Touch display panel and electronic device

Abstract

A touch display panel includes a base substrate, and a display structure and a touch structure stacked on the base substrate, the touch structure including a first metal mesh layer, wherein the orthogonal projection of at least one mesh hole of the first metal mesh layer on the base substrate covers the orthogonal projection of two pixel opening regions of two adjacent sub-pixels on the base substrate, the two adjacent sub-pixels are configured to emit light of the same first primary color, and the center-to-center distance between the two pixel opening regions is less than the center-to-center distance between two pixel opening regions of two other sub-pixels emitting light of the same primary color, and the touch display panel has an excellent display effect.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] This application claims priority to PCT International Application No. PCT / CN / 2020 / 073237, filed January 20, 2020, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a touch display panel and an electronic device. [Background technology]

[0003] User interfaces with touch functions are widely applied in various electronic devices, such as display devices. The touch structure for realizing the touch function includes a touch electrode structure, and the placement of the touch electrode structure is an important factor that affects the user experience. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a touch display panel, comprising: a base substrate; and a display structure and a touch structure stacked on the base substrate, the display structure comprising a plurality of sub-pixels, the plurality of sub-pixels being arranged along a first direction and a second direction, each of the plurality of sub-pixels comprising a light-emitting element and a pixel opening region exposing the light-emitting element, the first direction intersecting the second direction, the touch structure comprising a first metal mesh layer, the first metal mesh layer comprising a plurality of first metal meshes defined by a plurality of first metal lines, the plurality of first metal meshes being stacked on the base substrate ... the orthogonal projections of a number of first metal lines on the base substrate are located outside the orthogonal projections of a plurality of pixel opening areas of the plurality of subpixels on the base substrate, the orthogonal projections of each mesh hole of at least one first metal mesh on the base substrate cover the orthogonal projections of two pixel opening areas of two adjacent subpixels on the base substrate, the two adjacent subpixels are first subpixels and are configured to emit light of the same first primary color, and the center-to-center distance between the two pixel opening areas of the two first subpixels is less than the center-to-center distance between the two pixel opening areas of two other subpixels emitting light of the same primary color.

[0005] In some examples, the areas of the two pixel aperture regions of the two first sub-pixels are the same and are less than the areas of the pixel aperture regions of the sub-pixels emitting light of the other primary color.

[0006] In some examples, the sub-pixels are distributed among a plurality of pixel units, each of the pixel units is configured as a full-color light, and the two first sub-pixels belong to two pixel units respectively.

[0007] In some examples, each sub-pixel that emits light different from the first primary color is configured to be shared by at least two pixel units.

[0008] In some examples, the first primary color is green.

[0009] In some examples, any orthogonal projections on the base substrate of mesh holes of other first metal meshes directly connected to the at least one first metal mesh cover only the orthogonal projections on the base substrate of a pixel opening area of ​​one subpixel.

[0010] In some examples, the multiple first metal meshes are arranged along the first direction and the second direction, each of the multiple first metal meshes is hexagonal, and the extension directions of the longest sides of each first metal mesh are parallel to each other and all run along the second direction.

[0011] In some examples, the pixel opening area contours of the pixel opening areas corresponding to each first metal mesh are all hexagonal, the six sides of each of the first metal meshes are parallel to the six sides of the corresponding pixel opening area contour, the two adjacent sides of two adjacent pixel opening area contours are parallel to each other and a first metal line is installed between them, the orthogonal projections of the two adjacent sides of the two adjacent pixel opening area contours on the base substrate are both parallel to the orthogonal projections of the first metal line on the base substrate, and the distance between the orthogonal projections of the first metal line on the base substrate is the same.

[0012] In some examples, the average line width of the first metal line and the interval between two adjacent pixel opening area contours are: (PDLGAPmax-PDLGAPmin) x 0.5 <X<PDLGAPmax×0.167 where X is the average line width of the first metal lines, and PDLGAPmax and PDLGAPmin are the maximum and minimum values ​​of the distance between the contours of two adjacent pixel aperture regions, respectively.

[0013] In some examples, the plurality of sub-pixels further includes a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel is configured to emit light of a second primary color and the third sub-pixel is configured to emit light of a third primary color, areas of the pixel aperture regions of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel increase in order, a pixel aperture region contour of the two adjacent first sub-pixels is a first pixel aperture region contour, a pixel aperture region contour of the second sub-pixel is a second pixel aperture region contour, and a pixel aperture region contour of the third sub-pixel is a third pixel aperture region contour, a maximum value of a distance between the two adjacent pixel aperture region contours is a distance between the second pixel aperture region contour and the third pixel aperture region contour adjacent in a third direction, and the third direction is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the second direction.

[0014] In some examples, a first metal mesh corresponding to the second pixel opening region contour includes adjacent first and second sides, the first side being neither parallel nor perpendicular to the second direction, the second side being neither parallel nor perpendicular to the second direction, the first side being located between the second pixel opening region contour and the first pixel opening region contour, the second side being located between the second pixel opening region contour and the third pixel opening region contour, and the first side being longer than the second side.

[0015] In some examples, the first metal mesh layer includes a plurality of first touch sub-electrodes and a plurality of first connecting electrodes arranged along the first direction, the plurality of first touch sub-electrodes and the plurality of first connecting electrodes are arranged alternately one by one and electrically connected in sequence to form a first touch electrode extending along the first direction, the first metal mesh layer further includes a plurality of second touch sub-electrodes arranged in sequence along a second direction and spaced apart from each other, each of the plurality of first touch sub-electrodes and each of the second touch sub-electrodes are spaced apart from each other and each include a plurality of first metal meshes.

[0016] In some examples, the touch structure further includes a second metal mesh layer, the first metal mesh layer and the second metal mesh layer are separated by an insulating layer located between the first metal mesh layer and the second metal mesh layer, the second metal mesh layer includes a plurality of second metal meshes defined by a plurality of second metal lines, the orthogonal projections of the plurality of second metal lines on the base substrate are located outside the orthogonal projections of the pixel opening regions of the plurality of subpixels on the base substrate, and the second metal mesh layer includes a plurality of second connection electrodes spaced apart from each other, each of the plurality of second connection electrodes being electrically connected to adjacent second touch sub-electrodes by a plurality of vias in the insulating layer, thereby electrically connecting adjacent second touch sub-electrodes to form a second touch electrode extending in the second direction.

[0017] In some examples, a plurality of second metal lines in at least two second metal meshes in each of the plurality of second connection electrodes and a plurality of first metal lines in at least two first metal meshes of adjacent second touch sub-electrodes each overlap in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate, whereby the at least two first metal meshes have a plurality of vertices overlapping with the at least two second metal meshes, and each of the plurality of vias is located at one vertex, which is referred to as a connection vertex.

[0018] In some examples, at most one of the vertices adjacent to each connected vertex is also a connected vertex.

[0019] In some instances, none of the vertices adjacent to each connected vertex are connected vertices.

[0020] In some examples, the at least two second metal meshes are edge metal meshes of the second connection electrode, and the at least two first metal meshes are edge metal meshes of the second touch electrode.

[0021] In some examples, adjacent second touch sub-electrodes are electrically connected by two of the second connecting electrodes, and the two second connecting electrodes are spaced apart from each other and symmetrical with respect to a central axis extending in the second direction.

[0022] In some examples, the orthogonal projection of each of the plurality of first connection electrodes on the second metal mesh layer is located within a gap between the two second connection electrodes between adjacent second touch sub-electrodes, and each of the plurality of first touch sub-electrodes is electrically connected to an adjacent first connection electrode by at least one connection line consisting of a plurality of first metal wires connected in sequence from the beginning to the end.

[0023] In some examples, the first metal lines connected in sequence from the top to the bottom overlap with the second metal lines in the second connection electrode in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate.

[0024] In some examples, the average line width of the first metal lines is greater than the average line width of the second metal lines.

[0025] In some examples, each of a plurality of first metal lines located in a boundary region between adjacent first and second touch sub-electrodes includes a plurality of spaces, and each of the plurality of spaces divides the first metal line including it into two first metal line segments, one of which belongs to the first touch sub-electrode and the other of which belongs to the second touch sub-electrode, thereby isolating the adjacent first and second touch sub-electrodes.

[0026] In some examples, the plurality of spaces include a plurality of first spaces located on a straight line, the plurality of first spaces are each located on a plurality of first metal lines perpendicular to the straight line, at least one first metal line is present between at least two first spaces, the at least one first metal line intersects the straight line, and no space is present at the intersection of the at least one first metal line with the straight line.

[0027] In some examples, the first metal mesh layer includes a plurality of first touch electrodes arranged along the second direction, at least one first metal mesh includes three first metal mesh portions insulated from each other, and the three first metal mesh portions respectively belong to three touch sub-electrodes insulated from each other, and the three touch sub-electrodes include two first touch sub-electrodes adjacent to each other in the second direction and one second touch sub-electrode located between the two first touch sub-electrodes, or two second touch sub-electrodes adjacent to each other in the first direction and one first touch sub-electrode located between the two second touch sub-electrodes.

[0028] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electronic device including the above touch display panel. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0029] In order to clearly explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following briefly describes the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description relate only to some embodiments of the present disclosure and do not limit the present disclosure.

[0030] [Figure 1A] FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of a pixel layout of a display structure in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 1B] FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of a display structure in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 1C] FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view taken along the section line AA' of FIG. 1B. [Figure 1D] FIG. 1D is a schematic diagram of a display structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pixel arrangement of a display structure according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 3A] FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram 1 of a touch structure in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3B] FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram 2 of a touch structure in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4A] FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram 3 of a touch structure in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4B] FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram 3 of a touch structure in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5A] FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram 4 of a touch structure in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5B] FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB' of FIG. 5A. [Figure 5C] FIG. 5C is a schematic diagram 5 of a touch structure in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5D] FIG. 5D is a cross-sectional view taken along the section line DD' of FIG. 5A. [Figure 5E] FIG. 5E is a schematic diagram 6 of a touch structure in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6A] FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram 7 of a touch structure in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6B] FIG. 6B is a schematic diagram 8 of a touch structure in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7A] FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram of the space design of metal lines. [Figure 7B] FIG. 7B is a simulation diagram of the anti-shadow design of the touch structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram 9 of a touch structure in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram 10 of a touch structure in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a touch structure in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings, and the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, their multiple features and advantageous details will be more fully described with reference to the non-limiting exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings and described in detail in the following description. Note that the features shown in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. The present disclosure omits the description of known materials, units and process techniques so as not to obscure the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. The examples given are only intended to facilitate the understanding of the implementation of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and to enable those skilled in the art to implement the exemplary embodiments. Therefore, it should be understood that these examples do not limit the scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure should have the ordinary meaning that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The terms "first", "second" and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. In addition, in each embodiment of this disclosure, the same or similar symbols indicate the same or similar members.

[0033] Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panels have high future prospects due to their characteristics of self-luminescence, high contrast, low energy consumption, wide viewing angle, fast response speed, applicability to flexible panels, wide applicable temperature range, and easy manufacturing. In order to meet the diverse needs of users, it is important to integrate multiple functions such as touch function and fingerprint recognition function into the display panel. For example, forming an on-cell touch structure on the OLED display panel is one implementation form, in which the touch structure is formed on the packaging film of the OLED display panel to realize the touch function of the display panel.

[0034] For example, a mutual capacitance touch structure includes a plurality of touch electrodes, including touch drive electrodes and touch sense electrodes extending in different directions, where the touch drive electrodes and the touch sense electrodes form mutual capacitance for touch sensing at their intersections. The touch drive electrodes are used to input an excitation signal (touch drive signal), and the touch sense electrodes are used to output a touch sense signal. For example, by inputting an excitation signal to a touch drive electrode extending vertically and receiving a touch sense signal from a touch sense electrode extending horizontally, a detection signal can be obtained that reflects the capacitance value of the coupling point (e.g., the intersection) of the horizontal electrode and the vertical electrode. When a finger touches the capacitive screen, it affects the coupling between the touch drive electrode and the touch sense electrode near the touch point, thereby changing the value of the mutual capacitance at the intersection of the two electrodes, thereby changing the touch sense signal. The coordinates of the touch point can be calculated based on the data of the two-dimensional capacitance change amount of the touch panel based on the touch sense signal.

[0035] The touch electrode is formed of a metal mesh pattern. The metal mesh has excellent ductility and flexibility, which improves the bending resistance and processability of the touch electrode, making it suitable for flexible electronic applications.

[0036] For example, when the touch electrode formed by the metal mesh is integrated into a display panel, the metal lines in the metal mesh need to be arranged outside the pixel opening areas of the display panel, so as to avoid the reduction of pixel opening ratio caused by the light shielding of the metal lines. For example, the metal lines in the metal mesh are arranged corresponding to the pixel spacing areas between the pixel opening areas, and the mesh holes in the metal mesh are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the pixel opening areas, so as to expose the light-emitting elements of each sub-pixel.

[0037] The inventors have found that, for example, when the intervals between subpixels in a display panel are not necessarily uniform and two subpixels are closely spaced, the metal line installed correspondingly between the two subpixels will be close to the pixel aperture regions of the subpixels, which is likely to adversely affect the display functions of the two subpixels, such as blocking light emitted from the subpixels and reflecting light emitted from the subpixels when viewed from an oblique angle, resulting in problems such as cross color, etc. Furthermore, when the area of ​​the pixel aperture region of the subpixel is small, the adverse effects become more pronounced.

[0038] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a touch display panel, comprising: a base substrate; and a display structure and a touch structure stacked on the base substrate, wherein a positive projection of each mesh hole of at least one first metal mesh on the base substrate covers a positive projection of two pixel opening areas of two adjacent sub-pixels on the base substrate, the two adjacent sub-pixels are first sub-pixels configured to emit light of the same first primary color, and a center-to-center distance between the two pixel opening areas of the two first sub-pixels is less than a center-to-center distance between the two pixel opening areas of two sub-pixels emitting light of the same other primary color.

[0039] However, the above "center" refers to the geometric center of the planar shape of the pixel aperture region, which is parallel to the base substrate.

[0040] By arranging the pixel opening regions of two closely spaced sub-pixels to share the same mesh hole, i.e., by removing the metal line between the two pixel opening regions, the distance from the metal line in the metal mesh to the pixel opening region is sufficient, thereby avoiding the adverse effects on display caused by the short distance from the metal line to the pixel opening region, and effectively improving the display effect.

[0041] The two adjacent sub-pixels emit light of the same color, so the distance between the pixel aperture regions can be reduced without causing cross-color problems, and when manufacturing an organic light-emitting diode using a precision metal mask (FMM) deposition process, the light-emitting layers of the two sub-pixels can be formed through one deposition hole, which reduces the difficulty of the manufacturing process, for example, the light-emitting layers of the two sub-pixels are integrally connected to each other.

[0042] For example, the areas of the pixel aperture regions of the two sub-pixels are the same and are less than the areas of the pixel aperture regions of the sub-pixels emitting light of the other primary color.

[0043] In order to improve the display resolution, the usual red, green and blue sub-pixels can be modified to easily define one pixel mode, and the display capability of the same pixel resolution can be simulated and realized with fewer sub-pixels, thereby reducing the difficulty and manufacturing cost of the manufacturing process. For example, in some pixel arrangements, the pixel structure includes a plurality of first sub-pixels, a plurality of second sub-pixels and a plurality of third sub-pixels, where the first sub-pixels are configured to emit light of a first primary color, the second sub-pixels are configured to emit light of a second primary color, and the third sub-pixels are configured to emit light of a third primary color. Each pixel unit includes one first sub-pixel, and each sub-pixel that emits light different from the first primary color, i.e., each second sub-pixel and each third sub-pixel is shared by at least two pixel units, and each pixel unit is configured to emit full-color light. Since each pixel unit includes one first sub-pixel, the density of the first sub-pixels is the highest.

[0044] Since the second and third sub-pixels in each pixel unit are shared by adjacent pixel units, the pixel unit in the embodiment of the present invention is not a pixel unit in the strict sense, i.e., one complete first sub-pixel, one second sub-pixel and one third sub-pixel define one pixel, and therefore the pixel unit is also referred to as a virtual pixel unit.

[0045] For example, a plurality of pixel units are arranged in an array in a first direction and a second direction, the first direction and the second direction being different directions, for example perpendicular to each other, and the density of the sub-pixels in the first direction of the pixel array and the second direction of the pixel array are both 1.5 times the density of the pixel units.

[0046] For example, to take advantage of the difference in resolution of different colored subpixels as seen by the human eye, different pixels can share subpixels of colors that are not sensitive to resolution at a particular location, for example a first primary color being green, a second primary color being red, and a third primary color being blue.

[0047] For example, based on the physiological structure of the human eye, the resolution of the human eye is determined by the density of luminance-sensitive rod photoreceptors and color-sensitive cone photoreceptors in the retina of the human eye. Among the three primary colors, the density of cone photoreceptors sensitive to short wavelength blue is the lowest, followed by red, and the luminance effect (stimulation of luminance-sensitive rod photoreceptors) of blue and red is much lower than that of green, which causes the sensitivity of the human eye to blue and red subpixels to be significantly lower than that to green subpixels. Under a given pixel resolution, the human eye can identify the luminance center position of a pixel and has normal color sense, but cannot identify the position or boundary of blue or red subpixels on a pixel scale, thus allowing adjacent pixels to share adjacent blue and red subpixels to a certain extent.

[0048] For example, the sub-pixels of the present disclosure have a pixel structure that corresponds one-to-one with the light-emitting elements and have independent pixel driving circuits.

[0049] For example, the touch display panel may be a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light emitting diode display panel, a quantum dot light emitting diode display panel, an electronic paper display panel, etc., and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited by the type of the display panel.

[0050] Hereinafter, the touch display panel according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described by taking an example in which the first primary color is green and the touch display panel is an organic light emitting diode display panel, but the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0051] FIG. 1A shows a schematic diagram of a pixel arrangement according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1A, the pixel arrangement structure includes a plurality of sub-pixels, which are arranged in a first direction D1 and a second direction D2. The first direction D1 and the second direction D2 are different directions, for example, perpendicular to each other. The plurality of sub-pixels include a plurality of first sub-pixels, a plurality of second sub-pixels, and a plurality of third sub-pixels, for example, the first sub-pixel is a green (G) sub-pixel 11, the second sub-pixel is a red (R) sub-pixel 12, and the third sub-pixel is a blue (B) sub-pixel 13, and each pixel unit 10 includes one green sub-pixel 11, and each red sub-pixel 12 and each blue sub-pixel 13 are shared by two adjacent pixel units 10, respectively, so that the boundaries of the pixel units 10 are also very blurred. The embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited on the shape of the pixel unit 10, and the pixel unit 10 is exemplarily shown by a dashed circle in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, respectively. The pixel units 10 are arranged in an array along a first direction D1 and a second direction D2.

[0052] 1A , the green subpixels 11 are arranged in pairs, adjacent to each other, and the distance between adjacent green subpixels is less than the distance between any two subpixels emitting light of the same color, i.e., less than the distance between the red subpixel 12 and the blue subpixel 13, less than the distance between the green subpixel 11 and the red subpixel 12, and less than the distance between the green subpixel 11 and the blue subpixel 13. For example, a pair of green subpixels 11 is arranged along the second direction D2.

[0053] For example, one red subpixel 12 and one blue subpixel 13 are arranged between two green subpixel pairs adjacent in the second direction D2, and the red subpixel 12 and the blue subpixel 13 are arranged along the first direction D1.

[0054] FIG. 1B shows a touch display panel according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the display structure of which uses the pixel arrangement structure shown in FIG. 1A, and FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view along the section line A-A' in FIG. 1B.

[0055] As shown in Figures 1B and 1C, the touch display panel 20 includes a base substrate 21, a display structure 30 and a touch structure 40 stacked on the base substrate 21, and the touch structure 40 is located on the display structure 30 and is close to the user during use.

[0056] For example, the touch display panel is an OLED display panel, and the display structure 30 includes a plurality of sub-pixels, including the above-mentioned green sub-pixel 11, red sub-pixel 12 and blue sub-pixel 13. Each sub-pixel includes a light-emitting element 23 and a pixel driving circuit that drives the light-emitting element 23 to emit light. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited by the type and specific components of the pixel driving circuit, and for example, the pixel driving circuit may be a current-driven type or a voltage-driven type, a 2T1C (i.e., two transistors and one capacitor, the two transistors including a driving transistor and a data writing transistor) driving circuit, or a driving circuit based on 2T1C further including a compensation circuit (compensation transistor), a light-emitting control circuit (light-emitting control transistor), a reset circuit (reset transistor), etc.

[0057] 1C shows only the first transistor 24 directly electrically connected to the light-emitting element 23 in the pixel driving circuit, and the first transistor 24 may be a driving transistor, configured to operate in a saturated state and control the magnitude of a current that drives the light-emitting element 23 to emit light. For example, the first transistor 24 may be an emission control transistor, used to control whether a current flows that drives the light-emitting element 23 to emit light. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to a specific type of the first transistor.

[0058] For example, the light-emitting element 23 is an organic light-emitting diode, and includes a first electrode 231, a light-emitting layer 233, and a second electrode 232. One of the first electrode 231 and the second electrode 232 is an anode, and the other is a cathode, for example, the first electrode 231 is an anode, and the second electrode 232 is a cathode. For example, the light-emitting layer 233 is an organic light-emitting layer or a quantum dot light-emitting layer. For example, the light-emitting element 23 may further include auxiliary functional layers, such as a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron injection layer, and an electron transport layer, in addition to the light-emitting layer 233. For example, the light-emitting element 23 is an upper light-emitting structure, the first electrode 231 has reflectivity, and the second electrode 232 has transmissivity or semi-transmissivity. For example, the first electrode 231 is a high work function material used as an anode, such as an ITO / Ag / ITO stacked structure, and the second electrode 232 is a low work function material used as a cathode, such as a semi-transparent metal or metal alloy material, such as an Ag / Mg alloy material.

[0059] The first transistor 24 includes a gate 241, a gate insulating layer 242, an active layer 243, a first electrode 244, and a second electrode 245, and the second electrode 245 is electrically connected to the first electrode 231 of the light-emitting element 23. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited in type, material, or structure of the first transistor 24, and may be, for example, a top-gate type, a bottom-gate type, etc., the active layer 243 of the first transistor 24 may be amorphous silicon, polysilicon (low-temperature polysilicon and high-temperature polysilicon), an oxide semiconductor (for example, indium gallium tin oxide (IGZO)), etc., and the first transistor 24 may be an N-type or a P-type.

[0060] The transistors used in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be thin film transistors or field effect transistors or other switching devices having the same characteristics, and the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with thin film transistors as an example. The source and drain of the transistor used here may be symmetrical in structure, and therefore the source and drain do not need to be distinguished in structure. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, in order to distinguish between the two poles other than the gate of the transistor, one is directly described as a first pole and the other as a second pole.

[0061] As shown in Figures 1B and 1C, the display structure 30 further includes a pixel definition layer 32, which is disposed on the first electrode 231 of the light-emitting element 23, and a plurality of openings 320 are formed therein, respectively exposing the first electrodes 231 of a plurality of sub-pixels, thereby defining pixel aperture areas of each sub-pixel, the light-emitting layers of the sub-pixels are formed in the pixel aperture areas, and the second electrode 232 is formed as a common electrode (i.e., shared by a plurality of sub-pixels), and the pixel definition layer 32 includes a pixel aperture area 110 of the green sub-pixel 11 (first sub-pixel), a pixel aperture area 120 of the red sub-pixel 12 (second sub-pixel), and a pixel aperture area 130 of the blue sub-pixel 13 (third sub-pixel).

[0062] The touch structure 40 includes a first metal mesh layer 50, which includes a plurality of first metal meshes 52 defined by a plurality of first metal lines 51, and the orthogonal projections of the plurality of first metal lines 51 on the base substrate 21 are located outside the orthogonal projections on the base substrate 21 of the pixel opening regions of the plurality of sub-pixels, i.e., located within the orthogonal projections on the base substrate 21 of the pixel isolation regions between the pixel opening regions, which are the non-aperture regions 321 of the pixel defining layer 32. The pixel isolation regions are used to separate the pixel opening regions of the plurality of sub-pixels and separate the light emitting layers of each sub-pixel, thereby preventing cross-color.

[0063] As shown in FIG. 1B, the orthogonal projection of a mesh hole 520 of at least one first metal mesh 52 on the base substrate 21 covers the orthogonal projection of two pixel opening areas 110 of two adjacent green subpixels 11 (i.e., one green subpixel pair) on the base substrate, i.e., no corresponding first metal line 51 is installed between the two pixel opening areas 110.

[0064] 1B , the center distance S1 of the pixel aperture areas 110 of the two adjacent green subpixels 11 is less than the center distance S2 of the pixel aperture areas 120 of the two adjacent red subpixels 12, or less than the center distance S3 of the pixel aperture areas 130 of the two adjacent blue subpixels 13.

[0065] 1B , the center-to-center distance between the pixel aperture regions 110 of the two adjacent green subpixels 11 is less than the center-to-center distance between the pixel aperture region 110 of any one of the green subpixels 11 and the pixel aperture region of an adjacent subpixel of the other color. As shown in FIG 1B , the center-to-center distance between the pixel aperture region 110 of the two adjacent green subpixels 11 is less than the center-to-center distance S4 between the pixel aperture region 110 of the green subpixel 11 and the pixel aperture region 120 of the adjacent red subpixel 12, and is less than the center-to-center distance S5 between the pixel aperture region 110 of the green subpixel 11 and the pixel aperture region 130 of the adjacent blue subpixel 13.

[0066] 1B , the orthogonal projections of mesh holes 520 of another first metal mesh 52 directly connected to the first metal mesh 52 on the base substrate 21 only cover the orthogonal projections of pixel opening regions of one subpixel on the base substrate 21, because the subpixels adjacent to the green subpixel pair are subpixels of another color, and the pixel opening regions of the subpixels of the other color have a large gap between them, and the pixel opening regions are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first metal mesh 52, thereby improving the density of the touch electrodes and thereby improving the touch sensitivity.

[0067] For example, when manufacturing an organic light-emitting diode through a precision metal mask (FMM) deposition process, the light-emitting layers of the two sub-pixels can be formed through one deposition hole, thereby reducing the difficulty of the manufacturing process.

[0068] 1B, the first metal meshes 52 are arranged along the first direction D1 and the second direction D2. For example, each of the first metal meshes 52 is a polygon, for example a hexagon, and each of the first metal meshes 51 includes two opposing sides extending along the second direction D2, the two sides may have the same length or different lengths, and the two sides include the longest sides of the first metal meshes 52, that is, the longest sides of each of the first metal meshes are parallel to the second direction D2. For example, the six sides of the first metal mesh 52 include three pairs of sides that are opposed to each other, for example, the opposing pairs of sides are parallel to each other, and for example, the opposing pairs of sides are not parallel to each other except for a pair of sides that are parallel to the second direction D2.

[0069] As shown in FIG. 1B, for example, the pixel aperture regions of the green subpixel 11, the red subpixel 12 and the blue subpixel 13 are all polygonal in shape, for example, the pixel aperture regions of the red subpixel 12 and the blue subpixel 13 are all hexagonal in shape, and the pixel aperture region of the green subpixel 11 is pentagonal in shape.

[0070] 1B , dashed lines indicate pixel opening region contours of pixel opening regions (i.e., pixel opening regions covered by mesh holes of the first metal mesh) corresponding to each first metal mesh 52. For example, pixel opening regions 110 of two green subpixels 11 arranged as a pair are arranged in parallel in the second direction and share a mesh hole 520 of one first metal mesh 52, and the outline of the two pixel opening regions 110 is called a first pixel opening region contour 115, the pixel opening region contour of the red subpixel is a second pixel opening region contour 125, and the pixel opening region contour of the third subpixel is a third pixel opening region contour 135, and the first pixel opening region contour 115, the second pixel opening region contour 125, and the third pixel opening region contour 135 are all hexagonal and adjacent to each other in pairs.

[0071] For example, the six sides of each of the first metal meshes are parallel to the six sides of the corresponding pixel opening region contour.

[0072] For example, two adjacent sides of two adjacent pixel opening region contours are parallel to each other, and one first metal line 51 is installed between them, and the orthogonal projections of the two adjacent sides of the two adjacent pixel opening region contours on the base substrate 21 are both parallel to the orthogonal projections of the first metal line 51 on the base substrate 51, and the distance between the orthogonal projections of the first metal line 51 on the base substrate 21 is the same, that is, the first metal line 51 between the two adjacent pixel opening regions is located at the middle position of the gap between the two pixel opening region contours, and the minimum distance between the first metal line 51 and the two pixel opening regions (the distance between the side of the first metal line closest to the pixel opening region) is the same. By installing in this way, it is possible to avoid adverse effects on the light of the pixel opening region caused by the first metal line being too close to either of the two pixel opening regions, and by installing in this way, the effects of the first metal line on the light of the two pixel opening regions are the same, thereby improving the uniformity of the display.

[0073] For convenience of explanation, the distance between the orthogonal projections of two parallel and close sides of two adjacent pixel aperture area contours on the base substrate 21 is called the gap between the two adjacent pixel aperture area contours (PDL GAP).

[0074] 1B , in the first direction D1, a distance t1 between the adjacent second pixel opening region contour 125 and third pixel opening region contour 135, a distance t2 between the adjacent second pixel opening region contour 125 and first pixel opening region contour 115, and a distance t3 of the orthogonal projection on the base substrate of the adjacent first pixel opening region contour 115 and third pixel opening region contour 135 are the same or approximately the same. For example, t1 is 23 microns, t2 is 22.8 microns, and t3 is 23 microns.

[0075] 1B, in an inclination direction that is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the second direction D2, the interval k2 between the adjacent second pixel opening region contour 125 and first pixel opening region contour 115 and the interval k3 between the adjacent third pixel opening region contour 135 and first pixel opening region contour 115 are substantially the same as t1, t2, and t3. For example, the interval k1 between the adjacent second pixel opening region contour 125 and third pixel opening region contour 135 in an inclination direction that is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the second direction D2 is the maximum interval (PDLGAPmax) between the pixel opening region contours, that is, the interval k1 is larger than the interval (t1, t2, t3, k2, k3) between any other two adjacent pixel opening region contours. For example, the distance t2 between the second pixel opening region contour 125 and the first pixel opening region contour 115 adjacent in the first direction D1 is the minimum distance between the pixel opening region contours (PDLGAPmin), i.e., the distance t2 is less than the distance between any other two adjacent pixel opening region contours (t1, t3, k1, k2, k3).

[0076] For example, the average line width of the first metal line 51, the average line width of the second metal line 61, and the interval between the contours of two adjacent pixel opening regions are (PDLGAPmax-PDLGAPmin) x 0.5 <X<PDLGAPmax×0.167 where X is the average line width of the first metal line 51 or the average line width of the second metal line 61, and PDLGAPmax and PDLGAPmin are the maximum and minimum values ​​of the interval between the contours of the pixel aperture regions, respectively.

[0077] If the line width of the first metal line 51 or the second metal line 61 is too large (e.g., relative to the interval between pixel aperture region contours (PDL GAP)), the distance to the pixel aperture region is too close, so that the light emitted from the pixel aperture region is likely to be blocked or reflected, and it is likely to be recognized by the human eye, adversely affecting the display effect of the display panel, and if the line width is too small, it is likely to be disconnected, and the resistance of the touch electrode also increases. By satisfying the above relationship, the line width of the first metal line 51 or the second metal line 61 can be set to an appropriate value, thereby solving the above problem.

[0078] For example, the average line width of the first metal line 51 is larger than that of the second metal line 61. By setting the line widths of the first metal line 51 and the second metal line 61 to be different, the overlapping area between the first metal line 51 and the second metal line 61 can be reduced as much as possible, thereby reducing the capacitive load on the touch electrode and improving the touch sensitivity. In addition, both the first touch sub-electrode and the second touch sub-electrode are formed of the first metal line 51, so setting the line width of the first metal line 51 to be larger helps reduce the resistance of the touch sub-electrode, thereby further improving the touch sensitivity.

[0079] For example, t1 is 23 microns, t2 is 22.8 microns, t3 is 23 microns, k1 is 27.35 microns, k2 is 22.86 microns, and k3 is 23 microns.

[0080] For example, as shown in FIG. 5D, the first metal line 51 has an average line width X1 of 3.5 microns, and the second metal line 61 has an average line width X2 of 3.3 microns.

[0081] For example, as shown in FIG. 1B , the size w1 in the first direction D1 of the first metal mesh corresponding to the first pixel opening region contour 115 is 43.1 microns, and the maximum size in the second direction D2 (e.g., the distance between two vertices of the first metal mesh facing the second direction D2) y1 is 73.6 microns, the size w2 in the first direction D1 of the first metal mesh corresponding to the second pixel opening region contour 125 is 31.9 microns, and the maximum size in the second direction D2 (e.g., the distance between two vertices of the first metal mesh facing the second direction D2) y1 is 72.9 microns, and the size w1 in the first direction D1 of the first metal mesh corresponding to the third pixel opening region contour 135 is 42.4 microns, and the maximum size in the second direction D2 (e.g., the distance between two vertices of the first metal mesh facing the second direction D2) y1 is 66.1 microns.

[0082] 1D shows adjacent first pixel opening region contour 115, second pixel opening region contour 125, and third pixel opening region contour 135, and a first metal line 51 located therebetween. The adjacent first pixel opening region contour 115, second pixel opening region contour 125, and third pixel opening region contour 135 are arranged in a square shape, the second pixel opening region contour 125 is adjacent to the first pixel opening region contour 115 and the third pixel opening region contour 135, respectively, in a direction that is neither parallel to nor perpendicular to the second direction D2, and the first pixel opening region contour 115 and the third pixel opening region contour 135 are adjacent to each other in the first direction D1.

[0083] 1D, for example, the interval k1 between the adjacent second pixel opening region contour 125 and the third pixel opening region contour 135, the interval k2 between the adjacent second pixel opening region contour 125 and the first pixel opening region contour 115, and the interval t3 of the orthogonal projection of the adjacent third pixel opening region contour 135 and the first pixel opening region contour 115 on the base substrate 21 are different from each other. In addition, since the first metal line located between the adjacent pixel opening region contours is located at the middle position of the gap between the two pixel opening region contours, it may cause the three first metal lines 51 located between the three pixel opening region contours 115, 125, 135 to not intersect at one point, and as shown in FIG. 1D, the three first metal lines 51 intersect two by two to define one triangle.

[0084] For example, as shown in FIG. 1D, the first metal mesh corresponding to the second pixel opening region contour 125 includes a first side x1 and a second side x2 adjacent to each other, the first side x1 is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the second direction D2, and the second side x1 is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the second direction D2. The first side x1 is located between the second pixel opening region contour 125 and the first sub-pixel opening region contour 115, and the second side x2 is located between the second sub-pixel opening region contour 125 and the third sub-pixel opening region contour 135. For example, the first side x1 and the second side x2 have different lengths, for example, the first side x1 is longer than the second side x2. Such asymmetry is caused by the difference in the gap between each pixel opening region contour. As shown in FIG. 1B, for example, the areas of the pixel opening region 110 of the green sub-pixel 11, the pixel opening region 120 of the red sub-pixel 12, and the pixel opening region 130 of the blue sub-pixel 13 increase in order. For example, the area of ​​the pixel opening region 110 of the green sub-pixel 11 is the smallest, because the lifetime of the luminescent material of the green sub-pixel 11 is longer than that of the luminescent materials of the sub-pixels of other colors, so setting the area of ​​the pixel opening region 110 to the smallest can improve the luminescence uniformity and stability of the display panel.

[0085] For example, as shown in FIG. 1B, the first metal mesh 52 covering the pixel opening regions of the two green sub-pixels is hexagonal, and the other first metal meshes 52 directly connected to the first metal mesh 52 are also hexagonal. However, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The first metal meshes may be square, pentagonal, or other shapes.

[0086] 1C , the display structure 30 further includes a first packaging layer 33 located between the light emitting element 23 and the touch structure 40, which is configured to seal the light emitting element 23 to prevent external moisture and oxygen from entering the light emitting element and driving circuits and causing damage to devices such as the light emitting element 23. For example, the packaging layer 33 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure, including, for example, an organic film, an inorganic film, or a multi-layer structure in which organic films and inorganic films are alternately stacked.

[0087] As shown in FIG. 1C, the touch display panel 20 further includes a buffer layer 22 located between the display structure 30 and the touch structure 40. For example, the buffer layer 22 is formed on the first package layer 33 and is used to improve the adhesion between the touch structure 40 and the display structure 30. For example, the buffer layer 22 is an inorganic insulating layer, for example, the material of the buffer layer 22 can be silicon nitride, silicon oxide or silicon oxynitride. For example, the buffer layer 22 can include a structure in which silicon oxide layers and silicon nitride layers are alternately stacked.

[0088] For example, the touch display panel 20 further includes a cover plate 34 positioned above the touch structure 40, the cover plate 34 being, for example, a glass cover plate or an organic flexible cover plate.

[0089] In other examples, a transparent protective layer (eg, a clear optical adhesive) may be utilized in place of the cover plate 34 to protect the touch structure 40 .

[0090] For example, the base substrate 21 may be a glass substrate, a silicon substrate or a flexible substrate, and may be formed of a plastic material having excellent heat resistance and durability, such as polyimide (PI), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyacrylic acid ester, polycarbonate, polyarylate, polyetherimide, polyethersulfone, polyethylene glycol terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polysulfone (PSF), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), cellulose triacetate (TAC), cycloolefin polymer (COP) and cyclic olefin copolymer (COC).

[0091] 2 shows a schematic diagram of another pixel arrangement according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and the difference from the pixel arrangement shown in FIG 1A is that in the pixel arrangement shown in FIG 2, two blue subpixels 13 or two red subpixels 12 are disposed between two green subpixel pairs adjacent to each other in a first direction, for example, the two blue subpixels 13 are disposed along the second direction, and the two red subpixels 12 are disposed along the second direction.

[0092] Similarly, the pixel opening regions of the two green sub-pixels in the green sub-pixel pair can be exposed through the mesh holes 520 of the same first metal mesh 52, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted here.

[0093] For example, when manufacturing an organic light-emitting diode using a precision metal mask (FMM) deposition process, one deposition hole can be used to form the light-emitting layers of the two adjacent red sub-pixels or blue sub-pixels, thereby reducing the difficulty of the manufacturing process.

[0094] In some other examples, since the human eye has the lowest sensitivity to the position of the blue subpixel 13 and the luminance effect of the blue subpixel is also the lowest, the two adjacently placed blue subpixels 13 can be merged into one subpixel, i.e., they share the same light emitting element and the same pixel driving circuit, thereby reducing the process difficulty and saving the process cost, for example, the pixel aperture areas of the two blue subpixels are also merged.

[0095] For example, the first metal mesh layer 50 includes a plurality of first touch sub-electrodes and a plurality of first connecting electrodes arranged along the first direction D1, and the plurality of first touch sub-electrodes and the plurality of first connecting electrodes are alternately distributed one-to-one and electrically connected in sequence to form a first touch electrode extending along the first direction, and the first metal mesh layer 50 further includes a plurality of second touch sub-electrodes arranged in sequence along the second direction D2 and spaced apart from each other, and each of the plurality of first touch sub-electrodes and each of the plurality of second touch sub-electrodes include a plurality of first metal meshes 52 that are spaced apart from each other and connected to each other respectively.

[0096] For example, the touch structure further includes a second metal mesh layer, which is located at a different layer from the first metal mesh layer with respect to the base substrate 21 and is spaced apart by an insulating layer 70 (see FIG. 1C ). For example, the second metal mesh layer is closer to the base substrate.

[0097] As shown in FIG. 1C , the second electrode 232 is a common electrode used to apply a constant power supply voltage, and the second touch electrode 420 of the first metal mesh layer 50 needs to transmit the change in the touch detection signal caused by the touch, thereby realizing the touch detection function; therefore, if the first metal mesh layer is installed far away from the base substrate, i.e., far away from the second electrode 232, the impact on the touch detection accuracy caused by the influence of the constant signal of the second electrode 232 on the changing signal of the second touch electrode 420 can be avoided.

[0098] The second metal mesh layer includes a plurality of second metal meshes defined by a plurality of second metal lines, and the orthogonal projections of the plurality of second metal lines on the base substrate are located outside the orthogonal projections of the plurality of sub-pixels on the base substrate in the pixel opening regions, i.e., within the orthogonal projections of the plurality of sub-pixels on the base substrate in the pixel spacing regions. The second metal mesh layer includes a plurality of second connection electrodes (i.e., bridge electrodes) spaced apart from one another, and each of the plurality of second connection electrodes electrically connects adjacent second touch sub-electrodes to form a second touch electrode extending in a second direction. The second connection electrodes include a plurality of second metal meshes connected to one another.

[0099] FIG. 3A illustrates a schematic diagram of a touch structure 40 according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3A, the touch electrode structure includes a plurality of first touch electrodes 410 (R1-Rn) extending along a first direction D1 and a plurality of second touch electrodes 420 (T1-Tn) extending along a second direction D2. For example, the first touch electrodes 410 are touch sense electrodes and the second touch electrodes 420 are touch drive electrodes. However, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. In another example, the first touch electrodes 410 may be touch drive electrodes and the second touch electrodes 420 may be touch sense electrodes.

[0100] Each first touch electrode 410 includes a first touch sub-electrode 411 arranged in sequence along a first direction D1 and connected to each other, and each second touch electrode 420 includes a second touch sub-electrode 421 arranged in sequence along a second direction D2 and connected to each other. As shown in Fig. 3, the outline of the main body of each first touch sub-electrode 411 and the second touch sub-electrode 421 is a rhombus. In other examples, the first touch sub-electrode 411 and the second touch sub-electrode 421 may have other shapes, such as a triangle, an elongated shape, etc.

[0101] The first touch sub-electrodes 411 adjacent to each other in the first direction D1 are electrically connected by a first connection electrode (not shown) to form the first touch electrode 410, and the second touch sub-electrodes 421 adjacent to each other in the second direction D2 are electrically connected by a second connection electrode (not shown) to form the second touch electrode 420.

[0102] Each first touch electrode 410 and each second touch electrode 420 are insulated from each other and cross each other to form a plurality of touch units 400 at the crossings, and each touch unit includes a part of each of the two first touch electrode parts connected to the crossings and at least a part of each of the two second touch electrode parts connected to the crossings. The right side of FIG. 3A shows an enlarged schematic diagram of one touch unit 400. As shown in the figure, each touch unit 400 includes half areas of two adjacent first touch sub-electrodes 411 and half areas of two adjacent second touch sub-electrodes 421, that is, includes an area of ​​one first touch sub-electrode 411 and an area of ​​one second touch sub-electrode 421 on average, and a reference point for calculating coordinates is formed at the intersection of the first touch sub-electrode 411 and the second touch sub-electrode 421 of each touch unit 400 (i.e., the intersection of the first connection electrode and the second connection electrode). When a finger touches the capacitive screen, it will affect the coupling between the first touch electrode and the second touch electrode near the touch point, and thus affect the mutual capacitance between the two electrodes. The touch detection signal changes according to the capacitance change of the touch panel, so that the coordinates of each touch point can be calculated based on the reference point. For example, the area of ​​each touch unit 400 corresponds to the contact area between a person's finger and the touch panel. If the area of ​​the touch unit is too large, it may cause a touch blind spot on the panel, and if the area is too small, it will cause a false touch signal.

[0103] The average side length of each touch unit 400 is P, which is called the pitch of the touch structure. For example, the size of the pitch P ranges from 3.7mm to 5mm, for example about 4mm, because the contact diameter between a human finger and a touch panel is about 4mm. For example, the size of the pitch is the same as the average side length of each first touch sub-electrode 411 and the average side length of each second touch sub-electrode 421, and is also the same as the center distance of adjacent first touch sub-electrodes 411 and the center distance of adjacent second touch sub-electrodes 421.

[0104] For example, the first metal mesh layer 50 further includes a dummy electrode. As shown in FIG. 3A, the first touch sub-electrode 411 and the second touch sub-electrode 421 each include a watermark area, and a dummy electrode 430 is provided in the watermark area, which is spaced apart from the touch sub-electrode. The watermark area reduces the electrode area (effective area) of the touch electrode, reduces the capacitive load (self-capacitance) on the touch electrode, and thereby reduces the load on the touch electrode and improves the touch sensitivity. For example, the dummy electrode 430 is in a floating state, i.e., it is not electrically connected to other structures or does not receive any electrical signal. For example, each of the dummy electrodes 430 includes a plurality of first metal meshes 52 connected to each other.

[0105] For example, the touch area is usually rectangular (see FIG. 10), one of the touch drive electrode and the touch sense electrode extends along the length direction of the rectangle, and the other extends along the width direction of the rectangle, and the touch electrode extending along the length direction is long and has a large load. In order to improve the touch sensitivity of the touch electrode structure, it is necessary to reduce the load on the touch electrode.

[0106] For example, the length of the second touch electrode 420 is greater than the length of the first touch electrode 410, and the total area of ​​the watermark region of the second touch electrode 420 is greater than the total area of ​​the watermark region of the first touch electrode 410 (see FIG. 3A), thereby effectively and appropriately reducing the self-capacitance (parasitic capacitance) in the long second touch electrode and improving the touch sensitivity of the touch electrode structure. In addition, by providing a dummy electrode in the watermark region that is provided in the same layer as the touch electrode, the uniformity of the film layer can be improved, thereby improving the product yield. In some embodiments, the watermark region and the dummy electrode may be provided only in the long second touch electrode, and such a design is not provided for the first touch electrode (see FIG. 3B).

[0107] For example, each dummy electrode 430 is the same as the outline of the watermark area including it, i.e., the dummy electrode is nested with the touch sub-electrode including it, and there is a boundary area between the dummy electrode and the touch sub-electrode, and they are insulated from each other by the boundary area. For example, the dummy electrode 430 and the adjacent touch sub-electrode (the first touch sub-electrode or the second touch sub-electrode) are insulated from each other by a space formed by breaking the first metal line, i.e., the first metal line located in the boundary area forms two first metal line segments spaced apart by a space, one of the first metal line segments belongs to the dummy electrode 430, and the other first metal line segment belongs to the touch sub-electrode.

[0108] The average size of the boundary area (average spacing between the dummy electrodes and the touch electrodes) is the minimum size that satisfies the design rules, for example, 3 microns-6 microns. In this way, the uniformity of the film layer where the electrodes are located can be improved, and the process yield can be improved. For example, the size of the first boundary area (gap) between each dummy electrode 430 and its nested touch sub-electrode is the same.

[0109] For example, as shown in FIG. 3A, the boundary region extends along a curve, i.e., the contour of the dummy electrode is a curved structure. For example, the contour includes a sawtooth structure. With this design, the area related to the dummy electrode is larger in the same area, and the area related to the touch electrode is also larger because the dummy electrode and the touch sub-electrode are nested with each other, thereby avoiding the blind spot caused by the excessive concentration of the dummy electrode; and the touch electrode and the dummy electrode are nested with each other, i.e., the inner contour of the touch electrode is also a curved structure, so that the perimeter of the inner contour of this structure is larger than that of a straight line structure, thereby increasing the mutual capacitance of the touch electrode.

[0110] 3B shows a schematic diagram of a touch structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 3B, the first touch sub-electrode 411 and the second touch sub-electrode 421 each include a body and a plurality of interdigital structures 440 extending from the body, and the first touch sub-electrode 411 and the adjacent second touch sub-electrode 421 are nested in the first metal mesh 50 by the interdigital structures 440 to form mutual capacitance. The interdigital structures can increase the perimeter of the touch sub-electrode with the same area, so that the mutual capacitance is effectively improved without increasing the self-capacitance (capacitive load) of the touch sub-electrode, thereby improving the touch sensitivity. For example, the shape of the body may be a circle or a rectangle, and the shape of the interdigital structures includes at least one of a parallelogram (e.g., a rectangle), a triangle, a trapezoid, and a hexagon.

[0111] For example, the multiple interdigital structures 440 are distributed around the body of the touch sub-electrode. For example, the body is rectangular and the number of second interdigital structures 112 corresponding to each side is 3-10, such as 6-10. In other examples, the body may be circular and the multiple interdigital structures 440 are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the circle.

[0112] The right side of Fig. 3B shows an enlarged schematic diagram of one touch unit 400. As shown in Fig. 3B, the first touch sub-electrodes 411 adjacent to each other in the first direction D1 are connected by a first connecting electrode 412 to form a first touch electrode 410 extending along the first direction D1, and the second touch sub-electrodes 421 adjacent to each other in the second direction D2 are connected by a second connecting electrode (not shown in Fig. 3B) to form a second touch electrode 420 extending along the second direction D2.

[0113] For example, the length of each interdigital structure 440 is 1 / 10-1 / 3 of the center-to-center distance of adjacent first touch sub-electrodes 411, i.e., the distance between the center points of adjacent first touch sub-electrodes 411. For example, the center-to-center distance is the pitch P of the touch structures. In case of irregular interdigital structures, for example, the length may be the average length, the maximum length or the minimum length of the interdigital structures 440.

[0114] For example, the width of each interdigital structure 440 is 1 / 10-1 / 4 of the center-to-center distance between adjacent first touch sub-electrodes 411, e.g., 1 / 10-1 / 4 of the pitch P of the touch structures. In the case of an irregular interdigital structure, for example, the width may be the average width, the maximum width or the minimum width of the interdigital structures 440.

[0115] For example, the spacing d between adjacent interdigital structures 440 is 1 / 20-1 / 10 of the pitch P of the touch structures. If the spacing between adjacent interdigitals is not uniform, for example, the spacing d can be the average spacing, maximum spacing, or minimum spacing of the interdigital structures 440.

[0116] FIG. 4A shows an enlarged schematic diagram of one touch sub-electrode of a touch structure according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, which may be a first touch sub-electrode 411 or a second touch sub-electrode 421. The following description will take the first touch sub-electrode 411 as an example.

[0117] 4A , the first touch sub-electrode 411 includes a body portion 413 and a plurality of interdigital structures 440 connected to the body portion 413, and the interdigital structures 440 are distributed around the body portion 413. The body portion 413 includes a plurality of sides, for example a rectangle, and for example, the number of interdigital structures 440 corresponding to each side is 3-10, for example 6-10.

[0118] For example, as shown in Fig. 4A, the dummy electrode 430 of the first touch sub-electrode 411 includes an interdigital structure 460. The extension directions of the at least one interdigital structure 460 and the at least one interdigital structure 440 of the first touch sub-electrode 411 are parallel to each other.

[0119] For example, the interdigital structure 440 or the interdigital structure 460 may be a regular or irregular shape, for example, including at least one of a rectangle, a triangle, and a trapezoid. As shown in FIG. 4A, each interdigital structure 460 is convex, i.e., a combination of two rectangles, and the side length of the first touch electrode portion 411 is longer than that of a single rectangle.

[0120] 4B shows a schematic diagram of one touch unit of the touch structure according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4B, along a first direction D1, adjacent first touch sub-electrodes 411 are electrically connected to each other by a first connecting electrode 412 to form a first touch electrode 410 located on the first metal mesh layer 50, and along a second direction D2, adjacent second touch sub-electrodes 421 are electrically connected to each other by a second connecting electrode 422 located on the second metal mesh layer 60 to form a second touch electrode 420. The first touch sub-electrodes 411 and the second touch sub-electrodes 421 are nested and interrupted by an interdigital structure 440 in the first metal mesh layer 50. As shown in FIG. 4B, the boundary between the first touch sub-electrode 411 and the second touch sub-electrode 421 is sawtooth-shaped due to the existence of the interdigital structure.

[0121] Figure 5A shows an enlarged schematic diagram of area A in Figures 3B and 4B, where area A is the intersection between the first touch sub-electrode 411 and the second touch sub-electrode 421, i.e., the bridge area; Figure 5B is a cross-sectional view along the cross-sectional line B-B' in Figure 5A, and Figure 5D is a cross-sectional view along the cross-sectional line D-D' in Figure 5A, and details of the display structure are omitted in Figures 5B and 5D.

[0122] In FIG. 5A, the first metal mesh of the first metal mesh layer 50 is shown with a light-colored mesh, the first metal mesh layer 50 includes the first touch electrode 410 (including the first touch sub-electrode 411 and the first connecting electrode 412) and the second touch sub-electrode 421, and the first touch sub-electrode 411, the first connecting electrode 412 and the second touch sub-electrode 421 each include a plurality of first metal meshes 52 connected to each other; in FIG. 5A, the second metal mesh of the second metal mesh layer 60 is shown with a dark-colored mesh, the second metal mesh layer 60 includes the second connecting electrode 422, and the second connecting electrode 422 includes a plurality of second metal meshes 62 connected to each other.

[0123] For example, both ends of the second connection electrode 422 are electrically connected to the two second touch sub-electrodes 421 adjacent in the second direction D2 by the vias 71 in the insulating layer 70, thereby electrically connecting the two second touch sub-electrodes 421 adjacent in the second direction D2. Their connection regions C are shown in FIG. 5A.

[0124] For example, as shown in FIG. 5A, the second touch sub-electrodes 421 adjacent to each other in the second direction D2 are electrically connected by two second connection electrodes 422. The provision of such a dual channel structure can effectively improve the yield of the device. For example, at the crossing position of the signal lines, a short circuit failure is easily caused by electrostatic breakdown of mutual capacitance. In the detection process, when a short circuit failure occurs in one channel of the two second connection electrodes 422, even if the channel is removed (for example, by laser cutting), the circuit structure can still perform normal operation through the other channel.

[0125] For example, the orthogonal projections of the multiple first metal wires 51 in at least two first metal meshes 52 in the second touch sub-electrode 421 onto the second metal mesh layer 60 respectively overlap with the multiple second metal wires 61 in at least two second metal meshes 62 in each of the multiple second connection electrodes 422, whereby the at least two first metal meshes 52 have multiple vertices overlapping with the at least two second metal meshes 62, the multiple vertices including multiple connection vertices, and the multiple vias 71 are respectively located at the multiple connection vertices, i.e., the multiple vias 71 are installed in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple connection vertices, and the vertices at which the vias in the first metal meshes 52 are installed are called connection vertices.

[0126] However, the first metal wire / second metal wire in the present disclosure refers to a metal wire connected between two adjacent vertices of the first metal mesh / second metal mesh, i.e., each first metal wire / second metal wire corresponds to one side of the first metal mesh / second metal mesh.

[0127] For example, the at least two second metal meshes 62 are edge metal meshes located at the end of the second connection electrode 422, and the at least two first metal meshes 52 are edge metal meshes located at the end of the second touch electrode 421. The first metal mesh 52 and the second metal mesh 62 are both polygonal.

[0128] As shown in FIG. 5A, the second connection electrode 422 is electrically connected to the first metal wire 51a in the adjacent edge first metal mesh 52a by the second metal wire 61a in the edge second metal mesh 62a located at each end, thereby electrically connecting the second connection electrode 422 and the second touch sub-electrode 421.

[0129] For example, the second metal wire 61a is located at the side of the edge second metal mesh 62a that is closest to the second touch sub-electrode 421. For example, the first metal wire 51a is located at the side of the edge first metal mesh 52a that is closest to the second connecting electrode 422. By arranging in this way, the overlap between the second touch sub-electrode 421 and the second connecting electrode 422 can be reduced to the maximum, thereby reducing the capacitive load on the touch sub-electrode and improving the touch sensitivity.

[0130] For example, as shown in Figures 5A and 5B, at least two second metal wires 61a of the polygonal edge second metal mesh 62a located at each end of the second connection electrode 422 and at least two first metal wires 51a of the polygonal edge first metal mesh 52a of the adjacent second touch sub-electrode 421 overlap in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate, and are electrically connected by vias 71 in the insulating layer, thereby electrically connecting the second connection electrode 422 and the second touch sub-electrode 421. For example, as shown in Figures 5A and 5B, the at least two first metal wires 51a and the at least two second metal wires 61a overlap each other in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate 21, so that the edge first metal mesh 52a has a plurality of vertices 53 overlapping with the edge second metal mesh 62a, the plurality of vertices 53 include a plurality of connection vertices 53a, and the vias 71 are each located at one connection vertex 53a, that is, the vertices 53 at which the vias 71 are located are the connection vertices 53a. For example, the plurality of vertices 53 of the edge first metal mesh 52a and the plurality of vertices 63 of the edge second metal mesh 62a overlap each other in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate 21, and each via 71 corresponds to a pair of vertices 53 / vertices 63 overlapping each other.

[0131] However, in FIG. 5A , the first metal mesh layer 50 is closer to the viewer, and therefore the second metal wire 61a in the edge second metal mesh 62a that overlaps the edge first metal mesh 52a is interrupted by the first metal wire 51a of the edge first metal mesh 52a; however, for ease of illustration, FIG. 5A specifically shows the second metal wire 61a and the metal touch pad 65.

[0132] For example, in the first metal mesh, among the vertices 53 adjacent to each connection vertex 53a, at most one vertex 53 (the two adjacent vertices are located at both ends of one first metal wire 51) is a connection vertex 53a, that is, there are no three consecutive vertices in the first metal mesh layer that are connection vertices.

[0133] However, the vertices adjacent to each connection vertex are vertices adjacent to the connection vertex through one metal wire directly. As shown in FIG. 5A, when the first metal mesh and the second metal mesh are hexagonal, the number of vertices adjacent to each connection vertex is at most three.

[0134] For example, as shown in Figures 5A and 5B, in each second connection electrode 422, four first metal wires 51a in three polygonal edge first metal meshes 52a and four second metal wires 61a in two polygonal edge second metal meshes 62a overlap each other in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate, so that the edge first metal mesh 52a has five vertices 53 overlapping the edge second metal mesh 62a, and the four first metal wires 51a connect the five vertices 53 in sequence (for example, along the first direction) to form a W shape, and mark the five vertices 53 as the first vertex, the second vertex, the third vertex, the fourth vertex, and the fifth vertex in sequence. For example, the first vertex, the second vertex, the fourth vertex, and the fifth vertex are provided with vias 71 and are connection vertices 53a, and the connection vertices 53a are indicated by dots in Figure 5A. The four connection vertices 53a respectively generate four effective channels 54 for transmitting the touch signals (touch driving signals or touch sensing signals) on the second touch sub-electrode 421 to the second connection electrode 422. For example, the connection vertices 53a are not located on one straight line. As shown in FIG. 5A, the connection vertices 53a are located on two straight lines.

[0135] For example, the effective channel can be understood as the first metal line 51 that is directly connected to the connection vertex 53a and is required to transmit the touch signal of the second touch sub-electrode 421 to the second connection electrode 422 through the via 71 corresponding to the connection vertex 53a. Therefore, the first metal line 51 connected between two adjacent connection vertices 53a is not an effective channel, because when the touch signal reaches any one of the connection vertices 53a, it can be transmitted to the second connection electrode 422 through the via 71 corresponding to the connection vertex 53a without needing to pass through the first metal line 51.

[0136] With the above arrangement, each connection vertex 53a can generate an effective channel, thereby minimizing the overlap between the first metal line 51a and the second metal line 52a.

[0137] For example, the left side of FIG. 5C shows an example of a vertex 63 of the second metal mesh 62 where no via is installed, and the right side shows an example of a vertex 63a (corresponding to the connection vertex 53a) where a via 71 of the second metal mesh 62 is installed correspondingly. As shown in FIG. 5C, since the first metal wire 51 forms a good contact with the second metal wire 61 at the connection vertex 53a through the via 71, the second metal mesh layer 60 forms a metal touch pad 65 with a large area at the vertex 63a, which causes the occupied area of ​​the vertex 63a to be larger than that of the original vertex 63. Similarly, the first metal mesh layer 50 also forms a metal touch pad with a large area at the connection vertex 53a. For example, the shape of the metal touch pad is rectangular or circular, and the size (average side length or diameter) of the metal touch pad is more than twice that of the first metal wire 51 or the second metal wire 61. Therefore, when the via 71 is installed, the overlapping area between the first metal wire 51 and the second metal wire 52 becomes large.

[0138] With the above arrangement, each connection vertex 53a can generate an effective channel, thereby minimizing the arrangement of the metal touch pad and reducing the area of ​​the metal layer. On the one hand, the self-capacitance of the second connection electrode 422 itself can be reduced, and on the other hand, the overlap between the first metal line 51 and the second metal line 52 can be reduced, so that at least these two points can reduce the capacitive load of the touch sub-electrode and improve the touch sensitivity.

[0139] In some other examples, for example, in the edge first metal mesh 52a, none of the vertices 53 adjacent to each connection vertex 53a is a connection vertex. For example, for each second connection electrode 422 shown in Fig. 5A, the first vertex, the third vertex, and the fifth vertex may be set as connection vertices, and the three connection vertices form three effective channels. For example, the multiple connection vertices are located on a straight line.

[0140] For example, in each second connection electrode 422, the number of overlapping vertices between the edge second metal mesh 62a and the edge first metal mesh 52a is five or more, and the number of connection vertices is three or more.

[0141] For example, the first metal wires 51 directly connected to each connection vertex 53a are all complete, i.e., connected between two vertices of the first metal mesh 52 with no space in between. For example, the first metal mesh 52 where each connection vertex 53a is located is all complete, i.e., all the first metal wires 51 in the first metal mesh 52 are all complete. With this arrangement, the transmission efficiency and effectiveness of the touch signal input from the second touch sub-electrode 421 to the second connection electrode 422 can be improved.

[0142] For example, each second connection electrode 422 includes at least two connection lines (first connection lines), and one connection line 64 is exemplarily shown in Fig. 5A. The connection line 64 is composed of a plurality of second metal lines 61 connected in sequence from the beginning to the end, and both ends of the connection line 64 correspond to the vertices 63a of one second metal mesh 62, and are electrically connected to the connection vertices 53a of the first metal mesh 52 by one via 71, thereby effectively transmitting signals between two adjacent second touch sub-electrodes 421. For example, there are no overlapping (shared) second metal lines 61 between the plurality of connection lines 64.

[0143] 5A, each second connection electrode 422 further includes a plurality of intermediate second metal meshes 62b, which are located between the edge second metal meshes 62a at both ends of the second connection electrode 422 and connect the edge second metal meshes 62a located at both ends of the second connection electrode 422. The intermediate second metal meshes 62b are connected in sequence, and each intermediate second metal mesh 62a includes only two second metal wires 61 shared with an adjacent second metal mesh 62, and the two second metal wires 61 are not adjacent to each other and are respectively shared by the intermediate second metal mesh 62a and the two second metal meshes 62 adjacent thereto. Each intermediate second metal mesh 62b includes two second metal wires 61 parallel to the second direction D2, and each of the two second metal wires 51 is located at the edge of the second connection electrode 244, i.e., belongs only to the intermediate second metal mesh 62b but is not shared by the two second metal meshes. In this case, as shown in FIG. 5A, each second connection electrode 422 includes two connection wires 64.

[0144] For example, as shown in FIG. 5A, the orthogonal projection of each first connection electrode 412 on the second metal mesh layer 60 is located in the gap between two second connection electrodes 422 between adjacent second touch sub-electrodes 421, i.e., the first metal wire 51 in the first connection electrode 412 and the second metal wire 61 in the second metal mesh layer 60 do not overlap in the direction perpendicular to the base substrate. In FIG. 5A, the range of the first connection electrode 412 is indicated by a dashed line, and as shown in FIG. 5A, the first connection electrode 412 is insulated from the adjacent second touch sub-electrode 421 by a space, which is located at the end of the first metal wire 51 in the first connection electrode 412. For example, the first connection electrode 412 further forms a space at the end of the first metal wire 51 to avoid overlapping with the second connection electrode 422 in the direction perpendicular to the base substrate, thereby reducing the capacitive load on the touch electrode.

[0145] 5A, the second metal meshes 62 in the second connection electrode 422 are all complete meshes, and the second metal wires 61 in the second metal meshes 62 have no spaces between them. This is because the number of metal meshes in the second connection electrode 422 is small, thus improving the yield of the second connection electrode 422 and ensuring effective signal transmission.

[0146] For example, as shown in FIG. 5A , all of the first metal wires 51 located at the first connection electrode 412 have no space, and all of the edge first metal meshes 52 located at the edges of the first connection electrode 412 are damaged, for example, missing at least one side, such that the second metal wires 61 do not overlap the first metal wires 51.

[0147] For example, as shown in Fig. 5A, each first touch sub-electrode 411 is electrically connected to the adjacent first connection electrode 412 by at least one connection line 51b (second connection line) composed of a plurality of first metal lines 51 connected in sequence from the beginning to the end, and when a plurality of connection lines 51b are present, the plurality of connection lines 51b are installed at intervals from each other. The connection line 51b shown in Fig. 5A includes three first metal lines 51. For example, each first metal line 51 in the connection line 51b and the second metal line 61 in the second connection electrode 422 overlap in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate, thereby not affecting the pixel aperture ratio.

[0148] FIG. 5E shows another example of an enlarged schematic diagram of the A region in FIG. 3B and FIG. 4B. In FIG. 5E, the first touch electrode 410 and the second touch sub-electrode 421 in the second touch electrode 420 are shown with a light-colored mesh, the first touch electrode 410 includes the first touch sub-electrode 411 and the first connecting electrode 412, and the first touch sub-electrode 411, the first connecting electrode 412 and the second touch sub-electrode 421 each include a plurality of first metal meshes 52 connected to each other, that is, the light-colored mesh is the first metal mesh 52 located in the first metal mesh layer 50, and in FIG. 5E, the second connecting electrode 422 in the second touch electrode 420 is shown with a dark-colored mesh, and the second connecting electrode 422 includes a plurality of second metal meshes 62 connected to each other. Therefore, the dark-colored mesh is the second metal mesh 62 located in the second metal mesh layer 60. In the figure, the range of the first connecting electrode 412 is shown with a dashed line.

[0149] The difference from the embodiment shown in Fig. 5A is that the number of intermediate second metal meshes 62b included in the second connection electrode 422 in the embodiment shown in Fig. 5E is large, and the number of connection lines 51b electrically connecting each first touch sub-electrode 411 to the adjacent first connection electrode 412 is also large (three are shown in the figure). As shown in Fig. 5E, the multiple connection lines 51b are installed at intervals from each other, and the first metal lines 51 in the two adjacent connection lines 51b are not directly connected by one first metal line 51.

[0150] However, in FIG. 5E, the first metal mesh layer 50 is closer to the viewer, and therefore the second metal wire 61a in the edge second metal mesh 62a that overlaps the edge first metal mesh 52a is interrupted by the first metal wire 51a in the edge first metal mesh 52a; however, for ease of illustration, FIG. 5E specifically shows the second metal wire 61a and metal touch pad 65.

[0151] For example, as shown in FIG. 5A, among the edge first metal lines of the first connection electrode 412, except for the first metal line electrically connected to the connection line 51b, the remaining form a space (notch) at the end far from the first connection electrode 412. As shown in FIG. 5E, the first connection electrode 412 includes an edge first metal line with a middle space, which separates one first metal line 51 into two first metal line segments, which belong to the first connection electrode 412 and the second touch sub-electrode 421 adjacent to the first connection electrode 412 respectively, thereby realizing insulation between the first connection electrode 412 and the second touch sub-electrode 421. As shown in FIG. 5A and 5D, for example, there is no shared first metal line 51 between the first metal mesh 52 in the first touch sub-electrode 411 and the first metal mesh 52 in the first connection electrode 412, that is, they do not form an electrical connection by sharing the first metal line 51.

[0152] By installing in this manner, the overlap of the metal lines in the first touch sub-electrode 411 and the second connecting electrode 422 is reduced as much as possible, thereby reducing the mutual capacitance between them. When the mutual capacitance value between the first touch electrode 410 and the second touch electrode 420 changes due to a touch signal, the change amount can be easily detected because the reference mutual capacitance value is small, thereby improving the sensitivity of touch detection.

[0153] Figures 6A and 6B respectively show two examples of enlarged schematic views of area B in Figure 3B, where area B relates to two first touch sub-electrodes 411 adjacent and insulated in the second direction D2 and two second touch sub-electrodes 421 adjacent and insulated in the first direction D1, and area B is a blocking area of ​​the four touch sub-electrodes.

[0154] 5D, the average line width X1 of the first metal line 51 is larger than the average line width X2 of the second metal line 61. For example, in the width direction of the metal lines, the orthogonal projection of the second metal line 61 on the base substrate 21 is located within the orthogonal projection of the first metal line 51 on the base substrate 21, thus effectively improving the aperture ratio of the display substrate.

[0155] All the metal meshes shown in FIG. 6A are located in the first metal mesh layer, i.e., all are first metal meshes, and the light-colored meshes represent the first metal meshes in the adjacent first touch sub-electrode 411, and the dark-colored meshes represent the first metal meshes in the two adjacent second touch sub-electrodes 421.

[0156] As shown in FIG. 6A , the first touch sub-electrode 411 and the second touch sub-electrode 421 are adjacent to each other, and the multiple first metal lines 51 located in their boundary region each include multiple spaces 510, and each space 510 is, for example, located in the middle of the first metal line 51 including it, and divides the first metal line 51 including it into two first metal line segments 51f, one of which belongs to the first touch sub-electrode 411 and the other belongs to the second touch sub-electrode 421, thereby isolating the adjacent first touch sub-electrode 411 and second touch sub-electrode 421.

[0157] However, when a first metal line segment in the embodiments of the present disclosure belongs to a touch sub-electrode, it means that there is an electrical connection relationship between the first metal line segment and the touch sub-electrode to which it belongs.

[0158] In the touch structure according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, adjacent insulated touch sub-electrodes (e.g., between adjacent first and second touch sub-electrodes, between two adjacent second touch sub-electrodes in a first direction, between two adjacent first touch sub-electrodes in a second direction) are insulated by spaces formed by breaks in metal wires, and compared with insulation by installing dummy electrodes, installing them in this manner increases the installation area of ​​the touch electrodes as much as possible and improves the density of the touch electrodes, thereby improving the touch sensitivity.

[0159] For example, as shown in FIG. 6A , the edge metal mesh of each touch sub-electrode is broken, i.e., each contains a part of the first metal mesh, and the edge metal meshes of adjacent touch sub-electrodes match each other to define the first metal mesh.

[0160] For example, at least one first metal mesh includes three first metal mesh portions insulated from each other, and the three first metal mesh portions belong to one first touch sub-electrode and two second touch sub-electrodes adjacent to each other in the first direction D1, respectively. For example, the first metal mesh is hexagonal, and at least two first metal meshes include the three first metal mesh portions insulated from each other.

[0161] As shown in Figures 6A and 6B, in Figures 6A and 6B, each of the two first metal meshes 52c in the dashed circle includes three first metal mesh parts insulated from each other, and the three first metal mesh parts belong to three touch sub-electrodes insulated from each other, respectively, and the three touch sub-electrodes include two first touch sub-electrodes 411 adjacent to each other in the second direction D2 and one second touch sub-electrode 421 located between the two first touch sub-electrodes (see Figure 6A), or the three touch sub-electrodes include two second touch sub-electrodes 421 adjacent to each other in the first direction D1 and one first touch sub-electrode 411 located between the two second touch sub-electrodes 421 (see Figure 6B). By designing in this way, the touch sub-electrodes are effectively insulated from each other and the arrangement is more compact, thereby improving the touch sensitivity.

[0162] For example, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, there is one space 510 on each of the three sides of each metal mesh 52c, thereby dividing the metal mesh into three portions.

[0163] For example, as shown in Figures 6A and 6B, the first metal mesh 52c is a polygon, for example a hexagon, and the hexagon includes two sides parallel to the second direction D2 and facing each other, and there is a space in the first metal wire 51 located on at least one side of the first metal mesh 52c, dividing the first metal wire into two first metal wire segments 51f. For example, as shown in Figure 6A, the two first metal wire segments 51f belong to two first touch sub-electrodes 411 adjacent to each other in the second direction. For example, as shown in Figure 6B, the two first metal wire segments 51f belong to the first touch sub-electrode 411 and the second touch sub-electrode 421 adjacent to each other.

[0164] For example, as shown in Figures 6A and 6B, the polygons of the two first metal meshes 52c share one side, i.e., the two first metal meshes 52c share one first metal wire 51g, and a space 520 exists in the first metal wire 51g, which separates the first metal wire 51g into two spaced-apart first metal wire segments.

[0165] For example, as shown in FIG. 6A, the two first metal meshes 52c are arranged along the first direction D1, and the shared first metal line 51g is parallel to the second direction D2. Two first metal line segments in the shared first metal line 51g belong to two first touch sub-electrodes 411 adjacent to the second direction D2, respectively, that is, the two first touch sub-electrodes 411 adjacent to the second direction D2 are directly adjacent to each other by a space or spaced apart from each other by a space. For example, the two second touch sub-electrodes 421 adjacent to the first direction D1 are spaced apart from each other by a part of the two first touch sub-electrodes 411 adjacent to the second direction D2.

[0166] For example, as shown in FIG. 6B, the arrangement direction of the two first metal meshes 52c is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the second direction D2, and the shared first metal line 51g is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the second direction D2. Two first metal line segments in the shared first metal line 51g belong to two second touch sub-electrodes 421 adjacent to the first direction D1, respectively, that is, the two second touch sub-electrodes 421 adjacent to the first direction D1 are directly adjacent to each other by a space or spaced apart from each other by a space. For example, the two first touch sub-electrodes 411 adjacent to the second direction D2 are spaced apart from each other by a part of the two second touch sub-electrodes 421 adjacent to the first direction D1.

[0167] For example, as shown in Figures 6A and 6B, each of the three first metal mesh portions of one of the two first metal meshes 52c includes one complete first metal wire 51, and the numbers of first metal wires included in the three first metal mesh portions of the other first metal mesh 52c are not the same as each other, for example, the numbers are 0, 1, and 2, respectively.

[0168] As shown in Figures 6A and 6B, each first metal mesh portion includes two first metal wire segments 51f, or includes only two first metal wire segments 51f, or includes one complete first metal wire 51 and two first metal wire segments 51f, with the first metal wire 51 connected between the two first metal wire segments, or includes two complete first metal wires 51 and two first metal wire segments 51f, with the two first metal wires 51 connected between the two first metal wire segments 51f.

[0169] The inventors found that at the boundary between the first touch sub-electrode and the second touch sub-electrode, there exists a space of metal lines with a high density per unit area for insulation by disconnection. If these spaces show a certain regular continuity, the reflection difference of the spaces and metal lines to the ambient light becomes obvious, resulting in a serious visible slit shadow being formed in the final product, which greatly impairs the user experience. For example, when the touch structure is applied to a display device, the shadow will cause a deterioration in display quality.

[0170] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a touch structure, in which the multiple spaces located on the first metal line in the boundary region between the first touch sub-electrode and the second touch sub-electrode include a multiple first spaces located on the first line, the multiple first spaces are respectively located on multiple first metal lines intersecting with the first line, the first line extends approximately along a specific direction, at least one first metal line is present between at least two first spaces, the at least one first metal line intersects with the first line, and the at least one first metal line has no space at the intersection with the first line.

[0171] Such an installation effectively breaks the spatial continuity of the boundary area, achieving the purpose of preventing shadows.

[0172] However, the first line may be a straight line or a curved line extending approximately along a certain direction, for example, a broken line. Due to process variations, the first spaces are not necessarily located strictly on a straight line, but fluctuate up and down with respect to the straight line. As long as the curved line extends approximately along a certain fixed direction, the embodiment also falls within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0173] In some examples, the first line is a first straight line, for example, the first spaces are located on first metal lines that are perpendicular to the first straight line.

[0174] In the following, the touch structure according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is described in an illustrative manner by taking the first line as a first straight line as an example, which is not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0175] 7A is a schematic diagram of the shadow of the space design of the metal line. As shown in the figure, the multiple spaces 510' of the multiple metal lines 51' are not intermittent, but are continuously located on one straight line, for example, there is no metal line in the middle of the multiple spaces 510', and there is no space at the intersection of the metal line and the straight line. The arrangement of the metal lines generates a visually obvious shadow (shadow NG).

[0176] 7B is a simulation diagram of the anti-shadow design of the touch structure according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the multiple spaces 510 of the multiple parallel metal lines are located on a straight line L perpendicular to the metal lines, and no space is provided at the intersection between the metal lines 51 and the straight line between at least two spaces 510 located on the straight line L, so that the shadow problem is greatly improved (shadow OK).

[0177] Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of a touch structure according to at least some embodiments of the present disclosure. The right side of Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of one touch unit in the touch structure, and the left side of Figure 8 shows an enlarged schematic diagram of the boundary area between the first touch sub-electrode 411 and the second touch sub-electrode 421 of the touch structure, for example, the first metal mesh in the first touch sub-electrode 411 is shown with a light-colored mesh, and the first metal mesh in the second touch sub-electrode 421 is shown with a dark-colored mesh.

[0178] 8, in the boundary region between the first touch sub-electrode 411 and the second touch sub-electrode 421, there are a plurality of first spaces 510a located on the first straight line L1, and the plurality of first spaces are located on a plurality of first metal lines 51 perpendicular to the first straight line L1, and the plurality of first metal lines 51 are parallel to each other, for example, parallel to the second direction D2. At least one first metal line 51c (two first metal lines shown in FIG. 8) exists between at least two first spaces 510a, and the first metal line 51c intersects with the first straight line L1, and there is no space at the intersection.

[0179] When the first metal line 51c is disposed, the continuity of the spaces 510a located on the first straight line L1 is broken, so that the shadow prevention effect is effectively achieved.

[0180] However, the above-mentioned multiple first spaces are all spaces between two touch sub-electrodes (for example, adjacent first touch sub-electrode and second touch sub-electrode, two second touch sub-electrodes adjacent in a first direction, two first touch sub-electrodes adjacent in a second direction), and the regularity of the local space arrangement is destroyed.

[0181] For example, the first straight line L1 is parallel to the first direction D1, i.e., the same as the extension direction of the first touch electrode 410, for example, the first metal line 51c is parallel to the first metal line 51 having a first space, for example, the first metal line 51c is parallel to the second direction D1, for example, there is no space in the first metal line 51c.

[0182] For example, all of the first metal wires 51e directly connected to one end of the first metal wire 51c have a space therebetween, thereby insulating the first touch sub-electrode 411 and the second touch sub-electrode 421, and at least one of the first metal wires directly connected to the other end of the first metal wire 51c has no space therebetween, thereby electrically connecting the first metal wire 51c to the main body of the touch sub-electrode to which it belongs (the second touch sub-electrode 421, as shown in Figure 8).

[0183] For example, the first metal mesh 51 is polygonal, including four or more sides, such as a pentagon or hexagon, and when so arranged, the extension directions of the sides of the metal mesh are diversified, so that the arrangement of the spaces in the metal wire is less likely to be regular and continuous, but this is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0184] As shown in FIG. 8, the first metal mesh is hexagonal, and the extension direction of the first metal wire 51e is inclined with respect to the extension direction of the first metal wire 51c, for example, the extension direction of the first metal wire 51e is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the first direction D1.

[0185] FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of a touch structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, in which the boundary region between the first touch sub-electrode 411 and the second touch sub-electrode 421 of the touch structure is shown, for example, the first metal mesh in the first touch sub-electrode 411 is shown with a light-colored mesh, and the first metal mesh in the second touch sub-electrode 421 is shown with a dark-colored mesh. A first straight line L1 is shown in the figure. The difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is that the first metal mesh in this embodiment is quadrangular, for example rectangular. For details, please refer to the description of the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, and detailed description will be omitted here.

[0186] For example, the first metal line 51 inside the first touch sub-electrode 411 or the second touch sub-electrode 421 also has a space, which reduces the reflection / emission difference between the first metal line inside the touch sub-electrode and the first metal line at the boundary, and improves the user experience. For example, the space located inside the touch sub-electrode divides the first metal line into two first metal line segments, and both of the two first metal line segments belong to the same touch sub-electrode.

[0187] For example, the space density in the interior of the touch sub-electrodes corresponds to the space density at the boundary, thereby improving the display uniformity and process uniformity.

[0188] For example, the spacing design rules within the interior of a touch sub-electrode are similar to the spacing design rules at the boundary.

[0189] For example, the space 510 is located in the middle of the first metal line 51 that contains it.

[0190] Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 8, the internal space of the touch sub-electrode of the touch structure according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be exemplarily described by taking the internal space of the first touch sub-electrode as an example.

[0191] For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the space of the first metal wire located inside the first touch sub-electrode 411 includes a plurality of second spaces 510b located on a second straight line L2, the plurality of second spaces 510b are respectively located on a plurality of first metal lines 51 perpendicular to the second straight line L2, at least one first metal line 51d exists between at least two second spaces 510b, the first metal line 51d intersects with the second straight line L2, and there is no space at the intersection of the first metal line 51d with the second straight line.

[0192] For example, the second straight line L2 is parallel to the first direction D1.

[0193] Such an arrangement effectively breaks the continuity of space within the touch sub-electrode, realizing an anti-shadow design.

[0194] For example, as shown in FIG. 8, within the first touch sub-electrode 411, each first metal mesh has at most two spaces for the first metal lines, thereby ensuring effective electrical connection.

[0195] For example, a similar space design can be performed for the boundary area between the dummy electrode 430 and the touch sub-electrode in the touch sub-electrode (first touch sub-electrode or second touch sub-electrode). For example, each of the first metal lines located in the boundary area between the touch sub-electrode and the dummy electrode includes a plurality of spaces, and each of the spaces divides the first metal line including the first metal line into two first metal line segments, one of the two first metal line segments belongs to the touch sub-electrode and the other belongs to the dummy electrode, thereby insulating the touch sub-electrode from the dummy electrode. The spaces include a plurality of third spaces located on one third straight line, and the third spaces are located on the first metal lines intersecting the third straight line, and at least one first metal line is present between at least two third spaces, each of the at least one first metal line intersects the third straight line, and there is no space at the intersection of each of the at least one first metal line with the third straight line. For example, the enlarged schematic diagram on the left side of Figure 8 can be similarly understood as corresponding to the boundary area between the touch sub-electrode and the dummy electrode (for example, area S shown in Figure 8), the dark-colored mesh and the light-colored mesh in the enlarged schematic diagram can be understood as the first metal mesh in the touch sub-electrode and the first metal mesh in the dummy electrode, respectively, and the first straight line L1 in the figure can be understood as the third straight line.

[0196] Such an arrangement effectively destroys the spatial continuity in the boundary region between the touch sub-electrode and the dummy electrode therein, achieving an anti-shadow design.

[0197] An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a touch panel, which includes the above touch structure.

[0198] 10 is a schematic diagram of a touch panel according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 10, the touch panel 80 includes a touch area 301 and a non-touch area 302 located outside the touch area 301, and the touch structure 40 is located in the touch area 301. For example, the first touch electrode 410 extends along the width direction of the rectangle, and the second touch electrode 420 extends along the length direction of the rectangle. For clarity, the structures of the first touch electrode and the second touch electrode are not shown in detail in the figure.

[0199] 10, the touch panel 80 further includes a plurality of signal lines 450 located in the non-touch area 302. Each of the first touch electrodes 410 and each of the second touch electrodes 420 are electrically connected to a signal line 450, and are connected to a touch controller or a touch integrated circuit (not shown) through the signal line. For example, the first touch electrode 410 is a touch driving electrode, and the second touch electrode 420 is a touch sensing electrode, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0200] The touch integrated circuit, for example a touch chip, is used to provide touch driving signals to the second touch electrodes 420 in the touch panel 80, receive touch sensing signals from the first touch electrodes 410, and process the touch sensing signals, for example providing the processed data / signals to a system controller to realize a touch sensing function.

[0201] For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the ends of the signal lines 450 connected to the touch integrated circuit are all disposed on the same side of the touch area 301 (e.g., the bottom side of FIG. 10), thus facilitating connection to the touch integrated circuit.

[0202] For example, as shown in FIG. 10, since the second touch electrode 420 is longer and has a larger load than the first touch electrode 410, in order to improve the signal transmission speed, one signal line 450 may be installed on each end of one first touch electrode 410, and during operation, the touch integrated circuit simultaneously inputs touch driving signals in both directions to one second touch electrode 420 through the two signal lines 450 (bilateral drive), thereby improving the signal loading speed in the second touch electrode 420 and thereby improving the detection speed.

[0203] For example, the material of the first metal mesh layer 50 or the second metal mesh layer 60 includes metal materials such as aluminum, molybdenum, copper, and silver, or alloy materials of these metal materials, and may be, for example, a silver-palladium-copper (APC) material.

[0204] For example, the width of each space (the size along the length of the metal line that contains it) is 5.2 microns.

[0205] For example, the material of the insulating layer 70 may be an inorganic insulating material, for example, the inorganic insulating material is a transparent material. For example, the inorganic insulating material may be an insulating material including an oxide of silicon, such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and silicon oxynitride, a nitride of silicon, or an oxynitride of silicon, or a metal oxynitride, such as aluminum oxide, titanium nitride, etc.

[0206] For example, the material of the insulating layer 70 may be an organic insulating material, which provides excellent bending resistance. For example, the organic insulating material is a transparent material. For example, the organic insulating material is OCA optical adhesive. For example, the organic insulating material may include polyimide (PI), acrylate, epoxy resin, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), etc.

[0207] The embodiments of the present disclosure further provide an electronic device, which includes the above touch structure 40, the above touch display panel 20 or the above touch panel 80. For example, the electronic device is a touch display device integrated with a touch function, and the touch display device can be any product or component having a display function and a touch function, such as a display, an OLED panel, an OLED TV, an electronic paper, a mobile phone, a tablet PC, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, etc.

[0208] 11 shows a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the electronic device 90 is a touch display device, which includes a touch panel 80 and a display panel 81, and the display panel 81 and the touch panel 80 are stacked. The display panel 81 includes a display area 802 and a non-display area 801. For example, the display area 301 and the touch area 801 are aligned to correspond to each other, and the non-display area 802 and the non-touch area 302 are aligned to correspond to each other. The display panel 81 and the touch panel 80 are fixed, for example, by adhesive, or formed integrally, i.e., the touch panel 80 is formed directly on the display panel 81 with the display panel 81 as a substrate.

[0209] The above are merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and do not limit the protection scope of the present disclosure, which is defined by the appended claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0210] 11 Green subpixel 12 Red subpixel 13 Blue sub-pixel 20 Touch Display Panel 21 Base Board 23 Light emitting element 30 Display structure 40 Touch Structure 50 First metal mesh layer 51 First metal wire 52 First metal mesh 110 pixel aperture area 120 pixel aperture area 130 pixel aperture area 520 mesh holes

Claims

1. A touch display panel including a base substrate, and a display structure and a touch structure stacked on the base substrate, The display structure includes a plurality of sub-pixels, the plurality of sub-pixels are arranged along a first direction and a second direction, each of the plurality of sub-pixels includes a light-emitting element and a pixel opening region exposing the light-emitting element, the first direction intersects with the second direction, the touch structure includes a first metal mesh layer, the first metal mesh layer including a plurality of first metal meshes defined by a plurality of first metal lines, and orthogonal projections of the plurality of first metal lines on the base substrate are located outside orthogonal projections of a plurality of pixel opening regions of the plurality of sub-pixels on the base substrate; an orthogonal projection of each mesh hole of at least one first metal mesh on the base substrate covers an orthogonal projection of two pixel opening regions of two adjacent sub-pixels on the base substrate, the two adjacent sub-pixels being first sub-pixels and configured to emit light of the same first primary color; a center distance between two pixel opening areas of the two first sub-pixels is less than a center distance between two pixel opening areas of two other sub-pixels emitting light of the same primary color, and a center distance between the two pixel opening areas of the two first sub-pixels is less than a center distance between the pixel opening area of ​​each first sub-pixel and a pixel opening area of ​​an adjacent sub-pixel of another color; A touch display panel, wherein the orthogonal projections on the base substrate of mesh holes of other first metal meshes corresponding to subpixels having other primary colors and directly connected to the at least one first metal mesh all cover only the orthogonal projections on the base substrate of a pixel opening area of ​​one subpixel.

2. 2 . The touch display panel as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the areas of the two pixel opening regions of the two first sub-pixels are the same and are less than the areas of the pixel opening regions of the sub-pixels emitting light of other primary colors.

3. The plurality of sub-pixels are distributed in a plurality of pixel units, and each of the plurality of pixel units is configured as a full-color light; The touch display panel according to claim 1 , wherein the two first sub-pixels belong to two pixel units respectively.

4. The touch display panel of claim 3 , wherein each sub-pixel emitting light different from the first primary color is configured to be shared by at least two pixel units.

5. The touch display panel of claim 1 , wherein the first primary color is green.

6. The plurality of first metal meshes are arranged along the first direction and the second direction, The touch display panel of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein each of the plurality of first metal meshes is hexagonal, the extension directions of the longest sides of each first metal mesh are parallel to each other and all extend along the second direction.

7. The pixel opening region contour of each of the pixel opening regions corresponding to the first metal meshes is a hexagon, and six sides of each of the first metal meshes are parallel to six sides of the corresponding pixel opening region contour, respectively; 7. The touch display panel of claim 6, wherein two adjacent sides of two adjacent pixel opening area contours are parallel to each other and a first metal line is installed between them, and the orthogonal projections of the two adjacent sides of the two adjacent pixel opening area contours on the base substrate are both parallel to the orthogonal projections of the first metal line on the base substrate, and the distances between the first metal line and the orthogonal projections on the base substrate are the same.

8. The average line width of the first metal line and the interval between the contours of two adjacent pixel opening regions are (PDLGAPmax-PDLGAPmin)×0.5<X<PDLGAPmax×0.167 8. The touch display panel of claim 7, wherein X is an average line width of the first metal line, and PDLGAPmax and PDLGAPmin are respectively a maximum value and a minimum value of a gap between two adjacent pixel opening area contours.

9. the plurality of sub-pixels further include a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel is configured to emit light of a second primary color, and the third sub-pixel is configured to emit light of a third primary color, and areas of pixel aperture regions of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel increase in order; a pixel opening region contour of the two adjacent first sub-pixels is a first pixel opening region contour, a pixel opening region contour of the second sub-pixel is a second pixel opening region contour, and a pixel opening region contour of the third sub-pixel is a third pixel opening region contour; 9. The touch display panel of claim 7 or 8, wherein the maximum value of the distance between two adjacent pixel opening area contours is the distance between a second pixel opening area contour and a third pixel opening area contour adjacent in a third direction, and the third direction is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the second direction.

10. a first metal mesh corresponding to a contour of the second pixel opening region includes a first side and a second side adjacent to each other, the first side being neither parallel nor perpendicular to the second direction, and the second side being neither parallel nor perpendicular to the second direction; 10. The touch display panel of claim 9, wherein the first side is located between the second pixel opening region contour and the first pixel opening region contour, the second side is located between the second pixel opening region contour and the third pixel opening region contour, and the first side is longer than the second side.

11. the first metal mesh layer includes a plurality of first touch sub-electrodes and a plurality of first connection electrodes arranged along the first direction, the plurality of first touch sub-electrodes and the plurality of first connection electrodes are alternately arranged one by one and electrically connected in sequence to form a first touch electrode extending along the first direction; The first metal mesh layer further includes a plurality of second touch sub-electrodes arranged in sequence along a second direction and spaced apart from each other, The touch display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein each of the plurality of first touch sub-electrodes and each of the second touch sub-electrodes are spaced apart from each other and each includes a plurality of first metal meshes.

12. the touch structure further includes a second metal mesh layer, the first metal mesh layer and the second metal mesh layer are separated by an insulating layer located between the first metal mesh layer and the second metal mesh layer; the second metal mesh layer includes a plurality of second metal meshes defined by a plurality of second metal lines, and orthogonal projections of the second metal lines on the base substrate are located outside orthogonal projections of pixel opening regions of the sub-pixels on the base substrate; 12. The touch display panel of claim 11, wherein the second metal mesh layer includes a plurality of second connection electrodes spaced apart from each other, and each of the plurality of second connection electrodes is electrically connected to an adjacent second touch sub-electrode by a plurality of vias in the insulating layer, thereby electrically connecting adjacent second touch sub-electrodes to form a second touch electrode extending in the second direction.

13. 13. The touch display panel of claim 12, wherein a plurality of second metal lines in at least two second metal meshes in each of the plurality of second connection electrodes and a plurality of first metal lines in at least two first metal meshes of adjacent second touch sub-electrodes respectively overlap in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate, whereby the at least two first metal meshes have a plurality of vertices overlapping with the at least two second metal meshes, and each of the plurality of vias is located at one vertex, which is called a connection vertex.

14. The touch display panel of claim 13 , wherein at most one of the vertices adjacent to each connection vertex is also a connection vertex.

15. The touch display panel of claim 13 , wherein none of the vertices adjacent to each connection vertex are connection vertices.

16. The touch display panel according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the at least two second metal meshes are edge metal meshes of the second connection electrode, and the at least two first metal meshes are edge metal meshes of the second touch electrode.

17. Adjacent second touch sub-electrodes are electrically connected by two of the second connection electrodes; The touch display panel according to any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein the two second connection electrodes are spaced apart from each other and symmetrical with respect to a central axis extending in the second direction.

18. The orthogonal projection of each of the plurality of first connection electrodes on the second metal mesh layer is located within a gap between the two second connection electrodes between adjacent second touch sub-electrodes; The touch display panel of claim 17, wherein each of the plurality of first touch sub-electrodes is electrically connected to an adjacent first connection electrode by at least one connection line consisting of a plurality of first metal wires connected in sequence from the beginning to the end.

19. The touch display panel of claim 18 , wherein the first metal lines connected in sequence from the top to the bottom overlap with the second metal lines of the second connection electrode in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate.

20. The touch display panel of claim 12, wherein an average line width of the first metal lines is greater than an average line width of the second metal lines.

21. 21. The touch display panel of claim 11, wherein each of a plurality of first metal lines located in a boundary region between adjacent first touch sub-electrodes and second touch sub-electrodes includes a plurality of spaces, and each of the plurality of spaces divides the first metal line including it into two first metal line segments, one of which belongs to the first touch sub-electrode and the other of which belongs to the second touch sub-electrode, thereby isolating the adjacent first touch sub-electrodes and second touch sub-electrodes.

22. the plurality of spaces include a plurality of first spaces located on one straight line, the plurality of first spaces being located on a plurality of first metal lines perpendicular to the straight line, 22. The touch display panel of claim 21, wherein at least one first metal line is present between at least two first spaces, the at least one first metal line intersects with the straight line, and the at least one first metal line has no spaces at its intersection with the straight line.

23. the first metal mesh layer includes a plurality of first touch electrodes disposed along the second direction; The touch display panel of any one of claims 11 to 22, wherein at least one first metal mesh includes three first metal mesh portions insulated from each other, the three first metal mesh portions respectively belong to three touch sub-electrodes insulated from each other, and the three touch sub-electrodes include two first touch sub-electrodes adjacent to each other in the second direction and one second touch sub-electrode located between the two first touch sub-electrodes, or two second touch sub-electrodes adjacent to each other in the first direction and one first touch sub-electrode located between the two second touch sub-electrodes.

24. An electronic device comprising the touch display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 23.

Images