Emergency escape method for passengers using an emergency escape device for a vehicle

Abstract

To provide a device and method for emergency escape when a passenger is trapped in a car equipped with laminated glass. [Solution] An emergency escape device 1 equipped with a seatbelt cutting device 3 and a shattering tool is installed in a vehicle equipped with laminated glass. The seatbelt cutting device 3 cuts the seatbelt, releasing the occupant's physical restraint. A predetermined area of ​​the laminated glass is shattered from the passenger compartment side using a shattering tool 22, creating an escape space for the occupant on or around the laminated glass. A portion of the laminated glass is shattered using the shattering tool 22, which presses and bends the laminated glass, pushing the occupant out and requiring assistance. The shattering tool 22 has components that can perforate, cut, or shatter a predetermined area of ​​the lower part of the laminated glass from the passenger compartment side, and can fuse or vibrate it, and the shattering continuously shatters multiple locations on the lower part of the laminated glass.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a vehicle equipped with laminated glass that is submerged in water. The present invention relates to an emergency escape method for occupants using an automobile emergency escape device that is installed in the vehicle, and that enables occupants (including the driver and passengers) to safely and quickly escape from the vehicle when they are trapped in the vehicle due to a traffic accident or the like. [Background technology]

[0002] Recently, there have been an increasing number of cases where occupants of submerged vehicles have been trapped inside due to heavy rains causing roads to flood and rivers to overflow. In such a case, it is necessary to quickly cut the seat belt to release the occupant's body from the restraint and to shatter the door glass to allow the occupant to escape from the vehicle. The applicant has already developed and proposed various emergency escape devices that meet such a purpose.

[0003] For example, a fire extinguishing gas cylinder filled with carbon dioxide is loaded into a seal opening device, a seat belt introduction groove is provided on the side of the seal opening device, a seat belt cutter is placed in the introduction groove, a seat belt is introduced into the seat belt introduction groove so that the seat belt cutter can cut it, a hammer member is attached to the bottom of the loaded fire extinguishing gas cylinder, and the tip of the hammer member is struck against the door glass to shatter it.After escaping from the vehicle, the head of the seal opening device is operated to open the fire extinguishing gas cylinder, and the extinguishing gas is sprayed at the source of the fire in the vehicle to extinguish the fire (see Patent Document 1).

[0004] There is also a cylindrical, grippable emergency escape device that has a seat belt guide groove and a seat belt cutter at one end and a hammer at the other end. The seat belt inserted into the seat belt guide groove is cut by the seat belt cutter and the tip of the hammer is struck against the door glass to shatter it, allowing the occupant to escape from the vehicle (see Patent Document 2).

[0005] Recently, automobiles have begun to use laminated glass for the door glass in order to improve quietness. The laminated glass is made of two single sheets of glass and an interlayer made of synthetic resin bonded between them, and has the properties of being thin and strong. In the event of an emergency in a vehicle using such laminated glass, if the above-mentioned escape device is used, there is a concern that the laminated glass cannot be shattered, making it impossible for occupants to escape from the vehicle.

[0006] In order to solve this problem, in a laminated glass for vehicles which is formed by bonding a pair of tempered glass with an intermediate film between them, an impact area is provided in the intermediate film, and at least one of the impact areas is provided with a conical or polygonal pyramid-shaped impact member made of metal, ceramics or the like which can be crushed. First, the impact area of ​​the tempered glass on the interior side is struck with a hammer or the like, causing a crack on the surface to reach the inside, causing the crack to propagate through the entire tempered glass and break it. The striking force of the hammer or the like is transmitted to the struck area, compressing the interlayer in the thickness direction, causing the sharp part of the struck part to protrude from the interlayer and collide with the surface of the other tempered glass, causing a crack to form on the surface of the tempered glass which reaches the inside of the glass, causing the crack to propagate inside the glass and destroy the inner tempered glass, thereby destroying both pieces of tempered glass at the same time (see Patent Document 3).

[0007] However, the above-mentioned laminated glass for vehicles requires the formation of a striking member and a striking area in the interlayer, which makes the structure and manufacturing of the glass complicated. In addition, the laminated glass is easily broken as a result, which reduces the strength of the glass. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 5148623 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 6811122 [Patent Document 3] JP 2020-172404 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] The present invention solves such problems and is suitable for use in a vehicle equipped with laminated glass, for example. To provide an emergency escape method for occupants using an automobile emergency escape device installed in the vehicle, which enables occupants (including the driver and passengers) to safely and quickly escape from the inside of the vehicle when the vehicle is submerged in water or the occupants are trapped inside the vehicle due to a traffic accident or the like. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] The invention of claim 1 provides an emergency escape device equipped with a seat belt cutting device and a breaking tool for an automobile equipped with laminated glass, the laminated glass being disposed on the front door side, the seat belt being cut by the seat belt cutting device, the restraint of the occupant's body being released, the breaking tool being made available, a predetermined area of ​​the laminated glass being broken from the passenger compartment side by the breaking tool, and the occupant's body being broken into the laminated glass or its surroundings by the breaking part. escape Create a space and escape Passengers are taken out of the vehicle through the space escape Enabling emergency escape of passengers by vehicle emergency escape devices escapeIn the method, the seat belt cutting device is provided with a seat belt cutter at the back of the seat belt introduction groove, a seat belt is inserted into the seat belt introduction groove and cut by the seat belt cutter, a tip holder to which an impact tip is connected is arranged inside the escape device, and a pointed end of the impact tip is urged via an elastic member so as to collide with and shatter a reinforced glass sheet of the laminated glass on the passenger compartment side, while a pair of levers having a substantially inverted L shape are arranged opposite each other inside the escape device, and their middle parts are rotatably connected, the levers are gripped, and the connecting part of the levers is provided so as to be movable via the rotational displacement, and after the impact tip projects, the grip of the levers is released and the levers are moved back to their original positions via the elastic member, and the impact tip is moved back to their original positions, making it possible to reset the levers and the impact tip, and making it possible to repeatedly use the levers, while the laminated glass is provided so that its upper end peripheral edge can be released from the restraint by the glass holding frame. , emergency Urgent escape The work involves breaking a portion of the laminated glass with a breaking tool, and pressing and bending the laminated glass. This includes the work The crushing tool is The lower part of the laminated glass is broken into a specified area from the passenger compartment side. The fracture is performed by successively fractureing a plurality of portions of the lower part of the laminated glass, and the strength of the fractured area or the fractured portion is reduced through the fracture, and an upper portion of the laminated glass spaced from the fractured area is pressed outward, and the fractured area is supported by the fractured area. By leveraging The laminated glass is bent from the passenger compartment side outward, and the bending displacement of the laminated glass causes the upper edge of the laminated glass to separate from the glass holding frame, and a gap is formed between the upper edge of the laminated glass and the glass holding frame. escape Create a space and escape The occupants face the passenger compartment side of the space. The occupant is space Via Take it out Let them escape, When a car that uses laminated glass for door glass is submerged in water or an occupant is trapped inside the car due to a traffic accident, Emergency escape device By using a crushing tool to crush a portion of the laminated glass, it is possible to quickly crush a large area without having to crush the entire laminated glass. escape Create a space and escape Safely and quickly get crew out of space escapeThe system also encourages easy use of the emergency escape device and allows repeated use of the lever, making it easy to use the emergency escape device. Therefore A spacious occupant escape Create space quickly and easily to get passengers safely and quickly Escape I try to do so. Effect of the Invention

[0011] The invention of claim 1 provides an emergency escape device equipped with a seat belt cutting device and a breaking tool in an automobile equipped with laminated glass, the laminated glass being disposed on the front door side, the seat belt cutting device being provided with a seat belt cutter at the back of a seat belt introduction groove, a seat belt being inserted into the seat belt introduction groove and cut by the seat belt cutter, a tip holder having an impact tip connected thereto is disposed inside the escape device, and a pointed end of the impact tip is urged via an elastic member to collide with and break a tempered glass sheet on the passenger compartment side of the laminated glass, a pair of levers having a substantially inverted L-shape are disposed opposite each other inside the escape device, and their middle parts are rotatably connected, the levers are grasped, and the connecting part of the levers is provided so as to be movable via the rotational displacement, and after the impact tip projects, the grip of the levers is released and the levers are returned to their original positions via the elastic member, and the impact tip is returned to its original position, making it possible to reset the levers and the impact tip, and making it possible to repeatedly use the levers, the laminated glass is provided so that the peripheral edge of its upper end can be released from the restraint by a glass holding frame, escape The operation includes an operation of crushing a part of the laminated glass with a crushing tool, and pressing and bending the laminated glass, the crushing tool having a component that can break a predetermined area of ​​the lower part of the laminated glass from the vehicle interior side, the crushing is performed by continuously crushing a plurality of parts of the lower part of the laminated glass, the strength of the crushed area or the crushed part is reduced through the crushing, an upper position of the laminated glass separated from the crushed area is pressed outward, and the crushed area is used as a fulcrum through the pressing. This action The laminated glass is bent from the passenger compartment side outward, and the bending displacement of the laminated glass causes the upper edge of the laminated glass to separate from the glass holding frame, and a gap is formed between the upper edge of the laminated glass and the glass holding frame. escape Create a space and escape The occupants face the passenger compartment side of the space. The occupant is removed from the vehicle. Let When a car that uses laminated glass for door glass is submerged in water or an occupant is trapped inside the car due to a traffic accident, Emergency escape device By using a crushing tool to crush a portion of the laminated glass, it is not necessary to crush the entire laminated glass. Quick, fast Very spacious escape Create a space and escape Safely and quickly get crew out of space escape The system also encourages easy use of the emergency escape device and allows repeated use of the lever, making it easy to use the emergency escape device. Therefore A spacious occupant escape Space can be quickly and easily created, allowing occupants to escape safely and quickly. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment of an automobile emergency escape device suitable for use in the present invention, illustrating the state before the laminated glass is broken. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a front view showing a square shaft portion of the glass breaking device in the first embodiment. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is an exploded front view of a square shaft portion and a spring box of the glass crushing device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a left side view of FIG. 3. [Diagram 5] In the left side view of FIG. 3, the opening is shown rotated 90 degrees.

[0013] [Figure 6] 1 shows a state in which an impact tip is attached to the tip holder applied to the first embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 4 is a plan view of an outer case applied to the first embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 4 is a front view of the lever applied to the first embodiment, showing the positional relationship between a pivot hole and a pivot pin. [Figure 9]FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a shank portion of a lever applied to the first embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 2 is a front view showing a part of a front door using the laminated glass in the first embodiment.

[0014] [Figure 11] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the state of breaking laminated glass by the glass breaking device applied to the first embodiment, in which (a) shows the state immediately before breaking when the glass pressing plate is placed on the inner surface of the laminated glass. (b) shows the state of operation of the glass breaking device when the impact tip collides with the inner tempered glass and a crack occurs. (c) shows the state of operation of the glass breaking device when the impact tip reaches the interlayer film. (d) shows the state of operation of the glass breaking device when the impact tip reaches the outer tempered glass and a crack occurs. (e) shows the state of operation of the glass breaking device when the impact tip breaks through the outer tempered glass.

[0015] [Figure 12] This shows a state in which a portion of the laminated glass is crushed and then pushed outward, forming an escape space. [Figure 13] FIG. 2 is a front view showing a second embodiment of an automobile emergency escape device suitable for use in the present invention, illustrating the state before the laminated glass is broken. [Figure 14] FIG. 11 is a front view of a square shaft portion applied to the second embodiment. [Figure 15] FIG. 11 is a front view of a spring box applied to the second embodiment. [Figure 16] FIG. 11 is a front view showing a state in which an impact tip is attached to the tip holder applied to the second embodiment.

[0016] [Figure 17] FIG. 11 is a front view showing an end portion of the emergency escape device applied to the second embodiment. [Figure 18]FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the main parts of a third embodiment of an automobile emergency escape device suitable for use with the present invention, showing the installation state of a crushing bit equipped with a spiral blade and the state of the crushing bit before colliding with a laminated glass, with the disc spring inside the crushing bit being extended. [Figure 19] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a crushing bit in the third embodiment enters a laminated glass. [Figure 20] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the crushing bit in the third embodiment, illustrating a state in which the crushing bit is colliding with a laminated glass, and an inner disc spring is compressed.

[0017] [Figure 21] FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the crushing of laminated glass by a pyramidal-shaped crushing bit applied to the fourth embodiment of the automobile emergency escape device suitable for use with the present invention, showing the state in which glass particles and powder are dispersed and removed during crushing. [Figure 22] FIG. 13 is a front view showing an automobile emergency escape device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, in which a lighting tube is provided around a glass pressing plate. [Figure 23] This is a front view showing a crushing device in which the sixth embodiment of the automobile emergency escape device suitable for use in the present invention is applied to a fire extinguisher, in which a crushing bit is attached to the bottom of a carbon dioxide gas cylinder loaded in the fire extinguisher. [Figure 24] FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the sixth embodiment. [Diagram 25] FIG. 23 is an enlarged perspective view showing a crushing bit applied to the sixth embodiment. [Figure 26] FIG. 13 is a front view of a crushing bit applied to the sixth embodiment.

[0018] [Figure 27] FIG. 27 is a plan view of FIG. 26. [Figure 28] FIG. 27 is a right side view of FIG. 26. [Figure 29] FIG. 27 is a bottom view of FIG. 26. [Diagram 30]FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a crushing device to which a seventh embodiment of an automobile emergency escape device suitable for use in the present invention is applied as an emergency escape device. [Diagram 31] FIG. 13 is a vertical sectional view of the crushing device to which the seventh embodiment is applied, shown upside down. [Diagram 32] FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a state in which laminated glass is crushed by the crushing device according to the seventh embodiment, in which the protective cover is bent to expose the crushing bits.

[0019] [Diagram 33] This is a front view showing a crushing device in which the eighth embodiment of the automobile emergency escape device suitable for use in the present invention is applied to a fire extinguisher, and a crushing bit is attached to the bottom of a carbon dioxide gas cylinder loaded into the fire extinguisher. [Diagram 34] FIG. 20 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the eighth embodiment. [Diagram 35] FIG. 13 is an enlarged perspective view showing a crushing bit applied to a ninth embodiment of an automobile emergency escape device suitable for use in the present invention; [Diagram 36] FIG. 13 is a front view of a crushing bit applied to the ninth embodiment. [Figure 37] FIG. 37 is a plan view of FIG. 36. [Figure 38] FIG. 37 is a right side view of FIG. 36. [Figure 39] FIG. 37 is a bottom view of FIG. 36.

[0020] [Diagram 40] FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a crushing device of the emergency escape device to which the ninth embodiment is applied, with a crushing bit attached to one end thereof. [Diagram 41] The vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. 40 is shown upside down. [Diagram 42] This is a front view showing a crushing device applied to a fire extinguisher as the 10th embodiment of the automobile emergency escape device suitable for use in the present invention, in which a crushing bit is attached to the bottom of a carbon dioxide gas cylinder loaded into the fire extinguisher. [Diagram 43] FIG. 23 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the tenth embodiment. [Diagram 44] FIG. 23 is a perspective view of a crushing bit applied to the tenth embodiment.

[0021] [Diagram 45] FIG. 23 is a front view of a crushing bit applied to the tenth embodiment. [Figure 46] FIG. 46 is a plan view of FIG. 45. [Figure 47] FIG. 46 is a right side view of FIG. 45. [Figure 48] FIG. 46 is a bottom view of FIG. 45. [Figure 49] FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a crushing device to which an eleventh embodiment of an automobile emergency escape device suitable for use in the present invention is applied as an emergency escape device, with a crushing bit attached to one end thereof. [Figure 50] The vertical cross-sectional view of Figure 49 is shown upside down. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THEINVENTION

[0022] The present invention will be described below. Suitable for use in automobiles As an example of an emergency escape device, an illustrated embodiment in which an emergency escape device is provided on the inside of a front door of an automobile using laminated glass will be described. In Figs. 1 to 12, reference numeral 1 denotes an emergency escape device, which comprises a cylindrical escape device main body 2 having a length of approximately 17 cm and an outer diameter of approximately 4 cm, and said main body 2 is provided with a seat belt cutting device 3 at one end and a glass breaking device 4 at the other end.

[0023] The seat belt cutting device 3 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and its internal hollow portion is attached to the tip of the escape device main body 2 by pin connection, and the seat belt introduction groove 5 is opened on the base end side. The guide surface of the seat belt introduction groove 5 is formed in an inclined shape, and a seat belt cutter 6 is disposed in the back part of the inclined shape, making it possible to cut the introduced seat belt B.

[0024] The escape device main body 2 includes a pair of outer cases 7, 7 having a substantially U-shaped cross section, the outer cases 7, 7 being connected opposite each other, and a square shaft portion 8 of the glass breaking device 4 being housed in a rectangular space inside the outer cases 7, 7. That is, a horizontally long rectangular recessed groove 9 is formed on the inside of the outer case 7, and a long and narrow lever receiving groove 10 is formed on one side of the recessed groove 9.

[0025] A roughly L-shaped pin engagement groove 11 is formed at an opposing position in the middle of the angular shaft portion 8, a rectangular opening window is formed at an opposing position in the tip portion of the peripheral surface and the other side of the pin engagement groove 11, and a roughly trapezoidal engagement protrusion, described later, is protruded at an opposing position in the other end portion of the peripheral surface. A stepped square hole 14 is formed inside the square shaft portion 8, and a first spring 15 is housed on the tip side of the square hole 14, with its terminal portion positioned in the bent portion of the pin engagement groove 11.

[0026] A spring box 16 is slidably inserted into the rear end of the square hole 14, and a pin switching groove 17 is formed at an opposing position on the tip end of the peripheral surface of the box 16. The switching groove 17 is formed in a horizontally elongated parallelogram, and a guide pin 18 is movably housed inside the switching groove. A switching side 17a on the rear side of the pin switching groove 17 is formed as a gentle inclined side, and the guide pin 18 that has moved to the switching side 17a moves upward, making it possible to displace the guide pin 18 upward.

[0027] A stepped hole 19 is formed in the spring box 16, and a second spring 20 stronger than the first spring 15 is housed in the stepped hole 19. The spring 20 is pressed by the backward displacement of the square shaft portion 8, allowing it to accumulate elasticity.

[0028] The guide pin 18 is inserted into the pin engagement groove 11 and the pin switching groove 17 from the outside of the square shaft portion 8, connecting the square shaft portion 8 and the spring box 16 via the guide pin 18, and the spring box 16 is pushed into the square shaft portion 8 and latched in place. A square-shaft-shaped tip holder 21 is movably inserted into the first spring 15, and a high-hardness, plate-shaped impact tip 22 having a pointed end 22a is fixed to the tip of the holder 21 via a pin 23 as a crushing tool.

[0029] A thick rectangular glass pressing plate 24 protrudes from the tip of the angular shaft portion 8, and a vertically elongated rectangular opening 25 is formed on the end face of the pressing plate 24, allowing the impact tip 22 to appear and disappear through the opening 25. A pivot portion 27 of a lever 26 is housed in each lever housing groove 10 of the outer case 7 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, and two pivot holes 28, 29 are formed in the pivot portion 27 at a distance from each other.

[0030] The lever 26 is formed into a generally inverted L-shape by pressing a thick steel plate, and a pivot portion 27 is formed at the upper end thereof by bending downward at an acute angle. Two pivot pins 30, 31 are disposed apart from each other in the lever receiving groove 10, and the pivot holes 28, 29 are disposed so as to be able to engage with the pivot pins 30, 31 in turn, with the pivot pin 30 normally engaging with the pivot hole 28.

[0031] A tapered engagement portion 32 is formed on the upper portion of the lever 26, and the engagement portion 32 is arranged so as to be able to engage with a plate-shaped engagement protrusion 34 protruding from the rear end of the angular shaft portion 8. Normally, the pivot pin 30 is biased so as to be able to engage with the pivot hole 28 due to the displacement of the angular shaft portion 8 which is pressed forward by the second spring 20. The lever 26 has a shank 33 extending obliquely downward from an engagement portion 32, and a plate-shaped shank holder 34 is fixed between the shanks 33, 33 with a screw.

[0032] The front door 35 is partitioned around the periphery by sashes 36-38, which serve as glass-holding frames, and a beltline frame 39, as shown in Figure 10, and a laminated glass 40 is provided between them so that it can be raised and lowered from a storage section (not shown) directly below by a lifting device 42 equipped with a motor 41. Therefore, the laminated glass 40 is disposed on the side of the front seat, and the upper end periphery of the laminated glass 40 is Not tightly fixed.

[0033] 10 and 12, 35a is a pressing portion capable of pressing outward the space of the laminated glass 40 that is spaced upward from the crushing portion 46a described below, 35b is a pressing and bending portion capable of pressing and bending the space of the laminated glass 40 that is spaced upward from the crushing portion 46a from the passenger compartment side outward, 37a is a detachment portion that allows the periphery of the upper end of the laminated glass 40 to be detached from the glass holding frame 37, and 46a is a crushing portion or crushing area formed by one or more fractures caused by a crushing tool provided at the lower part of the laminated glass 40. These are used to provide an emergency escape device for an automobile or to provide an emergency escape device when in use. escape space of formation I try to do that.

[0034] The laminated glass 40 has tempered glass sheets 43, 44 made of inorganic glass arranged inside and outside the room, and an intermediate film 45 made of thermoplastic resin arranged between them. In this embodiment, the thickness of the tempered glass plates 43, 44 is 0.5 mm or more and 2.3 mm or less. It is desirable to make the tempered glass plate 44 on the inside of the vehicle thinner than the tempered glass plate 43 on the outside of the vehicle as much as possible in terms of safety and weight reduction of the vehicle. The thickness of the intermediate film 45 is from 0.2 mm to 2.3 mm, and preferably from 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm, to make it lightweight and easy to handle.

[0035] In the figure, 46 denotes multiple perforations or penetrations formed by the emergency escape device 1 along the belt line frame 39 on the lower part of the laminated glass 40, and 47 denotes a protective sheet made of a thin rubber plate attached to the opening 25 of the glass pressing plate 24, which prevents tiny fragments generated when the laminated glass 40 is shattered from entering the opening 25 and makes it possible to prevent internal malfunctions. 48 is a passenger cover formed by pushing the glass 40 outward after the laminated glass 40 is broken to a certain extent. escape It's a space.

[0036] The present invention thus constructed Suitable for useThe emergency escape device for an automobile has a seat belt cutting device 3 at one end of the escape device main body 2 and a glass breaking device 4 at the other end, and these need to be manufactured. Of these, the seat belt cutting device 3 is made of synthetic resin and formed into a substantially cylindrical shape, and the internal hollow portion is attached to the tip of the escape device main body 2 and connected by a pin. The seat belt cutting device 3 of the embodiment is configured to be split into two along the axial direction around the seat belt guide groove 5, and each molded part is joined and connected with a pin, making the manufacturing process easy.

[0037] A seat belt introduction groove 5 is opened on the base end side of the seat belt cutting device 3, the guide surface of the introduction groove 5 is formed obliquely, and a seat belt cutter 6 is arranged obliquely at the back thereof so that the introduced seat belt B can be cut.

[0038] The escape device main body 2 includes a glass crushing device 4 made of synthetic resin and having a square shaft, a spring box 16 slidably inserted into the rear end of the glass crushing device 4, a set of outer cases 7, 7 attached to the outside of the glass crushing device 4, and a set of levers 26 attached to the outer cases 7, 7.

[0039] Of these, the glass crushing device 4 has a thick, rectangular glass pressing plate 24 protruding from its tip, a rectangular opening 25 formed on its end face, a square hole 14 formed inside the angular shaft portion 8, and a first spring 15 and a chip holder 21 housed inside the square hole 14. The tip holder 21 is formed into a square shaft from steel, with a high-hardness plate-like impact tip 22 riveted to its tip. A guide pin 18 is inserted into a pin hole P at the rear end to connect the tip holder 21 to the spring box 16.

[0040] A generally L-shaped pin engagement groove 11 communicating with the square hole 14 is formed at an opposing position in the middle of the square shaft portion 8, and a trapezoidal plate-shaped engagement protrusion 34 is formed to protrude from the rear end portion. The spring box 16 is resin molded into a square tube shape, and a pin switching groove 17 is formed in the front end portion thereof. The pin switching groove 17 is formed into a horizontally elongated parallelogram, and a guide pin 18 is movably housed inside the pin switching groove.

[0041] The switching edge 17a on the rear side of the pin switching groove 17 is formed into a gentle inclined edge, so that just before the lever 26 is rotated to start breaking the laminated glass 40, the guide pin 18 rides up onto the switching edge 17a, moves upward and escapes from the bent portion, and merges with the pin engagement groove 11, making it possible for the guide pin 18 to move along the linear pin engagement groove 11.

[0042] The second spring 20 is housed in the spring box 16, and a guide pin 18 is inserted into the pin switching groove 17 at the front end of the spring 20 from the outside of the square shaft portion 8, thereby connecting the spring box 16 and the square shaft portion 8. As a result, the elasticity stored in the second spring 20 is transmitted to the tip holder 21 all at once, allowing the impact tip 22 at the tip end to project from the opening 25 .

[0043] A stepped square hole 14 is formed inside the outer case 7, and the square shaft portion 8 and a part of the spring box 16 can be accommodated in the square hole 14. A lever accommodating groove 10 is formed on the outside thereof, and two pivot pins 30, 31 can be arranged at a distance from each other in the lever accommodating groove 10.

[0044] The lever 26 is formed into a generally inverted L-shape by pressing a thick steel plate, and a pivot portion 27 is formed at the upper end thereof by bending downward at an acute angle. A tapered engaging portion 32 is formed on the upper portion of the lever 26 , and the engaging portion 32 is disposed so as to be able to engage with a plate-shaped engaging projection 34 protruding from the rear end portion of the square shaft portion 8 .

[0045] The levers 26, 26 thus manufactured are inserted into the lever accommodating grooves 10, 10 of the outer cases 7, 7, and the pivot holes 28, 28 are engaged with the pivot pins 30, 30. In addition, the engagement portions 32, 32 are engaged with the engagement projections 34, 34 on both sides of the square shaft portion 8, the shanks 33, 33 are arranged to protrude downward, and a plate-shaped shank holder 34 is fixed between the shanks 33, 33 with screws.

[0046] The automobile emergency escape device assembled in this way looks as shown in Figure 1, with the seat belt cutting device 3 arranged at one end of the glass breaking device 4 and the glass breaking device 4 arranged at the other end, and a shank 33 arranged to protrude diagonally downward from the outer case 7. In this case, the pin engagement groove 11 in the middle part of the angular shaft portion 8 and the pin switching groove 17 of the spring box 16 inserted into the angular shaft portion 8 partially overlap, and a guide pin 18 is inserted into the bent part of the pin engagement groove 11 at this overlapping part, thereby connecting the angular shaft portion 8 and the spring box 16 with a pin.

[0047] At that time, the spring box 16 is moved slightly toward the square shaft portion 8 to compress the first spring 15, and the elasticity of the spring is applied to the levers 26, 26 via the engaging projections 34, 34, causing the levers 26, 26 to rotate counterclockwise about the engaging projections 34, 34 as a fulcrum, and pressing the pivot hole 28 against the pivot pin 30. This situation is as shown in Figure 1.

[0048] When using such an automobile emergency escape device, the lever 26 is grasped and rotated counterclockwise about the engaging projection 34 as a fulcrum. By doing so, the square shaft portion 8 moves toward the seat belt cutting device 3 while compressing the first spring 15, and the guide pin 18 moves in unison with it toward the rear side of the pin switching groove 17. Furthermore, as the angular shaft portion 8 moves, the second spring 20 in the spring box 16 is compressed, and the elasticity of the first and second springs 15, 20 is accumulated.

[0049] Thereafter, when the lever 26 is further rotated in the same direction, the pivot portion 27 of the lever 26 moves upward, the pivot hole 28 retreats from the pivot pin 30 and disengages, and instead the pivot hole 29 engages with the pivot pin 31. As a result, the rotation radius of the lever 26 with the engagement protrusion 34 as the fulcrum increases, and the force required to operate the lever 26 is reduced accordingly, making it easier. The guide pin 18 moves to the base of the switching edge 17a of the pin switching groove 17 and begins to move up the switching edge 17a.

[0050] In this way, when the guide pin 18 gradually moves upward along the switching edge 17a and is pulled out from the bent portion of the pin engagement groove 11 and moves to the straight portion, the elastic restraining action of the first and second springs 15, 20 is released and the combined force of these elastic forces acts on the chip holder 21 via the guide pin 18. As a result, the tip holder 21 moves toward the tip side within the square shaft portion 8, and the impact tip 22 breaks through the protective sheet 47 and protrudes from the opening 25, making it possible to shatter the tempered glass 44 on the inner side of the laminated glass 40.

[0051] The emergency escape device 1 assembled in this manner has a simple structure for each component, and most of the components are made of synthetic resin, so that it is lightweight, easy to manufacture, and inexpensive, and reduces the labor required for the actual breaking of the laminated glass 40. In addition, since the emergency escape device 1 is small and lightweight, it can be stored in an appropriate position near the front seat inside the vehicle.

[0052] Next, when using the emergency escape device 1 to break the laminated glass 40 placed on the side of the front seat of the automobile, the emergency escape device 1 is held and first the seat belt cutting device 3 is operated, the seat belt B is inserted into the seat belt guide groove 4, and the side end of the seat belt B is cut by the seat belt cutter 6, thereby releasing the restraint of the body by the seat belt B.

[0053] Thereafter, the pressing plate 24 at the tip of the angular shaft portion 8 of the glass breaking device 4 is pressed and held against the surface of the tempered glass 44 at the lower inside portion of the laminated glass 40. In this way, the friction of the protective sheet 47 makes it easy to maintain the pressing plate 24 in a fixed position. In this situation, the emergency escape device 1 is not yet operated, so the impact tip 22 is in a rest position, with its pointed end 22a positioned away from the surface of the tempered glass 44. This situation is as shown in Figure 11(a).

[0054] In this case, the actual work position for the laminated glass can be selected according to the physique of the occupant, the riding position, and the condition of the vehicle interior. For example, the emergency work position is selected to be at the bottom, middle or top of the laminated glass depending on the physique of the occupant and their riding position, and the work is performed in a natural posture, taking into consideration the inclination of the vehicle interior, for example, up and down, left and right, and the scattered state of on-board items. and, Crushing work By When the strength of the fractured part of the laminated glass is reduced, the separated position, for example, the upper position, lower position or intermediate position of the working position, is pressed outward to push the laminated glass outward, thereby rationally forming an escape space 48. In this embodiment, since the laminated glass 40 is disposed on the side of the front seat, the breaking operation using a breaking tool can be carried out more easily and quickly than in the case where the laminated glass 40 is disposed on the windshield.

[0055] During such an emergency, when the emergency escape device 1 is operated, the impact tip 22 breaks through the protective sheet 47, protrudes from the opening 25, and hits the tempered glass 44 on the inner side of the laminated glass 40. As a result, cracks are formed in the strengthened glass 44 and propagate to the surroundings, resulting in destruction of the strengthened glass 44. This situation is shown in FIG. 11(b). In this case, since the cross section of the impact tip 22 is a vertically long rectangle and compact, the impact force and frictional force on the tempered glass 44 are small, and the elasticity of the first and second springs 15, 20 required for this can be reduced.

[0056] At that time, tiny fragments generated by the breakage of the tempered glass 44 are prevented from entering the square shaft portion 8 by the protective sheet 47, preventing them from getting caught in the impact tip 22 or tip holder 21, thereby maintaining smooth operation.

[0057] Thereafter, the impact tip 22 moves further toward the inside of the laminated glass 40, and when it reaches the interlayer film 45, the relatively flexible interlayer film 45 is quickly destroyed. This situation is as shown in FIG. 11(c). After the intermediate film 45 is broken, the impact tip 22 moves to the outer tempered glass 43, penetrates the glass 43 and forms a crack, which propagates to the periphery and breaks the tempered glass 43. This situation is as shown in Figure 11(d).

[0058] In this way, when the impact tip 22 penetrates the laminated glass 40, a vertically elongated rectangular perforation mark 46 having substantially the same shape as the cross section of the impact tip 22 is formed through the laminated glass 40. This state is as shown in FIG.

[0059] After completing the drilling of one portion of the laminated glass 40 in this manner, the lever 26 is released. By doing this, the lever 26 returns to its original position due to the elasticity of the first and second springs 15, 20, the tip holder 21 is pulled back into the square shaft portion 8, and the impact tip 22 returns to its original position within the square shaft portion 8, resetting it to the state shown in Figure 1.

[0060] Thereafter, the pressing plate 24 of the emergency escape device 1 is moved to another position close to the perforation mark 46, and a similar perforation operation is performed to form another perforation mark 46. Thereafter, this operation is repeated to form a crushed area sufficient to form an escape space 48, which will be described later. In this case, the method of occupant escape using the present invention requires only breaking a portion of the laminated glass 40, or in this embodiment, a portion of the lower region of the laminated glass 40, without breaking the entire laminated glass 40. This reduces the labor required for breaking the glass compared to breaking the entire laminated glass 40, and allows the breaking to be carried out rationally and quickly.

[0061] By increasing the crushed area of ​​the laminated glass 40 in this manner, the strength of the crushed portion gradually decreases. Therefore, the laminated glass 40 separated from the fractured portion Upward When the position is pressed outward from the vehicle interior, the flexibility of the intermediate film 45 remaining due to the lever action Laminated glass 40 is easily broken without shattering. It is pushed outward. The bending position and the installation part of the laminated glass are Retaining frame An escape space 48 through which the occupant can escape is formed between the partition spaces of the sashes 36 to 38, and the occupant can escape from the escape space 48. This situation is as shown in FIG.

[0062] In this case, as mentioned above, the actual work position for the laminated glass is selected according to the physique of the occupant, the riding position, and the condition of the vehicle interior, and the work is performed in a natural posture, which reduces the strength of the work position of the laminated glass and reduces the impact of emergency work. and by the bending displacement Laminated Glass 40 The upper edge of The surrounding Glass holding frame from Withdrawal Then, when the restraint becomes weak, the separated position, for example, the upper position, lower position or intermediate position of the working position, is pressed outward to push the laminated glass outward to form an escape space.

[0063] In this way, the emergency escape device of the present invention escape In this method, in an automobile using laminated glass, the laminated glass is placed to the side of the front seats and the upper edge of the laminated glass can be released from the restraint by the glass retaining frame. Therefore, a part of the laminated glass is broken with a breaking tool, and this breaking only requires breaking a number of places at the lower part of the laminated glass, which makes it possible to carry out the breaking work more efficiently and quickly than if the entire laminated glass were broken. Then, when the strength of the crushed area or the crushed portion is reduced, the upper portion of the laminated glass that is separated from the crushed area is pressed outward, and the crushed area is used as a fulcrum to press the laminated glass. By leveraging The laminated glass is bent from the passenger compartment side outwards.

[0064] In this way, the upper end edge of the laminated glass is separated from the glass holding frame through the outward displacement of the laminated glass, and a gap is formed between the upper end edge of the laminated glass and the glass holding frame. escape space 48 Form. The above escape space 48 is formed by utilizing the tenacity of the laminated glass, and compared with the method of breaking up the entire laminated glass, it is possible to surely and quickly form a safe and wide escape space 48 without exposing broken pieces.

[0065] FIG. 13 to FIG. Emergency escape devices for automobiles suitable for use with the present invention 13 to 17 show another embodiment of the present invention, in which the same reference numerals are used for components corresponding to those of the above-mentioned embodiment. In this embodiment, a seat belt cutting device 3 and a glass breaking device 4 are arranged on both ends of a square shaft portion 8, and a first and a second spring 15, 20 are housed inside the square shaft portion 8.

[0066] The configuration and operation of this embodiment are substantially the same as those of the previously described embodiment, with the spring box 16 connected to the square shaft portion 8 via a guide pin 18, and the spring box 16 being pressed into the square shaft portion 8 to compress the second spring 20 therein and also the first spring 15, allowing their elasticity to be stored.

[0067] The guide pin 18 is inserted into the pin engagement groove 11 and the pin switching groove 17, and the guide pin 18 is normally positioned at the bent portion of the pin engagement groove 11. It is moved along the switching edge 17a in conjunction with the movement of the spring box 16, and is made movable from the bent portion to the straight groove. At that time, the resultant elastic force of the first and second springs 15, 20 acts on the guide pin 18, which in turn acts on the tip holder 21, causing the tip holder 21 to protrude, thereby enabling the impact tip 22 to protrude from the opening 25.

[0068] In this embodiment, the lever 26 is formed into a roughly L-shape, one end of which is rotatably connected to the angular shaft portion 8 via a pin 50, and the base end portion 26a of the lever 26 is positioned so as to be engageable with the end portion of the spring box 16, thereby forming a simple chip holder 21 which can be manufactured inexpensively and rationally, thereby facilitating mass production.

[0069] 18 to 20 show a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Emergency escape device for automobiles A third embodiment is shown. In this embodiment, instead of using an impact tip 22 as a crushing tool 22 to collide with the laminated glass 40 to perforate the laminated glass 40, a high-hardness crushing bit 51 is rotatably mounted on a cylinder 52 as the crushing tool 22 to enable the laminated glass 40 to be crushed or perforated.

[0070] The crushing bit 51 has a plurality of spiral blades 51a on its cylindrical surface to enhance its crushing power. A cap 53 is attached to the end of the cylinder 52. A disc spring 55 is arranged so that it can expand and contract between a flange 54 at the base of the crushing bit 51 and the cap 53. The elasticity of the disc spring 55 causes it to expand and contract, giving an oscillating rotational motion to the crushing bit 51 when it is driven into the laminated glass 40, enabling it to crush or perforate the surface of the laminated glass 40.

[0071] In this case, in order to operate the crushing bit 51 in a swinging and rotating motion for a long period of time, it is also possible to connect the bit 51 to a motor that can be driven by a vehicle power source. It is also possible to place a gas cylinder (not shown) filled with carbon dioxide at approximately 4 MPa behind the flange 54, and rupture the sealing plate (not shown) of the gas cylinder at a predetermined time to allow the carbon dioxide to be sprayed onto the spiral blade 51a, thereby increasing the rotational force of the crushing bit 51 and improving the crushing capacity.

[0072] FIG. 21 shows the present invention Suitable for use in an automobile emergency escape system A fourth embodiment is shown. In this embodiment, the crushing tool 22, ie, the crushing bit 51, is formed in a pyramidal shape to disperse and remove glass particles and powder 56 of the laminated glass 40 during crushing, thereby enabling the laminated glass 40 to be crushed smoothly and efficiently.

[0073] Figure 22 is The vehicle emergency escape device A fifth embodiment is shown. In this embodiment, a lighting tube 57 is attached to the outside of the glass pressing plate 24, making it possible to clearly indicate the surroundings of the glass pressing plate 24 and to perform the crushing operation safely and reliably even at night. The illumination tube 57 includes a plurality of LED lamps that can be flashed by a built-in DC power source (dry cell), and these can be turned on and off by a switch (not shown). The illumination tube 57 is substantially the same as that disclosed in the applicant's previously proposed Japanese Patent No. 5757939.

[0074] In addition to the above-mentioned collision method using an impact tool or crushing using a rotary tool, other methods that can be used to crush the laminated glass 40 include, for example, irradiation with pressurized fluid such as compressed air or high-pressure water, ultrasonic irradiation, vibration destruction using a vibration method that uses repeated elastic vibrations, melting by irradiation with a laser, maser beam, or electromagnetic wave, a method in which a sharp, manual crushing tool like a can opener is pushed along the sashes 36, 38 to cut them, a method in which a small power tool such as an air hammer is used to continuously impact the periphery of the laminated glass 40 to crush it, and a method in which a rotary power tool such as a chain saw is used to continuously cut the periphery of the laminated glass 40.

[0075] 23 to 29 show the present invention. Suitable for use in an automobile emergency escape system A sixth embodiment is shown, which illustrates a novel crushing device 58 suitable for crushing the laminated glass 40. The crushing device 58 is applied to a fire extinguisher mounted on an automobile, and the fire extinguisher is loaded with a small and lightweight carbon dioxide gas cylinder 59 (about 4 MPa) as a fire extinguishing gas, and a needle tube (not shown) capable of breaking a seal plate (not shown) of the gas cylinder 59 is provided inside the seal breaking device 60 to which the gas cylinder 59 is attached. The outline of the fire extinguisher is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 5148623 already proposed by the applicant.

[0076] A seat belt introduction groove 61 is formed obliquely on the side of the breaking device 60 and opens downward, and a seat belt cutter 62 is disposed at the upper back part of this seat belt introduction groove 61 so as to be able to cut a seat belt 63 inserted into the seat belt introduction groove 61.

[0077] In the figure, 64 is a puncturing knob provided at the upper end of the puncturing device 60. By pulling the puncturing knob 64 sideways, the safety plate 65 connected to the puncturing knob 64 is removed, allowing the puncturing knob 66 ​​to be pushed down through the empty space of the safety plate 65, and the inclined tube (not shown) at the lower end of the puncturing rod (not shown) connected to the puncturing knob 66 ​​is pierced into the seal plate, making it possible to puncture the seal plate.

[0078] As a result, the carbon dioxide gas filled in the gas cylinder 59 can be ejected, and this carbon dioxide gas can be ejected from a nozzle (not shown) and sprayed toward the source of the fire (not shown). In the figure, 67 is a concavely curved gripping portion provided at the bottom of the crushing seal 60.

[0079] A mounting nut 68 is welded to the bottom surface of the gas cylinder 59, and a crushing bit 70 is attached to the female thread portion 69 of the nut 68 as the crushing tool 22. The crushing bit 70 is made of alloy tool steel (SKD11) having excellent wear resistance and is formed in a roughly arrowhead shape, and its pointed end 70a is hardened to have a high hardness.

[0080] The pointed end 70a has two generally roof-shaped small bits 71 arranged back to back, with their joint edge defined by a steep ridge 72, from whose apex 73 a short ridge 74 derives. In addition, ridges 75, 75 branch off in two directions from the lower end of ridge 74, and ridges 76, 76 branch off in two directions from the lower end of ridge 72.

[0081] A steeply tapered surface 77 is formed between the ridgelines 72, 74, 75, and 76, and one side of the ridgelines 75 and 76 is cut off vertically to form a vertical surface. A threaded shaft 78 is formed at the bottom of the pointed end 70 a , and the threaded shaft can be tightened into the female threaded portion 69 .

[0082] The tip 70a of the crushing bit 70 is formed into a polyhedron with multiple tapered surfaces, and therefore, compared to a conventional conical or pyramidal tip, it can apply impact forces in multiple directions to the automotive glass, promoting crushing and drilling, and making it possible to efficiently and quickly crush the laminated glass 40.

[0083] Therefore, the crushing device 58 equipped with the crushing bits 70 can quickly crush the laminated glass 40, enabling a vehicular occupant to quickly escape from the vehicle compartment. In addition, the crushing bit 70 can be easily attached by screwing the screw shaft 78 into the female threaded portion 69, eliminating the need for the conventional complicated work of forming an annular groove on the circumferential surface of the mounting shaft and fitting a retaining ring into the groove.

[0084] 30 to 32 show the present invention. Emergency escape device suitable for use in automobiles 1 shows a seventh embodiment of the present invention, which shows a novel crushing device 79 suitable for crushing the laminated glass 40. The crushing device 79 is applied to an emergency escape device mounted on an automobile, and the escape device is stored in an upright position inside a door pocket (not shown) of the automobile. The outline of the emergency escape device is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 6811122 already proposed by the applicant.

[0085] The emergency escape device is formed in an approximately cylindrical shape, and a seat belt introduction groove 61 is formed at an angle and opened at one end thereof. A seat belt cutter 62 is disposed at the back of this seat belt introduction groove 61 so as to be able to cut a seat belt (not shown) inserted into the seat belt introduction groove 61.

[0086] The aforementioned crushing bit 70, which is a main part of the crushing device 79, is attached to the other end of the emergency escape device, and the crushing bit 70 is attached by tightening a screw shaft 78 to a female screw portion 82 formed in a bolt head 81 which is integral with a support rod 80 arranged axially inside the cylindrical body of the emergency escape device.

[0087] In the figure, reference numeral 83 denotes a cylindrical guide disposed on the outside of a support rod 80, with spacers 84, 85 disposed on the upper and lower ends thereof, and a nut 86 screwed onto the screw shaft of the support rod 80 is disposed on the spacer 84. A coil spring-shaped balance weight 97 is disposed inside the cylindrical guide 83, and its weight enhances the inertial force when the emergency escape device is in use, thereby enhancing the impact of the crushing bit 70.

[0088] A hollow cylindrical bit holder 87 is disposed on the outside of the bolt head 81, and a cylindrical rubber protective cover 88 is disposed between the bit holder 87 and the bolt head 81. The tip of the protective cover 88 protrudes outside the cylinder, and normally surrounds the crushing bit 70 to prevent contact with fingers.

[0089] When the crushing bit 70 crushes the laminated glass 40, the tip 88a of the protective cover 88 is bent as shown in FIG. 32 to expose the pointed end of the crushing bit 70 so that it can be abutted against the plate surface of the laminated glass 40. In the figure, reference numeral 89 denotes a convex portion formed in the axial direction on the peripheral surface of the cylindrical body along the seat belt insertion groove 61, and reference numeral 90 denotes an annular groove formed on the peripheral surface of the middle part of the cylindrical body, into which an O-ring 91 is attached, which make it easier to grip the cylindrical body of the emergency escape device.

[0090] The crushing device 79 is equipped with the above-mentioned crushing bit 70 at its tip, and therefore, compared to a conventional crushing device having a conical or pyramidal tip, it can apply impact forces to the automotive glass in various directions, promoting crushing and perforation, and enabling the laminated glass 40 to be crushed efficiently and quickly. Therefore, the crushing device 79 equipped with the crushing bit 70 can quickly crush the laminated glass 40, enabling a vehicular occupant to quickly escape from the vehicle compartment.

[0091] 33 to 39 show the present invention. Emergency escape device suitable for use in automobiles 8 shows an eighth embodiment of the present invention, which shows a novel crushing device 92 suitable for crushing the laminated glass 40. The crushing device 92 is applied to a fire extinguisher mounted on an automobile, and since the fire extinguisher is substantially the same as the fire extinguisher in the sixth embodiment, the same reference symbols are used for the common components and their explanations are omitted.

[0092] In this embodiment, a mounting nut 68 is attached by welding to the bottom surface of the gas cylinder 59, and a crushing bit 93 is attached to the female thread portion 69 of the nut 68 as the crushing tool 22. The crushing bit 93 is made of alloy tool steel (SKD11) having excellent wear resistance and is formed in a roughly semi-shape, and its pointed end 93a is hardened to have a high hardness.

[0093] That is, the front shape of the pointed end 93a is slightly longer than approximately a semicircle, and both sides of the circumference are formed into acute-angled tapered surfaces 94, and flat surfaces 95 are formed parallel to the outside of the tapered surfaces 94, thereby making the tip thin and lightweight. A threaded shaft 78 is formed at the lower part of the pointed end 93 a , and the threaded shaft 78 can be tightened into the female threaded portion 69 .

[0094] The crushing bit 93 has a tip 93a formed into acute-angled tapered surfaces 94 on both sides and has a circumferential edge formed into a roughly arc shape. Therefore, compared with a conventional conical or pyramidal tip, it can apply a strong impact force to the automotive glass over a wide area, promoting crushing and perforation, and enabling the laminated glass 40 to be crushed efficiently and quickly. Therefore, the crushing device 92 equipped with the crushing bits 93 can quickly crush the laminated glass 40, allowing the occupant to quickly escape from the vehicle compartment.

[0095] 40 and 41 show the present invention. Emergency escape device suitable for use in automobiles 1 shows a ninth embodiment of the present invention, which shows a novel crushing device 96 suitable for crushing the laminated glass 40. The crushing device 96 is applied to an emergency escape device mounted on an automobile, and the escape device is stored in an upright position inside a door pocket (not shown) of the automobile. The outline of the emergency escape device is substantially the same as that of the emergency escape device in the seventh embodiment, so the same reference numerals are used for the common components, and the description thereof will be omitted.

[0096] The crushing bit 93 of this embodiment is similar to the crushing bit 93 in the eighth embodiment, and has both sides of its tip 93a formed into acute-angled tapered surfaces 94, and the periphery is formed into a roughly arc-like shape. Therefore, compared with the conventional conical or pyramidal tip, a stronger impact force is applied to the automotive glass over a wider area, promoting crushing and perforation, and the laminated glass 40 can be crushed efficiently and quickly. Therefore, the crushing device 96 equipped with the crushing bits 93 can quickly crush the laminated glass 40, allowing the occupant to quickly escape from the vehicle compartment.

[0097] 42 to 48 show the present invention. Emergency escape device suitable for use in automobiles This embodiment shows a new crushing device 98 suitable for crushing the laminated glass 40. The crushing device 98 is applied to a fire extinguisher mounted on an automobile, and since the fire extinguisher is substantially the same as the fire extinguisher in the sixth embodiment, the same reference numerals are used to denote the common components, and the description thereof will be omitted.

[0098] In this embodiment, a mounting nut 68 is welded to the bottom surface of the gas cylinder 59, and the male thread portion 78 of a crushing bit 99 serving as the crushing tool 22 is attached to the female thread portion 69 of the nut 68 by tightening. The crushing bit 99 is made of alloy tool steel (SKD11) having excellent wear resistance and is formed in a generally house-like shape, and its pointed end 99a is hardened to have a high hardness.

[0099] The pointed end 99a has tapered surfaces 100, 100 formed at the tip of a roughly house-shaped cross section intersecting in a roof shape, and the four sides are cut off vertically to form a horizontally elongated rectangular vertical surface 101 and a house-shaped vertical surface 102 arranged opposite each other. A threaded shaft 78 is formed at the bottom of the pointed end 99 a , and the threaded shaft 78 can be tightened into the female threaded portion 69 .

[0100] The tip of the crushing bit 99 is formed into a plurality of acute-angled tapered surfaces 99 and a vertical surface 102, and the periphery is cut off vertically to form an elongated rectangular vertical surface 101 and a house-shaped vertical surface 102. Therefore, compared to the conventional conical or pyramidal tip, it is able to exert a strong impact force on the automotive glass, promoting crushing and perforation, and enabling the laminated glass 40 to be crushed efficiently and quickly. Therefore, the crushing device 98 equipped with the crushing bits 99 can quickly crush the laminated glass 40, allowing the occupant to quickly escape from the vehicle compartment.

[0101] 49 and 50 show the present invention. Emergency escape device suitable for use in automobiles 1, which shows a novel crushing device 103 suitable for crushing laminated glass 40. The crushing device 103 is applied to an emergency escape device mounted on an automobile, and the escape device is stored in an upright position inside a door pocket (not shown) of the automobile. Since the emergency escape device of this embodiment is substantially the same as the emergency escape device of the seventh embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for the common components, and the description thereof will be omitted.

[0102] The crushing bit 99 of this embodiment is similar to the crushing bit 99 in the tenth embodiment, and has both sides of its tip 99a formed into acute-angled tapered surfaces 100, and the periphery is cut off vertically to form an elongated rectangular vertical surface 101 and a house-shaped vertical surface 102. Compared to the conventional conical or pyramidal tip, this applies a strong impact force to the automotive glass over a wide area, promoting crushing and perforation, and making it possible to efficiently and quickly crush the laminated glass 40. Therefore, the crushing device 103 equipped with the crushing bits 99 can quickly crush the laminated glass 40, allowing the occupant to quickly escape from the vehicle compartment. [Industrial Applicability]

[0103] In this way, the vehicle emergency escape device of the present invention can prevent the passengers from being injured in an emergency. escape The method is, for example, when an automobile equipped with laminated glass is submerged in water or an occupant is trapped inside the automobile due to a traffic accident, etc., to safely and quickly evacuate the occupant from the automobile using an automobile emergency escape device equipped inside the automobile. escape This is what has been made possible. [Explanation of symbols]

[0104] 1 Emergency escape device 3 Seatbelt cutting device 22 Crushing tool (impact tip) 37 Glass holding frame 48 Escape Space B. Seat belt

Claims

[Claim 1] In a method for emergency evacuation of an occupant using an emergency evacuation device for an automobile, the method comprises providing an emergency evacuation device having a seat belt cutting device and a breaking tool in an automobile equipped with laminated glass, arranging the laminated glass on the front door side, cutting the seat belt with the seat belt cutting device, releasing the restraint of the occupant's body to enable the breaking tool to be used, breaking a predetermined area of ​​the laminated glass from the passenger compartment side with the breaking tool, forming an escape space for the occupant on or around the laminated glass with the breaking part, and enabling the occupant to escape from the automobile through the escape space, the seat belt cutting device is connected to a seat belt guide. A seat belt cutter is provided at the back of the seat belt entry groove, and the seat belt is inserted into the seat belt entry groove and cut by the seat belt cutter. A tip holder with an impact tip connected thereto is disposed inside the emergency escape device, and the pointed end of the impact tip is biased via an elastic member so as to impact and shatter the tempered glass sheet on the passenger compartment side of the laminated glass. Meanwhile, a pair of levers having a substantially inverted L-shape are disposed facing each other inside the escape device, and their middle parts are rotatably connected. The levers are grasped, and the connecting parts of the levers are made movable via the rotational displacement, and the impact tip protrudes. Thereafter, the lever is released from grip, and the lever is returned to its original position via the elastic member, and the impact tip is returned to its original position, allowing the lever and the impact tip to be reset, and allowing repeated use of the lever to be performed. Meanwhile, the laminated glass is provided such that its upper end periphery can be released from the restraint by the glass holding frame, and the emergency escape operation includes breaking a portion of the laminated glass with a breaking tool, and pressing and bending the laminated glass, the breaking tool having a component capable of breaking a predetermined area of ​​the lower part of the laminated glass from the vehicle interior side, and the breaking is performed by continuously breaking a plurality of points of the lower part of the laminated glass. a crushing force acting as a fulcrum to press the laminated glass outward from the passenger compartment side by this action, the crushing force acting as a fulcrum to cause the laminated glass to bend outward from the passenger compartment side by this action, the pressing and bending displacement of the laminated glass causes the upper edge of the laminated glass to separate from the glass retaining frame, and an escape space for passengers is formed between the upper edge of the laminated glass and the glass retaining frame, the passengers are allowed to face the passenger compartment side of the escape space, and the passengers are allowed to escape to the outside of the vehicle.

Images