High refractive index phosphate glass

Abstract

Disclosed herein are glasses that offer several advantages over conventional glass compositions used in optical applications. The glasses disclosed herein have low devitrification tendencies and can be formed into macroscopic components by melt-quenching. The glasses have high glass thermal stability indexes and are chemically durable. The glasses disclosed herein are transparent when heat-treated in air or oxygen, and further have high refractive indices and low densities, making them suitable for optical applications.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 776,668, filed December 7, 2018, the contents of which are relied upon and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. [Technical field]

[0002] This application relates to high refractive index glasses that can be used in the manufacture of optical articles. [Background technology]

[0003] With the growing market of devices, optical fibers, and optical lenses used in optical displays of augmented or virtual reality devices, there is an increasing demand for optical glasses with high refractive index (e.g., greater than 1.70) and low density. Other requirements for these optical glasses are excellent glass moldability, relatively low manufacturing costs, and excellent chemical durability to withstand chemical cleaning and various environmental conditions. The glass compositions described herein have desirable properties for their manufacture and use in optical articles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Disclosed herein are glasses that offer several advantages over conventional glass compositions used in optical applications. The glasses disclosed herein have low devitrification tendencies and can be formed into macroscopic components by melt quenching processing. The glasses have high stability indices and are chemically durable. The glasses disclosed herein are transparent when annealed in air or oxygen, and further have high refractive indices and low densities, making them suitable for use in many optical articles and applications.

[0005] Advantages of the materials, methods, and devices described herein will be set forth in part in the following description, or may be learned by practice of the aspects described below. The advantages described below will be realized and attained by means of the elements and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims. It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive.

[0006] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate several aspects described below. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1A] Transmittance of glass compositions heated at 660°C for 0.5 and 1 hour under oxygen purge compared to the same glass compositions not heated [Figure 1B] Transmittance of a glass composition heated in air at 640°C for 1 hour compared to the same glass composition that was not heated [Diagram 2] Refractive index of a glass composition heated at 660°C for 16 hours under an oxygen purge compared to the same glass not heated under oxygen [Figure 3A] FIG. 1 shows a glass composition containing CeO2 that has a higher refractive index compared to a glass composition that does not contain CeO2. [Figure 3B] FIG. 1 shows a glass composition containing CeO2 that has a higher transmittance compared to a glass composition that does not contain CeO2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0008] Before the present materials, articles, and / or methods are disclosed and described, it is to be understood that the embodiments described below are not limited to particular compounds, synthetic methods, or applications, which, as such, may, of course, vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.

[0009] In the following specification and claims, reference will be made to a number of terms that shall be defined to have the following meanings: It should be noted that as used in the specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to "a metal oxide" in a glass composition includes mixtures of two or more metal oxides, and so forth.

[0010] "Optional" or "optionally" means that the subsequently described event or circumstance may or may not occur, and that the description includes cases where the event or circumstance occurs and cases where the event or circumstance does not occur. For example, the glass compositions described herein can optionally include an alkaline earth metal oxide, where the alkaline earth metal oxide may or may not be present.

[0011] As used herein, the term "about" is used to provide flexibility to the endpoints of a numerical range by providing that a given numerical value may be "a little above" or "a little below" the endpoint without affecting the desired result. For purposes of this disclosure, "about" refers to a range that extends from 10% below to 10% above the numerical value. For example, if the numerical value is 10, then "about 10" means between 9 and 11, including the endpoints of 9 and 11.

[0012] Throughout this specification, unless the context dictates otherwise, the word "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" are understood to mean the inclusion of a stated element, integer, step, or group of elements, integers, or steps, but not the exclusion of any other element, integer, step, or group of elements, integers, or steps.

[0013] The "refractive index" of a material is a numerical value that describes how light propagates through that material. It is defined by the formula n=c / v, where c is the speed of light in a vacuum and v is the speed of light as it propagates through the material. In one embodiment, the refractive index of the materials disclosed herein exhibits little variation over the measured wavelength range, and thus is characterized by low dispersion.

[0014] As used herein, the “glass transition temperature” (T g ) characterizes the temperature at which the glass transition occurs in an amorphous material. T g At temperatures below this temperature, the material exists in a hard, brittle state, T g At higher temperatures, the material exists in a supercooled liquid state. If the material exists in a crystalline state, T g will always be lower than the melting point of the crystalline state of the material.

[0015] As used herein, "devitrification" is the formation of crystalline structures in glass. Devitrification can result from improper cleaning of the glass surface, from holding the glass at high temperatures for long periods of time during cooling of the melt from the melting temperature (which can cause crystal nucleation), or simply from the tendency of the raw materials in the glass. In one aspect, simple binary titanium phosphate glasses have a high tendency to devitrify. In a further aspect, devitrification can be avoided by using rapid quenching techniques, such as roller quenching. In yet a further aspect, the glass compositions disclosed herein have a low tendency to devitrify and therefore can be quenched to the glassy state using cooling rates substantially slower than those associated with roller quenching.

[0016] As used herein, the "thermal stability index of a glass" refers to the onset of crystallization (T x ) and glass transition (T g ) and the temperature difference (i.e., T x -T g The onset of crystallization as determined by DSC is the peak of crystallization when the glass is heated from room temperature to the melting temperature at a rate of 10°C / min. The onset of crystallization (T xA method for determining the glass thermal stability index (T) is provided in the Examples. In one aspect, the glass compositions described herein have a high glass thermal stability index. In further aspects, the glass compositions described herein may have a glass thermal stability index greater than 100° C., or greater than 150° C., or greater than 200° C. In other aspects, the glass composition is free of a crystalline state and the glass thermal stability index is greater than -T. g is the negative number corresponding to

[0017] As used herein, "dispersion" is the change in refractive index of a material with wavelength. In one aspect, the glass compositions described herein have lower dispersion than other high refractive index glasses, such as glasses containing lead or bismuth.

[0018] "Melt quenching" is a common technique for producing glass. In melt quenching, the raw materials are mixed into a batch and melted. The duration and temperature of melting depend on the melting points of the individual components. After melting, the glass is cast and cooled. g The glass compositions disclosed herein can be processed by melt quenching. In a further aspect, the glass compositions disclosed herein can be fabricated into macroscopic elements.

[0019] "Roller quenching" is a rapid quenching technique used in processing materials with poor glass-forming tendencies into glass. In roller quenching, the glass melt is poured onto a roller. In one aspect, the glass compositions disclosed herein have good glass-forming tendencies and do not need to be processed by roller quenching.

[0020] As used herein, "annealing" refers to the process of slowly cooling hot glass after forming an object from a glass melt, and reheating the glass from room temperature to an annealing point, holding at the annealing point for a period of time, and then slowly cooling to room temperature. In one aspect, annealing can relieve internal stresses introduced during the manufacture of the glass object. In another aspect, the glasses described herein can be strongly colored when formed by conventional melting in air, but can be colored in a variety of ways. g It can be bleached to transparency by annealing in air or oxygen at elevated temperatures, including temperatures near 100°C. The "annealing temperature" or "annealing point" of glass is the temperature at which the viscosity of the glass reaches 10°C. 13.2 The annealing temperature is the temperature at which the viscosity of the glass reaches poise. In one embodiment, at the annealing temperature, the viscosity of the glass is high enough that the glass can withstand external deformation (and resulting breakage), but softens enough to relax internal strains. In one embodiment, the annealing point of the glasses disclosed herein can range from 450 to 750°C.

[0021] Materials such as objects formed from glass compositions can change shape, area, or volume in response to changes in temperature. The "coefficient of thermal expansion" is the degree of expansion divided by the change in temperature and can vary with temperature. A method for determining the coefficient of thermal expansion is provided in the examples.

[0022] References in the specification and claims to the atomic percentage of a particular element in a composition or article indicate the molar relationship between that element or component and other elements or components in the composition or article for which the atomic percentage is expressed. Thus, in a composition containing 2 atomic percent of component X and 5 atomic percent of component Y, X and Y are present in a molar ratio of 2:5, and are present in such ratio regardless of whether additional components are used in the composition.

[0023] As used herein, for convenience, a plurality of items, structures, constituent elements, and / or materials may be presented in common lists. However, these lists should be construed as though each member of the list is individually identified as a member having separate and unique properties. Thus, any individual member of such a list should not be construed as a de facto equivalent of other members of the same list solely based on their presentation in a common group, absent indication to the contrary.

[0024] Concentrations, amounts, and other numerical data may be expressed or presented in a range format in this specification. Such range formats are used merely for convenience and brevity, and should therefore be understood to include not only the numerical values ​​explicitly recited as limitations of the range, but should be interpreted flexibly to include all individual numerical values ​​or subranges contained within the range, as if each numerical value and subrange were explicitly recited. As an example, a numerical range of "about 1" to "about 5" should be interpreted not only to include the values ​​of about 1 to about 5 explicitly recited, but also to include each value and subrange within the range recited. Thus, this numerical range includes individual values ​​such as 2, 3, and 4, subranges such as 1 to 3, 2 to 4, 3 to 5, about 1 to about 3, 1 to about 3, about 1 to 3, and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 individually. The same principle applies to ranges reciting only one numerical value as the minimum or maximum value. Moreover, such an interpretation should be applied regardless of the width or range of numerical values ​​described.

[0025] Disclosed are materials and components that can be used in the disclosed compositions and methods, can be used in combination with the disclosed compositions and methods, can be used in preparation for the disclosed compositions and methods, or are products of the disclosed compositions and methods. These and other materials are disclosed herein, and when combinations, subsets, interactions, groups, etc. of these materials are disclosed, it is understood that each is specifically contemplated and described herein, even if specific reference to various individual combinations and sequences of these compounds is not explicitly disclosed. For example, when an alkali metal oxide additive is disclosed and discussed, and many different alkaline earth metal oxide additives are disclosed and discussed, each and every combination of possible alkali metal oxide additives and alkaline earth metal oxide additives is specifically contemplated, unless otherwise indicated. For example, when a class of alkali metal oxides A, B, and C is disclosed, and a class of alkaline earth metal oxide additives D, E, and F is disclosed, and an exemplary combination of A+D is disclosed, each is individually and collectively contemplated, even though each is not individually listed. Thus, in this example, each combination of A+E, A+F, B+D, B+E, B+F, C+D, C+E, and C+F is specifically contemplated and should be considered from the disclosure of the exemplary combination of A, B, and C; D, E, and F; and A+D. Similarly, any subset or combination of these is also specifically contemplated and disclosed. Thus, for example, the subgroup of A+E, B+F, and C+E is specifically contemplated and should be considered from the disclosure of the exemplary combination of A, B, and C; D, E, and F; and A+D. This concept applies to all aspects of the disclosure, including, but not limited to, steps of methods of making and using the disclosed compositions. Thus, where there are various additional steps that can be performed in any particular embodiment or combination of embodiments of the disclosed methods, each such composition is specifically contemplated and should be considered as disclosed.

[0026] The term "R2O" refers to alkali metal oxides and is used to represent the combination of all alkali metal oxides in a glass composition. Alkali metal oxides include Li2O, Na2O, K2O, Rb2O, and Cs2O. When only one alkali metal oxide is present in the composition, R2O refers to that alkali metal oxide. When more than one alkali metal oxide is present in the composition, R2O refers to all alkali metal oxides collectively. References to the amount or concentration of R2O mean the combined amount or concentration of all alkali metal oxides (one or more) expressed in mole percent.

[0027] The term "RO" refers to alkaline earth metal oxides and is used to represent the combination of all alkaline earth metal oxides in a glass composition. Alkaline earth metal oxides include MgO, CaO, SrO, and BaO. When only one alkaline earth metal oxide is present in the composition, RO refers to that alkaline earth metal oxide. When more than one alkaline earth metal oxide is present in the composition, RO refers to all alkaline earth metal oxides collectively. References to an amount or concentration of RO mean the combined amount or concentration of all (one or more) alkaline earth metal oxides expressed in mole percent.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified, the amounts or concentrations described herein for components in the glass compositions refer to the mole % of the component included in the glass compositions produced herein.

[0029] The glass compositions described herein include phosphorus pentoxide (PO), niobium pentoxide (NbO), one or more alkali metal oxides (RO), one or more alkaline earth metal oxides (RO), and one or more optional glass-forming ingredients. As described in more detail below, the properties of the glass compositions can be altered by varying the relative amounts of each of these ingredients.

[0030] The glass compositions described herein include P2O5. In one embodiment, the amount of P2O5 is about 20 mol% to about 40 mol%. In another embodiment, the amount of P2O5 is about 20, 25, 30, 35, or 40 mol%, with any value being the lower or upper limit of the range (e.g., 25 mol% to 40 mol%, 25 mol% to 35 mol%, etc.).

[0031] The glass compositions described herein include Nb2O5. In one embodiment, the amount of Nb2O5 is from about 10 mol% to about 50 mol%. In further embodiments, Nb2O5 is present at about 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, or 50 mol%, with any value being the lower and upper limit of the range (e.g., 15 mol% to 30 mol%, 20 mol% to 30 mol%, etc.). The presence of Nb2O5 in the glasses described herein contributes to an increase in the refractive index of the glass material.

[0032] The glass compositions described herein include one or more alkali metal oxides (RO), including Na2O, Li2O, KO, or any combination thereof. In one embodiment, the amount of alkali metal oxide is from about 1 mol% to about 35 mol%. In further embodiments, the alkali metal oxide is present at about 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, or 35 mol%, with any value being the lower or upper limit of the range (e.g., 5 mol% to 15 mol%, 5 mol% to 20 mol%, etc.).

[0033] In one embodiment, the alkali metal oxide is Na2O in an amount of 1 mol% to 35 mol%. In another embodiment, the alkali metal oxide is Li2O in an amount of 1 mol% to 15 mol%. In another embodiment, the alkali metal oxide is K2O in an amount of 1 mol% to 10 mol%. When a single alkali metal oxide is present in the glass composition, the amount of the alkali metal oxide is 1 mol% to 35 mol%. In a further embodiment, the alkali metal oxide is Na2O in an amount of 1 mol% to 35 mol%, Li2O in an amount of 1 mol% to 15 mol%, and K2O in an amount of 1 mol% to 10 mol%, with the sum of R2O being about 1 mol% to about 35 mol%.

[0034] The glass compositions described herein include one or more alkaline earth metal oxides (RO), including CaO, BaO, MgO, SrO, or any combination thereof. In one embodiment, the amount of alkaline earth metal oxide is from about 5 mol% to about 40 mol%. In further embodiments, the alkaline earth metal oxide is present at about 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, or 40 mol%, with any value being the lower or upper limit of the range (e.g., 1 mol% to 15 mol%, 5 mol% to 20 mol%, etc.).

[0035] In one embodiment, the alkaline earth metal oxide is BaO in an amount of 1 mol% to 25 mol%. In another embodiment, the alkaline earth metal oxide is CaO in an amount of 1 mol% to 20 mol%. In another embodiment, the alkaline earth metal oxide is MgO in an amount of 1 mol% to 15 mol%. In another embodiment, the alkaline earth metal oxide is SrO in an amount of 1 mol% to 30 mol%. When a single alkaline earth metal oxide is present in the glass composition, the amount of the single alkaline earth metal oxide is 5 mol% to 40 mol%. In a further embodiment, the alkaline earth metal oxide is BaO in an amount of 1 mol% to 25 mol% and CaO in an amount of 1 mol% to 20 mol%, the sum of BaO and CaO being 1 mol% to 40 mol%. In another embodiment, the alkaline earth metal oxides are BaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol%, CaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol%, and SrO in an amount between 1 mol% and 30 mol%, and the sum of BaO, CaO, and SrO is between 5 mol% and 40 mol%.

[0036] The amount of P2O5, alkali metal oxides, and alkaline earth metal oxides can be varied to modify the properties of the glass composition. In one embodiment, the molar ratio of R2O / (R2O+RO) is greater than 0.25. In another embodiment, the molar ratio of R2O / (R2O+RO) is greater than 0.25, or 0.5, 0.75, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10, with any value being the lower and upper limit of the range (e.g., greater than 0.25 to 2, 0.5 to 5, etc.). In this specification and throughout the specification, R2O and RO can include one or more alkali metal oxides and alkaline earth metal oxides, respectively. Without wishing to be bound by theory, when R2O / (R2O+RO) is greater than 0.25, the transmittance of the glass composition is improved.

[0037] In one embodiment, when the glass composition includes R2O and RO, the molar ratio of (R2O+RO) / P2O5 is greater than or equal to 1. In another embodiment, the molar ratio of (R2O+RO) / P2O5 is greater than 1, or 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10, with any value being the lower or upper limit of the range (e.g., greater than 1 to 3, 2 to 5, etc.). In another embodiment, when the glass composition includes R2O and RO, the molar ratio of (R2O+RO) / P2O5 is less than or equal to 1.

[0038] In one embodiment, when the glass composition contains RO and does not contain R2O, the molar ratio of RO / P2O5 is greater than 1. In another embodiment, the molar ratio of RO / P2O5 is greater than 1, or 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10, any value can be the lower or upper limit of the range (e.g., greater than 1 to 3, 2 to 5, etc.). In another embodiment, when the glass composition contains RO and does not contain R2O, the molar ratio of RO / P2O5 is less than or equal to 1.

[0039] In one embodiment, when the glass composition contains R2O and does not contain RO, the molar ratio of R2O / P2O5 is greater than 1. In another embodiment, the molar ratio of R2O / P2O5 is greater than 1, or 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10, any value can be the lower or upper limit of the range (e.g., greater than 1 to 3, 2 to 5, etc.). In another embodiment, when the glass composition contains R2O and does not contain RO, the molar ratio of R2O / P2O5 is less than or equal to 1.

[0040] In one embodiment, the glass compositions described herein include TiO2. In one embodiment, the amount of TiO2 is from about 1 mol% to about 30 mol%. In further embodiments, TiO2 is present at about 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, or 30 mol%, any of which may be the lower or upper limit of a range (e.g., 1 mol% to 15 mol%, 5 mol% to 20 mol%, etc.).

[0041] In one embodiment, the glass compositions described herein include WO3. In one embodiment, the amount of WO3 is from about 1 mol% to about 15 mol%. In further embodiments, WO3 is present at about 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, or 15 mol%, any of which can be the lower and upper limits of the range (e.g., 1 mol% to 5 mol%, 5 mol% to 10 mol%, 10 mol% to 15 mol%, etc.).

[0042] In one embodiment, when the glass composition includes TiO2 and / or WO3, the sum of Nb2O5 and TiO2 and / or WO3 is in an amount between 20 mol% and 50 mol%. In further embodiments, the sum of Nb2O5 and TiO2 and / or WO3 is about 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, or 50 mol%, any of which can be the lower and upper limits of the range (e.g., between 20 mol% and 30 mol%, between 30 mol% and 40 mol%, etc.).

[0043] In one embodiment, the glass composition includes ZnO. In this embodiment, the amount of ZnO is 0.5 mol% to about 20 mol%, or about 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, or 20 mol%, with any value being the lower and upper limit of the range (e.g., 1 mol% to 15 mol%, 5 mol% to 10 mol%, etc.). In one embodiment, the sum of RO, RO, and ZnO is in an amount of 30 mol% to 60 mol%, or about 30, 25, 40, 45, 50, 55, or 60 mol%, with any value being the lower and upper limit of the range (e.g., 30% to 45%, 40% to 55%, etc.).

[0044] In another embodiment, the glass composition includes Al2O3, in which the amount of Al2O3 is greater than 0 mol% and less than or equal to about 5 mol%, or about 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mol%, any of which can be the lower and upper limits of a range (e.g., between 1 mol% and 5 mol%, between 2 mol% and 4 mol%, etc.).

[0045] In another embodiment, the glass composition includes SnO2, in which the amount of SnO2 is greater than 0 mol% and less than or equal to about 2 mol%, or about 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, or 2.0 mol%, any of which may be lower or upper range values ​​(e.g., 0.1 mol% to 2.0 mol%, 0.25 mol% to 1.75 mol%, etc.).

[0046] In one embodiment, the glass compositions described herein further comprise one or more metal oxides selected from the group consisting of Rb2O, Cs2O, CdO, MnO2, Y2O3, La2O3, HfO2, Ta2O5, ZrO2, Ga2O3, SiO2, GeO2, Sb2O3, Bi2O3, and combinations thereof. In another embodiment, the glass compositions comprise one, two, three, or four metal oxides from the above list. In a particular embodiment, the glass compositions described herein do not comprise SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, TiO2, or any combination thereof. In another embodiment, the glass compositions described herein do not comprise B2O3.

[0047] In one embodiment, the first glass composition comprises: (a) P2O5 in an amount between 15 mol% and 40 mol%; (b) Nb2O5 in an amount between 10 mol% and 50 mol%; (c) an alkali metal oxide (RO) in an amount between 1 mol% and 35 mol%; and (d) at least two alkaline earth metal oxides (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol% in total; Including, The glass composition is free of ZnO and B2O3.

[0048] In one embodiment, for the first glass composition described above, the amount of P2O5 is 25 mol% to 35 mol%; the amount of Nb2O5 is 20 mol% to 35 mol%; the amount of RO is 10 mol% to 35 mol% and the amount of RO is 20 mol% to 40 mol%. In a further embodiment, the first glass composition comprises WO3 in an amount of about 1 mol% to about 15 mol% and / or TiO2 in an amount of about 1 mol% to about 20 mol%, where the sum of Nb2O5, TiO2 and / or WO3 is in an amount of 20 mol% to 40 mol%.

[0049] In one embodiment, for the first glass composition, R2O is Na2O in an amount of 1 mol% to 15 mol%, Li2O in an amount of 1 mol% to 15 mol%, and K2O in an amount of 1 mol% to 10 mol%, BaO is in an amount of 1 mol% to 25 mol%, CaO is in an amount of 1 mol% to 25 mol%, and SrO is in an amount of 1 mol% to 25 mol%.

[0050] In one embodiment, the second glass composition comprises: (a) P2O5 in an amount between 15 mol% and 40 mol%; (b) Nb2O5 in an amount between 10 mol% and 50 mol%; (c) at least one alkali metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 35 mol% Including, The glass composition does not contain ZnO, B2O3, or alkaline earth metal oxides (RO).

[0051] In one embodiment, with respect to the second glass composition described above, Nb2O5 is in an amount of 30 mol% to 40 mol%, and TiO2 is in an amount of 5 mol% to 15 mol%, P2O5 is in an amount of 20 mol% to 30 mol%, and R2O is Na2O in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol%, Li2O in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol%, K2O in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol%, or any combination thereof of R2O.

[0052] In one embodiment, the third glass composition comprises: (a) P2O5 in an amount between 15 mol% and 40 mol%; (b) Nb2O5 in an amount between 10 mol% and 50 mol%; (c) at least one alkaline earth metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol%; Including, The glass composition does not contain ZnO, B2O3, or alkali metal oxides (R2O).

[0053] In one embodiment, with respect to the third glass composition, Nb2O5 is in an amount of 30 mol% to 40 mol%, TiO2 is in an amount of 5 mol% to 15 mol%, P2O5 is in an amount of 20 mol% to 30 mol%, BaO is in an amount of 5 mol% to 20 mol%, CaO is in an amount of 1 mol% to 10 mol%, and SrO is in an amount of 5 mol% to 20 mol%.

[0054] In one embodiment, the fourth glass composition comprises: (a) P2O5 in an amount between 20 mol% and 40 mol%; (b) Nb2O5 in an amount between 10 mol% and 50 mol%; (c) an alkali metal oxide (RO) in an amount between 1 mol% and 35 mol%; (d) an alkaline earth metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol%; Including, The glass composition does not contain B2O3.

[0055] In one embodiment, with respect to the fourth glass composition, P2O5 is in an amount of 25 mol% to 35 mol%; Nb2O5 is in an amount of 20 mol% to 35 mol%; ZnO is in an amount of 5 mol% to 25 mol%; R2O is in an amount of 10 mol% to 35 mol% and RO is in an amount of 20 mol% to 40 mol%. In a further embodiment, the fourth glass composition comprises WO3 in an amount of about 1 mol% to about 15 mol% and / or TiO2 in an amount of about 1 mol% to about 20 mol%, where the sum of Nb2O5, TiO2 and / or WO3 is in an amount of 20 mol% to 40 mol%.

[0056] In one embodiment, the fifth glass composition comprises: (a) P2O5 in an amount between 20 mol% and 40 mol%; (b) Nb2O5 in an amount between 10 mol% and 50 mol%; and (c) at least one alkali metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 35 mol% Including, The glass composition does not contain B2O3 or alkaline earth metal oxides (RO).

[0057] In one embodiment, with respect to the fifth glass composition above, Nb2O5 is in an amount of 30 mol% to 40 mol%, TiO2 is in an amount of 5 mol% to 15 mol%, P2O5 is in an amount of 20 mol% to 35 mol%, ZnO is in an amount of 1 mol% to 15 mol%, and R2O is in an amount of 1 mol% to 35 mol%, where R2O is Na2O, Li2O, KO, or any combination thereof.

[0058] In one embodiment, the sixth glass composition comprises: (a) P2O5 in an amount between 20 mol% and 40 mol%; (b) Nb2O5 in an amount between 10 mol% and 50 mol%; and (c) at least one alkaline earth metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol%; Including, The glass composition does not contain B2O3 or alkali metal oxides (R2O).

[0059] In one embodiment, with respect to the sixth glass composition, Nb2O5 is in an amount of 30 mol% to 40 mol%, TiO2 is in an amount of 5 mol% to 15 mol%, PO5 is in an amount of 20 mol% to 35 mol%, ZnO is in an amount of 1 mol% to 15 mol%, and RO is in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol%, where RO is BaO, CaO, SrO, or any combination thereof.

[0060] The glass compositions described herein can be prepared using techniques known in the art. In one embodiment, the glass compositions disclosed herein can be prepared by melt quenching. In one embodiment, P2O5 can be added as phosphoric acid (H3PO4) in combination with additional glass forming components. Furthermore, in this embodiment, if phosphoric acid is added, the batch materials can be calcined at 350-400°C prior to melting. In another embodiment, P2O5 can be added as anhydrous phosphorus pentoxide. In one embodiment, the batch materials are melted at 900°C-1,300°C. In another embodiment, the batch materials are melted in a platinum crucible.

[0061] The glass compositions described herein have refractive indices suitable for use in optical articles. In one embodiment, the glass compositions have a refractive index of at least 1.75 at 587.6 nm (D line) at 25° C., or a refractive index of about 1.75, 1.80, 1.85, 1.90, 1.95, or 2.00 at 587.6 nm at 25° C., with any value being the lower and upper limits of the range (e.g., 1.75-1.95, 1.90-2.00, etc.).

[0062] The glass compositions described herein have a density suitable for use in optical articles. The density is sufficiently low so that they can be used in virtual or augmented reality headsets and other optical articles. In one embodiment, the glass composition has a density of 4.0 g / cm 3 Density below 3.5g / cm 3 , 3.6g / cm 3 , 3.7g / cm 3 , 3.8g / cm 3 , 3.9g / cm 3 , or 4.0 g / cm3 and any value can be the lower and upper limits of the range (e.g., 3.5 g / cm 3 ~3.9g / cm 3 , 3.75g / cm 3 ~4.0g / cm 3 etc.).

[0063] The glass compositions described herein have a glass thermal stability index that allows for the manufacture of optical articles using many different glass manufacturing techniques. Without wishing to be bound by theory, the higher the glass thermal stability index, the larger the window that exists for glass processing and the lower the likelihood of devitrification. In one embodiment, the glass composition has a glass thermal stability index of 200°C or more, 225°C or more, or 200°C, 210°C, 220°C, 230°C, 240°C, 250°C, 260°C, 270°C, 280°C, 290°C, or 300°C, with any value being the lower and upper limit of the range (e.g., 200°C to 300°C, 220°C to 270°C, etc.).

[0064] In certain embodiments, the glass composition does not crystallize when heated at a rate of 10° C. / min, which is typically utilized for characterization by differential scanning calorimetry. x There is no value for , and the glass composition does not have a glass thermal stability index as defined herein. For these glass compositions, they are desirable from the standpoint of forming properties, especially when the forming technique used requires a reheating step.

[0065] In one embodiment, the glass compositions described herein have an Abbe number of at least 20, or from 20 to 40. In another embodiment, the Abbe number is about 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, or 40, any of which can be the lower and upper limits of a range (e.g., 25-35, 30-40, etc.).

[0066] In one embodiment, the glass compositions disclosed herein have an annealing point of about 450° C. to about 750° C. In another embodiment, the annealing point of the glass composition is about 450, 475, 500, 525, 550, 575, 600, 625, 650, 675, 700, 725, or 750° C., any of which can be the lower or upper limit of the range (e.g., 450° C. to 700° C., 500-650° C., 600° C. to 700° C., 650-750° C., etc.).

[0067] In one embodiment, the glass compositions described herein have a coefficient of thermal expansion of about 6.0 ppm / ° C. to about 12.0 ppm / ° C. at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 300° C. In one embodiment, the coefficient of thermal expansion is about 7.5, 8, 8.5, 9, 9.5, 10, 10.5, or 11 ppm / ° C., any value can be the lower or upper limit of the range (e.g., 8-10 ppm / ° C., 8.5-10.5 ppm / ° C., etc.).

[0068] In one embodiment, the glass composition has a softening point, as determined by ASTM C1351M, between 575° C. and 850° C. In another embodiment, the glass composition has a softening point of about 575, 600, 625, 650, 675, 700, 725, 750, 775, 800, 825, or 850° C., any of which can be the lower or upper limit of a range (e.g., between 600° C. and 700° C., between 650 and 750° C., etc.).

[0069] In one embodiment, the glass composition has an internal liquidus temperature of 875° C. to 1,200° C. In another embodiment, the internal liquidus temperature of the glass composition is about 875, 900, 925, 950, 975, 1,000, 1,025, 1,050, 1,075, 1,100, 1,125, 1,150, or 1,200° C., any value can be the lower or upper limit of the range (e.g., 900° C. to 1,100° C., 1,000 to 1,150° C., etc.).

[0070] In one embodiment, the glass composition has a Young's modulus of 50 GPa to 110 GPa, in another embodiment, the glass composition has a Young's modulus of about 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, or 110 GPa, any value being the lower or upper limit of the range (e.g., 60-80 GPa, 70-90 GPa, etc.).

[0071] In another aspect, the color of the glass composition can be controlled. Without wishing to be bound by theory, oxidation of multivalent transition metal cations during glass manufacture can discolor the final glass composition. Depending on the valence state of the transition metals, the color of glass compositions containing Nb, Ti, and W can vary from light yellow, dark brown to deep blue. In one aspect, the discoloration of the glass composition occurs when the glass composition is heated to a temperature above the glass transition temperature (T g This can be achieved by heating the glass composition at or near the glass transition temperature. In one embodiment, the glass composition is heated in air or under an oxygen atmosphere at a temperature 120° C. above the glass transition temperature for 10 to 1440 minutes. The heat treatment does not adversely affect the transmittance of the glass, and as shown in the examples, the transmittance and refractive index of the glass composition can be improved by the heat treatment.

[0072] In another embodiment, components such as CeO2 can be added during glass formation to reduce discoloration of the glass composition. In one embodiment, the amount of CeO2 that can be used is 0.001 mol% to 2 mol%. As shown in the examples, the transmittance of the glass and the refractive index of the glass can be improved by the addition of CeO2.

[0073] In one embodiment, the glass compositions described herein are sufficiently stable that they can be cast into large shapes, about 1 cm thick, and cooled into a glass without devitrification.

[0074] In one aspect, the glass compositions disclosed herein exhibit chemical durability comparable to silicate compositions having similar refractive index. In another aspect, typical phosphate glasses corrode under high moisture / humidity conditions, whereas the glasses disclosed herein do not degrade in such a manner. In another aspect, the glass compositions disclosed herein have low dispersion in addition to a high refractive index.

[0075] In one embodiment, the glass compositions described herein can be used to manufacture optical articles. In one embodiment, the optical articles are transparent. In another embodiment, the glasses provided herein can be strongly colored when formed by conventional melting in air, but this color can be removed. In one embodiment, the color is due to the T of the glass composition. g In another embodiment, the color is removed by adding an oxidizing agent, such as CeO2.

[0076] In another aspect, the glass compositions can be processed by various techniques into powders, fibers, beads, sheets, or three-dimensional scaffolds or shapes. Glasses with desired properties and morphology can be used for their applications in optical displays, augmented or virtual reality devices, nonlinear photonic materials, sealing glasses, encapsulating glasses for optical objects, battery separators, optical amplification devices, and waveguide devices. EXAMPLES

[0077] The following examples are presented to provide those of ordinary skill in the art with a complete disclosure and description of how the compounds, compositions, and methods described and claimed herein are made and evaluated, are intended to be purely illustrative, and are not intended to limit the scope of the discoveries disclosed herein. Efforts have been made to ensure accuracy with respect to numbers (e.g., amounts, temperatures, etc.), but some errors and deviations should be accounted for. Unless otherwise indicated, parts are parts by weight, temperatures are in °C or are at ambient temperature, and pressures are at or near atmospheric pressure. Various variations and combinations of reaction conditions (e.g., component concentrations, desired solvents, solvent mixtures, temperatures, pressures, and other reaction ranges and conditions) can be used to optimize the purity and yield of products obtained from the described processes. Such optimization of process conditions requires only reasonable and routine experimentation.

[0078] Example 1: Preparation of glass composition The glass compositions were prepared by standard melt quenching techniques from batches of metal oxide, carbonate, and phosphate compound powders. P2O5 was added to the batch as a phosphate compound, e.g., lithium phosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, potassium phosphate, calcium phosphate, barium phosphate, and / or phosphoric acid (H3PO4). The addition of the phosphate required calcining the batch at 350-400°C before melting in platinum crucibles in air at 900-1,300°C for 2-4 hours. Once formed, the glasses were melted in air at annealing temperatures or glass transition temperatures (T g ) for about 2 hours and then quenched to reduce internal stresses. The glass composition was not subsequently remelted. The glass composition was not subsequently cleaned or subjected to any post-fabrication treatment. Following annealing, the coefficient of thermal expansion, T g The properties such as refractive index and density were determined.

[0079] Example 2: Sample glass compositions and characterization Several glass compositions were prepared, the properties of which are shown in Tables 1-9, with the amounts of each component expressed in mole percent.

[0080] The following parameters in the table below are defined as follows: Density: Density was measured according to ASTM C693.

[0081] Refractive index (RI) and Abbe number (V d ) RI was measured using a Metricon Model 2010 Prism Coupler instrument. RI measurements were made with the Metricon Model 2010 Prism Coupler at wavelengths of 406 nm, 473 nm, 532 nm, 633 nm, 790 nm, and 981 nm using various laser sources. The Metricon Model 2010 Prism Coupler operates as a fully automated refractometer and can measure the refractive index of bulk materials and / or films. The refractive index of bulk materials, such as the glass samples provided, is measured with the Metricon Model 2010 Prism Coupler. The measured refractive index results were fitted to Cauchy or Sellmeier dispersion equations to determine the constants. The refractive index of optical glasses is specified herein at a wavelength of 587.6 nm and is shown in the table below as R d The refractive index is measured at different wavelengths and is designated n519, n532, n633, etc., with the number indicating the wavelength in nanometers. The fitted refractive index dispersion values ​​are used to calculate the V for each glass composition. D The Abbe number was calculated.

[0082] Strain point and annealing point. The beam bending viscosity method is 10 vs. temperature. 12 ~10 14 It measures the viscosity of inorganic glasses in poise, from which estimates of the strain point and annealing point of the glass are obtained in accordance with ASTM C598.

[0083] Softening point. The parallel plate viscosity method is 10 7 ~10 9 It measures viscosity in poise, which provides an estimate of the "normal softening point" of the glass. The method is similar to ASTM C1351M.

[0084] Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE). The dilatometer method was used to determine the average linear coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of glasses according to ASTM E228.

[0085] Glass transition temperature (T g ) and crystallization onset temperature (T x ). T g and T x was measured by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) at a ramp rate of 10°C / min up to 1000°C. Samples were ground with a mortar and pestle. Approximately 30 mg was used for the analysis. Samples were weighed using a microbalance and placed in a Netzsch DSC 404 F1 Pegasus instrument for analysis. The atmosphere was evacuated and back-filled with argon to provide an inert atmosphere.

[0086] Liquidus temperature. The liquidus temperature was measured by the gradient furnace method. This method complies with the ASTM C829-81 standard for the measurement of the liquidus temperature of glass.

[0087] Poisson's ratio, shear modulus, and Young's modulus. Young's modulus, shear modulus, and Poisson's ratio were measured by resonant ultrasonic spectroscopy. The instrument model was a Magnaflux Quasar RUSpec4000.

[0088] To evaluate the chemical durability of each glass, the following procedures were used for Advanced Optics (AO) and Nanostrip 2X testing, the results of which are shown in the table below.

[0089] To evaluate the chemical durability of the glass composition, an Advanced Optics (AO) test was performed. The AO test is usually performed in the evaluation of optical glasses. Each glass sample (25 mm × 25 mm × 1 mm, surface polished) was etched in 10% by weight HCl at 25°C for 10 minutes. The surface area to volume ratio used in this test was 0.33 cm -1 After etching for 10 min, the samples were quenched in deionized water, rinsed with 18 MΩ water, dried with high purity nitrogen gas, and left in a desiccator overnight. Surface area (mg / cm 2or mg / mm 2 The weight loss and weight loss rate (mass%) normalized to the weight loss ratio (mass%) were calculated.

[0090] Nanostrip 2X test. Dried samples were submerged in 600 ml of Nanostrip 2X solution (Capitol Scientific, 85% H2SO4 and <1% H2O2) at 70°C for 50 minutes with stirring at 400 rpm. The surface area to volume ratio used in this test was 0.08 cm -1 After 50 min, the sample was quenched in deionized water, rinsed with 18 MΩ water, dried with high purity nitrogen gas, and left in a desiccator overnight. Surface area (mg / cm 2 ) and the percentage of weight loss (mass %) were calculated.

[0091] In the compositions presented in the tables below, due to manufacturing variability, the compositions may have slight deviations of ±5% of the specified components. For example, if 30.0 mol% P2O5 is listed, the composition may contain 28.5-31.5 mol% P2O5, or if 5.0 mol% Li2O is listed, the composition may contain 4.75-5.25 mol% Li2O. The properties in the tables below (e.g., density, strain point, softening point, etc.) were measured. These are reported as the midpoint of the range (i.e., for compositions containing 30.0 mol% P2O5 or 5.0 mol% Li2O in the examples above).

[0092] [Table 1]

[0093] [Table 2]

[0094] [Table 3]

[0095] [Table 4]

[0096] [Table 5]

[0097] [Table 6]

[0098] [Table 7]

[0099] [Table 8]

[0100] [Table 9]

[0101] [Table 10]

[0102] [Table 11]

[0103] [Table 12]

[0104] [Table 13]

[0105] Example 3: Glass composition with refractive index greater than 1.8 Glass compositions disclosed herein having a refractive index greater than 1.8 are presented in Tables 14 through 21 along with selected properties. Abbreviations representing properties not already described in Example 2 are summarized below:

[0106] [Table 14]

[0107] [Table 15]

[0108] [Table 16]

[0109] [Table 17]

[0110] [Table 18]

[0111] [Table 19]

[0112] [Table 20]

[0113] [Table 21]

[0114] Glass compositions disclosed herein having a refractive index greater than 1.8 are presented along with selected properties in Tables 22 through 25. Abbreviations representing properties not previously described herein are summarized below:

[0115] [Table 22-1]

[0116] [Table 22-2]

[0117] [Table 23]

[0118] [Table 24]

[0119] [Table 25]

[0120] Example 4: Controlling the color of glass To control the color of the glass composition, two different approaches were explored.

[0121] In one experiment, glass composition 116 (Table 13) was heated at 660° C. for 0.5 and 1 hour with an oxygen purge (FIG. 1A), and at 640° C. in air for 1 hour (FIG. 1B). Heat treatment under both conditions bleached the glass and improved the transmittance in the 350-500 μm range, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B.

[0122] In another experiment, glass composition 4 (Table 1) was heated at 660° C. for 16 hours with an oxygen purge. As shown in FIG. 2, the glass composition heated under oxygen increased the refractive index of the glass compared to the same glass that was not heated under oxygen.

[0123] In another experiment, CeO2 was added to some of the glass compositions produced herein to modify the color of the glass (Table 26). Glass composition 4 did not contain CeO2 and was used as a control. Glass compositions 118-120 contained 0.01 mol % to 1 mol % CeO2. In general, the glass compositions prepared with CeO2 had higher refractive indices (FIG. 3A) and percent transmittances (FIG. 3B) compared to glass composition 4.

[0124] [Table 26]

[0125] Section 1 of this disclosure covers: 1. A glass composition comprising: (a) P2O5 in an amount between 15 mol% and 40 mol%; (b) Nb2O5 in an amount between 10 mol% and 50 mol%; and (i) to (iii) of the following: (i) an alkali metal oxide (RO) in an amount between 1 mol % and 35 mol %; At least two alkaline earth metal oxides (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol% in total, and The glass composition does not contain ZnO and B2O3; (ii) at least one alkali metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol % to 35 mol %, and the glass composition does not contain ZnO, B2O3, or alkaline earth metal oxides (RO); or (iii) at least one alkaline earth metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol%, and The glass composition does not contain ZnO, B2O3, or alkali metal oxides (R2O). The glass composition comprising one of:

[0126] Section 2 of this disclosure covers: The composition comprises: alkali metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 35 mol%; At least two alkaline earth metal oxides (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol% in total Including, The glass composition does not contain ZnO and B2O3; 2. The glass composition according to claim 1.

[0127] Section 3 of this disclosure covers: 3. The glass composition according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of (R2O+RO) / P2O5 is 1 or more.

[0128] Section 4 of this disclosure covers: 3. The glass composition according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of (R2O+RO) / P2O5 is 1 or less.

[0129] Section 5 of this disclosure covers: 3. The glass composition according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of R2O / (R2O+RO) is greater than 0.25.

[0130] Section 6 of this disclosure covers: 6. The glass composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein P2O5 is present in an amount of 15 mol % to 30 mol %.

[0131] Section 7 of this disclosure covers: 7. The glass composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein Nb2O5 is present in an amount of 15 mol % to 30 mol %.

[0132] Section 8 of this disclosure covers: 8. The glass composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein P2O5 is present in an amount of 20 mol % to 30 mol %.

[0133] Section 9 of this disclosure covers: 9. The glass composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein Nb2O5 is present in an amount of 20 mol % to 30 mol %.

[0134] Section 10 of this disclosure covers: 10. The glass composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein R2O is Na2O, Li2O, K2O, or any combination thereof.

[0135] Section 11 of this disclosure covers: 11. The glass composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein R2O contains Na2O in an amount of 1 mol % to 35 mol %.

[0136] Section 12 of this disclosure covers: 12. The glass composition according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein R2O contains Li2O in an amount of 1 mol % to 15 mol %.

[0137] Section 13 of this disclosure covers: 13. The glass composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein R2O contains K2O in an amount of 1 mol % to 10 mol %.

[0138] Section 14 of this disclosure covers: 14. The glass composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein R2O comprises Na2O in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%, Li2O in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%, K2O in an amount between 1 mol% and 10 mol%, or any combination thereof.

[0139] Section 15 of this disclosure covers: 15. The glass composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein RO comprises BaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol% and CaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol%.

[0140] Section 16 of this disclosure covers: 16. The glass composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein RO comprises BaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol% and MgO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol%.

[0141] Section 17 of this disclosure covers: 17. The glass composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein RO comprises BaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol%, CaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol%, SrO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol%, or any combination thereof.

[0142] Section 18 of this disclosure covers: 18. The glass composition according to any one of items 1 to 17, wherein RO comprises NaO in an amount of 1 mol% to 15 mol%, LiO in an amount of 1 mol% to 15 mol%, and KO in an amount of 1 mol% to 10 mol%, and RO comprises BaO in an amount of 1 mol% to 25 mol%, CaO in an amount of 1 mol% to 25 mol%, and SrO in an amount of 1 mol% to 25 mol%.

[0143] Section 19 of this disclosure covers: 19. The glass composition according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the composition further comprises TiO2 and / or WO3, wherein the sum of the amount of Nb2O5, the amount of TiO2, and / or the amount of WO3, or any combination thereof, is between 20 mol% and 50 mol%.

[0144] Section 20 of this disclosure covers: 20. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 19, wherein the composition further comprises TiO2 in an amount between 1 mol% and 30 mol%.

[0145] Section 21 of this disclosure covers: 21. The glass composition according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the composition further comprises WO3 in an amount of 1 mol% to 15 mol%.

[0146] Section 22 of this disclosure covers: 22. The glass composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further comprises Al2O3 in an amount between 1 mol% and 5 mol%.

[0147] Section 23 of this disclosure covers: 23. The glass composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further comprises CeO2 in an amount between 0.001 mol% and 1.0 mol%.

[0148] Section 24 of this disclosure covers: 24. The glass composition of any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the glass composition does not comprise SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, TiO2, or any combination thereof.

[0149] Section 25 of this disclosure covers: 25. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 24, wherein the glass composition comprises Nb2O5 in an amount between 15 mol% and 25 mol% and TiO2 in an amount between 15 mol% and 25 mol%.

[0150] Section 26 of this disclosure covers: 26. The glass composition according to any one of items 1 to 25, wherein the total content of Nb2O5 and TiO2 is 40 mol % to 50 mol %.

[0151] Section 27 of this disclosure covers: 27. The glass composition according to any one of claims 1 to 26, wherein the glass composition comprises Nb2O5 in an amount between 15 mol% and 25 mol%, TiO2 in an amount between 15 mol% and 25 mol%, and P2O5 in an amount between 20 mol% and 30 mol%.

[0152] Section 28 of this disclosure covers: 28. The glass composition according to any one of items 1 to 27, wherein the sum of Nb2O5 and TiO2 is 40 mol % to 50 mol %.

[0153] Section 29 of this disclosure covers: The composition comprises: At least one alkali metal oxide (RO) in an amount between 5 mol% and 35 mol% Including, The glass composition does not contain ZnO, B2O3, or alkaline earth metal oxides (RO); 2. The glass composition according to claim 1.

[0154] Section 30 of this disclosure covers: 30. The glass composition according to item 29, wherein the molar ratio of R2O / P2O5 is 1 or more.

[0155] Section 31 of this disclosure covers: 30. The glass composition according to item 29, wherein the molar ratio of R2O / P2O5 is 1 or less.

[0156] Section 32 of this disclosure covers: 32. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 29 to 31, wherein the glass composition comprises Nb2O5 in an amount between 30 mol% and 40 mol% and TiO2 in an amount between 5 mol% and 15 mol%.

[0157] Section 33 of this disclosure covers: 33. The glass composition according to any one of items 29 to 32, wherein the sum of Nb2O5 and TiO2 is 40 mol % to 50 mol %.

[0158] Section 34 of this disclosure covers: 34. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 29 to 33, wherein the glass composition comprises Nb2O5 in an amount between 30 mol% and 40 mol% and TiO2 in an amount between 5 mol% and 15 mol%, and P2O5 in an amount between 20 mol% and 30 mol%.

[0159] Section 35 of this disclosure covers: 35. The glass composition according to any one of items 29 to 34, wherein the sum of Nb2O5 and TiO2 is 40 mol % to 50 mol %.

[0160] Section 36 of this disclosure covers: 36. The glass composition according to any one of claims 29 to 35, wherein R2O is Na2O, Li2O, K2O, or any combination thereof.

[0161] Section 37 of this disclosure covers: 37. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 29 to 36, wherein R2O comprises Na2O in an amount between 5 mol% and 40 mol%, Li2O in an amount between 5 mol% and 40 mol%, K2O in an amount between 5 mol% and 40 mol%, or any combination thereof.

[0162] Section 38 of this disclosure covers: 38. The glass composition of any one of clauses 29 to 37, wherein the glass composition comprises Nb2O5 in an amount between 30 mol% and 40 mol% and TiO2 in an amount between 5 mol% and 15 mol%, P2O5 in an amount between 20 mol% and 30 mol%, wherein R2O comprises Na2O in an amount between 5 mol% and 40 mol%, Li2O in an amount between 5 mol% and 40 mol%, K2O in an amount between 5 mol% and 40 mol%, or any combination thereof.

[0163] Section 39 of this disclosure extends to: Item 39. The glass composition according to any one of items 29 to 38, wherein the composition further comprises WO3 in an amount of 1 mol% to 15 mol%.

[0164] Section 40 of this disclosure covers: The composition comprises: At least one alkaline earth metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol% Including, The glass composition does not contain ZnO, B2O3, or alkali metal oxides (R2O); 2. The glass composition according to claim 1.

[0165] Section 41 of this disclosure extends to: 41. The glass composition according to item 40, wherein the molar ratio of RO / P2O5 is 1 or more.

[0166] Section 42 of this disclosure covers: 41. The glass composition according to item 40, wherein the molar ratio of RO / P2O5 is less than or equal to 1.

[0167] Section 43 of this disclosure covers: 43. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 40 to 42, wherein the glass composition comprises Nb2O5 in an amount between 30 mol% and 40 mol% and TiO2 in an amount between 5 mol% and 15 mol%.

[0168] Section 44 of this disclosure covers: 44. The glass composition according to any one of items 40 to 43, wherein the sum of Nb2O5 and TiO2 is 40 mol % to 50 mol %.

[0169] Section 45 of this disclosure covers: 45. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 40 to 44, wherein the glass composition comprises Nb2O5 in an amount between 30 mol% and 40 mol%, TiO2 in an amount between 5 mol% and 15 mol%, and P2O5 in an amount between 20 mol% and 30 mol%.

[0170] Section 46 of this disclosure extends to: 46. ​​The glass composition according to any one of items 40 to 45, wherein the sum of Nb2O5 and TiO2 is 40 mol % to 50 mol %.

[0171] Section 47 of this disclosure covers: 47. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 40 to 46, wherein RO comprises BaO, CaO, SrO or any combination thereof.

[0172] Section 48 of this disclosure covers: 48. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 40 to 47, wherein RO comprises BaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol%, CaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol%, SrO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol%, or any combination thereof.

[0173] Section 49 of this disclosure extends to: Item 49. The glass composition of any one of items 40 to 48, wherein the glass composition comprises Nb2O5 in an amount between 30 mol% and 40 mol%, TiO2 in an amount between 5 mol% and 15 mol%, P2O5 in an amount between 20 mol% and 30 mol%, BaO in an amount between 5 mol% and 20 mol%, CaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 10 mol%, and SrO in an amount between 5 mol% and 20 mol%.

[0174] Section 50 of this disclosure covers: 1. A glass composition comprising: P2O5 in an amount of 20 mol% to 40 mol%; Nb2O5 in an amount between 10 mol% and 50 mol%; ZnO in an amount of 0.5 mol % to 20 mol %; and, (i) an alkali metal oxide (RO) in an amount between 1 mol % and 35 mol %; an alkaline earth metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol%, and The glass composition does not contain B2O3; (ii) at least one alkali metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol % to 35 mol %, and the glass composition does not contain B2O3 or alkaline earth metal oxides (RO); or (iii) at least one alkaline earth metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol%, and The glass composition does not contain B2O3 or alkali metal oxides (R2O). The glass composition comprising one of:

[0175] Section 51 of this disclosure extends to: The composition comprises: Alkali metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 10 mol% to 35 mol%; Alkaline earth metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol% Including, The glass composition does not contain B2O3; 51. The glass composition according to claim 50.

[0176] Section 52 of this disclosure extends to: 52. The glass composition according to item 50 or 51, wherein the total amount of RO, R2O, and ZnO is 30 mol % to 60 mol %.

[0177] Section 53 of this disclosure covers: 52. The glass composition according to claim 50 or 51, wherein the molar ratio of (R2O+RO) / P2O5 is 1 or more.

[0178] Section 54 of this disclosure extends to: 52. The glass composition according to claim 50 or 51, wherein the molar ratio of (R2O+RO) / P2O5 is 1 or less.

[0179] Section 55 of this disclosure covers: 52. The glass composition according to claim 50 or 51, wherein the molar ratio of R2O / (R2O+RO) is greater than 0.25.

[0180] Section 56 of this disclosure extends to: 56. The glass composition according to any one of claims 51 to 55, wherein P2O5 is in an amount of 25 mol% to 35 mol%.

[0181] Section 57 of this disclosure covers: 57. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 51 to 56, wherein Nb2O5 is in an amount of 15 mol% to 30 mol%.

[0182] Section 58 of this disclosure covers: 58. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 51 to 57, wherein R2O is Na2O, Li2O, K2O, or any combination thereof.

[0183] Section 59 of this disclosure extends to: Item 59. The glass composition according to any one of items 51 to 58, wherein R2O comprises Na2O in an amount of 1 mol % to 35 mol %.

[0184] Section 60 of this disclosure covers: 60. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 51 to 59, wherein R2O contains Li2O in an amount of 1 mol % to 15 mol %.

[0185] Section 61 of this disclosure extends to: 61. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 51 to 60, wherein R2O contains K2O in an amount of 1 mol % to 10 mol %.

[0186] Section 62 of this disclosure extends to: Item 62. The glass composition according to any one of items 50 to 61, wherein R2O comprises Na2O in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%, Li2O in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%, and K2O in an amount between 1 mol% and 10 mol%.

[0187] Section 63 of this disclosure extends to: 63. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 51 to 62, wherein RO is CaO, BaO, MgO, SrO, or any combination thereof.

[0188] Section 64 of this disclosure extends to: 64. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 51 to 63, wherein RO comprises BaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol%.

[0189] Section 65 of this disclosure covers: 65. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 51 to 64, wherein RO contains CaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol%.

[0190] Section 66 of this disclosure extends to: 66. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 51 to 65, wherein RO comprises MgO in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%.

[0191] Section 67 of this disclosure extends to: 67. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 51 to 66, wherein RO comprises SrO in an amount between 1 mol% and 30 mol%.

[0192] Section 68 of this disclosure extends to: Item 68. The glass composition according to any one of items 51 to 67, wherein RO comprises BaO in an amount between 1 mol % and 20 mol % and CaO in an amount between 1 mol % and 20 mol %.

[0193] Section 69 of this disclosure extends to: Item 69. The glass composition according to any one of items 51 to 68, wherein RO comprises BaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol%, CaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol%, and SrO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol%.

[0194] Section 70 of this disclosure covers: 70. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 51 to 69, wherein the composition further comprises TiO2 and / or WO3, wherein the sum of the amount of Nb2O5, the amount of TiO2, and / or the amount of WO3, or any combination thereof, is between 20 mol% and 40 mol%.

[0195] Section 71 of this disclosure covers: 71. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 51 to 70, wherein the composition further comprises TiO2 in an amount between 1 mol% and 30 mol%.

[0196] Section 72 of this disclosure covers: 72. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 51 to 71, wherein the composition further comprises WO3 in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%.

[0197] Section 73 of this disclosure covers: 73. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 51 to 72, wherein the composition further comprises Al2O3 in an amount between 1 mol% and 5 mol%.

[0198] Section 74 of this disclosure covers: 74. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 51 to 73, wherein the composition further comprises CeO2 in an amount of 0.001 mol% to 1.0 mol%.

[0199] Section 75 of this disclosure covers: 75. The glass composition of any one of paragraphs 51 to 74, wherein the glass composition does not contain any of SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, or TiO2.

[0200] Section 76 of this disclosure extends to: 76. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 51 to 75, wherein the glass composition comprises Nb2O5 in an amount between 30 mol% and 40 mol%, TiO2 in an amount between 5 mol% and 15 mol%, PO5 in an amount between 20 mol% and 35 mol%, ZnO in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%, RO (RO being BaO, CaO, SrO, or any combination thereof) in an amount between 5 mol% and 40 mol%, and RO (RO being Na2O, Li2O, KO, or any combination thereof) in an amount between 1 mol% and 35 mol%.

[0201] Section 77 of this disclosure covers: The composition comprises: At least one alkali metal oxide (RO) in an amount between 5 mol% and 35 mol% Including, The glass composition does not contain B2O3 or alkaline earth metal oxides (RO); 51. The glass composition according to claim 50.

[0202] Section 78 of this disclosure covers: 78. The glass composition according to item 77, wherein P2O5 is in an amount of 25 mol% to 35 mol%.

[0203] Section 79 of this disclosure extends to: 79. The glass composition according to claim 77 or 78, wherein Nb2O5 is in an amount of 15 mol% to 30 mol%.

[0204] Section 80 of this disclosure covers: 80. The glass composition of any one of paragraphs 77 to 79, wherein R2O is Na2O, Li2O, K2O, or any combination thereof.

[0205] Section 81 of this disclosure extends to: 81. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 77 to 80, wherein R2O comprises Na2O in an amount of 1 mol % to 35 mol %.

[0206] Section 82 of this disclosure extends to: 82. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 77 to 81, wherein R2O comprises Li2O in an amount of 1 mol % to 15 mol %.

[0207] Section 83 of this disclosure covers: 83. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 77 to 82, wherein R2O comprises K2O in an amount of 1 mol % to 10 mol %.

[0208] Section 84 of this disclosure extends to: 84. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 77 to 83, wherein the composition further comprises TiO2 in an amount between 1 mol% and 30 mol%.

[0209] Section 85 of this disclosure covers: 85. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 77 to 84, wherein the composition further comprises WO3 in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%.

[0210] Section 86 of this disclosure extends to: 86. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 77 to 85, wherein R2O comprises Na2O in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%, Li2O in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%, and K2O in an amount between 1 mol% and 10 mol%.

[0211] Section 87 of this disclosure covers: 87. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 77 to 86, wherein the molar ratio of R2O to P2O5 is 1 or greater.

[0212] Section 88 of this disclosure covers: 88. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 77 to 87, wherein the molar ratio of R2O to P2O5 is less than or equal to 1.

[0213] Section 89 of this disclosure extends to: 89. The glass composition of any one of paragraphs 77 to 88, wherein the glass composition comprises Nb2O5 in an amount between 30 mol% and 40 mol%, TiO2 in an amount between 5 mol% and 15 mol%, P2O5 in an amount between 20 mol% and 35 mol%, ZnO in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%, and RO in an amount between 1 mol% and 35 mol%, where RO is Na2O, Li2O, KO, or any combination thereof.

[0214] Section 90 of this disclosure covers: The composition comprises: At least one alkaline earth metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol% Including, The glass composition does not contain B2O3 or alkali metal oxides (R2O); 51. The glass composition according to claim 50.

[0215] Section 91 of this disclosure covers: 91. The glass composition according to item 90, wherein P2O5 is in an amount of 25 mol% to 35 mol%.

[0216] Section 92 of this disclosure covers: 92. The glass composition according to claim 90 or 91, wherein Nb2O5 is in an amount of 15 mol% to 30 mol%.

[0217] Section 93 of this disclosure covers: 93. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 90 to 92, wherein RO is CaO, BaO, MgO, SrO, or any combination thereof.

[0218] Section 94 of this disclosure extends to: 94. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 90 to 93, wherein RO comprises BaO in an amount of 1 mol % to 25 mol %.

[0219] Section 95 of this disclosure covers: 95. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 90 to 94, wherein RO comprises CaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol%.

[0220] Section 96 of this disclosure extends to: 96. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 90 to 95, wherein RO comprises MgO in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%.

[0221] Section 97 of this disclosure covers: 97. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 90 to 96, wherein RO comprises SrO in an amount between 1 mol% and 30 mol%.

[0222] Section 98 of this disclosure covers: 98. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 90 to 97, wherein RO comprises BaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol% and CaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol%.

[0223] Section 99 of this disclosure covers: 99. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 90 to 98, wherein RO comprises BaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol%, CaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol%, and SrO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol%.

[0224] Section 100 of this disclosure extends to: 99. The glass composition of any one of paragraphs 90 to 99, wherein the composition further comprises TiO2 in an amount between 1 mol% and 30 mol%.

[0225] Section 101 of this disclosure extends to: 101. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 90 to 100, wherein the composition further comprises WO3 in an amount of 1 mol% to 15 mol%.

[0226] Section 102 of this disclosure extends to: 102. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 90 to 101, wherein the molar ratio of RO to P2O5 is 1 or more.

[0227] Section 103 of this disclosure covers: 102. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 90 to 101, wherein the molar ratio of RO to P2O5 is less than or equal to 1.

[0228] Section 104 of this disclosure extends to: Item 104. The glass composition according to any one of items 90 to 103, wherein the glass composition comprises Nb2O5 in an amount between 30 mol% and 40 mol%, TiO2 in an amount between 5 mol% and 15 mol%, P2O5 in an amount between 20 mol% and 35 mol%, ZnO in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%, and RO in an amount between 5 mol% and 40 mol%, wherein RO is BaO, CaO, SrO, or any combination thereof.

[0229] Section 105 of this disclosure covers: 105. The glass composition of any one of the preceding paragraphs, wherein the glass composition has a glass thermal stability index of 200° C. or greater.

[0230] Section 106 of this disclosure extends to: 15. The glass composition of any one of the preceding paragraphs, wherein the glass composition has a glass thermal stability index of 225° C. or greater.

[0231] Section 107 of this disclosure extends to: 15. The glass composition of any one of paragraphs 1 to 104, wherein the glass composition has a glass thermal stability index of less than zero.

[0232] Section 108 of this disclosure extends to: 105. The glass composition of any one of the preceding paragraphs, wherein the glass composition has a refractive index at 25° C. and 588 nm of at least 1.70.

[0233] Section 109 of this disclosure extends to: 105. The glass composition of any one of the preceding paragraphs, wherein the glass composition has a refractive index at 25° C. and 588 nm of at least 1.75.

[0234] Section 110 of this disclosure extends to: 15. The glass composition according to any one of items 1 to 104, wherein the glass composition has a refractive index of 1.70 to 2.00 at 25° C. and 588 nm.

[0235] Section 111 of this disclosure covers: The glass composition is 4 g / cm 3 15. The glass composition according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, having a density of:

[0236] Section 112 of this disclosure extends to: 105. The glass composition of any one of the preceding paragraphs, wherein the glass composition has an Abbe number of at least 20.

[0237] Section 113 of this disclosure covers: 15. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 104, wherein the glass composition has an Abbe number of 20-40.

[0238] Section 114 of this disclosure extends to: Item 105. The glass composition according to any one of items 1 to 104, wherein the glass composition has a thermal expansion coefficient of 6.0 ppm / °C to 12 ppm / °C.

[0239] Section 115 of this disclosure covers: 15. The glass composition according to any one of items 1 to 104, wherein the glass composition has an annealing point of 450°C to 750°C.

[0240] Section 116 of this disclosure extends to: 15. The glass composition according to any one of items 1 to 104, having a softening point of 575°C to 850°C.

[0241] Section 117 of this disclosure extends to: 15. The glass composition according to any one of items 1 to 104, wherein the glass composition has an internal liquidus temperature of 875°C to 1,200°C.

[0242] Section 118 of this disclosure extends to: 15. The glass composition according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 104, wherein the glass composition has a Young's modulus of 50 GPa to 110 GPa.

[0243] Section 119 of this disclosure extends to: 105. The glass composition of any one of the preceding paragraphs, wherein the glass composition is a glass sheet, powder, bead, fiber, or three-dimensional scaffold.

[0244] 15. An optical article comprising the glass composition according to any one of claims 1 to 104.

[0245] Throughout this publication, various publications are referenced. The disclosures of these publications in their entireties are hereby incorporated by reference into this application in order to more fully describe the methods, compositions, and compounds herein.

[0246] Various modifications and variations can be made to the materials, methods, and articles described herein. Other aspects of the materials, methods, and articles described herein will be apparent from consideration of the specification and practice of the materials, methods, and articles disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as illustrative.

[0247] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail.

[0248] EMBODIMENT 1 1. A glass composition comprising: (a) P2O5 in an amount between 15 mol% and 40 mol%; (b) Nb2O5 in an amount between 10 mol% and 50 mol%; and (i) to (iii) of the following: (i) an alkali metal oxide (RO) in an amount between 1 mol % and 35 mol %; At least two alkaline earth metal oxides (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol% in total, and The glass composition does not contain ZnO and B2O3; (ii) at least one alkali metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol % to 35 mol %, and the glass composition does not contain ZnO, B2O3, or alkaline earth metal oxides (RO); or (iii) at least one alkaline earth metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol%, and The glass composition does not contain ZnO, B2O3, or alkali metal oxides (R2O). The glass composition comprising one of:

[0249] EMBODIMENT 2 The composition, alkali metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 35 mol%; At least two alkaline earth metal oxides (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol% in total and The glass composition does not contain ZnO and B2O3. 2. The glass composition of embodiment 1.

[0250] EMBODIMENT 3 3. The glass composition according to embodiment 2, wherein the molar ratio of (R2O+RO) / P2O5 is 1 or more.

[0251] EMBODIMENT 4 3. The glass composition according to embodiment 2, wherein the molar ratio of (R2O+RO) / P2O5 is less than or equal to 1.

[0252] EMBODIMENT 5 3. The glass composition of embodiment 2, wherein the molar ratio of RO / (RO+RO) is greater than 0.25.

[0253] EMBODIMENT 6 3. The glass composition according to embodiment 2, wherein P2O5 is in an amount of 15 mol % to 30 mol %.

[0254] EMBODIMENT 7 3. The glass composition according to embodiment 2, wherein Nb2O5 is in an amount of 15 mol% to 30 mol%.

[0255] EMBODIMENT 8 3. The glass composition according to embodiment 2, wherein P2O5 is in an amount of 20 mol % to 30 mol %.

[0256] EMBODIMENT 9 3. The glass composition according to embodiment 2, wherein Nb2O5 is in an amount of 20 mol% to 30 mol%.

[0257] EMBODIMENT 10 3. The glass composition of embodiment 2, wherein R2O is Na2O, Li2O, K2O, or any combination thereof.

[0258] EMBODIMENT 11 3. The glass composition of embodiment 2, wherein R2O comprises Na2O in an amount between 1 mol % and 35 mol %.

[0259] EMBODIMENT 12 3. The glass composition of embodiment 2, wherein R2O comprises Li2O in an amount of 1 mol % to 15 mol %.

[0260] EMBODIMENT 13 3. The glass composition of embodiment 2, wherein R2O comprises K2O in an amount between 1 mol % and 10 mol %.

[0261] EMBODIMENT 14 3. The glass composition of embodiment 2, wherein R2O comprises Na2O in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%, Li2O in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%, K2O in an amount between 1 mol% and 10 mol%, or any combination thereof.

[0262] EMBODIMENT 15 3. The glass composition according to embodiment 2, wherein RO comprises BaO in an amount between 1 mol % and 25 mol % and CaO in an amount between 1 mol % and 25 mol %.

[0263] EMBODIMENT 16 3. The glass composition according to embodiment 2, wherein RO comprises BaO in an amount between 1 mol % and 25 mol % and MgO in an amount between 1 mol % and 25 mol %.

[0264] EMBODIMENT 17 3. The glass composition of embodiment 2, wherein RO comprises BaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol%, CaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol%, SrO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol%, or any combination thereof.

[0265] EMBODIMENT 18 3. The glass composition of embodiment 2, wherein RO comprises NaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%, LiO in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%, and KO in an amount between 1 mol% and 10 mol%, and RO comprises BaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol%, CaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol%, and SrO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol%.

[0266] EMBODIMENT 19 3. The glass composition of embodiment 2, wherein the composition further comprises TiO2 and / or WO3, wherein the sum of the amount of Nb2O5, the amount of TiO2, and / or the amount of WO3, or any combination thereof, is between 20 mol% and 50 mol%.

[0267] EMBODIMENT 20 3. The glass composition of embodiment 2, wherein the composition further comprises TiO2 in an amount between 1 mol% and 30 mol%.

[0268] EMBODIMENT 21 3. The glass composition of embodiment 2, wherein the composition further comprises WO3 in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%.

[0269] EMBODIMENT 22 3. The glass composition of embodiment 2, wherein the composition further comprises Al2O3 in an amount between 1 mol% and 5 mol%.

[0270] EMBODIMENT 23 3. The glass composition of embodiment 2, wherein the composition further comprises CeO2 in an amount between 0.001 mol % and 1.0 mol %.

[0271] EMBODIMENT 24 3. The glass composition of claim 2, wherein the glass composition does not include SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, TiO2, or any combination thereof.

[0272] EMBODIMENT 25 3. The glass composition of embodiment 2, wherein the glass composition further comprises Nb2O5 in an amount between 15 mol% and 25 mol% and TiO2 in an amount between 15 mol% and 25 mol%.

[0273] 26. The glass composition according to embodiment 25, wherein the sum of Nb2O5 and TiO2 is 40 mol % to 50 mol %.

[0274] EMBODIMENT 27 3. The glass composition of embodiment 2, wherein the glass composition further comprises Nb2O5 in an amount between 15 mol% and 25 mol%, TiO2 in an amount between 15 mol% and 25 mol%, and P2O5 in an amount between 20 mol% and 30 mol%.

[0275] EMBODIMENT 28 28. The glass composition according to embodiment 27, wherein the sum of Nb2O5 and TiO2 is 40 mol % to 50 mol %.

[0276] EMBODIMENT 29 The composition, At least one alkali metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 35 mol%; and The glass composition does not contain ZnO, B2O3, or alkaline earth metal oxides (RO); 2. The glass composition of embodiment 1.

[0277] EMBODIMENT 30 30. The glass composition of embodiment 29, wherein the molar ratio of R2O / P2O5 is 1 or greater.

[0278] EMBODIMENT 31 30. The glass composition of embodiment 29, wherein the molar ratio of R2O / P2O5 is less than or equal to 1.

[0279] EMBODIMENT 32 30. The glass composition of embodiment 29, wherein the glass composition further comprises Nb2O5 in an amount between 30 mol% and 40 mol% and TiO2 in an amount between 5 mol% and 15 mol%.

[0280] EMBODIMENT 33 33. The glass composition according to embodiment 32, wherein the sum of Nb2O5 and TiO2 is 40 mol % to 50 mol %.

[0281] EMBODIMENT 34 30. The glass composition of embodiment 29, wherein the glass composition further comprises Nb2O5 in an amount between 30 mol% and 40 mol%, TiO2 in an amount between 5 mol% and 15 mol%, and P2O5 in an amount between 20 mol% and 30 mol%.

[0282] EMBODIMENT 35 35. The glass composition according to embodiment 34, wherein the sum of Nb2O5 and TiO2 is 40 mol % to 50 mol %.

[0283] EMBODIMENT 36 30. The glass composition of embodiment 29, wherein R2O is Na2O, Li2O, K2O, or any combination thereof.

[0284] EMBODIMENT 37 30. The glass composition of embodiment 29, wherein R2O comprises Na2O in an amount between 5 mol% and 40 mol%, Li2O in an amount between 5 mol% and 40 mol%, K2O in an amount between 5 mol% and 40 mol%, or any combination thereof.

[0285] EMBODIMENT 38 30. The glass composition of embodiment 29, wherein the glass composition further comprises Nb2O5 in an amount between 30 mol% and 40 mol%, TiO2 in an amount between 5 mol% and 15 mol%, and P2O5 in an amount between 20 mol% and 30 mol%, and R2O comprises Na2O in an amount between 5 mol% and 40 mol%, Li2O in an amount between 5 mol% and 40 mol%, K2O in an amount between 5 mol% and 40 mol%, or any combination thereof.

[0286] EMBODIMENT 39 30. The glass composition of embodiment 29, wherein the composition further comprises WO3 in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%.

[0287] EMBODIMENT 40 The composition, At least one alkaline earth metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol%, and The glass composition does not contain ZnO, B2O3, or alkali metal oxides (RO); 2. The glass composition of embodiment 1.

[0288] EMBODIMENT 41 41. The glass composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the molar ratio of RO / P2O5 is 1 or more.

[0289] EMBODIMENT 42 41. The glass composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the molar ratio of RO / P2O5 is less than or equal to 1.

[0290] EMBODIMENT 43 41. The glass composition of embodiment 40, wherein the glass composition further comprises Nb2O5 in an amount between 30 mol% and 40 mol% and TiO2 in an amount between 5 mol% and 15 mol%.

[0291] EMBODIMENT 44 44. The glass composition according to embodiment 43, wherein the sum of Nb2O5 and TiO2 is 40 mol % to 50 mol %.

[0292] EMBODIMENT 45 41. The glass composition of embodiment 40, wherein the glass composition further comprises Nb2O5 in an amount between 30 mol% and 40 mol%, TiO2 in an amount between 5 mol% and 15 mol%, and P2O5 in an amount between 20 mol% and 30 mol%.

[0293] EMBODIMENT 46 46. ​​The glass composition according to embodiment 45, wherein the sum of Nb2O5 and TiO2 is 40 mol % to 50 mol %.

[0294] EMBODIMENT 47 41. The glass composition of embodiment 40, wherein RO comprises BaO, CaO, SrO, or any combination thereof.

[0295] EMBODIMENT 48 41. The glass composition of embodiment 40, wherein RO comprises BaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol%, CaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol%, SrO in an amount between 1 mol% and 25 mol%, or any combination thereof.

[0296] EMBODIMENT 49 41. The glass composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the glass composition further comprises Nb2O5 in an amount between 30 mol% and 40 mol%, TiO2 in an amount between 5 mol% and 15 mol%, P2O5 in an amount between 20 mol% and 30 mol%, BaO in an amount between 5 mol% and 20 mol%, CaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 10 mol%, and SrO in an amount between 5 mol% and 20 mol%.

[0297] EMBODIMENT 50 1. A glass composition comprising: P2O5 in an amount of 20 mol% to 40 mol%; Nb2O5 in an amount between 10 mol% and 50 mol%; ZnO in an amount of 0.5 mol % to 20 mol %; and the following (iv) to (vi): (iv) an alkali metal oxide (RO) in an amount between 1 mol% and 35 mol%; an alkaline earth metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol%, and The glass composition does not contain B2O3; (v) at least one alkali metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol % to 35 mol %, and the glass composition does not contain B2O3 or alkaline earth metal oxides (RO); or (vi) at least one alkaline earth metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol%, and The glass composition does not contain B2O3 or alkali metal oxides (R2O). The glass composition comprising one of:

[0298] EMBODIMENT 51 The composition, Alkali metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 10 mol% to 35 mol%; Alkaline earth metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol% and The glass composition does not contain B2O3. 51. The glass composition of embodiment 50.

[0299] EMBODIMENT 52 52. The glass composition according to embodiment 51, wherein the sum of the amount of RO, the amount of RO, and the amount of ZnO is 30 mol % to 60 mol %.

[0300] EMBODIMENT 53 52. The glass composition according to embodiment 51, wherein the molar ratio of (R2O+RO) / P2O5 is 1 or greater.

[0301] EMBODIMENT 54 52. The glass composition according to embodiment 51, wherein the molar ratio of (R2O+RO) / P2O5 is less than or equal to 1.

[0302] EMBODIMENT 55 52. The glass composition of embodiment 51, wherein the molar ratio of RO / (RO+RO) is greater than 0.25.

[0303] EMBODIMENT 56 52. The glass composition of embodiment 51, wherein P2O5 is in an amount of 25 mol% to 35 mol%.

[0304] EMBODIMENT 57 52. The glass composition according to embodiment 51, wherein Nb2O5 is in an amount of 15 mol% to 30 mol%.

[0305] EMBODIMENT 58 52. The glass composition of embodiment 51, wherein R2O is Na2O, Li2O, K2O, or any combination thereof.

[0306] EMBODIMENT 59 52. The glass composition of embodiment 51, wherein R2O comprises Na2O in an amount between 1 mol% and 35 mol%.

[0307] EMBODIMENT 60 52. The glass composition of embodiment 51, wherein R2O comprises Li2O in an amount of 1 mol % to 15 mol %.

[0308] EMBODIMENT 61 52. The glass composition of embodiment 51, wherein R2O comprises K2O in an amount of 1 mol % to 10 mol %.

[0309] EMBODIMENT 62 52. The glass composition of embodiment 51, wherein R2O comprises Na2O in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%, Li2O in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%, and K2O in an amount between 1 mol% and 10 mol%.

[0310] EMBODIMENT 63 52. The glass composition according to embodiment 51, wherein RO is CaO, BaO, MgO, SrO, or any combination thereof.

[0311] EMBODIMENT 64 52. The glass composition of embodiment 51, wherein RO comprises BaO in an amount of 1 mol % to 25 mol %.

[0312] EMBODIMENT 65 52. The glass composition of embodiment 51, wherein RO comprises CaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol%.

[0313] EMBODIMENT 66 52. The glass composition of embodiment 51, wherein RO comprises MgO in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%.

[0314] EMBODIMENT 67 52. The glass composition of embodiment 51, wherein RO comprises SrO in an amount between 1 mol% and 30 mol%.

[0315] EMBODIMENT 68 52. The glass composition according to embodiment 51, wherein RO comprises BaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol% and CaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol%.

[0316] EMBODIMENT 69 52. The glass composition of embodiment 51, wherein RO comprises BaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol%, CaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol%, and SrO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol%.

[0317] EMBODIMENT 70 52. The glass composition according to embodiment 51, wherein the composition further comprises TiO2 and / or WO3, wherein the sum of the amount of Nb2O5, the amount of TiO2, and / or the amount of WO3, or any combination thereof, is between 20 mol% and 40 mol%.

[0318] EMBODIMENT 71 52. The glass composition of embodiment 51, wherein the composition further comprises TiO2 in an amount between 1 mol% and 30 mol%.

[0319] EMBODIMENT 72 52. The glass composition of embodiment 51, wherein the composition further comprises WO in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%.

[0320] EMBODIMENT 73 52. The glass composition of embodiment 51, wherein the composition further comprises Al2O3 in an amount between 1 mol% and 5 mol%.

[0321] EMBODIMENT 74 52. The glass composition of embodiment 51, wherein the composition further comprises CeO2 in an amount between 0.001 mol% and 1.0 mol%.

[0322] EMBODIMENT 75 52. The glass composition of embodiment 51, wherein the glass composition does not include any of SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, or TiO2.

[0323] EMBODIMENT 76 52. The glass composition of embodiment 51, further comprising NbO in an amount between 30 mol% and 40 mol%, TiO in an amount between 5 mol% and 15 mol%, PO in an amount between 20 mol% and 35 mol%, ZnO in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%, RO in an amount between 5 mol% and 40 mol%, where RO is BaO, CaO, SrO, or any combination thereof, and RO in an amount between 1 mol% and 35 mol%.

[0324] EMBODIMENT 77 The composition, At least one alkali metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 35 mol%; and The glass composition does not contain B2O3 or alkaline earth metal oxides (RO), 51. The glass composition of embodiment 50.

[0325] EMBODIMENT 78 78. The glass composition of embodiment 77, wherein P2O5 is in an amount of 25 mol% to 35 mol%.

[0326] EMBODIMENT 79 78. The glass composition of embodiment 77, wherein Nb2O5 is in an amount of 15 mol% to 30 mol%.

[0327] EMBODIMENT 80 78. The glass composition of embodiment 77, wherein R2O is Na2O, Li2O, K2O, or any combination thereof.

[0328] Embodiment 81 78. The glass composition of embodiment 77, wherein R2O comprises Na2O in an amount between 1 mol% and 35 mol%.

[0329] EMBODIMENT 82 78. The glass composition of embodiment 77, wherein R2O comprises Li2O in an amount of 1 mol % to 15 mol %.

[0330] EMBODIMENT 83 78. The glass composition of embodiment 77, wherein R2O comprises K2O in an amount between 1 mol % and 10 mol %.

[0331] EMBODIMENT 84 78. The glass composition of embodiment 77, wherein the composition further comprises TiO2 in an amount between 1 mol% and 30 mol%.

[0332] EMBODIMENT 85 78. The glass composition of embodiment 77, wherein the composition further comprises WO in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%.

[0333] EMBODIMENT 86 78. The glass composition of embodiment 77, wherein R2O comprises Na2O in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%, Li2O in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%, and K2O in an amount between 1 mol% and 10 mol%.

[0334] EMBODIMENT 87 78. The glass composition of embodiment 77, wherein a molar ratio of R2O to P2O5 is 1 or greater.

[0335] EMBODIMENT 88 78. The glass composition of embodiment 77, wherein the molar ratio of R2O to P2O5 is less than or equal to 1.

[0336] EMBODIMENT 89 78. The glass composition of embodiment 77, wherein the glass composition further comprises NbO in an amount between 30 mol% and 40 mol%, TiO in an amount between 5 mol% and 15 mol%, PO in an amount between 20 mol% and 35 mol%, ZnO in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%, and RO in an amount between 1 mol% and 35 mol%, where RO is NaO, LiO, KO, or any combination thereof.

[0337] EMBODIMENT 90 The composition, At least one alkaline earth metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 5 mol% to 40 mol%, and The glass composition does not contain B2O3 or alkali metal oxides (R2O); 51. The glass composition of embodiment 50.

[0338] EMBODIMENT 91 91. The glass composition of embodiment 90, wherein P2O5 is in an amount of 25 mol% to 35 mol%.

[0339] EMBODIMENT 92 91. The glass composition of embodiment 90, wherein Nb2O5 is in an amount of 15 mol% to 30 mol%.

[0340] EMBODIMENT 93 91. The glass composition of embodiment 90, wherein RO is CaO, BaO, MgO, SrO, or any combination thereof.

[0341] EMBODIMENT 94 91. The glass composition of embodiment 90, wherein RO comprises BaO in an amount of 1 mol % to 25 mol %.

[0342] EMBODIMENT 95 91. The glass composition of embodiment 90, wherein RO comprises CaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol%.

[0343] EMBODIMENT 96 91. The glass composition of embodiment 90, wherein RO comprises MgO in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%.

[0344] EMBODIMENT 97 91. The glass composition of embodiment 90, wherein RO comprises SrO in an amount between 1 mol% and 30 mol%.

[0345] EMBODIMENT 98 91. The glass composition of embodiment 90, wherein RO comprises BaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol% and CaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol%.

[0346] EMBODIMENT 99 91. The glass composition of embodiment 90, wherein RO comprises BaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol%, CaO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol%, and SrO in an amount between 1 mol% and 20 mol%.

[0347] EMBODIMENT 100 91. The glass composition of embodiment 90, wherein the composition further comprises TiO2 in an amount between 1 mol% and 30 mol%.

[0348] EMBODIMENT 101 91. The glass composition of embodiment 90, wherein the composition further comprises WO3 in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%.

[0349] EMBODIMENT 102 91. The glass composition of embodiment 90, wherein a molar ratio of RO to P2O5 is 1 or greater.

[0350] EMBODIMENT 103 91. The glass composition of embodiment 90, wherein a molar ratio of RO to P2O5 is less than or equal to 1.

[0351] EMBODIMENT 104 91. The glass composition of embodiment 90, wherein the glass composition further comprises Nb2O5 in an amount between 30 mol% and 40 mol%, TiO2 in an amount between 5 mol% and 15 mol%, PO5 in an amount between 20 mol% and 35 mol%, ZnO in an amount between 1 mol% and 15 mol%, and RO in an amount between 5 mol% and 40 mol%, where RO is BaO, CaO, SrO, or any combination thereof.

[0352] EMBODIMENT 105 105. The glass composition of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the glass composition has a glass thermal stability index of 200° C. or greater.

[0353] EMBODIMENT 106 105. The glass composition of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the glass composition has a glass thermal stability index of 225° C. or greater.

[0354] EMBODIMENT 107 105. The glass composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the glass composition has a glass thermal stability index of less than zero.

[0355] EMBODIMENT 108 105. The glass composition of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the glass composition has a refractive index of at least 1.70 at 588 nm at 25°C.

[0356] EMBODIMENT 109 105. The glass composition of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the glass composition has a refractive index of at least 1.75 at 588 nm at 25°C.

[0357] Embodiment 110 105. The glass composition according to any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the glass composition has a refractive index of 1.70 to 2.00 at 25° C. and 588 nm.

[0358] EMBODIMENT 111 The glass composition has a density of 4 g / cm 3 105. The glass composition of any of the preceding claims, having a density:

[0359] EMBODIMENT 112 105. A glass composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the glass composition has an Abbe number of at least 20.

[0360] EMBODIMENT 113 105. A glass composition according to any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the glass composition has an Abbe number of 20-40.

[0361] EMBODIMENT 114 105. The glass composition according to any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the glass composition has a thermal expansion coefficient of 6.0 ppm / °C to 12 ppm / °C.

[0362] EMBODIMENT 115 105. The glass composition according to any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the glass composition has an annealing point of 450°C to 750°C.

[0363] EMBODIMENT 116 105. The glass composition according to any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the glass composition has a softening point of 575°C to 850°C.

[0364] EMBODIMENT 117 105. The glass composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the glass composition has an internal liquidus temperature of 875°C to 1,200°C.

[0365] EMBODIMENT 118 105. The glass composition according to any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the glass composition has a Young's modulus of 50 GPa to 110 GPa.

[0366] EMBODIMENT 119 105. The glass composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the glass composition is a glass sheet, a powder, a bead, a fiber, or a three-dimensional scaffold.

[0367] Embodiment 120 105. An optical article comprising the glass composition according to any one of claims 1 to 104.

Claims

1. 1. A glass composition comprising: (a) P in an amount of 20 mol % to 40 mol % ２ O ５ , (b) Nb in an amount of 20 mol% to 50 mol% ２ O ５ , (c) an alkali metal oxide (R ２ O), and (d) at least two alkaline earth metal oxides (RO) in an amount of 15 mol % to 40 mol % in total; The glass composition comprises ZnO and B. ２ O ３ Does not include Glass composition.

2. The composition, Alkali metal oxide (R ２ The glass composition of claim 1 , further comprising:

3. P ２ O ５ The glass composition of claim 2 , wherein is in an amount of 20 mol % to 30 mol %.

4. Nb ２ O ５ The glass composition according to claim 2 or 3, wherein is in an amount of 20 mol % to 30 mol %.

5. The composition comprises TiO in an amount of 1 mol % to 30 mol %. ２ The glass composition according to claim 2 , further comprising:

6. The composition comprises WO in an amount of 1 mol % to 15 mol % ３ The glass composition according to claim 2 , further comprising:

7. TiO ２ and wherein the glass composition further comprises Nb in an amount of 20 mol % to 25 mol %. ２ O ５ and TiO in an amount of 15 mol% to 25 mol% ２ The glass composition according to claim 2 , comprising:

8. 1. A glass composition comprising: P in an amount of 20 mol % to 40 mol % ２ O ５ , Nb in an amount of 10 mol% to 30 mol% ２ O ５ , ZnO in an amount of 2 mol % to 10 mol %, Alkali metal oxide (R ２ O), and Alkaline earth metal oxide (RO) in an amount of 15 mol% to 40 mol% The glass composition comprises B ２ O ３ Does not include Glass composition.

9. The glass composition according to claim 8, wherein the alkali metal oxide (R 2 O) is present in an amount of 10 mol % to 35 mol %.

10. P ２ O ５ The glass composition according to claim 8 or 9, wherein is in an amount of 25 mol % to 35 mol %.

11. Nb ２ O ５ The glass composition according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein is in an amount of 15 mol % to 25 mol %.

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