High-insulation flexible thermal insulation film

Abstract

To provide a highly insulating, flexible, heat-insulating film that imparts excellent deformation capabilities to the overall structure. [Solution] The structure comprises, from top to bottom, a waterproof flexible base layer 1, a dynamic stress buffer layer 2, a gradient composite thermal insulation layer 3, an infrared reflective layer 4, and a self-healing coating 5. The gradient composite thermal insulation layer consists of a highly elastic base layer 31 bonded to the dynamic stress buffer layer and a highly insulating surface layer 32 provided on the highly elastic base layer. Both the highly insulating surface layer and the highly elastic base layer contain a resin substrate and a composite thermal insulation filler dispersed therein. The composite thermal insulation filler consists of aerogel particles, glass balloons, and organic expandable balloons. A functionalized gradient distribution is applied to the three types of fillers: aerogel, glass balloons, and organic expandable balloons. The highly insulating surface layer is rich in aerogel and glass balloons, constructing a dense static thermal insulation barrier mainly composed of nano-micrometer pores to efficiently block heat conduction, while the highly elastic base layer is rich in expandable balloons.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of functional thin film technology, and particularly to a high heat insulation flexible heat insulation and heat preservation film.

Background Art

[0002] In building enclosure structures, especially in roofs and underground works, waterproofing and heat preservation are two core elements to ensure building functions, safety and energy conservation. Traditional construction methods generally adopt a layered method of "first laying insulation boards (such as XPS, EPS), and then covering with waterproof membranes". This method has a complicated process, a large number of joints, and is likely to form thermal bridges and potential leakage paths. To simplify the construction, materials with preformed insulation and waterproof layers have emerged in the market. For example, ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) waterproof membranes or glass fiber asphalt shingles based on elastomer / plastic modified asphalt, a rigid insulation board is laminated on the back of a self-adhesive rubber asphalt layer, or used in combination with a sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet. However, such composite materials are facing the following significant technical bottlenecks. That is, the rigid insulation board seriously weakens the inherent flexibility of the membrane, making it difficult to adapt to complex shapes and structural deformations. In addition, the difference in elastic modulus between the rigid insulation layer and the flexible waterproof layer is large. Under the action of temperature cycling and external forces, the shear stress between layers is concentrated, and delamination failure is likely to occur, resulting in the loss of the function of the entire waterproof and heat insulation system.

[0003] From a materials science perspective, the aforementioned problems reveal a deeper common technical contradiction in the field of thermal insulation materials: an inherent conflict between thermal insulation efficiency, flexibility, and miniaturization. Conventional inorganic thermal insulation films (e.g., ceramic substrates, glass fiber felt) have relatively low thermal conductivity, but their materials are brittle and rigid, with large bending radii, making them unsuitable for applications involving curved surface bonding or dynamic bending. Organic polymer thin films, on the other hand, possess good flexibility, but their thermal insulation performance is often limited. Typically, achieving ideal thermal insulation requires increasing the thickness to millimeters or even centimeters, which contradicts the need for weight reduction and space saving. Furthermore, the long-term stability of materials under complex environments is another major challenge. Some organic foams are prone to thermal shrinkage at high temperatures, leading to structural deformation and performance degradation, while some materials containing hydrophilic components readily absorb moisture in humid environments, and moisture can significantly improve their effective thermal conductivity.

[0004] Conventional technologies have attempted to improve performance by introducing high-performance thermal insulation fillers (e.g., aerogel, glass balloons), and related patents, such as CN110983795A (aerogel thermal insulation coating material) and CN104029389A (hot melt composite aerogel insulation structure), have introduced high-performance thermal insulation fillers, but the construction method is complex and costly, or the filler material is prone to falling out, the improvement in the overall flexibility of the membrane is limited, and the function is single-dimensional. More importantly, conventional designs often employ random uniform dispersion of thermal insulation fillers, making it impossible to optimize the structure based on the multimode of heat transfer (radiation, conduction, convection) and the stress state of the material. As a result, the effectiveness of the "passive barrier" is not optimized, and there is a lack of reinforcing functions such as "active reflection" of thermal radiation and "intelligent protection" of surface damage. [Overview of the project]

[0005] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a highly insulating, flexible, heat-insulating film. The present invention provides a highly insulating flexible thermal insulation film comprising a waterproof flexible substrate layer, a dynamic stress buffer layer, a gradient composite thermal insulation layer, an infrared reflective layer, and a self-healing coating, arranged in order from top to bottom, wherein the waterproof flexible substrate layer is selected from an ethylene propylene diene rubber layer, a thermoplastic polyolefin waterproof wrapping substrate layer, or a composite layer of elastomer / plastic modified asphalt and reinforced substrate fabric, and the gradient composite thermal insulation layer consists of a highly elastic base layer bonded to the dynamic stress buffer layer and a highly insulating surface layer provided on the highly elastic base layer, wherein both the highly insulating surface layer and the highly elastic base layer include a resin substrate and a composite thermal insulation filler dispersed therein, and the composite thermal insulation filler consists of aerogel particles, glass balloons, and organic expandable balloons.

[0006] Furthermore, the aerogel particles are hydrophobic silica aerogel with a porosity of ≥95% and an average pore size of 20-50 nm; the glass balloons are hollow glass balloons with a hollowness of ≥90% and a particle size of 0.5-30 μm; and the organic expandable balloons are balloons in which a foaming agent is embedded in a thermoplastic polymer shell layer, with an initial expansion temperature of 80-210°C and a diameter of 20-100 μm after expansion.

[0007] Furthermore, the dynamic stress buffer layer is a polymer layer containing flexible silicone elastic particles having an average particle size of 5 to 15 μm.

[0008] Furthermore, the infrared reflective layer is a metal oxide thin film or a fluorine-doped tin oxide thin film formed by physical vapor deposition or solution coating.

[0009] Furthermore, the self-healing coating is a polymer layer containing microcapsule repair agents or having a dynamically reversible crosslinking network.

[0010] Furthermore, the ratio of the thickness of the highly insulating surface layer to the thickness of the highly elastic underlayment layer is 1:3 to 3:1.

[0011] Compared to conventional technologies, this invention adopts a gradient composite insulation layer design, and microscopically, a functional gradient distribution is applied to three types of fillers: aerogel (micropores), glass balloons (mesopores), and organic expandable balloons (macropores). The highly insulating surface layer is rich in aerogel and glass balloons, constructing a dense "static insulating barrier" mainly composed of nano-micrometer pores, efficiently blocking heat conduction. The highly elastic base layer is rich in expandable balloons, forming a "dynamic buffer matrix" mainly composed of elastically closed pores, giving the overall structure excellent deformability. With this design, the membrane can maintain an extremely thin overall thickness of 0 to 800 μm while achieving an extremely low thermal conductivity of ≤0.020 W / (m·K). At the same time, the bending radius is extremely small, perfectly conforming to various curved surfaces and dynamic bending scenarios, resolving the technical contradiction of traditional materials where "thickness is essential for insulation, while thinness is not sufficient for strength." [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0012] To more clearly explain embodiments of the present invention or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments below will be briefly described. It is clear that the drawings described below represent only a few embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the highly insulating flexible thermal insulation film of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gradient composite insulation layer of the present invention. [Figure 3] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a highly elastic underlayer or highly insulating surface layer in another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] This is a structural diagram of the composite thermal insulation filling material of the present invention under an electron microscope. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0013] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described clearly and completely below, based on the drawings of the embodiments of this application. It is clear that the embodiments described are only a selection of embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without any creative work based on the embodiments of this application are all within the scope of protection of this application.

[0014] As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 4, the highly insulating flexible thermal insulation film of the present invention includes a waterproof flexible base layer 1, a dynamic stress buffer layer 2, a gradient composite thermal insulation layer 3, an infrared reflective layer 4, and a self-healing coating 5 arranged in order from top to bottom. The waterproof flexible base layer 1 is selected from an ethylene propylene diene rubber layer, a thermoplastic polyolefin waterproof wrapping base layer, or a composite layer of elastomer / plastic modified asphalt and reinforced base fabric. The gradient composite thermal insulation layer 3 consists of a highly elastic base layer 31 bonded to the dynamic stress buffer layer 2 and a highly insulating surface layer 32 provided on the highly elastic base layer 31. Both the highly insulating surface layer 32 and the highly elastic base layer 31 include a resin substrate 33 and a composite thermal insulation filler 34 dispersed therein. The composite thermal insulation filler 34 consists of aerogel particles, glass balloons, and organic expandable balloons.

[0015] In this embodiment, a gradient composite insulation layer 3 design is adopted, and microscopically, a functional gradient distribution is applied to three types of fillers: aerogel (micropores), glass balloons (mesopores), and organic expandable balloons (macropores). The highly insulating surface layer 32 is rich in aerogel and glass balloons, constructing a dense "static insulating barrier" mainly composed of nano-micrometer pores, efficiently blocking heat conduction. The highly elastic underlayer 31 is rich in expandable balloons, forming a "dynamic buffer matrix" mainly composed of elastically closed pores, providing the overall structure with excellent deformability. With this design, the membrane can achieve an extremely low thermal conductivity of ≤0.020 W / (m·K) while maintaining an extremely thin overall thickness of 0-800 μm. At the same time, the bending radius is extremely small, perfectly conforming to various curved surfaces and dynamic bending scenarios, resolving the technical contradiction of traditional materials where "thickness is essential for insulation, while thinness is not sufficient for strength." Furthermore, by integrating a mature, high-performance waterproofing substrate (e.g., ethylene propylene diene rubber, thermoplastic polyolefin, or elastomer / plastic-modified asphalt composite layer) with an innovative gradient composite insulation layer, the traditional physical layering pattern of "insulation layer + waterproofing layer" has been fundamentally altered. Simultaneously, the introduction of a dynamic stress buffer layer effectively absorbs and dissipates shear stress caused by differences in elastic modulus and temperature deformation between the waterproofing substrate and the upper insulation layer. This allows a highly rigid insulation layer and a flexible waterproofing substrate to coexist harmoniously, solving the technical bottleneck of traditional composite materials being prone to layering and having poor fatigue resistance. This provides the product with highly efficient insulation and reliable waterproofing while maintaining outstanding flexibility (adaptable to complex curved surfaces) and dynamic reliability.

[0016] Furthermore, this embodiment integrates an infrared reflective layer 4 and a self-healing coating 5 in addition to high-efficiency passive insulation. The infrared reflective layer 4 can directly reflect most of the incident thermal radiation, forming a first active thermal barrier, and in synergy with the passive insulating effect of the gradient insulation layer, maximizes the insulation efficiency. The outermost self-healing coating 5 not only prevents everyday abrasion and contamination, but its unique self-healing function allows it to automatically repair itself when minor damage occurs, restoring surface integrity and protection, significantly extending the effective service life of the product, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0017] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2, in the highly insulating surface layer 32, the combined weight of the aerogel particles and the glass balloons accounts for 60-90% of the total weight of the composite insulating filler 34 in that layer, and in the highly elastic base layer 31, the weight of the organic expandable balloons accounts for 60-90% of the total weight of the composite insulating filler 34 in that layer, where, The aerogel particles are hydrophobic silica aerogel with a porosity of ≥95% and an average pore size of 20-50 nm; the glass balloons are hollow glass balloons with a hollowness of ≥90% and a particle size of 0.5-30 μm; and the organic expandable balloons are balloons in which a foaming agent is contained within a thermoplastic polymer shell layer, with an initial expansion temperature of 80-210°C and a diameter of 20-100 μm after expansion.

[0018] In another embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, the aerogel particles, glass balloons, and organic expandable balloons can be accumulated on the same surface layer, i.e., these expandable balloons are accumulated on both the highly insulating surface layer 32 and the highly elastic underlayer layer 31. However, the main goal of aerogel / glass balloons is extreme insulation, requiring high addition amounts to form a dense insulation network, which makes the coating hard and brittle. The main goal of expandable balloons is to provide elasticity, reduce weight, and increase pores, but too much addition can reduce coating strength, and excessive bubbles can hinder further improvement of insulation efficiency. In a single coating, there is an upper limit to the total amount of the three types of fillers added in order to maintain certain workability and mechanical performance, which means that the advantages of any one filler cannot be maximized simultaneously, and performance compromises must be made. Moreover, such a single, high-filler-content rigid coating is applied directly onto a flexible substrate, and because there is a large difference in the elastic moduli of the two, shear forces are easily generated at the interface under dynamic stress, causing the coating to peel off the substrate or become layered. Based on this, the gradient composite insulation layer 3 of the present invention preferably has a gradient distribution structure as shown in Figure 2.

[0019] In some embodiments, the overall thickness of the thermal insulation film is 60-800 μm, and the thermal conductivity is ≤0.020 W / (m·K), where the thickness of the waterproof flexible substrate layer 1 is 10-100 μm, the thickness of the dynamic stress buffer layer 2 is 5-30 μm, the thickness of the gradient composite thermal insulation layer 3 is 40-500 μm, the thickness of the infrared reflective layer 4 is 1-10 μm, and the thickness of the self-healing coating 5 is 5-20 μm. Here, if the waterproof flexible base material layer 1 is an ethylene propylene diene rubber layer, its thickness is 1.0 to 3.0 mm and it has excellent weather resistance, ozone resistance, and aging resistance; if it is a thermoplastic polyolefin waterproof wrapping base layer, its thickness is 1.2 to 4.0 mm and it contains polyester or glass fiber reinforced base fabric, allowing for hot air welding and having a white surface that can reflect partial heat; if it is a composite layer of elastomer / plastic modified asphalt and reinforced base fabric, its thickness is 2.0 to 4.0 mm and it is composited with a self-adhesive rubber asphalt layer or a sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet layer on the underside, enabling more convenient wet paving or pre-paving anti-adhesive construction. Preferably, the resulting composite film has a total thickness of approximately 252 μm, and tests have shown that its thermal conductivity is 0.018 W / (m·K), it withstands 100 cycles of thermal shock from -40°C to 120°C without any abnormalities, and after being folded 100,000 times with a radius of 5 mm, the change in thermal conductivity is <3%.

[0020] In some embodiments, the waterproof flexible substrate layer 1 is one selected from polyester mesh, polypropylene mesh, and polyester mesh, and is a polyester (PET) plain weave mesh with a thickness of 10 to 30 μm, preferably 30 μm.

[0021] The dynamic stress buffer layer 2 is a polymer layer containing flexible silicone elastic particles having an average particle size of 5 to 15 μm. Specifically, a urethane slurry containing 10 parts by weight of silicone elastic particles with an average particle size of 8 μm is coated onto the substrate layer 1 by a microgravure coating method, dried at 90°C, and then a flexible buffer layer with a thickness of approximately 10 μm is formed.

[0022] The infrared reflective layer 4 is a metal oxide thin film or a fluorine-doped tin oxide thin film formed by physical vapor deposition or solution coating method. Using magnetron sputtering method, an indium tin oxide (ITO) thin film with a thickness of about 80 nm is deposited on the surface of the surface layer.

[0023] The self-healing coating 5 contains a microcapsule repair agent or is a polymer layer having a dynamic reversible cross-linked network. A self-healing polyurethane coating based on a two-component microcapsule (core material is dicyclopentadiene) is applied and cured at 60 °C with a thickness of about 12 μm.

[0024] The high-elasticity base layer 31: Prepare a slurry, use acrylic-modified polyurethane with a solid content of 50% as the resin matrix 33, and the composite heat-insulating filler 34 accounts for 15% of the solid content of the slurry. Here, regarding the composition of the composite heat-insulating filler 34, the organic expandable balloon (Sweden Expancel 920DU40) is 80% and the glass balloon (3M K37) is 20%. Apply this slurry on the buffer layer, foam at 110 °C and pre-cure to form a structural layer with a thickness of about 120 μm and rich in elastic closed pores.

[0025] The high heat-insulating surface layer 32: Prepare a slurry, use the same type of resin matrix 33, and the composite heat-insulating filler 34 accounts for 25% of the solid content of the slurry. Here, regarding the composition of the composite heat-insulating filler 34, the hydrophobic silica aerogel (Suzhou Zhuona AP15) is 50%, the glass balloon (3M K37) is 40%, and the organic expandable balloon (Expancel 920DU40) is 10%. Apply the surface layer slurry when the base layer 31 is not completely cooled, and finally cure at 130 °C to form a dense heat-insulating layer with a thickness of about 80 μm and rich in microporous structure.

[0026] The ratio of the thickness of the high heat-insulating surface layer 32 to the thickness of the high-elasticity base layer 31 is 1:3 to 3:1.

[0027] In this embodiment, a creative gradient distribution design was performed for three types of fillers: aerogel (micropores), glass balloons (mesopores), and organic expandable balloons (macropores). In the highly insulating surface layer 32, the total content of aerogel and glass balloons reached 60% to 90%, forming a dense and rigid highly efficient insulating barrier mainly composed of nanometer-scale micropores and micrometer-scale mesopores, maximally blocking heat conduction. In the highly elastic underlayer layer 31, the content of organic expandable balloons reached 60% to 90%, and under thermal expansion formed a large number of elastic pores (diameter 20 to 100 μm), forming a flexible and compressible buffer matrix, giving the membrane excellent deformability. This "rigid at the top, flexible at the bottom" gradient structure allows the film to achieve an extremely low thermal conductivity of ≤0.020 W / (m·K) (preferably 0.018 W / (m·K) in the embodiment) while maintaining an extremely thin overall thickness of 60-800 μm (preferably about 252 μm in the embodiment). At the same time, it has an extremely small bending radius, completely resolving the technical contradictions of traditional thermal insulation materials, such as "thickness is necessary for insulation, thinness is not sufficient" or "flexibility is not sufficient," making it particularly suitable for spatially restricted curved surfaces and dynamic scenes.

[0028] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the outermost infrared reflective layer 4 (for example, an indium tin oxide thin film) has a high reflectivity in the infrared band. When ambient thermal radiation (the main heat source) is incident on the film surface, this layer can directly reflect most of the infrared radiation, thereby rapidly and significantly reducing the external heat load and forming a first active, highly efficient thermal insulation barrier. The transmitted residual heat enters the gradient composite thermal insulation layer 3 and faces a gradient "maze-like" barrier consisting of pores of different scales. Here, the highly thermal insulation surface layer 32 is rich in aerogel particles and has a three-dimensional network of nanometer-scale (20-50 nm) pores inside, making it difficult for air molecules to flow freely, effectively suppressing heat transfer by gas convection, and severely limiting solid heat conduction paths, thus acting as a core that blocks heat conduction. The glass balloons, as hollow micro-sized particles, have still air chambers inside that further block solid heat conduction paths, playing a role in strengthening the coating and scattering thermal radiation. The organic expandable balloons abundantly present in the highly elastic substrate 31 form a large number of sealed, millimeter-sized air bubbles after expansion. These stationary air chambers are excellent insulators, significantly reducing convective heat transfer, and the low modulus of this layer also helps to reduce contact heat conduction with the substrate. This multi-scale gradient distribution, from nanopores to micropores and even millimeter pores, maximizes the extension of heat conduction paths and complements the advantages of each pore scale, achieving ultimate blocking of heat conduction and convection.

[0029] Since the membrane is subjected to bending, vibration, and thermal stress in actual applications, a protective mechanism needs to be designed. Here, the difference in elastic modulus between the waterproof flexible base layer 1 and the rigid, highly insulating surface layer 32 is large, and direct bonding would easily cause stress concentration at the interface. The intermediate dynamic stress buffer layer 2 (containing silicone elastic particles) acts as a highly elastic viscous medium, effectively absorbing and dissipating stress energy through the deformation of the elastic particles and the sliding of the polymer segments when the membrane deforms, preventing microcracks caused by stress concentration in the brittle aerogel-enriched region. The gradient composite insulation layer 3 itself transitions from a highly elastic base layer 31 rich in elastic balloons to a highly insulating surface layer 32 rich in rigid filler, forming a continuous and gradual elastic modulus gradient. This structure avoids abrupt changes in material performance, allows for gradual stress transmission and distribution, significantly improving the fatigue resistance and layering resistance of the membrane under repeated dynamic bending and thermal shock, and ensuring structural integrity for long-term use.

[0030] On the other hand, the hydrophobic silica aerogel used in the highly insulating surface layer 32 itself has extremely strong water repellency, effectively preventing the penetration of environmental moisture into the film. At the same time, the coating with the dense resin substrate 33 further blocks water vapor passages. This stabilizes the thermal conductivity of the film in a humid environment and avoids performance degradation due to moisture absorption. The outermost self-healing coating 5 constitutes the final physical and chemical barrier. When microscopic cracks occur on the surface due to abrasion or other reasons, microcapsule repair agents pre-embedded within the coating rupture and leak out (or dynamic reversible chemical bonds recombine under stimuli such as heat or light), automatically filling and healing the damaged area. This mechanism not only restores the aesthetics and integrity of the coating, but more importantly, it protects the underlying functional structure and continuously maintains the optical performance of the infrared reflective layer 4, intelligently extending the product's lifespan.

[0031] Furthermore, this invention provides a clear and optimized range for the material, thickness, mixing ratio, and important process parameters (e.g., coating method, curing temperature) of each functional layer. For example, a 10-30 μm braided mesh is selected as the support substrate, the thickness of the buffer layer is 5-30 μm, the total thickness of the heat-insulating layer is 40-500 μm, and the thickness ratio of the surface layer to the base layer is optimized between 1:3 and 3:1. In preferred embodiments, the film withstood severe thermal shock from -40°C to 120°C 100 times without abnormality, and after undergoing a rigorous bending fatigue test of 100,000 cycles at a radius of 5 mm, the decay rate of its core thermal insulation performance was less than 3%, demonstrating outstanding dynamic mechanical stability and an ultra-long service life. With such quantitative design, the plan is not merely conceptual but can be stably realized by conventional methods such as mature microgravure coating, step-temperature curing, and magnetron sputtering, ensuring consistency in product performance and feasibility of large-scale production, and having a good prospect for market penetration.

[0032] Furthermore, all directional indicators in the embodiments of this application (e.g., up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are used solely to describe the relative positional relationships and motions between each component in a specific orientation (as shown in the drawings). If the specific orientation changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0033] Furthermore, the descriptions of "First," "Second," etc., in this application are used solely for explanatory purposes and should not be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly showing the number of designated technical features. Therefore, features limited by "First" and "Second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, while the technical solutions between each embodiment can be combined, this must be based on what a person skilled in the art could achieve. If a combination of technical solutions results in a contradiction or is not achievable, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered nonexistent and is outside the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0034] While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, knowing the basic creative concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed as encompassing all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the preferred embodiments and the present invention.

[0035] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Thus, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and the equivalent art, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations. [Explanation of symbols]

[0036] 1 Waterproof flexible substrate layer 2. Dynamic stress buffer layer 3. Sloping composite insulation layer 31 Highly elastic base layer 32 High-insulation surface layer 33 Resin base 34. Composite insulation filling material 4. Infrared reflective layer 5. Self-healing coating

Claims

1. A highly insulating flexible thermal insulation film comprising a waterproof flexible base layer (1), a dynamic stress buffer layer (2), a gradient composite thermal insulation layer (3), an infrared reflective layer (4), and a self-healing coating (5) arranged in order from top to bottom, wherein the waterproof flexible base layer (1) is selected from an ethylene propylene diene rubber layer, a thermoplastic polyolefin waterproof wrapping base layer, or a composite layer of elastomer / plastic modified asphalt and reinforced base fabric, and the gradient composite thermal insulation layer (3) is composed of a highly elastic base layer (31) bonded to the dynamic stress buffer layer (2) and a highly insulating surface layer (32) provided on the highly elastic base layer (31), wherein both the highly insulating surface layer (32) and the highly elastic base layer (31) include a resin substrate (33) and a composite thermal insulation filler (34) dispersed therein, and the composite thermal insulation filler (34) consists of aerogel particles, glass balloons, and organic expandable balloons.

2. The aerogel particles are hydrophobic silica aerogel with a porosity of ≥95% and an average pore size of 20 to 50 nm; the glass balloons are hollow glass balloons with a hollowness of ≥90% and a particle size of 0.5 to 30 μm; and the organic expandable balloons are balloons in which a foaming agent is contained within a thermoplastic polymer shell layer, with an initial expansion temperature of 80 to 210°C and a diameter after expansion of 20 to 100 μm, characterized in that the high-insulation flexible thermal insulation film according to claim 1.

3. The highly insulating flexible heat-insulating film according to claim 2, characterized in that the dynamic stress buffer layer (2) is a polymer layer containing flexible silicone elastic particles having an average particle size of 5 to 15 μm.

4. The highly insulating flexible heat-insulating film according to claim 3, characterized in that the infrared reflective layer (4) is a metal oxide thin film or a fluorine-doped tin oxide thin film formed by a physical vapor deposition method or a solution coating method.

5. The high-insulation flexible thermal insulation film according to claim 4, characterized in that the self-healing coating (5) contains a microcapsule repair agent or is a polymer layer having a dynamically reversible crosslinking network.

6. The highly insulating flexible heat-insulating film according to claim 5, characterized in that the ratio of the thickness of the highly insulating surface layer (32) to the thickness of the highly elastic base layer (31) is 1:3 to 3:1.

Images