Nuclear Shelter Ventilation System

Abstract

To provide a ventilation system for a nuclear shelter that can safely introduce air from the outside into a protected space and has good maintainability. [Solution] A nuclear shelter ventilation system comprising: a piping section which forms an inlet flow path; a damper section which is provided in the piping section so as to be able to close and open the inlet flow path; a damper drive section which operates the damper section with electrical energy; a damper control section which controls the damper drive section; a fan which is provided in the inlet flow path on the protected space side of the damper section and which forms an airflow in the inlet flow path; a filter section which removes specified substances from the air passing through the inlet flow path; a blast detection section which is provided on the outside side of the damper section and which detects at least one of pressure and flow velocity and outputs a detection signal to the damper control section; and a switch which is provided in the protected space and which sends an operation signal to the damper control section.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a nuclear shelter ventilation system that safely introduces air from the outside into the protected space of a nuclear shelter. [Background technology]

[0002] In the unlikely event of a natural disaster or war, it is anticipated that environmental radiation levels will rise due to accidents at nuclear power plants, the use of nuclear weapons, radioactive materials from outer space, etc. In order for living organisms to survive in such a crisis, it is effective for them to remain in a protected space that is protected from radiation until the environmental radiation levels drop below a certain level, and nuclear shelters that provide such a protected space have attracted attention.

[0003] In a ventilation system for a nuclear shelter, in addition to providing filters etc. to safely introduce air into the shelter, it is preferable that the ventilation system piping etc. can prevent a sudden rise in pressure inside the shelter when the external pressure suddenly rises due to an explosion etc. In conventional nuclear shelter ventilation systems, measures such as providing valves called explosion-proof valves or opening the piping only in an emergency have been proposed (see Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2 etc.).

[0004] However, conventional explosion-proof valves are mechanical, operated by springs or the like, and it is not easy to check whether they operate properly in an emergency, and there are problems in terms of maintainability, etc. In addition, in the case of a ventilation system that opens the piping only in an emergency, it is necessary to install a separate non-emergency ventilation system that safely closes the piping in an emergency, which creates a problem of the ventilation system becoming complicated. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] JP 2014-167379 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2019-219403 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] Therefore, the present invention provides a ventilation system for a nuclear shelter that can safely introduce air into a protected space from the outside both during normal times and during evacuation, and that is easy to maintain. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The nuclear shelter ventilation system according to the present invention comprises: A piping section that forms an introduction flow path that can introduce air into the protected space from the outside; a damper portion provided in the piping portion so as to be capable of closing and opening the introduction flow path; A damper driving unit that operates the damper unit using electrical energy; A damper control unit that controls the damper driving unit; a fan that is provided in the introduction flow path on the side of the protection space relative to the damper portion and that forms an airflow in the introduction flow path; a filter section that is provided in the inlet flow path on the side of the protection space relative to the damper section and that removes predetermined substances from the air passing through the inlet flow path; a blast detection unit provided on the outer side of the damper unit, detecting at least one of pressure and flow velocity and outputting a detection signal to the damper control unit; a switch provided in the protection space and configured to send an operation signal to the damper control unit; The damper control unit performs a first control to control the damper drive unit so that the damper unit closes the inlet flow path based on the detection signal from the blast detection unit, and a second control to control the damper drive unit so that the damper unit opens the inlet flow path based on the operation signal from the switch.

[0008] Such a nuclear shelter ventilation system is suitable as a ventilation system that can be used both in normal times and in emergency evacuation, since it is equipped with a fan and a filter unit that can be used during normal times, and the blast detection unit detects an external pressure rise or the occurrence of a blast and automatically closes the inlet flow path safely in an emergency. The damper that automatically closes upon detecting a pressure rise or the occurrence of a blast can be reopened by operating a switch in the protected space. In addition, since the damper drive unit, control unit, and blast detection unit are operated by electrical energy, operation checks can be performed relatively easily, maintenance is good, and a high level of operational reliability and shelter safety can be ensured.

[0009] Also, for example, the fan may be provided in the inlet flow passage between the damper portion and the filter portion.

[0010] In the nuclear shelter ventilation system of the present invention, by placing the fan between the damper section and the filter section, the fan can be made small and quietness can be ensured even when a filter with a high particle collection rate such as a HEPA filter is used.

[0011] Also, for example, the blast detection unit may be a differential pressure detector.

[0012] The differential pressure detection unit makes it possible to accurately detect the occurrence of a blast.

[0013] Also, for example, the nuclear shelter ventilation system may have a gas component detection unit that is provided within the protected space and detects the concentration of at least one of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the protected space and performs an alarm operation depending on the detection result.

[0014] This type of nuclear shelter ventilation system can warn users to operate a switch to open the damper in the event that the intake flow path remains closed by the damper and the oxygen concentration in the protected space decreases.

[0015] Also, for example, the nuclear shelter ventilation system may have a filter differential pressure gauge that is provided in the inlet flow path and detects the differential pressure before and after the filter section in the inlet flow path.

[0016] Such a nuclear shelter ventilation system is easy to maintain because it is easy to determine whether the filter is clogged and when it needs to be replaced by checking the detection value of the filter differential pressure gauge. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a top view of a nuclear shelter ventilation system according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a first side view of the nuclear shelter ventilation system shown in FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a second side view of the nuclear shelter ventilation system shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an external view of the damper drive unit in the nuclear shelter ventilation system shown in FIG. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is an external view of the damper section and the damper drive section in the nuclear shelter ventilation system shown in FIG. 1, as viewed from the flow path direction. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing the opening and closing operation of the introduction flow path by the damper portion. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing the control of the damper control unit in the nuclear shelter ventilation system shown in FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a top view of the filter section and its surroundings in the nuclear shelter ventilation system shown in FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a side view of the periphery of the filter portion shown in FIG. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a block diagram conceptually showing the role of each part in a nuclear shelter having the nuclear shelter ventilation system shown in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0018] Fig. 1 is a top view of the exterior shape of a nuclear shelter ventilation system 10 (hereinafter also simply referred to as "ventilation system 10") according to one embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from above. Fig. 2 is a first side view of the nuclear shelter ventilation system 10 shown in Fig. 1, as viewed from a horizontal direction, and Fig. 3 is a second side view of the nuclear shelter ventilation system 10 shown in Fig. 1, as viewed from a horizontal direction perpendicular to Fig. 2. In Figs. 1 to 3, the exterior shape of a nuclear shelter 80 equipped with the nuclear shelter ventilation system 10 is shown by a dashed line.

[0019] 1 to 3, the ventilation system 10 has a piping section 14. Inside the piping section 14, an introduction flow path 16 (see FIG. 10) is formed that can introduce air from the outside of the nuclear shelter 80 into a protected space 86 (see FIG. 10) formed inside the nuclear shelter 80.

[0020] Fig. 10 is a block diagram conceptually showing the relationship between the various parts of a nuclear shelter 80 having the ventilation system 10 shown in Fig. 1. The overall configuration of the nuclear shelter 80 and the ventilation system 10 will be described mainly with reference to the external views shown in Figs. 1 to 3 and the block diagram shown in Fig. 10.

[0021] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the piping section 14 of the ventilation system 10 is attached to the inside of the ceiling wall portion of the outer wall portion 82 of the nuclear shelter 80. However, the piping section 14 is not limited to being attached to the ceiling wall portion, and a structure in which it is attached to the side wall portion or bottom wall portion of the nuclear shelter 80 is also considered.

[0022] 1 to 3, the piping section 14 has a cylindrical or angular hollow tubular outer shape, and defines an introduction flow path 16 (see FIG. 10, etc.) therein. A part of the piping section 14 is composed of a damper peripheral wall 21 in which a damper section 20 (described later) is disposed, a fan box 31 incorporating a fan 30, a filter box 41 incorporating a filter section 40, and the like.

[0023] As shown in Fig. 10, introduction flow path 16 formed by piping section 14 connects the outside of nuclear shelter 80 with a protected space 86 formed inside nuclear shelter 80. As shown in Figs. 1 to 3, the external end of piping section 14 that forms introduction flow path 16 is connected to an external air introduction port 84 that is formed in the ceiling wall of nuclear shelter 80. On the other hand, outlet 17, which is the end opposite to the external end of piping section 14 that forms introduction flow path 16, opens into protected space 86.

[0024] 1 to 3, a damper section 20, a fan 30 provided in a fan box 31, and a filter section 40 provided in a filter box 41 are disposed in the piping section 14 and the inlet flow path 16. As shown in Fig. 1, at least a portion of the piping section 14 is bent into an L shape, with the damper section 20 disposed on one side of the bent section of the piping section 14, and the fan box 31, the fan 30, the filter box 41, and the filter section 40 disposed on the other side.

[0025] By bending the piping section 14, it becomes easier to form the ventilation system 10 in the limited space of the nuclear shelter 80. In addition, by arranging the damper section 20 on one side of the bent section, the distance between the damper section 20 and the fan 30 and the filter section 40 can be increased, and the propagation of the blast to the inside can be prevented. In addition, by arranging the fan 30 and the filter section 40 in a straight line, the fan 30 can efficiently form an airflow passing through the filter section 40. However, the piping section 14 does not necessarily need to be bent as shown in the embodiment, and it is also possible to adopt a piping section in which the damper section 20, the fan 30, and the filter section 40 are arranged in a straight line.

[0026] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the ventilation system 10 has a damper section 20 provided in the piping section 14. As described below, the damper section 20 can close and open the introduction flow path 16 formed in the piping section 14. As shown in Figures 1 to 3 and 10, the damper section 20 is provided on the outer side of the introduction flow path 16 with respect to the fan 30 and the filter section 40.

[0027] Fig. 4 is an external view of the damper drive unit 24 in the ventilation system 10 shown in Fig. 1 etc., and Fig. 5 is an external view of the damper unit 20 and the damper drive unit 24 in the ventilation system 10 as viewed from the flow path direction of the introduction flow path 16. As shown in Fig. 5, the damper unit 20 has a substantially disk-like shape and is rotatably provided in the introduction flow path 16. The rotation axis of the disk-like damper unit 20 can be rotated by the damper drive unit 24 arranged outside the introduction flow path 16.

[0028] 4 and 5 has an electric motor or the like, and operates the damper section 20 with electric energy. The damper drive section 24 has a wireless communication section 25, and is capable of wireless communication with the damper control section 28 shown in FIG. 7. By having the wireless communication section 25 in the damper drive section 24, wiring work related to the ventilation system 10 can be simplified. However, the damper drive section 24 may be connected to the damper control section 28 by wire, and signal exchange between the damper drive section 24 and the damper control section 28 may be by wired communication or wireless communication.

[0029] Fig. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing the opening and closing operation of the introduction flow path 16 by the damper section 20. As shown by the solid line in Fig. 6, when the disk-shaped damper section 20 is in a first position P1 where the disk-shaped damper section 20 is substantially horizontal, the damper section 20 opens the introduction flow path 16, and outside air is introduced into the protected space 86 (see Fig. 10) through the introduction flow path 16.

[0030] On the other hand, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 6, when the disk-shaped damper section 20 is in a second position P2 where the damper section 20 is substantially vertical, the damper section 20 closes the inlet flow passage 16, and the inlet flow passage 16 on the protected space 86 side of the damper section 20 is shielded from the outside. The outer diameter of the damper section 20 is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the cylindrical damper peripheral wall 21, which is a part of the periphery of the damper section 20 in the piping section 14, and it is also preferable to perform a caulking process to improve airtightness at the contact portion between the damper section 20 and the damper peripheral wall 21. When the damper section 20 is in the second position P2, the contact portion between the outer periphery of the damper section 20 and the inner periphery of the damper peripheral wall 21 has high airtightness. The amount of leakage from the contact portion when the damper section 20 closes the inlet flow passage 16 can be, for example, 0.1 m3 / min·mm2 or less at a pressure difference of 0.1 kPa, but is not particularly limited.

[0031] The rotational movement of the damper section 20 from the first position P1 to the second position P2 indicated by the thin arrow in Fig. 6 is performed by the damper driving section 24 shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5. The rotational movement of the damper section 20 from the second position P2 to the first position P1 is similar. In addition, in a state in which the damper section 20 opens the introduction flow path 16, the damper section 20 may be located at the first position P1, or at any position other than the second position P2. For example, the damper control section 28 described later can adjust the position (rotation angle) of the damper section 20 by driving the damper driving section 24 to adjust the opening amount of the introduction flow path 16.

[0032] 10, the ventilation system 10 has a damper control unit 28 that controls the damper driving unit 24. The ventilation system 10 also has a blast detection unit 34 that outputs a detection signal S1 to the damper control unit 28, and a switch 38 that sends an operation signal S2 to the damper control unit 28.

[0033] 10, the blast detection unit 34 is provided on the outer side of the damper unit 20 in the introduction flow path 16. The blast detection unit 34 detects a blast generated by a nuclear explosion or the like occurring outside the nuclear shelter 80 by detecting at least one of the pressure and flow velocity at the position where the blast detection unit 34 is provided. The blast detection unit 34 detects the occurrence of a blast from the detected value of at least one of the pressure and flow velocity, and outputs a detection signal to the damper control unit 28.

[0034] Meanwhile, the switch 38 is provided in the protected space 86 of the nuclear shelter 80, and can be operated by evacuees taking refuge in the protected space 86. The switch 38 detects the operation by the evacuees, etc., and sends an operation signal S2 to the damper control unit 28. By operating the switch 38, the evacuees, etc. taking refuge in the nuclear shelter 80 can open the introduction flow path 16 that was closed by the damper unit 20 upon detection of the blast, without leaving the protected space 86, and can resume the introduction of air into the protected space 86 by the ventilation system 10.

[0035] Fig. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing the control of the damper control unit 28 in the ventilation system 10. As shown in Fig. 7, the damper control unit 28 controls the damper drive unit 24 using a detection signal S1 input from the blast detection unit 34, an operation signal S2 input from a switch 38, and the like, and can open or close the introduction flow path 16 formed by the piping unit 14. The damper control unit 28 is composed of an integrated circuit or the like.

[0036] That is, the damper control unit 28 can perform a first control to control the damper drive unit 24 so that the damper unit 20 closes the introduction flow path 16, based on a detection signal S1 from the blast detection unit 34. Also, the damper control unit 28 can perform a second control to control the damper drive unit 24 so that the damper unit 20 opens the introduction flow path 16, based on an operation signal S2 from the switch 38.

[0037] The first control is performed when the blast detection unit 34 detects a blast. As shown in FIG. 7, the blast detection unit 34 is composed of a differential pressure detector connected to an orifice ring 36 installed in the inlet flow path 16, and detects the flow velocity of air flowing through the inlet flow path 16. A first measurement port 34a of the differential pressure detector constituting the blast detection unit 34 is connected to a first outlet 36a of the orifice ring 36, and a second measurement port 34b of the differential pressure detector is connected to a second outlet 36b of the orifice ring 36. When the blast detection unit 34 detects an extremely high flow velocity such as that caused by a blast, it sends a detection signal S1 to the damper control unit 28.

[0038] The damper control unit 28, which has received the detection signal S1 from the blast detection unit 34, sends a control signal to the damper drive unit 24 as shown in Fig. 7 to move the damper unit 20 to the second position P2 shown in Fig. 6, thereby closing the introduction flow path 16. By having the damper control unit 28 perform this kind of first control, it is possible to prevent the blast wave or shock wave generated by an explosion or the like from propagating into the protected space 86 via the introduction flow path 16, and to protect evacuees in the protected space 86 from the blast wave or shock wave.

[0039] The second control is performed when switch 38 in protected space 86 is operated. Although switch 38 shown in FIG. 7 is a push button switch, switch 38 is not limited to a push button switch. Any type of switch that can be operated by an evacuee, such as a toggle switch, a dip switch, a slide switch, or a rotary switch, can be used as switch 38. Switch 38 detects operation by an evacuee (pressing the button in the case of a push button switch shown in FIG. 7) and outputs an operation signal S2 to damper control unit 28.

[0040] The damper control unit 28, which has received the operation signal S2 from the switch 38, sends a control signal to the damper drive unit 24 as shown in Fig. 7 to move the damper unit 20 to a position other than the first position P1 or the second position P2 shown in Fig. 6, thereby opening the introduction flow path 16. By performing this type of second control by the damper control unit 28, the introduction flow path 16 that was closed by the first control or the like can be reopened, and the introduction of air into the protected space 86 by the ventilation system 10 can be resumed.

[0041] 10, the ventilation system 10 has a gas component detection unit 48 provided in the protected space 86. The gas component detection unit 48 detects the concentration of at least one of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the protected space 86, and performs an alarm operation according to the detection result.

[0042] As described above, in the ventilation system 10, the damper unit 20 closes the inlet flow passage 16 by the first control, and the evacuees in the protected space 86 can be protected from blast waves and shock waves. However, if the inlet flow passage 16 remains closed for a certain period of time or more, there is a concern that the oxygen concentration in the protected space 86 will decrease and the carbon dioxide concentration will increase, hindering the evacuees' breathing. However, in the ventilation system 10, the gas component detection unit 48 detects the decrease in oxygen concentration and the increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the protected space 86 and performs a warning operation.

[0043] The warning action performed by the gas component detection unit 48 may be, for example, the generation of a warning sound or the illumination or blinking of a warning light, but any action may be used as long as it notifies the evacuees of an abnormality. The warning action of the gas component detection unit 48 enables the evacuees to recognize the decrease in oxygen concentration within the protected space 86, and therefore, for example, by operating the switch 38 to open the introduction flow path 16, an excessive decrease in the oxygen concentration within the protected space 86 can be prevented.

[0044] A fan 30 is provided inside the fan box 31 shown in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 10, the fan 30 is provided on the protective space 86 side of the damper unit 20 in the inlet flow passage 16. The fan 30 forms an airflow in the inlet flow passage. The fan 30 may be a blower fan, an axial fan, a centrifugal fan, or the like, but is not particularly limited as long as it can form an airflow in the inlet flow passage 16 that passes through a filter with a high particle collection rate, such as a HEPA filter. As shown by the arrow in FIG. 10, the fan 30 forms an airflow in the inlet flow passage 16 that flows from an inlet 84 connected to the outside to an outlet 17 that opens into the protective space 86. As shown in FIG. 10, a fan switch 32 that switches the fan 30 ON / OFF is provided in the protective space 86. For example, in a state in which the damper unit 20 closes the inlet flow passage 16, an evacuee in the protective space 86 can operate the fan switch 32 to stop the operation of the fan 30.

[0045] A filter unit 40 is built into the filter box 41 shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 8 is a top view of the filter box 41 of the ventilation system 10, and FIG. 9 is a side view of the filter box 41. As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the filter unit 40 is attached to the filter box 41 so as to block the inlet flow path 16, and removes predetermined substances such as fine particles and harmful substances mixed in the air from the air passing through the inlet flow path 16. For example, a HEPA filter or the like can be used as the filter unit 40, and it is preferable to use a HEPA filter with a high collection efficiency equivalent to or higher than H14 class (EN-1822-1) in order to ensure the safety of the protected space 86 even in the event of a nuclear explosion.

[0046] 8 and 9, in addition to filter section 40, a pre-filter 42 is provided upstream of filter section 40 inside filter box 41. Filter box 41 is formed with an opening / closing section 43, and by opening opening / closing section 43, filter section 40 and pre-filter 42 inside filter box 41 can be replaced.

[0047] 9 and 10, the ventilation system 10 is provided in a filter box 41 that is part of the inlet flow path 16, and has a filter differential pressure gauge 44 that detects the differential pressure before and after the filter section 40 in the inlet flow path 16. By checking the detected value of the filter differential pressure gauge 44, the manager of the nuclear shelter 80 and the ventilation system 10 can recognize the clogging state of the filter section 40 and when it is time to replace it.

[0048] As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 10, the filter section 50 is provided on the protective space 86 side of the damper section 20 in the inlet flow path 16. The fan 30 described above is provided between the damper section 20 and the filter section 40 in the inlet flow path 16. By arranging in this manner, the ventilation system 10 can reduce the size of the fan 30 and ensure quietness even when a filter section 40 with a high particle collection rate such as a HEPA filter is adopted. In addition, by arranging the fan 30 and the filter section 40 on the protective space 86 side of the damper section 20, the fan 30 and the filter section 40 can be protected from the blast when a blast occurs.

[0049] 1 and 10, in the ventilation system 10, the damper section 20, which automatically and electrically closes the introduction flow path 16 upon detection of a blast by the blast detection section 34, is disposed upstream (on the outside side) of the introduction flow path 16 in which the fan 30 and the filter section 40 are disposed. As a result, the ventilation system 10 operates favorably as a ventilation system that introduces air into the protected space 86 via the introduction flow path 16 under normal circumstances, and the damper section 20 automatically closes the introduction flow path 16 upon detection of a blast, thereby ensuring a high level of safety for the protected space 86 in an emergency.

[0050] In addition, by using the blast detection unit 34 and the damper unit 20 operated by electrical energy, the ventilation system 10 can set the operating conditions of the damper unit 20 with higher accuracy than the conventional technology that employs a mechanically operated explosion-proof valve such as a spring. Therefore, the ventilation system 10 can use the filter unit 40 with a higher particle collection rate and the more powerful fan 30 in combination with an automatic closing system for the introduction flow path 16 in an emergency (evacuation), such as the blast detection unit 34 and the damper unit 20. Such a ventilation system 10 can safely introduce air from the outside into the protected space 86 both during normal times and during evacuation.

[0051] In addition, in the ventilation system 10, the damper drive unit 24, the damper control unit 28, and the blast detection unit 34 are operated by electrical energy, so that operation checks can be performed relatively easily and maintenance is easy. In addition, such a ventilation system 10 can ensure a high level of operational reliability and safety of the nuclear shelter 80.

[0052] Although the nuclear shelter ventilation system 10 according to the present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiment, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and it goes without saying that many other embodiments and examples are included in the technical scope of the present invention. For example, the blast detection unit 34 is not limited to a differential pressure detector that detects the flow velocity as shown in FIG. 7, but a differential pressure detector that detects external pressure can also be adopted. When the blast detection unit 34 that detects pressure is adopted, for example, the blast detection unit 34 can be arranged in the introduction flow path 16 so that the first measurement port 34a of the differential pressure detector faces the outside side (the introduction port 84 side) and the second measurement port 34b faces the protected space 86 (the blowout port 17) side. In addition, the blast detection unit 34 can also be arranged outside the introduction port 84, that is, outside the outer wall 82 of the shelter.

[0053] Furthermore, for example, gas component detection unit 48 may not only issue a warning, but also automatically operate damper unit 20 to open introduction flow path 16 or operate fan 30 to automatically ventilate protected space 86 when the oxygen concentration or the like falls below a set value. Furthermore, fan switch 32 may automatically stop fan 30 when damper unit 20 closes introduction flow path 16. [Explanation of symbols]

[0054] 10. Nuclear shelter ventilation system 14…Piping section 16…Inlet channel 17…Air outlet 20…Damper section 21…Damper surrounding wall 24…Damper drive unit 25…Radio communication section 28…Damper control section 30…Fan 31. Fan Box 32...Fan switch 34...Blast detection unit 34a…First measurement port 34b…Second measurement port S1: Detection signal 36...Orifice ring 36a…1st outlet 36b…Second outlet 38…Switch S2…operation signal 40…Filter section 41…Filter box 42…Pre-filter 43…Opening and closing section 44...Differential pressure gauge for filters 48...Gas component detector 80…Nuclear shelter 82…Shelter exterior wall 84...Entrance 86…Protected space

Claims

1. A piping section that forms an introduction flow path that can introduce air into the protected space from the outside; a damper portion provided in the piping portion so as to be capable of closing and opening the introduction flow path; A damper driving unit that operates the damper unit using electrical energy; A damper control unit that controls the damper driving unit; a fan that is provided in the introduction flow path on the side of the protection space relative to the damper portion and that forms an airflow in the introduction flow path; a filter section that is provided in the inlet flow path on the side of the protection space relative to the damper section and that removes predetermined substances from the air passing through the inlet flow path; a blast detection unit having an orifice ring provided on the outer side of the damper unit in the introduction flow path, detecting a flow velocity and outputting a detection signal to the damper control unit; a switch provided in the protection space and configured to send an operation signal to the damper control unit; The damper control unit performs a first control to control the damper drive unit so that the damper unit closes the introduction flow path based on the detection signal from the blast detection unit, and a second control to control the damper drive unit so that the damper unit opens the introduction flow path based on the operation signal from the switch, A nuclear shelter ventilation system, wherein the blast detection unit is a differential pressure detector having a first measurement port and a second measurement port connected to the first outlet and the second outlet of the orifice ring.

2. 2. The nuclear shelter ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein the fan is provided in the inlet flow path between the damper section and the filter section.

3. 2. A nuclear shelter ventilation system as described in claim 1, further comprising a gas component detection unit provided within the protected space, which detects the concentration of at least one of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the protected space and performs an alarm operation in accordance with the detection result.

4. 2. The nuclear shelter ventilation system according to claim 1, further comprising a filter differential pressure gauge provided in the inlet flow path for detecting a differential pressure before and after the filter section in the inlet flow path.

5. A nuclear shelter ventilation system as described in claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the piping section is bent in an L shape, the damper section is arranged on one side of the bent section of the piping section, and the fan and filter section are arranged on the other side.

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