Power supply and communication device

Abstract

This power-supply device comprises: a primary battery; a secondary battery that is connected in parallel to the primary battery; and an output terminal for outputting power from the secondary battery to the outside. The discharge capacity of the primary battery is greater than that of the secondary battery.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present technology relates to a power supply device and a communication device. [Background technology]

[0002] In today's information society, it has become common to communicate between various devices and transmit and receive data. As a result, with the increase in the frequency of communication between devices and the amount of data, development of power sources to be installed in the devices has progressed, and various technical proposals have been made (for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2004-096960 A Summary of the Invention

[0004] Here, a power supply device mounted on a small portable communication device is desired that has a large capacity to handle frequent and high-load communications, and that has a larger output current under high load.

[0005] It is therefore desirable to provide a power supply device that has a high volumetric energy density and is capable of performing a greater number of pulse discharges.

[0006] A power supply device according to one embodiment of the present technology includes a primary battery, a secondary battery connected in parallel with the primary battery, and an output terminal that outputs power from the secondary battery to the outside, and the discharge capacity of the primary battery is greater than the discharge capacity of the secondary battery.

[0007] In addition, a communication device according to another embodiment of the present technology includes a power supply unit, the power supply unit including a primary battery, a secondary battery connected in parallel with the primary battery, and an output terminal for outputting power from the secondary battery to the outside, and the discharge capacity of the primary battery is greater than the discharge capacity of the secondary battery.

[0008] A power supply device according to an embodiment of the present technology includes a primary battery and a secondary battery connected in parallel to the primary battery, and can output power from the secondary battery to the outside. This allows the power supply device according to the present embodiment to charge the secondary battery with the primary battery, which has a larger discharge capacity than the secondary battery. Therefore, the power supply device can increase the volumetric energy density of the power supply device and perform a greater number of pulse discharges.

[0009] Note that the effects of the present technology are not necessarily limited to the effects described here, but may be any of a series of effects related to the present technology described below. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a power supply device according to an embodiment of the present technology. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a graph showing an example of discharge characteristics of a single primary battery. [Diagram 3] FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of discharge characteristics of a secondary battery alone. [Figure 4] 1 is a graph showing an example of discharge characteristics of a secondary battery included in a power supply device according to a specific example. [Diagram 5] 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration example of a power supply device according to an embodiment of the present technology; [Figure 6] 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a power supply device according to a first embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 11 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a power supply device according to a fifth embodiment. [Figure 8] 11 is an equivalent circuit diagram of power supply devices according to Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3. FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 11 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a power supply device according to Comparative Example 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present technology will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The description will be given in the following order. 1.Power supply device 1-1.Circuit configuration 1-2.Electrical characteristics 1-3. Configuration example 2. Communications equipment

[0012] <1.Power supply> (1-1. Circuit configuration) First, a power supply device according to an embodiment of the present technology will be described with reference to Fig. 1. Fig. 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a power supply device 10 according to the present embodiment.

[0013] As shown in FIG. 1, power supply device 10 includes a primary battery 100, a secondary battery 200, and a rectifier element 300, and supplies power to a device 400 from positive and negative output terminals out-p and out-n.

[0014] The primary battery 100 is a chemical battery that can only discharge DC power, and the secondary battery 200 is a chemical battery that can be repeatedly discharged by charging. The primary battery 100 and the secondary battery 200 are connected in parallel, and the secondary battery 200, which has a lower internal resistance than the primary battery 100, is charged by the primary battery 100. The power charged in the secondary battery 200 is output to a device 400 electrically connected to positive and negative output terminals out-p and out-n.

[0015] Although the primary battery 100 has a larger discharge capacity than the secondary battery 200, it has a high internal resistance and tends to have a small output current. On the other hand, the secondary battery 200 has a larger output current than the primary battery 100, but needs to be charged before use and tends to have a small discharge capacity. The power supply device 10 according to this embodiment is capable of combining the current output of the secondary battery 200 and the discharge capacity of the primary battery 100 by connecting the primary battery 100 and the secondary battery 200 in parallel. As a result, the power supply device 10 according to this embodiment is capable of performing pulse discharge from the secondary battery 200 using the discharge capacity of the primary battery 100, and therefore is capable of performing pulse discharge more times.

[0016] The rectifying element 300 has a rectifying effect in which the direction in which current flows from the primary battery 100 to the secondary battery 200 is the forward direction, and is provided between the primary battery 100 and the secondary battery 200. Specifically, the rectifying element 300 is an element that passes current from the primary battery 100 to the secondary battery 200, but passes almost no current from the secondary battery 200 to the primary battery 100. By providing the rectifying element 300, the power supply device 10 can prevent discharge from the secondary battery 200 to the primary battery 100. The rectifying element 300 may be any of various diodes, such as a Schottky barrier diode.

[0017] The device 400 is an external device that is connected to the power supply apparatus 10 and receives power from the power supply apparatus 10. The device 400 receives power from the secondary battery 200 by being connected to the positive and negative output terminals out-p and out-n.

[0018] When the power supply device 10 having the above configuration is connected to the device 400, first, current is output from both the primary battery 100 and the secondary battery 200 to the device 400. Here, since the internal resistance (internal impedance) of the primary battery 100 is much higher than the internal resistance (internal impedance) of the secondary battery 200, the current output from the primary battery 100 to the device 400 is smaller than the current output from the secondary battery 200 to the device 400. In addition, since the rectifying element 300 is provided, when the voltage of the primary battery 100 becomes lower than the voltage of the secondary battery 200 due to a load fluctuation or the like, discharging from the primary battery 100 automatically stops, and substantially no current flows from the primary battery 100 to the device 400. Therefore, in the power supply device 10, a current is substantially output from the secondary battery 200 to the device 400.

[0019] That is, the power supply device 10 can supply power to the device 400 from the secondary battery 200 that is constantly charged from the primary battery 100. Specifically, since the secondary battery 200 is always in a float state, the power supplied to the device 400 is constantly charged from the primary battery 100. As a result, the secondary battery 200 is charged with power from the primary battery 100 before over-discharge occurs as long as the electric capacity stored in the primary battery 100 is not lost, so that over-discharge can be prevented without providing a discharge control circuit.

[0020] Therefore, the power supply device 10 according to this embodiment can obtain the discharge capacity of the primary battery 100, which is larger than the discharge capacity of the secondary battery 200, and can perform pulse discharge derived from the output characteristics of the secondary battery 200. This allows the power supply device 10 to supply power to the device 400 for a long period of time without externally charging the secondary battery 200. Furthermore, the power supply device 10 can perform pulse discharge on the device 400 more times than the secondary battery 200 alone.

[0021] Furthermore, since the secondary battery 200 can store a larger amount of power than other power storage elements such as a capacitor, the power supply device 10 according to this embodiment can supply a current for a sufficient period of time even in response to a momentary high load. For example, the power supply device 10 can supply a peak current of several hundred mA for several seconds in response to a momentary high load.

[0022] (1-2. Electrical characteristics) Next, an example of the electrical characteristics of the primary battery 100 and the secondary battery 200 constituting the power supply device 10 will be described with reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. Fig. 2 is a graph showing an example of the discharge characteristics of the primary battery 100 alone. Fig. 3 is a graph showing an example of the discharge characteristics of the secondary battery 200 alone.

[0023] The primary battery 100 may be a primary battery having a discharge range PD of 3.0 V to 2.0 V, such as a manganese dioxide lithium battery as shown in Fig. 2. The manganese dioxide lithium battery is a primary battery that uses manganese dioxide in the positive electrode and lithium in the negative electrode.

[0024] However, the primary battery 100 may be another type of primary battery as long as it satisfies the electrical characteristic relationship with the secondary battery 200 described below. As one example, the primary battery 100 may be a thionyl chloride lithium battery using thionyl chloride in the positive electrode and lithium in the negative electrode. The primary battery 100 may also be an alkaline manganese dry battery using manganese dioxide and graphite powder in the positive electrode and zinc in the negative electrode.

[0025] The secondary battery 200 may be a secondary battery whose discharge curve at least partially overlaps with the discharge region PD of the primary battery 100. In other words, the secondary battery 200 may be a secondary battery whose discharge curve intersects with the discharge curve of the primary battery 100.

[0026] Here, the discharge curves of the primary battery 100 and the secondary battery 200 are discharge curves obtained when the primary battery 100 and the secondary battery 200 are discharged at 0.01 C at standard temperature (20° C.). Also, the discharge capacities of the primary battery 100 and the secondary battery 200 are discharge capacities when discharged at 0.01 C in a predetermined voltage range according to each combination of the positive and negative electrodes of the primary battery 100 and the secondary battery 200.

[0027] For batteries of the same type as those listed in Table 1 of the Examples described later in this specification, the predetermined voltage range is the voltage range shown in Table 1. For batteries of a type not listed in Table 1 described later, whose specifications are defined in the battery itself or in accompanying documents, the voltage range or rated capacity defined in the specifications will be referred to as the predetermined voltage range or discharge capacity. Furthermore, even for batteries of a type not listed in Table 1 and whose specifications are not defined in the battery itself or in accompanying documents, if the battery contains lithium nickel oxide and Li(Ni,Co,Mn)O in the positive electrode, 2For a secondary battery containing an active material including a layered rock salt transition metal oxide mainly composed of nickel and manganese, such as those mentioned above, and containing an active material including carbon or silicon in the negative electrode, the predetermined voltage range is 4.2V to 2.0V.

[0028] When at least a part of the voltage of the discharge curve of the secondary battery 200 is lower than the voltage of the discharge curve of the primary battery 100, the secondary battery 200 can be charged from the primary battery 100 without boosting by being connected in parallel with the primary battery 100. In such a case, the power supply device 10 can charge the secondary battery 200 with the primary battery 100 without providing a boost circuit between the secondary battery 200 and the primary battery 100. Also, when at least a part of the voltage of the discharge curve of the secondary battery 200 is higher than the voltage of the discharge curve of the primary battery 100, the secondary battery 200 is not fully charged by charging from the primary battery 100, and charging is automatically stopped midway. In such a case, the power supply device 10 can suppress overcharging of the secondary battery 200 without providing a charge control circuit.

[0029] Furthermore, it is preferable that the discharge curve of the secondary battery 200 intersects with the discharge curve of the primary battery 100 at a point where the depth of discharge of the primary battery 100 is more than 0% and not more than 99%. In such a case, the secondary battery 200 is connected in parallel with the primary battery 100 and is charged at the depth of discharge that is normally used for the primary battery 100, so that the secondary battery 200 can be stably charged from the primary battery 100.

[0030] 3, the discharge curve of the secondary battery 200 is preferably not the discharge curve indicated by A but the discharge curve indicated by B or C. The discharge curve of the secondary battery 200 having the discharge curve indicated by B or C intersects with the discharge curve of the primary battery 100, so that the secondary battery 200 can be charged from the primary battery 100 without a boost circuit and can suppress the possibility of overcharging even without a charge control circuit.

[0031] An example of the secondary battery 200 capable of obtaining the discharge curve shown in B above is a lithium ion secondary battery containing a lithium-containing compound with an olivine structure in the positive electrode and one or more of graphite, a silicon-containing compound, and a tin-containing compound in the negative electrode.

[0032] 4, a specific example of a power supply device 10 will be described, which uses a manganese dioxide lithium battery as the primary battery 100 and a lithium ion secondary battery containing lithium iron phosphate with an olivine structure in the positive electrode and graphite in the negative electrode as the secondary battery 200. Fig. 4 is a graph showing an example of the discharge characteristics of the secondary battery 200 included in the power supply device 10 according to the specific example.

[0033] As shown in Fig. 4, in the power supply device 10 according to one specific example, the electric capacity to which the secondary battery 200 is charged from the primary battery 100 is determined by the discharge curve of the primary battery 100 and the discharge curve of the secondary battery 200. Specifically, the electric capacity to which the secondary battery 200 is charged from the primary battery 100 is preferably about 1 to 10% of the total discharge capacity of the secondary battery 200 at the end of discharge. Thus, the power supply device 10 can discharge 150 mA at 25°C for one second even when the depth of discharge of the secondary battery 200 is 90%. Furthermore, the power supply device 10 can maintain the discharge voltage at 2.0 V or higher during the above-mentioned discharge.

[0034] In such a power supply device 10, the secondary battery 200 is charged to only about 1 to 10% of its total discharge capacity, so that overcharging is unlikely to occur even without a charge control circuit, and the decrease in discharge capacity due to repeated charging and discharging is extremely small. Furthermore, the secondary battery 200 connected in parallel to the primary battery 100 is always in a floating state and is constantly charged from the primary battery 100, so that the charged electric capacity does not disappear, and overdischarging is unlikely to occur even without a discharge control circuit. Furthermore, the secondary battery 200 can be automatically charged to about 1 to 10% of its total discharge capacity from the primary battery 100 connected in parallel, without the need for a boost circuit.

[0035] Therefore, the power supply device 10 according to one specific example can be constructed using a simple circuit that does not include a charge control circuit, a discharge control circuit, or a boost circuit, thereby making it possible to reduce the component costs and power loss that arise in these circuits, as well as to make the device smaller.

[0036] Note that as another specific example of the power supply device 10, it is possible to exemplify a power supply device that uses a lithium primary battery as the primary battery 100 and a lithium ion secondary battery as the secondary battery 200. Similarly, the power supply device 10 according to such another specific example is also capable of performing high-output pulse discharge a greater number of times.

[0037] (1-3. Configuration example) Next, a configuration example of the power supply device 10 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of the power supply device 10 according to this embodiment.

[0038] 5, the power supply device 10 may be constructed by bonding together a primary battery 100 and a secondary battery 200, each having substantially the same planar shape. Here, "substantially the same" means, as an example, that the planar shapes are similar and the difference in size of the planar shapes is within 10%.

[0039] The primary battery 100 may have a flattened cylindrical shape, a so-called coin (button) shape. Specifically, the primary battery 100 may be composed of a battery element 130 that stores electric power as chemical energy, a first electrode can 110 having a cylindrical shape with a bottom, and a second electrode can 120 having a cylindrical shape with a lid that is crimped to the opening of the first electrode can 110 via a gasket 140 and accommodates the battery element 130 between the first electrode can 110 and the second electrode can 120. The first electrode can 110 is connected to one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery element 130, and the second electrode can 120 is connected to the other of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery element 130. As a result, the first electrode can 110 and the second electrode can 120 function as the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the primary battery 100.

[0040] Furthermore, the primary battery 100 may be removable from the power supply device 10, making it replaceable. In this way, the power supply device 10 can recover the stored electrical capacity by replacing the primary battery 100, and can be used repeatedly. Therefore, the power supply device 10 can supply power for a long period of time without frequent charging of the secondary battery 200 from the outside, and can supply power again by replacing the primary battery 100.

[0041] The secondary battery 200 may have a flattened cylindrical shape, a so-called coin (button) shape, like the primary battery 100. Specifically, the secondary battery 200 may be composed of a battery element 230 that stores electric power as chemical energy so as to be chargeable and dischargeable, a first electrode can 210 having a bottomed cylindrical shape, and a second electrode can 220 having a lidded cylindrical shape that is crimped to the opening of the first electrode can 210 via a gasket 240 and accommodates the battery element 230 between the first electrode can 210 and the second electrode can 220. The first electrode can 210 is connected to one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery element 230, and the second electrode can 220 is connected to the other of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery element 230. As a result, the first electrode can 210 and the second electrode can 220 function as the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the secondary battery 200.

[0042] The power supply device 10 can be provided in the same shape and size as a general coin-type battery by being composed of the primary battery 100 and the secondary battery 200 having the above-mentioned shapes. Therefore, the power supply device 10 can easily replace these general coin-type batteries.

[0043] As one example, the power supply device 10 may be provided so that the size in the direction in which the primary battery 100 and the secondary battery 200 are attached together (i.e., the height of the power supply device 10) is 5 mm or less. In such a case, the power supply device 10 can be provided with a size compatible with existing coin batteries (particularly coin batteries for portable communication devices).

[0044] <2. Communication equipment> Next, a communication device according to an embodiment of the present technology will be described. The communication device according to the present embodiment is a communication device including the power supply device 10 described above.

[0045] Specifically, the communication device according to the present embodiment may be a communication device that performs communication such as NB-IoT, LTECAT-M1, LoRaWAN (registered trademark), or Sigfox (registered trademark) for IoT (Internet of Things). Alternatively, the communication device according to the present embodiment may be a communication device that performs communication such as LF / RF or UWB (Ultra Wide Band) for RKE (Remote Keyless Entry).

[0046] Communication devices that perform these types of communications are prone to short-term high-load states during communications, so it is desirable to have a power supply device that can handle large currents at peak times.Furthermore, communication devices that perform these types of communications perform communications periodically, so it is desirable to have a power supply device that can supply power for a long period of time without charging or replacing the battery.

[0047] The communication device according to the present embodiment is capable of performing more pulse discharge than the secondary battery 200 alone and includes a power supply device 10 that does not include an overcharge control circuit. This makes the communication device according to the present embodiment suitable for use as a communication device that performs the above-mentioned communication. EXAMPLES

[0048] The power supply device according to the present embodiment will be described in more detail below with reference to examples and comparative examples. Note that the examples shown below are examples for showing the feasibility and effects of the power supply device according to the present embodiment, and the present technology is not limited to the following examples.

[0049] Example 1 The power supply device according to the first embodiment is a 2450-size lithium manganese dioxide (MnO 2 / Li) primary battery and 2416 size positive / negative electrodes are lithium iron phosphate / graphite (LiFePO4 A lithium ion secondary battery having a capacitance of 1.0 μm / Gr is provided. An equivalent circuit diagram of the power supply device according to the first embodiment is shown in FIG.

[0050] 6, the power supply device according to the first embodiment includes a primary battery, a secondary battery connected in parallel with the primary battery, and a Schottky barrier diode (SBD) that is a rectifying element provided between the primary battery and the secondary battery. The power supply device according to the first embodiment supplies power to a device from the secondary battery that is charged by the primary battery.

[0051] Example 2 The power supply device according to the second embodiment is a 2450-size lithium manganese dioxide (MnO 2 / Li) primary battery and 2416 size positive / negative electrodes are lithium cobalt oxide / graphite (LiCoO 2 / Gr) and a lithium ion secondary battery. The equivalent circuit of the power supply device according to the second embodiment is the same as the equivalent circuit of the power supply device according to the first embodiment.

[0052] Example 3 The power supply device according to the third embodiment is a 2450-size lithium manganese dioxide (MnO 2 / Li) primary battery and 2416 size positive / negative electrodes of lithium cobalt oxide / lithium titanate (LiCoO 2 Example 3 is equipped with a lithium ion secondary battery (LTO). An equivalent circuit diagram of the power supply device according to Example 3 is shown in FIG.

[0053] As shown in Fig. 7, the power supply device according to the third embodiment includes a primary battery, a secondary battery connected in parallel with the primary battery, a Schottky barrier diode (SBD) which is a rectifying element provided between the primary battery and the secondary battery, a protection IC which controls a discharge protection FET, and a boost circuit which boosts the output voltage from the secondary battery. The discharge protection FET is provided to protect the secondary battery from over-discharge, short circuit, overcurrent, and the like. The power supply device according to the third embodiment has a lower output voltage than the power supply devices according to the first and second embodiments, and therefore further includes a boost circuit. The power supply device according to the third embodiment supplies power to a device from a secondary battery charged by a primary battery.

[0054] Example 4 The power supply device according to the fourth embodiment is a 2450-size lithium manganese dioxide (MnO 2 / Li) primary battery and 2416 size positive / negative electrodes of lithium iron phosphate / lithium titanate (LiFePO 4 The power supply device according to the fourth embodiment includes a lithium ion secondary battery (such as a lithium ion battery (LTO)). The equivalent circuit of the power supply device according to the third embodiment is an equivalent circuit in which the power supply of the equivalent circuit of the power supply device according to the third embodiment is replaced with a primary battery.

[0055] Example 5 The power supply device according to the fifth embodiment is a 2450-size lithium thionyl chloride (SOCl 2 / Li) primary battery and 2416 size positive / negative electrodes are lithium iron phosphate / graphite (LiFePO 4 / Gr)。 An equivalent circuit of the power supply device according to the fifth embodiment is the same as that of the power supply device according to the first embodiment.

[0056] Example 6 The power supply device according to the sixth embodiment is a 2450-size lithium thionyl chloride (SOCl 2 / Li) primary battery and 2416 size positive / negative electrodes are lithium cobalt oxide / graphite (LiCoO 2 / Gr) and a lithium ion secondary battery. The equivalent circuit of the power supply device according to the sixth embodiment is the same as the equivalent circuit of the power supply device according to the first embodiment.

[0057] Example 7 The power supply device according to the seventh embodiment is a 2450-size lithium thionyl chloride (SOCl 2 / Li) primary battery and 2416 size positive / negative electrodes of lithium cobalt oxide / lithium titanate (LiCoO 2 The power supply device according to the seventh embodiment has an equivalent circuit that is the same as that of the power supply device according to the third embodiment.

[0058] Example 8 The power supply device according to the eighth embodiment is a 2450-size lithium thionyl chloride (SOCl 2 / Li) primary battery and 2416 size positive / negative electrodes of lithium iron phosphate / lithium titanate (LiFePO 4 The power supply device according to the eighth embodiment has an equivalent circuit that is the same as that of the power supply device according to the third embodiment.

[0059] Example 9 The power supply device according to the ninth embodiment uses a 2450-size alkaline manganese dry battery (MnO 2 / Zn) and the 2016 size positive and negative electrodes are lithium cobalt oxide / lithium titanate (LiCoO 2 The power supply device according to the ninth embodiment has an equivalent circuit that is the same as that of the power supply device according to the third embodiment.

[0060] Example 10 The power supply device according to the tenth embodiment uses a 2450-size alkaline manganese dry battery (MnO 2 / Zn) and the 2016 size positive and negative electrodes are lithium iron phosphate / lithium titanate (LiFePO 4 The power supply device according to the tenth embodiment has an equivalent circuit that is the same as that of the power supply device according to the third embodiment.

[0061] Example 11 The power supply device according to the eleventh embodiment uses a 2450-size alkaline manganese dry battery (MnO 2 / Zn) and the 2016 size positive and negative electrodes are lithium iron phosphate / lithium titanate (LiFePO 4 The equivalent circuit of the power supply device according to Example 11 is an equivalent circuit in which the power supply of the equivalent circuit of the power supply device according to Comparative Example 4 described below is replaced with a primary battery.

[0062] Example 12 The power supply device according to the twelfth embodiment uses a 2450-size alkaline manganese dry battery (MnO 2 / Zn) and the 2016 size positive and negative electrodes are lithium iron phosphate / lithium titanate (LiFePO 4 The equivalent circuit of the power supply device according to Example 12 is an equivalent circuit in which the power supply of the equivalent circuit of the power supply device according to Comparative Example 4 described below is replaced with a primary battery.

[0063] Example 13 The power supply device according to Comparative Example 11 uses a 2450-size lithium manganese dioxide (MnO 2 / Li) primary battery and 2450 size positive / negative electrodes of lithium cobalt oxide / lithium titanate (LiCoO 2 The power supply device according to the thirteenth embodiment has the same equivalent circuit as that of the power supply device according to the third embodiment.

[0064] Comparative Example 1 The power supply device according to Comparative Example 1 uses a 2450-size lithium manganese dioxide (MnO 2 / Li) primary battery.

[0065] (Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3) The power supply device according to Comparative Example 2 has a 2450-size positive electrode / negative electrode made of lithium cobalt oxide / graphite (LiCoO 2 The power supply device according to Comparative Example 3 is a lithium ion secondary battery in which the positive electrode / negative electrode of the 2450 size is lithium iron phosphate / graphite (LiFePO4 / Gr) Lithium ion secondary batteries. Equivalent circuit diagrams of the power supply devices according to Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 are shown in FIG.

[0066] As shown in Fig. 8, the power supply devices according to Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 include a secondary battery, a charge control IC that controls charging from an external power supply to the secondary battery, and a protection IC that controls a charge protection FET and a discharge protection FET. The charge protection FET is provided to protect the secondary battery from overcharging and the like and to prevent recharging to 0V, and the discharge protection FET is provided to protect the secondary battery from overdischarge, short circuit, overcurrent, and the like. The power supply devices according to Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 supply power to a device from a secondary battery charged by an external power supply.

[0067] Comparative Example 4 The power supply device according to Comparative Example 4 has a 2450-size positive electrode / negative electrode made of lithium cobalt oxide / lithium titanate (LiCoO 2 / / LTO) is a lithium ion secondary battery. An equivalent circuit diagram of the power supply device according to Comparative Example 4 is shown in FIG.

[0068] As shown in Fig. 9, the power supply device according to Comparative Example 4 includes a secondary battery, a charge control IC that controls charging the secondary battery from an external power supply, a protection IC that controls a charge protection FET and a discharge protection FET, and a boost circuit that boosts the output voltage from the secondary battery. The charge protection FET is provided to protect the secondary battery from overcharging and the like and to prevent recharging to 0V, and the discharge protection FET is provided to protect the secondary battery from overdischarging, short circuiting, overcurrent, and the like. The power supply device according to Comparative Example 4 has a lower output voltage than the power supply devices according to Comparative Examples 2 and 3, and therefore further includes a boost circuit. The power supply device according to Comparative Example 4 supplies power to a device from a secondary battery charged by an external power supply.

[0069] Comparative Example 5 The power supply device according to Comparative Example 5 uses a 2450-size lithium manganese dioxide (MnO 2 / Li) primary battery and 24300 size positive / negative electrodes of lithium cobalt oxide / lithium titanate (LiCoO2 and a lithium ion secondary battery (LTO). The equivalent circuit of the power supply device according to Comparative Example 5 is the same as the equivalent circuit of the power supply device according to Example 3.

[0070] The following Table 1 shows a comparison of the configurations and performances of the power supply devices according to the above-mentioned Examples 1 to 13 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5. However, the power supply device according to Comparative Example 1 was unable to discharge at 150 mA or 500 mA for 1 second due to the high internal resistance of the primary battery.

[0071] The number of discharges at 150 mA or 500 mA per second was calculated from the capacity of the secondary battery in the power supply devices of Comparative Examples 2 to 5, and was calculated from the capacity of the primary battery in the power supply devices of Examples 1 to 13.

[0072] Discharge at 150 mA or 500 mA for 1 second was performed as a 2.2 V cut. At this time, in each of the power supply devices, boosting was performed by a boost circuit as necessary. It was assumed that a 10% to 15% power loss would occur if boosting was performed by a boost circuit. Specifically, in the power supply devices according to Comparative Example 4, Example 3, Example 7, Example 9, Examples 11 to 13, and Comparative Example 5, it was assumed that a 10% power loss would occur due to boosting for 2.2 V cut discharge. In the power supply devices according to Examples 4, 8, and 10, it was assumed that a 15% power loss would occur due to boosting for 2.2 V cut discharge. In addition, in the power supply device according to Example 11, a boost circuit is required when charging from the primary battery to the secondary battery, so it was assumed that a 30% power loss would occur due to boosting during charging. In the power supply device according to Example 12, a boost circuit is required when charging from the primary battery to the secondary battery, so it was assumed that a 25% power loss would occur due to boosting during charging.

[0073] [Table 1]

[0074] As shown in Table 1, the power supply devices of Examples 1 to 13 are capable of performing pulse discharges (for example, pulse discharges of 150 mA and 1 second, or 500 mA and 1 second) more times than when using a secondary battery alone.

[0075] In particular, the power supply devices according to Examples 1, 2, 5, and 6 have simple circuits and are therefore advantageous in terms of power loss, cost, and size reduction, making it possible to further increase the volumetric energy density. The power supply devices according to Examples 3, 4, and 7 to 13 use a boost circuit to perform pulse discharge with a 2.2V cutoff, so power loss occurs compared to the power supply devices according to Examples 1, 2, 5, and 6, resulting in a lower volumetric energy density.

[0076] On the other hand, the power supply device according to Comparative Example 1 has advantages in terms of cost and size reduction due to its simple circuit, but since it discharges from a primary battery, it is difficult to perform pulse discharge at high output. Also, the power supply devices according to Comparative Examples 2 to 4 have fewer pulse discharges due to the use of a secondary battery alone. Furthermore, the power supply device according to Comparative Example 5 has a significantly lower volumetric energy density than the power supply devices according to Examples 1 to 13 because the discharge capacity of the secondary battery is larger than the discharge capacity of the primary battery.

[0077] Although the present technology has been described above with reference to an embodiment and examples, the configuration of the technology is not limited to the configuration described in the embodiment and examples and can be modified in various ways.

[0078] The effects described in this specification are merely examples, and the effects of the present technology are not limited to the effects described in this specification. Therefore, other effects may be obtained with respect to the present technology.

Claims

1. A primary battery; A secondary battery connected in parallel with the primary battery; an output terminal for outputting power from the secondary battery to an external device; Equipped with The discharge capacity of the primary battery is greater than the discharge capacity of the secondary battery, a discharge curve of the secondary battery intersects with a discharge curve of the primary battery; The cross discharge depth of the secondary battery is more than 0% and not more than 15%; power supply.

2. The secondary battery is connected to the primary battery without passing through a charge control circuit.

2. The power supply device of claim 1.

3. The secondary battery is connected to the output terminal without passing through a discharge protection circuit. The power supply device according to claim 1 or 2.

4. moreover, a rectifying element provided between the primary battery and the secondary battery, the rectifying element guiding a current flow from the primary battery to the secondary battery as a forward direction; The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. the primary battery is a lithium primary battery, The secondary battery is a lithium secondary battery. The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. the primary battery is a lithium manganese dioxide battery, The secondary battery is a lithium ion secondary battery including a positive electrode containing a lithium-containing compound having an olivine structure and a negative electrode containing one or more of graphite, a silicon-containing compound, and a tin-containing compound. The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The planar shape of the primary battery is substantially the same as the planar shape of the secondary battery. The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. Each of the primary battery and the secondary battery has a flat cylindrical shape. The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The primary battery is replaceable. The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Equipped with a power supply, The power supply device is A primary battery; A secondary battery connected in parallel with the primary battery; an output terminal for outputting power from the secondary battery to an external device; Including, The discharge capacity of the primary battery is greater than the discharge capacity of the secondary battery, a discharge curve of the secondary battery intersects with a discharge curve of the primary battery; The cross discharge depth of the secondary battery is more than 0% and not more than 15%; Communications equipment.

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