Battery pack and battery system

Abstract

A battery pack and battery system is provided that utilizes a pipe assembly that is coupled to the battery modules along a first side, a rear side and a second side of the casing, in turn. [Solution] In the battery system, a battery pack 12 comprises a casing 18, a pipe assembly, and first to third battery modules 20-24 arranged within the casing, and the pipe assembly comprises an input pipe 40, an output pipe set 50 connected to the second and third battery modules, a communicating pipe set 48 connected to the first battery module and connected in parallel to the second and third battery modules, a first pipe set 42 connected to the input pipe and arranged on a first side of the casing so as to connect to the first battery module, and second and third pipe sets arranged on a second side of the casing so as to connect to the second and third battery modules, respectively.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a battery pack and its battery system, and more particularly to a battery pack and its battery system utilizing a pipe assembly that is coupled to battery modules along a first side, a rear and a second side of a casing, in order. [Background technology]

[0002] The development of electric vehicles is progressing rapidly. To enhance the capability of fast charging and slow discharging, it is important to manage the heat generated during the charging and discharging process of the battery pack.

[0003] Currently, there are two kinds of conventional cooled battery packs: modular cooled battery packs and non-modular cooled battery packs. A non-modular cooled battery pack may enclose multiple cell assemblies in one large fluid tank, which may make the whole pack bulky and heavy. Therefore, it is difficult to adopt the non-modular cooled battery pack to vehicle platforms of various sizes. The modular cooled battery pack can solve the aforementioned problems of the non-modular cooled battery pack by modularizing the fluid tank (e.g., by enclosing each cell assembly in an independent fluid container to form one battery module). However, the modular cooled battery pack requires more connectors (e.g., cables, bus bars, and fluid pipes) between the battery modules, which may cause messy and exposed cable / bus bar / pipe arrangements. Furthermore, in the prior art, the fluid pipes for heat dissipation of the battery modules are usually connected in series connection, which causes non-uniform heat dissipation due to excessive flow resistance or uneven flow rate of the fluid in the fluid pipes. On the other hand, if the prior art adopts a design in which fluid pipes are linked in parallel connections, it may result in a complicated, time-consuming and laborious parallel pipeline arrangement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present disclosure provides a battery pack including a casing, a plurality of first battery modules, a plurality of second battery modules, a plurality of third battery modules, and a pipe assembly. The casing includes a first frame, a second frame, and at least one third frame arranged in order from top to bottom. The casing further includes a front cover detachably covering a front portion of the casing, the front cover having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. The plurality of first battery modules are disposed within the first frame. The plurality of second battery modules are disposed within the second frame. The plurality of third battery modules are disposed within the at least one third frame. The pipe assembly includes an input pipe, a first pipe set, a second pipe set, a third pipe set, an output pipe, and a communication pipe set. The input pipe is connected to the fluid inlet. The first pipe set is disposed on a first side of the casing. The first pipe set is connected to the input pipe and is connected in series to the plurality of first battery modules in the first frame. A second pipe set is disposed on a second side of the casing and is connected in series to a plurality of second battery modules in the second frame, the second side being opposite the first side. A third pipe set is disposed on a second side of the casing and is connected in series to a plurality of third battery modules in the third frame. An output pipe set is connected to the second battery module, the third battery module, and the fluid outlet. A communication pipe set is disposed at the rear of the casing and is connected to the first battery module and is connected in parallel to the second battery module and the third battery module.

[0005] The present disclosure further provides a battery system including a battery pack, a pump, and a thermal management module. The battery pack includes a casing, a plurality of first battery modules, a plurality of second battery modules, a plurality of third battery modules, and a pipe assembly. The casing includes a first frame, a second frame, and at least one third frame, which are arranged in order from top to bottom. The casing further includes a front cover that detachably covers a front portion of the casing, and the front cover includes a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. The plurality of first battery modules are disposed within the first frame. The plurality of second battery modules are disposed within the second frame. The plurality of third battery modules are disposed within the at least one third frame. The pipe assembly includes an input pipe, a first pipe set, a second pipe set, a third pipe set, an output pipe, and a communication pipe set. The input pipe is connected to the fluid inlet. The first pipe set is disposed on a first side of the casing. A first pipe set is coupled to the input pipes and is coupled in series to a plurality of first battery modules in the first frame. A second pipe set is disposed on a second side of the casing and is coupled in series to a plurality of second battery modules in the second frame, the second side being opposite the first side. A third pipe set is disposed on the second side of the casing and is coupled in series to a plurality of third battery modules in the third frame. An output pipe set is coupled to the second battery module, the third battery module, and a fluid outlet. A communication pipe set is disposed on the rear of the casing and is coupled to the first battery module and is coupled in parallel to the second battery module and the third battery module. A pump is coupled to the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet. A thermal management module is coupled to the pump for thermal management of the battery pack in an immersion cooling manner by controlling the pump to pump fluid to the battery pack.

[0006] These and other objectives of the present invention will no doubt become obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art after reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment that is illustrated in the various drawing figures. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Diagram 2] 2 is a view of the battery pack of FIG. 1 from a different viewing angle. [Diagram 3] 3 is a view of the battery pack of FIG. 2 from a different viewing angle. [Figure 4] 4 is a view of the battery pack of FIG. 3 from a different viewing angle. [Diagram 5] 5 is a view of the battery pack of FIG. 4 from a different viewing angle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0008] The following disclosure includes specific information regarding exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. The drawings and accompanying detailed disclosure in this disclosure are merely for exemplary embodiments. However, the present disclosure is not limited to merely these exemplary embodiments. Those skilled in the art will envision other variations and embodiments of the present disclosure. Unless otherwise indicated, similar or corresponding elements in the drawings may be indicated by similar or corresponding reference numerals. Furthermore, the drawings and illustrations in this disclosure are generally not to scale and are not intended to correspond to actual relative dimensions.

[0009] Please refer to Figures 1 and 2. Figure 1 is a diagram of a battery system 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 is a diagram of the battery pack 12 of Figure 1 from another viewing angle. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the battery system 10 is preferably applied to an electric vehicle (not shown) to supply power for driving the electric vehicle, and includes a battery pack 12, a pump 14 (simply shown in Figure 1), and a thermal management module 16 (represented in functional blocks for simplicity). In order to clearly show the internal components of the battery pack 12, all covers and some frame components of a casing 18 are omitted in Figure 2.

[0010] The battery pack 12 includes a casing 18, a plurality of first battery modules 20, a plurality of second battery modules 22, a plurality of third battery modules 24, and a pipe assembly 26. The casing 18 includes a first frame 28, a second frame 30, and at least one third frame 32 (one is shown in FIG. 2, but is not limited thereto, meaning that the number of layers of the frames depends on the actual assembly application of the battery pack 12) arranged in order from top to bottom. Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 2, at least one of the first frame 28, the second frame 30, and the third frame 32 of the casing 18 can have at least one outer protrusion 19. For example, in this embodiment, the second frame 30 and the third frame 32 can each have four outer protrusions 19 (but is not limited thereto, meaning that the number of outer protrusions 19 depends on the need for modularization of the battery system 10). The outer protrusion 19 can be connected (e.g., by a screw locking method) to at least one other battery pack 12 to form a larger battery pack assembly so as to facilitate the assembly of the battery system 10.

[0011] Furthermore, the casing 18 further has a front cover 34 that detachably covers the front part F of the casing 18, and the front cover 34 has a fluid inlet 36 and a fluid outlet 38 disposed thereon. The pump 14 is coupled to the fluid inlet 36 and the fluid outlet 38, and the thermal management module 16 can include electronic components (such as, but not limited to, a management circuit board, a flow meter, and a temperature sensor) that are applied to the thermal management of the battery pack to collect heat dissipation information of the fluid in the battery cells and the battery module. Thus, the thermal management module 16 can be coupled to the pump 14 for thermal management of the battery pack 12 in an immersion cooling manner by controlling the pump 14 to pump fluid to the battery pack 12, and the fluid is preferably an inert dielectric fluid and can provide fire extinguishing capability (but is not limited thereto, and the present disclosure means that other thermal management fluids such as mineral oil, silicone oil, ester-based oil, or processing fluid can be adopted). Regarding the thermal management design of the thermal management module 16 and the fluid cooling process of the battery system 10, relevant descriptions are commonly found in the prior art and are omitted herein for the sake of brevity.

[0012] A more detailed description of the pipe connection design of the pipe assembly 26 is provided below. Please refer to Figures 1-5. Figure 3 is a view of the battery pack 12 of Figure 2 from another viewing angle. Figure 4 is a view of the battery pack 12 of Figure 3 from another viewing angle. Figure 5 is a view of the battery pack 12 of Figure 4 from another viewing angle. Some frame components of the casing 18 are omitted in Figures 3-5 to clearly show the internal components of the battery pack 12. In this embodiment, there may preferably be two first battery modules 20 (e.g., but not limited to, arranged side by side) arranged in a first frame 28, three second battery modules 22 (e.g., but not limited to, arranged side by side) arranged in a second frame 30, and three third battery modules 24 (e.g., but not limited to, arranged side by side) arranged in a third frame 32, and the disclosure is not limited thereto, meaning that the actual number of first battery modules 20, second battery modules 22, and third battery modules 24 mounted depends on the power requirements of the battery pack 12, and the number of pipes in the pipe assembly 26 will vary accordingly.

[0013] As shown in FIGS. 1-5, the pipe assembly 26 includes an input pipe 40, a first pipe set 42, a second pipe set 44, a third pipe set 46, a communication pipe set 48, and an output pipe set 50. The input pipe 40 is connected to the fluid inlet 36. The first pipe set 42 is disposed on a first side S1 of the casing 18 and is connected in series to a plurality of first battery modules 20 in the first frame 28 (as shown in FIG. 2) to guide fluid to flow from the input pipe 40 to the plurality of first battery modules 20. The second pipe set 44 is disposed on a second side S2 of the casing 18 and is connected in series to a plurality of second battery modules 22 in the second frame 30 (as shown in FIG. 4), the second side S2 being opposite the first side S1, to guide fluid to flow to the plurality of second battery modules 22. A third pipe set 46 is disposed on the second side S2 of the casing 18 and connects in series to the multiple third battery modules 24 within the third frame 32 (as shown in FIG. 4 ) for directing fluid flow to the multiple third battery modules 24.

[0014] In this embodiment, the first pipe set 42 may include one first pipe 43 for connecting to two first battery modules 20 with an input pipe 40 and a communicating pipe set 48 to allow fluid to flow through two first battery modules in series (as shown in FIG. 2). The second pipe set 44 may include two second pipes 45 for connecting to three second battery modules 22 with a communicating pipe set 48 and an output pipe set 50 to allow fluid to flow through three second battery modules 22 in series (as shown in FIG. 4). The third pipe set 46 may include two third pipes 47 for connecting to three third battery modules 24 with a communicating pipe set 48 and an output pipe set 50 to allow fluid to flow through three third battery modules 22 in series (as shown in FIG. 4).

[0015] Further, the communication pipe set 48 is disposed at the rear part B of the casing 18, is connected to the first battery module 20, and is connected in parallel to the second battery module 22 and the third battery module 24. More specifically, in this embodiment, the communication pipe set 48 includes a first communication pipe 52, a second communication pipe 54, a third communication pipe 56, and a three-way valve 58. As shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 4, the first communication pipe 52 is connected to the first battery module 20, the second communication pipe 54 is connected to the second battery module 22, the third communication pipe 56 is connected to the third battery module 24, and the three-way valve 58 is connected to the first communication pipe 52, the second communication pipe 54, and the third communication pipe 56, respectively. In this way, the communicating pipe set 48 can direct fluid from the first communicating pipe 52 to the second communicating pipe 54 and the third communicating pipe 56 connected in parallel via the three-way valve 58 so as to maintain a constant flow rate of fluid within the second battery module 22 and the third battery module 24 to achieve a uniform heat dissipation effect.

[0016] In practical application, it may be preferable that the number of curves of the second communication pipe 54 with a short length (three curves shown in FIG. 4, but not limited thereto) is greater than the number of curves of the third communication pipe 56 with a long length (two curves shown in FIG. 4, but not limited thereto), so as to achieve a flow resistance adjustment effect to ensure that the fluids in the second communication pipe 54 and the third communication pipe 56 can flow into the second battery module 22 and the third battery module 24 at the same flow rate. Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3-FIG. 4, the third communication pipe 56 penetrates the cross beam 31 of the second frame 30 connected to the third battery module 24 to achieve a pipe management effect, so as to solve the prior art problem of messy and exposed pipes and save the space of the pipe path in the casing 18. The above-mentioned pipe passing design can also be applied to other pipes in the battery pack 12, and the related description can be inferred by analogy with FIG. 3-FIG. 4, and is omitted in this specification.

[0017] For the output configuration of the output pipe set 50, please refer to Figures 4-5. As shown in Figures 4-5, the output pipe set 50 is connected to the second battery module 22, the third battery module 24, and the fluid outlet 38 to guide the fluid to flow out from the fluid outlet 38. More specifically, in this embodiment, the output pipe set 50 includes a first output pipe 60, a second output pipe 62, a third output pipe 64, and a three-way valve 66. The first output pipe 60 is connected to the fluid outlet 38, the second output pipe 62 is connected to the second battery module 22, the third output pipe 64 is connected to the third battery module 24, and the three-way valve 66 is connected to the first output pipe 60, the second output pipe 62, and the third output pipe 64. Thus, the output pipe set 50 can guide the fluid from the second output pipe 62 and the third output pipe 64 to the first output pipe 60 through the three-way valve 66 for fluid output.

[0018] It should be noted that, in order to further ensure that the fluid flows at a constant flow rate in the second battery module 22 and the third battery module 24, the sum of the pipe lengths of the second pipe set 44 and the second output pipe 62 can preferably be equal to the sum of the pipe lengths of the third pipe set 46 and the third output pipe 64, so that the fluid flows at a constant flow rate in the second pipe set 44, the third pipe set 46 and the output pipe set 50, and achieve a uniform heat dissipation effect. Furthermore, the above-mentioned curve design and pipe passing design can also be applied to the output pipe set 50, and the related description can be deduced by analogy with Figures 3-4, and is omitted in this specification for brevity.

[0019] In summary, with the above-mentioned design in which the pipe assembly is coupled to the first battery module, the second battery module, and the third battery module in the casing along the first side, the rear, and the second side in sequence without overlapping the pipes on the same side of the casing, the present disclosure can efficiently solve the problem of messy and exposed pipe arrangement of the modular cooling battery pack mentioned above in the prior art, so as to greatly save the space of the pipe path of the battery pack.

[0020] Furthermore, the present disclosure adopts a design in which a first pipe set is connected to a first battery module in series, and a second pipe set and a third pipe set are connected to the first pipe set in parallel connection, so as to solve the prior art problems of excessive flow resistance or non-constant flow rate of fluid in the complex, time-consuming and laborious pipeline arrangement caused by all of the fluid pipes connected in series or parallel connection. In this way, the present disclosure not only improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery pack and maintains the temperature uniformity between the battery cells in the battery pack, but also simplifies the pipe configuration in the battery pack.

[0021] It should be noted that the above-mentioned routing design can also be applied to the electrical connection between the battery modules of the battery pack. For example, as shown in FIG. 1-FIG. 5, the battery pack 12 further includes a busbar connection assembly 68, and the front cover 34 further includes a positive terminal 70 and a negative terminal 72. In this embodiment, the busbar connection assembly 68 can include a positive busbar 74, a first busbar set 76, a second busbar set 78, a third busbar set 80, a negative busbar 82, and a cable set 84. The positive busbar 74 is electrically connected to the positive terminal 70. The first busbar set 76 is disposed on the first side S1 and is electrically connected in series to the positive busbar 74 and the first battery module 20. The second busbar set 78 is disposed on the second side S2 and is electrically connected in series to the second battery module 22. The third busbar set 80 is disposed on the second side S2 and is electrically connected in series to the third battery module 24. The negative bus bar 82 is electrically connected to the negative terminal 72 .

[0022] In this embodiment, the first busbar set 76 may include two first busbars 77, the second busbar set 78 may include five busbars 79, and the third busbar set 80 may include five third busbars 81 to establish a series connection of two first battery modules 20, three second battery modules 22, and three third battery modules in cooperation with the positive busbar 74, the cable set 84, and the negative busbar 82. As shown in Figures 3 and 5, the first busbars 77 in the upper position are respectively connected to the negative pole of the first battery module 20 located at the front position of the first frame 28 and the positive pole of the first battery module 20 located at the rear position of the first frame 28, and the first busbars 77 in the lower position are respectively connected to the positive pole of the first battery module 20 located at the front position of the first frame 28 and the negative pole of the first battery module 20 located at the rear position of the first frame 28. With regard to the second busbar set 78 and the series connection of the three second battery modules 22 and the third busbar set 80 and the series connection of the three third battery modules 24, the relevant explanations can be inferred by analogy with Figures 3 and 5 and are omitted here for the sake of brevity.

[0023] Further, the cable set 84 is disposed at the rear B of the casing 18. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 4, the cable set 84 includes a first cable unit 86, a second cable unit 88, and a third cable unit 90. The first cable unit 86 (preferably, but not limited to, a cable and two bus bars) is electrically connected to the first battery module 20 located at the rear position of the first frame 28 and the second battery module 22 located at the rear position of the second frame 30. The second cable unit 88 (preferably, but not limited to, a cable and two bus bars) is electrically connected to the second battery module 22 located at the rear position of the second frame 30 and the third battery module 24 located at the rear position of the third frame 32. The third cable unit 90 (preferably, but not limited to, a cable and two bus bars) is electrically connected to the third battery module 24 located at the rear position of the third frame 32 and the first battery module 20 located at the rear position of the first frame 28.

[0024] Therefore, the cable set 84 can establish a series connection between the first busbar set 76 and the second busbar set 78, a series connection between the second busbar set 78 and the third busbar set 80, and a series connection between the third busbar set 80 and the first busbar set 76, respectively. Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in Figs. 3-4, in order to achieve a cable management effect, the second cable unit 88 penetrates the cross beam 31 to be electrically connected to the third battery module 24, and the third cable unit 90 penetrates the cross beam 31 to be electrically connected to the first battery module 20. The above-mentioned cable passing design can also be applied to other cables in the battery pack 12, and the related description can be inferred by analogy with Figs. 3-4, and is omitted in this specification for brevity.

[0025] In summary, with the above-mentioned design in which the busbar connection assembly is serially coupled to the first battery module, the second battery module, and the third battery module around the casing without overlapping the busbars and cables on the same side of the casing, the present disclosure can efficiently solve the problem of messy and exposed cable / busbar arrangement of the modular cooled battery pack mentioned above in the prior art, so as to greatly save the space of the cable / busbar path of the battery pack.

[0026] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that numerous modifications and variations of the apparatus and method may be made while retaining the teachings of the present invention, and therefore the above disclosure should be construed as limited only by the metes and bounds of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A casing having a first frame, a second frame, and at least one third frame arranged in this order from top to bottom, the casing further having a front cover that detachably covers a front portion of the casing, the front cover having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet; a plurality of first battery modules disposed within the first frame; a plurality of second battery modules disposed within the second frame; a plurality of third battery modules disposed within the at least one third frame; 1. A pipe assembly comprising: an input pipe connected to the fluid inlet; a first pipe set disposed on a first side of the casing, the first pipe set being coupled to the input pipe and coupled in series to the first plurality of battery modules in the first frame; a second set of pipes disposed on a second side of the casing opposite the first side, the second set of pipes being connected in series to the second plurality of battery modules within the second frame; a third pipe set disposed on the second side of the casing and connected in series to the third plurality of battery modules within the third frame; and an output pipe set coupled to the second battery module, the third battery module, and the fluid outlet; a communication pipe set disposed at a rear portion of the casing, connected to the first battery module, and connected in parallel to the second battery module and the third battery module; a pipe assembly comprising: A battery pack comprising:

2. The communication pipe set is a first communication pipe connected to the first battery module; a second communication pipe connected to the second battery module; a third communication pipe connected to the third battery module; a three-way valve connected to the first communication pipe, the second communication pipe, and the third communication pipe; The battery pack of claim 1 .

3. The battery pack according to claim 2 , wherein the number of curves in the second communication pipe is greater than the number of curves in the third communication pipe.

4. The battery pack according to claim 2 , wherein the third communication pipe passes through a cross beam of the second frame so as to connect with the third battery module.

5. The output pipe set includes: a first output pipe connected to the fluid outlet; a second output pipe coupled to the second battery module; a third output pipe coupled to the third battery module; a three-way valve connected to the first output pipe, the second output pipe, and the third output pipe; The battery pack of claim 1 .

6. 6. The battery pack of claim 5, wherein a sum of the pipe lengths of the second pipe set and the second output pipe is equal to a sum of the pipe lengths of the third pipe set and the third output pipe.

7. 6. The battery pack according to claim 5, wherein a number of curves of the second output pipe is greater than a number of curves of the third output pipe.

8. The battery pack further includes a bus bar connection assembly, the front cover further includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal, and the bus bar connection assembly includes: A positive bus bar electrically connected to the positive terminal; a first bus bar set disposed on the first side and electrically connected in series to the positive bus bar and the plurality of first battery modules; a second bus bar set disposed on the second side and electrically connected in series to the second plurality of battery modules; a third bus bar set disposed on the second side and electrically connected in series to the third plurality of battery modules; a negative bus bar electrically connected to the negative terminal; a cable set disposed at the rear portion to respectively establish a series connection between the first bus bar set and the second bus bar set, a series connection between the second bus bar set and the third bus bar set, and a series connection between the third bus bar set and the first bus bar set; The battery pack of claim 1 .

9. The cable set, a first cable unit electrically connected to the first battery module and the second battery module; a second cable unit electrically connected to the second battery module and the third battery module; a third cable unit electrically connected to the third battery module and the first battery module; Equipped with 9. The battery pack of claim 8, wherein the second cable unit passes through a cross beam to electrically connect with the third battery module, and the third cable unit passes through a cross beam to electrically connect with the first bus bar set.

10. 2. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first frame, the second frame, and the at least one third frame has at least one outer protrusion connected to at least one other battery pack to form a battery pack assembly.

11. 1. A battery pack comprising: A casing having a first frame, a second frame, and at least one third frame arranged in this order from top to bottom, the casing further having a front cover that detachably covers a front portion of the casing, the front cover having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet; a plurality of first battery modules disposed within the first frame; a plurality of second battery modules disposed within the second frame; a plurality of third battery modules disposed within the at least one third frame; 1. A pipe assembly comprising: an input pipe connected to the fluid inlet; a first pipe set disposed on a first side of the casing, the first pipe set being coupled to the input pipe and coupled in series to the first plurality of battery modules in the first frame; a second set of pipes disposed on a second side of the casing opposite the first side, the second set of pipes being connected in series to the second plurality of battery modules within the second frame; a third pipe set disposed on the second side of the casing and connected in series to the third plurality of battery modules within the third frame; and an output pipe set coupled to the second battery module, the third battery module, and the fluid outlet; a communication pipe set disposed at a rear portion of the casing, connected to the first battery module, and connected in parallel to the second battery module and the third battery module; a pipe assembly comprising: A battery pack comprising: a pump coupled to the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet; a thermal management module coupled to the pump for thermal management of the battery pack in an immersion cooling manner by controlling the pump to pump fluid to the battery pack; A battery system comprising:

12. The communication pipe set is a first communication pipe connected to the first battery module; a second communication pipe connected to the second battery module; a third communication pipe connected to the third battery module; a three-way valve connected to the first communication pipe, the second communication pipe, and the third communication pipe; The battery system of claim 11 .

13. The battery system according to claim 12 , wherein the number of curves in the second communicating pipe is greater than the number of curves in the third communicating pipe.

14. The battery system according to claim 12 , wherein the third communication pipe passes through a cross beam of the second frame to connect with the third battery module.

15. The output pipe set includes: a first output pipe connected to the fluid outlet; a second output pipe coupled to the second battery module; a third output pipe coupled to the third battery module; a three-way valve connected to the first output pipe, the second output pipe, and the third output pipe; The battery system of claim 11 .

16. 16. The battery system of claim 15, wherein a sum of the pipe lengths of the second pipe set and the second output pipe is equal to a sum of the pipe lengths of the third pipe set and the third output pipe.

17. 16. The battery system of claim 15, wherein a number of curves in the second output pipe is greater than a number of curves in the third output pipe.

18. The battery pack further includes a bus bar connection assembly, the front cover further includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal, and the bus bar connection assembly includes: A positive bus bar electrically connected to the positive terminal; a first bus bar set disposed on the first side and electrically connected in series to the positive bus bar and the plurality of first battery modules; a second bus bar set disposed on the second side and electrically connected in series to the second plurality of battery modules; a third bus bar set disposed on the second side and electrically connected in series to the third plurality of battery modules; a negative bus bar electrically connected to the negative terminal; a cable set disposed at the rear portion to respectively establish a series connection between the first bus bar set and the second bus bar set, a series connection between the second bus bar set and the third bus bar set, and a series connection between the third bus bar set and the first bus bar set; The battery system of claim 11 .

19. The cable set, a first cable unit electrically connected to the first battery module and the second battery module; a second cable unit electrically connected to the second battery module and the third battery module; a third cable unit electrically connected to the third battery module and the first battery module; Equipped with 20. The battery system of claim 18, wherein the second cable unit passes through a cross beam to electrically connect with the third battery module, and the third cable unit passes through a cross beam to electrically connect with the first bus bar set.

20. 12. The battery system of claim 11, wherein at least one of the first frame, the second frame, and the at least one third frame has at least one outer protrusion connected to at least one other battery pack to form a battery pack assembly.

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