Biotope experiment facility and aquatic life conservation facility

Abstract

To provide a biotope experimental facility that is useful for biodiversity conservation and is suitable for studying the habitat and growth environment of animals and plants, and to provide a conservation facility for aquatic life that can be used for environmental conservation by utilizing the biotope experimental facility.SOLUTION: A biotope experimental facility 1 comprises a pond water channel 10 through which the pond water from a pond 2 flows from a supply trough 7 side toward a discharge trough 3 side, experimental ponds 12a to 12c provided in the pond water channel to store the pond water, and water level adjustment means 15 provided in the experimental ponds for adjusting the water levels of the respective experimental ponds. In the conservation facility for aquatic life 1, the pond 2 of the biotope experimental facility is composed of ponds that require the conservation of aquatic life.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a biotope experimental facility that is useful for the conservation of biodiversity and is suitable for studying the habitats and growth environments of animals and plants, and to a conservation facility for aquatic organisms that utilizes the biotope experimental facility and can be used for environmental conservation. [Background technology]

[0002] Animals and plants naturally live and grow in natural environments. For example, Patent Document 1 is known as a technology related to a system that supports plant growth. The "reed seedling raising system, seedling raising method using the same, and reed transplanting method" of Patent Document 1 is generally composed of a seedbed, a water supply facility that supplies water to the seedbed, and a germination and rooting reservoir. The seedbed is constructed by laying seedbed materials at the bottom and filling the seedbed with water so that the water level is higher than the top of the seedbed materials. The water supply facility is composed of an open-type water tank that stores water conveyed from a river as a water source, and a water supply pipe that connects the open-type water tank to the seedbed, and the water supplied from the water supply facility flows in the seedbed and the germination and rooting reservoir. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2003-143942 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] As part of efforts to protect the global natural environment, the protection of diverse living organisms is being advocated, and there is a need for the development of experimental facilities for studying the habitats and growth environments of animals and plants, which will contribute to the conservation of biodiversity.

[0005] It is also hoped that research results will be reflected in order to achieve environmental conservation that is compatible with biodiversity.

[0006] The present invention has been devised in consideration of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and aims to provide a biotope experimental facility that is useful for the conservation of biodiversity and is suitable for researching the habitats and growth environments of animals and plants, and a conservation facility for aquatic organisms that utilizes the biotope experimental facility and can be used for environmental conservation. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The biotope experimental facility of the present invention is characterized by comprising a pond water channel through which pond water from a pond flows from a supply section to a discharge section, an experimental pond provided in the pond water channel in which the pond water is stored, and a water level adjustment means provided within the experimental pond for adjusting the water level of the experimental pond.

[0008] The experimental pond is provided with a pond water circulation system which supplies pond water from the discharge section to the supply section and circulates it to the pond, a pond water level adjustment means which adjusts the water level of the pond, a water intake means which supplies pond water to the pond water channel, and an inflow adjustment means which adjusts the amount of pond water flowing from the pond water channel to the experimental pond, and the discharge section is a water supply source into which pond water discharged via the pond water level adjustment means and the water level adjustment means, as well as surplus pond water released from the pond water channel, flows and which supplies water to the pond water circulation system.

[0009] The pond waterway is provided with a plurality of experimental ponds, which are excavated to different depths.

[0010] The pond water channel is characterized by being equipped with a well water supply system that supplies well water.

[0011] The aquatic organism conservation facility according to the present invention is characterized in that the pond in the biotope experimental facility is a pond requiring the conservation of aquatic organisms. Effect of the Invention

[0012] The biotope experimental facility of the present invention allows convenient research into the habitats and growth environments of animals and plants in ponds, which can be useful in conserving biodiversity. Furthermore, the aquatic life conservation facility of the present invention can be used to ideally conserve the environment for aquatic life by utilizing the biotope experimental facility. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] 1 is a configuration diagram showing a preferred embodiment of a biotope experimental facility and an aquatic organism conservation facility according to the present invention. FIG. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a water level adjusting means provided in the facility of FIG. 1. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of the water level adjustment means shown in FIG. 2. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the height positional relationship of an experimental pond provided in the facility shown in FIG. 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0014] A preferred embodiment of a biotope experimental facility according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] As shown in Fig. 1, the biotope experimental facility 1 according to this embodiment is configured to include a pond 2. The pond 2 may be one that is naturally created or one that is artificially constructed.

[0016] At the edge 2a of the pond 2, a discharge basin 3 is provided as a discharge section for collecting pond water discharged from the pond 2. The discharge basin 3 is provided, for example, at a position lower than the lowest water level among the managed water levels set in the pond 2.

[0017] Between the discharge basin 3 and the pond 2, a drainage weir 4 with an adjustable opening angle is installed as a pond water level adjustment means for adjusting the water level of the pond 2. The controlled water level controls the amount of water in the pond 2. The pond water is drained by opening the drainage weir 4 to adjust the water level, and flows into the discharge basin 3 to be collected.

[0018] The pond 2 is equipped with a pond water circulation system 5 that supplies pond water from a discharge manhole 3 to a supply manhole 7, which serves as a supply section, and circulates the water in the pond 2.

[0019] The pond water circulation system 5 is composed of a water supply pump 6 installed in the discharge manhole 3 to supply the pond water stored in the discharge manhole 3, a supply manhole 7 installed at the end 2b of the pond 2 to store the pond water sent from the supply pump 6, a circulation piping 8 that connects the supply manhole 7 and the supply pump 6 to send the pond water, and a return pump 9 installed in the supply manhole 7 to return the pond water in the supply manhole 7 to the pond 2.

[0020] It is preferable that the pond water is circulated from the supply manhole 7 to the second pond by the return pump 9 toward the end 2b of the pond 2 opposite the discharge manhole 3. Therefore, the discharge manhole 3 serves as a water supply source when the pond water circulation system 5 circulates the pond water.

[0021] In this embodiment, the discharge manhole 3 and the supply manhole 7 respectively refer to the place where pond water is discharged and the place where pond water is supplied in the biotope experimental facility 1. For example, when the pond 2 is on a slope, the discharge manhole 3 and the supply manhole 7 are installed along the slope at a low position and at a high position, respectively.

[0022] A pond water channel 10 is provided on the side of the pond 2, adjacent to the pond 2, with its supply side end 10a positioned near a supply manhole 7 provided at the edge 2b of the pond 2 and its discharge side end 10b connected to the discharge manhole 3.

[0023] The pond water channel 10 may be dug down from the ground surface and formed as a channel open to the atmosphere, for example, into which rainwater pours, or may be formed as a culvert.

[0024] The supply manhole 7 is provided with a water intake pump 11 as a water intake means for taking in a portion of the pond water in the supply manhole 7 and supplying it to the pond water channel 10. A portion of the pond water is taken in and supplied to the pond water channel 10 by the water intake pump 11 from the supply side end 10a by the water intake pump 11.

[0025] The pond water channel 10 is formed as a sloping waterway so that pond water taken from the supply manhole 7 flows naturally down from the supply manhole 7 side (supply side end 10a) to the discharge manhole 3 side (discharge side end 10b) and into the discharge manhole 3.

[0026] The pond water flowing through the pond water channel 10 is supplied to experimental ponds 12a to 12c (described later), and excess pond water is discharged into a discharge basin 3.

[0027] The pond water channel 10 is provided with experimental ponds 12a-12c in which the taken pond water is stored via a branch channel 13. In the illustrated example, three experimental ponds 12a-12c are provided, but it goes without saying that only one may be provided.

[0028] The experimental ponds 12a to 12c are formed by digging the ground around the pond 2 and storing pond water in holes formed therein.

[0029] In the branch flow path 13 between the experimental ponds 12a to 12c and the pond water channel 10, a weir 14 with an adjustable opening is provided as an inflow adjustment means for adjusting the amount of water flowing from the pond water channel 10 into the experimental ponds 12a to 12c.

[0030] The experimental ponds 12a to 12c are provided with water level adjustment means 15 for adjusting the water levels of the experimental ponds 12a to 12c. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the water level adjustment means 15 is installed at the intake port 16a of the discharge pipe 16 buried in the bottom of the experimental ponds 12a to 12c.

[0031] The water level adjustment means 15 is provided by attaching and fixing a bottom plate 17 having a lower water passage hole 17a to the discharge pipe 16 to cover the upwardly opening water intake 16a, a screw shaft 18 is provided on the bottom plate 17 so as to be rotatable, rising from the center position, and a pair of guide rods 19 are provided on both sides of the screw shaft 18, and these guide rods 19 are inserted so as to prevent rotation, and a nut 20 that screws onto the screw shaft 18 is fixed. A top plate 21 having an upper water passage hole 21a is provided facing the bottom plate 17, and an impermeable bellows-like sleeve 22 that is vertically expandable is provided between the top plate 21 and the bottom plate 17. A hemispherical mesh body (not shown in Figure 2) 23 is provided on top of the top plate 21, through which the guide rods 19 and the screw shaft 18 pass, to prevent foreign matter from flowing into the discharge pipe 16. The upper ends of the pair of guide rods 19 are connected and fixed to a band-shaped U-shaped frame 24 that is attached and fixed to the outside of the discharge pipe 16 so as to sandwich the bottom plate 17. The upper end of the screw shaft 18 is connected to a rotation operating handle 25 above, having passed through the U-shaped frame 24. Furthermore, a tubular mesh body 26 is provided on the outside of the U-shaped frame 24, surrounding the bellows-shaped sleeve 22, to prevent foreign matter from accumulating around the bellows-shaped sleeve 22 and causing the water level adjustment means 15 to malfunction.

[0032] The water level of the experimental ponds 12a to 12c is determined by the position of the upper water passage 21a of the top plate 21, and the pond water above that position flows from the upper water passage 21a into the bellows-shaped sleeve 22 and is drained into the discharge pipe 16 through the lower water passage 17a of the bottom plate 17.

[0033] The top plate 21, which determines the position of the upper water passage hole 21a, is rotated by manually rotating the screw shaft 18 using the rotating handle 25.The top plate 21, which is prevented from rotating by a pair of guide rods 19, moves up and down in the height direction of the screw shaft 18 as the bellows-shaped sleeve 22 expands and contracts.

[0034] By vertically moving the top plate 21, the position of the upper water hole 21a for adjusting the water level of the experimental ponds 12a to 12c is moved vertically, and the water level of the experimental ponds 12a to 12c is adjusted (see water level adjustment range H in FIG. 3).

[0035] When the top plate 21 of the water level adjustment means 15 is moved up and down to adjust the water level, the bellows-shaped sleeve 22 expands and contracts, so there is no need to change the height position of the bottom plate 17. Unlike a structure in which the entire water level adjustment means must be moved up and down, there is no need to excavate the bottoms of the experimental ponds 12a to 12c deeper than necessary.

[0036] The screw shaft 18 may be rotated by a motor drive system that is remotely operated without manually operating the rotation operation handle 25.

[0037] As shown in FIG. 1, the discharge pipe 16 is connected at a meeting point 28 to a drainage pipe 27 extended from the discharge basin 3, and the pond water discharged from the experimental ponds 12a to 12c by the water level adjustment means 15 is discharged toward the discharge basin 3 and collected.

[0038] In this embodiment, a plurality of branch channels 13 are connected in parallel to the pond water channel 10, and a plurality of experimental ponds 12a to 12c (first to third experimental ponds) are provided in parallel via these branch channels 13.

[0039] These experimental ponds 12a to 12c are excavated at different depths from the ground surface along a sloping pond water channel 10 extending from the supply manhole 7 to the discharge manhole 3 in order to create different environments for the habitat and growth of animals and plants.

[0040] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, the excavation depth D2 of the second experimental pond 12b is set deeper than the excavation depth D1 of the first experimental pond 12a (D2>D1), and the excavation depth D3 of the third experimental pond 12c is set even deeper than the excavation depths D1, D2 of the first and second experimental ponds 12a, 12b (D3>D2>D1).

[0041] In the illustrated example, one experimental pond 12a-12c is provided for each branch channel 13, but a single branch channel 13 may be branched to provide multiple experimental ponds, in which case the excavation depths of the experimental ponds may be the same or different.

[0042] The biotope experimental facility 1 according to this embodiment is further provided with a well water supply system 30 for pumping up well water from a well 29 and supplying it to the pond 2 and the experimental ponds 12a to 12c and adjusting the water temperature therein.

[0043] The well water supply system 30 is composed of a well 29 constructed, for example, near the supply manhole 7, a pumping pump 31 that pumps well water from the well 29, and a water supply pipe 33 that has an on-off valve 32 and is connected to the pumping pump 31, and that supplies the well water to the pond 2, the supply end 10a of the pond water channel 10, and each branch flow path 13 when the on-off valve 32 is opened.

[0044] In addition, as auxiliary equipment, a water thermometer 34 and a camera 35 for control and observation are provided at appropriate positions in each of the experimental ponds 12a to 12c and pond 2.

[0045] The pumping pump 31 of the well water supply system 30 is operated or stopped and the on-off valve 32 is opened or closed according to the water temperature detected by the water thermometer 34. By operating the pumping pump 31 to supply well water, the water temperature at each location can be adjusted.

[0046] Specifically, in the summer, when the water temperature is high, well water is supplied to lower the water temperature, whereas in the winter, when the water temperature is low, well water is supplied to raise the water temperature.

[0047] The operation of the biotope experimental facility 1 according to this embodiment will be described below. The pond 2 provides a natural environment that comprehensively reflects biodiversity, and various animals and plants live and grow in it. The water level of the pond 2 is usually regulated by opening and closing the drainage weir 4, and surplus pond water is discharged from the pond 2, including during rainfall, and collected in the discharge basin 3.

[0048] The pond water circulation system 5 is operated by operating the water supply pump 6 in the discharge manhole 3 and the return pump 9 in the supply manhole 7. When the pond water circulation system 5 is operated, the pond water in the discharge manhole 3 is supplied to the supply manhole 7 by the water supply pump 6, and the pond water in the supply manhole 7 is circulated and supplied to the pond 2 by the return pump 9. Any increase in the amount of pond water supplied is collected in the discharge manhole 3 by opening the drainage weir 4. While the pond water is circulated to the pond 2 by the pond water circulation system 5, the water in that pond 2 can be replaced sequentially.

[0049] When pond water is to be stored in the experimental ponds 12a to 12c, the weir 14 of the branch flow path 13 is opened and the water intake pump 11 is operated to supply pond water from the supply manhole 7 to the pond water channel 10, and the pond water flowing through the pond water channel 10 is guided from the branch flow path 13 to the experimental ponds 12a to 12c. Pond water flows into the experimental ponds 12a to 12c and is stored there. Therefore, the pond water in the experimental ponds 12a to 12c has the same water quality as the pond water in pond 2. The water levels of the experimental ponds 12a to 12c are adjusted by the height position of the top plate 21 of the water level adjustment means 15, and excess pond water is discharged from the discharge pipe 16 toward the discharge manhole 3 and collected.

[0050] In the management and operation of the experimental ponds 12a to 12c after the pond water is stored, the amount of pond water inflowing into the experimental ponds 12a to 12c is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the weir 14. In the experimental ponds 12a to 12c as well, the increase in the amount of inflowing pond water caused by the opening of the weir 14 is discharged and collected from the water level adjustment means 15 through the discharge pipe 16 to the discharge basin 3. By setting the top plate 21 of the water level adjustment means 15 to the lowest height position, it is possible to drain almost all of the pond water from the experimental ponds 12a to 12c.

[0051] Specific animals can be transferred from the pond 2 to the experimental ponds 12a to 12c, or specific plants can be transplanted thereinto, thereby creating individual environments useful for research.

[0052] Since the water levels of the experimental ponds 12a-12c can be adjusted by the water level adjusting means 15, the water depth suitable for each of the organisms to be inhabited and grown can be set in the experimental ponds 12a-12c, making the experimental ponds 12a-12c highly flexible. In addition, by providing multiple experimental ponds 12a-12c, multiple research projects can be carried out simultaneously.

[0053] The multiple experimental ponds 12a to 12c are excavated at different depths, and therefore, by using the multiple experimental ponds 12a to 12c, it is possible to conduct experiments and research on the habitat and growth of animals and plants under a variety of different environments.

[0054] The water supply from the supply manhole 7 to the pond water channel 10 can be switched by operating or stopping the water intake pump 11, and the pond water can be allowed to flow into the pond water channel 10 at all times, or only when necessary.

[0055] The surplus pond water that flows through the pond water channel 10 and is not introduced into the experimental ponds 12a to 12c but is instead discharged flows into the discharge basin 3, which is the water supply source, so that the pond water can be used effectively without being wasted.

[0056] Well water can be appropriately supplied from a well water supply system 30 equipped with an on-off valve 32 to the pond 2, the pond water channel 10, and the branch channel 13, so that the water temperature in each location can be adjusted individually.

[0057] The biotope experimental facility 1 of this embodiment is equipped with a pond water channel 10 through which pond water from a pond 2 is channeled from a supply manhole 7 to a discharge manhole 3, experimental ponds 12a-12c provided in the pond water channel 10 and in which the pond water is stored, and a water level adjustment means 15 provided in the experimental ponds 12a-12c for adjusting the water level of the experimental ponds 12a-12c. The pond water experimental ponds 12a-12c allow convenient research into the habitat and growth environment of animals and plants in the pond 2 in various ways, which can be useful for the conservation of biodiversity. This can be utilized for compensatory mitigation, in which compensatory resources are provided as compensation for the environmental impacts caused by development activities.

[0058] The biotope experimental facility 1 according to this embodiment can be used as a conservation facility for aquatic organisms that inhabit and grow in the pond 2.

[0059] That is, by using a pond requiring conservation of aquatic life as the pond 2 in the biotope experimental facility 1 shown in FIG. 1, the aquatic life conservation facility 1 is constructed.

[0060] Water is introduced from a pond 2 in need of aquatic organism conservation via a pond water channel 10 into the experimental ponds 12a-12c, and organisms are transferred from the pond 2, so that the experimental ponds 12a-12c can be used as facilities for collecting data on the conservation of aquatic organisms. This allows the biotope experimental facility 1 to function as a conservation facility 1 for aquatic organisms that inhabit and grow in the pond 2 in need of aquatic organism conservation.

[0061] The above embodiment is not limited to the above, and various modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the opening degree of the drainage weir 4 and the weir 14 is freely adjustable, but they may be configured to be adjustable by the opening degree of a door or the like, or may be configured to have a wall-shaped weir member whose height position can be adjusted from the bottom of the flow path to a predetermined height. Also, the return pump 9 and the intake pump 11 are not essential, and the supply sump 7 may be directly connected to the end 2b of the pond 2 and the supply side end 10a of the pond water channel 10. [Explanation of symbols]

[0062] 1. Biotope experiment facility, aquatic life conservation facility 2 pond 3. Discharge box 4 Drainage weir 5 Pond water circulation system 7 Supply Box 10 Pond water canal 11 Water Intake Pump 12a~12c Experimental pond 14 Weir 15 Water level adjustment means 30 Well water supply system

Claims

1. A pond; A pond water channel through which pond water from the pond flows from a supply section to a discharge section; an experimental pond provided in the pond water channel and capable of storing pond water; A water level adjusting means is provided in the experimental pond and adjusts the water level of the experimental pond; a pond water circulation system that supplies pond water from the discharge section to the supply section and circulates the water in the pond; A pond water level adjusting means for adjusting the water level of the pond; A water intake means for supplying pond water to the pond water channel; an inflow adjustment means for adjusting the amount of water flowing into the experimental pond from the pond water channel; A biotope experimental facility characterized in that the discharge section is a water supply source into which the pond water discharged via the pond water level adjustment means and the water level regulation means, as well as excess pond water discharged from the pond water channel, flows in and supplies water to the pond water circulation system.

2. 2. The biotope experimental facility according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of experimental ponds are provided in the pond water channel, and the experimental ponds are excavated to different depths.

3. 3. The biotope experimental facility according to claim 1, further comprising a well water supply system for supplying well water to the pond water channel.

4. 4. An aquatic organism conservation facility, wherein the pond in the biotope experimental facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is a pond requiring the conservation of aquatic organisms.

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