Method for installing shelves for fruit tree cultivation and on-site construction tool used in the method

Abstract

To provide an installation method that allows a person who is not a highly skilled craftsman to install corner pillars and perimeter pillars at appropriate angles and depths and install a shelf for fruit tree cultivation that is not easily damaged even when strong winds or the like occur.SOLUTION: There is provided an installation method for installing a shelf for fruit tree cultivation, in which a plurality of pillars is installed on the ground, and a plurality of branch support lines is installed with tension in a horizontal direction at a predetermined height. The method comprises: the steps of providing a base plate having a plate section and a pipe section fixed at an angle relative thereto; installing an anchor; forming a hole in the ground for installing the foundation plate; inserting a pipe section of a base plate into a hole formed in the ground, and then inserting corner pillars or perimeter pillars into the pipe section of the base plate installed on the ground to install the corner pillars or perimeter pillars; and tensioning the branch support lines to install a plurality of branch support lines between the corner pillars or perimeter pillars.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for installing shelves for fruit tree cultivation and a site installation tool used in the method. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, several techniques have been proposed for fruit tree cultivation shelves.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 describes a fruit tree cultivation shelf in which multiple branch support wires arranged in parallel horizontally are stretched in the direction of the fruit tree cultivation row, with the ends of the multiple parallel branch support wires engaged with a single wire support bar, and the other end of a central mounting member (excluding flexible wire such as wire) having one end attached to the center of the bar, and the other end of a pair of left and right mounting members (excluding flexible wire such as wire) having one end attached to each end of the bar, are connected to engaging fittings attached to supports.

[0004] Furthermore, for example, Patent Document 2 describes a fruit tree cultivation shelf in which branch support wires are stretched vertically in multiple tiers along the direction of the fruit tree cultivation row, and the posts that engage the ends of the wires are inclined so that they fall outward in the length direction of the wires, and a backing wire is stretched between the posts and anchors placed below the posts to prevent the posts from standing up due to the tension of the wires.

[0005] Furthermore, for example, Patent Document 3 describes a design device for a fruit tree shelf, which comprises a means for inputting the spacing of the side posts to be used for the fruit tree shelf to be created, a means for inputting the coordinates of each vertex of the field in which the fruit tree shelf is to be created, a means for determining the positions of the side posts to be installed around the fruit tree shelf between adjacent vertices based on the input side post spacing and vertex coordinates, and a means for outputting the determined side post positions on a drawing.

[0006] Furthermore, Patent Document 4 describes a method for training trees, which is characterized by grafting the tip of a main branch of a tree onto the base of a main branch of an adjacent tree, or by grafting cross branches between adjacent trees.

[0007] Furthermore, Patent Document 5 describes a fruit tree cultivation shelf used for cultivating fruit trees using a tree body joint training method, which is used for cultivating pears, plums, persimmons, plums, apples or peaches, and which is made up of at least a combination of supports, rod-shaped reinforcing materials and three wires, and which is planted in rows at a predetermined row interval and at a predetermined interval, and which is joined in the row direction, and in which the supports are installed at predetermined intervals in the cultivation rows of fruit trees, and the rod-shaped reinforcing materials are arranged in the row direction at a predetermined height H, and the supports and rod-shaped reinforcing materials installed in each row are connected to each other, and each support is The disclosure relates to a shelf for cultivating fruit trees, in which wire α is arranged in the column direction in each row so that the wire α passes through a point of length X from an intersection C with the rod-shaped reinforcement toward the ground along the support, and a main branch of the tree is supported by the wire α, and wire β1 and wire β2 are arranged in the column direction in each row so that the wire α passes through each of two points of length Y from the intersection C in the row direction along the rod-shaped reinforcement, and a ratio (Y / X) of length Y to length X is 1.0 to 2.0. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 58-89117 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 58-89118 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Publication No. 128375 / 1983 [Patent Document 4] JP 2005-304495 A [Patent Document 5] JP 2011-62094 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] Conventionally, when installing fruit tree cultivation shelves, the angle and depth of the corner and perimeter posts were determined by the craftsman's sense. Therefore, the balance and tension of the wires to be taut differed for each craftsman, and if the craftsman's level of skill was insufficient, the settings could be inappropriate, and the installed fruit tree cultivation shelves could be deformed by strong winds, etc.

[0010] The present invention aims to solve the above problems. That is, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for installing fruit tree cultivation shelves that allows even an unskilled craftsman to install corner posts and peripheral posts at appropriate angles and depths, and that allows the installation of fruit tree cultivation shelves that are not easily deformed even in strong winds, and to provide an on-site construction jig for use in the method. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] The present inventors have conducted extensive research to solve the above problems and have completed the present invention. The present invention relates to the following (1) and (2). (1) A method for installing a rack for growing fruit trees, which comprises setting up a number of posts on the ground and using these posts to set up a number of branch support wires at a specified height while tensioning them horizontally, a preparation step of preparing a base plate having a plate portion and a pipe portion penetrating the plate portion and fixed at a predetermined angle to the plate portion; an anchor installation step of installing an anchor at a predetermined position on the ground; A drilling step of forming a hole in the ground with a predetermined diameter and depth for installing the base plate; a column installation process in which the pipe portion of the base plate is inserted into a hole formed in the ground by the excavation process, the plate portion is installed so that the main surface of the plate portion is in contact with the surface of the ground, and then a corner column or a peripheral column is inserted into the pipe portion of the base plate installed on the ground to install the corner column or the peripheral column; A branch support wire installation process for tensioning the branch support wire fixed to the anchor and installing a plurality of branch support wires between the corner posts or the peripheral posts; A method for installing shelves for growing fruit trees, comprising: (2) A field construction tool for an engine auger used when drilling a hole in the ground using an engine auger in the excavation step of the installation method for fruit tree cultivation shelves described in (1) above, a notch mechanism capable of adjusting a drilling angle of the engine auger with respect to the ground; a slide mechanism capable of pushing the drill into the ground while maintaining the drilling angle; A jig for on-site construction. Effect of the Invention

[0012] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for installing fruit tree cultivation shelves, which enables even non-highly skilled craftsmen to install corner posts and peripheral posts at appropriate angles and depths, and which enables the installation of fruit tree cultivation shelves that are less likely to deform even in strong winds, etc., and a field construction tool for use in this method. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing a preferred example of a base plate. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which an engine auger is set on a preferred embodiment of the jig of the present invention. [Diagram 3] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the pipe portion of the base plate is inserted into a hole formed in the ground by an excavation process and the main surface of the plate portion is installed in contact with the surface of the ground. FIG. [Figure 4] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the state in which a corner post is installed by inserting it into a pipe portion of a foundation plate installed on the ground. [Diagram 5] A schematic cross-sectional view showing a branch support wire fixed to an anchor being tensioned via a corner post. [Figure 6]FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a fruit tree cultivation shelf installed by the installation method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0014] The present invention will now be described. The present invention is a method for installing a shelf for cultivating fruit trees, which comprises setting a plurality of posts on the ground and using these to install a plurality of branch support wires at a predetermined height under horizontal tension, the method comprising the steps of: a preparation step of preparing a base plate having a plate portion and a pipe portion that penetrates the plate portion and is fixed at a predetermined angle to the plate portion; an anchor installation step of installing anchors at predetermined positions on the ground; an excavation step of forming holes in the ground with a predetermined diameter and depth for installing the base plate; a post installation step of inserting the pipe portion of the base plate into the hole formed in the ground by the excavation step and installing the base plate so that the main surface of the plate portion is in contact with the surface of the ground, and then inserting a corner post or a peripheral post into the pipe portion of the base plate installed on the ground to install the corner post or the peripheral post; and a branch support wire installation step of tensioning the branch support wires fixed to the anchors and installing a plurality of branch support wires between the corner posts or the peripheral posts. Such a method for installing shelves for fruit tree cultivation will be referred to below as the "installation method of the present invention."

[0015] The present invention also relates to an on-site construction jig for an engine auger, used when drilling a hole in the ground using the engine auger in the excavation step of the installation method of the present invention, the on-site construction jig having a notch mechanism that can adjust the drilling angle of the engine auger's drill relative to the ground, and a slide mechanism that can push the drill into the ground while maintaining the drilling angle. Such a site construction jig will be referred to below as the "jig of the present invention."

[0016] The fruit tree cultivation racks installed by the installation method of the present invention are used for cultivating pears, plums, persimmons, plums, apples, peaches, etc. The branches of these trees growing on the ground are supported by branch support wires that are tensioned to a specified height using multiple posts. It is preferable that the branch support wires are arranged in a mesh pattern when viewed from above.

[0017] <Preparation process> The preparation steps in the installation method of the present invention will now be described. In the installation method of the present invention, in the preparation step, a base plate having a plate portion and a pipe portion is prepared.

[0018] The base plate will be explained with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a preferred example of a base plate. The base plate 10 shown in FIG.

[0019] Both the plate portion 12 and the pipe portion 14 are preferably made of metal. The plate portion 12 is preferably made of a steel plate, and the pipe portion 14 is preferably made of a steel material.

[0020] The pipe portion 14 and the plate portion 12 can be fixed together by welding or the like.

[0021] The plate portion 12 may be, for example, a square with each side measuring 200 mm to 400 mm, more preferably 300 mm to 400 mm, and may have a thickness of about 1.6 mm to 4.0 mm, more preferably 3.2 mm to 4.0 mm.

[0022] The plate portion 12 is installed so as to be in contact (preferably in surface contact) with the ground surface (ground surface). Since it is preferable to fix it to the ground surface, it is preferable to provide needles 13 (spikes) that can be stuck into the ground at the four corners of the plate portion 12, as in the preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 1.

[0023] A corner post or a peripheral post will be inserted into the pipe section 14 later. Therefore, it is preferable that the cross-sectional shape of the pipe section 14 is similar to the cross-sectional shape of the corner post or peripheral post to be inserted, and that the inner circumference of the pipe section 14 is slightly larger than the outer circumference of the corner post or peripheral post. Since the cross-sectional shape of the corner post or peripheral post is preferably circular or rectangular, the cross-sectional shape of the pipe section 14 is also preferably circular or rectangular. The cross-sectional size of the pipe portion 14 is determined by the size of the fruit tree cultivation shelf, the type of fruit tree, etc. When the cross-sectional shape of the pipe section 14 is circular and the diameter of the corner post or peripheral post to be inserted therein is 48.6 mm, the diameter is more preferably 54.0 mm. The thickness of the pipe section 14 is preferably about 2.3 mm.

[0024] The pipe portion 14 passes through approximately the center of the plate portion 12 and is fixed to the plate portion 12 at a predetermined angle θ. The angle θ of the pipe section 14 with respect to the plate section 12 is determined by various factors, for example, the tension stress of the branch support wire. For example, when the branch support wire is placed at a height of 1,800 to 2,000 mm from the ground surface (in the case of a lower shelf), the angle θ of the pipe portion 14 relative to the plate portion 12 is preferably 42 to 53 degrees if a corner post is inserted, and is preferably 45 to 57 degrees if peripheral posts are inserted. For example, when the branch support wire is placed at a height of 2500 to 4000 mm from the ground surface (in the case of an upper shelf), the angle θ of the pipe portion 14 relative to the plate portion 12 is preferably 45 to 63 degrees if a corner post is inserted, and preferably 55 to 73 degrees if peripheral posts are inserted.

[0025] The longitudinal length X1 of the portion of the pipe section 14 exposed above ground and the longitudinal length X2 of the portion buried in the ground are determined by various factors. The longitudinal length X1 of the portion of the pipe section 14 exposed above ground and the longitudinal length X2 of the portion buried in the ground are both preferably 100 to 400 mm, more preferably 200 to 300 mm.

[0026] The pipe section 14 in the preferred embodiment shown in Figure 1 has pin holes 15 in the part exposed to the ground. Similar holes are formed in the corner posts or peripheral posts to be inserted into the pipe section 14, and after inserting them into the pipe section 14, a pin can be inserted from the outside of the pipe section 14 into the holes formed in the corner posts or peripheral posts to match the holes 15, making it easy to fix the corner posts or peripheral posts in a state where they are inserted to the desired depth.

[0027] <Anchor installation process> The anchor installation process in the installation method of the present invention will now be described. In the anchor installation step of the installation method of the present invention, anchors are installed at predetermined positions on the ground.

[0028] The end of the branch support wire is fixed to the anchor. The anchor tensions the branch support wire horizontally and then maintains this tension.

[0029] Typically, anchors are installed in the ground outside the corner or perimeter posts of the orchard, the depth of which is determined by a variety of factors, such as the size of the orchard, the type of fruit tree, and the tension of the branch support wires. The anchor may be installed in the ground to a depth of, for example, about 1 to 2 m.

[0030] The type and size of the anchor are not particularly limited. For example, a conventionally known anchor can be used.

[0031] <Drilling process> The excavation step in the installation method of the present invention will now be described. In the excavation step of the installation method of the present invention, holes for installing the base plate 10 are formed in the ground with a predetermined diameter and depth.

[0032] The diameter of the hole is set to be approximately the same as the outer diameter of the pipe portion 14 in the base plate 10 . The depth of the hole depends on the longitudinal length (embedding length D) of the underground portion of the corner post or peripheral post to be inserted into the pipe section 14. The installation depth (embedding length D) of the corner post or peripheral post into the ground is determined by various factors. For example, it is determined by the width of the fruit tree cultivation rack, the type of fruit tree, the tension stress of the branch support wire, etc. Therefore, the depth (embedding length D) of the hole formed in the ground in the excavation process may be approximately the same as the longitudinal length X2 of the portion of the pipe section 14 of the base plate 10 that is buried in the ground, or it may be greater than that. The embedment depth D is preferably 500 to 1500 mm, and more preferably 1000 to 1500 mm. Furthermore, the angle of the hole formed in the ground is set to be the same as the angle θ of the pipe portion 14 with respect to the plate portion 12 of the foundation plate 10. In this case, when the pipe portion 14 of the foundation plate 10 is inserted into the formed hole, the plate portion 12 is likely to come into surface contact with the ground surface.

[0033] It is preferable to use a conventionally known engine auger when forming holes in the ground for installing the base plate 10. If the engine auger is used while being set in a jig (the jig of the present invention) as shown in Fig. 2, holes can be formed in the ground with a predetermined diameter and depth accurately and efficiently.

[0034] FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which an engine auger 1 is set on a preferred embodiment of a jig 20 of the present invention. The jig 20 of the present invention shown in Fig. 2 can be constructed by combining metal pipes, and is therefore relatively lightweight.

[0035] The jig 20 of the present invention has a notch mechanism 22. The notch mechanism 22 makes it possible to adjust the drilling angle ω of the drill 3 of the engine auger 1 with respect to the ground. It is preferable that the notch mechanism 22 has a gear function when sliding up and down, and has a structure in which a stopper acts at a desired angle, allowing easy and accurate angular hole drilling.

[0036] Moreover, the jig 20 of the present invention has a slide mechanism 24. The slide mechanism 24 makes it possible to push the drill 3 into the ground while maintaining the drilling angle ω. It is preferable that the slide mechanism 24 is in the form of a sliding guide rail, and by installing the engine auger 1, it is possible to use the drill 3 to drill an angle hole previously determined by the notch mechanism 22 to a depth at which the pipe 14 is buried in the ground.

[0037] Moreover, the jig 20 of the present invention preferably has a reference scale 26 near the tip of the drill 3. This reference scale 26 can be used to check the angle between the hole to be formed and another hole (or pillar).

[0038] <Column installation process> The pillar installation process in the installation method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the state in which the pipe portion 14 of the base plate 10 is inserted into a hole 32 formed in the ground 30 by an excavation process, and the plate portion 12 is installed so that the main surface of the plate portion 12 is in contact with the surface of the ground (earth surface).

[0039] Then, after the foundation plate 10 is installed as shown in Fig. 3, the corner posts 35 or peripheral posts are inserted into the pipe section 14 as shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the state in which the corner posts 35 are inserted into the pipe section 14 of the foundation plate 10 installed on the ground 30 and the corner posts 35 are installed.

[0040] <Branch support line installation process> The branch support wire installation process in the installation method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which a branch support wire 42 fixed to an anchor 40 is tensioned via a corner post 35. In FIG. 5, one end of the corner post 35 is inserted into the pipe portion 14 of the base plate 10.

[0041] In the branch support wire installation process of the installation work method of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, the branch support wires 42 fixed to the anchors 40 are tensioned and multiple branch support wires 42 are installed between the corner posts 35 or surrounding posts.

[0042] The branch support line 42 may be a wire or metal wire.

[0043] By using the installation method of the present invention, for example, a fruit tree cultivation shelf as shown in FIG. 6 can be installed. FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a fruit tree cultivation shelf installed by the installation method of the present invention. In Fig. 6, the fruit tree cultivation rack 50 has corner posts 35 on its outer periphery, which are inserted into the base plate 10 placed on the ground, and has a number of support posts 39 on its inner side that support the branch support wires 42. These are used to install the branch support wires 42 at a predetermined height under tension in the horizontal direction. The branch support wires 42 are also formed in a mesh pattern.

[0044] When installing the base pillars 39 on the ground, materials such as the base plate 10 may be used. However, the base pillars 39 are not installed at an angle like the corner pillars 35 and the peripheral pillars 37. The base pillars 39 are installed vertically. Therefore, a base plate 10 in which the angle θ of the pipe portion 14 relative to the plate portion 12 is 90 degrees may be used. [Explanation of symbols]

[0045] 1 Engine Auger 3 Drill 10 Base plate 10 12 Plate section 13 Spike 14 Pipe section 15 holes 20 Tool of the present invention 22 Notch mechanism 24 Slide mechanism 26 Guide scale 30 ground 32 holes 35 Corner post 37 Perimeter pillar 39 Tsuka Pillar 40 Anchor 42 Branch support line 50 Shelf for fruit tree cultivation

Claims

[Claim 1] A method for installing a rack for cultivating fruit trees, comprising installing a plurality of posts on the ground and using these posts to install a plurality of branch support wires at a predetermined height while tensioning them in the horizontal direction, a preparation step of preparing a base plate having a plate portion and a pipe portion penetrating the plate portion and fixed at a predetermined angle to the plate portion; an anchor installation step of installing an anchor at a predetermined position on the ground; A drilling step of forming a hole in the ground with a predetermined diameter and depth for installing the base plate; a column installation process in which the pipe portion of the base plate is inserted into a hole formed in the ground by the excavation process, the plate portion is installed so that the main surface of the plate portion is in contact with the surface of the ground, and then a corner column or a peripheral column is inserted into the pipe portion of the base plate installed on the ground to install the corner column or the peripheral column; A branch support wire installation process for tensioning the branch support wire fixed to the anchor and installing a plurality of branch support wires between the corner posts or the peripheral posts; A method for installing shelves for growing fruit trees, comprising:

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