implant device

Abstract

To provide an implant whose functions are unlikely to be blocked, which can be used for treating a bone fracture at every part and, in particular, and can be easily manufactured.SOLUTION: An implant includes: a shaft provided with a first spicule anchor on an end side; and a sleeve in which a proximal end side of the shaft is inserted and which is installed on a second spicule side. An inner peripheral surface of a sleeve is provided with a female screw part, a proximal end side of the shaft is provided with an elastic deformation part, and an elastic deformation part is provided with a male screw part screwed with the female screw part. When the shaft tries to move to the second spicule side along the sleeve by cross-sectional shapes of the female screw part and the male screw part, the male screw part rides the female screw part by elastic deformation of the elastic deformation part and a movement of the shaft to the second spicule side is allowed, but the male screw part cannot ride the female screw part and movement of the shaft to the first spicule side of the shaft is regulated when the shaft tries to move the first spicule side.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an implant used in the treatment of bone fractures, and more particularly to an implant that is unlikely to be impaired in function, can be used in the treatment of bone fractures in any location, and can be easily manufactured. [Background technology]

[0002] 2. Description of the Related Art Conventional implants used for treating bone fractures include those described in Patent Document 1. The bone setting device described in Patent Document 1 is used, for example, together with an intramedullary nail embedded in the femur, and is composed of a lag screw and a sleeve. The lag screw is provided with a screw portion at the tip of a long shaft body. A femoral head separated by a fracture is fixed to the screw portion. In addition, a stopper portion is provided at the rear end side of the lag screw. The stopper portion is composed of a plurality of ratchet teeth with a ring-shaped structure protruding from the outer circumferential surface of the shaft body.

[0003] The sleeve is fixed through the intramedullary nail, and the rear end side of the lag screw is accommodated inside. The sleeve is provided with a plurality of slits extending along the axial direction, and a pawl protruding inward is provided on the inner peripheral surface between the slits of the sleeve. The pawl engages with the ratchet teeth of the shaft. The ratchet teeth and the pawl have an inclined surface and an engagement step surface. When the lag screw tries to move toward the base end side relative to the sleeve, the pawl rides over the ratchet teeth along the inclined surface. Therefore, the lag screw can move toward the base end side. However, when the lag screw tries to move toward the tip end side relative to the sleeve, the pawl abuts against the engagement step surface and cannot ride over the ratchet teeth. Therefore, the lag screw cannot move toward the tip end side. Therefore, the femoral head fixed to the lag screw is moved only in a direction pressed against the femur, thereby promoting healing of the fracture.

[0004] In another embodiment, a U-shaped slit is formed in the sleeve to provide a cantilever leaf spring-like tongue portion, the tongue portion being provided with a pawl that protrudes inwardly from the sleeve, and the pawl engages with the ratchet teeth of the lag screw. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] JP 2020-127476 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] However, the above conventional configuration has the following problems. Since the sleeve has a slit, there is a concern that tissue may get into the sleeve through the slit, impairing the function of the osteosynthesis device. This problem is particularly of concern when the osteosynthesis device is applied to a part other than the femur and used without an intramedullary nail with the slit exposed. Furthermore, the process of forming a slit in the center of a cylindrical sleeve and then providing a claw on the inside is highly difficult, making the manufacturing process difficult.

[0007] The present invention has been made based on the above-mentioned points, and an object of the present invention is to provide an implant which is unlikely to be hindered in function, can be used to treat fractures at any site, and can be easily manufactured. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the implant according to claim 1 of the present invention Device The first bone fragment anchor is provided on the distal end with a male threaded portion. First bone fragment A shaft is fixed to the first bone fragment, and a second bone fragment anchor is provided on the base end side of the shaft, and the first bone fragment is joined to the shaft via the second bone fragment anchor. 2nd bone fragment To Directly or indirectly a sleeve that is fixed and into which the base end side of the shaft is inserted; A jig for rotating the shaft, a jig for pulling the shaft toward the second bone piece, and a jig for holding the sleeve; a female threaded portion is provided on an inner peripheral surface of the sleeve, an elastic deformation portion is provided on a base end side of the shaft, the elastic deformation portion is provided with a male threaded portion to be screwed into the female threaded portion, a slit is provided on the base end side of the shaft and the slit is opened on the base end side of the shaft to form the elastic deformation portion, and due to cross-sectional shapes of the female threaded portion and the male threaded portion of the elastic deformation portion, when the shaft attempts to move along the sleeve toward the second bone piece, the male threaded portion of the elastic deformation portion rides up the female threaded portion due to elastic deformation of the elastic deformation portion, allowing the shaft to move toward the second bone piece, and when the shaft attempts to move toward the first bone piece, the male threaded portion of the elastic deformation portion cannot ride up the female threaded portion, and the movement of the shaft toward the first bone piece is restricted, and a rotation jig engagement portion with which a jig for rotating the shaft is engaged is provided on the base end side of the shaft, and a rotation jig engagement portion with which the jig for rotating the shaft is engaged is provided on the base end side of the shaft, a female threaded portion for a traction jig into which a jig for towing the shaft is screwed, and an engagement portion for a holding jig into which a jig for holding the sleeve is engaged is provided on the base end side of the sleeve; a compression nut is installed which is screwed onto the jig for towing the shaft toward the second bone fragment and abuts against the end face of the jig for holding the sleeve; and the male threaded portion as the first bone fragment anchor is screwed onto the first bone fragment by rotating the shaft via a jig for rotating the shaft in a state in which the rotation of the sleeve is restricted via the jig for towing the shaft toward the second bone fragment and the rotation of the sleeve is restricted via the jig for holding the sleeve, and the shaft is moved toward the second bone fragment relative to the sleeve via a jig for towing the shaft toward the second bone fragment by rotating the compression nut. Also, the implant according to claim 2 Device The implant according to claim 1 Device In the present invention, the second bone fragment anchor is characterized in that it is a male threaded portion that is screwed into the second bone fragment. Also, the implant according to claim 3. Device The implant according to claim 1 Device In the above, the second bone fragment anchor is characterized by having a male thread portion that is screwed into another implant placed in the second bone fragment. Effect of the Invention

[0009] As described above, the implant according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises a shaft having a first bone fragment anchor provided at its tip end, and a sleeve into which the base end of the shaft is inserted and installed on the second bone fragment side, a groove is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve, an elastically deformable portion is provided at the base end of the shaft, and a convex portion is provided on the elastically deformable portion to be engaged with the groove, and due to the cross-sectional shapes of the groove and the convex portion, when the shaft attempts to move along the sleeve toward the second bone fragment side, the convex portion rides up on the groove due to the elastic deformation of the elastically deformable portion, thereby allowing the shaft to move toward the second bone fragment side, but when the shaft attempts to move toward the first bone fragment side, the convex portion cannot ride up on the groove, thereby restricting the shaft from moving toward the first bone fragment side. Therefore, there is no need to provide an opening such as a slit on the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve, and the function is unlikely to be impaired, and the sleeve can be used to treat fractures in any location and can be easily manufactured. In addition, in the implant according to claim 2, in the implant described in claim 1, the groove is a female thread portion, the convex portion is a male thread portion, and the base end side of the shaft is screwed into the inner surface of the sleeve, so that the shaft can be moved relative to the sleeve by rotation. According to the implant of claim 3, since the elastically deformable portion is formed by providing a slit on the base end side of the shaft in the implant of claim 1, it can be easily manufactured. According to the implant of claim 4, in the implant of claim 1, an engagement portion for a rotating jig is provided on the base end side of the shaft, with which a jig for rotating the shaft can be engaged, so that the shaft can be rotated and moved by the male thread portion and the female thread portion. According to the implant of claim 5, in the implant of claim 1, an engagement portion for a traction tool is provided at the base end side of the shaft, into which a tool for traction of the shaft toward the second bone piece is screwed, so that the shaft can also be moved toward the second bone piece by traction. According to the implant of claim 6, since in the implant of claim 1, a screw is provided as a second bone fragment anchor on the base end side of the sleeve, the sleeve can be fixed to the second bone fragment side. Furthermore, according to the implant of claim 7, in the implant of claim 1, an engagement portion is provided on the base end side of the sleeve to engage with another implant as a second bone fragment anchor, so that the sleeve can be fixed to another implant on the second bone fragment side. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] 1(a) shows an implant used for a femur fracture, FIG. 1(b) shows an implant used for an ankle fracture, and FIG. 1(c) shows an implant used for a pelvic fracture according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 2(a) is a perspective view of an implant, and FIG. 2(b) is an exploded perspective view of the implant. [Diagram 3] 3A and 3B are views showing a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 3A is a plan view of an implant, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line IIIb-IIIb of FIG. 3A. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion IV in FIG. 3(b) showing the first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 5] 5A is a perspective view of a sleeve, FIG. 5B is a plan view of the sleeve, and FIG. 5C is a cross-sectional view taken along line Vc-Vc of FIG. 5B, showing a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 6(a) is a perspective view of a jig used for placing an implant, and FIG. 6(b) is a cross-sectional view of the jig used for placing an implant. [Figure 7] 7A and 7B are diagrams showing a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 7(a) is a perspective view of one axial driver of a jig used to install an implant, and FIG. 7(b) is a perspective view of the other axial driver of a jig used to install an implant. [Figure 8] 8A and 8B are diagrams showing a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 8(a) is an oblique view showing the state in which an implant and a jig are combined when screwing a first bone fragment anchor of an axis into a bone, and FIG. 8(b) is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which an implant and a jig are combined when screwing a first bone fragment anchor of an axis into a bone. [Figure 9] FIG. 8 shows the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8(a) is a perspective view showing a state in which the implant and the jig are combined when pulling the shaft toward the second bone piece side. [Figure 10] 10A is a perspective view showing the implant and the jig with the shaft pulled toward the second bone piece, and FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view showing the implant and the jig with the shaft pulled toward the second bone piece, showing the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] 11A is a perspective view showing the implant and the jig with the shaft pulled toward the second bone piece, and FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view showing the implant and the jig with the shaft pulled toward the second bone piece, showing the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] 12A and 12B are diagrams showing the second and third embodiments of the present invention, in which FIG. 12A is a front view showing the implant in use, and FIG. 12B is a view taken along the arrows XIIb-XIIb in FIG. 12A. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII of FIG. 12(b) showing the second and third embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 14] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention, illustrating the implant in use. [Figure 15] 15A and 15B are views showing a second embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 15A is a plan view of a sleeve, and FIG. 15B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVb-XVb of FIG. 15A. [Figure 16]16A is a perspective view of a sleeve, FIG. 16B is a plan view of the sleeve, and FIG. 16C is a sectional view taken along line XVIc-XVIc of FIG. 16B, showing a third embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. FIG. As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the implant 1 according to the first embodiment is composed of a shaft 3 and a sleeve 5. In the example shown in Figure 1(a), the implant 1 according to the first embodiment is used, for example, to treat a portion of a femur 7 that has been fractured and separated into a head 9 as a first bone fragment and a femoral shaft 10 as a second bone fragment, in the example shown in Figure 1(b), it is used, for example, to treat an ankle fracture, and in the example shown in Figure 1(c), it is used, for example, to treat a pelvic fracture.

[0012] In the example shown in Figure 1(a), the sleeve 5 is installed by penetrating the femoral shaft 10, and the shaft 3 is fixed to the head 9 by penetrating the sleeve 5, and the head 9 is fixed and pulled to the second bone fragment side (right side in Figure 13) via the shaft 3. 1(b), the tibia 6 is fractured and separated into a first bone fragment 6a and a second bone fragment 6b. The sleeve 5 is installed penetrating the second bone fragment 6b, and the shaft 3 is fixed to the first bone fragment 6a penetrating the sleeve 5, and the first bone fragment 6a is fixed and pulled to the second bone fragment 6b side (the right side in FIG. 1(b)) via the shaft 3. In the example shown in FIG. 1(c), the sleeve 5 is installed penetrating the ilium 8a and sacrum 8b as the second bone fragment on the right side in FIG. 1(c), and the ilium 8c as the first bone fragment on the left side in FIG. 1(c), and the shaft 3 is fixed to the ilium 8c by penetrating the sleeve 5, so that the ilium 8c is fixed and pulled to the second bone fragment side (the right side in FIG. 1(c)) via the shaft 3.

[0013] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a first bone fragment anchor 21 is provided on the tip side (upper left side in Figure 2(b)) of the shaft 3. The first bone fragment anchor 21 is adapted to be screwed into the femoral head 9 by a self-tapping screw.

[0014] In addition, a plurality of (e.g., four) slits 23 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the base end side (lower right side in FIG. 2(b)) of the shaft 3. These slits 23 are opened on the base end side (lower right side in FIG. 2(b)), and thus a plurality of (e.g., four) elastically deforming portions 25 are provided on the base end side (lower right side in FIG. 2(b)) of the shaft 3. As shown in FIG. 2(b), FIG. 3(b), and FIG. 4, male thread portions 27 are formed on the tip end side (lower right side in FIG. 2(b)) of the elastically deforming portions 25. As shown in FIG. 4, a thread 29 is formed as a convex portion on the male thread portion 27, and the cross-sectional shape of the thread 29 forms a substantially right-angled triangle in which a gently inclined movement-permitting surface 31 is provided on the second bone piece side (right side in FIG. 4) and a substantially vertical movement-restricting surface 33 is provided on the first bone piece side (left side in FIG. 4).

[0015] 2(b), 3(b), and 4, a jig engaging portion 35 is provided on the base end side of the shaft 3 (the lower right side in FIG. 2(b)) and inside the base of the elastic deformation portion 25. This jig engaging portion 35 is, for example, a recess having a hexagonal cross-sectional shape. Further, a female screw portion 37 for a jig is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the shaft 3 on the tip side (left side in FIG. 3(b)) of the jig engagement portion 35.

[0016] The sleeve 5 is a cylindrical member as shown in Figures 2 to 5, and the base end side of the shaft 3 (lower right side in Figure 2(b)) is inserted into the sleeve 5 from its tip side (upper left side in Figure 2(b)). As shown in FIG. 5(b), a female screw portion 41 is provided on the base end side (right side in FIG. 5(b)) of the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve 5, and a spiral groove 43 is formed in the female screw portion 41 as a groove. The male screw portion 27 of the elastically deformable portion 25 of the shaft 3 is screwed into the female screw portion 41. As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5(b), the cross-sectional shape of the spiral groove 43 also forms a substantially right-angled triangle in which a gently inclined movement permitting surface 45 is provided on the second bone piece side (right side in FIG. 4) and a substantially vertical movement restricting surface 47 is provided on the first bone piece side (left side in FIG. 4). With this configuration, when the shaft 3 tries to move in parallel to the second bone piece side (right side in FIG. 4), the screw thread 29 overcomes the movement permitting surface 45 of the spiral groove 43, and the parallel movement of the shaft 3 to the second bone piece side (right side in FIG. 4) is permitted. At this time, the elastically deformable portion 25 is elastically deformed. However, when the shaft 3 attempts to move parallel to the first bone fragment (left side in Figure 4), the movement limiting surface 33 of the screw thread 29 and the movement limiting surface 47 of the spiral groove 43 come into contact, and the male thread portion 27 cannot get over the spiral groove 43, so that the parallel movement of the shaft 3 toward the first bone fragment (left side in Figure 4) is restricted.

[0017] In addition, by engaging a jig (not shown) with the jig engagement portion 35 of the shaft 3 and rotating the shaft 3, the shaft 3 can be moved to the second bone piece side (right side in Figure 4) or the first bone piece side (left side in Figure 4).

[0018] As shown in Fig. 5(a), a second bone fragment anchor 51 is provided on the base end side (right side in Fig. 5(a)) of the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 5. This second bone fragment anchor 51 is a self-tapping screw, and in the example shown in Fig. 1(a), is screwed into the femoral shaft 10. Further, an enlarged diameter portion 55 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 5 on the proximal side of the second bone fragment anchor 51 (on the right side in FIG. 5(a)). Moreover, a jig engaging recess 57 is formed at the base end of the sleeve 5 (the right end in FIG. 5(a)).

[0019] For example, a jig 81 as shown in Fig. 6 is used for the installation work of the implant 1. As shown in Figs. 6(a), 6(b) and 7, the jig 81 includes a cylindrical sleeve driver 83, a compression spring 84 installed on the proximal end side of the sleeve driver 83 (lower right side in Fig. 6), and nut 85, and the sleeve driver 83 and the compression nut 6 shows a case where the lag screw driver 87 is used in the jig 81, while FIG. 7(a) shows only the lag screw driver 87, and FIG. 7(b) shows only the lag screw driver 89.

[0020] As shown in FIG. 6(a), the sleeve driver 83 has an engaging protrusion 91 formed on the tip side (upper left side in FIG. 6(a)) to be engaged with the jig engaging recess 57 of the sleeve 5. Above compression nut An internal thread portion 92 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of 85 . The tip of the lag screw driver 87 is provided with a jig-side male screw portion 93 that is screwed into the jig female screw portion 37 of the shaft 3. The base end of the lag screw driver 87 is provided with the compression nut The lag screw driver 87 is provided with a male thread portion 95 which is screwed into the female thread portion 92 of the lag screw driver 85. In addition, a handle 97 for operating the lag screw driver 87 is provided at the proximal end of the lag screw driver 87. The lag screw driver 89 has a configuration substantially similar to that of the lag screw driver 87, but the tip side of the lag screw driver 89 is provided with a jig side engagement protrusion 99 which engages with the jig engagement portion 35 of the shaft 3.

[0021] As shown in Fig. 8, the shaft 3 of the implant 1 can be screwed into the femoral head 9 by the sleeve driver 83 and the lag screw driver 89 of the jig 81. In this case, the engagement protrusion 91 of the sleeve driver 83 is engaged with the jig engagement recess 57 of the sleeve 5, and the sleeve 5 is prevented from rotating by the sleeve driver 83. In this state, the lag screw driver 89 is passed through the sleeve driver 83 and the sleeve 5, and the jig side engagement protrusion 99 of the lag screw driver 89 is engaged with the jig engagement portion 35 of the shaft 3, so that the shaft 3 can be rotated.

[0022] As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the sleeve driver 83 and the compression nut Using the jig 81 consisting of the lag screw driver 89 and the jig 85, the shaft 3 can be pulled toward the second bone fragment side (the right side in FIG. 10(b)). In this case, the engagement protrusion 91 of the sleeve driver 83 is engaged with the jig engagement recess 57 of the sleeve 5, and the compression screw 84 is attached to the right side of the rear end side (in FIG. 10(b)) of the sleeve driver 83. nut 85. Then, insert the lag screw driver 89 into the compression nut 85 and the sleeve driver 83 and the sleeve 5 are passed through, Lag screw driver The male thread part 95 of 89 is the above compression nut The lag screw driver 89 is screwed into the female thread portion 92 of the lag screw driver 89, and the jig side engagement protrusion 99 of the lag screw driver 89 is engaged with the jig engagement portion 35 of the shaft 3, thereby preventing rotation of the shaft 3 by the lag screw driver 89. In this state, when the sleeve 5 is rotated by the sleeve driver 83, the shaft 3 is translated in parallel relative to the sleeve 5 along the jig side engagement protrusion 99 of the lag screw driver 89 by the male thread portion 27 and the female thread portion 41.

[0023] As shown in FIG. 11, the sleeve driver 83 and the compression nutThe shaft 3 can be pulled to the second bone fragment side (right side in FIG. 11(b)) by using the jig 81 consisting of the lag screw driver 87 and the compression screw driver 85. In this case, the engagement protrusion 91 of the sleeve driver 83 is engaged with the jig engagement recess 57 of the sleeve 5, and the compression screw 85 is attached to the right side of the rear end side (in FIG. 10(b)) of the sleeve driver 83. nut 85. Then, insert the lag screw driver 87 into the compression nut 85 and the sleeve driver 83 and the sleeve 5 are passed through, Lag screw driver The male thread part 95 of 87 is the above compression nut The lag screw driver 87 is screwed into the female screw portion 92 of the lag screw driver 85, and the jig-side male screw portion 93 of the lag screw driver 87 is screwed into the female screw portion 37 of the jig of the shaft 3, and the shaft 3 is prevented from rotating by the lag screw driver 87, and the sleeve 5 is prevented from rotating by the sleeve driver 83. nut When 85 is rotated, the shaft 3 is translated along the sleeve 5 together with the lag screw driver 87. At this time, the thread 29 of the elastic deformation portion 25 of the shaft 3 overcomes the movement permitting surface 45 of the helical groove 43 of the sleeve 5, and the shaft 3 is permitted to move in parallel toward the second bone fragment side (the right side in FIG. 10(b)).

[0024] Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described. First, the installation of the implant 1 in the example shown in FIG. 1(a) will be described. In this case, first, pilot holes 61, 63 are formed in the femoral shaft 10 and the femoral head 9 using a drill (not shown). Next, the implant 1 is inserted into the pilot holes 61 , 63 , and the engaging protrusion 91 of the sleeve driver 83 is engaged with the jig engaging recess 57 of the sleeve 5 . Next, the sleeve 5 is rotated by the sleeve driver 83. The second bone fragment anchor 51 is screwed into the femoral shaft 10, and the sleeve 5 is fixed to the femoral shaft 10. Next, the lag screw driver 89 is inserted through the sleeve driver 83 and the sleeve 5 , and the jig side engagement protrusion 99 of the lag screw driver 89 is engaged with the jig engagement portion 35 of the shaft 3 . Next, the shaft 3 is rotated by the lag screw driver 89 to screw the first bone fragment anchor 21 into the femoral head 9 , thereby fixing the shaft 3 to the femoral head 9 .

[0025] Next, a case where the head 9 is pulled toward the second bone fragment side (the right side in FIG. 1(a)) will be described. In this case, for example, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the engagement protrusion 91 of the sleeve driver 83 is engaged with the jig engagement recess 57 of the sleeve 5, and a compression spring is provided on the right side of the rear end side (in FIG. 10(b)) of the sleeve driver 83. nut Install 85. Next, insert the lag screw driver 89 into the compression nut 85 and the sleeve driver 83 and the sleeve 5 are passed through, Lag screw driver The male thread part 95 of 89 is the above compression nut The lag screw driver 89 is screwed into the female thread portion 92 of the shaft 3 , and the jig side engagement protrusion 99 of the lag screw driver 89 is engaged with the jig engagement portion 35 of the shaft 3 . Next, the sleeve 5 is rotated by the sleeve driver 83 while the rotation of the shaft 3 is prevented by the lag screw driver 89. Since the rotation of the shaft 3 is restricted, the shaft 3 is moved in parallel with the sleeve 5 along the jig side engagement protrusion 93 of the lag screw driver 89 by the male thread portion 27 and the female thread portion 41.

[0026] As shown in FIG. 11, the sleeve driver 83 and the compression nut The shaft 3 may be pulled toward the second bone fragment side (the right side in FIG. 11(b)) by using the jig 81 consisting of the lag screw driver 87 and the compression screw driver 85. In this case, first, the engagement protrusion 91 of the sleeve driver 83 is engaged with the jig engagement recess 57 of the sleeve 5, and the compression screw 85 is attached to the right side of the rear end side (in FIG. 10(b)) of the sleeve driver 83. nut Install 85. Next, insert the lag screw driver 87 into the compression nut 85 and the sleeve driver 83 and the sleeve 5 are passed through, Lag screw driver The male thread part 95 of 87 is the above compression nut The lag screw driver 87 is screwed into the female thread portion 92 of the shaft 3, and the jig-side male thread portion 93 of the lag screw driver 87 is screwed into the jig female thread portion 37 of the shaft 3. Next, the rotation of the shaft 3 is prevented by the lag screw driver 87 and the rotation of the sleeve 5 is prevented by the sleeve driver 83. nut Rotate 85. Compression above nut When 85 is rotated, the shaft 3 is translated along the sleeve 5 together with the lag screw driver 87. At this time, the thread 29 of the elastically deforming portion 25 of the shaft 3 gets over the movement permitting surface 45 of the helical groove 43 of the sleeve 5, and the translation of the shaft 3 toward the second bone piece side (the right side in FIG. 10(b)) is permitted. When the thread 29 of the male screw portion 27 tries to get over the movement permitting surface 45 of the helical groove 43, the elastically deforming portion 25 is elastically deformed.

[0027] As described above, in addition to the case where the shaft 3 and the head 9 are arbitrarily pulled toward the second bone fragment, the shaft 3 and the head 9 may also be moved toward the second bone fragment (right side in FIG. 4) when an external force is applied to the head 9 or the femoral shaft 10. In such a case, the thread 29 of the male screw portion 27 of the shaft 3 overcomes the movement permitting surface 45 of the spiral groove 43 of the sleeve 5, and the shaft 3 is allowed to move in parallel toward the second bone fragment (right side in FIG. 4).

[0028] On the other hand, when the shaft 3 attempts to move in parallel toward the first bone fragment (left side in Figure 4), the movement limiting surface 33 of the thread 29 and the movement limiting surface 47 of the spiral groove 43 abut, and the male thread portion 27 cannot overcome the spiral groove 43, so that the parallel movement of the shaft 3 toward the first bone fragment (left side in Figure 4) is restricted. In this way, the head 9 moves in a direction pressed against the femoral shaft 10 but is not moved in a direction away from the femoral shaft 10, promoting healing of the fracture of the femur 7.

[0029] 1(b), pilot holes 65, 67 are similarly formed in the second bone fragment 6b and the first bone fragment 6a, and the implant 1 is installed. The first bone fragment anchor 21 of the shaft 3 is screwed into the first bone fragment 6a, and the second bone fragment anchor 51 of the sleeve 5 is screwed into the tibia 6. In this case as well, the implant 1 allows the first bone fragment 6a to move toward the first bone fragment (the right side in FIG. 1(b)), but restricts its movement toward the second bone fragment (the left side in FIG. 1(b)).

[0030] In the example shown in Fig. 1(c), pilot holes 71, 73, 75 are formed in the ilium 8a and sacrum 8b on the right side in Fig. 1(c) and the ilium 8c on the left side in Fig. 1(c), and the implant 1 is installed. The first bone fragment anchor 21 of the shaft 3 is screwed into the ilium 8c, and the second bone fragment anchor 51 of the sleeve 5 is screwed into the ilium 8a. In this case, too, the implant 1 allows the ilium 8c and the sacrum 8b to move toward the first bone fragment side (the right side in Fig. 1(c)), but restricts movement toward the second bone fragment side (the left side in Fig. 1(c)).

[0031] Next, the effects of the first embodiment will be described. First, a female screw portion 41 is provided on the inside of the sleeve 5, and the male screw portion 27 of the elastic deformation portion 25 of the shaft 3 and the female screw portion 41 are screwed together on the inside of the sleeve 5, so there are no openings on the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 5, and tissue does not get into the inside of the sleeve 5 from the outside, making it difficult to impair the function of the implant 1. This also allows the implant 1 to be used alone without being housed in another implant, so that it can be used in combination with the implant 1 in places where other implants cannot be used, for example, and can be used to treat fractures in any location. Furthermore, there is no need to provide a slit in the center of the sleeve 5, and the implant 1 can be easily manufactured. Since the elastically deformable portion 25 is formed by forming the slit 23 in the shaft 3, the shaft 3 provided with the elastically deformable portion 25 can be easily manufactured. Since the sleeve 5 is provided with the second bone fragment anchor 51 which is a self-tapping screw, the sleeve 5 can be reliably fixed to the second bone fragment side.

[0032] Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The implant 101 according to the second embodiment has a configuration similar to that of the implant 1 according to the first embodiment described above, and is composed of a shaft 3 and a sleeve 103. In the example shown in Figures 12 and 13, the implant 101 is used, for example, to treat a fracture of the head 9 of the femur 7. In this case, a nail 104 is inserted into a medullary hole 100 formed in the femoral shaft 10 by a drill (not shown), and the implant is inserted into the medullary hole 100 while passing through an implant through-hole 102 provided in the nail 104. 101 The implant is placed. 101 The sleeve 103 is fixed to the nail 104, and the implant 101 The shaft 3 is fixed to the side of the femoral head 9, and the femoral head 9 is pulled toward the second bone fragment side (the right side in FIG. 13) via the shaft 3. In the example shown in FIG. 14, the implant 101 is used, for example, in treating a case in which the femur 7 has been fractured and separated into a head 9 and a femoral shaft 10, and the sleeve 103 is fixed to a plate 106 installed on the side of the femoral shaft 10.

[0033] As shown in Figure 15, the sleeve 103 has a configuration substantially similar to that of the sleeve 5 in the first embodiment described above, but has a second bone fragment anchor 105 provided on the outer periphery in a range larger than that of the second bone fragment anchor 51 of the sleeve 5 in the first embodiment described above, and an enlarged diameter portion 107 provided in a range larger than that of the enlarged diameter portion 55 of the sleeve 5 in the first embodiment described above. 12 and 13, the second bone fragment anchor 105 is screwed into the female screw portion 111 in the implant through hole 102 of the nail 104, and the sleeve 103 is fixed to the nail 104. In addition, the enlarged diameter portion 107 abuts against the nail 104, thereby restricting the movement of the sleeve 103 and therefore the implant 101 to the left in FIG. In the example shown in Fig. 14, the second bone fragment anchor 105 is screwed into a female thread portion 117 in an implant through hole 115 of the plate 106, and the sleeve 103 is fixed to the plate 106. In addition, the enlarged diameter portion 107 abuts against the plate 106, thereby restricting the movement of the sleeve 103 and therefore the implant 101 to the left in Fig. 14. In addition, components common to this second embodiment and the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

[0034] Next, the operation of the second embodiment will be described. For example, in the example shown in Figures 12 and 13, when the implant 101 is used to treat a fracture of the head 9 of the femur 7, first, a medullary hole 100 is formed in the femoral shaft 10 with a drill (not shown), and a nail 104 is inserted into the medullary hole 100. Next, a drill (not shown) is inserted through the implant through-hole 102 of the nail 104 to form a pilot hole 123 in the femoral shaft 10 and a pilot hole 125 in the femoral head 9 . Next, the implant 101 is passed through the nail 104 , and the second bone fragment anchor 105 of the sleeve 103 is screwed into the female thread portion 111 of the nail 104 , thereby fixing the sleeve 103 to the nail 104 . Next, in the same manner as in the first embodiment described above, the shaft 3 is rotated to screw the first bone fragment anchor 21 into the prepared hole 125 , thereby fixing the femoral head 9 to the shaft 3 . Next, in the same manner as in the first embodiment described above, the head 9 is appropriately pulled toward the second bone fragment by the shaft 3.

[0035] 14, the plate 106 is fixed to the femoral shaft 10 by a fixing screw 131. Next, a drill (not shown) is inserted through the implant through-hole 115 of the plate 106 to form a pilot hole 123 in the femoral shaft 10 and a pilot hole 125 in the femoral head 9. Next, the implant 101 is passed through the plate 106 , and the second bone fragment anchor 105 of the sleeve 103 is screwed into the female thread portion 131 of the plate 106 , thereby fixing the sleeve 103 to the plate 106 . Next, in the same manner as in the first embodiment described above, the shaft 3 is rotated to screw the first bone fragment anchor 21 into the prepared hole 125 , thereby fixing the femoral head 9 to the shaft 3 . Next, in the same manner as in the first embodiment described above, the femoral head 9 is appropriately pulled toward the second bone fragment side by the shaft 3 .

[0036] In this second embodiment, too, the implant 101 moves the head 9 in a direction pressing it against the femoral shaft 10, but does not move it away from the femoral shaft 10, thereby promoting healing of the fracture of the femur 7.

[0037] The second embodiment also provides the same effects as the first embodiment described above.

[0038] Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 12 and 13, the implant 201 according to the third embodiment is used, for example, to treat a fracture of the head 9 of the femur 7, together with the implant 101 according to the second embodiment. The implant 201 is also configured similarly to the implant 101 according to the second embodiment, and is composed of a shaft 3 and a sleeve 203.

[0039] As shown in Fig. 16, the sleeve 203 has a configuration substantially similar to that of the sleeve 5 in the first embodiment described above, but there is no male thread on the outer circumferential surface, and engagement portions 205 serving as second bone fragment anchors are provided on both sides in the width direction. The engagement portions 205 are recesses formed by cutting out a part of both sides in the width direction (vertical direction in Fig. 16(b)) of the sleeve 203, and are provided parallel to each other on both sides in the width direction (vertical direction in Fig. 16(b)) of the sleeve 203. The sleeve 203 is installed on the nail 104 with the engagement portion 205 engaged with the implant through-hole 211 of the nail 104 . In addition, components common to this third embodiment and the first and second embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

[0040] When installing the implant 201, a pilot hole 213 is formed in the femoral shaft 10 and a pilot hole 215 is formed in the femoral head 9 by penetrating a drill (not shown) through the implant through hole 211 of the nail 104, as in the case of the second embodiment described above. Thereafter, the implant 201 is penetrated through the implant through hole 211 of the nail 104, the engaging portion 205 of the sleeve 203 is engaged with the implant through hole 211 of the nail 104, and the shaft 3 is rotated to screw the first bone fragment anchor 21 into the pilot hole 215, as in the case of the first embodiment described above, thereby fixing the femoral head 9 to the shaft 3. Moreover, in the same manner as in the first embodiment described above, the femoral head 9 is appropriately pulled toward the second bone fragment side by the shaft 3 .

[0041] The implant 201 according to the third embodiment also exerts the same functions and effects as the implants according to the first and second embodiments described above.

[0042] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the first to third embodiments. The implant according to the present invention may be used to treat fractures at a variety of locations. It is also contemplated that the implant in the first embodiment may be used together with the nail and implant shown in FIGS. The convex portion provided on the shaft may be a convex portion provided in an annular shape, in addition to a convex portion formed by dividing a helical shape that functions as a male screw. The groove provided on the sleeve may be a helical groove that functions as a female screw, in addition to an annular groove. The angles of the movement allowable surface and the movement restricting surface of the convex portion, and the movement allowable surface and the movement restricting surface of the groove can be various as long as they restrict movement of the shaft relative to the sleeve toward the first bone piece and allow movement toward the second bone piece. Various other shapes, materials, sizes, and numbers of each component are possible. Additionally, the configurations shown in the drawings are merely examples. [Industrial Applicability]

[0043] The present invention relates to an implant used in the treatment of bone fractures, and in particular to an implant that is designed to be easy to manufacture and not easily hindered in function, and is suitable for treating bone fractures in any location, for example, in the treatment of femoral bone fractures. [Explanation of symbols]

[0044] 1. Implants 3-axis 5 Sleeve 21 First bone fragment anchor 23 Slit 25 Elastic deformation part 29 Thread (convex part) 35 Jig engagement part 43 Spiral groove (groove) 51 Second bone fragment anchor 101 Implant 103 Sleeve 105 Second bone fragment anchor 201 Implants 203 Sleeve 205 Engagement part (second bone fragment anchor)

Claims

1. a shaft having a male thread portion as a first bone fragment anchor provided at a tip side thereof and fixed to the first bone fragment via the male thread portion; a sleeve having a base end side provided with a second bone fragment anchor, the sleeve being directly or indirectly fixed to the second bone fragment joined to the first bone fragment via the second bone fragment anchor, and into which the base end side of the shaft is inserted; A jig for rotating the shaft; A tool for pulling the shaft toward the second bone fragment; A jig for holding the sleeve; Equipped with The sleeve has an inner peripheral surface provided with a female thread portion, An elastically deformable portion is provided on the base end side of the shaft, The elastic deformation portion is provided with a male thread portion that is screwed into the female thread portion, A slit is provided on the base end side of the shaft, and the slit is opened on the base end side of the shaft to form the elastic deformation portion, Due to the cross-sectional shapes of the female threaded portion and the male threaded portion of the elastic deformation portion, when the shaft attempts to move along the sleeve toward the second bone piece, the male threaded portion of the elastic deformation portion rides up the female threaded portion due to the elastic deformation of the elastic deformation portion, allowing the shaft to move toward the second bone piece, and when the shaft attempts to move toward the first bone piece, the male threaded portion of the elastic deformation portion cannot ride up the female threaded portion, and the movement of the shaft toward the first bone piece is restricted, A rotation jig engaging portion is provided on the base end side of the shaft, with which a jig for rotating the shaft is engaged, A female screw portion for a traction jig is provided on the base end side of the shaft, into which a jig for traction of the shaft toward the second bone fragment is screwed, A holding jig engaging portion is provided on the base end side of the sleeve, with which a jig for holding the sleeve is engaged, A compression nut is provided which is screwed into a jig for pulling the shaft toward the second bone piece and is in contact with an end surface of a jig for holding the sleeve; The shaft is rotated via a jig for rotating the shaft in a state in which the rotation of the sleeve is restricted via a jig that holds the sleeve, thereby screwing the male screw portion as the first bone fragment anchor into the first bone fragment, An implant device characterized in that, while the rotation of the shaft is restricted via a jig for pulling the shaft toward the second bone piece and the rotation of the sleeve is restricted via a jig that holds the sleeve, the shaft is moved toward the second bone piece relative to the sleeve by rotating the compression nut via a jig for pulling the shaft toward the second bone piece.

2. 2. The implant device of claim 1, An implant device, wherein the second bone fragment anchor is a male threaded portion that is screwed into the second bone fragment.

3. 2. The implant device of claim 1, An implant device, wherein the second bone fragment anchor is a male threaded portion that is screwed into another implant placed in the second bone fragment.

Images