Systems and methods for wirelessly transmitting glucose data - Patents.com

Abstract

To provide systems, devices and methods for wireless communication of analyte data.SOLUTION: One of such methods includes, during a first interval, establishing a first connection between an analyte sensor system and a display device. During the first connection, the method includes exchanging information related to authentication between the analyte sensor system and the display device. The method includes making a determination regarding whether authentication was performed during the first interval. During a second interval, the method may include establishing a second connection between the analyte sensor system and the display device for transmission of an encrypted analyte value, and bypassing the exchange of the information related to the authentication performed during the first connection. The method also includes, during the second interval, the analyte sensor system transmitting the encrypted analyte value to the display device, if the determination indicates that the authentication was performed during the first interval.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1A

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE OF RELATED APPLICATIONS Any and all priority claims or any amendments thereto identified in the Application Data Sheet are incorporated herein by reference under 37 CFR 1.57. This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 364,771, filed July 20, 2016. The aforementioned applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties and expressly made a part hereof.

[0002] The present disclosure relates generally to continuous monitoring of analyte values ​​received from an analyte sensor system. More specifically, the present disclosure is directed to systems, methods, apparatus, and devices for wirelessly communicating glucose data. [Background technology]

[0003] Diabetes mellitus is a disorder in which the pancreas cannot make enough insulin (type I or insulin-dependent) and / or insulin is ineffective (type 2 or non-insulin-dependent). In the diabetic state, affected individuals suffer from hyperglycemia, which causes a number of physiological abnormalities associated with microvascular deterioration (kidney failure, skin ulcers, or bleeding into the vitreous of the eye). Hypoglycemic reactions (hypoglycemia) can be triggered by inadvertent overdosing of insulin, or by extreme exercise or inadequate food intake after regular dosing of insulin or glucose-lowering agents.

[0004] Traditionally, diabetics carry self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) monitors, which typically require an uncomfortable finger prick method. Due to lack of comfort and convenience, diabetics usually only measure their glucose levels two to four times a day. Unfortunately, these time intervals are spread out so far apart that it may be too late to inform the diabetics of a hyperglycemic or hypoglycemic condition, sometimes resulting in dangerous side effects. In fact, not only may diabetics not be able to get their SMBG readings in a timely manner, but diabetics may also not know if their blood glucose levels are rising (higher) or falling (lower) due to the limitations of the traditional method.

[0005] As a result, a variety of non-invasive, transcutaneous (e.g., transdermal), and / or implantable electrochemical sensors have been developed for continuously detecting and / or quantifying blood glucose levels. These devices generally transmit raw or minimally processed data for subsequent analysis to a remote device, which may include a display. Transmission to a wireless display device may be wireless.

[0006] With respect to wireless transmission of glucose and other analyte data collected using an implanted sensor, the battery life of the transmitter working in conjunction with the sensor is typically a concern. To conserve battery life or to increase the efficiency associated with the transmission of glucose and other analyte data, the transmission may have to be intermittent, for example. However, intermittent transmission of monitored data may pose reliability issues. Thus, in some instances, reliability has been sacrificed with respect to the battery life of conventional sensor systems. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In a first embodiment, a method for wirelessly communicating analyte data includes establishing a first connection between an analyte sensor system and a display device during a first interval. The method further includes exchanging information related to authentication between the analyte sensor system and the display device during the first connection. In addition, the method includes making a determination regarding whether authentication occurred during the first interval. The method also includes the analyte sensor system transmitting an encrypted analyte value to the display device during a second interval if the determination indicates that authentication occurred during the first interval.

[0008] In a particular implementation of the first aspect, which may be generally applicable but is also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the first aspect, the authentication related information includes an application key. In an embodiment, the method includes encrypting the analyte value using the application key to generate an encrypted analyte value. In an embodiment, the characteristics of the application key are based on one or more of a data type encrypted by the application key, a network environment, and a user setting. In an embodiment, the method further includes modifying the application key in response to one or more of the following: the passage of a predetermined amount of time, a restart of the analyte sensor system or the display device, a trigger associated with another device attempting to connect to the analyte sensor system, and a user input. In an embodiment, the application key was received by the display device from a server.

[0009] In a particular implementation of the first aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes establishing a second connection between the analyte sensor system and the display device for transmitting the analyte value encrypted by the analyte sensor system during the second interval, and bypassing the exchange of information related to authentication performed during the first connection.

[0010] In a particular implementation of the first aspect, which may be generally applicable but is also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the first aspect, at least a portion of the encrypted analyte value is transmitted to the display device in one or more advertisement messages transmitted by the analyte sensor system. In an embodiment, the method further includes determining a number of advertisement messages to use to transmit the encrypted analyte value. In an embodiment, if the number of advertisement messages to use to transmit the encrypted analyte value is determined to be greater than one, a first one of the one or more advertisement messages includes a first portion of the encrypted analyte value and an indication that a second one of the one or more advertisement messages includes a second portion of the encrypted analyte value. If the number of advertisement messages to use to transmit the encrypted analyte value is determined to be one, a first one of the one or more advertisement messages can include the encrypted analyte value.

[0011] In a particular implementation of the first aspect, which may be generally applicable but is also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the first aspect, exchanging authentication related information includes performing two-way authentication. In an embodiment, performing two-way authentication includes a number of operations. Such operations include the analyte sensor system transmitting a first value to a display device. Such operations include the analyte sensor system receiving a second value and a third value from the display device. The second value is based on the first value and the application key. Such operations include the analyte sensor system verifying the second value. Another such operation includes the analyte sensor system generating a fourth value using the third value. Furthermore, such operations include the analyte sensor system transmitting the fourth value to the display device for verification.

[0012] In a particular implementation of the first aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the first aspect, exchanging authentication related information includes a number of operations. Such operations include the analyte sensor system receiving a first value from the display device. An additional operation includes the analyte sensor system generating a second value based on the first value and the application key. A further operation includes the analyte sensor system transmitting the second value to the display device for verification by the display device.

[0013] In a particular implementation of the first aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the first aspect, the authentication-related information includes an application key used to generate the encrypted analyte value, In some such cases, using the application key to encrypt the analyte value and generate the encrypted analyte value allows for bypassing the exchange of authentication-related information during the second interval.

[0014] In certain implementations of the first aspect, which may be generally applicable but are also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementations of the first aspect, establishing the first connection and exchanging authentication-related information is performed using a first wireless protocol. In some such cases, transmitting the encrypted analyte value to the display device is performed using a second wireless protocol that is different from the first wireless protocol. In embodiments, using the first wireless protocol allows for bypassing the exchange of authentication-related information during the second interval.

[0015] In a second embodiment, a method for wirelessly communicating analyte data includes exchanging authentication-related information with a display device using a first wireless protocol during a first interval. The method also includes bypassing the exchange of authentication-related information by transmitting an encrypted analyte value to the display device using a second wireless protocol during a second interval. The encrypted analyte value was generated using the authentication-related information. The first wireless protocol is different from the second wireless protocol. The first wireless protocol can be WiFi or Near Field Communication (NFC). The second wireless protocol can be Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE).

[0016] In certain implementations of the second aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementations of the second aspect, the authentication-related information includes an application key, In some such implementations, the method further includes the display device receiving the application key from the server.

[0017] In a third aspect, an analyte sensor system configured to wirelessly communicate analyte data includes an analyte sensor. The analyte sensor system also includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. Additionally, the analyte sensor system includes a processor operatively coupled to the analyte sensor and the transceiver and configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform certain operations. Such operations include establishing a first connection between the analyte sensor system and a display device during a first interval. Such operations include exchanging information related to authentication between the analyte sensor system and the display device during the first connection. Such operations include making a determination regarding whether authentication occurred during the first interval. Additionally, such operations include transmitting an encrypted analyte value to the display device during a second interval if the determination indicates that authentication occurred during the first interval.

[0018] In a particular implementation of the third aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the third aspect, the authentication related information includes an application key, and the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to encrypt the analyte value to generate an encrypted analyte value.

[0019] In a particular implementation of the third aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the third aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform a particular operation. Such operation includes establishing a second connection between the analyte sensor system and the display device during the second interval. Such operation includes bypassing exchange of authentication-related information during the second connection.

[0020] In a particular implementation of the third aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the third aspect, the authentication related information includes an application key, and the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to encrypt the analyte value using the application key to generate an encrypted analyte value. Use of the application key may enable the analyte sensor system to bypass the exchange.

[0021] In a particular implementation of the third aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the third aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform particular operations. Such operations include establishing a first connection and exchanging authentication-related information using a first wireless protocol. Such operations include transmitting encrypted analyte data using a second wireless protocol. The first wireless protocol may enable bypassing the exchange of authentication-related information during the second interval.

[0022] In a fourth aspect, a mobile device configured to wirelessly communicate analyte data with an analyte sensor system includes a user interface. The mobile device also includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. Additionally, the mobile device includes a circuit operatively coupled to the user interface and the transceiver. The mobile device includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium operatively coupled to the circuit and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the circuit to perform certain operations. Such operations include establishing a first connection between the analyte sensor system and the mobile device during a first interval. Such operations include exchanging information related to authentication between the analyte sensor system and the mobile device during the first connection. Moreover, such operations include obtaining a determination regarding whether authentication occurred during the first interval. Such operations also include receiving an encrypted analyte value from the analyte sensor system during a second interval if the determination indicates that authentication occurred during the first interval.

[0023] In a fifth aspect, a system includes a display device. The system also includes an analyte sensor system. The analyte sensor system includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The analyte sensor system also includes a processor operatively coupled to the analyte sensor and the transceiver and configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform certain operations. Such operations include establishing a first connection between the analyte sensor system and the display device during a first interval. Such operations include exchanging information related to authentication between the analyte sensor system and the display device during the first connection. Furthermore, such operations include making a determination regarding whether authentication occurred during the first interval. Such operations also include transmitting the encrypted analyte value to the display device during a second interval if the determination indicates that authentication occurred during the first interval.

[0024] In a particular implementation of the fifth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the fifth aspect, the system further includes a server configured to transmit at least a portion of the authentication-related information to one or more of the analyte sensor system and the display device.

[0025] In a sixth aspect, a method for wirelessly communicating analyte data includes establishing a first connection between an analyte sensor system and a first display device and exchanging pairing information between the analyte sensor system and the first display device. The method also includes maintaining the first connection by periodically exchanging messages between the analyte sensor system and the first display device. The method also includes the analyte sensor system transmitting the analyte data to the first display device when the analyte data is available for transmission while the analyte sensor system and the display device maintain the connection.

[0026] In a particular implementation of the sixth aspect, which may be generally applicable, but is also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the sixth aspect, establishing the first connection includes performing two-way authentication between the analyte sensor system and the first display device. Performing two-way authentication may include one or more additional operations. Such operations include the analyte sensor system transmitting a first value to the first display device. Such operations include the analyte sensor system receiving a second value and a third value from the first display device. The second value is based on the first value and the application key. Such operations include the analyte sensor system verifying the second value. Such operations include the analyte sensor system generating a fourth value using the third value. Such operations also include the analyte sensor system transmitting the fourth value to the first display device for verification.

[0027] In a particular implementation of the sixth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the sixth aspect, the combination of periodically exchanging messages and transmitting the analyte data to the first display device when the analyte data becomes available for transmission is performed in response to an indication of a user preference for the first display device.

[0028] In a particular implementation of the sixth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the sixth aspect, a combination of periodic exchange of messages and transmission of analyte data to a display device at the time the analyte data becomes available for transmission is adaptively performed.

[0029] In a particular implementation of the sixth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the sixth aspect, the messages periodically exchanged between the analyte sensor system and the first display device include a first message and a second message, the first and second messages being configured to be exchanged sequentially, and the first message includes a messaging interval corresponding to a scheduled amount of time between the sequential exchange of the first message and the second message.

[0030] In a particular implementation of the sixth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the sixth aspect, each of the messages exchanged periodically between the analyte sensor system and the first display device includes a message interval corresponding to the amount of time until the next subsequent message is exchanged.

[0031] In a particular implementation of the sixth aspect, which may be generally applicable, but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the sixth aspect, the method further includes sending a request to modify the message interval. The method also includes the analyte sensor system ceasing to periodically exchange messages with the first display device, such that the analyte sensor system and the display device do not maintain a connection in response to the request being denied.

[0032] In a particular implementation of the sixth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the sixth aspect, each of the messages periodically exchanged between the analyte sensor system and the first display device includes a timeout value. The method may further include the analyte sensor system terminating the periodically exchanging of messages with the first display device, such that if the timeout value included in a first one of the messages is exceeded before a second one of the messages subsequent to the first message is exchanged, the analyte sensor system and the first display device do not maintain a connection.

[0033] In a particular implementation of the sixth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the sixth aspect, the method further includes the first display device establishing a second connection with the second display device such that the first display device and the second display device maintain the connection. The method also includes the first display device transmitting information related to the analyte data to the second display device after receiving the analyte data from the analyte sensor system while the first and second display devices maintain the connection.

[0034] In a seventh embodiment, a method for wirelessly communicating analyte data includes establishing a first connection between the analyte sensor system and a first display device and exchanging pairing information between the analyte sensor system and the first display device. The method also includes operating in a first mode. Operating in the first mode includes the analyte sensor system periodically exchanging messages with the first display device such that the analyte sensor system and the first display device maintain the connection. While the analyte sensor system and the first display device maintain the connection, operating in the first mode includes the analyte sensor system transmitting the analyte data to the first display device when the analyte data becomes available for transmission. Additionally, the method includes operating in a second mode. Operating in the second mode includes periodically establishing a second connection between the analyte sensor system and the first display device. After the second connection is established, operating in the second mode includes transmitting the analyte data to the first display device.

[0035] In a particular implementation of the seventh aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementations of the seventh aspect, operating in the first mode occurs in response to instructions related to one or more of: user input regarding usage preferences for the first display device, date and time, location, packet loss, and a priority scheme involving the first display device.

[0036] In a particular implementation of the seventh aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the seventh aspect, operating in the second mode occurs when the analyte sensor system is transmitting analyte data and is not operating in the first mode.

[0037] In a particular implementation of the seventh aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the seventh aspect, the method includes, while operating in the first mode, the analyte sensor system transmitting the analyte data to a first display device, the analyte sensor system transmitting the analyte data to a second display device not connected to the analyte sensor system.

[0038] In a particular implementation of the seventh aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in relation to any other implementation of the seventh aspect, the method further includes switching between operating in the first mode and operating in the second mode.

[0039] In an eighth embodiment, an analyte sensor system configured to wirelessly communicate analyte data includes an analyte sensor. The analyte sensor system also includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. Additionally, the analyte sensor system includes a processor operatively coupled to the analyte sensor and the transceiver and configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform several operations. Such operations include establishing a first connection between the analyte sensor system and a first display device and exchanging pairing information between the analyte sensor system and the first display device. Such operations include maintaining the first connection by periodically exchanging messages between the analyte sensor system and the first display device. Additionally, during the first connection, transmitting the analyte data to the first display device when the analyte data is available for transmission.

[0040] In a particular implementation of the eighth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in relation to any other implementation of the eighth aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform two-way authentication in relation to the established first connection.

[0041] In a particular implementation of the eighth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the eighth aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to maintain the first connection and transmit the analyte data to the first display device when the analyte data becomes available for transmission in response to an indication of a user preference of the first display device.

[0042] In a particular implementation of the eighth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the eighth aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to maintain the first connection and adaptively transmit the analyte data to the first display device when the analyte data becomes available for transmission.

[0043] In a particular implementation of the eighth aspect, which may be generally applicable, but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the eighth aspect, the messages periodically exchanged between the analyte sensor system and the first display device include a first message and a second message. Moreover, the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to sequentially exchange the first and second messages with the first display device. The first message includes a messaging interval corresponding to a scheduled amount of time between the exchange of the first and second messages. The processor can be further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to modify the messaging interval.

[0044] In a ninth embodiment, a system includes a first display device and an analyte sensor system. The analyte sensor system includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The analyte sensor system also includes a processor operatively coupled to the analyte sensor and the transceiver and configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform certain operations. One such operation is to establish a first connection between the analyte sensor system and the first display device and exchange pairing information between the analyte sensor system and the first display device. One such operation is to maintain the first connection by periodically exchanging messages between the analyte sensor system and the first display device. Another such operation is to transmit analyte data to the first display device during the first connection when the analyte data is available for transmission. The analyte sensor system also includes a second display device. The first display device is configured to establish a second connection with the second display device such that the connection between the first and second display devices is maintained. The first display device is further configured to transmit information related to the analyte data to the second display device after receiving the analyte data from the analyte sensor system while the first and second display devices maintain a connection.

[0045] In a tenth aspect, an analyte sensor system configured to wirelessly communicate analyte data includes an analyte sensor. The analyte sensor system also includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The analyte sensor system also includes a processor operatively coupled to the analyte sensor and the transceiver and configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform certain operations. One such operation is establishing a first connection between the analyte sensor system and a first display device and exchanging pairing information between the analyte sensor system and the first display device. Another such operation is operating in a first mode, where messages are periodically exchanged with the first display device such that a connection between the analyte sensor system and the first display device is maintained, and where the analyte sensor system transmits analyte data to the first display device when the analyte data is available for transmission. Another such operation is operating in a second mode, where a second connection with the first display device is periodically established for transmitting analyte data.

[0046] In a particular implementation of the tenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the tenth aspect, the processor is further configured to operate the analyte sensor system in a second mode when the analyte sensor system is transmitting data and is not operating in the first mode.

[0047] In a particular implementation of the tenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the tenth aspect, the processor is further configured to operate the analyte sensor system in a first mode in response to instructions related to one or more of: user input related to user preferences for the first display device, date and time, location, packet loss, and a priority scheme including the first display device.

[0048] In an eleventh embodiment, a method for connecting an analyte sensor system to an analyte display device and a second display device includes using an advertisement duration structure when attempting to pair the analyte sensor system with the analyte display device and the second display device. According to the advertisement duration structure, the advertisement duration includes a first time segment and a second time segment. The first time segment is assigned to the second display device. The second time segment is assigned to the analyte display device. The first time segment precedes the second time segment within the advertisement duration. The method also includes reconfiguring the advertisement duration structure such that the second time segment precedes the first time segment. The first time segment can be about 20 seconds long and the second time segment can be about 2 seconds long.

[0049] In a particular implementation of the eleventh aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the eleventh aspect, reconfiguring the advertisement duration structure includes extending the first time segment to a time width that is equal to or less than the remainder of the advertisement duration.

[0050] In a twelfth aspect, an analyte sensor system configured to wirelessly communicate analyte data includes an analyte sensor and a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The analyte sensor system also includes a processor operatively coupled to the analyte sensor and the transceiver and configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform certain operations. One such operation is to transmit an advertisement message according to an advertisement duration structure when attempting to pair the analyte sensor system with an analyte display device and a second display device. According to the advertisement duration structure, the advertisement duration includes a first time segment and a second time segment. The first time segment is assigned to the second display device. The second time segment is assigned to the analyte display device. The first time segment precedes the second time segment within the advertisement duration. Another such operation is to reconfigure the advertisement duration structure such that the second time segment precedes the first time segment.

[0051] In a thirteenth embodiment, a method for connecting an analyte sensor system to an analyte display device and a second display device includes evaluating a value indicating whether the analyte sensor system is paired with the second display device. If the value indicates that the analyte sensor system is paired with the second display device, the method includes setting a first time segment of a first advertisement duration to a first length and transmitting a first set of advertisement messages to the second display device during the first time segment. If the value indicates that the analyte sensor system is not paired with the second display device, the method includes setting the first time segment to a second length and transmitting a second set of advertisement messages to the second display device during the first time segment if the second length is less than the first length and the second length is not zero seconds. The second length can be about 7 seconds. The first length can be about 20 seconds. The value can be an entry on a list, and the entry can correspond to the second display device.

[0052] In a particular implementation of the thirteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the thirteenth aspect, the method further includes setting the second length to zero seconds if the value indicates that the analyte sensor system has not been paired with the second display device.

[0053] In a particular implementation of the thirteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in relation to any other implementation of the thirteenth aspect, the method further includes setting the first time segment to a first length in response to signaling received via short-range wireless communication.

[0054] In a fourteenth embodiment, an analyte sensor system configured to wirelessly communicate analyte data includes an analyte sensor. The analyte sensor system also includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The analyte sensor system also includes a processor operatively coupled to the analyte sensor and the transceiver and configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform a particular operation. Such operations include evaluating a value indicative of whether the analyte sensor system has been paired with a second display device. Such operations include setting a first time segment of a first advertisement duration to a first length if the value indicates that the analyte sensor system has been paired with the second display device, and transmitting a first set of advertisement messages to the second display device during the first time segment. Such operations also include setting the first time segment to a second length if the value indicates that the analyte sensor system has not been paired with the second display device, and transmitting a second set of advertisement messages to the second display device during the first time segment if the second length is not zero seconds. The second length is less than the first length.

[0055] In a fifteenth embodiment, a method for connecting an analyte sensor system to an analyte display device and a second display device includes transmitting a first set of advertisement messages to the second display device according to a first advertisement interval during a first time segment within the advertisement duration. During a second time segment within the advertisement duration, the method includes transmitting a second set of advertisement messages to the analyte display device according to a second advertisement interval. One or more of the first advertisement interval, the second advertisement interval, the length of the first time segment, the length of the second time segment, the advertisement duration, and the sequence of the first and second time segments are configurable. The first advertisement interval can be configurable to be between about 20 milliseconds and about 90 milliseconds. The advertisement duration can be configurable between about 2 seconds and about 90 seconds.

[0056] In a particular implementation of the fifteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in relation to any other implementation of the fifteenth aspect, the method further includes changing the sequence of the first and second time segments such that the second time segment precedes the first time segment.

[0057] In a particular implementation of the fifteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the fifteenth aspect, the method further includes altering the sequence of the first and second time segments based on a value indicating whether the analyte sensor system is paired with a second display device.

[0058] In a particular implementation of the fifteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the fifteenth aspect, the method further includes obtaining an indication of a quality of a connection between the analyte sensor system and the analyte indicating device, and modifying one or more of a length of the second time segment and a second advertisement interval based on the indication of quality.

[0059] In a particular implementation of the fifteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the fifteenth aspect, modifying one or more of the length of the second time segment and the second advertisement interval is performed by the analyte sensor system in response to a signal received from the analyte display device.

[0060] In a particular implementation of the fifteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the fifteenth aspect, the method further includes comparing the indication of quality with a threshold. If the indication of quality exceeds the threshold, modifying one or more of the length of the second time segment and the second advertising interval includes one or more of decreasing the length of the second time segment and increasing the second advertising interval. If the indication of quality is below the threshold, modifying one or more of the length of the second time segment and the second advertising interval includes one or more of increasing the length of the second time segment and decreasing the second advertising interval. The quality is determined using one or more of a received signal strength indication (RSSI) and a return trip delay time (RTDT).

[0061] In a particular implementation of the fifteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the fifteenth aspect, the method further includes taking measurements of one or more of RSSI and RTDT. Taking the measurements may be performed by one or more of an analyte sensor system and an analyte indicating device. The method also includes determining quality based on the measurements.

[0062] In a particular implementation of the fifteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the fifteenth aspect, the method further includes obtaining an indication of a quality of a connection between the analyte sensor system and the second display device. The method also includes modifying one or more of a length of the first time segment and a first advertisement interval based on the indication of quality.

[0063] In a particular implementation of the fifteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the fifteenth aspect, modifying one or more of the length of the first time segment and the first advertisement interval is performed by the analyte sensor system in response to a signal received from the analyte display device.

[0064] In a particular implementation of the fifteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the fifteenth aspect, the method further includes comparing the indication of quality with a threshold. If the indication of quality exceeds the threshold, modifying one or more of the length of the first time segment and the first advertising interval includes one or more of decreasing the length of the first time segment and increasing the first advertising interval. If the indication of quality is below the threshold, modifying one or more of the length of the first time segment and the first advertising interval includes one or more of increasing the length of the first time segment and decreasing the first advertising interval. The quality is determined using one or more of the RSSI and the RTDT.

[0065] In a particular implementation of the fifteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the fifteenth aspect, the method further includes taking measurements of one or more of the RSSI and the RTDT. The method also includes determining the quality based on the measurements. Taking the measurements may be performed by one or more of the analyte sensor system and the second display device.

[0066] In a particular implementation of the fifteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the fifteenth aspect, the method further includes modifying one or more of the length of the first time segment, the first advertisement interval, the length of the second time segment, the second advertisement interval, and the sequence of the first and second time segments based on instructions associated with one or more of the location of the analyte sensor system and the location of the second display device.

[0067] In a particular implementation of the fifteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the fifteenth aspect, the method further includes modifying one or more of the length of the second time segment, the second advertisement interval, and the sequence of the first and second time segments based on instructions associated with one or more of the location of the analyte sensor system and the location of the analyte display device.

[0068] In a particular implementation of the fifteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in relation to any other implementation of the fifteenth aspect, the method further includes modifying one or more of the length of the first time segment, the first advertisement interval, the length of the second time segment, the second advertisement interval, and the sequence of the first and second time segments based on an instruction related to a date and time.

[0069] In a particular implementation of the fifteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementations of the fifteenth aspect, the method further includes generating an indication of a battery life for the analyte sensor system. The method also includes modifying one or more of a length of the first time segment, a first advertisement interval, a length of the second time segment, a second advertisement interval, and a sequence of the first and second time segments based on the indication of the battery life.

[0070] In a sixteenth embodiment, an analyte sensor system configured to wirelessly communicate analyte data includes an analyte sensor. The analyte sensor system also includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. In addition, the analyte sensor system includes a processor operatively coupled to the analyte sensor and the transceiver and configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform a particular operation. One such operation is to transmit a first set of advertisement messages to a second display device according to a first advertisement interval during a first time segment within the advertisement duration. Another such operation is to transmit a second set of advertisement messages to an analyte display device according to a second advertisement interval during a second time segment within the advertisement duration. One or more of the first advertisement interval, the second advertisement interval, the length of the first time segment, the length of the second time segment, the advertisement duration, and the sequence of the first and second time segments are configurable.

[0071] In a particular implementation of the sixteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the sixteenth aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to vary the sequence of the first and second time segments. The analyte sensor system may vary the sequence of the first and second time segments based on a value indicating whether the second display device is present in the list.

[0072] In a particular implementation of the sixteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the sixteenth aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to obtain a value of an input parameter associated with the analyte indicating device, and to modify one or more of the length of the second time segment and the second advertisement interval based on the value of the input parameter.

[0073] In a particular implementation of the sixteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the sixteenth aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to obtain a value of an input parameter associated with the second display device. In addition, the processor is configured to cause the analyte sensor system to modify one or more of the length of the first time segment and the first advertisement interval based on the value of the input parameter.

[0074] In a seventeenth embodiment, a method for connecting an analyte sensor system to an analyte display device and a second display device includes transmitting a first set of advertisement messages to the second display device during a first time segment within an advertisement duration. The method also includes transmitting a second set of advertisement messages to the analyte display device during a second time segment within the advertisement duration if a length of the second time segment is not set to zero seconds. The method also includes transmitting a third set of advertisement messages to the second display device during a third time segment within the advertisement duration if a condition is met.

[0075] In a particular implementation of the seventeenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the seventeenth aspect, transmitting the first set of advertisement messages is performed according to a first advertisement interval. The first advertisement interval may be about 20 milliseconds. The length of the first time segment may be about 10 seconds.

[0076] In a particular implementation of the seventeenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the seventeenth aspect, transmitting the third set of advertisement messages is performed according to a third advertisement interval. The third advertisement interval may be about 152.5 milliseconds. The length of the third time segment may be about 60 seconds.

[0077] In a particular implementation of the seventeenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the seventeenth aspect, the condition is met if the second display device does not connect to the analyte sensor system during the first time segment.

[0078] In a particular implementation of the seventeenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the seventeenth aspect, the method further includes setting a length of the second time segment to zero to disable connection to the analyte display device.

[0079] In a particular implementation of the seventeenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the seventeenth aspect, the method further includes obtaining an indication of a quality of a connection between the analyte sensor system and the second display device. The method also includes determining whether a condition is met based on the indication of quality. Determining whether a condition is met may be performed by the analyte sensor system in response to a signal received from the second display device. Determining whether a condition is met may include comparing the indication of quality to a threshold value. The quality may have been determined using one or more of a received signal strength indication (RSSI) and a return trip delay time (RTDT).

[0080] In a particular implementation of the seventeenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the seventeenth aspect, the method further includes taking measurements of one or more of the RSSI and the RTDT. The method also includes determining a quality based on the measurements. Taking the measurements may be performed by one or more of the analyte sensor system and the second display device.

[0081] In a particular implementation of the seventeenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the seventeenth aspect, the method further includes determining whether a condition is met based on an indication associated with one or more of the location of the analyte sensor system and the location of the second display device.

[0082] In a particular implementation of the seventeenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the seventeenth aspect, the method further includes determining whether a condition has been met based on an indication related to a date and time.

[0083] In a particular implementation of the seventeenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the seventeenth aspect, the method further includes generating an indication of a battery life for the analyte sensor system. The method further includes determining whether a condition has been satisfied based on the indication of the battery life.

[0084] In a particular implementation of the seventeenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the seventeenth aspect, the first time segment precedes the second time segment, and the second time segment precedes the third time segment.

[0085] In a particular implementation of the seventeenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the seventeenth aspect, the second time segment precedes the first time segment, and the first time segment precedes the third time segment.

[0086] In a particular implementation of the seventeenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the seventeenth aspect, the method further includes configuring the second time segment to precede the first time segment and the first time segment to precede the third time segment based on an input parameter. The input parameter may be based on one or more of a location of the analyte display device and a location of the second display device. The input parameter may be based on an indication of a quality of a connection with the analyte sensor system. The indication may have been determined based on one or more of a received signal strength and a return trip delay time. The input parameter may be based on a date and time. The input parameter may be based on an indication of a battery life of the analyte sensor system.

[0087] In an eighteenth embodiment, a system for wirelessly communicating analyte data includes an analyte sensor system configured to transmit analyte sensor data and advertisement messages to one or more of a plurality of display devices during an advertisement duration. The system also includes a second display device of the plurality of display devices. The second display device is configured to receive and respond to a first set of advertisement messages transmitted from the analyte sensor system during a first time segment within the advertisement duration. The system also includes an analyte display device of the plurality of display devices. The analyte display device is configured to receive and respond to a second set of advertisement messages transmitted from the analyte sensor system during a second time segment within the advertisement duration if the length of the second time segment is not set to zero seconds. The second display device is further configured to receive a third set of advertisement messages during a third time segment of the advertisement duration if a condition is met.

[0088] In a particular implementation of the 18th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 18th aspect, the condition is met if the second display device does not connect to the analyte sensor system during the first time segment.

[0089] In a particular implementation of the eighteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the eighteenth aspect, the analyte sensor system is further configured to set a length of the second time segment to zero to disable connection to the analyte display device.

[0090] In a particular implementation of the eighteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the eighteenth aspect, one or more of the analyte sensor system, the second display device, and the analyte display device are further configured to obtain an indication regarding one or more connections to be made to the analyte sensor system and determine, based on the indication, whether a condition has been satisfied.

[0091] In a particular implementation of the eighteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the eighteenth aspect, one or more of the analyte sensor system, the second display device, and the analyte display device are further configured to determine whether a condition is met by comparing the indication to a threshold value.

[0092] In a particular implementation of the eighteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the eighteenth aspect, the first time segment precedes the second time segment, and the second time segment precedes the third time segment.

[0093] In a particular implementation of the eighteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the eighteenth aspect, the second time segment precedes the first time segment, and the first time segment precedes the third time segment.

[0094] In a particular implementation of the eighteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the eighteenth aspect, the analyte sensor system is further configured to arrange the second time segment to precede the first time segment and the first time segment to precede the third time segment based on the input parameter. The input parameter may be based on one or more of a location of the analyte display device and a location of the second display device. The input parameter may be based on an indication of one or more of a quality of connection with the analyte sensor system, a time of day, and a battery life of the analyte sensor system.

[0095] In a nineteenth embodiment, an analyte sensor system configured to wirelessly communicate analyte data includes an analyte sensor. The analyte sensor system also includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. In addition, the analyte sensor system includes a processor operatively coupled to the analyte sensor and the transceiver and configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform a particular operation. One such operation is to transmit a first set of advertisement messages to a second display device during a first time segment within the advertisement duration. One such operation is to transmit a second set of advertisement messages to the analyte display device during a second time segment within the advertisement duration if the length of the second time segment is not set to zero seconds. Another such operation is to transmit a third set of advertisement messages to the second display device during a third time segment within the advertisement duration if a condition is met.

[0096] In a particular implementation of the 19th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 19th aspect, the condition is met if the second display device does not connect to the analyte sensor system during the first time segment.

[0097] In a particular implementation of the 19th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 19th aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to set a length of the second time segment to zero to disable connection to the analyte display device.

[0098] In a particular implementation of the 19th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 19th aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to obtain instructions regarding one or more connections to be made to the analyte sensor system and to determine whether a condition is satisfied based on the instructions.

[0099] In a particular implementation of the 19th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 19th aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to determine whether the condition is satisfied by comparing the indication to a threshold value.

[0100] In a particular implementation of the 19th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 19th aspect, the first time segment precedes the second time segment, and the second time segment precedes the third time segment.

[0101] In a particular implementation of the 19th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 19th aspect, the second time segment precedes the first time segment, and the first time segment precedes the third time segment.

[0102] In a particular implementation of the nineteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the nineteenth aspect, the processor is further configured to indicate that the second time segment should precede the first time segment, and that the first time segment should precede the third time segment, based on the input parameters. The input parameters are based on one or more of a location of the analyte sensor system and a location of the second display device. The input parameters may be based on an indication of one or more of a quality of connection with the analyte sensor system, a time of day, and a battery life of the analyte sensor system.

[0103] In a twentieth embodiment, a display device configured to wirelessly communicate analyte data includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The display device also includes a processor operatively coupled to the transceiver and configured to cause the mobile device to perform certain operations. One such operation is to receive and respond to a first set of advertisement messages transmitted by the analyte sensor system during a first time segment within the advertisement duration. Another such operation is to receive but not respond to a second set of advertisement messages transmitted by the analyte sensor system during a second time segment within the advertisement duration. Another such operation is to receive and respond to a third set of advertisement messages transmitted by the analyte sensor system during a third time segment within the advertisement duration if a condition is met. The condition can be met if the display device did not connect to the analyte sensor system during the first time segment.

[0104] In a particular implementation of the twentieth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twentieth aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the display device to obtain an indication regarding one or more connections to be made to the analyte sensor system and to determine whether a condition has been satisfied based on the indication.

[0105] In a particular implementation of the twentieth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twentieth aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the display device to determine whether the condition is met by comparing the indication with a threshold value.

[0106] In a particular implementation of the twentieth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twentieth aspect, the first time segment precedes the second time segment, and the second time segment precedes the third time segment.

[0107] In a particular implementation of the twentieth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twentieth aspect, the second time segment precedes the first time segment, and the first time segment precedes the third time segment.

[0108] In a particular implementation of the twentieth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twentieth aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the display device to indicate that the second time segment should precede the first time segment, and that the first time segment should precede the third time segment, based on the input parameter. The input parameter may be based on a location of the display device. The input parameter may be based on an indication of one or more of a quality of connection with the analyte sensor system, a time of day, and a battery life of the analyte sensor system.

[0109] In a twenty-first embodiment, a method for wirelessly communicating analyte data includes, during a first advertising period, the analyte sensor system transmitting a first advertising message including a first address. The method also includes, during a second advertising period, if a first connection between the analyte sensor system and the analyte display device is established, the analyte sensor system transmitting a second advertising message including a second address unique to one or more second display devices. In addition, the method includes, during the second advertising period, if a second connection between the analyte sensor system and the one or more second display devices is established, transmitting a third advertising message including a third address unique to the analyte display device. The first and second advertising periods can be common advertising periods. The first address can be common between the analyte display device and the one or more second display devices.

[0110] In a particular implementation of the twenty-first aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-first aspect, the method further includes evaluating whether the list includes an analyte-displaying device and a first display device. If the list includes an analyte-displaying device and a first display device, the method includes allocating a first time segment of a third advertising period for transmitting the second advertising message to one or more second display devices, and allocating a second time segment of the third advertising period for transmitting the third advertising message to the analyte-displaying device. Including the analyte-displaying device in the list can indicate that the analyte sensor system has connected to the analyte-displaying device. Including the first display device in the list can indicate that the analyte sensor system has connected to the first display device.

[0111] In a particular implementation of the 21st aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 21st aspect, the one or more second display devices include a personal electronic device.

[0112] In a particular implementation of the 21st aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 21st aspect, the personal electronic device includes one or more of a smartphone, a smartwatch, a tablet, a computer, and a television.

[0113] In a particular implementation of the 21st aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in relation to any other implementation of the 21st aspect, the method further includes defining a set of one or more second display devices according to a classification scheme.

[0114] In a particular implementation of the twenty-first aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-first aspect, the method further includes the analyte sensor system transmitting a third advertisement message in response to an unexpected loss of connection to the analyte display device. The method further includes the analyte sensor system transmitting a second advertisement message in response to an unexpected loss of connection to the first display device.

[0115] In a particular implementation of the twenty-first aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-first aspect, the second address is unique to a first set of second display devices. The fourth address may be unique to a second set of second display devices. The method further includes selecting between the second and fourth addresses for transmission based on one or more of the following indications: an indication of a relative quality of connection to the analyte sensor system between the first and second sets of second display devices; an indication related to one or more of the locations of the first set of second display devices and the locations of the second set of second display devices; an indication related to the date and time; and an indication related to the battery life of the analyte sensor system.

[0116] In a twenty-second embodiment, an analyte sensor system configured to wirelessly communicate analyte data includes an analyte sensor. The analyte sensor system also includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The analyte sensor system also includes a processor operatively coupled to the analyte sensor and the transceiver and configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform a particular operation. One such operation is to transmit, during a first advertisement period, a first advertisement message including a first address. One such operation is to transmit, during a second advertisement period, a second advertisement message including a second address unique to one or more second display devices if a first connection between the analyte sensor system and the analyte display device is established. Another such operation is to transmit, during a second advertisement period, a third advertisement message including a third address unique to the analyte display device if a second connection between the analyte sensor system and a first display device of the one or more second display devices is established. The first and second advertising periods may be a common advertising period. The first address may be common between the analyte-displaying device and one or more second display devices.

[0117] In a particular implementation of the twenty-second aspect, which may be generally applicable, but is also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-second aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to evaluate whether the list includes an analyte-displaying device and a first display device. If the list includes an analyte-displaying device and a first display device, the analyte sensor system assigns a first time segment of the third advertising period for transmitting the second advertising message to one or more second display devices, and assigns a second time segment of the third advertising period for transmitting the third advertising message to the analyte-displaying device. Including the analyte-displaying device in the list indicates that the analyte sensor system has previously connected to the analyte-displaying device. Including the first display device in the list indicates that the analyte sensor system has previously connected to the first display device.

[0118] In a particular implementation of the twenty-second aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-second aspect, the one or more second display devices include a personal electronic device.

[0119] In a particular implementation of the 22nd aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 22nd aspect, the personal electronic device comprises one or more of a smartphone, a smartwatch, a tablet, a computer, and a television.

[0120] In a particular implementation of the 22nd aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 22nd aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to define a set of one or more second display devices according to the classification scheme.

[0121] In a particular implementation of the twenty-second aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-second aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to transmit a third advertisement message in response to an unexpected loss of connection to the analyte display device. The processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to transmit a second advertisement message in response to an unexpected loss of connection to the first display device.

[0122] In a particular implementation of the twenty-second aspect, which may be generally applicable, but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-second aspect, the second address is unique to a first set of second display devices. The fourth address may be unique to a second set of second display devices. The processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to select between the second and fourth addresses for transmission based on one or more of the following indications: an indication of a relative quality of connection to the analyte sensor system between the first and second set of display devices; an indication related to one or more of the locations of the first set of display devices and the second set of display devices; an indication related to the date and time; and an indication related to the battery life of the analyte sensor system.

[0123] In a twenty-third embodiment, a system for wirelessly communicating analyte data includes an analyte display device. The system also includes one or more second display devices. In addition, the system includes an analyte sensor system. The analyte sensor system includes a circuit configured to process, transmit, and receive wireless signals and further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform a particular operation. One such operation is to transmit a first advertisement message including a first address during a first advertisement period. Another such operation is to transmit a second advertisement message including a second address unique to one or more of the second display devices during a second advertisement period if a first connection between the analyte sensor system and the analyte display device is established. One such operation is to transmit a third advertisement message including a third address unique to the analyte display device during a second advertisement period if a second connection between the analyte sensor system and the first display device of the one or more second display devices is established. Another such operation is to evaluate whether the list includes an analyte display device and a first display device, and if the list includes an analyte display device and a first display device, the analyte sensor system assigns a first time segment of the third advertising period for transmitting the second advertising message to one or more second display devices, and assigns a second time segment of the third advertising period for transmitting the third advertising message to the analyte display device.

[0124] In a twenty-fourth embodiment, a method for wirelessly communicating analyte data includes, during a first advertisement period, an analyte sensor system transmitting one of a first advertisement message including a first address, the first address being unique to one or more display devices, and a second advertisement message including a second address, the second address being unique to the analyte display device. The method also includes, during a second advertisement period after the first advertisement period, transmitting the second advertisement message if a first connection between the analyte sensor system and a first display device of the one or more display devices is established. In addition, the method includes, during a third advertisement period after the first advertisement period, transmitting the first advertisement message if a second connection between the analyte sensor system and the analyte display device is established.

[0125] In a particular implementation of the twenty-fourth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-fourth aspect, the method further includes receiving information regarding the analyte display device and the one or more display devices prior to the first advertisement period. Receiving the information may be performed by NFC. Receiving the information may be performed by programming the analyte sensor system.

[0126] In a twenty-fifth embodiment, a method for wirelessly communicating analyte data includes an analyte sensor system receiving an indication regarding a preference level for one or more of a plurality of display devices that can be connected to the analyte sensor system. In response to the indication, the method includes performing a procedure that supports the preference. The indication can include an instruction to switch from a first to a second of the plurality of display devices. The instruction can be generated via a graphical user interface (GUI).

[0127] In a particular implementation of the 25th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 25th aspect, the method further includes the analyte sensor system transmitting a message including an indication that the procedure is being performed.

[0128] In a particular implementation of the 25th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 25th aspect, performing the procedure includes modifying maintenance of a list of overall preference levels for one or more display devices.

[0129] In a particular implementation of the twenty-fifth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-fifth aspect, modifying the maintenance of the list includes maintaining one or more display devices in the list in accordance with instructions, and enabling any of the one or more display devices that become unavailable for connection to be removed from the list.

[0130] In a particular implementation of the 25th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 25th aspect, modifying the maintenance of the list includes adding one or more of the multiple display devices to the list in accordance with the instructions.

[0131] In a particular implementation of the twenty-fifth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-fifth aspect, modifying the maintenance of the list includes removing one or more of the multiple display devices from the list in accordance with the instructions.

[0132] In a particular implementation of the twenty-fifth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-fifth aspect, the method further includes transmitting a message including an indication that one or more of the multiple display devices have been removed from the list.

[0133] In a particular implementation of the twenty-fifth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-fifth aspect, the list represents one or more of a plurality of display devices that have previously connected to the analyte sensor system. The list may be a whitelist.

[0134] In a particular implementation of the 25th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 25th aspect, performing the procedure includes the analyte sensor system transmitting, in accordance with instructions, an advertisement message including a unique address to at least one of the one or more display devices.

[0135] In a particular implementation of the 25th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 25th aspect, performing the procedure includes the analyte sensor system transmitting, in accordance with instructions, an advertisement message specific to the display device for each of the one or more display devices.

[0136] In a particular implementation of the twenty-fifth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-fifth aspect, the preferences include a prioritization of one or more of the display devices.

[0137] In a particular implementation of the 25th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 25th aspect, performing the procedure includes the analyte sensor system transmitting, for each of the one or more display devices, a display device-specific advertisement message using a prioritization-based configuration.

[0138] In a particular implementation of the 25th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 25th aspect, performing the procedure includes the analyte sensor system transmitting, for each of the one or more display devices, a display device-specific advertisement message in an order based on the prioritization.

[0139] In a twenty-sixth embodiment, an analyte sensor system configured to wirelessly communicate analyte data includes an analyte sensor. The analyte sensor system also includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. In addition, the analyte sensor system includes a processor operatively coupled to the analyte sensor and the transceiver and configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform a particular operation. One such operation is receiving an indication of a preference level for one or more of a plurality of display devices that can be connected to the analyte sensor system. Another such operation is performing a procedure to support the preference in response to the indication.

[0140] In a particular implementation of the 26th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 26th aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to transmit a message including an indication that the procedure is being performed.

[0141] In a particular implementation of the 26th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 26th aspect, to perform the procedure, the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to modify maintenance of a list of overall preference levels of the one or more display devices.

[0142] In a particular implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, to modify maintenance of the list, the processor is further configured to maintain one or more display devices in the list in accordance with instructions and to enable any of the one or more display devices that become unavailable for connection to be removed from the list.

[0143] In a particular implementation of the 26th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 26th aspect, to modify maintenance of the list, the processor is further configured to add one or more of the multiple display devices to the list in accordance with the instructions.

[0144] In a particular implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, to modify maintenance of the list, the processor is further configured to remove one or more of the multiple display devices from the list in accordance with the instructions.

[0145] In a particular implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, the processor is further configured to transmit a message including an indication that one or more of the multiple display devices have been removed from the list.

[0146] In a particular implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, the list represents one or more of a plurality of display devices that have previously connected to the analyte sensor system. The list may be a whitelist.

[0147] In a particular implementation of the 26th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 26th aspect, to perform the procedure, the processor is further configured to transmit, in accordance with the instructions, an advertisement message including a unique address to at least one of the one or more display devices.

[0148] In a particular implementation of the 26th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 26th aspect, to perform the procedure, the processor is further configured to transmit, in accordance with the instructions, for each of the one or more display devices, an advertisement message specific to the display device.

[0149] In a particular implementation of the 26th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 26th aspect, the preferences include a prioritization of one or more of the display devices.

[0150] In a particular implementation of the 26th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 26th aspect, to perform the procedure, the processor is further configured to transmit, for each of the one or more display devices, a display device-specific advertisement message according to a configuration based on the prioritization.

[0151] In a particular implementation of the 26th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 26th aspect, to perform the procedure, the processor is further configured to transmit, for each of the one or more display devices, a display device-specific advertisement message in an order based on the prioritization.

[0152] In a particular implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, the instruction is received from a user via a mobile application running on one of the plurality of display devices. The instruction may include an instruction to switch from a first to a second of the plurality of display devices. The instruction may have been generated via a graphical user interface (GUI).

[0153] In a twenty-seventh embodiment, a method for wirelessly communicating analyte data includes a mobile device receiving an indication regarding a preference level for one or more of a plurality of display devices capable of being connected to an analyte sensor system. The method also includes, in response to the indication, performing a procedure to support the preference.

[0154] In a particular implementation of the twenty-seventh aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-seventh aspect, initiating the procedure includes the mobile device transmitting a message to the analyte sensor system, the message including an instruction that the procedure should be performed.

[0155] In a particular implementation of the twenty-seventh aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-seventh aspect, the method further includes the mobile device receiving a message from the analyte sensor system including an indication that the procedure is being performed.

[0156] In a particular implementation of the 27th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 27th aspect, the procedure includes modifying maintenance of a list of overall preference levels for one or more display devices in response to user input received via a (graphical user interface) GUI displayed by the mobile device.

[0157] In a particular implementation of the 27th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 27th aspect, modifying the maintenance of the list includes adding one or more of the multiple display devices to the list in accordance with user input.

[0158] In a particular implementation of the 27th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 27th aspect, modifying the maintenance of the list includes removing one or more of the multiple display devices from the list in accordance with user input.

[0159] In a particular implementation of the twenty-seventh aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-seventh aspect, the method further includes the mobile device receiving a message including an indication that one or more of the plurality of display devices have been added to or removed from the list based on user input.

[0160] In a particular implementation of the 27th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 27th aspect, the procedure includes the mobile device receiving, for each of one or more display devices, a display device-specific advertisement message based on user input received via a GUI displayed by the mobile device.

[0161] In a particular implementation of the twenty-seventh aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-seventh aspect, the instruction is received from a user via a GUI presented on a display of the mobile device by a mobile application running on the mobile device. The instruction may include an instruction to switch from a first to a second of the multiple display devices. The mobile device may be one of the first or second of the multiple display devices.

[0162] In a twenty-eighth embodiment, a mobile device configured to wirelessly communicate analyte data includes a display configured to present a GUI to a user of the mobile device. The mobile device also includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. Additionally, the mobile device includes a processor operatively coupled to the display and the transceiver and configured to cause the mobile device to perform certain operations. One such operation is receiving an indication regarding a preference level for one or more of a plurality of display devices that may be connected to the analyte sensor system. Another such operation is performing a procedure to support the preference in response to the indication.

[0163] In a particular implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the mobile device to transmit a message to the analyte sensor system, the message including an instruction that a procedure should be performed.

[0164] In a particular implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the mobile device to receive a message from the analyte sensor system including an indication that the procedure is being performed.

[0165] In a particular implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the mobile device to initiate a maintenance modification of the list of overall preference levels of the one or more display devices in response to user input received via a GUI displayed by the mobile device.

[0166] In a particular implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, in connection with modifying the maintenance of the list, the processor is further configured to cause the mobile device to generate instructions for adding one or more of the plurality of display devices to the list in accordance with user input.

[0167] In a particular implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, in connection with modifying the maintenance of the list, the processor is further configured to cause the mobile device to generate instructions for removing one or more of the plurality of display devices from the list in accordance with user input.

[0168] In a particular implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the mobile device to receive a message including an indication that one or more of the plurality of display devices have been added to or removed from the list based on user input.

[0169] In a particular implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, in connection with modifying the maintenance of the list, the processor is further configured to cause the mobile device to receive an advertisement message specific to the mobile device based on user input received via the GUI.

[0170] In a particular implementation of the 28th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 28th aspect, the instruction is received from a user via a GUI presented on a display of the mobile device by a mobile application running on the mobile device.

[0171] In a particular implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, the instructions include instructions to switch from a first to a second of the multiple display devices, and the mobile device may be one of the first or second of the multiple display devices.

[0172] In a twenty-ninth embodiment, a method for wirelessly communicating analyte data includes a mobile device receiving an indication regarding a preference level for one or more of a plurality of display devices that can be connected to an analyte sensor system. The method also includes the mobile device transmitting the indication to the analyte sensor system. The method further includes the analyte sensor system receiving the indication. In response to the indication, the method includes the analyte sensor system performing a procedure that supports the preference.

[0173] In a particular implementation of the twenty-ninth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-ninth aspect, the method further includes the analyte sensor system transmitting a message to the mobile device, the message including an indication that the procedure is being performed.

[0174] In a particular implementation of the twenty-ninth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-ninth aspect, the method further includes the analyte sensor system transmitting a message to the mobile device. The message includes information regarding a list to be maintained in connection with performing the procedure. The list may be a whitelist of the analyte sensor system.

[0175] In a particular implementation of the 29th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 29th aspect, performing the procedure includes the analyte sensor system transmitting an advertisement message including an address unique to the mobile device in accordance with the instructions.

[0176] In a particular implementation of the 29th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 29th aspect, the multiple display devices comprise mobile devices, and performing the procedure includes the analyte sensor system transmitting, in accordance with instructions, for each of the one or more display devices, an advertisement message specific to the display device.

[0177] In a particular implementation of the twenty-ninth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-ninth aspect, the preferences include a prioritization of one or more of the display devices. The prioritization may be determined based on user input received via a GUI displayed by the mobile device.

[0178] In a particular implementation of the 29th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 29th aspect, performing the procedure includes the analyte sensor system transmitting, for each of the one or more display devices, a display device-specific advertisement message using a prioritization-based configuration.

[0179] In a particular implementation of the 29th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 29th aspect, performing the procedure includes the analyte sensor system transmitting, for each of the one or more display devices, a display device-specific advertisement message in an order based on the prioritization.

[0180] In a particular implementation of the twenty-ninth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the twenty-ninth aspect, the instruction is received from a user via a mobile application running on a mobile device. The instruction may include an instruction to switch from a first to a second of the multiple display devices. The instruction may have been generated using a GUI presented by the mobile application.

[0181] In a thirtieth embodiment, a method for wirelessly communicating analyte data includes establishing a first connection between an analyte sensor system and a first display device via a first wireless protocol. The method also includes transferring information associated with the first connection from the analyte sensor system to the first display device. In addition, the method includes the second display device establishing a second connection to the first display device via a second wireless protocol. Moreover, the method includes transferring information associated with the first connection from the first display device to the second display device using the second wireless protocol.

[0182] In a particular implementation of the 30th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 30th aspect, the method further includes establishing a third connection between the second display device and the analyte sensor system using the first wireless protocol and the information transmitted from the first display device to communicate analyte data between the analyte sensor system and the second display device.

[0183] In a particular implementation of the thirtieth aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the thirtieth aspect, the first wireless protocol is BLE, and the second wireless protocol may be NFC or WiFi.

[0184] In a particular implementation of the 30th aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 30th aspect, the information related to the first connection includes one or more of transmitter identification information, alert setting information, history of continuous glucose monitoring data, schedule information for upcoming transmissions, the current EGV, information regarding active alerts, calibration data, information regarding application keys, and information regarding encryption.

[0185] In a thirty-first embodiment, a method for wirelessly communicating analyte data includes establishing a first connection between an analyte sensor system and a first display device via a first wireless protocol. The method also includes the analyte sensor system forwarding information associated with the first connection to the first display device. In addition, the method includes the analyte sensor system establishing a second connection between the analyte sensor system and a second display device via the first wireless protocol using at least a portion of the information associated with the first connection. The second display device can have received at least a portion of the information associated with the connection from the first display device via the second wireless protocol.

[0186] In a particular implementation of the 31st aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 31st aspect, the first wireless protocol is BLE and the second wireless protocol is NFC or WiFi.

[0187] In a particular implementation of the thirty-first aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the thirty-first aspect, the information related to the first connection includes one or more of transmitter identification information, alert setting information, history of continuous glucose monitoring data, schedule information for upcoming transmissions, information about the current EGV, active alerts, calibration data, and information about application keys, and information about encryption.

[0188] In a thirty-second embodiment, an analyte sensor system configured to wirelessly communicate analyte data includes an analyte sensor. The analyte sensor system also includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. Additionally, the analyte sensor system includes a processor operatively coupled to the analyte sensor and the transceiver and configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform certain operations. One such operation is to establish a first connection with a first display device via a first wireless protocol. Another such operation is to transfer information associated with the first connection to the first display device. Another such operation is to establish a second connection to a second display device via the first wireless protocol using at least a portion of the information associated with the first connection. The second display device may have received at least a portion of the information associated with the first connection from the first display device via the second wireless protocol.

[0189] In a particular implementation of the 32nd aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 32nd aspect, the first wireless protocol is BLE and / or the second wireless protocol is NFC or WiFi.

[0190] In a particular implementation of the 32nd aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the 32nd aspect, the information related to the first connection includes one or more of transmitter identification information, alert setting information, history of continuous glucose monitoring data, schedule information for upcoming transmissions, the current EGV, information regarding active alerts, calibration data, information regarding application keys, and information regarding encryption.

[0191] In a thirty-third embodiment, a mobile device configured to wirelessly communicate analyte data includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The mobile device also includes a processor operatively coupled to the transceiver and configured to cause the mobile device to perform certain operations. One such operation is to receive, from the display device, information related to a first connection between the display device and the analyte sensor system via a first wireless protocol. Another such operation is to establish a second connection with the analyte sensor system via a second wireless protocol using the information related to the first connection.

[0192] In a particular implementation of the 33rd aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in relation to any other implementation of the 33rd aspect, the first wireless protocol is NFC or WiFi and / or the second wireless protocol is BLE.

[0193] In a particular implementation of the thirty-third aspect, which may be generally applicable but also particularly applicable in connection with any other implementation of the thirty-third aspect, the information related to the first connection includes one or more of transmitter identification information, alert setting information, history of continuous glucose monitoring data, schedule information for upcoming transmissions, the current EGV, information regarding active alerts, calibration data, information regarding application keys, and information regarding encryption.

[0194] In a thirty-fourth embodiment, a method for wirelessly communicating analyte data includes establishing a first connection between an analyte sensor system and a first display device via a first wireless protocol. The method also includes the analyte sensor system forwarding information associated with the first connection to the first display device. In addition, the method includes the first display device establishing a second connection with a second display device via a second wireless protocol. Moreover, the method includes the first display device forwarding information associated with the first connection to the second display device via the second wireless protocol. The method also includes the analyte sensor system establishing a third connection between the analyte sensor system and the second display device via the first wireless protocol using at least a portion of the information associated with the first connection.

[0195] Further aspects of the present disclosure will be more readily appreciated upon consideration of the detailed description of the various disclosed embodiments set forth below, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0196] [Figure 1A] FIG. 1 illustrates aspects of an exemplary system that can be used in connection with the practice of embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 1B] FIG. 1 illustrates aspects of an exemplary system that can be used in connection with the practice of embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 2A] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an exemplary housing that can be used in connection with the implementation of embodiments of the analyte sensor system. [Figure 2B] FIG. 2 is a side view of an exemplary housing that can be used in connection with the implementation of an embodiment of an analyte sensor system. [Figure 3A] FIG. 1 illustrates aspects of an exemplary system that can be used in connection with the practice of embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 3B] FIG. 1 illustrates aspects of an exemplary system that can be used in connection with the practice of embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 3C] FIG. 1 illustrates aspects of an exemplary system that can be used in connection with the practice of embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 3D] 1A-1C illustrate aspects of an exemplary user interface, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3E] 1A-1C illustrate aspects of an exemplary user interface, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating aspects of an exemplary analyte sensor system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating aspects of an exemplary analyte sensor system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7A] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7B] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7C] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7D] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7E] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7F] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7G] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7H] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7J] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7K] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7L] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] 1 illustrates an example structure of an advertisement message according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9A] 1 is a timing diagram illustrating the transmission of an advertisement message according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9B] 1 is a timing diagram illustrating an example aspect of transmitting an advertisement message in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9C] 1 is a timing diagram illustrating an example aspect of transmitting an advertisement message in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9D] 1 is a timing diagram illustrating an example aspect of transmitting an advertisement message in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9E] 1 is a timing diagram illustrating an example aspect of transmitting an advertisement message in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9F] 1 is a timing diagram illustrating an example aspect of transmitting an advertisement message in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 10A] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 10B] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 illustrates an example computing module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 12A] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 12B] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 12C] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 12D] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 13A] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 13B] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 13C] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 14A] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 14B] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 14C] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 14D] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 14E] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 14F] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 15A] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 15B] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 16A] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 16B] FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 17]FIG. 1 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0197] The figures are described in more detail below in the description and examples and are provided for illustrative purposes only and merely represent typical or exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. The figures are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present disclosure to the precise forms disclosed. It should also be understood that the present disclosure may be practiced with modification or alteration and that the present disclosure may be limited only by the claims and their equivalents.

[0198] Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to systems, methods, and devices for wirelessly communicating analyte data. In various arrangements described herein, the analyte data is glucose data generated by an analyte sensor system configured to connect to a display device and the like. As described in detail herein, implementing aspects of the present disclosure can reduce power consumption of the analyte sensor system and other devices by increasing its efficiency with respect to wireless communication. Moreover, implementing aspects of the present disclosure can also enable reduced power consumption while maintaining and / or improving performance with respect to reliability, speed, and accuracy of wireless communication and connection protocols associated therewith. In particular, such aspects of the present disclosure relate to, for example, authentication and encryption, device connection protocols and timing, advertisement message structure and content, and device pairing.

[0199] Details of several exemplary embodiments of the disclosed systems, methods, and devices are set forth within this description, and in some cases elsewhere in the disclosure. Other features, objects, and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon review of the disclosure, description, drawings, examples, and claims. All such additional systems, methods, devices, features, and advantages are intended to be included (either explicitly or by reference) in this description, be within the scope of the disclosure, and be protected by one or more of the appended claims.

[0200] A. Overview In some embodiments, a system is provided for continuous measurement of an analyte of a host. The system can include a continuous analyte sensor configured to continuously measure a concentration of an analyte of a host, and a sensor electronics module physically connected to the continuous analyte sensor during use of the sensor. In certain embodiments, the sensor electronics module includes electronics configured to process a data stream associated with the analyte concentration measured by the continuous analyte sensor to generate sensor information including, for example, raw sensor data, transformed sensor data, and / or any other sensor data. The sensor electronics module can be further configured to generate sensor information customized for each display device such that different display devices can receive different sensor information.

[0201] As used herein, the term "analyte" is a broad term given its ordinary and customary meaning to those of skill in the art (and is not limited to any special or customized meaning), and further refers to, but is not limited to, a substance or chemical component in a biological fluid (e.g., blood, interstitial fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, lymphatic fluid, or urine) that can be analyzed. Analytes can include naturally occurring substances, man-made substances, metabolic substances, and / or reaction products. In some embodiments, the analyte for measurement by the sensor head, devices, and methods is an analyte. However, other analytes are contemplated as well, including acarboxyprothrombin, acylcarnitines, adenine phosphoribosyltransferase, adenosine deaminase, albumin, alpha-fetoprotein, amino acid profile (arginine (Krebs cycle), histidine / urocanic acid, homocysteine, phenylalanine / tyrosine, tryptophan), andrenostenedione, antipyrine, arabinitol enantiomers, arginase, benzoylecgonine (cocaine), biotinidase, biopterin, C-reactive protein, carnitine, carnosinase, CD4, ceruloplasmin, chenodeoxycholic acid, chloroquine, cholesterol, cholinesterase, conjugated 1-beta hydroxycholic acid, cortisol, creatine kinase, creatine kinase MM isoforms. im, cyclosporine A, d-penicillamine, de-ethylchloroquine, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, DNA (acetylation polymorphism, alcohol dehydrogenase, alpha 1-antitrypsin, cystic fibrosis, Duchenne / Becker muscular dystrophy, analyte-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, hemoglobin A, hemoglobin S, hemoglobin C, hemoglobin D, hemoglobin E, hemoglobin F, D Punjab, beta-thalassemia, hepatitis B virus, HCMV, HIV-1, HTLV-1, Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, MCAD, RNA, PKU, Plasmodium vivax, sex differentiation, 21-deoxycortisol), desbutylhalofantrine, dihydropteridine reductase, diphtheria / tetanus antitoxin, erythrocyte arginase, erythrocyte protoporphyrin, esterase D, fatty acids / acylglycines,Free β-human chorionic gonadotropin, free erythrocyte porphyrin, free thyroxine (FT4), free tri-iodothyronine (FT3), fumarylacetoacetase, galactose / gal-1-phosphate, galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase, gentamicin, analyte-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glycocholate, glycosylated hemoglobin, halofantrine, hemoglobin mutants, hexosaminidase A, human erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase I, 17-α-hydroxyprogesterone, hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase , immunoreactivity, trypsin, lactate, lead, lipoproteins ((a), B / A-1, β), lysozyme, mefloquine, netilmicin, phenobarbitone, phenytoin, phytanic acid / pristanic acid, progesterone, prolactin, prolidase, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, kinin, inverted tri-iodothyronine (rT3), selenium, serum pancreatic lipase, sisomicin, somatomedin C, specific antibodies (adenovirus, antinuclear antibody, anti-zeta antibody, arbovirus, Aujeszky's disease virus, dengue virus, Dracaena fasciata, Echinococcus granulosus, Entamoeba histolytica, enterovirus, Giardia lamblia (giardia duodenalisa, Helicobacter pylori, Hepatitis B virus, Herpes virus, HIV-1, IgE (atopic disease), Influenza virus, Leishmania donovani, Leptospira, Measles / Mumps / Rubella, Mycobacterium leprae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Myoglobin, Onchocerca volvulus, Parainfluenza virus, Plasmodium falciparum, Poliovirus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Respiratory syncytial virus, Rickettsia (scrub typhus), Schistosoma mansoni, Toxoplasma gondii, Trepenoma pallidium, Trypanosoma cruzi / Langer, Vesicular stomatitis virus virus), Wuchereria bancrofti, Yellow fever virus), Specific antigens (Hepatitis B virus, HIV-1), Succinylacetone sulfadoxine, Theophylline, Thyrotropin (TSH), Thyroxine (T4), Thyroxine-binding globulin, Trace elements, Transferrin, UDP-galactose-4-epimerase, Urea, Uroporphyrinogen I synthase,Examples of analytes that may be present in the body include, but are not limited to, vitamin A, white blood cells, and zinc protoporphyrin. Salts, sugars, proteins, lipids, vitamins, and hormones that are naturally present in blood or intestinal fluids may also constitute analytes in certain embodiments. Analytes may be naturally present in biological fluids, such as metabolites, hormones, antigens, antibodies, and the like. Alternatively, analytes may be introduced into the body, such as contrast agents for imaging, radioisotopes, chemical agents, fluorocarbon-based synthetic blood, or drugs or pharmaceutical compositions, such as insulin, ethanol, cannabis (marijuana, tetrahydrocannabinol, hashish), inhalants (nitrous oxide, amyl nitrite, butyl nitrite, chlorinated hydrocarbons, hydrocarbons), cocaine (crack cocaine), stimulants (amphetamines, methamphetamines, Ritalin, Cylert, Preludin, Didrex, PreState, Voranil, Sandrex, Plegine), depressants (barbiturates, methaqualone, Valiu Drugs and pharmaceutical compositions that may be used to assess the efficacy of analytes include, but are not limited to, tranquilizers such as benzodiazepines, benzodiazepines, benzocaine, benzodiazepines, benzoyl peroxide ... Analytes such as neurochemicals and other chemicals produced in the body, such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, dopamine, noradrenaline, 3-methoxytyramine (3MT), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (FHIAA), can also be analyzed.

[0202] B. Alerts In certain embodiments, one or more alerts are associated with the sensor electronics module. For example, each alert can include one or more alert conditions that indicate when the respective alert was triggered. For example, a hypoglycemia alert can include an alert condition that indicates a minimum glucose level. The alert conditions can also be based on transformed sensor data, such as trend data, and / or sensor data from multiple different sensors (e.g., the alert can be based on sensor data from both a glucose sensor and a temperature sensor). For example, a hypoglycemia alert can include an alert condition that indicates a minimum required trend in the host's glucose level that must exist before triggering the alert. The term "trend," as used herein, generally refers to data that indicates some attribute of data acquired over time, such as calibrated or filtered data from a continuous glucose sensor. Trends can indicate the amplitude, rate of change, acceleration, direction, etc. of data, such as sensor data, including transformed or raw sensor data.

[0203] In certain embodiments, each alert is associated with one or more actions to be taken in response to triggering the alert. An alert action may include, for example, activating an alarm, such as displaying information on a display of the sensor electronics module or activating an audible or vibratory alarm coupled to the sensor electronics module, and / or transmitting data to one or more display devices external to the sensor electronics module. In the case of a delivery action associated with a triggered alert, one or more delivery options define the content and / or format of the data to be transmitted, the device to which the data is to be transmitted, when the data should be transmitted, and / or the communication protocol for delivering the data.

[0204] In certain embodiments, multiple delivery actions (each with respective delivery options) can be associated with a single alert, such that displayable sensor information having different content and formatting is transmitted to respective display devices, for example, in response to triggering of a single alert. For example, a mobile phone can receive a data package including minimal displayable sensor information (specifically formatted for display on a mobile phone), while a desktop computer can receive a data package including most (or all) of the displayable sensor information generated by the sensor electronics module in response to triggering a common alert. Advantageously, the sensor electronics module is not tied to a single display device, but rather is configured to communicate with multiple different display devices directly, systematically, simultaneously (e.g., via broadcasting), regularly, periodically, randomly, on demand, in response to a query, based on an alert or alarm, and / or the like.

[0205] In some embodiments, a clinical risk alert is provided that includes an intelligent, dynamic estimation algorithm that estimates current or predicted danger and an alert condition that combines higher accuracy, timeliness in imminent danger, avoidance of false alarms, and less patient discomfort. In general, the clinical risk alert includes a dynamic, intelligent estimation algorithm based on analyte values, rates of change, acceleration, clinical risk, statistical probabilities, known physiological constraints, and / or individual physiological patterns, thereby providing a more appropriate, clinically safe, and patient-friendly alarm. U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2007 / 0208246, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, describes several systems and methods associated with the clinical risk alerts (or alarms) described herein. In some embodiments, the clinical risk alert can be triggered for a predetermined period of time to allow the user to pay attention to their condition. In addition, the clinical risk alert can be stopped when the area of ​​clinical risk is left so as not to annoy the patient with repeated clinical alarms (e.g., visual, audible, or vibrational) when the patient's condition is improving. In some embodiments, the dynamic intelligent assessment determines the likelihood that the patient will avoid the clinical risk based on the analyte concentration, rate of change, and other aspects of the dynamic intelligent assessment algorithm. If there is minimal or no likelihood of avoiding the clinical risk, a clinical risk alert will be triggered. However, if there is a likelihood of avoiding the clinical risk, the system is configured to wait a predetermined amount of time and reanalyze the likelihood of avoiding the clinical risk. In some embodiments, if there is a likelihood of avoiding the clinical risk, the system is further configured to provide goals, treatment recommendations, or other information that can assist the patient in proactively avoiding the clinical risk.

[0206] In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module is configured to search for one or more display devices within communication range of the sensor electronics module and wirelessly communicate sensor information (e.g., a data package including displayable sensor information, one or more alarm conditions, and / or other alarm information) to the display device. Thus, the display device is configured to display at least some of the sensor information and / or alarms to the host (and / or caregiver), and the alarm mechanism is located on the display device.

[0207] In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module is configured to provide one or more different alarms, via the sensor electronics module and / or via transmission of a data package, indicating that an alarm should be initiated (e.g., sequentially and / or simultaneously) by one or more display devices. In certain embodiments, the sensor electronics module merely provides a data field indicating that an alarm condition exists, and the display device may determine to trigger an alarm upon reading the data field indicating the existence of an alarm condition. In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module determines which of the one or more alerts to trigger based on the one or more alerts that are triggered. For example, when an alert trigger indicates severe hypoglycemia, the sensor electronics module may take a number of actions, such as activating an alarm on the sensor electronics module, transmitting a data package to a monitoring device indicating activation of an alarm on a display, and transmitting the data package as a text message to a caregiver. As an example, a text message including displayable sensor information indicating the host's condition (e.g., "severe hypoglycemia") may appear on a custom monitoring device, a cell phone, a pager device, and / or the like.

[0208] In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module is configured to wait a period of time for the host to respond to a triggered alert (e.g., by pressing or selecting a snooze and / or off function and / or button on the sensor electronics module and / or display device) and then trigger additional alerts (e.g., in an escalating manner) until one or more alerts have been responded to. In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module is configured to send a control signal (e.g., a stop signal) to a medical device associated with the alarm condition (e.g., hypoglycemia), such as an insulin pump, where the stop alert triggers a cessation of insulin delivery via the pump.

[0209] In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module is configured to transmit alert information directly, systematically, simultaneously (e.g., via broadcasting), regularly, periodically, randomly, on demand, in response to a query (from the display device), based on an alert or alarm, and / or the like. In some embodiments, the system further includes a repeater configured to repeat wireless communication from the sensor electronics module to a display device located remotely from the sensor electronics, so that the wireless communication range of the sensor electronics module can be increased to, for example, 10, 20, 30, 50, 75, 100, 150, or 200 meters or more. The repeater may be useful for families with children who suffer from diabetes. For example, it allows the parent to carry or place the display device in a fixed location, such as in a large house where the parent sleeps away from the child.

[0210] C. Display Device In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module is configured to search the list of display devices and / or attempt wireless communication with the display devices. In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module is configured to search the list of display devices and / or attempt wireless communication with the display devices in a predefined and / or programmable order (e.g., ranked and / or escalating), e.g., a failed attempt to communicate with and / or alarm a first display device triggers an attempt to communicate with and / or alarm a second display device, etc. In one exemplary embodiment, the sensor electronics module is configured to search the host or caregiver and attempt to alarm them sequentially using a list of display devices, such as: (1) a default display device or a custom analyte monitoring device; (2) a cell phone via a text message to the host and / or caregiver, a voice message to the host and / or caregiver, and / or an audible and / or visual method, such as 911; (3) a tablet; (4) a smartwatch; etc.

[0211] Depending on the embodiment, one or more display devices that receive the data package from the sensor electronics module are "dummy displays" that display the displayable sensor information received from the sensor electronics module without additional processing (e.g., predictive algorithm processing necessary for real-time display of sensor information). In some embodiments, the displayable sensor information includes transformed sensor data that does not require processing by the display device before displaying the displayable sensor information. Some display devices can include software including display instructions (including instructions configured to display the displayable sensor information and, optionally, to query the sensor electronics module to obtain the displayable sensor information, software programming) configured to enable the displayable sensor information to be displayed thereon. In some embodiments, the display device is programmed with the display instructions at the manufacturer and can include security and / or authentication to avoid theft of the display device. In some embodiments, the display device is configured to display the displayable sensor information via a downloadable program (e.g., Java Script® downloadable via the Internet), such that any display device that supports downloading of programs (e.g., any display device that supports Java® applets) can be configured thereby to display the displayable sensor information (e.g., cell phones, tablets, PDAs, PCs, and the like).

[0212] In some embodiments, a particular display device may wirelessly communicate directly with the sensor electronics module, but may include intermediate network hardware, firmware, and / or software in the direct wireless communication. In some embodiments, a repeater (e.g., a Bluetooth® repeater) may be used to retransmit the transmitted displayable sensor information to locations far from the immediate range of the telemetry module of the sensor electronics module, the repeater enabling the direct wireless communication when no substantial processing of the displayable sensor information occurs. In some embodiments, a receiver (e.g., a Bluetooth® receiver) may be used to retransmit the transmitted displayable sensor information, possibly in a different format, such as a text message to a TV screen, the receiver enabling the direct wireless communication when no substantial processing of the sensor information occurs. In certain embodiments, the sensor electronics module wirelessly transmits the displayable sensor information directly to one or more display devices, such that the displayable sensor information transmitted from the sensor electronics module is received by the display device without intermediate processing of the displayable sensor information.

[0213] In certain embodiments, one or more display devices include a built-in authentication mechanism, and authentication is required for communication between the sensor electronics module and the display device. In some embodiments, a challenge-response protocol, such as key authentication, is provided to authenticate data communication between the sensor electronics module and the display device, where the challenge is a request for a key or a hash or other value based on or derived from the key, and a valid response is a hash or other value based on or derived from the correct key, such that pairing of the sensor electronics module and the display device can be accomplished by the user and / or manufacturer via the key. This may be referred to as two-way authentication in some cases. The key may be a software or hardware level key. Additionally, the key may be a password (e.g., randomly generated or set by the user or other entity) and / or derived from a uniquely identifying characteristic (e.g., fingerprint or retinal information) or information, etc.

[0214] In some embodiments, one or more display devices are configured to query the sensor electronics module for displayable sensor information, and the display device acts as a master device that requests sensor information on demand from the sensor electronics module (e.g., a slave device), e.g., in response to a query. In some cases, the display device acts as a master and the sensor electronics module acts as a slave, while in other cases these roles can be reversed. For example, the roles can be reversed depending on the nature of the communication, etc. In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module is configured to transmit sensor information to one or more display devices periodically, systematically, regularly, and / or periodically (e.g., every 1, 2, 5, or 10 minutes or more). In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module is configured to transmit data packages associated with triggered alerts (e.g., triggered by one or more alert conditions). However, any combination of the above-described data transmission statuses can be implemented with any combination of paired sensor electronics modules and display device(s). For example, one or more display devices can be configured to query the sensor electronics module's database and to receive alarm information triggered by meeting one or more alarm conditions. In addition, the sensor electronics module can be configured to periodically transmit sensor information to one or more display devices (the same or different display devices as described in the previous examples), such that the system can include display devices that function differently with respect to how they obtain sensor information.

[0215] In some embodiments, the display device is configured to query a data storage memory in the sensor electronics module for certain types of data content, including direct queries to a database in the memory of the sensor electronics module and / or requests for configured or configurable packages of data content therefrom; i.e., data stored in the sensor electronics module can be configured, queried, predetermined, and / or pre-packaged based on the display device with which the sensor electronics module is in communication. In some additional or alternative embodiments, the sensor electronics module generates displayable sensor information based on its knowledge of which display device will receive a particular transmission. Additionally, some display devices can obtain calibration information and wirelessly transmit the calibration information to the sensor electronics module, such as through manual entry of calibration information, automatic delivery of calibration information, and / or an integrated reference analyte monitor built into the display device. U.S. Patent Application Publication Nos. 2006 / 0222566, 2007 / 0203966, 2007 / 0208245, and 2005 / 0154271 (all of which are incorporated by reference in their entireties) describe systems and methods for providing an integrated reference analyte monitor incorporated into a display device and / or other calibration methods that can be implemented by embodiments disclosed herein.

[0216] In general, a number of display devices (e.g., custom analyte monitoring devices (which may also be referred to as analyte display devices), mobile phones, tablets, smart watches, reference analyte monitors, drug delivery devices, medical devices, and personal computers) can be configured to wirelessly communicate with the sensor electronics module. The multiple display devices can be configured to display at least a portion of the displayable sensor information wirelessly communicated from the sensor electronics module. The displayable sensor information can include sensor data, such as raw and / or converted sensor data, such as analyte concentration values, rate of change information, trend information, alert information, sensor diagnostic information, and / or calibration information.

[0217] D. Continuous Sensor 1A, in some embodiments, the analyte sensor 10 comprises a continuous glucose sensor, such as a subcutaneous, transcutaneous (e.g., transdermal), or intravascular device. In some embodiments, such a sensor or device can analyze multiple intermittent blood samples. The glucose sensor can use any glucose measurement method, including enzymatic, chemical, physical, electrochemical, spectrophotometric, polarimetric, calorimetric, iontophoretic, radiometric, immunochemical, and the like.

[0218] The glucose sensor can provide a data stream indicative of the concentration of glucose in the host using any known method, including invasive, minimally invasive, and non-invasive sensing techniques (e.g., fluorescence monitoring). The data stream is typically a raw data signal that is converted into a calibrated and / or filtered data stream that is used to provide a useful glucose value to a user, such as a patient or caregiver (e.g., a patient, relative, guardian, teacher, doctor, nurse, or any other individual interested in the health status of the host).

[0219] The glucose sensor may be any device capable of measuring the concentration of glucose. According to one exemplary embodiment described below, an implantable glucose sensor may be used. However, it should be understood that the devices and methods described herein may be applied to any device capable of detecting the concentration of glucose and providing an output signal representative of the concentration of glucose (e.g., in the form of analyte data).

[0220] In certain embodiments, analyte sensor 10 is an implantable glucose sensor, such as those described with reference to U.S. Patent No. 6,001,067 and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2005 / 0027463-A1. In embodiments, analyte sensor 10 is a transcutaneous glucose sensor, such as those described with reference to U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2006 / 0020187-A1. In an embodiment, the analyte sensor 10 is configured for implantation within a host's blood vessel or externally, as described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2007 / 0027385-A1, co-pending U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2008 / 0119703-A1, filed October 4, 2006, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2008 / 0108942-A1, filed March 26, 2007, and U.S. Patent Application No. 2007 / 0197890-A1, filed February 14, 2007. In an embodiment, the continuous glucose sensor includes a transcutaneous sensor, for example, as described in U.S. Patent No. 6,565,509 to Say et al. In an embodiment, the analyte sensor 10 is a continuous glucose sensor, including a subcutaneous sensor, such as described with reference to U.S. Patent No. 6,579,690 to Bonnecaze et al. or U.S. Patent No. 6,484,046 to Say et al. In an embodiment, the continuous glucose sensor includes a refillable subcutaneous sensor, such as described with reference to U.S. Patent No. 6,512,939 to Colvin et al. The continuous glucose sensor can include an intravascular sensor, such as described with reference to U.S. Patent No. 6,477,395 to Schulman et al. The continuous glucose sensor can include an intravascular sensor, such as described with reference to U.S. Patent No. 6,424,847 to Mastrototaro et al.

[0221] 2A and 2B are perspective and side views of a housing 200 that can be used in connection with implementing an embodiment of an analyte sensor system 8 according to certain aspects of the disclosure. The housing 200 includes a mounting unit 214 and a sensor electronics module 12 attached thereto in certain embodiments. The housing 200 includes the mounting unit 214 and the sensor electronics module 12 shown in a functional position and matingly engaged within the housing. In some embodiments, the mounting unit 214, also referred to as a housing or sensor pod, includes a base 234 adapted to fasten to the skin of a host or user. The base 234 can be formed from a variety of hard or soft materials and can include a low profile to minimize protrusion of the device from the host during use. In some embodiments, the base 234 is at least partially formed from a flexible material, which can provide a number of advantages over other transcutaneous sensors that can unfortunately suffer from motion-related artifacts associated with host movement when the host is using the device. The mounting unit 214 and / or the sensor electronics module 12 may be positioned over the sensor insertion site to protect the site and / or provide a minimal footprint (utilization of the surface area of ​​the host's skin).

[0222] In some embodiments, a removable connection between the mounting unit 214 and the sensor electronics module 12 is provided, which allows for improved manufacturability, i.e., the potentially relatively inexpensive mounting unit 214 can be discarded when upgrading or maintaining the analyte sensor system 8, while the relatively expensive sensor electronics module 12 can be reused with multiple sensor systems. In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module 12 is configured with signal processing (programming) configured to, for example, filter, calibrate, and / or execute other algorithms useful for calibrating and / or displaying sensor information. However, an integrated (non-removable) sensor electronics module can be configured.

[0223] In some embodiments, the contacts 238 are mounted on or within a subassembly, hereinafter referred to as a contact subassembly 236, configured to fit within the base 234 of the mounting unit 214 and a hinge 248 that allows the contact subassembly 236 to pivot between a first position (insertion) and a second position (use) relative to the mounting unit 214. The term "hinge" as used herein is a broad term and includes any of a variety of pivot, articulation, and / or hinging mechanisms, such as, but not limited to, adhesive hinges, sliding joints, and the like, and does not necessarily imply a fulcrum or fixed point about which articulation occurs. In some embodiments, the contacts 238 are formed from a conductive elastomeric material, such as a carbon black elastomer, through which the sensor 10 extends.

[0224] 2A and 2B, in certain embodiments, the mounting unit 214 includes an adhesive pad 208 disposed on the rear surface of the mounting unit and including a releasable backing layer. The backing layer is then removed and at least a portion of the base 234 of the mounting unit 214 is pressed against the host's skin to adhere the mounting unit 214 to the host's skin. Additionally or alternatively, an adhesive pad can be placed over some or all of the sensor system 8 and / or 10 after sensor insertion is complete to ensure adhesion and, optionally, an air-tight or water-tight seal around the wound exit site (or sensor insertion site) (not shown). A suitable adhesive pad can be selected and designed to stretch, expand, conform, and / or ventilate the area (e.g., the host's skin). The embodiments described with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B are described in more detail with reference to U.S. Pat. No. 7,310,544, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The configuration and arrangement can provide water resistant, waterproof, and / or hermetic properties associated with the mounting unit / sensor electronics module embodiments described herein.

[0225] Various methods and devices suitable for use in conjunction with aspects of some embodiments are disclosed in US Patent Publication No. 2009 / 0240120-A1, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes.

[0226] E. Exemplary Configurations Referring again to FIG. 1A, a system 100 is depicted that can be used in connection with implementing aspects of an analyte sensor system. In some instances, the system 100 can be used to implement various systems described herein. The system 100 of an embodiment includes an analyte sensor system 8 and display devices 110, 120, 130, and 140, according to certain aspects of the present disclosure. The analyte sensor system 8, in the illustrated embodiment, includes a sensor electronics module 12 and a continuous analyte sensor 10 associated with the sensor electronics module 12. The sensor electronics module 12 can wirelessly communicate (e.g., directly or indirectly) with one or more of the display devices 110, 120, 130, and 140. In an embodiment, the system 100 also includes a medical device 136 and a server system 134. The sensor electronics module 12 can also wirelessly communicate (e.g., directly or indirectly) with the medical device 136 and / or the server system 134. Similarly, in some embodiments, the display devices 110-140 may also communicate wirelessly (e.g., directly or indirectly) with the medical device 136 and / or the server system 134. The various couplings shown in FIG. 1A may be facilitated by a wireless access point 138, as noted below.

[0227] In certain embodiments, the sensor electronics module 12 includes electronic circuitry associated with measuring and processing the continuous analyte sensor data, including predictive algorithms associated with processing and calibrating the sensor data. The sensor electronics module 12 can be physically connected to the continuous analyte sensor 10 and can be integral with (non-releasably attached thereto) or releasably attached thereto. The sensor electronics module 12 can include hardware, firmware, and / or software that enables the measurement of analyte levels via a glucose sensor. For example, the sensor electronics module 12 can include a potentiostat, a power supply for powering the sensor, other components useful for signal processing and data storage, and a telemetry module for transmitting data from the sensor electronics module to one or more display devices. The electronics can be affixed to a printed circuit board (PCB) or the like and can take a variety of forms. For example, the electronics can take the form of integrated circuits (ICs), such as application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), microcontrollers, and / or processors.

[0228] Sensor electronics module 12 may include sensor electronics configured to process sensor information, such as sensor data, and generate transformed sensor data and displayable sensor information. Examples of systems and methods for processing sensor analyte data are described in further detail herein, as well as in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,310,544 and 6,931,327, and U.S. Patent Publication Nos. 2005 / 0043598, 2007 / 0032706, 2007 / 0016381, 2008 / 0033254, 2005 / 0203360, 2005 / 0154271, 2005 / 0192557, 2006 / 0222566, 2007 / 0203966, and 2007 / 0208245, all of which are incorporated by reference in their entireties for all purposes.

[0229] 1A , display devices 110, 120, 130, and / or 140 are configured to display (and / or alarm) displayable sensor information that may be transmitted by sensor electronics module 12 (e.g., in customized data packages transmitted to the display devices based on respective preferences). Each of display devices 110, 120, 130, or 140 may include a display, such as touchscreen display 112, 122, 132, and / or 142, for displaying sensor information and / or analyte data to a user and / or receiving input from a user. For example, a graphical user interface may be presented to the user for such purposes. In some implementations, the display device may include other types of user interfaces, such as a voice user interface, instead of or in addition to a touchscreen display, for communicating sensor information to a user of the display device and / or receiving user input. In some embodiments, one, some, or all of the display devices can be configured to display or otherwise communicate the sensor information when communicated from the sensor electronics module (e.g., in a data package transmitted to the respective display device) without any additional predictive processing required for calibration and real-time display of the sensor information.

[0230] The medical device 136 may be a passive device in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the medical device 136 may be an insulin pump for administering insulin to a user, as shown in FIG. 1B. For various reasons, it may be desirable for such an insulin pump to receive and track glucose values ​​transmitted from the analyte sensor system 8. One reason is to provide the insulin pump with the ability to stop / activate insulin administration based on glucose values ​​being lower / higher than a threshold. One solution to allow a passive device (e.g., the medical device 136) to receive analyte data (e.g., glucose values) without being interfaced with the analyte sensor system 8 is to include the analyte data in an advertisement message transmitted from the analyte sensor system 8. The data included in the advertisement message may be coded such that only a device having an identity associated with the analyte sensor system 8 can decode the analyte data. The medical device 136 may include an input / output portion 136a, which may display glucose and other values, and may receive input via a button, wireless connection, or other mechanism. The medical device 136 can also include a mounting portion 136b that can interface with a user to administer insulin, for example, in response to inputs received at the input / output portion 136a. In some cases, the mounting portion 136b can provide sensory alerts or other notifications to the user, for example, based on inputs received at the input / output portion 136a and / or calculated values.

[0231] With further reference to FIG. 1A, the display devices may include custom display devices specifically designed to display a particular type of displayable sensor information (e.g., in some embodiments, numbers and arrows) associated with the analyte values ​​received from the sensor electronics module 12. The analyte display device 110 is an example of such a custom device. In some embodiments, one of the display devices is a smartphone, such as a mobile phone 120 based on an Android, iOS, or other operating system, and configured to display a graphical representation of continuous sensor data (e.g., including current and historical data). Other display devices may include other handheld devices, such as a tablet 130, a smart watch 140, a medical device 136 (e.g., an insulin delivery device or a blood glucose meter), and / or a desktop or laptop computer.

[0232] Because different display devices provide different user interfaces, the contents of the data package (e.g., the amount, format, and / or type of data displayed, alarms, and the like) can be customized (e.g., programmed differently by the manufacturer and / or by the user) for each particular display device. Thus, in the embodiment of FIG. 1A, multiple different display devices can wirelessly communicate directly with the sensor electronics module (e.g., the on-skin sensor electronics module 12 that is physically connected to the continuous analyte sensor 10) during a sensor session to enable displays and / or functionality associated with multiple different types and / or levels of displayable sensor information, as described in more detail elsewhere herein.

[0233] 1A, the system 100 may also include a wireless access point (WAP) 138 that may be used to couple to one or more of the analyte sensor system 8, the plurality of display devices, the server system 134, and the medical device 136. For example, the WAP 138 may provide WiFi and / or cellular connectivity within the system 100. Near field communication (NFC) may also be used between the devices of the system 100. The server system 134 may be used to collect analyte data from the analyte sensor system 8 and / or the plurality of display devices, for example, to analyze the analyte data, generate generic or individualized models for glucose levels and profiles, etc.

[0234] Referring now to Figure 3A, a system 300 is depicted that may be used in connection with the implementation of embodiments of the disclosed systems, methods, and devices. As an example, various below-described components of Figure 3A may be used to provide wireless communication of glucose data, for example, between an analyte sensor system and multiple display devices, medical devices, servers, and the like.

[0235] 3A, the system 100 can include an analyte sensor system 308 and one or more display devices 310. Additionally, in the illustrated embodiment, the system 300 includes a server system 334, which in turn includes a server 334a coupled to a processor 334c and a storage device 334b. The analyte sensor system 308 can be coupled to the display device 310 and / or the server system 334 via a communication medium 305. Numerous details of the processing, collection, and exchange of data by the analyte sensor system 308 and / or the display device 310, etc., are provided below, for example with reference to FIG.

[0236] As described in detail herein below, the analyte sensor system 308 and the display device 310 can exchange messaging via a communication medium 305, which can also be used to deliver analyte data to the display device 310 and / or the server system 334. As alluded to above, the display device 310 can include various electronic computing devices, such as, for example, a smartphone, a tablet, a laptop, a wearable device, and the like. The display device 310 can also include an analyte display device 110 and a medical device 136. It will be noted here that the GUI of the display device 310 can perform functions in response to receiving user input and display menus as well as information derived from the analyte data. The GUI can be provided by various operating systems known in the art, such as, for example, iOS, Android, Windows Mobile, Windows, Mac OS, Chrome OS, Linux, Unix, gaming platform OS (e.g., Xbox, PlayStation, Wii), and the like. In various embodiments, the communication medium 305 may be based on one or more wireless communication protocols, such as Bluetooth®, Bluetooth® Low Energy (BLE), ZigBee, WiFi, 802.11 protocols, infrared (IR), radio frequency (RF), 2G, 3G, 4G, etc., and / or wired protocols and media.

[0237] In various embodiments, the elements of system 300 can be used to perform the various processes described herein and / or to perform the various operations described herein with respect to one or more of the disclosed systems and methods. Upon studying this disclosure, one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that system 300 can include multiple analyte sensor systems, communication medium 305, and / or server system 334.

[0238] As discussed above, the communication medium 305 may be used to connect or communicatively couple the analyte sensor system 308, the display device 310, and / or the server system 334 to one another or to a network, and the communication medium 305 may be implemented in various forms. For example, the communication medium 305 may include an Internet connection, such as a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), an optical fiber network, the Internet over power lines, a hardwired connection (e.g., a bus), and the like, or any other type of network connection. The communication medium 305 may be implemented using any combination of routers, cables, modems, switches, optical fibers, wires, wireless (e.g., microwave / RF links), and the like. Additionally, the communication medium 305 may be implemented using various wireless standards, such as Bluetooth, BLE, Wi-Fi, 3GPP standards (e.g., 2G GSM / GPRS / EDGE, 3G UMTS / CDMA2000, or 4G LTE / LTE-U), and others. After reading this disclosure, one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize other ways to implement the communication medium 305 for communication purposes.

[0239] The server 334a may receive, collect, or monitor information, including analyte data and related information, from the analyte sensor system 308 and / or the display device 310, such as input responsive to the analyte data or input received in association with an analyte monitoring application operating on the analyte sensor system or display device 310. In such cases, the server 334a may be configured to receive such information via the communication medium 305. This information may be stored in the storage device 334b ​​and processed by the processor 334c. For example, the processor 334c may include an analysis engine that may perform analysis of the information collected, received, or otherwise, by the server 334a via the communication medium 305. In an embodiment, the server 334a, the storage device 334b, and / or the processor 334c may be implemented as a distributed computing network, such as a Hadoop® network, or as a relational database or the like.

[0240] The server 334a may include, for example, an internet server, a router, a desktop or laptop computer, a smartphone, a tablet, a processor, a module, or the like, and may be implemented in various forms, including, for example, an integrated circuit or assembly thereof, a printed circuit board or assembly thereof, or in a separate housing / package / rack, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the server 334a is at least partially directed to communications made over the communication medium 305. Such communications include delivery and / or messaging (e.g., advertisements, commands, or other messaging) as well as analyte data. For example, the server 334a may process and exchange messages related to frequency bands, timing of transmissions, security, alarms, and the like, between the analyte sensor system 308 and the display device 310. The server 334a may update information stored in the analyte sensor system 308 and / or the display device 310, for example, by delivering applications thereto. The server 334a may transmit / receive information to / from the analyte sensor system 308 and / or the display device 310 in real time or sporadically. Additionally, the server 334a may implement cloud computing capabilities for the analyte sensor system 308 and / or the display device 310.

[0241] FIG. 3B depicts a system 302 including examples of additional aspects of the disclosure that can be used in connection to implement an analyte sensor system. Numerous details of the processing, collection, and exchange of data by the analyte sensor system 308 and / or display device 310, etc., are provided below, for example, with reference to FIG. 6. As illustrated in FIG. 3B, the system 302 can include an analyte sensor system 308. As shown, the analyte sensor system 308 can include an analyte sensor 375 (e.g., which can be shown as number 10 in FIG. 1A) coupled to a sensor measurement circuit 370 for processing and managing the sensor data. The sensor measurement circuit 370 can be coupled to a processor / microprocessor 380 (e.g., which can be part of item 12 in FIG. 1A). In some embodiments, the processor 380 can perform some or all of the functions of the sensor measurement circuit 370 for obtaining and processing sensor measurements from the sensor 375. The processor 380 may further be coupled to a wireless unit or transceiver 320 (e.g., which may be part of item 12 in FIG. 1A) for transmitting sensor data and receiving requests and commands from an external device, such as a display device 310, which may be used to display or otherwise provide the sensor data (or analyte data) to a user. As used herein, the terms "wireless unit" and "transceiver" are used interchangeably and generally refer to devices that can transmit and receive data wirelessly. The analyte sensor system 308 may further include a memory device 365 (e.g., which may be part of item 12 in FIG. 1A) and a real-time clock (RTC) 380 (e.g., which may be part of item 12 in FIG. 1A) for storing and tracking sensor data.

[0242] As alluded to above, wireless communication protocols can be used to transmit and receive data between the analyte sensor system 308 and the display device 310 over the communication medium 305. Such wireless protocols can be designed for use in wireless networks (e.g., personal area networks (PANs)) optimized for periodic, small data transfers (which can be transmitted at lower speeds, if necessary) to many devices in close range. For example, one such protocol can be optimized for periodic data transfers, where the transceiver can be configured to transmit data for short intervals and then enter a low power mode for longer intervals. The protocol may have low overhead requirements, both for normal data transfers and for initial setup configuration of the communication channel (e.g., by reducing overhead), to reduce power consumption. In some embodiments, a burst broadcasting scheme (e.g., one-way communication) can be used. This can eliminate the overhead required for acknowledgment signals and can allow for periodic transmissions that consume little power. In other embodiments, passive or active proximity-based protocols may be used to reduce overhead (e.g., overhead associated with typical pairing operations) and / or to reduce security, of which NFC is one specific example.

[0243] The protocol can be further configured to establish communication channels with multiple devices while implementing interference avoidance schemes. In some embodiments, the protocol can use an adaptive isochronous network topology that defines various time slots and frequency bands for communication with multiple devices. Thus, the protocol can modify transmission windows and frequencies in response to interference and to support communication with multiple devices. Hence, the wireless protocol can use a scheme based on time and frequency division multiplexing (TDMA). The wireless protocol can also use direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) and frequency hopping spread spectrum schemes. Various network topologies can be used to support short-range and / or low-power wireless communication, such as peer-to-peer, star, tree, or mesh network topologies, such as WiFi, Bluetooth, and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). The wireless protocol can operate in various frequency bands, such as open ISM bands, such as 2.4 GHz. Furthermore, to reduce power usage, the wireless protocol can adaptively configure data rates according to power consumption.

[0244] 3B, the system 302 can include a display device 310 communicatively coupled to the analyte sensor system 308 via a communication medium 305. In the illustrated embodiment, the display device 310 includes a connectivity interface 315 (which in turn includes a transceiver 320), a memory device 325 (which in turn stores the analyte sensor application 330 and / or additional applications), a processor / microprocessor 335, a graphical user interface (GUI) 340 that can be presented using a display 345 of the display device 310, and a real-time clock (RTC) 350. A bus (not shown) can be used to interconnect the various elements of the display device 310 and transfer data between these elements.

[0245] The display device 310 can be used to alert and provide sensor information or analyte data to a user and can include a processor / microprocessor 335 for processing and managing sensor data. The display device 310 can include a display 345, a storage device 325, an analyte sensor application 330, and a real-time clock 350 for displaying, storing, and tracking sensor data. The display device 310 can further include a wireless unit or transceiver 320 coupled to other elements of the display device 310 via a connectivity interface 315 and / or a bus. The transceiver 320 can be used to receive sensor data and to transmit requests, commands, and / or data to the analyte sensor system 308. The transceiver 320 can further use a communication protocol. The storage device 325 is also used to store an operating system for the display device 310 and / or custom (e.g., dedicated) applications designed to wirelessly communicate data between the transceiver and the display device 310. The storage device 325 may be a single memory device or multiple memory devices and may be a volatile or non-volatile memory for storing data and / or instructions for software programs and applications. The instructions may be executed by the processor 335 to control and manage the transceiver 320.

[0246] In some embodiments, when a standardized communication protocol is used, commercially available transceiver circuitry can be utilized that incorporates processing circuitry to handle low level data communication functions such as managing data encoding, transmission frequency, handshaking protocols, and the like. In these embodiments, the processor 335, 380 need not manage these activities, but rather provides the desired data values ​​for transmission and also manages higher level functions such as powering up or down, setting the rate at which messages are transmitted, and the like. Instructions and data values ​​to perform these high level functions can be provided to the transceiver circuitry via a data bus and transfer protocol established by the manufacturer of the transceiver 320, 360.

[0247] Components of the analyte sensor system 308 may require periodic replacement. For example, the analyte sensor system 308 may include an implantable sensor 375 that may be attached to a sensor electronics module, which includes a sensor measurement circuit 370, a processor 380, a memory device 365, a transceiver 360, and a battery (not shown). The sensor 375 may require periodic replacement (e.g., every 7-30 days). The sensor electronics module may be configured to be powered and activated for much longer than the sensor 375 (e.g., 3-6 months, or more) before the battery needs to be replaced. Replacing these components may be difficult and may require the assistance of trained personnel. Reducing the need to replace such components, especially the battery, greatly improves the convenience and cost of using the analyte sensor system 308, including for users. In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module may connect to the sensor 375 and establish a sensor session when used for the first time (or in some cases, rebooted after replacing the battery). As described further below, when the module is used for the first time or rebooted (e.g., after a battery change), there may initially be a process to establish communication between the display device 310 and the sensor electronics module. Once the display device 310 and the sensor electronics module have established communication, they may communicate periodically and / or continuously throughout the life of the multiple sensors 375, until, for example, a battery change is required. Each time a sensor 375 is changed, a new sensor session may be established. A new sensor session may be initiated through a process completed using the display device 310, which may be triggered by notification of a new sensor via communication between the sensor electronics module and the display device 310, which may persist for the entire sensor session.

[0248] The analyte sensor system 308 typically collects analyte data from the sensor 375 and transmits it to the display device 310. Data points regarding analyte values ​​can be collected and transmitted throughout the life of the sensor 375 (e.g., ranging from 1 to 30 days or more). New measurements can often be transmitted sufficiently to adequately monitor glucose levels. Rather than having the transmitting and receiving circuitry of each of the analyte sensor system 308 and the display device 310 continuously communicate, the analyte sensor system 308 and the display device 310 can regularly and / or periodically establish a communication channel between them. Thus, the analyte sensor system 308 can communicate via wireless transmission with the display device 310 (e.g., a handheld computing device, a medical device, or a dedicated device) at predetermined time intervals in some cases. The duration of the predetermined time interval can be selected to be long enough so that the analyte sensor system 308 does not consume excessive power by transmitting data more frequently than necessary, yet frequent enough to provide substantially real-time sensor information (e.g., measured glucose values ​​or analyte data) to the display device 310 for output to a user (e.g., via the display 345). In some embodiments, the predetermined time interval is every 5 minutes, although it will be appreciated that this time interval can be varied to be any desired time.

[0249] 3B , as shown, the connectivity interface 315 interfaces the display device 310 to the communication medium 305 such that the display device 310 can be communicatively coupled to the analyte sensor system 308 via the communication medium 305. The transceiver 320 of the connectivity interface 315 can include multiple transceiver modules capable of operating with different wireless standards. The transceiver 320 can be used to receive analyte data and associated commands and messages from the analyte sensor system 308. Additionally, the connectivity interface 315 can include additional components for controlling wireless and / or wired connections in some cases, such as baseband and / or Ethernet modems, audio / video codecs, and others.

[0250] The storage 325 can include volatile memory (e.g., RAM) and / or non-volatile memory (e.g., flash storage), and can include any of EPROM, EEPROM, cache, or some combination / variation thereof. In various embodiments, the storage 325 can store user input data and / or other data collected by the display device 310 (e.g., input from other users collected via the analyte sensor application 330). The storage 325 can also be used to store large amounts of analyte data received from the analyte sensor system 308 for later retrieval and use, for example, to determine trends and trigger alerts. In addition, as described in more detail herein below, the storage 325 can store the analyte sensor application 330, which when executed using the processor 335, can, for example, receive input (e.g., via conventional hard / soft keys or touch screen, voice detection, or other input mechanisms) and enable a user to interact with the analyte data and associated content via the GUI 340.

[0251] In various embodiments, a user can interact with the analyte sensor application 330 via a GUI 340, which can be provided by a display 345 of the display device 310. As an example, the display 345 can be a touch screen display that accepts various hand gestures as input. The application 330 can process and / or present data related to the analytes received by the display device 310, and can present such data via the display 345, according to various operations described herein. Additionally, the application 330 can be used to obtain, access, display, control, and / or interface with analyte data and related messaging and processes associated with the analyte sensor system 308, as described in further detail herein.

[0252] The application 330 can be downloaded, installed, and initially configured / setup on the display device 310. For example, the display device 310 can obtain the application 330 from the server system 334 or from another source accessed via a communication medium (e.g., communication medium 305), such as an application store or the like. Following installation and setup, the application 330 can be used to access and / or interface with respect to analyte data (e.g., whether stored on the server system 334, stored locally from the storage device 325, or stored from the analyte sensor system 308). By way of example, the application 330 can present a menu including various controls or commands that can be executed in connection with the operation of the analyte sensor system 308 and one or more display devices 310. The application 330 may also interface with or control other display devices 310 as described herein, for example, to deliver analyte data to the other display devices 310 and make the analyte data available to them, including by receiving / transmitting analyte data directly to the other display devices 310 and / or by transmitting instructions to the analyte sensor system 308 and other display devices 310 to which it is connected, etc. Additionally, the application 330 may, in some implementations, interact with one or more additional applications supported by the display device 310, for example, to retrieve or provide related data. Such applications may include, by way of example, fitness / lifestyle monitoring applications, social media applications, and the like.

[0253] The analyte sensor application 330 can include various code / functionality modules, such as a display module, a menu module, a list module, and the like, as will become apparent in light of the description of the various functions herein (e.g., in relation to the disclosed methods). These modules can be implemented separately or in combination. Each module can include a computer-readable medium and can have computer-executable code stored thereon, such that the code is operatively coupled to and / or executed by the processor 335 (e.g., can include circuitry for such execution) to perform a particular function (e.g., as described herein with respect to various operations and flowcharts) related to interfacing with analyte data and performing tasks related thereto. As will be further described below, the display module can present various screens to the user (e.g., via the display 345), which include graphical representations of information provided by the application 330. In further embodiments, the application 330 can be used to display to the user various display devices that may be connectable to the analyte sensor system 308, as well as an environment for viewing and interacting with the analyte sensor system 308 itself. The sensor application 330 may include a native application modified by a software design kit (eg, operating system dependent) to perform the functions / features described herein.

[0254] 3B, the display device 310 also includes a processor / microcontroller 335. The processor 335 may include processor sub-modules, including, by way of example, an application processor that interfaces with and / or controls other elements of the display device 310 (e.g., the connectivity interface 315, the applications 330, the GUI 340, the display 345, the RTC 350, etc.). The processor 335 may include a controller and / or microcontroller that provides various controls (e.g., interfaces with buttons and switches) related to device management (e.g., lists of available or previously paired devices, information related to measurements, information related to network conditions (e.g., link quality, and the like), information related to the timing, type, and / or structure of messaging exchanged between the analyte sensor system 308 and the display device 310, etc.). In addition, the controller may include various controls related to user inputs, such as a user's fingerprint (e.g., for granting a user's access to data or for use in authorizing / encrypting data including analyte data), as well as collection of analyte data.

[0255] The processor 335 may include circuitry such as logic, memory, battery and power circuits, and other circuit drivers for peripheral and audio components. The processor 335 and any sub-processors thereof may include logic for receiving, processing, and / or storing data received and / or input to the display device 310, as well as data transmitted or delivered by the display device 310. The processor 335 may be coupled to the display 345, as well as to the connectivity interface 315 and the storage device 325 (including the application 330) by a bus. Thus, the processor 335 may receive and process electrical signals generated by these respective elements, and thus perform various functions. As an example, the processor 335 may access stored content from the storage device 325 at the direction of the application 330, process the stored content to display and / or output by the display 345. Additionally, the processor 335 may process and transmit the stored content to other display devices 310, the analyte sensor system 308, or the server system 334 via the connectivity interface 315 and the communication medium 305. Display device 310 may include other peripheral components not shown in detail in FIG. 3B.

[0256] In further embodiments, the processor 335 may further acquire, detect, calculate, and / or store data input by a user via the display 345 or GUI 340 or data received from the analyte sensor system 308 (e.g., analyte sensor data or associated messaging) over a period of time. The processor 335 may use this input to measure the user's physical and / or mental response to the data and / or other factors (e.g., time of day, location, etc.). In various embodiments, as described in more detail herein below, the user's response or other factors may indicate preferences for use of a particular display device 310 in particular situations and / or use of a particular connection / transmission scheme under various conditions.

[0257] At this point, it should be noted that like-named elements between the display device 310 and the analyte sensor system 308 may include the same features, structures, and / or capabilities, and thus, with respect to such elements, the description of the display device 310 above may, in some instances, be applicable to the analyte sensor system 308.

[0258] Referring now to FIG. 3C, a system 304 is depicted in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the system 304 includes an analyte sensor system 308 communicatively coupled to display devices 310a, 310b via a communication medium 305a. The display device 310a is also communicatively coupled to the display device 310b via a communication medium 305b. As an example, FIG. 3C illustrates that in an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, the display device 310a can connect to the analyte sensor system 308 using a first connection scheme and a first wireless protocol (e.g., BLE). The display device 310a can then also connect to the display device 310b using a second connection scheme and a second wireless protocol (e.g., Wi-Fi, NFC, etc.). In an embodiment, the connection between the display device 310a and the analyte sensor system 308 can then be closed and the display device 310b can establish a connection with the analyte sensor system 308 while maintaining a connection with the display device 310a. Further, for example, display devices 310a and 310b can exchange analyte data via communication medium 305b, with each display device 310a, 310b receiving analyte data via communication medium 305a, i.e., from analyte sensor system 308. Additional aspects and features represented by FIG. 3C will become apparent upon review of the entire disclosure.

[0259] 17, exemplary implementations of various method features, such as methods 704, 706, 712, 714, 716, 718, 722, 724, and 726, are illustrated. One such exemplary implementation includes aspects of a method 1700 for wirelessly communicating analyte data. At act 1705A, the method 1700 includes establishing a first connection between the analyte sensor system 308 (see FIG. 3C) and a first display device via a first wireless protocol. By way of example, the first display device can be any of the display devices referenced herein, including, for example, the display devices 310a and 310b, the analyte sensor system 110, the medical device 136, etc., with reference to FIGS. 1A and 3C. At act 1705B, the method 1700 includes transferring information related to the first connection from the analyte sensor system 308 to the first display device. Examples of such information are described herein. In some cases, the information is not transferred from the analyte sensor system 308 to the first display device, but rather is generated and / or resides in the first display, for example, by establishing a first connection and / or another mechanism (e.g., pre-programming, manual entry, etc.).

[0260] At operation 1705C, method 1700 includes the second display device establishing a second connection to the first display device via a second wireless protocol. As an example, the second display device can be any of the display devices referenced herein, including, for example, display devices 310a and 310b, analyte sensor system 110, medical device 136, etc., with reference to FIG. 1A and FIG. 3C. At operation 1705D, method 1700 includes transferring information related to the first connection from the first display device to the second display device using the second wireless protocol. At this point, it is worth mentioning that any of the wireless protocols described herein can be replaced with or extended by a wired communication protocol without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure.

[0261] An embodiment of method 1700 includes, at act 1705E, establishing a third connection between the second display device and the analyte sensor system 308 using the first wireless protocol and the information transferred from the first display device to communicate analyte data between the analyte sensor system 308 and the second display device. For example, the transferred information can be used to reduce setup time that might otherwise be associated with establishing the third connection. In an example implementation, the first wireless protocol is BLE and the second wireless protocol is NFC or WiFi.

[0262] 3D illustrates an example implementation of a GUI 340 that may be used in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3D, the GUI 340 may be presented via a display 345 of a display device 310, for example in association with a sensor application 330. Generally speaking, the functionality and features of the GUI 340 are described in further detail with reference to the systems and methods described herein. By way of example, the GUI 340 may represent a display device manager. As shown, the display device manager may include an interface module for each of one or more display devices 310 (see FIGS. 3A and 3B) that may be coupled to the analyte sensor system 308. Interface module 390a can be used to interface with a first one of the display devices 310 ("Display Device 1" or "DD1"), interface module 390b can be used to interface with an analyte display device ("Analyte Display") of the display devices 310, and interface module 390c can be used to interface with a second one of the display devices 310 ("Display Device 2" or "DD2"). Each interface module 390a, 390b, 390c can in turn include a configuration menu 395, which can include a number of buttons (e.g., touch-sensitive soft keys) for configuring various settings of the device being managed. The available buttons in the configuration menu 395 and their functions can be modified, for example, based on the characteristics of the display device being managed as well as other parameters.

[0263] As described in connection with FIG. 3E, configuration menu 395 can be used to access submenus that can be used to select specific management options for the target display device. Additional buttons that can be included in GUI 340 are buttons 312a-e. For example, button 312a can be used to add the device to a device manager, button 312b can be used to apply a pre-set configuration to the device manager, button 312c can be used to notify the user of an alert or manage changes to settings, button 312d can be used to navigate back to a previous screen shown in GUI 340 (e.g., in connection with application 330), and button 312e can be used as a soft key to return to the home screen of display device 310.

[0264] Referring now to FIG. 3E, additional aspects that may be implemented in connection with GUI 340 are provided. As shown in FIG. 3E, an embodiment of GUI 340 includes submenus 314a-f of interface modules 390a, 390b, and 390c. Submenu 314a may be accessed via a configuration menu 395 of interface module 390a. In this instance, submenu 314a corresponds to a "tether" option. In this regard, when selected (e.g., via a touch gesture on display 345), submenu 314a presents options 316a for tethering "display device 1" to "analyte display," "display device 2," or "other device." Options 316a may be used to select the device to tether. Referring to FIG. 3C as a specific example, tethering may include, in this instance, two display devices 310a and 310b, for example, connected via communication medium 305b. Here, "Display Analyte" and "Display Device 2" may correspond to known devices, while selecting the "Other Devices" option may initiate a scan for other display devices 310 available for connection. It will be appreciated that sub-menu 314a may be implemented in connection with any other interface module (e.g., 390b, etc.).

[0265] Submenu 314b corresponds to a "Replace / Delete" option. In this regard, when selected (e.g., via a touch gesture on display 345), submenu 314b presents option 316b, which includes an option to replace the analyte display with another display device 310, i.e., "Display Device 3" ("DD3") or other device. Within option 316b, submenu 314b also presents an option to "Delete" the "Analyte Display" from a list of devices (e.g., whitelist), as described further herein (see, e.g., FIG. 10B). Again, "Display Device 3" may correspond to a known device, whereas selecting the "Other Devices" option may initiate a scan for other display devices 310 available for connection to the "Analyte Display". It will be appreciated that submenu 314b may be implemented in conjunction with any other interface module (e.g., 390a, etc.). For example, the submenu may be used to replace a user's old smartphone with a user's new smartphone for use with analyte sensor system 308.

[0266] Submenu 314c corresponds to a "Config.Params." or "Configuration Parameters" option. In this regard, when selected (e.g., via a touch gesture on display 345), submenu 314c presents option 316c, which includes options for modifying or setting various configuration parameters related to the connection to and transmission of data from analyte sensor system 8. Within option 316c, submenu 314c presents an option regarding whether the "configuration parameters" are "enabled" and then lists additional options related to the "configuration parameters" that may be specifically controlled by the user. In some embodiments, these parameters may additionally or alternatively be monitored and adjusted without user intervention (e.g., via display device 310 and / or analyte sensor system 308), such as by comparing monitored parameter values ​​to predefined and / or configurable / adaptable thresholds. In this regard, a user may be able to select which parameters to monitor / adjust via display device 310. In other cases, the selection may be made on the fly based on monitored parameter values ​​and / or other inputs.

[0267] The "quality" option can be adjusted by a user to control or interface "configuration parameters" related to quality of service (QoS), as further described herein. Additionally, as further detailed elsewhere herein, QoS-related parameters can also be monitored / adjusted by the analyte sensor system 308 and / or display device 310, for example, based on thresholds related to link quality, etc. The "location" option can be adjusted by a user to control or interface "configuration parameters" related to location, as further described herein. The "time" option can be adjusted by a user to control or interface "configuration parameters" related to date and time, as further described herein. The "power" option can be adjusted by a user to control or interface "configuration parameters" related to battery power, as further described herein. It will be appreciated that sub-menu 314c can be implemented in conjunction with any other interface module (e.g., 390a, etc.).

[0268] Submenu 314d corresponds to pop-up window options related to the device with which interface module 390a is associated (i.e., in this example, “Display Device 1” (DD1)). More specifically, as described further herein, submenu 314d indicates whether the device in question is on the whitelist via greyed-out option 316d. Option 316d is greyed-out in this example to indicate that the option is not selectable but is used to present information regarding the whitelist status. A different submenu ("Whitelist / Blacklist"), not specifically referenced with reference to FIG. 3E, can be used to add / remove a particular device to / from the whitelist (or blacklist). It will be appreciated that submenu 314d can be implemented in conjunction with any other interface module (e.g., 390a, etc.).

[0269] Submenu 314e corresponds to a "dedicated" option. In this regard, when selected (e.g., via a touch gesture on display 345), submenu 314c presents option 316e, which includes an option for making the target display device (herein, "analyte display") a dedicated display device for connection to and transmission of data from analyte sensor system 8. Within option 316e, submenu 314e presents an option for indicating "yes" or "no" regarding whether "analyte display" is a dedicated display device, as described further herein. It will be appreciated that submenu 314e can be implemented in conjunction with any other interface module (e.g., 390a, etc.).

[0270] Submenu 314f corresponds to a "Mode" option. In this regard, when selected (e.g., via a touch gesture on display 345), submenu 314f presents options 316f, which include options for setting a connection mode between a display device of interest (here, "Display Device 2") and analyte sensor system 8. Within options 316f, submenu 314f presents "Connect / Disconnect", Connected, and "Other" options for connection mode operation, as described further herein. It will be appreciated that submenu 314f can be implemented in connection with any other interface module (e.g., 390a, etc.).

[0271] 3E. Nevertheless, one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize upon studying this disclosure that GUI 340 can present various additional options with respect to these submenus, and will also recognize that additional submenus are within the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. For example, some such submenus / options, such as, for example, a "Priority" option (see, e.g., the discussion of method 1000), are described elsewhere herein in connection with the methods and / or systems.

[0272] 4 is a block diagram illustrating potential aspects of an analyte sensor system 408, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Aspects of the analyte sensor system 408 shown in FIG. 4 may be implemented within a subsystem 400 of the analyte sensor system 408 and may generally be used to manage a wireless interface between the analyte sensor system 408 and any display device communicatively coupled via a wireless protocol such as BLE. For example, an application programming interface (API) 450 may be provided for the display device to communicate with a processor 420 (e.g., processor 380) via a radio 425, which may include a BLE or other RF or microwave transceiver (e.g., transceiver 360). The processor 420 may be used to process analyte data collected by the sensor 405 (e.g., sensor 375).

[0273] As shown, within the analyte sensor system 408, the subsystem 400 can include a sensor 405 (e.g., sensor 10), an analog front end (AFE) 410 (e.g., sensor electronics module 12), a battery 415, a processor 420, and a radio 425. The design of the analyte sensor system 408, including with respect to the subsystem 400 and associated software, allows for such multi-chip operation and / or management, particularly where such operation and management is performed in accordance with the power conservation principles described herein and may include implementing system configurations that support / maximize power savings. For example, the design allows for system startup, inter-chip communication, scheduling of application tasks, maximizing battery life in storage and startup modes, and utilization of control points and instructions via an API 450 associated with the radio 425.

[0274] The storage mode can be used to operate the analyte sensor system 408 before the analyte sensor system 408 is inserted into a host. For example, upon detecting that the sensor 405 has been inserted into a host, the analyte sensor system 408 can automatically exit the storage mode and enter a startup mode. In the storage mode, the radio 425 can be at least partially disabled to conserve power. Similarly, the processor 420 can be at least partially disabled, for example, by disabling a clock (e.g., RTC 350) used by the processor 420. It is further contemplated that in the storage mode, the radio 425 can be configured to go into a deep sleep mode. This can advantageously extend / maximize the battery life of the analyte sensor system 408. In an implementation, it is further contemplated that the analyte sensor system 408 can exit the storage mode upon interacting with the display device 310, for example, via NFC.

[0275] In the wake-up mode, low power mode (LPM) can still be used (e.g., to extend / maximize battery life), but the RTC 350 can be woken up / enabled. This can allow the processor 420 to accurately track time and perform other clock-based functions, and still allow for power savings. For example, the RTC 350 can be used to perform error recovery using a time-based counter and interrupts. The following error recovery scenarios are provided by way of example. In one example, if no response message is received from the radio 425 for a given amount of time, the processor 420 can reset the radio 425. In another example, periodic interrupts can be used, where if the logic of the RTC 350 fails, the analyte sensor system 408 can be reset by hardware logic. In additional implementations, if a message or signal associated with the wake source 435 (or AFE 410) is not received or fails, an interrupt (e.g., an RTC interrupt) can be used to wake the processor 420 from LPM to perform communication functions.

[0276] The processor 420 can act as a system controller for the subsystems 400 in the analyte sensor system 408. For example, after initializing, the radio 425 can go into a sleep state and wait for instructions from the processor 420. The AFE 410 can initialize to a default state and wait for configuration instructions / commands from the processor 420 as well. The processor 420 can control the reset of the AFE 410 and / or the radio 425 if an error is detected. The processor 420 can also reset itself if an internal error condition is detected (e.g., using a hardware watchdog).

[0277] The subsystem 400 of the analyte sensor system 8 may utilize a multi-chip (or multi-module) design, in which case a hardware communication bus may be used for data exchange between the various chips (or modules). Examples of potential options for the hardware communication bus include Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C or I2C) and Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI). SPI may be used to achieve reduced power as well as increased speed over I2C.

[0278] The wake source 435 and the raw sensor data 430 can be used to maximize the battery life of the analyte sensor system 408. The AFE 410 can typically be used as a wake source for the components of the subsystem 400. Nonetheless, other wake sources can be utilized. During normal operation, the AFE 410 enables the processor 420 to enter an energy-efficient low power mode (LPM). The wake source 435 can be used to signal the processor 420 to exit LPM, for example, so that the processor 420 can perform operations that are typically unavailable during LPM. The wake source 435 can periodically signal the processor 420 in this manner to trigger the initiation of processor 420 processing or execution operations. The analyte sensor system 408 can include multiple processors and can implement staged task processing in some cases in conjunction with the wake source 435 so that not all processors are active at the same time, as described below with reference to FIG. 5. This technique can reduce power consumption and therefore extend battery life. As an example, the wake source 435 can first signal the processor 420 to exit LPM and then begin configuring the associated hardware and software of the analyte sensor system 408 to begin transferring raw sensor (analyte) data from the AFE 410.

[0279] The raw sensor data 430 may include hardware that transfers sensor data collected by the sensor 405 from the AFE 410 to the processor 420. Such data may be referred to herein as raw sensor data or raw analyte data. The configuration 440 may be a bidirectional interface between the processor 420 and the AFE 410. In some cases, the configuration 440 may be implemented using I2C, although SPI or another interface configuration may also be used. The processor 420 and the radio 425 may similarly use SPI and / or I2C buses for communication and data transfer. In some cases, additional hardware and software may be used to create an asynchronous interface between the processor 420 and the radio 425 when using a synchronous protocol (e.g., SPI and the like).

[0280] 5, a block diagram illustrating potential aspects of an analyte sensor system 508 is provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. Aspects of the analyte sensor system 508 shown in FIG. 5 may be implemented within a subsystem 500 of the analyte sensor system 508. In particular, the subsystem 500 may include a processor 520 and a radio 525, which may be modified to include a SPI bus and additional general purpose input / outputs (GPIOs) to the communication interface 445, thus creating an asynchronous interface 545 that couples the processor 520 to the radio 525. The asynchronous interface 545 may, in some instances, be referred to as a message transfer layer.

[0281] 5, the asynchronous interface 545 includes a connection 505b that provides a chip select (CS) output 505c of the radio 525 to a chip select input 505a of the processor 520. Additionally, the asynchronous interface 545 includes a connection 510b that provides an SPI clock out 515c of the radio 525 to a CLK input 510a of the processor 520. The asynchronous interface 545 includes a connection 515b that provides an MISO 530a of the processor 520 to an MISO (multiple input single output) input 530c of the radio 525. The asynchronous interface 545 further includes a connection 530b that provides an MOSI output 530c of the radio 525 to an MOSI (multiple output single input) input 530a of the processor 520. Additionally, the asynchronous interface 545 includes a connection 535b that provides a request output 535a of the processor 520 to a request input 535c of the radio 525. The asynchronous interface 545 also includes a connection 545 b that provides an ACK / NACK (acknowledgement / negative acknowledgement) output 540 c of the radio 525 to an ACK / NACK input 540 a of the processor 520 .

[0282] The asynchronous interface 545 can provide an asynchronous communication link between the processor 520 (which can be used for process analyte data) and a radio processor (e.g., a baseband processor) in the radio 525. Additionally, the asynchronous interface 545 can allow for the removal of a master / slave topology from the application layer logic. The asynchronous interface 545 also allows for sending / receiving messages in an interrupt context, such that the processor 520 and / or the radio processor remain in a low power mode until a completion message is ready to be communicated over the interface. Typically, messages sent by the processor 520 use ACK / NACK as well as response packets to acknowledge / deny receipt of the message. Staged tasking can also be used to limit the runtime of each of the processors in the processor 520 and the radio 525 with as little overlap of runtime as possible for the subsystem 500. This can reduce stress on the battery 415 and also minimize the challenges of asynchronous messaging.

[0283] Referring again to FIG. 4, the AFE 410 samples raw analyte data from the sensor 405 for a period of time (e.g., 5 minutes). During sampling, the processor 420 and a processor (e.g., a baseband processor) in the radio 425 may be held in low power mode (LPM). Once the AFE 410 completes sampling, the AFE 410 may send a signal to the processor 420 indicating that the processor 420 should exit LPM (i.e., wake up). The AFE 410 may then transfer the raw analyte data to the processor 420 via the configuration 440. The AFE 410 may then re-enter LPM. The processor 420 may then process the raw analyte data (e.g., to generate an estimated glucose value) and store the processed analyte data. The processor 420 may signal the processor of the radio 425 via the communication interface 445 to communicate the processed analyte data to the radio 425. Thereafter, processor 420 may enter LPM while radio 425 waits to connect to a display device (e.g., display device 310). Once such a connection is made, processor 420 may exit LPM, and the display device and processor 420 may exchange data, commands, and / or messaging over radio 425.

[0284] The API 450 can be used to interface with devices remote from the analyte sensor system 408 through various wireless protocols. One example of such a protocol is BLE. In this regard, the API 450 allows the analyte sensor system 408 to be configured by a user of a display device (e.g., display device 310) running an application such as the analyte sensor application 330. The analyte sensor application 330 may be developed by a manufacturer of the analyte sensor system 408 and / or display device 310, or may be developed by any individual or entity. In instances where the BLE standard is used to couple a display device to the analyte sensor system 408, the BLE characteristics can be configured according to system design parameters.

[0285] FIG. 6 is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed, for example, by the analyte sensor system 408 in association with an embodiment of a method 600 according to the present disclosure. For purposes of context, FIG. 6 includes an analyte sensor system 608 and a subsystem 602. As shown, within the subsystem 602, the analyte sensor system 608 may include an AFE 610, a processor 620 (which may be used to process CGM data), and a radio 625. The analyte sensor system 608 may perform the various operations illustrated in FIG. 6 to connect (e.g., wirelessly) to a remote device, such as a display device (e.g., the display device 310 or the medical device 136). In this manner, the analyte data may be transmitted to the display device and processed therein. Additionally, the analyte sensor system 608 and the display device may exchange messaging related to configuring a communication protocol used to connect the analyte sensor system and the display device. The operations shown in FIG. 6 may be described in some instances herein with reference to the BLE protocol, although in any instance, those skilled in the art will recognize upon studying this disclosure that the aspects shown and described in FIG. 6 may be applied to other communication protocols.

[0286] Prior to operation 610a, the analyte sensor system 608 may be in an LPM or related mode in which power consumption is reduced, such as a "sleep mode." At operation 610a, the AFE 610 signals the processor 620 to begin processing. For example, the AFE 610 may signal the processor 620 with a wake event that instructs the processor 620 to exit the low power mode. As alluded to above, the AFE 610 may act as a wake source, and operation 610a may correspond to the wake source 435 referenced in FIG. 4. At operation 610b, the AFE 610 passes sensor data (e.g., raw analytes or sensor data) to the processor 620. In an exemplary implementation in which the analyte data is related to glucose data, the processor 620 may be referred to as a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) processor.

[0287] Once signaled (e.g., at operation 610a) to begin processing, processor 620 may process the sensor data passed thereto at operation 610b at operation 620a. For example, as seen in FIG. 6, processor 620 may calculate an estimated glucose value (EGV) from the sensor data. Processor 620 may also store the sensor data and / or another value derived therefrom (e.g., EGV) in a memory device and / or database (e.g., memory device 365, which in some cases is a flash memory, as shown in FIG. 3B). At operation 620b, processor 620 may signal radio 625 (which in some cases may be a BLE radio) to begin communication. At operation 620c, processor 620 may then enter an LPM or associated mode in which power consumption is reduced, e.g., a "sleep mode". In response to the signal sent at operation 620b to begin communication, radio 625 may advertise and / or connect to a display device at operation 625a. Examples of advertisement messaging and associated connect / disconnect protocols are described in further detail herein.

[0288] After advertisement / connection at operation 625a, the radio 625 may receive request signaling (e.g., a command request) at operation 630a. The request signaling may be received from a display device and may be a request for transmission of analyte data and / or may relate to various configuration parameters of the analyte sensor system 608 associated with the advertisement and / or data transmission. In response to receiving the signaling, at operation 625b, the radio 625 may pass the signaling to the processor 620. This may be done using interface 445 or 545 (e.g., a message transfer layer). In other words, the radio 625 may be configured to pass such signaling to the processor 620 using a message transfer layer, so that, for example, the analyte sensor system 608 does not appear to be a multi-chip system to the display device sending the signaling. After passing the signaling to the processor 620 (at act 625b), at act 625c the radio 625 may enter an LPM or related mode in which power consumption is reduced, such as a "sleep mode."

[0289] After receiving the request signaling from the radio 625 at act 625d (act 625b), the processor 620 may process the signaling to generate a response signaling (e.g., a command response). The response signaling may be passed to the radio 625 at act 620e. This may be done using the interface 445 or 545 (e.g., a message transfer layer). In other words, the processor 620 may be configured to pass such signals to the radio 625 using a message transfer layer. Upon receiving the response signaling (sent at act 620e), the radio 625 may exit the LPM or related mode (entered at act 625c) and send the response signaling to the display device. Briefly, as an example, after receiving a request for analyte data from the display device (at act 630a), the analyte sensor system 608 may transmit the response signaling (at act 625d).

[0290] At operation 620f, the processor 620 signals the radio 625 to stop communication. In this manner, after transmitting the response signaling (at operation 625d), the radio 625 can close the connection with the display device and enter LPM or the like at operation 625e. Similarly, the processor 620 can enter LPM or the like at operation 620g after signaling the radio 625 to stop communication. The analyte sensor system 608 can remain in LPM or the like until the AFE 610 subsequently signals the processor 620 to resume implementing the various operations described above.

[0291] The above description of aspects of the disclosed systems and methods for wirelessly communicating analyte data provides several specific improvements below, which those skilled in the art will recognize upon studying this disclosure that these improvements can be implemented using features and combinations of features of the exemplary configurations described above, regardless of whether explicit reference is made to them.

[0292] F. Authentication In scenarios involving the connection of two devices over a network (wireless or otherwise), authentication may be used to prevent unauthorized devices from making the connection. For example, if sensitive data is being exchanged, authentication may be used to prevent unauthorized devices or entities from gaining access to the data. In this regard, authentication protocols may be used to establish or verify the identities of the connecting devices.

[0293] 7A is an operational flow diagram illustrating various operations that may be performed in association with an embodiment of a method 700 for wireless communication of analyte data between an analyte sensor system 708 and a display device 710, as well as in association with related system, apparatus, and device embodiments. In some cases, the method 700 may be used in association with authenticating the display device 710 and / or the analyte sensor system 708 (e.g., in two-way authentication) so that analyte data can be exchanged under authorized conditions.

[0294] The various tasks performed in association with the procedure illustrated in FIG. 7A may be performed, for example, by a processor executing instructions embodied in a non-transitory computer-readable medium. The tasks or operations performed in association with the procedure may be performed by hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof, embedded in one or more of a computing device, such as one or more of the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710. Upon studying this disclosure, it will be recognized that the procedure may include any number of additional or alternative tasks or operations. The operations illustrated as an example in FIG. 7A need not be performed in the order illustrated, and the procedure may be incorporated into a more comprehensive procedure or process having additional functionality not described in detail herein with particular reference to FIG. 7A.

[0295] In some examples described below, the analyte value is, for purposes of illustration, a glucose value based on one or more measurements made by analyte sensor 10 (with reference to FIGS. 1A, 2A, and 2B) and / or by sensor 405 (with reference to FIG. 4). Nevertheless, upon study of this disclosure, it should be understood that the analyte value may be any other analyte value described herein. Wireless data communication between analyte sensor system 708 and one or more of display devices 710 may be referred to as a "T 間隔", which may correspond to the duration between two successive wireless communication sessions between the transceiver 360 of the analyte sensor system 708 and the transceiver 320 of the display device 710 (see FIG. 3B ). Alternatively or additionally, the update interval may be considered as a period of time during which the most recently measured glucose value is obtained and transmitted. Transmission of advertisement signals or messages, establishment of a data connection (e.g., a communication channel), and requesting and transmitting data each occur within a period of time equal to or greater than the update interval T. 間隔 Inside "T 起動 This may occur during a wireless communication session that lasts for an active time or period of time indicated by T 間隔 and / or T 起動 Between two successive wireless communication sessions, the components of the analyte sensor system 708 (e.g., the transceiver 360) may vary in “T 停止 " may enter an LPM or similar mode, such as a stop or sleep mode for an inactivity period represented as "." This may allow for, for example, preservation of battery life and / or reduced peak voltage requirements.

[0296] Thus, in some authentication and connection schemes used to communicate analyte data, the analyte sensor system 708 may periodically connect to the display device 710. For example, a communication session 720 may implement one such authentication and connection scheme. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 7A, the communication session 720 may be periodically 間隔 As alluded to above, 間隔 is T 起動 The starting part corresponds to T 停止 and a stop portion corresponding to T. 起動 In some cases, the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 are connected and actively exchanging messaging (e.g., according to operation 705 and / or its suboperations), but as described above, the T起動 There may be periods during which the system 708 goes into LPM or the like.

[0297] From a connection perspective, typically, the analyte sensor system may transmit one or more advertisement messages during the communication session 720 at operation 705. The advertisement message may be viewed as an invitation for the display device 710 to establish a data connection with the analyte sensor system 708 (e.g., via the transceiver 360). The transmitted advertisement message may then be received at the display device 710 (e.g., via the transceiver 320). For authentication purposes, the analyte sensor system may share an identification number with the display device, which is associated with the analyte sensor system.

[0298] 7A , it is assumed that the analyte sensor system 708 must engage in an initial system setup, for example because the analyte sensor system 708 was recently turned on for the first time and / or is not currently paired with any display device 710. Typically, a user of the display device 710 can determine whether the analyte sensor system 708 is new or has never been used to pair with a display device 710 by entering identification information (e.g., a serial number) associated with the analyte sensor system 708 via a custom application (e.g., application 330) running on the display device 710 using a GUI 340 that may be presented on the display 345 (e.g., a touchscreen display).

[0299] As alluded to above, during the communication session 720, an authentication procedure may need to be performed in conjunction with the data connection process corresponding to act 705b and / or the data transmission process corresponding to act 705d. To establish a data connection with the analyte sensor system 708, the display device 710 may continuously listen or scan until it receives an advertisement message transmitted by the analyte sensor system 708. Once the analyte sensor system starts transmitting advertisement messages at act 705a, one, two, or more advertisement messages may be received by the display device 710 to receive and respond to the advertisement messages. In some embodiments, once one of the display devices 710 receives and responds to the advertisement message, e.g., via an acknowledgment (e.g., as part of act 705b) and / or by sending a connection request, the analyte sensor system 708 stops transmitting additional advertisement messages. In other embodiments, the analyte sensor system may continue to send additional advertisement messages even after receiving a response from one display device 710, such that another display device 710 may receive and respond to one of the additional advertisement messages.

[0300] Thus, operation 705b may include the analyte sensor system receiving a connection request from the display device 710 and responding to the connection request by allowing or denying the request. If the analyte sensor system 708 allows the connection request, an acknowledgment or other message may be transmitted to the display device 710 as part of operation 705b. A data connection between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 may then be established. Nevertheless, an authentication procedure may be employed according to operation 705c before data is actually exchanged in operation 705d. Authentication may include exchanging various messages, including challenges and hash values, and their associated signaling, between the analyte sensor system and the display device according to a one-way or two-way handshake process.

[0301] For example, as part of operation 705c, the display device 710 may request a challenge value from the analyte sensor system 708. In response to the request, the analyte sensor system 708 transmits the challenge value to the display device 710. The display device may then generate a hash value based on both the challenge value received from the analyte sensor system 708 and the identification information associated with the analyte sensor system 708. As yet another part of operation 705c, the display device may then transmit the hash value to the analyte sensor system 708. The display device 710 may also transmit additional information (e.g., information related to the type of display device 710, such as whether the display device is a medical device or a personal electronic device).

[0302] The analyte sensor system 708 receives the hash value from the display device 710 (e.g., via the transceiver 360), decodes the identification information from the hash value, and verifies that the received identification information matches the identification information associated with the analyte sensor system 708, which may have been previously stored (e.g., during manufacture / setup of the analyte sensor system 708) in the storage device 365 of the analyte sensor system 708. The analyte sensor system 708 may also verify the hash value received from the display device 710 by comparing the received hash value (e.g., based on a previously transmitted challenge value) with a mirror hash value generated by the analyte sensor 708. In response to the verification, the analyte sensor system 708 may send a signal to the display device 710 confirming successful authentication. Once authenticated, the analyte sensor system 8 and the display device 110, 120, 130, 140 may exchange information to determine how to exchange data (e.g., specific frequencies, time slot allocations, encryption, etc.). FIG. 12C also illustrates aspects of the handshake process described above.

[0303] The process described above can be considered a one-way authentication procedure. Additional operations can be performed as part of operation 705c during a two-way authentication procedure (not specifically shown in FIG. 7A, but see, e.g., FIG. 12B). For example, in addition to the hash value transmitted from the display device 710 to the analyte sensor system 708, the display device 710 can also transmit a new challenge value to the analyte sensor system 708. The analyte sensor system 708 can then generate an additional hash value using the new challenge value received from the display device 710 and transmit the additional hash value back to the display device 710. Upon receiving the additional hash value, the display device 710 can verify the additional hash value. In an exemplary implementation, verification of the additional hash value received from the analyte sensor system 708 can be performed by the display device 710 by comparing the received additional hash value with a mirror hash value generated by the display device 710 (e.g., based on the previously transmitted new challenge value). In this manner, two-way authentication can be performed between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710. Following authentication, data may be exchanged with the understanding that the data is being received by and from a valid (or authorized) device. It will be appreciated that numerous different operations 705c and sub-operations thereof are contemplated in this disclosure. For example, the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 may reverse roles with respect to operation 705c. That is, operation 705c may begin with the analyte sensor system 708 requesting a challenge value from the display device 710, thus triggering the operations described above, but in the reverse direction between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710.

[0304] Additionally, the communication session 720 may also include exchanging application keys between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710. For example, in the authentication process described above, identification information associated with the analyte sensor system 708 may be used as an application key to encrypt data and other signaling transmitted between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710. By exchange of challenge and hash values ​​as described in connection with operation 705c, such application keys may be effectively shared between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710. Thus, in embodiments of the present disclosure, application keys may be used for both authentication and encryption purposes. Application keys may be random numbers in some cases. In some cases, application keys may be exchanged as is (whether encrypted or unencrypted) between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 (e.g., as a challenge value, etc.). In other cases, application keys may be derived by the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710, respectively, by exchanging challenge and hash values, rather than actual application keys being exchanged. Thus, for example, the application key may be used, for example, by the analyte sensor system 708 to encrypt analyte data for transmission to the display device 710, and the display device 710 may use the application key to decrypt the received analyte data. Of course, other exchanged information may be encrypted as well.

[0305] In an exemplary arrangement, the application key may be generated at the software / application level of the analyte sensor system 708 and / or display device 710. In some such arrangements, only the application key may be exchanged (i.e., without any hashes and challenges) and then used for authentication and encryption. The application key may be, for example, a randomly generated number. Alternatively, a software-generated application key may be exchanged in addition to the hash / challenge value for purposes of authentication and encryption. Encryption may occur in parallel during authentication or after authentication, or both, in various embodiments, for example as described above.

[0306] The application key can be obtained from the server system 334 in an exemplary embodiment. In some such embodiments, the storage device 334b ​​can include identification information associated with the analyte sensor system 708 (e.g., an identification number) and the application key. The display device 710 can request such information by sending a message to the server system 334, the message including at least a portion of the identification information. As an example, the display device 710 can send to the server system 334 an advertisement message including an identification number of the particular analyte sensor system 708 (which may have been received through at least partial pairing with the analyte sensor system 708). In response, the server system 334 can provide the display device 710 with the application key for the associated analyte sensor system 708. After receiving the application key, the display device 710 can use the key to authenticate / communicate with the analyte sensor system 708 and decrypt encrypted information received therefrom (and can also encrypt information sent thereto).

[0307] In some cases, the analyte sensor system 708 may include a mapping (e.g., in storage 365) that associates a particular application key with a particular display device 710 based on the identity of the analyte sensor system 708. In this manner, authentication may be based on the application key received by the display device 710 from the server system 334, and the application key may be used to encrypt / decrypt analyte data transmitted by the analyte sensor system 708. In this manner, permissions for communications (including sharing of encrypted data) between the analyte sensor 708 and a given display device 710 may be managed / established.

[0308] Alternatively or additionally, exchanging the application key can occur directly between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 using WiFi or NFC. Exchanging the application key can include sharing the application key between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 in an isolated and / or secure area (such as the user's home) to avoid eavesdropping by foreign or unknown devices. Additionally, the application key can then be encrypted with an additional key for further security. The characteristics of the key can be based on one or more of the type of data to be encrypted, the network environment, and user settings. As an example, the encryption method applied using the application key can be based on the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) 128. Alternatively or additionally, a dedicated encryption method can be used. Such encryption methods can operate on the display device 710, including in some cases on an application (e.g., application 330) operating on the display device 710.

[0309] The complexity of the encryption scheme used can be based on the level of security desired. For example, different levels of complexity can be used for different types of data. For example, a more complex encryption scheme can be used to exchange analyte data (e.g., estimated glucose values) as compared to calibration data or time synchronization data. The characteristics of the application key can also be varied for different scenarios. As an example, the length of the application key can be selected based on the amount of security desired and / or the encryption scheme or protocol being used. The encryption scheme can use a salt that can be used in connection with the exchange of hash values ​​in some cases, where the salt can be encrypted and exchanged between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710.

[0310] The application key may also be modified randomly and / or periodically, as appropriate, based on a triggered event. This may be done, for example, in response to the passage of a predetermined amount of time, a reboot of the analyte sensor system 708 or display device 710 of that subsystem, a trigger associated with another device (e.g., a rouge device) attempting to connect to the analyte sensor system 708, and / or a user input. For example, the application key may be configured to expire after a predetermined amount of time and may be refreshed or renewed thereafter. Alternatively or additionally, if the analyte sensor system 708 and / or display device 710 reboot or experience an interruption, a new application / encryption key may be generated and shared between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710. In some instances, the application key may be modified according to a key rotation scheme. Moreover, the frequency with which the application key may be modified may be varied according to a desired level of security (e.g., more frequent modifications correspond to increased levels of security).

[0311] 7A, after completion of the authentication process by operation 705c, the analyte sensor system 708 and the connected display device 710 engage in data communication at operation 705d, during which the connected display device 710 can request and receive desired information (e.g., analyte data, control information, identification information, and / or instructions) from the analyte sensor system 708. When the data communication of operation 705d is completed, the data connection can be terminated (e.g., by closing the established communication channel) at operation 715. At this point, the transceiver 360 and / or the processor 380 (or, with reference to FIG. 4, the radio 425 and the processor 420) of the analyte sensor system 708 can be shut down. This can be done, for example, by causing the transceiver 360 and / or the processor 380 (or others) to enter an LPM mode or the like, such as a sleep or stopped mode. In some embodiments, the transceiver 360 (or the radio 425) is completely powered down during the sleep mode. In another embodiment, the transceiver 360 is in a low power mode that uses only a small percentage (e.g., 1-10%) of normal current / power. In FIG. 7A, this period generally corresponds to operation 715, and is referred to as T 停止 It is expressed as:

[0312] 7B provides, by way of example, an example of an exemplary intermittent communication scheme between an analyte sensor system 708 and a display device 710 according to a method 702 for wirelessly communicating analyte data between the analyte sensor system 708 and a display device 710. As shown in FIG. 7B, the method 702 includes multiple occurrences of a communication session 720. The communication session 720 may include, for example, a plurality of communication sessions 720. 間隔 Thereafter, in various embodiments described herein, 間隔 T, which may be the same as or different from 間隔 A communication session 720' having a duration of ' results.

[0313] Thus, in a typical intermittent communication scheme between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710, the connection and authentication process described above is repeated for each subsequent data communication (e.g., T 間隔 It will be appreciated that the process may be repeated periodically (according to a time represented by x, y, y, y). For example, the process may include an exchange of up to 20 or more messages before any data (e.g., analyte values) is communicated. Additionally, the process may be restarted if a message exchange fails or if a packet is dropped. This may result in a drain on the battery of the analyte sensor system 708.

[0314] Thus, aspects of the present disclosure include an improved authentication scheme. The improved authentication scheme of the present disclosure reduces the amount of messaging exchanged between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 connected thereto, while maintaining a sufficient level of security for analyte and other data communicated between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710. In this manner, the complexity and network load associated with communications between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 may be reduced, and thus the overall reliability and power consumption associated with such communications may be improved. In general, the improved authentication scheme includes stepping through the authentication process of the communication session 720 described above (e.g., at operation 705c) using at least an application key for authentication and connection between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710, as well as for encryption of data in embodiments, and then bypassing the authentication process for subsequent connections and / or communication sessions.

[0315] 7C, a method 704 for wirelessly communicating analyte data between an analyte sensor system 708 and a display device 710 is illustrated in conjunction with an implementation of the improved authentication scheme alluded to above. The method 704 includes establishing a first connection between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710. This may occur in conjunction with a communication session 720. In this manner, establishing the first connection may include performing two-way authentication between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 (e.g., based on an exchange of information related to an application key, e.g., at operation 705c).

[0316] The method 704 also includes establishing a second connection between the analyte sensor system and a display device 710. As shown in FIG. 7C, in an embodiment, this may occur in conjunction with a communication session 725. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 7C, the communication session 725 may include a T 間隔 A time interval T, which may be the same as or different from 間隔 It can be carried out during the 間隔 ´ is T 起動 ´ and the stop portion can include a start portion corresponding to T 停止 ´ corresponds to T 起動 During this, the communication session 725 may include operation 735 and its suboperations.

[0317] It should be noted here that establishing a second connection in the communication session 725 need not include an authentication process that may be included in the communication session 720 (e.g., at operation 705c). Rather, advertisement and connection may occur at operations 735a and 735b, and upon establishing the second connection in this manner, the method 704 includes a data transmission at operation 735d. More specifically, at operation 735d, the analyte sensor system 708 may transmit encrypted analyte values ​​and other data to the display device 710, for example, in response to a request for data sent by the display device 710. The encrypted analyte values ​​may have been encrypted using an application key used for authentication in the authentication process of the communication session 720 and / or may include the use of an encryption key. Encrypting the transmission using an application key may maintain privacy / security even in the absence of an authentication procedure typically occurring during the communication session 725. In other words, the authentication process described above, including two-way authentication, may be bypassed in the communication session 725. In this manner, the number of messages exchanged (and thus power consumption) in establishing the second connection may be reduced. Moreover, the application key may also be used to decrypt encrypted data exchanged between the analyte sensor 708 and the display device 710. For example, during operation 735d, the display device 710 may decrypt encrypted data received from the analyte sensor 708 (e.g., encrypted analyte data, which may include encrypted glucose data), and vice versa.

[0318] Once the data communication is complete at operation 735d, the data connection may be terminated at operation 745. At this point, the transceiver 360 and / or processor 380 (or, with reference to FIG. 4, the radio 425 and processor 420) of the analyte sensor system 708 may be shut down. In FIG. 7C, this period generally corresponds to operation 745 and is designated T 停止 ´

[0319] 12A, exemplary implementations of various method features are illustrated, such as methods 704, 706, 712, 714, 716, 718, 722, 724, and 726. One such exemplary implementation includes aspects of a method 1200 for wirelessly communicating analyte data. As shown in FIG. 12A, at operation 1205A, the method 1200 includes establishing a first connection during a first interval. For example, the first connection can be established between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710. Operation 1205A can correspond, in instances, to operations 705a and / or 705b, or the like, with reference to FIG. 7A. During the first connection, at operation 1205B, the method 1200 includes exchanging authentication-related information between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710. Operation 1205B can correspond, in an example, to operation 705c, or the like. At act 1205C, the method 1200 includes determining whether authentication occurred during the first interval.

[0320] 12B, method 1202a illustrates an example embodiment of a two-way authentication procedure. Additionally, method 1202a illustrates an example implementation of operation 1205B in which authentication-related information is exchanged as part of the two-way authentication. At operation 1210A, method 1202a includes analyte sensor system 708 transmitting a first value to display device 710. The first value may be, for example, a random or predetermined value, and may be referred to in some cases as a challenge value. Operation 1210B includes display device 710 generating a second value from the first value and an application key. For example, the second value may be a hash of the first value and the application key. At operation 1210C, display device 710 transmits the second value and a third value to analyte sensor system 708. The third value may be, for example, a random or predetermined value, and may be referred to in some cases as a challenge value. At act 1210D, the method 1202a includes the analyte sensor system 708 verifying the second value. Act 1210E involves the analyte sensor system 708 generating a fourth value using the third value. For example, the third value may be hashed with an application key to generate the fourth value. Act 1210F includes transmitting the fourth value to the display device 710 for verification. At act 1210G, the display device 710 verifies the fourth value to establish or complete bilateral authentication. Note that while the operations of the method 1202a are described herein with respect to the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 performing various tasks, the roles of the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 may be reversed without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0321] 12C, method 1202b illustrates an example embodiment of a one-way authentication procedure. In that regard, method 1202b illustrates an example implementation of act 1205B, where authentication-related information is exchanged as part of the one-way authentication. At act 1215A, method 1202b includes analyte sensor system 708 receiving a first value from display device 710. The first value may be, for example, a random or predetermined value, and may be referred to in some instances as a challenge value. Act 1215B includes analyte sensor system 708 generating a second value from the first value and an application key. For example, the second value may be a hash of the first value and the application key. At act 1215C, analyte sensor system 708 transmits the second value to display device 710. At operation 1215D, the method 1202a includes the analyte sensor system 708 verifying the second value to establish or complete the one-way authentication. Note that, although the operations of the method 1202b are described herein with respect to the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 performing various tasks, the roles of the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 may be reversed without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0322] 12A, at act 1205D, the method 1200 may include establishing a second connection between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 during the second interval. Act 1205D may correspond to act 735b or the like with reference to FIG. 7C in an example. At act 1205E, the method 1200 may include bypassing exchanging information related to authentication performed during the first connection. At act 1205F, an embodiment of the method 1200 includes encrypting the analyte value using an application key to generate an encrypted analyte value. At act 1205H, the method 1200 includes the analyte sensor system 708 transmitting the encrypted analyte value to the display device 710 if the determination of act 1205C indicates that authentication occurred during the first interval. Act 1205H may correspond to act 735d with reference to FIG. 7C. At act 1205J, an embodiment of method 1200 includes modifying the application key. As an example, act 1205J may be performed in response to one or more of the following: the passage of a predetermined amount of time, a reboot of analyte sensor system 708 or display device 710, a trigger associated with another device attempting to connect to sensor system 708, and user input (e.g., received via GUI 340).

[0323] 7D illustrates an example implementation of a method 706 for wirelessly communicating analyte data between an analyte sensor system 708 and a display device 710 in conjunction with an implementation of the improved authentication scheme discussed above. As shown in FIG. 7D, the method 706 includes a communication session 720. The communication session 720 includes a 間隔 Thereafter, in various embodiments described herein, 間隔 T, which may be the same as or different from 間隔 Then, in various embodiments described herein, an instance of a communication session 725 occurs having a time length of T 間隔 ´ may be the same as or different from T 間隔An instance of a communication session 725' occurs having a time length of ' '. The communication session 725' may be substantially similar to the communication 725, except having a potentially different interval length.

[0324] By following the communication session 720 with one or more instances of communication 725, 725', etc., the overall number of messages exchanged during the communication of analyte data (and therefore power consumption) can be reduced. However, it will now be noted that in some cases, the method 706 may include returning to the communication session 720 after performing the communication session 725, 725', etc. for one or more connections. This may be done adaptively or based on user input, and may also be done for security purposes based on network conditions or triggered events (e.g., a connection attempt by a risky device). In other words, returning to the communication session 720 from time to time to exchange information regarding, for example, new / modified application keys, as discussed above, may enable enhanced security.

[0325] 7E, a method 712 for wirelessly communicating analyte data between an analyte sensor system 708 and a display device 710 is illustrated in connection with the implementation of the improved authentication scheme alluded to above. The method 712 includes establishing a first connection between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710. This includes establishing a first connection between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710. 間隔 7. Establishing the first connection may occur in association with a communication session 720 corresponding to the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710. In this manner, establishing the first connection may include performing two-way authentication between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710.

[0326] The method 704 also includes 間隔 A time interval T, which may be the same as or different from 間隔 The communication session 740 may be performed during the 間隔 ´ is T 起動´ and the stop portion can include a start portion corresponding to T 停止 ´ corresponds to T 起動 During this period, the communication session 740 may include operation 765 and its suboperations.

[0327] It should be noted here that the communication session 740 may not include establishing a second connection between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710. For example, the communication session 740 does not include the data connection aspect of operation 735b shown in FIG. 7C in connection with the communication session 725, as illustrated. The communication session 740 also does not include an authentication process that may be included in the communication session 720 (e.g., at operation 705c), as illustrated. Rather, at operation 765a, the method 712 includes sending one or more advertisement messages to the display device 710.

[0328] Thus, as part of the communication session 740, the analyte sensor system 708 may transmit (e.g., during operation 765a) a first advertisement message. The first advertisement message may include at least a first portion of the analyte value. The analyte value may not need to be encrypted (e.g., with an application key) prior to transmission. In other words, with respect to the communication session 740, the analyte sensor system 708 may use one or more advertisement messages to transmit encrypted or unencrypted analyte values ​​or analyte data, and / or other signaling (e.g., timing and control information, for example), in addition to other information typically included in advertisement messages.

[0329] In some cases, as described in further detail with reference to FIG. 8, for example, the advertisement message may take the form of a packet. As an example, the analyte value (whether encrypted or not) may be included in a reserved field in the advertisement message packet. Specifically, in some cases, a manufacturing data or other slot in the packet may include one or more bytes of a reserved field. This reserved field is one example of how analyte data or other forms of payload may be included in the advertisement message. As alluded to above, in addition to or instead of the analyte value, the advertisement message may also include a timestamp associated with the analyte value.

[0330] However, in some example implementations, there may be a shortage of space in the advertisement message / packet for both the analyte value and the associated timestamp. In some such cases, the method 712 may include splitting the payload, which may include the (encrypted) analyte value and associated data, into multiple parts. The first advertisement message may then indicate that the second advertisement message includes a second part of the analyte value and / or associated data. The first advertisement may be so indicated by tagging the first part of the payload, with the tag representing that the display device 710 receives an advertisement message in which a subsequent advertisement message may include the second part of the payload.

[0331] The tagging of the first portion of the payload, as discussed above, can take a variety of forms. For example, a relatively simple tag can indicate only that a subsequent advertisement message includes the second portion of the payload. A relatively complex tag can additionally indicate the type of content included in the second portion of the payload, or how the payload is split or distributed among the advertisement messages. The first portion can include, for example, an encrypted analyte value, and the applied tag can indicate that the subsequent advertisement message includes an associated timestamp.

[0332] In other words, during operation 765a, an advertisement message may be transmitted for the purpose of communicating analyte data to the display device 710 in accordance with the communication session 740. By encrypting the payload using the application key, privacy / security may be maintained even in the absence of an authentication procedure typically occurring during the communication session 740. In other words, the authentication process described above, including two-way authentication, may be bypassed in the communication session 740. Similarly, because the payload is included in the advertisement message, the data connection request and data transmission process (e.g., operations 735b and 735d, respectively) may also be bypassed or avoided. In this manner, the number of messages exchanged in accordance with the communication session 740 (and therefore power consumption) may be reduced as compared to other communication sessions.

[0333] Returning to FIG. 7E, the communication session 740 may also include the display device 710 receiving an acknowledgment of the advertisement message(s) sent during operation 765a by sending an acknowledgement (ACK) message at operation 765b. In some cases, this acknowledgment may trigger a data connection process between the analyte sensor system 708 and the acknowledging display device 710. For example, the analyte sensor system 708 may then send an ACK to the display device 710, thus forming a connection. The data connection process established in connection with operation 765b may be used, in an exemplary arrangement, to refresh application and / or encryption key(s) and / or to exchange other data, such as calibration data, timing information, and the like. Once the communication is completed at operation 765, the data transmission may be terminated at operation 775. At this point, the transceiver 360 and / or processor 380 (or, with reference to FIG. 4, the radio 425 and processor 420) of the analyte sensor system 708 may be shut down. In FIG. 7E, this period generally corresponds to operation 775. 停止 ´

[0334] 12A, an embodiment of method 1200 includes, at act 1205G, determining a number of advertisement messages to use to transmit the encrypted analyte value. For example, act 1205G may be used in conjunction with method 712, with reference to FIG. 7E. As discussed above, act 1205H of method 1200 includes the analyte sensor system 708 transmitting the encrypted analyte value to the display device 710 (e.g., as part of an advertisement message) if the determination of act 1205C indicates that authentication occurred during the first interval. Act 1205H may correspond to act 765a, with reference to FIG. 7E. However, in some cases, the transmission is not conditioned on an indication that authentication previously occurred.

[0335] 7F illustrates an example implementation of a method 714 for wirelessly communicating analyte data between an analyte sensor system 708 and a display device 710 in conjunction with an implementation of the improved authentication scheme discussed above. As shown in FIG. 7F, the method 714 includes a communication session 720. The communication session 720 includes a 間隔 Thereafter, in various embodiments described herein, 間隔 T, which may be the same as or different from 間隔 Then, in various embodiments described herein, an instance of a communication session 740 occurs having a time length of T 間隔 ´ may be the same as or different from T 間隔 An instance of communication session 740' occurs having a time length of ' '. Communication session 725' may be substantially similar to communication 725, except having a potentially different interval length.

[0336] By following the communication session 720 with one or more instances of communication sessions 740, 740', etc., the overall number of messages exchanged during the communication of analyte data (and therefore power consumption) can be reduced. However, it should be noted here that in some cases, the method 714 may include returning to the communication session 720 after performing the communication sessions 740, 740', etc. for one or more connections. This may be done adaptively or based on user input, and may also be done for security purposes based on network conditions or triggered events (e.g., a connection attempt by a risky device). In other words, returning to the communication session 720 from time to time may enable enhanced security.

[0337] FIG. 7G illustrates an exemplary implementation of a method 716 for wirelessly communicating analyte data between an analyte sensor system 708 and a display device 710 in conjunction with an implementation of the improved authentication scheme discussed above. As shown in FIG. 7G, the method 716 includes a communication session 760. In an exemplary arrangement of the method 716, the communication session 760 includes an exchange of information related to pairing, application keys, and timing parameters associated with potential communication between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 using a first wireless protocol. However, such exchanges can be streamlined using a particular type of wireless protocol. As an example, the first wireless protocol can be WiFi or Near Field Communication (NFC). In other examples, the first wireless protocol can utilize RFID, another proximity-based wireless connection, or the like.

[0338] In this manner, authentication as may occur using BLE (e.g., see FIG. 7A and in accordance with operation 705c), along with the typically associated exchange of numerous messages, may be bypassed. By way of example, NFC may be used between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 to exchange information such as pairing, encryption information (e.g., application key information and / or scheme), advertising parameters (e.g., including frequency / duration, duration, timing, and / or nature of advertisement), connection interval information, and information related to the display device 710 (e.g., display device type, preferences, etc.). The exchanged information may then be used by the display device 710 to receive and decrypt (if applicable) analyte values ​​transmitted by the analyte sensor system 708. In this manner, using NFC to exchange authentication-related information may extend the battery life of the analyte sensor system 708 and may increase the reliability of communications between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710.

[0339] As shown in FIG. 7G, after exchanging information using a communication session 760, 間隔 A communication session 740 occurs having a time length of T. In some arrangements, the communication session 740, including, for example, establishing a connection and transmitting an analyte value, may be performed using a second wireless protocol that is different from the first wireless protocol used in connection with the communication session 760. The second wireless protocol may be, for example, Bluetooth® Low Energy (BLE). In various embodiments described herein, T 間隔 T, which may be the same as or different from 間隔 Then, in various embodiments described herein, a communication session 740 having a time length of T 間隔 T, which may be the same as or different from 間隔 An instance of a communication session 740' having a duration of '' may occur.

[0340] Referring now to FIG. 12D, an exemplary implementation of various method features such as methods 704, 706, 712, 714, 716, 718, 722, 724, and 726 is illustrated. One such exemplary implementation includes aspects of method 1204 for wirelessly communicating analyte data. As shown in FIG. 12D, at operation 1220A, method 1204 includes performing an exchange of information related to authentication information using a first wireless protocol. The exchange of information may occur between analyte sensor system 708 and display device 710 during a first interval. Operation 1220A may not include one-way or two-way authentication, as described above in connection with FIGS. 7A, 12A, 12B, and 12C. Rather, as noted above, authentication may be bypassed, such as may occur using BLE (e.g., with reference to FIG. 7A and in accordance with operation 705c). As an example, an embodiment of method 1204 includes display device 710 receiving an application key and / or other information related to authentication from a server (e.g., server system 334). At act 1220C, method 1204 includes encrypting the analyte value using the authentication-related information exchanged at act 1220A to generate an encrypted analyte value. At act 1220D, method 1204 includes bypassing the exchange of authentication-related information (e.g., as described above in connection with act 705c). At act 1220E, method 1204 includes transmitting the encrypted analyte value to display device 710 using the second wireless protocol.

[0341] With further reference to FIG. 7G, by following the use of communication session 760 prior to one or more instances of communication session 740, 740′, etc., the overall number of messages exchanged (and therefore power consumption) to communicate analyte data can be reduced, particularly with respect to the authentication process and exchange of pairing information and pairing the like described above. However, it should be noted here that in some cases, method 716 may include returning to communication session 760 after performing communication session 740, 740′, etc. for one or more connections. This may be done adaptively or based on user input, and may also be done for security purposes based on network conditions or triggered events (e.g., a connection attempt by a risky device). In other words, returning to communication session 760 from time to time may enable enhanced security.

[0342] 7H illustrates an example implementation of a method 718 for wirelessly communicating analyte data between an analyte sensor system 708 and a display device 710 in conjunction with an implementation of the improved authentication scheme discussed above. In some respects, method 718 is substantially similar to method 716. One difference is that after performing communication session 760, method 718 includes performing communication session 725 rather than communication session 740. This is then followed in various embodiments described herein by T 間隔 T, which may be the same as or different from 間隔 An instance of communication session 725' having a duration of ' ' may occur. However, it will be appreciated that the various communication sessions described above (e.g., 720, 725, 740, 760) may be mixed and matched in accordance with the methods described above.

[0343] G. Connection Model Aspects of the present disclosure also include various connected models for communicating between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710. One connection model of communication can be referred to as a connect / disconnect or intermittent / periodic connection model. According to a connect / disconnect scheme, communication between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 can be periodic or intermittent in nature, followed by a defined or event-based / asynchronous schedule. For example, the display device 710 can periodically (e.g., once every five minutes) establish a connection with the analyte sensor system 708 to receive analyte and other data from the analyte sensor system 708 and / or transmit data.

[0344] However, even if the display device 710 successfully connects to the analyte sensor system 708, the analyte sensor system 708 may not have data ready to transfer. In one such instance, the time between successive receipt of data by the display device 710 may be long. The present disclosure additionally includes a connection model that can reduce the latency between the collection of analyte data of the analyte sensor system 708 and the transmission of such data to the display device 710 connected thereto, while maintaining a sufficiently low power consumption for the analyte sensor system. One example of such a connected model can be referred to as a connected model or an always-on model. At a high level, the connected model can include an initial pairing between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710, after which the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 remain connected and do not essentially close or disconnect the connection. That is, connections and exchange of data are not made periodically or intermittently, as in the connect / disconnect scheme (e.g., as discussed with reference to FIGS. 7A-7B), but instead, connected devices periodically exchange messaging to maintain the connection. As data becomes available to the analyte sensor system 708 (e.g., collected by the sensor 405 and / or processed by the processor 420), it can be transmitted to the display device 710 in near real-time. In this manner, the overall accuracy and responsiveness of communications related to analyte data is increased. An additional advantage associated with the connected model is that it can enable the analyte sensor system 708 to better mitigate interference caused by undesired devices (e.g., in some cases, undesired display device 710) attempting to connect with the analyte sensor system 708.

[0345] In this regard, FIG. 7J illustrates an example implementation of a method 722 for wirelessly communicating analyte data between an analyte sensor system 708 and a display device 710, as illustrated in connection with the connected model implementation alluded to above. The method 722 includes establishing a first connection between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710, for example, using a communication session 720 or 760. 間隔 Thus, the analyte sensor system 708 can be connected to the display device 710 so that authentication and exchange of, for example, application key information, timing information, pairing information, etc. can occur.

[0346] Thereafter, a communication session 780 may be initiated in connection with method 722. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 7J, the communication session 780 may include operation 795 and its suboperations. At operation 795a, the analyte sensor system 708 periodically exchanges messaging with the display device 710 to maintain a connection therewith. For example, such messages may be transmitted to / from the analyte sensor system 708 simply indicating that the transmitting device is still connected to the receiving device (e.g., a "ping"). This may be done periodically according to a predetermined period of time (e.g., once every two seconds or any amount of time). This period may, in some cases, vary according to criteria such as network parameters or conditions, the type or characteristics of the display device 710 connected to the analyte sensor system 708, the frequency with which data is being transmitted or generated / collected by the analyte sensor system 708, and so forth.

[0347] Through the periodic exchange of messaging, a connection between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 can be maintained, thus allowing for a near real-time exchange of collected analyte data. In this regard, the method 722 includes the analyte sensor system 708 transmitting the analyte data to the display device 710 when the analyte data is available for transmission, at operation 795c. In an embodiment, the combination of the periodic exchange of messaging (operation 795a) and transmitting the analyte data to the display device 710 (operation 795c) when the analyte data is available for transmission is performed in response to an indication of a usage preference associated with the display device 710. The usage preference can be communicated to / from the analyte sensor system 708, at operation 795b. For example, in one situation, a user of the display device 710 can indicate that a connected model is preferred over a connected / disconnected model, or vice versa. In an example implementation, operation 795c includes transmitting an advertisement message including the analyte data, for example, as described above in connection with operation 765a of FIG. 7E. In these and other matters, the method 722 may include, at operation 795b, modifying a connection between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710.

[0348] For example, if a user has a preference for a first display device 710 (e.g., a smartphone) and thus, for example, is the only display device 710 that the user will use to acquire analyte data, the analyte sensor system 708 may operate in a connected mode in accordance with the communication session 780 after connecting to the preferred display device 710. The user's preference may be manually indicated by the user or may be derived from data related to the use of the first display device 710 as well as other devices, for example, as described in detail herein. Deriving the user's preference may be based on data related to, for example, date and time, location, wireless link conditions, packet loss rate, and network parameters. In some embodiments, a prioritization scheme may be configured for multiple display devices 710. To implement a priority scheme for a particular display device 710, the communication session 780 may be used for that particular display device 710. In some cases, a connected model may be used to reduce packet loss, for example, if packet loss increases above a threshold. In some cases, the connected model or the connected / disconnected model can serve as a default mode and a corresponding communication session (e.g., 720, 725, 740, 780) can be used. The default mode can be selectable, for example, according to user input or adaptively based on various parameters described above.

[0349] To illustrate, the analyte sensor system 708 and the first display device 710 can communicate analyte data using a connect / disconnect model as described above. In this scenario, the first display device 710 can be, for example, a smartphone of the user. The analyte sensor system 708 can also communicate analyte data according to the connect / disconnect model with a second display device 710, which can be, for example, a medical device (e.g., an insulin pump, medical device 136, or the like) or a dedicated display device (e.g., a device designed specifically to communicate analyte data, such as display device 110, see FIG. 1A). The user can then provide an indication, for example, via GUI 740, that the user will only be using the smartphone and not the medical device. As noted above, this can be done via GUI 340 provided on the smartphone in association with an application, such as application 330, that may be related to the communication of analyte data. For example, referring to FIG. 3E, a user may select one of options 316e to indicate that display device 710 is preferred or not preferred and that it should or should not be dedicated to transmitting analyte data.

[0350] The smartphone (or other type of display device 710), in this example, can then transmit the user's instructions to the analyte sensor system 708, which upon receiving the instructions can begin operating under the connected model in accordance with the communication session 780. With reference to FIG. 7J, the user's instructions can be transmitted in the form of a request message from the display device 710 to the analyte sensor system 708 at operation 795b. While other display devices 710 (including, for example, medical devices such as medical device 136) can listen to (i.e., receive messages from) the analyte sensor system 708, only the preferred display device 710, in this example a smartphone, operates under the connected model and is thus exchanging analyte data in near real-time.

[0351] Operation 795b may also be used to send an ACK message to the analyte sensor system 708 indicating that one or more messages exchanged during operation 795a have been received. Similarly, the display device 710 may send a negative ACK (or NACK) in connection with operation 795b if such a message is expected but not received. Further with respect to operation 795b, a request, or user instruction, etc., may be ACKed or NACKed by the analyte sensor system 708. Alternatively or additionally, the analyte sensor system may respond to a request from the display device 710 with a request (e.g., offering a counterproposal) in accordance with operation 795b.

[0352] As an example, in conjunction with other usage preference contexts, operation 795a may include the display device 710 transmitting a request to modify a duration or other aspect thereof of a messaging exchange that may occur during operation 795a. In some scenarios, the display device 710 may request an increase / decrease in the duration and / or range of the messaging exchange. The analyte sensor system 708 may then reject or accept the request via an ACK / NACK response. Alternatively or additionally, the analyte sensor system 708 may respond with a counter-proposal proposal including, for example, using a different duration and / or a subset within the requested range of durations for the messaging exchange in operation 795a.

[0353] The combination of periodically exchanging messaging and transmitting analyte data to the display device as analyte data becomes available for transmission is adaptively performed in accordance with communication session 780. For example, depending on the time of day, it may be advantageous for some users and / or display device 710 to operate under a connected model in accordance with communication session 780 (e.g., as opposed to another form of communication session described herein). Particular users may experience more severe glucose excursions during particular times of day. Glucose excursions may, for example, be more rapid and / or greater in magnitude at particular times. In some cases, such excursions may not be ideally handled by analyte sensor system 708 operating under a connected / disconnected model in accordance with communication sessions 720, 725, and / or 740, for example, because analyte values ​​are not necessarily exchanged in a near real-time manner. Thus, during times when glucose excursions are typically severe, analyte sensor system 708 and / or display device 710 may begin operating under a connected model in accordance with communication session 780. 7C and 7J, as an example, this can be done by performing operation 795b in conjunction with operation 735. In this manner, the connection model used can be adaptively toggled / switched.

[0354] In another example, network parameters, network conditions, wireless link quality, the number of display devices 710 attempting to connect to or communicating with the analyte sensor system 708, and / or a prioritization scheme (e.g., determined by a user or otherwise) can serve as a basis for operating under the connected model (communication session 780) based on adaptability. A degradation in network parameters or conditions and / or in wireless link quality may result in packet loss. Such packet loss may be more critical for the exchange of analyte data under the connected / disconnected model, as alluded to above, since data is typically exchanged less frequently than in the connected model. Thus, to mitigate a deterioration in network parameters or conditions and / or wireless link quality, the analyte sensor system 708 and display device 710 may begin operating under the connected model in accordance with the communication session 780 (e.g., via operation 795b) when such a degradation is detected. As noted above, the display device 710 may monitor network parameters, network conditions, and / or wireless link quality. These measurements can then be compared to thresholds, such that switching of operational modes (eg, between various communication sessions) can be adaptively performed in response to exceeding the thresholds.

[0355] The adaptation of the operating mode / connection model with respect to the number of devices attempting to connect to or communicating with the analyte sensor system 708 can be described as follows: Multiple display devices 710 may be within range from the analyte sensor system 708, and attempting to connect thereto may result in interference, thus increasing packet loss and / or power consumption. To avoid such packet loss and increased power consumption, the analyte sensor system 708 may start operating under a connected model with a preferred display device 710, even if multiple display devices 710 are attempting to connect.

[0356] This can be done by the analyte sensor system 708 maintaining a count of the number of display devices 710 attempting to connect thereto, and signaling the preferred display device 710 to enter operation under the connected model if the count exceeds a threshold. Such signaling can be implemented, for example, similar to operation 795b, but can be used as part of operation 735 (with reference to FIG. 7C), as alluded to above, or can be included in an advertisement message, for example, as part of operation 765a, or in an ACK message, for example, as part of operation 765b (with reference to FIG. 7E). Alternatively or additionally, packet loss can be monitored (e.g., at the display device 710 and / or the analyte sensor system 708). Furthermore, such a source of packet loss can be determined or approximated, for example, at the display device 710 and / or the analyte sensor system. If the source of packet loss is determined to be interference (e.g., due to multiple display devices 710 attempting to connect to the analyte sensor system 708), operation under the connected model can be initiated.

[0357] Here, the preferred display device 710 may also be determined simultaneously or near simultaneously, may be determined on the fly, and may be determined without user intervention. For example, the preferred display device 710 may be determined based on frequency of use, a previously determined prioritization scheme, connection or wireless link quality (e.g., based on signal power, channel loss, bit error rate, RTT, RSSI, etc.), time of day, etc. Alternatively or additionally, the user may query regarding the preferred display device 710 via the GUI 740, for example, as part of an application 330 running on the display device 710.

[0358] A number of techniques may be used with regard to terminating a connection established and maintained pursuant to communication session 780. As noted above, operation 795a may include an exchange of messaging according to a time period. Such messages may be considered "ping" messages.

[0359] Such a sequential exchange of messaging may include a first message and a second message that is transmitted sequentially with respect to the first message, a third, fourth, and fifth message, etc. The first such message may be configured to include a messaging interval that indicates when the next message in the sequence will be transmitted to the display device 710, or in other words, a scheduled amount of time between the sequential exchange of the first and second messages.

[0360] This messaging interval may be varied between messages exchanged at operation 795a. If the display device 710 does not receive the second message within the expected messaging interval, the connection between the display device 710 and the analyte sensor system 708 may be terminated. In another case, the connection may be terminated if the proposed messaging time interval is negatively acknowledged or otherwise rejected, e.g., at operation 795b. That is, if the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 do not agree on the messaging interval time, the connection may be closed. An ACK / NACK may also be sent, e.g., at operation 795, following each ping message (e.g., multiplexed ACK / NACKs) or following a predetermined or adaptively varied number of such messages (e.g., accompanying ACK / NACKs). Thus, aspects of operation 795b may be interwoven with the messaging exchange at operation 795a.

[0361] In an embodiment, the messages exchanged in operation 795a may include a timeout value. Supervisory timeouts and related techniques may also be used with respect to the messaging exchange period. For example, if at the end of the timeout value, the second message has not been received, the method 722 may include terminating the connection. Upon terminating the connection, the communication session 780 may be terminated. At this point, the transceiver 360 and / or processor 380 (or with reference to FIG. 4, the radio 425 and processor 420) of the analyte sensor system 708 may be shut down. In FIG. 7C, this period, which generally corresponds to operation 745, is referred to as T 停止 ´

[0362] Further with respect to communication session 780, it should be noted at this time that the various transmissions shown in communication session 780 are not necessarily limited to the direction or sequence shown. For example, operation 795a may alternatively or additionally include messaging sent from display device 710 to the analyte sensor system, including, for example, pings or other messages that may be used to maintain a connection, as well as ACK / NACK / request messages.

[0363] Further with regard to connection models, in embodiments, different connection models of the present disclosure can be used for different connected devices. With reference to FIG. 3C, for example, a communication session 780 can be used between display devices 310a and 310b, and at the same time, different communication sessions (e.g., 720, 725, 740, etc.) can be used between display devices 310a and / or 310b on the one hand and analyte sensor system 708 on the other hand. In embodiments, one of display devices 310a and 310b may not be connected to analyte sensor system 708, but can still receive analyte data via another display device 310b or 310a that is connected to analyte sensor system 708. In some cases, this can be referred to as tethering. Such configuration can be implemented using submenu 314a presented by GUI 340, for example, with reference to FIGS. 3D and 3E.

[0364] Referring now to FIG. 13A, exemplary implementations of various method features such as methods 704, 706, 712, 714, 716, 718, 722, 724, and 726 are illustrated. One such exemplary implementation includes aspects of a method 1300 for wirelessly communicating analyte data. As shown in FIG. 13A, at act 1305A, the method 1300 includes establishing a first connection for a first interval. For example, the first connection can be established between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710. The first connection can be established to exchange pairing information between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710. In some cases, the method 1300 includes performing a two-way authentication at act 1305B, for example, in the manner described above in connection with FIG. 12B. Act 1305C includes maintaining the first connection by periodically exchanging messages between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710. 7J, in an embodiment, may correspond to operation 795a, or the like. At operation 1305D, while the connection between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 is maintained, the method 1300 includes the analyte sensor system 708 transmitting the analyte data to the display device 710 when the analyte data is available for transmission. Operation 1305D, in an embodiment, may correspond to operation 795c, or the like.

[0365] In an embodiment, the method 1300 includes, at ACT 1305E, sending a request for modification of the message interval. The request can be sent from the analyte sensor system 708 to the display device 710 or vice versa. ACT 1305F includes receiving an acceptance or denial of the request for modification of the message interval. The request can be received by the analyte sensor system 708 or the display device 710 depending on the sending entity. At ACT 1305G, if the request is accepted, the method 1300 can include modifying the message interval if the request is accepted. At ACT 1305H, the method 1300 can include terminating the first connection and / or terminating the analyte sensor system 708 from periodically exchanging messages with the display device 710, such that the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 do not maintain the connection in response to the request being rejected. At operation 1305J, the method 1300 may include terminating the first connection and / or terminating the analyte sensor system 708 from periodically exchanging messages with the display device 710 if the timeout is exceeded.

[0366] 13A, the method 1300 can include establishing a second connection at ACT 1305K, the second connection being between the display device 710 and another display device 710 such that the display device 710 maintains the connection. For example, the display devices 310a and 310b can be connected as shown in FIG. 3C. While the two display devices 710 are connected to each other, at ACT 1305L, display information can be relayed (or transmitted) from the analyte sensor system 708 through the first display device 710 (which established a first connection with the analyte sensor system 708 at ACT 1305A and thus may be receiving analyte data) and the second display device 710. In this manner, the second display device 710 can be effectively tethered to the analyte sensor system 708.

[0367] 7K illustrates an example implementation of a method 724 for wirelessly communicating analyte data between an analyte sensor system 708 and a display device 710 in conjunction with implementations of the various connection models discussed above. As shown in FIG. 7K, the method 724 includes a communication session 720. The communication session 720 includes a 間隔 Thereafter, an instance of a communication session 780 occurs, and the connection between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 may be maintained until the connection is closed for various potential reasons as described above. Then, in various embodiments described herein, 間隔 T, which may be the same as or different from 間隔 3E, a user may be presented with a sub-menu 314f that allows a selection of a connection model using option 316f.

[0368] Referring now to FIG. 13B, exemplary implementations of various method features such as methods 704, 706, 712, 714, 716, 718, 722, 724, and 726 are illustrated. One such exemplary implementation includes aspects of a method 1302 for wirelessly communicating analyte data. As shown in FIG. 13B, at act 1310A, the method 1302 includes establishing a first connection between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710. The first connection can be established to exchange pairing information between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710. At act 1310B, the method 1302 includes operating in a first mode. At act 1310C, the method 1302 includes operating in a second mode. At act 1310D, the method 1302 optionally includes switching between operating in the first mode and operating in the second mode of operation.

[0369] FIG 13C illustrates method 1304 and includes further details regarding operations 1310B and 1310C described above with reference to FIG 13B. As shown in FIG 13C, operation 1310B includes periodically exchanging messages between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 to maintain a connection between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 at operation 1315A. Operation 1315A may correspond to operation 795a or the like in an embodiment with reference to FIG 7J. Operation 1315B includes the analyte sensor system 708 transmitting the analyte data to the display device 710 when the data is available for transmission. Operation 1315C may correspond to operation 795c or the like in an embodiment with reference to FIG 7J. Operation 1310C includes periodically establishing a second connection between the analyte sensor system 708 and the display device 710 at operation 1315C. After the second connection is established at act 1315D, act 1310C includes transmitting the analyte data to the display device 710. Act 1315C may correspond to act 735d, or the like, in an embodiment, with reference to FIG.

[0370] 7K, in some cases, aspects operating in a first mode in accordance with operation 1310B may correspond to communication 780, while aspects operating in a second mode may correspond to communication session 720 and / or 725, etc. By following communication session 720 with one or more instances of communication session 780, 725 and / or other communication sessions described herein, or the like, the overall number of messages exchanged (and thus power consumption) during communication of analyte data may be reduced. Thus, method 724 provides a highly flexible and adaptable technique for communicating analyte data.

[0371] H. Timing and Structure of Advertisements Additional aspects include the order and manner in which various devices (e.g., display device 710) are connected to the analyte sensor system (e.g., analyte sensor system 708), which may depend on the order, timing, structure, and manner of advertisement messages transmitted to such display device 710 devices. Reference is made herein to the numerals 708 and 710, however, as one of ordinary skill in the art would understand upon studying this disclosure, it will be appreciated that the description may apply to any of the analyte sensor systems and / or display devices described herein. One potential scheme for ordering connections for various devices may be described as follows:

[0372] The analyte sensor system 708 advertises and connects to display devices 710 that are available for connection, i.e., within range. This can be done, for example, by transmitting an advertisement message. See operation 705a shown in FIG. 7A as an example. On the display device side, a display device 710 seeking to connect to the analyte sensor system 708 can typically scan for connections to the analyte sensor system 708 or another similar sensor system. This generally involves receiving and processing advertisement messages being broadcast by the analyte sensor system 708, etc., to determine whether any such messages are being transmitted by a compatible / desired analyte sensor system 708.

[0373] The display device 710 can then respond to the advertisement message by sending a connection request back to the analyte sensor system 708. See operation 705b shown in FIG. 7A as an example. Upon receiving the connection request, the analyte sensor system 708 can accept, reject, or simply ignore the request. Typically, the analyte sensor system 708 only provides one display device 710 connection at a time. Thus, one reason for rejecting or ignoring a connection request is that the analyte sensor system 708 is already connected to the display device 710. If there is no reason to reject or ignore the connection request, the analyte sensor system 708 can accept the request and connect to the display device 710 that sent the request. For example, operation 705b shows the analyte sensor system 708 accepting the request by sending signaling to the display device 710 indicating that the connection has been granted.

[0374] Once connected, the display device 710 and the analyte sensor system 708 can exchange messaging, including the analyte sensor system 708 transmitting analyte data to the display device 710. See, for example, operation 705d shown in FIG. 7A. In an embodiment, the analyte sensor system 708 can implement and / or have a timeout implemented to prevent the display device 710 from remaining connected to the analyte sensor system 708 longer than expected or desired. That is, for example, there can be a predefined limit set on the duration of the connection, at the end of which the connection to the analyte sensor system 708 can be terminated. See, for example, operation 715 shown in FIG. 7A. This can allow other display devices 710 to connect or attempt to connect to the analyte sensor system 708. The analyte sensor system 708 can maintain a list of display devices 710 that have recently connected to the analyte sensor system 708. In some instances, this can be known as a whitelist. The analyte sensor system 708 can use this list to allow only display devices that are on the list (ie, that have recently connected) to connect to the analyte sensor system 708 .

[0375] FIG. 9A is a timing diagram illustrating an example of transmitting advertisement messages according to the present disclosure. More specifically, FIG. 9A provides an example embodiment of an advertisement duration structure 935 that can be used in connection with pairing or connecting the analyte sensor system 708 to the display device 710 and / or the analyte display device 110. In connection with the above, and in accordance with an embodiment of the advertisement duration structure 935, the advertisement message 920 can be transmitted according to a time interval that occurs periodically based on a schedule. This may be known in some instances as an advertisement window interval 905. The recurring period of this occurrence of this interval can be any time, but one specific example is 5 minutes. Nevertheless, the advertisement window interval can be configured or set to vary depending on the nature of the operation of the analyte sensor system 708 with respect to collecting and processing analyte data. Thus, every 5 minutes (in this example), there will be a time window during which advertisement messages are transmitted. The time window of an advertisement message is the duration during which the advertisement message may actually be transmitted. This may also be known in some instances as advertisement duration 910. By way of example, this window may range from 7 to 22 seconds. However, it will be recognized by those of skill in the art upon studying this disclosure that the advertisement duration window may range from 0 to any suitable amount of time. Typically, the duration of the window is less than the advertisement window interval 905.

[0376] During the advertisement duration window 910, the advertisement messages 920 may be transmitted periodically, in some cases but not necessarily, according to an advertisement message interval 915. The advertisement message interval 915 may be considered as the time interval between sequential or consecutive advertisement messages 920. One specific exemplary range for the advertisement interval 915 is 20-90 milliseconds, but upon study of this disclosure, it will be recognized that the advertisement message space 915 may be longer or shorter and / or of adaptively variable or configurable length depending on the relevant circumstances. After the advertisement window interval has elapsed, transmission of the advertisement messages 920 may be resumed and the advertisement duration structure 935 may be repeated (e.g., as 935'). It should also be noted that one or more of the advertisement message interval, advertisement duration length, and advertisement window interval can be reconfigured between advertisement duration structures 935 and 935'.

[0377] For convenience of the following discussion, the display device will be referred to as display device 710, while the analyte display device will be referred to as analyte display device 110. However, it will be recognized that elsewhere herein, the term display device 710 is broad enough to encompass any display device or collection of display devices, including analyte display devices 110 and medical devices 136.

[0378] The advertisement window interval 905, advertisement duration 910, and advertisement message interval 915 mentioned above can each be varied based on various factors. For example, the values ​​of these parameters can be varied based on the type and / or number of display devices 710 present and / or based on how recently such display devices 710 have connected to the analyte sensor system 708. The values ​​of these parameters can also be varied to optimize battery life, to speed up connection times, etc. Any one of a reduced advertisement window interval 905, an increased advertisement duration 910, and a reduced advertisement message interval 915 can increase the likelihood that a particular display device 710 will successfully connect to a target analyte sensor system 708. However, typically, increased power consumption may occur at the same time.

[0379] In terms of connecting to the display devices 710 in a particular order, during a time window corresponding to the advertisement duration 910, the analyte sensor system 708 may, in some instances, first attempt to connect with the display device 710 (e.g., a smartphone) and then with the display device 110 (e.g., a dedicated device that may be designed for receiving and presenting analyte data). One potential challenge with this connection protocol is that a longer advertisement duration 910 may be required to be dedicated to connecting with the display device 710 as compared to connecting with the analyte display device 110, since the analyte display device 110 may be optimized for use with the analyte sensor system 708 in terms of the order in which they are used, e.g., to be a dedicated display device.

[0380] Furthermore, it may sometimes be difficult to connect with the display device 710. If the display device 710 is unable to connect during a time segment of the advertisement duration 910 (not shown in FIG. 9A ) specifically assigned to the display device 710, the analyte-displaying device 110 may still be able to connect thereafter by sending an advertisement message 920 during another portion or time segment within the advertisement duration 910. However, in some cases, the time segment assigned to the display device 710 within the advertisement duration 910 may be limited by another time segment dedicated to the analyte-displaying device 110, and thus it may not be possible to assign an additional time segment to connect to the display device 710. Alternatively, if additional time from the advertisement duration 910 is assigned to the display device 710, the analyte-displaying device 110 may not have enough time left available to make the connection.

[0381] Thus, aspects of the present disclosure also include configuring the order of connections of various display devices 710, including those associated with the analyte display device 110, as well as configuri...

Claims

1. 1. An analyte sensor system configured to wirelessly communicate analyte data, the analyte sensor system comprising: an analyte sensor; a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals; a processor operatively coupled to the analyte sensor and the transceiver and adapted to provide the analyte sensor system with: transmitting a first set of advertisement messages to a second display device according to a first advertisement interval during a first time segment within the advertisement duration; and transmitting a second set of advertisement messages to the analyte-displaying device according to a second advertisement interval during a second time segment within the advertisement duration; an analyte sensor system, wherein one or more of the first advertisement interval, the second advertisement interval, a length of the first time segment, a length of the second time segment, the advertisement duration, and a sequence of the first and second time segments are configurable.

2. The analyte sensor system of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to vary the sequence of the first and second time segments.

3. The analyte sensor system of claim 2 , wherein the analyte sensor system alters the sequence of the first and second time segments based on a value indicating whether the second display device is present in a list.

4. The processor controls the analyte sensor system to: obtaining values ​​of input parameters associated with the analyte indicating device; 2. The analyte sensor system of claim 1, further configured to: modify one or more of the length of the second time segment and the second advertisement interval based on the value of the input parameter.

5. The processor controls the analyte sensor system to: obtaining values ​​of input parameters associated with the second display device; 2. The analyte sensor system of claim 1, further configured to: modify one or more of the length of the first time segment and the first advertisement interval based on the value of the input parameter.

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