Infection control systems and programs

Abstract

The purpose of the present disclosure is to improve the accuracy of calculating the transmission risk level of an infectious disease. This infection countermeasure system (100) comprises a first acquisition unit (131), a second acquisition unit (132), a first derivation unit (141), a second derivation unit (142), and a third derivation unit (143). The first acquisition unit (131) acquires travel history. The second acquisition unit (132) acquires infection data. The first derivation unit (141) derives a transmission risk period on the basis of the infection data. The second derivation unit (142) derives, as a risk period, a period that is included in the transmission risk period and satisfies a predetermined condition of a determination based on the travel history. The third derivation unit (143) derives a transmission risk level of the infectious disease in a space on the basis of the risk period, infectivity information, and environment information representing states of a space that effect the transmission probability of the infectious disease.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to an infection control system, an infection control method, and a program, and more particularly to an infection control system, an infection control method, and a program that calculate the risk of infection in a specified space. [Background technology]

[0002] The entrance / exit management system (infection control system) described in Patent Document 1 has a certification means and an entrance control means. The certification means certifies a facility user as an infected person based on predetermined information about the facility user, and also certifies other facility users who may have come into contact with the infected person during the infectious period as suspected infection. More specifically, the certification means certifies a facility user who was in the same room as an infected person during the infectious period as suspected infection. The entrance control means controls to prohibit infected and suspected infection users from entering specific rooms.

[0003] However, in the entrance / exit management system described in Patent Document 1, facility users who have been in the same room as an infected person during the infectious period are uniformly identified as suspected infections, so facility users who are actually at low risk of infection may be identified as suspected infections. In other words, the entrance / exit management system described in Patent Document 1 sometimes did not provide sufficient accuracy in calculating the infection risk of infectious diseases. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2019-200503 A Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present disclosure relates to an infection control system that can improve the accuracy of calculating the infection risk of an infectious disease. Mu and The purpose of this website is to provide educational and program information.

[0006] An infection control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a first acquisition unit, a second acquisition unit, a first derivation unit, a second derivation unit, and a third derivation unit. The first acquisition unit acquires a stay history, which is data accumulating the output of a detection device. The detection device detects the stay status of one or more people in a specified space. The second acquisition unit acquires infection data representing the infection status of an infected person among the one or more people who is infected with an infectious disease. The first derivation unit calculates a contagious period based on the infection data. The contagious period is a period during which the infectious person may transmit the infectious disease to others. The second derivation unit calculates, as a risk period, a period that is included in the contagious period and satisfies a predetermined condition in a judgment based on the stay history. The risk period is a period during which the infection risk of the infectious disease is increasing in the space. The third derivation unit calculates the infection risk of the infectious disease in the space based on the risk period, infectivity information regarding the infectivity of the infectious disease, and environmental information representing the state of the space that affects the infection probability.

[0008] A program according to one embodiment of the present disclosure , feeling A program for executing a method for preventing infection on one or more processors. The infection control method includes a first acquisition process, a second acquisition process, a first derivation process, a second derivation process, and a third derivation process. In the first acquisition process, a stay history, which is data accumulating the output of a detection device, is acquired. The detection device detects the stay status of one or more people in a specified space. In the second acquisition process, infection data representing the infection status of an infected person infected with an infectious disease among the one or more people is acquired. In the first derivation process, a contagious period is calculated based on the infection data. The contagious period is a period during which the infectious person may transmit the infectious disease to others. In the second derivation process, a period that is included in the contagious period and satisfies a predetermined condition in a judgment based on the stay history is calculated as a risk period. The risk period is a period during which the risk of infection of the infectious disease is increasing in the space. In the third derivation process, the infection risk of the infectious disease in the space is calculated based on the risk period, infectivity information regarding the infectivity of the infectious disease, and environmental information representing the state of the space that affects the infection probability. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an infection control system according to the first embodiment. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an application example of the infection control system. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a sequence diagram showing the operational flow of the infection control system. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an application example of the infection control system according to the second embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] In the following embodiments, the infection control system, infection control method, and program of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the following embodiments are merely a part of the various embodiments of the present disclosure. The following embodiments can be modified in various ways depending on the design, etc., as long as the object of the present disclosure can be achieved. In addition, the figures described in the following embodiments are schematic diagrams, and the ratios of the sizes and thicknesses of the components in the figures do not necessarily reflect the actual dimensional ratios.

[0011] (Embodiment 1) (overview) As shown in FIG. 1, the infection control system 100 of this embodiment includes a first acquisition unit 131, a second acquisition unit 132, a first derivation unit 141, a second derivation unit 142, and a third derivation unit 143. The first acquisition unit 131 acquires a stay history, which is data accumulating the output of the detection device 3. The detection device 3 detects the stay status of one or more people H1 (see FIG. 2) in a predetermined space SP1 (see FIG. 2). The second acquisition unit 132 acquires infection data representing the infection status of an infected person infected with an infectious disease among the one or more people H1. The first derivation unit 141 obtains a contagious period based on the infection data. The contagious period is a period during which an infectious disease may be transmitted from an infected person to others. The second derivation unit 142 obtains a period that is included in the contagious period and satisfies a predetermined condition in a judgment based on the stay history as a risk period. The risk period is a period during which the risk of infection of an infectious disease is increasing in the space SP1. The third derivation unit 143 calculates the infection risk in the space SP1 based on the risk period, infectivity information related to the infectivity of the infectious disease, and environmental information representing the state of the space SP1 that affects the infection probability. In addition, the infection control system 100 further includes an output unit 15, which outputs information related to the infection risk calculated by the third derivation unit 143.

[0012] According to this embodiment, the third derivation unit 143 calculates the infection risk in the space SP1 based on the environmental information and the like, so that it is possible to calculate an infection risk that is more in line with the actual situation, compared to a case where the infection risk is calculated without using the environmental information. That is, the calculation accuracy of the infection risk can be improved. The infection risk indicates the likelihood that a pathogen is spreading in the space SP1.

[0013] In the present disclosure, an "infectious disease" refers to a disease that develops when a pathogen invades the human body and is contagious to others. In the present disclosure, an "infectious disease" is sometimes called a contagious disease or an infectious disease, in distinction from a disease that is not contagious to others (non-contagious infectious disease). Examples of "infectious diseases" include influenza infection, norovirus infection, rotavirus infection, and COVID-19 infection.

[0014] The infection control system 100 is used in facilities such as office buildings, factories, hotels, nursing homes, and hospitals. The space SP1 is, for example, a room in the facility. In the space SP1, pathogens may spread and an infectious disease may be transmitted if pathogens adhere to objects that an infected person has come into contact with or if pathogens are contained in droplets or breath of the infected person. Therefore, the infection control system 100 outputs information regarding the infection transmission risk in the space SP1 from the output unit 15, thereby enabling facility users to understand the space SP1 where pathogens are likely to be spreading, and aims to suppress the transmission of the infectious disease.

[0015] The facility is expected to have multiple spaces SP1 (multiple rooms). In such a case, each of the multiple spaces SP1 can be a target for calculating the infection risk of an infectious disease. Each space SP1 corresponds to at least one detection device 3. Each detection device 3 detects the presence of a person H1 in the corresponding space SP1. The infection control system 100 can identify each detection device 3 and calculate the infection risk for each space SP1 based on the output of the detection device 3 corresponding to the space SP1, etc.

[0016] However, for the sake of simplicity, the following description will be given assuming the following case: There is one space SP1 for which the infection transmission risk is to be calculated, and the infection control system 100 calculates the infection risk of the space SP1 based on the outputs of the two detection devices 3 corresponding to the space SP1, etc.

[0017] (detail) (1) Overall structure As shown in Fig. 1, the infection control system 100 includes a first server 1, an entrance / exit system 200, and an information terminal 5. The entrance / exit system 200 performs entrance / exit management for multiple people H1 who enter and exit a space SP1. The entrance / exit system 200 includes a second server 2, multiple (two in Fig. 1) detection devices 3, and multiple (two in Fig. 1) authentication devices 4.

[0018] The detection device 3 detects the presence of one or more people H1 (see FIG. 2) in the space SP1 (see FIG. 2) by communicating with each of the multiple authentication devices 4. The detection result of the detection device 3 is transmitted to the first server 1. The person H1 inputs infection data indicating the infection status of the infected person to the information terminal 5, and the infection data is transmitted from the information terminal 5 to the first server 1. The first server 1 calculates the infection risk of the infectious disease in the space SP1 based on the detection result of the detection device 3 and the infection data, etc., and outputs it to the information terminal 5. The information terminal 5 displays information related to the infection risk.

[0019] Each of the first server 1, the second server 2, and the information terminal 5 includes a computer system having one or more processors and a memory. At least a part of the functions of each of the first server 1, the second server 2, and the information terminal 5 is realized by the processor of the computer system executing a program recorded in the memory of the computer system. The program may be recorded in the memory, or may be provided via a telecommunication line such as the Internet, or may be recorded on a non-transitory recording medium such as a memory card and provided.

[0020] (2) First server The first server 1 includes a communication unit 11, a storage unit 12, and a processing unit 13.

[0021] The communication unit 11 is a communication interface of the first server 1. The first server 1 is capable of communicating with other devices through the communication unit 11. In this disclosure, "capable of communication" means that signals can be transmitted and received directly or indirectly via the network NT1 or a repeater, etc., by an appropriate communication method such as wired communication or wireless communication. The communication method of the communication unit 11 is, for example, a communication method conforming to the Ethernet (registered trademark) standard, WiFi (registered trademark), etc.

[0022] The storage unit 12 prestores information necessary for processing in the first server 1. As an example, the storage unit 12 stores the above-mentioned infectivity information and at least a part of the environmental information. Furthermore, the storage unit 12 stores identification information of each of the first server 1, the second server 2, the multiple detection devices 3, the multiple authentication devices 4, and the information terminal 5.

[0023] The processing unit 13 is a processor of the first server 1. The processing unit 13 performs various processes. The processes executed by the processing unit 13 will be described in detail later.

[0024] (3) Second Server The second server 2 includes a communication unit 21, a storage unit 22, and a processing unit .

[0025] The communication unit 21 is a communication interface of the second server 2. The second server 2 can communicate with other devices through the communication unit 21. The communication method of the communication unit 21 is, for example, a communication method conforming to the Ethernet (registered trademark) standard, WiFi (registered trademark), or the like.

[0026] The storage unit 22 pre-stores information necessary for processing in the second server 2. As an example, the storage unit 22 stores identification information of each of the first server 1, the second server 2, the multiple detection devices 3, and the multiple authentication devices 4. The storage unit 22 also stores outputs of the multiple detection devices 3 as data.

[0027] The processing unit 23 is a processor of the second server 2. The processing unit 23 performs various processes. For example, the processing unit 23 controls communication by the communication unit 21.

[0028] (4) Detection and authentication devices 2, each of a plurality of people H1 (one person in FIG. 2) who uses the facility carries an authentication device 4. The authentication device 4 stores identification information of the authentication device 4.

[0029] The authentication device 4 in this embodiment is a tag 4 A. More specifically, the authentication device 4 is an IC tag.

[0030] Multiple (two) detection devices 3 are installed at the entrance and exit of space SP1. Space SP1 is a space for which the risk of infectious disease transmission is to be calculated. In FIG. 2, space SP1 and space SP2 are separated by a door G1, and one of the two detection devices 3 (reader 3A) is installed on the wall of space SP1. The other of the two detection devices 3 (reader 3B) is installed on the wall of space SP2.

[0031] The detection device 3 is a reader that reads information from the authentication device 4 (tag 4A). When the person H1 holds the authentication device 4 over the detection device 3, the detection device 3 reads information from the authentication device 4. The detection device 3 reads at least the identification information of the authentication device 4 from the authentication device 4.

[0032] The door G1 is locked by an electric lock. When the identification information read from the authentication device 4 matches the identification information registered in advance, the detection device 3 activates the electric lock and unlocks the door G1. The detection device 3 also transmits the identification information read from the authentication device 4 together with information on the time of reading and the identification information of the detection device 3 to the second server 2. The second server 2 stores the identification information of the authentication device 4 in the memory unit 22 in association with the information on the time of reading and the identification information of the detection device 3.

[0033] When the reader 3A installed in the space SP1 reads the identification information from the authentication device 4, the processing unit 13 of the first server 1 determines that the person H1 carrying the authentication device 4 has left the space SP1. When the reader 3B installed in the space SP2 reads the identification information from the authentication device 4, the processing unit 13 of the first server 1 determines that the person H1 carrying the authentication device 4 has entered the space SP1. The processing unit 13 calculates the time from when the person H1 entered the space SP1 to when he or she left it as the stay period during which the person H1 stayed in the space SP1.

[0034] (5) Information terminal The information terminal 5 is, for example, a personal computer, a smartphone, or a tablet terminal. In this embodiment, it is assumed that each of the multiple people H1 who enter and leave the space SP1 has an information terminal 5.

[0035] As shown in FIG. 1, the information terminal 5 includes a communication unit 51, a storage unit 52, a processing unit 53, an operation unit 54, and a display unit 55.

[0036] The communication unit 51 is a communication interface of the information terminal 5. The information terminal 5 can communicate with other devices through the communication unit 51. The communication method of the communication unit 51 is, for example, a communication method conforming to the Ethernet (registered trademark) standard, WiFi (registered trademark), or the like.

[0037] The storage unit 52 stores in advance information necessary for processing in the information terminal 5. As an example, the storage unit 52 stores identification information of the information terminal 5.

[0038] The processing unit 53 is a processor of the information terminal 5. The processing unit 53 performs various processes. For example, the processing unit 53 controls communication by the communication unit 51. The processing unit 53 also causes the display unit 55 to display a predetermined image in response to an operation performed on the operation unit 54.

[0039] The operation unit 54 is a user interface that accepts operations from a user. The information terminal 5 responds to operations on the operation unit 54. The operation unit 54 is, for example, a button, a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, or a combination of these.

[0040] The display unit 55 is a display such as a liquid crystal display. The display unit 55 displays information related to the processing of the infection control system 100. For example, the display unit 55 displays an operation screen for a user to input infection data showing the infection status of an infected person who is infected with an infectious disease. The display unit 55 also displays information related to the infection risk of the infectious disease in the space SP1 calculated by the first server 1.

[0041] When the information terminal 5 has a touch panel display, the touch panel display may function as both the operation unit 54 and the display unit 55.

[0042] (6) Processing section of the first server Next, the process executed by the processor 13 of the first server 1 will be described.

[0043] The processing unit 13 includes a first acquisition unit 131, a second acquisition unit 132, a first derivation unit 141, a second derivation unit 142, a third derivation unit 143, and an output unit 15. Note that these merely indicate functions realized by the processing unit 13, and do not necessarily indicate actual configurations.

[0044] The first acquisition unit 131 acquires a stay history, which is data that accumulates the output of the detection device 3. More specifically, the first acquisition unit 131 acquires the stay history from the second server 2 via the communication unit 11.

[0045] As an example, the detection device 3 detects the stay status of the person H1 in the space SP1 at a predetermined time interval and transmits it to the second server 2. The second server 2 stores information on the stay status in the memory unit 22. As time passes, the stay status information is accumulated in the memory unit 22. When a request is made from the first server 1, the second server 2 transmits the accumulated stay status information to the first server 1 as a stay history. The memory unit 12 of the first server 1 stores the stay history.

[0046] As another example, the second server 2 may transmit the information on the stay behavior to the first server 1 one by one. That is, the information on the stay behavior may be accumulated in the storage unit 12 of the first server 1. In this case, the information on the stay behavior accumulated in the storage unit 12 corresponds to a stay history.

[0047] The second acquisition unit 132 acquires infection data indicating the infection status of a person infected with an infectious disease. More specifically, the second acquisition unit 132 acquires the infection data from the information terminal 5 via the communication unit 11.

[0048] As an example, the manager of the facility starts an application for inputting infection data, which is installed in the information terminal 5. The manager inputs the infection data based on a report from an infected person. Alternatively, the infected person may input the infection data themselves. The input infection data is transmitted by the communication unit 51 of the information terminal 5 and received by the communication unit 11 of the first server 1.

[0049] The infection data includes a label of the infectious disease with which the infected person is infected, identification information of the infected person, and information regarding the onset time of the infectious disease. The label of the infectious disease is, for example, the name of the infectious disease, or an identification symbol or identification number of the infectious disease. The identification information of the infected person is, for example, the name of the infected person, or an identification symbol or identification number of the infected person. The information regarding the onset time of the infectious disease is, for example, the time when the infected person became aware of symptoms of the infectious disease, or the time when the infected person was diagnosed by a medical institution as having developed the infectious disease. If the infected person has not yet developed symptoms, the information regarding the onset time of the infectious disease may be null data. The infection data may also include information regarding the time when the infected person was infected with the infectious disease.

[0050] The memory unit 12 stores infectiousness information in advance. The infectiousness information is information related to the infectiousness of an infectious disease. Different infectiousness information is stored for each type of infectious disease. The infectiousness information includes information related to the susceptibility of an infectious disease in the period before and after the onset of the infectious disease. For example, the infectiousness information includes information (hereinafter referred to as first information) on the date of onset or the days before and after the onset of the infectious disease, indicating from when to when the infectious disease may be transmitted (see Table 1). In addition, for example, the infectiousness information includes information (hereinafter referred to as second information) related to the susceptibility of an infectious disease per unit time, and the second information is expressed, for example, as a relative numerical value (see Table 1).

[0051] [Table 1]

[0052] The second information (numerical value) may be a different value for each time period. For example, for an infectious disease D1, the second information on the day before onset may be 0.7, the second information on the day of onset may be 1.0, and the second information from 1 day to 7 days after onset may be 1.2.

[0053] The second information (numerical value) may be a value that varies depending on the season. For example, for an infectious disease that is likely to spread in winter, the second information in winter may be greater than in other seasons.

[0054] The first derivation unit 141 obtains the contagious period based on the infection data. The contagious period is a period during which an infectious disease may be transmitted from a specific infected person to others. In this embodiment, the first derivation unit 141 determines the period acquired as the first information from the storage unit 12 as the contagious period based on the onset time, which is information included in the infection data. For example, according to the infection data, it is assumed that the infected person developed the infectious disease D1 on March 2nd. Referring to [Table 1], the period during which the infectious disease D1 may be transmitted is from the day before the onset to 7 days after the onset. In this case, the first derivation unit 141 determines the contagious period to be from March 1st to March 9th.

[0055] In addition, if the infected person has not yet developed symptoms and the data representing the onset time is null, the onset time (onset date) can be appropriately estimated. For example, the date on which it was discovered that the person was infected with the infectious disease can be set as the onset date.

[0056] The second derivation unit 142 determines the risk period. More specifically, the second derivation unit 142 determines, as the risk period, a period that is included in the contagious period and satisfies a predetermined condition in the determination based on the stay history. The risk period is a period during which the risk of infection of the infectious disease is increasing in the space SP1. The risk period can be said to be a period during which a pathogen may be spreading from an infected person to the space SP1.

[0057] The second derivation unit 142 determines the period that satisfies the above-mentioned predetermined condition as one of the following first and second periods, depending on the type of infection. The first period corresponds to the stay period during which the infected person stayed in the space SP1. The second period is a period that combines the stay period and a predetermined period after the infected person leaves the space SP1 (e.g., 30 minutes after leaving). In other words, the period that satisfies the above-mentioned predetermined condition is the stay period during which the infected person stayed in the space SP1, or a period that combines the stay period and a predetermined period after the infected person leaves the space SP1.

[0058] The second derivation unit 142 determines the period that satisfies the above-mentioned predetermined condition as the second period if the infectious disease that the infected person has is an infectious disease that has the property of being airborne, and determines the period that satisfies the above-mentioned predetermined condition as the first period otherwise. This makes it possible to calculate the infection risk taking into account the risk of airborne infection after the infected person leaves the space SP1.

[0059] The second information (ease of transmission per unit time) during the above-mentioned predetermined period may be smaller than the second information during the stay period.

[0060] The third derivation unit 143 calculates the infection risk of the infectious disease in the space SP1 based on the risk period, the infectivity information, and the environmental information.

[0061] The storage unit 12 prestores at least a portion of the environmental information. The environmental information is information that represents the state of the space SP1 that affects the probability of infection. The environmental information includes at least one of information on the size of the space SP1, information on the mutual distances between multiple people H1 in the space SP1, and information on the ventilation status of the space SP1.

[0062] The information on the size of the space SP1 includes, for example, information on the area (floor area) of the space SP1. The information on the distance between the multiple people H1 in the space SP1 includes, for example, information on the number of seats in the space SP1, the distance between the seats, and the population density.

[0063] The population density in the space SP1 is calculated, for example, based on the stay history of each of the multiple people H1. That is, the processing unit 13 can calculate the population density by finding the number of people staying in the space SP1 by referring to the stay history and dividing the number of people by the area of ​​the space SP1. Alternatively, the capacity of the space SP1 may be stored in the storage unit 12 in advance, and the population density may be calculated by regarding the capacity as the number of people staying in the space SP1. Alternatively, the population density may be stored in the storage unit 12 in advance.

[0064] The third derivation unit 143 divides the risk period by time. This sets a number of divided periods that make up the risk period. The third derivation unit 143 calculates the infection risk by time integrating the "divided risk" corresponding to each divided period. The divided risk is the product of information on the susceptibility of infection per unit time (second information: see Table 1) and a parameter based on environmental information (hereinafter referred to as the environmental parameter).

[0065] As an example, the second information is expressed as a function X(t) of time t, and the environmental parameter is expressed as a function Y(t) of time t. In this case, the infection risk is calculated by ∫X(t)Y(t)dt. The integral interval is from the start point to the end point of the risk period.

[0066] The environmental parameters may be previously calculated as values ​​corresponding to the environmental information and stored in the storage unit 12, or may be calculated by the third derivation unit 143 based on the environmental information. An example of a process in which the third derivation unit 143 calculates the environmental parameters will be described below.

[0067] The third derivation section 143 reduces the environmental parameter as the area of ​​the space SP1 becomes larger. Furthermore, the third derivation section 143 reduces the environmental parameter as the distance between seats in the space SP1 becomes longer. Furthermore, the third derivation section 143 reduces the environmental parameter as the ventilation rate of the space SP1 becomes larger. Furthermore, when the space SP1 is an outdoor space, the third derivation section 143 reduces the environmental parameter compared to when the space SP1 is an indoor space.

[0068] Regarding the ventilation rate of space SP1, Article 20-2, Paragraph 2 of the Enforcement Order of the Building Standards Act prescribes the effective ventilation rate V as follows [Equation 1]. [Number 1] V=20Af / N V Effective ventilation volume (unit: cubic meters / hour) Af Floor area of ​​the room (unit: square meters) N The area occupied per person according to the actual situation (unit: square meters)

[0069] The ventilation rate of the space SP1 is calculated based on, for example, the operating status of an air conditioner installed in the space SP1. The third derivation section 143 reduces the environmental parameter as the ventilation rate of the space SP1 is larger than the effective ventilation rate V.

[0070] The third derivation unit 143 may calculate the environmental parameters by comparing the ventilation rate of the space SP1 with another reference value instead of the effective ventilation rate V. For example, the ventilation rate of the space SP1 may be compared with a required ventilation rate specified in the building facility design standards. Alternatively, the ventilation rate of the space SP1 may be compared with a required ventilation rate Ve calculated by [Equation 2] based on the amount of heat generated in the room. [Number 2] Ve=3000H / (ti-t0) Ve Required ventilation volume (unit: cubic meters / hour) H Heat generation (unit: kW) ti Room temperature (unit: °C) t0 Outside temperature (unit: ℃)

[0071] Let us assume that the number of infected people is 1. Let us assume that the length of time that this infected person stayed in space SP1 during the infectious period (stay period) was 1 hour on March 1st and 3 hours on March 2nd. Let us also assume that the division risk of space SP1 on March 1st is 1.5 and the division risk of space SP1 on March 2nd is 1.1. In this case, by integrating the division risk over time, the infection risk can be calculated as shown in [Equation 3]. [Number 3] Infection risk = 1 x 1.5 + 3 x 1.1 = 4.8

[0072] As another example, suppose the number of infected people is two or more. In this case, the infection risk level is calculated for each infected person as described above, and the sum of the infection risk levels calculated for each infected person is set as the infection risk level in space SP1.

[0073] The output unit 15 outputs information related to the infection risk calculated by the third derivation unit 143. More specifically, the output unit 15 transmits the information related to the infection risk to the information terminal 5 via the communication unit 11. The display unit 55 of the information terminal 5 displays the information related to the infection risk transmitted from the output unit 15.

[0074] The display unit 55 displays, for example, the name of the space SP1 and the infection risk of the space SP1. Furthermore, when the infection risk of each of the multiple spaces SP1 is calculated in the third derivation unit 143, the display unit 55 displays, for example, the name and the infection risk of each of the multiple spaces SP1.

[0075] Furthermore, the processing unit 53 of the information terminal 5 compares the infection risk level with a predetermined threshold value. The threshold value is pre-stored in the storage unit 52. If the infection risk level is greater than the threshold value, the processing unit 53 issues a notification urging the user to refrain from entering the space SP1. For example, in this case, the processing unit 53 causes the display unit 55 to display a message stating that entry into the space SP1 is prohibited.

[0076] The facility manager can refer to the infection risk and, if the infection risk is relatively high, can take measures such as sealing off space SP1 or arranging for disinfection of space SP1.

[0077] (7) Operation flow Next, the operation flow of the infection control system 100 will be described with reference to Fig. 3. Note that the sequence diagram shown in Fig. 3 is merely one example of the operation of the infection control system 100 according to the present disclosure, and the order of processing may be changed as appropriate, and processing may be added or omitted as appropriate.

[0078] The following step ST1 is always performed. In step ST1, the entrance / exit system 200, which manages the entrance / exit of the multiple people H1 entering and exiting the space SP1, detects the stay status of each of the multiple people H1, and the detection results are accumulated in the storage unit 22 of the second server 2. That is, when each of the multiple people H1 enters or exits the space SP1, he or she holds the authentication device 4 over the detection apparatus 3, and in response, a record that the person H1 carrying the authentication device 4 has entered and exited the space SP1 is accumulated in the second server 2. In this way, the stay history is generated by the entrance / exit system 200.

[0079] The first server 1 periodically transmits a request signal to the second server 2 of the entrance / exit system 200 (step ST2). Upon receiving the request signal, the second server 2 transmits a stay history to the first server 1 (step ST3). The storage unit 12 of the first server 1 stores the stay history.

[0080] When it is determined that one or more of the people H1 entering and exiting the space SP1 is infected with an infectious disease, the administrator or the infected person inputs infection data indicating the infection status of the infected person using the information terminal 5 (step ST4). The communication unit 51 of the information terminal 5 transmits the infection data to the first server 1 (step ST5).

[0081] The infection data includes information regarding the onset time of the infectious disease. In addition, the storage unit 12 of the first server 1 stores, for each type of infectious disease, a period during which the infectious disease may be transmitted on the day of onset or on days before and after the onset (first information: see Table 1). The first server 1 compares the information regarding the onset time of the infectious disease with the first information to determine a period during which the infectious disease may be transmitted from a specific infected person to others (step ST6).

[0082] The first server 1 determines, as the risk period, a period that is included in the possible infection period and satisfies a predetermined condition (step ST7). As an example, the risk period is equal to the period during which the infected person stayed in the space SP1 during the possible infection period.

[0083] Furthermore, the first server 1 calculates the infection risk in the space SP1 based on the risk period, the infectivity information, and the environmental information (step ST8). More specifically, the first server 1 calculates a divided risk for each divided period obtained by dividing the risk period into time periods, and calculates the infection risk by integrating the divided risk over time.

[0084] The first server 1 outputs the calculated information on the infection risk level to the information terminal 5 (step ST9). The display unit 55 of the information terminal 5 displays the information on the infection risk level (step ST10).

[0085] As can be understood from the above description, the infection control method of this embodiment includes a first acquisition process, a second acquisition process, a first derivation process, a second derivation process, and a third derivation process. In the first acquisition process, a stay history, which is data accumulating the output of the detection device 3, is acquired. The detection device 3 detects the stay status of one or more people H1 in a specified space SP1. In the second acquisition process, infection data representing the infection status of an infected person infected with an infectious disease among the one or more people H1 is acquired. In the first derivation process, a contagious period is obtained based on the infection data. The contagious period is a period during which an infectious person may transmit an infectious disease to others. In the second derivation process, a period that is included in the contagious period and satisfies a predetermined condition in a judgment based on the stay history is obtained as a dangerous period. The dangerous period is a period during which the infection risk of an infectious disease is increasing in the space SP1. In the third derivation process, the infection risk of the infectious disease in the space SP1 is calculated based on the risk period, infectivity information related to the infectivity of the infectious disease, and environmental information representing the state of the space SP1 that affects the infection probability.

[0086] A program according to one embodiment is a program for causing one or more processors to execute the infection control method described above. The program may be recorded in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium.

[0087] (Modification of the first embodiment) Below, we will list some modified examples of the first embodiment. The following modified examples may be implemented in appropriate combination.

[0088] The authentication device 4 in the first embodiment is a tag 4A, more specifically, an IC tag. However, the tag 4A is not limited to an IC tag. The tag 4A may be a one-dimensional barcode or a two-dimensional barcode (QR code (registered trademark)). Alternatively, an information terminal such as a smartphone may be used as the tag 4A. Furthermore, the authentication device 4 may also function as the information terminal 5.

[0089] The detection device 3 may be installed in only one of the space SP1 and the space SP2.

[0090] The output unit 15 is not limited to a configuration that transmits information related to the infection risk level to an external device such as the information terminal 5. For example, the output unit 15 may output information related to the infection risk level to a display provided in the first server 1, and display the information on the display. Alternatively, the output unit 15 may output information related to the infection risk level to an audio device such as a speaker provided in the first server 1, and output the information as sound from the audio device. Alternatively, the output unit 15 may output information related to the infection risk level to a non-temporary recording medium (such as a USB memory).

[0091] The entrance / exit system 200 and the information terminal 5 are not essential components of the infection control system 100. In other words, the infection control system 100 does not have to include either or both of the entrance / exit system 200 and the information terminal 5.

[0092] The infection control system 100 in the present disclosure includes a computer system. The computer system is mainly composed of a processor and a memory as hardware. At least a part of the functions of the infection control system 100 in the present disclosure is realized by the processor executing a program recorded in the memory of the computer system. The program may be pre-recorded in the memory of the computer system, may be provided through an electric communication line, or may be provided by being recorded in a non-transitory recording medium such as a memory card, an optical disk, or a hard disk drive that can be read by the computer system. The processor of the computer system is composed of one or more electronic circuits including a semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) or a large-scale integrated circuit (LSI). The integrated circuits such as IC or LSI referred to here are called by different names depending on the degree of integration, and include integrated circuits called system LSI, VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration), or ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration). Furthermore, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) that is programmed after the manufacture of the LSI, or a logic device that can reconfigure the connection relationship inside the LSI or reconfigure the circuit partition inside the LSI, can also be adopted as a processor. The electronic circuits may be integrated in one chip or distributed among multiple chips. The chips may be integrated in one device or distributed among multiple devices. The computer system referred to here includes a microcontroller having one or more processors and one or more memories. Thus, the microcontroller is also composed of one or more electronic circuits including a semiconductor integrated circuit or a large-scale integrated circuit.

[0093] Furthermore, it is not essential for infection control system 100 that multiple functions in infection control system 100 are concentrated in one device, and the components of infection control system 100 may be distributed across multiple devices. Furthermore, at least some of the functions of infection control system 100, for example, some of the functions of first server 1, may be realized by cloud (cloud computing) or the like.

[0094] Conversely, in an embodiment, at least some of the functions of the infection control system 100 that are distributed among multiple devices may be consolidated into one device. For example, some of the functions of the infection control system 100 that are distributed between the first server 1 and the second server 2 may be consolidated into one device.

[0095] (Embodiment 2) An infection control system 100 according to the second embodiment will be described below with reference to Fig. 4. Configurations similar to those in the first embodiment will be given the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted. Furthermore, the configuration of the first embodiment (including modified examples) can also be appropriately applied to the second embodiment.

[0096] The authentication device 4 in this embodiment is a beacon terminal 4C. The detection device 3 is a scanner 3C. The scanner 3C receives a beacon signal transmitted from a beacon terminal 4C carried by one or more people H1 staying in the space SP1. As a result, the scanner 3C detects the staying status of the person H1 carrying the beacon terminal 4C in the space SP1. This will be described in more detail below.

[0097] The detection device 3 is installed on the ceiling of a room that constitutes the space SP1. The authentication device 4 is carried by the person H1. The authentication device 4 is, for example, a smartphone, a wearable terminal, or a tablet terminal. The authentication device 4 may be, for example, placed in a bag H11 carried by the person H1 or in a pocket of clothes worn by the person H1.

[0098] The beacon signal in this embodiment is a radio wave signal. That is, the authentication device 4 performs wireless communication using radio waves with the detection device 3. The communication method of the authentication device 4 and the detection device 3 is, for example, Bluetooth (registered trademark) Low Energy, WiFi (registered trademark), or the like.

[0099] The authentication device 4 periodically transmits a beacon signal. When a person H1 carrying the authentication device 4 enters the space SP1, the beacon signal transmitted from the authentication device 4 is received by the detection device 3. The detection device 3 measures the received signal strength of the beacon signal. The detection device 3 also transmits the beacon signal, information on the received signal strength of the beacon signal, and identification information of the detection device 3 to the second server 2. The beacon signal includes the identification information of the authentication device 4.

[0100] The processing unit 23 of the second server 2 determines that the person H1 is staying in the space SP1 when the received signal strength measured by the detection device 3 is equal to or greater than the threshold. On the other hand, the processing unit 23 determines that the person H1 is not staying in the space SP1 when the received signal strength measured by the detection device 3 is less than the threshold. Therefore, the processing unit 23 continues to determine that the person H1 is staying in the space SP1 from the time the person H1 enters the space SP1 until the time the person H1 leaves the space SP1.

[0101] In this embodiment, the visit status can be detected automatically or semi-automatically without the person H1 needing to hold the authentication device 4 over the detection apparatus 3. For example, if the person H1 has previously performed an operation to turn on the authentication device 4, the visit status can be detected.

[0102] (Embodiment 3) Hereinafter, an infection control system 100 according to embodiment 3 will be described. The same components as those in embodiment 1 will be denoted by the same reference numerals and will not be described. The components (including modified examples) in embodiments 1 and 2 can also be appropriately applied to embodiment 3.

[0103] In this embodiment, the entrance / exit system 200 includes a reader 3A and a scanner 3C. The scanner 3C is installed at the entrance / exit of the space SP1. The reader 3A is installed in the space SP1 at the entrance / exit of the space SP1 (see FIG. 2).

[0104] When either entry into or exit from space SP1 is detected, the previously detected entry or exit information is erased. When person H1 exits space SP1, the exit is detected by reader 3A. When a beacon signal is received by scanner 3C while a record remains that the exit was detected by reader 3A, processing unit 23 of second server 2 determines that person H1 has entered space SP1.

[0105] (Embodiment 4) The infection control system 100 according to the fourth embodiment will be described below. The same components as those in the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals and will not be described. The components (including modified examples) in the first and second embodiments can be appropriately applied to the fourth embodiment.

[0106] In this embodiment, the entrance / exit system 200 includes a reader 3B and a scanner 3C. The scanner 3C is installed at the entrance / exit of the space SP1. The reader 3B is installed outside the space SP1 at the entrance / exit of the space SP1 (see FIG. 2).

[0107] When either entry into or exit from space SP1 is detected, the information of the previously detected entry or exit is erased. When person H1 enters space SP1, the entry is detected by reader 3B. When a beacon signal is received by scanner 3C while a record of the entry detection by reader 3B remains, processing unit 23 of second server 2 determines that person H1 has exited space SP1.

[0108] (summary) The above-described embodiments and the like disclose the following aspects.

[0109] The infection control system (100) according to the first aspect includes a first acquisition unit (131), a second acquisition unit (132), a first derivation unit (141), a second derivation unit (142), and a third derivation unit (143). The first acquisition unit (131) acquires a stay history, which is data obtained by accumulating the output of a detection device (3). The detection device (3) detects the stay status of one or more people (H1) in a predetermined space (SP1). The second acquisition unit (132) acquires infection data indicating the infection status of an infected person who is infected with an infectious disease among the one or more people (H1). The first derivation unit (141) calculates a contagious period based on the infection data. The contagious period is a period during which an infectious person may transmit the infectious disease to others. The second derivation unit (142) calculates a period that is included in the contagious period and satisfies a predetermined condition in a determination based on the stay history as a risk period. The risk period is a period during which the risk of infection of the infectious disease is increasing in the space (SP1). The third derivation unit (143) calculates the risk of infection of the infectious disease in the space (SP1) based on the risk period, infectivity information related to the infectivity of the infectious disease, and environmental information representing the state of the space (SP1) that affects the probability of infection of the infectious disease.

[0110] According to the above configuration, the third derivation unit (143) calculates the infection risk in the space (SP1) based on the environmental information, etc., and therefore, it is possible to calculate an infection risk that is more in line with the actual situation, compared to a case in which the infection risk is calculated without using the environmental information. In other words, it is possible to improve the accuracy of calculating the infection risk.

[0111] In addition, in the infection control system (100) of the second aspect, in the first aspect, the period that satisfies the specified condition is the length of stay during which the infected person stayed in the space (SP1), or the combination of the length of stay and a specified period after the infected person leaves the space (SP1).

[0112] According to the above configuration, the infection risk can be calculated based on the status of infection of infected people in the space (SP1).

[0113] Moreover, an infection control system (100) according to a third aspect is the infection control system according to the first or second aspect, and includes one or more detection devices (3). Each of the one or more detection devices (3) is the above-mentioned detection device (3). The one or more detection devices (3) include readers (3A, 3B) installed at the entrance / exit of the space (SP1). The readers (3A, 3B) read information from tags (4A) carried by one or more persons (H1).

[0114] According to the above configuration, when it is desired to minimize the number of detection devices (3), the detection devices (3) need only be installed at the entrances and exits of the space (SP1), so that the number of detection devices (3) can be reduced.

[0115] Moreover, an infection control system (100) according to a fourth aspect is any one of the first to third aspects and includes one or more detection devices (3). Each of the one or more detection devices (3) is the above-mentioned detection device (3). The one or more detection devices (3) include a scanner (3C) that receives a beacon signal transmitted from a beacon terminal (4C) carried by one or more people (H1) staying in the space (SP1).

[0116] According to the above configuration, the detection device (3) can automatically or semi-automatically detect the presence of one or more people (H1) in the space (SP1).

[0117] In addition, in an infection control system (100) according to a fifth aspect, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, the infection data includes a label of the infectious disease to which the infected person is infected, identification information of the infected person, and information regarding the onset time of the infectious disease.

[0118] According to the above configuration, the third derivation unit (143) can calculate the infection risk level based on the infection data.

[0119] In addition, in the infection control system (100) according to a sixth aspect, in any one of the first to fifth aspects, the infectivity information includes information on the transmissibility of the infectious disease in the period before and after the onset of the infectious disease.

[0120] According to the above configuration, the third lead-out unit (143) can calculate the infection risk level based on the infectivity information.

[0121] In addition, in an infection control system (100) according to a seventh aspect, in any one of the first to sixth aspects, the environmental information includes at least one of information regarding the size of the space (SP1), information regarding the mutual distance between multiple people (H1) in the space (SP1), and information regarding the ventilation status of the space (SP1).

[0122] According to the above configuration, the third derivation section (143) can calculate the infection risk level based on the environmental information.

[0123] In addition, the infection control system (100) according to an eighth aspect is the infection control system (100) according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, further including an output unit (15). The output unit (15) outputs information on the infection risk calculated by the third derivation unit (143).

[0124] According to the above configuration, facility users and others can understand the risk of infection.

[0125] Configurations other than those of the first aspect are not essential to the infection control system (100) and may be omitted as appropriate.

[0126] Moreover, the infection control method according to the ninth aspect includes a first acquisition process, a second acquisition process, a first derivation process, a second derivation process, and a third derivation process. In the first acquisition process, a stay history, which is data accumulating the output of a detection device (3), is acquired. The detection device (3) detects the stay status of one or more people (H1) in a predetermined space (SP1). In the second acquisition process, infection data representing the infection status of an infected person infected with an infectious disease among the one or more people (H1) is acquired. In the first derivation process, a contagious period is obtained based on the infection data. The contagious period is a period during which an infectious disease may be transmitted from an infected person to others. In the second derivation process, a period that is included in the contagious period and satisfies a predetermined condition in a judgment based on the stay history is obtained as a risk period. The risk period is a period during which the risk of infection of an infectious disease is increasing in the space (SP1). In the third derivation process, the risk of infection in a space (SP1) is calculated based on the risk period, infectivity information regarding the infectivity of the infectious disease, and environmental information representing the state of the space (SP1) that affects the probability of infection.

[0127] According to the above configuration, the accuracy of calculating the infection risk can be improved.

[0128] A program according to a tenth aspect is a program for causing one or more processors to execute the infection countermeasure method according to the ninth aspect.

[0129] According to the above configuration, the accuracy of calculating the infection risk can be improved.

[0130] Not limited to the above aspects, various configurations (including modified examples) of the infection control system (100) according to the embodiment can be embodied in an infection control method, a (computer) program, or a non-transitory recording medium having a program recorded thereon. [Explanation of symbols]

[0131] 3. Detection Device 3A, 3B Reader 3C Scanner 4A Tag 4C Beacon Terminal 15 Output section 100 Infection Control System 131 First acquisition part 132 Second Acquisition Department 141 First derivation part 142 Second derivation part 143 Third Derivation H1 people SP1 Space

Claims

1. A first acquisition unit that acquires a stay history that is data that accumulates an output of a detection device that detects a stay status of one or more people in a predetermined space; A second acquisition unit that acquires infection data representing an infection status of an infected person infected with an infectious disease among the one or more people; a first derivation unit that calculates a contagious period during which the infectious disease may be transmitted from the infected person to another person based on the infection data; a second derivation unit that determines a period that is included in the infectious period and that satisfies a predetermined condition in the determination based on the stay history as a dangerous period, which is a period during which the infection risk in the space is increasing; and a third derivation unit that calculates the infection risk of the infectious disease in the space based on the risk period, infectivity information related to the infectivity of the infectious disease, and environmental information representing a state of the space that affects the infection probability of the infectious disease. Infection control system.

2. The period during which the specified conditions are satisfied is: The length of stay during which the infected person stayed in the space, or The period is the sum of the stay period and a predetermined period after the infected person leaves the space, The infection control system according to claim 1 .

3. one or more sensing devices, each of the one or more sensing devices being the sensing device; The one or more detection devices are installed at an entrance or exit of the space and include a reader that reads information from a tag carried by the one or more persons. The infection control system according to claim 1 or 2.

4. one or more sensing devices, each of the one or more sensing devices being the sensing device; The one or more detection devices include a scanner that receives a beacon signal transmitted from a beacon terminal carried by the one or more persons staying in the space, An infection control system according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The infection data includes: a label for the infectious disease that the infected person is infected with; Identification information of the infected person; and information regarding the onset time of the infection. An infection control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The infectiousness information includes information regarding the transmissibility of the infectious disease in a period before and after the onset of the infectious disease. An infection control system according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The environmental information is Information regarding the size of the space; and Information regarding distances between a plurality of people in the space; and and information regarding the ventilation status of the space. An infection control system according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. An output unit that outputs information regarding the infection risk calculated by the third derivation unit, An infection control system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A first acquisition process for acquiring a stay history which is data accumulating an output of a detection device which detects a stay status of one or more people in a predetermined space; A second acquisition process for acquiring infection data representing an infection status of an infected person among the one or more people who is infected with an infectious disease; A first derivation process for determining a contagious period during which the infectious disease may be transmitted from the infected person to another person based on the infection data; a second derivation process for determining a period that is included in the infectious period and that satisfies a predetermined condition in the determination based on the stay history as a dangerous period, which is a period during which the infection risk in the space is increasing; and a third derivation process for calculating the infection risk of the infectious disease in the space based on the risk period, infectivity information related to the infectivity of the infectious disease, and environmental information representing a state of the space that affects the infection probability of the infectious disease. causing one or more processors to execute the infection control method; program.

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