Specimen extraction device

Abstract

The present invention provides a specimen extraction device that allows for easy removal of the finished specimen from a cylindrical specimen mold. [Solution] A specimen extraction device 1 comprises a cylindrical body 3 made of one material, and an extraction machine 10 for extracting a specimen CS from inside the cylindrical body. The cylindrical body is provided with a first engaging portion 3M, and the extraction machine comprises an annular receiving portion 13 provided with a second engaging portion 13F that detachably engages with the first engaging portion of the cylindrical body, and a lifting member 16 positioned below the receiving portion and capable of moving up and down along the central axis AX of the receiving portion. The lifting member is configured to enter the cylindrical body from the lower end opening of the cylindrical body, which is engaged with and fixed to the receiving portion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a specimen extraction device for extracting a manufactured specimen from a specimen mold, which is a mold for manufacturing specimens for, for example, concrete strength tests.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, for example, cylindrical concrete specimens have been manufactured for performing concrete strength tests for constructing building structures. In the strength test, a compression strength test, a tensile strength test, and a flexural strength test are performed on the specimen. After injecting, for example, fresh concrete into a specimen mold and allowing it to solidify, the cylindrical concrete is removed from the mold (for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Document

Patent Document

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In the case of the bottomed cylindrical specimen mold disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is difficult to remove the formed specimen as it is. Therefore, the specimen mold is configured such that the side plate components can be divided into two. However, in a configuration where the side plate components can be divided into two, the work of assembling and disassembling the specimen mold is time-consuming, and there is a risk that concrete paste may leak from the gap between the divided surfaces or that a joint mark may remain on the surface of the specimen.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a specimen extraction device capable of easily extracting the formed specimen.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] (1) One embodiment of a solution to the above problem is a specimen extraction device comprising a cylindrical body made of one member, and an extraction machine for extracting specimens from inside the cylindrical body, wherein the cylindrical body is provided with a first engagement portion, and the extraction machine comprises an annular receiving portion provided with a second engagement portion that detachably engages with the first engagement portion of the cylindrical body, and a lifting member disposed below the receiving portion and capable of moving up and down along the central axis of the receiving portion, wherein the lifting member is configured to enter inside the cylindrical body from the lower end opening of the cylindrical body which is engaged with and fixed to the receiving portion.

[0007] (2) A specimen extraction device as described in (1), characterized in that the upper end of the lifting member is provided with a disc-shaped pressure plate having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical body, which contacts the bottom surface of the specimen and applies pressure.

[0008] (3) A specimen extraction device as described in (1) or (2), wherein the extraction machine comprises a base, a support column erected on the base, and a hydraulic jack, the receiving portion is provided on the upper part of the support column, and the lifting member is the piston of the hydraulic jack, and is characterized in that it is raised and lowered by hydraulic pressure operated by a manual pump.

[0009] (4) A specimen extraction device as described in (1) or (2), wherein a female screw portion is provided below the receiving portion, passing through along the central axis, the lifting member is a screw shaft having a male screw formed on its outer circumference and capable of moving back and forth along the central axis while screwed into the female screw portion, and a handle for rotating the screw shaft is provided at the lower end of the screw shaft. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] The specimen extraction device of this invention is configured such that the cylindrical body of the specimen formwork is fixed to the receiving part of the extraction machine by engagement, and a lifting member directly pushes the specimen up from the lower end opening. Therefore, it is possible to safely and reliably extract the specimen from the cylindrical body made of a single component. Consequently, the time and effort required for assembly and disassembly, as when using a segmented specimen formwork, is eliminated, and specimens can be efficiently manufactured without leakage of concrete paste from gaps in the segmented surfaces or the occurrence of seam marks on the specimen surface.

[0011] Furthermore, by providing a disc-shaped pressure plate slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder at the upper end of the lifting member, an upward force can be applied evenly over a wide area to the bottom surface of the test specimen. Therefore, damage such as cracking or chipping of the test specimen due to localized pressure can be prevented, and it can be safely extracted without affecting the accuracy of the test.

[0012] Furthermore, in a configuration where a manually operated hydraulic jack is used as the power source for the lifting mechanism, even if the test specimen is firmly attached to the inner wall of the formwork and difficult to remove, a large lifting force can be generated with light operating force. Therefore, the removal work can be performed easily and without fatigue.

[0013] On the other hand, by utilizing the force-multiplying action of a screw shaft and handle as the power source for the lifting member, hydraulic mechanisms and large support frames (such as bases and columns) become unnecessary, allowing the entire device to be constructed simply, compactly, and lightweight. Consequently, it becomes easier to transport and store, and manufacturing costs can be kept low. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0014] [Figure 1] A perspective view showing a specimen mold for an embodiment and a modified version of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a cross-sectional view showing a test specimen formwork of an embodiment and a modified form of the present invention. [Figure 3] This is an exploded perspective view showing the test specimen molds of embodiments and modified forms of the present invention. [Figure 4] It is a perspective view showing the separated state before the formwork set of the extractor (hydraulic type) according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] It is a perspective view showing the state after the formwork set of the extractor (hydraulic type) according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] It is a perspective view showing the operating state of the extractor (hydraulic type) according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] It is a perspective view showing the state where the specimen is extruded by the extractor (manual screw type) according to the modified form of the present invention. [Figure 8] It is an exploded perspective view of the extractor (manual screw type) according to the modified form of the present invention. [Figure 9] It is a cross-sectional view showing the initial state before the extraction operation of the extractor (manual screw type) according to the modified form of the present invention. [Figure 10] It is a perspective view showing the operating state of the extractor (manual screw type) according to the modified form of the present invention. [Figure 11] It is a cross-sectional view showing the operating state of the extractor (manual screw type) according to the modified form of the present invention. <00​​​​​​​​​As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the upper end opening 3A of the cylindrical body 3 is for injecting, for example, fresh concrete (a mixture of cement, water, sand, and crushed stone). Further, a spiral male screw 3M is formed at the lower end of the outer peripheral surface 3X of the cylindrical body 3. On the other hand, the bottom cover 4 includes a peripheral wall portion 5 having an inner diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the cylindrical body 3, and a bottom plate 6. The bottom plate 6 of the bottom cover 4 has an outer bottom surface 6X and an inner bottom surface 6Y. A female screw 4F that screws with the male screw 3M of the cylindrical body 3 is formed on the inner side surface 5Y of the peripheral wall portion 5 of the bottom cover 4, and the bottom cover 4 can be easily attached and detached to and from the cylindrical body 3 simply by rotating the bottom cover 4 without using tools or the like.

[0017] When fabricating the specimen CS using the specimen mold 2, first, the bottom cover 4 is screwed into the cylindrical body 3 and fixed so as to close the lower end opening 3B of the cylindrical body 3, and concrete is injected from the upper end opening 3A. Then, after the injected concrete has solidified, the bottom cover 4 is rotated counterclockwise and removed from the cylindrical body 3. As a result, the lower end opening 3B side of the cylindrical body 3 is in an open state. Since the lower end opening 3B can be opened in this way, it becomes possible to push out the specimen CS inside the cylindrical body 3 from one end side, and the specimen CS can be easily extracted from the specimen mold 2.

[0018] Next, the configuration of the extractor 10 (hydraulic manual lifter) for extracting the specimen CS from the cylindrical body 3 of the specimen mold 2 after the concrete has solidified will be described. FIGS. 4 to 6 are perspective views of the extractor 10 that constitutes the specimen extraction device 1 of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows the separated state before setting the cylindrical body 3 of the specimen mold 2, FIG. 5 shows the use state with the cylindrical body 3 of the specimen mold 2 set, and FIG. 6 shows the operating state when extracting the specimen CS. The extractor 1 includes a horizontal base 11, a support column 12 erected on the base 11 along the vertical direction (axial direction AH described later) in the drawing, a substantially annular receiving portion 13 provided at the upper part of the support column 12, and a hydraulic jack 14 disposed below the receiving portion 13 on the base 11. In the axial direction AH of the central axis AX of the receiving portion 13, the upward direction in the drawing is defined as the upward direction AH1, and the downward direction in the drawing is defined as the downward direction AH2.

[0019] The inner circumferential surface 13Y of the receiving portion 13 has a female thread 13F that can be screwed into the male thread 3M formed on the lower part of the outer circumferential surface 3X of the cylindrical body 3 (see Figure 4). The bottom cover 4 is removed from the cylindrical body 3 after the concrete has hardened, and the lower part of the cylindrical body 3 is inserted into the receiving portion 13 from above and rotated, so that the male thread 3M of the cylindrical body 3 and the female thread 13F of the receiving portion 13 are screwed into each other, and the cylindrical body 3 with the test specimen CS inside is fixed to the extraction machine 10 (see Figure 5). At this time, the lower end opening 3B of the cylindrical body 3 is completely open downwards to AH2 through the central space of the receiving portion 13.

[0020] The hydraulic jack 14 is operated manually and includes a pump unit 15 located on the lower side and a lever 19 that can be attached to or removed from the pump unit 15 (Figures 4, 5, and 6). The pump unit 15 consists of a cylindrical lever receiver 15A into which the tip 19A of the lever 19 is inserted, a plunger 15B that moves up and down in conjunction with the oscillating motion of the lever receiver 15A to pump oil, a support bracket 15C, a pivot pin 15D, a connecting pin 15E, and a release valve 15F for releasing hydraulic pressure. The upper part of the hydraulic jack 14 is provided with a piston 16 that moves up and down axially AH (along the central axis AX) by hydraulic pressure, and the upper end of the piston 16 is provided with a disc-shaped pressure plate 17 having a diameter that allows it to enter the cylindrical body 3 (see Figure 6). The pressure plate 17 is for directly pushing up the bottom of the test specimen CS inside the cylindrical body 3 and has an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical body 3.

[0021] The process for removing the test specimen CS is as follows. As shown in Figure 6, with the cylindrical body 3 fixed to the receiving part 13, when the operator repeatedly operates the lever 19 along the axial direction AH, hydraulic pressure is generated by the operation of the pump unit 15, and the piston 16 of the hydraulic jack 14 gradually rises upward AH1. Accordingly, the pressure plate 17 at the upper end of the piston 16 enters the interior of the cylindrical body 3 through the lower end opening 3B of the cylindrical body 3, pushing the bottom of the test specimen CS upward AH1. As a result, even if the cylindrical body 3 has a cylindrical shape with no divided side plates, the test specimen CS can be removed from the upper end opening 3A of the cylindrical body 3. After removal is complete, the hydraulic pressure is released by opening the release valve 15F (see Figure 4), and the piston 16 and pressure plate 17 can be lowered downward AH2 and returned to their original positions.

[0022] As described above, the specimen extraction device 1 of this embodiment is configured such that the cylindrical body 3 of the specimen formwork 2 is fixed to the receiving part 13 of the extraction machine 10 by screwing it in, and the piston 16 directly pushes up the specimen CS from the lower end opening 3B. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the formwork from lifting up or coming off due to the strong reaction force when pushing up the specimen CS, and to safely and reliably extract the specimen CS. As a result, a cylindrical body 3 made of a single piece can be used, and a specimen CS without concrete paste leakage or seam marks can be manufactured without the hassle of assembling and disassembling the specimen formwork. Furthermore, by providing a disc-shaped pressure plate 17, damage to the specimen CS is prevented, and by adopting a manual hydraulic jack 14, the specimen CS can be easily extracted from the cylindrical body 3 of the specimen formwork 2.

[0023] (Changed form) Next, as another embodiment (modified form) of the present invention, a form in which the test specimen CS is extracted from the cylindrical body 3 of the test specimen mold 2 using a manual screw mechanism will be described. Figures 7 to 11 show the configuration and operating state of the test specimen extraction device 101 according to the modified form. Here, Figure 7 is a perspective view showing the state in which the test specimen CS has been pushed out, and Figure 8 is an exploded perspective view thereof. Also, Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the initial state before the extraction work, and Figures 10 and 11 are perspective views and cross-sectional views showing the operating state during the extraction work. In this modified form, the extraction machine 110 extracts the test specimen CS using the principle of screw feeding instead of the hydraulic jack 14 described above, and the cylindrical body 3 enclosing the test specimen CS is the same as that of the above embodiment.

[0024] As shown in Figures 8 and 9, the modified extraction machine 110 includes a receiving member 113 to which the lower part of the cylindrical body 3 is screwed, a screw shaft 116 that passes through the receiving member 113 along the central axis AX and is screwed in, an operating handle 118 connected to the lower end of the screw shaft 116, and a disc-shaped pressure plate 117 provided at the upper end of the screw shaft 116. The receiving member 113 consists of a large-diameter cup-shaped portion 113A that accommodates the lower part of the cylindrical body 3, and a small-diameter cylindrical boss portion 113B that is continuous below it. The inner circumferential surface 113Y of the cup-shaped portion 113A has a female thread 113F that can be screwed into the male thread 3M formed on the outer circumference of the lower part of the cylindrical body 3, so that the cylindrical body 3 with the bottom cover 4 removed can be screwed in and fixed from above. Furthermore, below the receiving member 113 (on the inner circumference of the boss portion 113B in this embodiment), a female screw portion 113T is formed that penetrates along the central axis AX (penetrating in the axial direction AH).

[0025] The screw shaft 116 has a male thread 116S formed on its outer circumference and is supported so as to be able to move back and forth in the axial direction AH along the central axis AX while screwed into the female thread portion 113T of the receiving member 113. The pressure plate 117 provided at the upper end of the screw shaft 116 is for directly pushing up the bottom of the test specimen CS and has an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical body 3. As shown in the cross-sectional views of Figures 9 and 11, a recess is provided in the center of the lower surface of the pressure plate 117, into which the upper end of the screw shaft 116 is inserted and engaged.

[0026] Next, the operation of extracting the specimen CS using this extraction machine 110 will be explained. First, the bottom cover 4 is removed from the concrete-hardened cylindrical body 3, and the lower part of the cylindrical body 3 is screwed into the female thread 113F of the receiving member 113 and fixed in place. In this initial state, as shown in Figure 9, the screw shaft 116 is in a lowered position, and the pressure plate 117 is waiting directly below the lower end opening 3B of the cylindrical body 3. Next, when the operator grasps the handle 118 and rotates it in a predetermined direction (for example, clockwise), as shown in Figures 10 and 11, the screw shaft 116 is pushed upward AH1 while rotating due to the screw action with the female thread portion 113T. Accordingly, the pressure plate 117 at the upper end of the screw shaft 116 enters the interior of the cylindrical body 3, contacts the bottom of the specimen CS, and pushes the specimen CS upward.

[0027] By continuing to rotate the handle 118, the entire specimen CS is smoothly pushed out from the upper end opening 3A of the cylindrical body 3, as shown in Figure 7, and the extraction is completed. After extraction is complete, by rotating the handle 118 in the reverse direction, the screw shaft 116 and the pressure plate 117 descend downward AH2 and return to their original positions. Thus, with the modified specimen extraction device 101, by utilizing the force-multiplying action of the screw by the screw shaft 116 and the handle 118, a hydraulic mechanism and a large support frame (for example, the base 11 and support column 12 in the above-described embodiment) become unnecessary. Therefore, the entire device can be made simple, compact, and lightweight, making it easy to carry and store.

[0028] In the embodiments and modified forms, the male screw 3M provided on the cylindrical body 3 of the specimen formwork 2 and the female screw 13F of the receiving part 13 (or the female screw 113F of the receiving member 113) are designated as the first engaging part and the second engaging part, respectively. However, the first engaging part and the second engaging part may be, for example, a convex and concave part that can be fitted together, or a chuck-type convex and notch part. Also, although the specimen formwork 2 in the embodiments and modified forms is made of metal, it may be made of, for example, ceramic or polymer resin instead of metal. Furthermore, although the specimen formwork 2 is configured so that nothing is placed inside the inner circumferential surface 3Y of the cylindrical body 3, and the fresh concrete injected during the production of the specimen CS comes into direct contact with the inner circumferential surface 3Y of the cylindrical body 3, the specimen formwork may also be configured so that, for example, a sheet-like film is placed inside the inner circumferential surface 3Y of the cylindrical body 3. In this case, the fresh concrete injected during the preparation of the test specimen CS can be configured so that it does not come into contact with the inner circumferential surface 3Y of the cylindrical body 3. Furthermore, although the test specimen is made of concrete, it may be replaced with, for example, mortar, a mixture of concrete and soil, or soil. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0029] 1.101...Test specimen extraction device 2…Test specimen frame 3...Cylinder 3B…Bottom opening 3M…Male screw (first engagement part) 10, 110... Extraction machine 11…Base 12…post 13... Receiving part 13F, 113F... Female thread (second engagement part) 14… Hydraulic jack 16…Piston (lifting / lowering component) 17, 117… Pressure plate 19... Lever 113... Receiving member (receiving part) 113T...Female thread section 116...Screw shaft (lifting / lowering member) 116S... Male screw AX…Central axis CS…Specimen

Claims

1. A specimen extraction device comprising a cylindrical body made of a single component, and an extraction machine for extracting the specimen from inside the cylindrical body, The cylindrical body is provided with a first engagement portion, The aforementioned extraction machine is, An annular receiving portion is provided with a second engaging portion that detachably engages with the first engaging portion of the cylindrical body, The system includes a lifting member positioned below the receiving portion and capable of moving up and down along the central axis of the receiving portion, The aforementioned lifting member is A specimen extraction device characterized by being configured to allow entry into the cylindrical body from the lower end opening of the cylindrical body which is engaged with and fixed to the receiving portion.

2. A specimen extraction device according to claim 1, A specimen extraction device characterized in that a disc-shaped pressure plate having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical body is provided at the upper end of the lifting member, and contacts the bottom surface of the specimen to apply pressure.

3. A specimen extraction device according to claim 1 or claim 2, The aforementioned extraction machine is, It comprises a base, a support column erected on the base, and a hydraulic jack. The aforementioned receiving portion is It is provided at the top of the aforementioned support column, The aforementioned lifting member is A specimen extraction device characterized by being a piston of the aforementioned hydraulic jack, which is raised and lowered by hydraulic pressure operated by a manual pump.

4. A specimen extraction device according to claim 1 or claim 2, Below the receiving portion, there is a female screw portion that penetrates along the central axis, The aforementioned lifting member is A screw shaft having male threads formed on its outer circumference, which is able to move back and forth along the central axis while screwed into the female thread portion, A specimen extraction device characterized in that a handle for rotating the screw shaft is provided at the lower end of the screw shaft.

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