Ventilation and air conditioning system

Abstract

To provide a ventilation air conditioning system configured to: normally save energy and achieve a pleasant space having a uniform temperature and good air quality; if a toxic substance is introduced or generated, prevent diffusion to another space while quickly exhausting the toxic substance; and effectively utilize the heat and air quality of return air.SOLUTION: An air intake unit 16 and exhaust means 19 are provided to multiple rooms in a building. Multiple air blowing units 13 for blowing air with multiple ducts 17 are provided to the air intake units 16. A return air path which merges from the multiple exhaust means 19 and returns air to the air blowing units 13 is provided. Indoor air is circulated inside the building by the air blowing units 13. An outdoor air introduction path having an opening / closing mechanism is connected to the return air path. Exhaust means 26 for exhausting air outdoors and having an opening / closing mechanism 27 is provided to the multiple rooms. Switching is possible to exhaust air outdoors independently for each of the multiple rooms while circulating outdoor air and indoor air in the building.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a ventilation and air conditioning system that ventilates and air-conditions a plurality of rooms in a building. [Background technology]

[0002] Buildings are becoming more airtight and insulated to save energy and make life more comfortable. At the same time, ventilation is becoming more important to ensure clean air and healthy living. In residential and non-residential buildings that have ventilation and air conditioning systems that thoroughly ventilate and air-condition all rooms and spaces within the building, the ventilated and air-conditioned air circulates through each room and space within the building, so odors, bacteria, and other harmful substances that are generated or flow into one room or space can flow into other rooms, spaces, corridors, etc., making other people uncomfortable and putting them at risk of infection from bacteria. According to the guidelines of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC (2003)) (Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare website, Reference material, Regarding ventilation to improve "poorly ventilated enclosed spaces" in commercial facilities, etc., P1-P2, March 30, 2020), if the ventilation rate for the entire building is increased to 6 to 12 times / h or more and the air inside the building is quickly replaced with outside air, harmful substances such as odors and bacteria can be expelled. However, this also increases noise, the initial cost is high, and the running cost is also high due to a significant increase in the air conditioning load, making it difficult to actually achieve in ordinary homes or non-residential buildings. If a system is introduced that ventilates and conditions air for each room or space, the ventilated or air-conditioned air will circulate only within that room or space, so there is no risk of odors or bacteria entering other rooms or spaces. However, the initial and running costs will be higher, and space will be required for the equipment. Depending on the shape of each room or space, the installation of the equipment, and the operating conditions, the distribution of temperature, humidity, bacteria, dust, odors, etc. may not be uniform in each room or space, creating uncomfortable rooms and spaces. Conventionally, this type of ventilation and air conditioning system is known to introduce outside air into a room to create conditioned air, create negative pressure in the room with an exhaust fan, and exhaust the conditioned air while uniformly introducing it into the room (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In addition, multiple rooms are provided with an air supply fan outlet and an exhaust fan inlet, and the outside air is sterilized by a sterilizer installed in the air supply and exhaust ducts, introduced into each room, and exhausted. A negative pressure room maintained at negative pressure by an auxiliary ventilation fan is air-conditioned by an air conditioner, and exhaust air is also sterilized to prevent backflow from this room to other rooms (see, for example, Patent Document 2). Also, in order to prevent harmful substances generated in any of multiple rooms that communicate with each other from spreading to other rooms, all rooms are normally equipped with Type 3 centralized ventilation, and the room in which the harmful substances were generated is switched to Type 1 ventilation. Also, there is known a system that works in conjunction with a whole-building ventilation and air-conditioning system to reduce the amount of supply air (return air and conditioned outside air) to the room in which the harmful substances were generated below the exhaust air volume of the ventilator (see, for example, Patent Document 3). In addition, in order to prevent the spread of harmful substances if they are generated in a room, a system is known in which a harmful substance sensor, an exhaust fan, an intake fan, and an outdoor exhaust damper are used to exhaust the substances outside the room without leaking into other rooms (for example, Patent Document 4). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 6-221612 [Patent Document 2] JP 2005-257198 A [Patent Document 3] JP 2019-211139 A [Patent Document 4] JP 2018-151114 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, in the ventilation and air conditioning system described in Patent Document 1, when harmful substances flow in from outside or are generated indoors, the insect and bacteria elimination unit sterilizes them. However, this is designed to be done at night when no one is present in an office, etc., and it is not possible to sterilize when people are present. In addition, since the system does not cover multiple spaces or rooms and always conditions outside air, there are problems with a large air conditioning load and high initial and running costs. In addition, the ventilation air conditioning system described in Patent Document 2 has an auxiliary ventilation fan installed in a room kept at negative pressure and multiple rooms are connected by exhaust ducts, so there is a risk that bacteria that have not been sterilized by the sterilization device will flow into other rooms. Furthermore, there are also problems with constantly taking in outside air and exhausting it, which places a large air conditioning load and causes uneven temperatures between rooms, making it uncomfortable. In addition, in the ventilation and air-conditioning system described in Patent Document 3, the rooms in which the first and third type ventilation devices are installed are fixed, so if harmful substances are generated in a room where the third type ventilation device is installed, it is impossible to prevent the substances from spreading to other rooms. In addition, there is also the problem that the initial cost is high if a first type ventilation device is installed in every room. Furthermore, there is also the problem that if harmful substances are generated in other rooms, there is a risk that they will spread to other rooms due to the return air supplied to each room in the whole-building ventilation and air-conditioning system. Furthermore, the air conditioning and ventilation system described in Patent Document 4 makes no mention of ventilation of other rooms, air conditioning of each room, or movement of air between rooms, and therefore cannot provide air conditioning and ventilation for the entire building, which means that it is not possible to respond when the location where harmful substances are generated changes.

[0005] The present invention is intended to solve such conventional problems, and aims to provide a more energy-efficient and comfortable ventilation and air-conditioning system that typically provides appropriate ventilation and air-conditioning in each room and space, creating an energy-efficient space with a uniform temperature and good air quality, and that, if harmful substances such as odors or bacteria flow into or are generated in any space, quickly expels the harmful substances while preventing them from diffusing from that space or air path to other spaces, and that supplies conditioned air to spaces where harmful substances have not flowed in or been generated, thereby making effective use of the heat and air quality of the return air. In addition, by providing a sterilization or deodorization function in the return air flow path, harmful substances and odors can be removed and deodorized from the large volume of air circulating within the building, thereby aiming to provide a safer, healthier and more comfortable ventilation and air conditioning system. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objective, the ventilation and air conditioning system of the present invention provides intake sections and exhaust means in multiple rooms within a building, provides multiple air blowing sections which blow air through multiple ducts in the intake section, provides a return air duct which joins the multiple exhaust means and returns to the air blowing section, circulates indoor air within the building using the air blowing section, connects an outdoor air introduction passage having an opening and closing mechanism to the return air duct, and provides outdoor exhaust means having an opening and closing mechanism in the multiple rooms, so that while outdoor air and the indoor air are circulated within the building, it is possible to switch between exhausting to the outdoors independently for each of the multiple rooms. With this means, the blower unit circulates conditioned indoor air from the intake unit to multiple rooms in the building, and the conditioned air, which is the return air, joins together from each exhaust means of the multiple rooms, such as door undercuts, passes through the return air path, is conditioned again by the air conditioning unit, and returns to the blower unit. Since the indoor air is supplied to the rooms, the rooms are under positive pressure relative to the outdoors, and since the return air confluence is sucked into the blower, the rooms are under negative pressure relative to the outdoors. Therefore, by adjusting the opening and closing mechanism of the exhaust means for each of the rooms, for example, the opening and closing amount of the window, when indoor air containing harmful substances is generated and flows into a certain room, the amount of the indoor air containing harmful substances exhausted to the outdoors from the open part of the window of the room can be adjusted. Also, by adjusting the opening and closing mechanism of the outdoor air introduction path connected to the return air conduit, for example, the opening and closing amount of the window, the amount of outdoor air introduced into the return air conduit can be adjusted. Also, since the outdoor air introduction path is connected to the confluence of the return air conduit, the negative pressure of the door undercut of the room with the window closed is lower than the negative pressure of the undercut of the room with the window open, and the pressure difference between the negative pressure of the air confluenced by these and the outdoors is relatively stable, and the outdoor air is stably introduced even without a fan to introduce the outdoor air. As a result, a ventilation and air conditioning system can be obtained that has a relatively simple configuration and can simultaneously exhaust the indoor air of the room and supply outdoor air and indoor air, and that can supply fresh air while discharging harmful substances to the outside even if they flow in or are generated. Another means is a ventilation and air conditioning system that provides an air intake section and an exhaust means to the outside having an opening and closing mechanism in multiple rooms within a building, provides the air intake section and the exhaust means in a space other than the multiple rooms, provides multiple air blowing sections which blow air through multiple ducts in the air intake section, provides a return air duct that joins the multiple exhaust means and returns to the air blowing section, provides an air conditioning section having at least one air conditioning section and multiple air blowing sections in the middle of the return air duct, provides a fan that introduces outdoor air in an outdoor air introduction duct connected to the return air duct, and circulates the outdoor air and indoor air within the building while being switchable so that each of the multiple rooms can exhaust air to the outside independently, wherein the total air blowing volume of the multiple air blowing sections is greater than the air conditioning air volume of the air conditioning section and the outdoor air introduction volume of the fan. With this means, fresh outdoor air introduced by the fan and return air, which is conditioned air from spaces other than the multiple rooms, such as underfloor, ceiling, and storeroom, flow through exhaust means, such as undercuts in doors, through return air passages to the air-conditioned section, where the air is conditioned by the air conditioning unit, and a mixture of the outdoor air, conditioned air, and return air is blown to each room and each space by multiple blower units connected by ducts to the intake units of the multiple rooms and the intake units of the spaces other than the multiple rooms. Each room is then at a positive pressure relative to the outside, so that the indoor air of the room is pushed out by adjusting the opening and closing mechanism of the exhaust means to the outside, such as the opening and closing of a window, and is replaced by the mixed air, so that the exhaust of the room and the supply of fresh air at a moderate temperature are performed at the same time, and even if harmful substances flow in or are generated, they are discharged to the outside, and a ventilation and air-conditioning system can be obtained that can maintain a comfortable space by adjusting the amount of air blown by the blower unit and the amount of outdoor air introduced by the fan. In the air-conditioned section, the total air volume blown by the blower unit is greater than the conditioned air volume by the air-conditioning unit and the amount of outdoor air introduced by the fan, so the outdoor air, conditioned air, and return air are well mixed and a large volume of fresh air at a temperature with a small difference between the outdoor air temperature and the average room temperature is blown to each room, resulting in an energy-efficient ventilation and air-conditioning system in which each room is at a uniform temperature, creating healthy and comfortable spaces. Another means is a ventilation fan provided in the means for exhausting to the outside of the room. This allows for variable control of the air volume of an exhaust means to the outside, for example, an exhaust fan installed in a window connected to the outside, and normally, a small volume of air is exhausted for 24-hour ventilation, creating an energy-saving, healthy and comfortable space. In the event of the inflow or generation of harmful substances, a large volume of air is exhausted, enabling faster and more reliable discharge of the harmful substances, with less risk of diffusion to other rooms through gaps, etc., and resulting in a ventilation and air-conditioning system that allows for more precise air-conditioning and ventilation control. Another means is a ventilation and air-conditioning system that provides an intake section, an exhaust means, and an exhaust means to the outside having an opening and closing mechanism in a plurality of rooms in a building, provides the intake section, the exhaust means to the outside, and an airtight door in rooms other than the plurality of rooms, provides a plurality of blowing sections which blow air through a plurality of ducts in the intake section, provides a return air path which joins the plurality of exhaust means and the airtight door and returns to the blowing section, provides an air-conditioning section having at least one air-conditioning section and a plurality of the blowing sections in the middle of the return air path, and provides a fan which introduces outdoor air in an outdoor air introduction path connected to the return air path, and circulates the outdoor air and indoor air within the building while being switchable so as to exhaust the air to the outside independently for each of the plurality of rooms and for each of the rooms other than the plurality of rooms, wherein the total air supply volume of the plurality of blowing sections is greater than the air-conditioning air volume of the air-conditioning section and the outdoor air introduction volume of the fan. With this, a highly airtight door is provided in a room other than the plurality of rooms, for example, a room such as a medical treatment room or a smoking room where harmful substances or odors are likely to be generated, and only the return air, which is the conditioned air from the plurality of rooms, flows through a return air passage from an exhaust means for the plurality of rooms, for example, an undercut in the door, into the air-conditioned section, where it is conditioned by the air conditioning unit together with the outdoor air introduced by the fan, and the mixed air of the outdoor air, the conditioned air, and the return air is blown out from the intake parts of the plurality of rooms and the rooms other than the plurality of rooms through direct ducts by the plurality of blowing units, so that each room becomes a positive pressure relative to the outside, and the air containing harmful substances and odors from the rooms other than the plurality of rooms is pushed out by an exhaust means to the outside, for example, For example, while being exhausted to the outside through the open window, it is replaced by the mixed air, and in multiple rooms, while being exhausted to the outside through the exhaust means to the outside, some of the conditioned air is returned to the air-conditioned section from the exhaust means as return air, so even if harmful substances flow into or are generated in rooms other than the multiple rooms, they are quickly exhausted to the outside, and there is little risk of harmful substances or odors spreading to other rooms. In multiple rooms, air conditioning can be performed according to the load of the room by adjusting the air flow rate from the blower section, the return air flow rate from the undercut, and the exhaust air flow rate by opening and closing the windows, and the heat and air quality of some of the conditioned air is used again for air conditioning as return air, resulting in an even more energy-efficient and highly efficient ventilation and air-conditioning system. In the air-conditioned section, the total air volume blown by the blower unit is greater than the conditioned air volume by the air-conditioning unit and the amount of outdoor air introduced by the fan, so the outdoor air, the air conditioned by the air-conditioning unit, and the return air from multiple rooms are well mixed, and a large volume of fresh air at a temperature with a small difference between the outside air temperature and the average room temperature is blown to each room, resulting in an energy-efficient ventilation and air-conditioning system in which each room is at a uniform temperature, creating healthy and comfortable spaces. Another means is a ventilation fan provided in the means for exhausting to the outside of the room. This allows for variably controlling the air volume of an exhaust means to the outside, for example, an exhaust fan installed in a window connected to the outside, and normally, in rooms other than the multiple rooms, a small volume of air is exhausted for 24-hour ventilation using the exhaust fan, and in the multiple rooms, more precise air conditioning can be performed according to the load of the room by adjusting the air volume sent by the blower unit, the return air volume from the undercut, and the exhaust air volume using the exhaust fan installed in the window, resulting in an energy-saving, healthy and comfortable space.In the event that harmful substances flow into or are generated in a room other than the multiple rooms, a large volume of air is exhausted using the exhaust fan, making it possible to more quickly and reliably discharge the harmful substances, resulting in a ventilation and air-conditioning system with even less risk of them spreading to other rooms. Another means is a ventilation air conditioning system in which an intake section and an exhaust means are provided in a plurality of rooms in a building, the intake section, an exhaust means to the outside, and an airtight door are provided in a room other than the plurality of rooms, a plurality of blowing sections which blow air through a plurality of ducts are provided in the intake section, a return air path is provided which joins the plurality of exhaust means and the airtight door and returns to the blowing section, an air conditioning section having at least one air conditioning section and the plurality of blowing sections is provided midway along the return air path, and a heat exchange unit is provided in an outdoor air introduction path and an indoor air exhaust path connected to the return air path, which introduces the outdoor air into the return air path while exchanging heat between the outdoor air and a portion of the return air from the exhaust means and exhausts a portion of the return air to the outside, and the ventilation air conditioning system is switchable so that the heat-exchanged outdoor air and the indoor air are circulated within the building and the air is exhausted to the outside independently for each room other than the plurality of rooms, and the total air blowing volume of the plurality of blowing sections is greater than the air conditioning air volume of the air conditioning section and the outdoor air introduction volume of the heat exchange unit. With this, airtight doors are provided in rooms other than the plurality of rooms, for example, rooms such as a medical treatment room or a smoking room where harmful substances or odors are likely to occur, and a portion of the return air, which is the conditioned air from the plurality of rooms, flows into the air-conditioned section through the exhaust means of the plurality of rooms, for example, undercuts in the doors, and a portion of the return air is heat-exchanged with outdoor air by the heat exchange unit and discharged to the outside. Both the heat-exchanged outdoor air and a portion of the return air are conditioned by the air conditioning section, and a mixture of the outdoor air, conditioned air, and return air is blown from the intake section of the plurality of rooms and the rooms other than the plurality of rooms through direct ducts by the plurality of blowing sections, so that the rooms other than the plurality of rooms are under positive pressure relative to the outside, and the air containing harmful substances and odors is pushed out and discharged to the outside through exhaust means to the outside, for example, an open window, and is replaced with the mixed air, and in the plurality of rooms, the conditioned air is exhausted as return air through exhaust means, for example, undercuts in the doors. Since the air returns to the air conditioning section and the heat exchange unit from the air conditioning section, even if harmful substances flow in or are generated in rooms other than the multiple rooms, they are quickly discharged to the outside, and the risk of harmful substances and odors spreading to other rooms is further reduced, and in the multiple rooms, air conditioning according to the load of the room can be performed by adjusting the airflow volume by the air blowing section, the return air volume from the undercut, and the exhaust air volume and the outdoor air introduction volume by the heat exchange unit, and exhaust heat is recovered, and the heat and air quality of some of the air conditioned air are used again for air conditioning as return air, resulting in a more energy-saving and highly efficient ventilation air conditioning system. And, since the total airflow volume by the air blowing section is greater than the air conditioning air volume by the air conditioning section and the outdoor air introduction volume by the heat exchange unit, the outdoor air, the air conditioned by the air conditioning section, and the return air from the multiple rooms are well mixed, and fresh air with a temperature that is close to the difference between the outdoor temperature and the average room temperature is blown into each room with a large volume of air, resulting in an energy-saving ventilation air conditioning system in which each room has a uniform temperature and is a healthy and comfortable space. Another means is a ventilation fan provided in the means for exhausting the air to the outside of the room. This allows for variably controlling the air volume of an exhaust means to the outside, for example, a ventilation fan installed in a window, and normally, in rooms other than the multiple rooms, a small volume of air is exhausted for 24-hour ventilation using the ventilation fan, and in the multiple rooms, energy-saving, highly efficient heat exchange is performed using the heat exchange unit, and by adjusting the air volume sent by the blower section, the return air volume from the undercut, the exhaust air volume by the heat exchange unit, and the amount of outdoor air introduced, more precise air conditioning can be performed according to the load on the room, realizing an energy-saving, healthy, comfortable space, and in the event that harmful substances flow into or are generated in a room other than the multiple rooms, a large volume of air is exhausted using the ventilation fan, making it possible to more quickly and reliably discharge the harmful substances and reducing the risk of diffusion through gaps, etc., resulting in a ventilation and air-conditioning system. Another means is to provide an exhaust means having an opening and closing mechanism connected to the return air passage in a room other than the plurality of rooms. As a result, when no harmful substances or odors are generated in rooms other than the multiple rooms, for example, treatment rooms and smoking rooms, which are rooms where harmful substances or odors are likely to be generated, the opening and closing mechanism of the exhaust means connected to the return air duct, for example, the opening and closing of a window in an airtight door connected to a corridor, is adjusted to adjust the volume of return air, which is the conditioned air from rooms other than the multiple rooms, and the heat of the return air is used for air conditioning in the air-conditioned section and the heat is recovered by the heat exchange unit, resulting in a more energy-saving and efficient ventilation and air-conditioning system. Another means is a ventilation and air-conditioning system in which an intake section, exhaust means having an opening / closing mechanism, exhaust means to the outside having an opening / closing mechanism, and airtight doors are provided in a plurality of rooms in a building, a plurality of blowing sections which blow air through a plurality of ducts are provided in the intake section, a return air path is provided which joins the plurality of exhaust means and the airtight door and returns to the blowing section, an air-conditioning section having at least one air-conditioning section and a plurality of the blowing sections is provided midway along the return air path, and a heat exchange unit is provided in an outdoor air introduction path and an indoor air exhaust path connected to the return air path, which introduces the outdoor air into the return air path while exchanging heat between the outdoor air and a portion of the return air from the exhaust means and exhausts a portion of the return air to the outside, and the ventilation and air-conditioning system is switchable so that the heat-exchanged outdoor air and the indoor air are circulated within the building while exhausting the air to the outside independently for each of the plurality of rooms, wherein the total air blowing volume of the plurality of blowing sections is greater than the air-conditioning air volume of the air-conditioning section and the outdoor air introduction volume of the heat exchange unit. This allows air to be circulated in any room, usually by opening the exhaust means opening / closing mechanisms for multiple rooms, for example, a window in an airtight door connected to a corridor, and closing the exhaust means opening / closing mechanisms for the exhaust means to the outside, for example, a window connected to the outside, so that part of the return air, which is the air after air conditioning, flows into the air-conditioned section, and part of the return air exchanges heat with the outdoor air by the heat exchange unit and is discharged to the outside. Both the outdoor air and part of the return air that have been heat exchanged are air-conditioned by the air conditioning unit, and a mixture of the outdoor air, the air-conditioned air, and the return air passes directly through the ducts and is blown from the intake units of the multiple rooms by the multiple blowing units, and air conditioning can be performed according to the load of the room by adjusting the blowing volume by the blowing unit, the return air volume from the open part of the airtight door window, and the exhaust air volume and the outdoor air introduction volume by the heat exchange unit, and exhaust heat is recovered, and the heat and air quality of part of the air after air conditioning is reused for air conditioning as return air, resulting in a more energy-saving and efficient ventilation and air-conditioning system. If harmful substances or odors are generated in any room, the window of the airtight door of that room is closed, the window connected to the outside is opened, and the air blown from the intake section creates a positive pressure relative to the outside, and the air containing harmful substances and odors is pushed out from the open window and replaced with the mixed air, so that even if harmful substances flow in or are generated, they are quickly discharged to the outside, and a ventilation air-conditioning system with little risk of harmful substances or odors diffusing to other rooms is obtained. In the air-conditioned section, the total air volume blown by the blower section is greater than the air-conditioning air volume by the air-conditioning section and the outdoor air intake volume by the heat exchange unit, so that the outdoor air, the air conditioned by the air-conditioning section, and the return air from the multiple rooms are well mixed, and fresh air with a temperature that is close to the difference between the outdoor temperature and the average room temperature is blown into each room at a large volume, resulting in an energy-saving ventilation air-conditioning system in which each room has a uniform temperature and is a healthy and comfortable space. Another means is a ventilation fan provided in the means for exhausting the air to the outside of the room. This provides a ventilation air-conditioning system that can discharge harmful substances more quickly and reliably, regardless of the room, by normally stopping the operation of an exhaust means to the outside, for example, an exhaust fan installed in a window connected to the outside, and by exhausting a large amount of air with the exhaust fan in the room when harmful substances flow in or are generated, and can reduce the risk of diffusion through airtight doors, gaps in the windows, etc. Then, during the intermediate periods of spring and fall and at night in summer, the window of the airtight door in the room is closed, the window connected to the outside is opened, the air volume of the exhaust fan is adjusted, and the outdoor air is introduced into the air-conditioned section by the heat exchange unit without exchanging heat with the return air, and the blower blows air from the intake section of each room, thereby providing a more energy-efficient ventilation air-conditioning system for air-conditioning and ventilation mainly using outdoor air. Further, other means include a positive pressure mode in which the air blowing volume by the blowing section of each of the plurality of rooms or a room other than the plurality of rooms is greater than the exhaust air volume by the ventilation fan of the exhaust means to the outside of the room, a balanced mode in which the air blowing volume and the exhaust air volume are equal, and a negative pressure mode in which the exhaust air volume is greater than the air blowing volume. This provides a ventilation and air conditioning system that normally operates in a positive pressure mode with priority given to air conditioning for energy saving and comfortable operation, and operates in a negative pressure mode with priority given to ventilation and large volume exhaust for healthy operation immediately after harmful substances or odors are generated or when harmful substances have spread or odors have become intense, and in other cases operates in a balanced mode for healthy and comfortable operation with a balance between ventilation and air conditioning. Another means is to provide a means for sterilization or deodorization in the middle of the return air passage. As a result, if the outdoor air introduced into the air-conditioned section from outside contains harmful substances or odors, or if harmful substances or odors remain in the return air from the exhaust vent, a sterilization and deodorization device installed in the air-conditioned section, for example, using a HEPA + deodorizing filter method, sodium hypochlorite method, plasma discharge method, corona discharge method, ultraviolet irradiation + photocatalyst method, etc., can be used to remove and deodorize the harmful substances and odors in the large volume of air that circulates within the building and passes through the air-conditioned section, resulting in a safer, healthier, and more comfortable ventilation and air-conditioning system. Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the present invention, small air volume exhaust for each room or space, or small air volume heat exchange and large air volume small temperature difference air conditioning for the entire building are normally performed appropriately to realize a healthy and comfortable space with uniform temperature and good air quality while saving energy. If harmful substances such as odors or bacteria flow into or are generated in any room, the ventilation air volume of that room is increased to quickly exhaust the harmful substances while preventing their diffusion from that room or air path to other spaces, and the large volume of conditioned air supplied to rooms or spaces where harmful substances do not flow in or are not generated is reused for air conditioning, making effective use of the heat and air quality of the return air, providing a ventilation air conditioning system that is even more energy-efficient and comfortable. In addition, by sterilizing or deodorizing a large volume of mixed air for air conditioning or ventilation, a rational and efficient ventilation air conditioning system that improves air quality can be provided. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a ventilation air-conditioning system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] Plan and longitudinal cross-sectional views of the system's airtight door, exhaust vent, and opening / closing mechanism [Diagram 3] Plan and longitudinal cross-sectional views of the system's outdoor exhaust vent and opening / closing mechanism [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a ventilation air-conditioning system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a ventilation air-conditioning system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the ventilation and air-conditioning system 1 installed in a building (not shown) that is a highly airtight and highly insulated house air-conditions and ventilates a plurality of rooms divided into a plurality of parts in the building, such as a room A5, a room B6, a living room (not shown), a bedroom (not shown), a toilet (not shown), a washroom (not shown), a bathroom (not shown), a kitchen (not shown), etc., as well as spaces other than the plurality of rooms, such as an attic (not shown), a floor space (not shown), a storeroom (not shown), etc., and a treatment room 7, a smoking room (not shown), etc., which are rooms other than the plurality of rooms. In this embodiment, the treatment room 7 is a room where sick people or people in need of care are treated, the smoking room is a room dedicated to smoking, and the rooms other than the plurality of rooms are rooms that may generate harmful substances or odors such as carbon dioxide, odors, volatile organic compounds, bacteria, viruses, etc. in harmful or unpleasant amounts. In addition, in this embodiment, the term "room" refers to a habitable room, and the term "space" refers to a non-habitable room. A habitable room is a room that is used continuously for living, office work, work, gathering, recreation, or other similar purposes, and a non-habitable room is a room that is not used for such purposes. However, rooms whose uses are difficult to determine as habitable can be determined based on actual usage.

[0010] With this ventilation and air conditioning system 1, the air conditioning and ventilation of multiple rooms and spaces can be set individually for each building. Air-conditioned sections 10 are provided in non-habitable rooms such as the attic (not shown), under the floor (not shown), under the stairs (not shown), on a staircase landing (not shown), and in a machine room (not shown). Within the air-conditioned section 10, there are provided an outside air inlet 11 for introducing outside air, a blower section 13 having a plurality of intake ports 12, a return air outlet 14 for introducing return air from a space other than the plurality of rooms such as room A5 and room B6 (not shown), a space other than the plurality of rooms (not shown), a treatment room 7 (not shown), a smoking room (not shown), etc., through a return air passage such as a corridor (not shown) or a staircase (not shown), and an air-conditioning section 15 connected to an air-conditioning outdoor unit (not shown) installed outside the room by refrigerant piping and electrical wiring. Air conditioning unit 15 has a heat exchanger (not shown) and a blower (not shown), and blower unit 13 has a fan (not shown) and a motor (not shown).

[0011] In this embodiment, the blower section 13 in the air-conditioning section 10 is separate from the blower (not shown) of the air-conditioning section 15, but any configuration of the blower section 13 and blower may be used as long as the air-conditioning blower function for heat exchange in a heat exchanger (not shown) and the transport function for blowing air to each room and space are effectively performed. In this embodiment, the air-conditioned section 10 is a sealed air-conditioned room covered with walls and insulation, but it may be a compact housing covered with sheet metal or insulation, or a partially open stairwell, corridor, or housing as long as the outdoor air, return air, pre-conditioning air, and post-conditioning air are well mixed without shortcutting due to the relative positions of the air-conditioning unit 15 and the blower unit 13. However, it is preferable that the air-conditioning unit 15 and the multiple blower units 13 are large enough for people to enter and exit and for maintenance to be performed. The multiple air blowing units 13 are connected one-to-one with the multiple rooms, such as the room A5, the room B6, the living room (not shown), the bedroom (not shown), the toilet (not shown), the washroom (not shown), the bathroom (not shown), the kitchen (not shown), the attic (not shown), the floor space (not shown), the storeroom (not shown), and the like, which are spaces other than the multiple rooms, and the multiple air intake units 16 provided on the ceilings and walls of the rooms other than the multiple rooms, such as the treatment room 7 and the smoking room (not shown), which are spaces other than the multiple rooms, are connected one-to-one with the multiple ducts 17 or air blowing chambers (not shown). The reason why multiple air intake units 16 are provided in the attic (not shown), the floor space (not shown), the storeroom (not shown), and the like, which are spaces other than the multiple rooms, and the multiple air blowing units 13 blow mixed air is that, even if people are rarely present in the space, if the entire building is air-conditioned with mixed air, the entire building will have a uniform temperature with little temperature difference between rooms and spaces, and there will be little heat transfer, which will actually save energy in maintaining a comfortable space. In particular, the attic (not shown) and under the floor (not shown) are large spaces facing the exterior walls of the building, which provides further insulation for the building and allows for energy-saving air conditioning.

[0012] Exhaust ports (exhaust means) 19 such as undercuts on doors 18 of multiple rooms such as room A5 and room B6 and spaces other than the multiple rooms, and exhaust ports (exhaust means) 22 having opening and closing mechanisms 21 for highly airtight doors 20 of rooms such as the treatment room 7 other than the multiple rooms, merge into return air channels such as non-residential rooms such as a corridor (not shown), a staircase hall (not shown), and a hallway (not shown), and the return air channel is connected to return air vent 14 provided in the air-conditioned section 10. In the multiple rooms, such as room A5 and room B6, and in the treatment room 7 which is a room other than the multiple rooms, an exhaust port (exhaust means to the outside) 26 connected to the outside 25 is provided, and each has an opening / closing mechanism 27. Note that the opening / closing mechanisms 21 and 27 are at least capable of completely closing and completely opening, and it is preferable that the opening / closing amount can be adjusted in several steps or continuously, since this allows for fine adjustment of the exhaust air volume.

[0013] An outdoor hood 29 capable of preventing the intrusion of rainwater, birds, insects, dust, etc. is provided at each opening in the exterior wall facing the outside 25 downstream of the exhaust port 26 to the outside. Additionally, no exhaust vents 26 to the outside are provided in spaces other than the multiple rooms, such as the attic (not shown), under the floor (not shown), or storeroom (not shown). This is because people rarely reside in these rooms, and even if harmful substances are generated and enter the rooms, the harmful substances will be diluted over a certain amount of time due to the circulation of mixed air by the blower 13, and will be sterilized and deodorized by the sterilization and deodorization device 40 described below. Additionally, in a room other than the multiple rooms, such as the treatment room 7, an exhaust fan 28 is provided that exhausts air to the outside 25 through an exhaust port 26 to the outside of the room. Note that the exhaust fan 28 may be a window or wall-mounted type that rotates a propeller fan with an AC motor when the exhaust port 26 is short and air resistance is small, but when the duct is long and air resistance is relatively large, a ceiling-embedded type that rotates a sirocco fan with a DC motor is preferable because it is energy-efficient and allows fine adjustment of the ventilation volume. An outside air intake fan 30 for introducing outside air into the air-conditioned section 10 is connected to the outside 25 by a duct 31 and is connected to the outside air intake port 11 of the air-conditioned section 10 by a duct 32, and has a means 33 for detecting harmful substances in the outside air, a HEPA filter 34, and a fan motor 35 inside.

[0014] In this embodiment, an outside air introduction fan 30 is provided in the outside air introduction passage connecting the outside room 25 and the return air passage. However, if an opening and closing mechanism is provided instead of the outside air introduction fan 30, and the amount of outside air introduced is adjusted, for example, by adjusting the opening and closing degree of a window connected to the outside room 25, then this can be easily done manually, although the adjustment range is small and it is difficult to adjust with precision. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the outside air introduction fan 30 is connected to the outside 25 by a duct 31 and to the air-conditioned section 10 by a duct 32; however, ultimately, it is sufficient if outside air is introduced into the air-conditioned section 10, and the mixed air of the conditioned air and the return air from the rooms and spaces is blown to each room and space. For example, the outside air introduction fan 30 may be connected by a duct or the like to a return air duct such as a corridor (not shown), staircase hall (not shown), entrance hall (not shown) or the like upstream of the return air vent 14 of the air-conditioned section 10. The harmful substance detection means 33 detects carbon dioxide, odors, volatile organic compounds, bacteria, viruses, and the like. Further, upstream of the ventilation fan 28 of the treatment room 7, which is a room other than the plurality of rooms, there is also provided a harmful substance detection means 36 for the air within the treatment room 7.

[0015] The air-conditioning section 10 is provided with a sterilization / deodorization device 40, which sterilizes and deodorizes the outdoor air circulating in the building at a large volume, the return air which is the air-conditioned air, the conditioned air, and the mixed air obtained by mixing them in the air-conditioning section. The sterilization and deodorization device 40 may be, for example, a HEPA + deodorizing filter type, a sodium hypochlorite type, a plasma discharge type, a corona discharge type, an ultraviolet irradiation + photocatalyst type, etc., and may be selected according to the type and level of harmful substances to be removed, the shape of the device, the shape of the air-conditioning section 10, the wind speed of the air in the air-conditioning section 10, etc. If only harmful substances are to be removed and odors do not need to be removed, only a sterilization device effective for removing the target harmful substances may be provided, or conversely, only a deodorization device effective for deodorizing the target odor may be provided. For example, if the target is viruses with particle diameters of 0.1 μm or more that can be captured by a HEPA filter and odors that can be deodorized by a deodorizing filter using activated carbon, if these filters are provided detachably in close contact with the inside of the return air vent 14 of the air-conditioning section 10, all return air circulating in the building will pass through this return air vent 14, so that a large space is not required, and maintenance is easy because it can be performed by removing the return air vent 14. In this embodiment, the sterilization and deodorization device 40 is installed within the air-conditioned section 10, but there is no difference in the effectiveness of rationally and efficiently sterilizing and deodorizing the air circulating at a large volume within the building as long as it is installed along the return air path from the exhaust opening 19, such as an undercut in the door 18 of a room or space, and the exhaust opening 22 in an airtight door 20 of the treatment room 7, etc., which joins together in a non-residential corridor (not shown), staircase hall (not shown), entrance hall (not shown), etc., and enters the air-conditioned section 10 through the return air opening 14. However, since the sterilization / deodorization equipment 40 usually requires periodic cleaning and replacement of filters, replenishment with water and chemicals, and other cleaning and replacement, it is desirable that the location in which the sterilization / deodorization equipment 40 is installed be large enough for people to enter and exit and perform work, such as the air-conditioned section 10.

[0016] In Figure 1, all rooms and spaces within the building are omitted except for room A5, room B6, and treatment room 7, and correspondingly, the blower section 13, intake section 16, duct 17, door 18, exhaust vent 19, etc. are also omitted.

[0017] Figure 2 shows a plan view and a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the system’s airtight door, exhaust vent, and opening / closing mechanism. Figure 2(a) shows the opening / closing mechanism in a closed state, while Figures 2(b) and (c) show the opening / closing mechanism in an open state. 2(a) shows a state in which the opening / closing plate 41 of the opening / closing mechanism 21 provided at the exhaust port 22 of the airtight door 20 of a room other than the multiple rooms, such as a treatment room 7, is closed to block the exhaust port 22. The opening / closing plate 41 can be electrically and steplessly adjusted from 0 degrees (closed state) to 90 degrees (open state) around shafts 42 provided on the left and right sides by a motor (not shown) attached to the shafts 42. It is also possible to manually adjust the opening / closing plate 41 steplessly from 0 degrees to 180 degrees. The airtight door 20 can be opened by pulling it toward you around the hinge on the right side by holding the doorknob located in the center of the left side. FIG. 2(b) shows a state in which the opening / closing plate 41 of the airtight door 20 is opened 90 degrees and the exhaust port 22 is completely open. FIG. 2(c) is an enlarged view of the vertical cross section of FIG. 2(b).

[0018] In Figures 2(a) and (b), airtight door airtight parts 43 (shaded parts) around the four sides of the airtight door 20 have airtight seals and packing (not shown, made of polypropylene, polyester, vinyl chloride, EPDM rubber, etc.) affixed to door protrusions 44 provided on the four sides of the entrances to rooms and the like of a building in Figure 2(c), and the airtight seals and packing are in surface contact with the airtight door 20 on all four sides, maintaining a high level of airtightness when the airtight door 20 is closed. It is possible to increase the airtightness of a normal door by attaching airtight seals, packing, components, etc. around the four sides of the door to function as door airtight section 43. However, unless the airtight seals and packing are attached in a direction that compresses them when the door is closed, repeated opening and closing of the door may result in a deterioration of the airtightness. In addition, in Figure 2(a), airtight seals and gaskets (not shown, made of polypropylene, polyester, vinyl chloride, EPDM rubber, etc.) are affixed to exhaust port airtight portions 45 (shaded portions) around the four sides of exhaust port 22 in Figures 2(b) and 2(c) at exhaust port protrusions 46 provided on the four sides of exhaust port 22, and when opening / closing plate 4 in Figure 2(a) is closed, the airtight seals and gaskets are in surface contact with opening / closing plate 41 on all four sides, maintaining high airtightness when closed. In FIG. 2(c), the left side of the airtight door 20 is the inside of a room (in the first embodiment, the treatment room 7 which is a room other than the multiple rooms, and in the second embodiment, the multiple rooms and a room other than the multiple rooms), and the right side is a non-residential room such as a corridor (not shown), a staircase hall (not shown), and a hallway (not shown). When the opening / closing plate 41 is opened, the treatment room 7 is connected to the non-residential room such as the corridor (not shown), the staircase hall (not shown), and a hallway (not shown), and as a result, the treatment room 7 is connected to the return air vent 14 provided in the air-conditioned section 10. The large arrow indicates the direction of air flow when the airtight door 20 is opened, and the small arrow indicates the direction of rotation of the opening / closing plate 41. The airtight door 20 is designed to be opened by pulling it toward the inside of the room on the left side.

[0019] In this embodiment, a shaft 42 is provided on both sides of the center of a single opening / closing plate 41 to open and close it, resulting in a simple structure with little air resistance when opened and a uniform wind pressure on the opening / closing plate 41 when closed, making it difficult for the plate to open accidentally. Also, when opened, the opening of the exhaust port 22 is large, making it easy to take food and other items into and out of the room for the recuperating person with the highly airtight door 20 in its airtight state. If multiple small opening / closing plates are arranged in a row and connected to the shaft 42 with a link or the like to open and close them instead of using a single opening / closing plate 41, the protrusion of the opening / closing plate 41 in front of and behind the exhaust port 22 is reduced, and the appearance when the opening / closing plate 41 is opened is improved. In addition, in this embodiment, exhaust vent 22 is provided in airtight door 20, but if exhaust vent 22 is provided in a wall facing a corridor (not shown) or the like, and opening / closing plate 41 is open, it will merge with the room (in this embodiment 1, a treatment room 7 which is a room other than the multiple rooms, in embodiment 2, the multiple rooms and rooms other than the multiple rooms) at the corridor (not shown), staircase hall (not shown), entrance hall (not shown), etc., and connect to the return air channel, which is ultimately connected to return air vent 14 provided in air-conditioned section 10. In addition, in this embodiment, an exhaust vent 22 is provided in the airtight door 20, but if an exhaust vent 22 is not provided, an openable and closable window can be provided and the amount of return air flowing into the return air duct such as a corridor (not shown) can be adjusted by manually adjusting the opening degree of the window. However, care must be taken that the window cannot be opened and closed automatically and that high airtightness with the window frame must be maintained when the window is closed.

[0020] Figure 3 shows a plan view and a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the system’s outdoor exhaust vent and opening / closing mechanism. Figure 3(a) shows the opening / closing mechanism in a closed state, while Figures 3(b) and (c) show the opening / closing mechanism in an open state. Figure 3(a) shows a state in which the opening and closing plate 47 of the opening and closing mechanism 27 of the exhaust vent 26 connected to the outside 25, which is provided in one of multiple rooms, such as room A5 and room B6, and one of the multiple rooms other than the multiple rooms, such as the treatment room 7, is closed to 0 degrees, blocking the exhaust vent 26 to the outside. FIG. 3(b) shows a state in which the opening / closing plate 47 of the exhaust port 26 to the outside of the room is opened by 90 degrees, and the exhaust port 26 to the outside of the room is completely open. FIG. 3(c) is an enlarged view of the vertical cross section of FIG. 3(b). The opening / closing plate 47 can be electrically and steplessly adjusted from 0 degrees (closed state) to 90 degrees (open state) around a shaft 48 provided on the left and right sides by a motor (not shown) attached to the shaft 48. It is also possible to manually adjust it steplessly from 0 degrees to 180 degrees.

[0021] In Figure 3(a), exhaust port airtight parts 51 (shaded parts) around the four sides of wooden frame 50 of exhaust port 26 to the outside of the room have airtight seals and gaskets (not shown, made of polypropylene, polyester, polyvinyl chloride, EPDM rubber, etc.) affixed to exhaust port protrusions 52 provided on the four sides of the inside of wooden frame 50 in Figure 3(c).When opening / closing plate 47 in Figure 3(a) is closed, it is in surface contact with the airtight seals and gaskets on all four sides, maintaining a high level of airtightness when closed. 3(c), the left side of exhaust port 26 to the outside is the inside of the rooms (room A5, room B6, etc., which are multiple rooms, and treatment room 7, which is a room other than the multiple rooms), and the right side is outside room 25. When opening / closing plate 47 is opened, room A5, room B6, treatment room 7, and outside room 25 are connected. The large arrow indicates the direction of air flow when opening / closing plate 47 is open, and the small arrow indicates the direction of rotation of opening / closing plate 47. In this embodiment, a shaft 48 is provided on both sides of the center of a single opening / closing plate 47 to open and close it, resulting in a simple structure with little air resistance when the opening / closing plate 47 is open and uniform wind pressure on the opening / closing plate 47 when closed, making it less likely to open by itself due to external wind pressure, etc. If multiple small opening / closing plates are lined up and connected to the shaft 48 with a link or the like to open and close them instead of using a single opening / closing plate 47, the protrusion of the opening / closing plate in front of and behind the exhaust port 26 to the outside of the room is reduced, and the appearance when the opening / closing plate 47 is opened is improved. In this embodiment, exhaust port 26 to the outside is provided by penetrating wall 55 facing the outside room 25. However, if the room or space does not face the outside room 25, the outside side of exhaust port 26 to the outside may be connected to an opening to the outside (not shown) provided in the wall facing the outside room 25 via a duct (not shown) or chamber (not shown). In addition, if there is a window (not shown) in the room facing the outside 25, and it is difficult to provide exhaust vent 26 to the outside in another location, and opening / closing mechanism 27 cannot be installed on the window (not shown), it is possible to adjust the amount of exhaust air exhausted to the outside by manually opening and closing the window (not shown) and adjusting the opening degree; however, it cannot be opened and closed automatically, and care must be taken to prevent the intrusion of rainwater, birds, insects, dust, etc.

[0022] 1, the input and output means of the multiple air blowing units 13, air conditioning unit 15, opening / closing mechanisms 21, 27, ventilation fan 28, outside air introduction fan 30, harmful substance detection means 33, 36, sterilization / deodorization device 40, etc. are each electrically connected to a control unit 60 by multiple signal lines 61, and communicate with each other to properly control the ventilation / air-conditioning system 1. Note that in this embodiment, communication is a wired system using the signal lines 61, but it is also possible to provide a wireless communication unit for each unit and perform communication by a wireless system such as Wi-Fi (registered trademark), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or infrared.

[0023] In the above configuration, when operation of the ventilation and air conditioning system 1 is started by a controller (not shown) connected to the control unit 60, outside air is introduced through the duct 31 by the outside air introduction fan 30, the presence / concentration / amount of harmful substances (odour, bacteria, etc.) in the outside air is detected by the harmful substance detection means 33, the air is purified by the HEPA filter, and passes through the duct 32 and enters the air-conditioned section 10 from the outside air inlet 11. Return air from each room and space enters the air-conditioning section 10 through the return air inlet 14, and a portion of the return air, which is outdoor air and conditioned air, is conditioned by the air conditioning section 15. The conditioned air, outdoor air, and a portion of the return air are further mixed in the air-conditioning section 10 with a large volume of air from the multiple blowing sections 13. The mixed air is sterilized and deodorized by the sterilization and deodorization device 40, and is blown by the multiple blowing sections 13 through the multiple ducts 17. The mixed air is then blown out from multiple intake sections 16 provided on the ceilings, walls, etc. of the multiple rooms, such as room A5, room B6, living room (not shown), bedroom (not shown), toilet (not shown), washroom (not shown), bathroom (not shown), kitchen (not shown), etc., the attic (not shown), under the floor (not shown), storeroom (not shown), etc., which are spaces other than the multiple rooms, and the treatment room 7, etc., which is a room other than the multiple rooms, to air-condition each room and space.

[0024] In multiple rooms such as room A5 and room B6, the opening / closing plate 47 of the opening / closing mechanism 27 of the exhaust port 26 to the outside is opened to a certain extent, and a portion of the conditioned air that has become positive pressure relative to the outside 25 due to the supply of mixed air is exhausted to the outside 25 of each room. In addition, the remaining portion of the conditioned air returns to the air-conditioned section 10 from exhaust ports 19 such as undercuts in the doors 18 of each room, joining the return air ducts in the corridor (not shown), staircase hall (not shown), entrance hall (not shown), etc. The volume of mixed air sent from intake section 16 of each room is distributed to the exhaust air volume to outside 25 from exhaust port 26 of each room and the return air volume to the return air passage from exhaust port 19. The volume of exhaust air from exhaust port 26 to outside 25 of each room is determined by the opening cross-sectional area of ​​exhaust port 26 to the outside due to the angle of opening plate 47 of opening mechanism 27 which is opened to a certain extent, and the pressure difference between outside 25, and also the volume of return air from exhaust port 19 to the return air passage is determined by the opening area of ​​exhaust port 19 and the pressure difference between the corridor (not shown), staircase hall (not shown), and entrance (not shown). Under normal conditions, the opening and closing plates 47 of the opening and closing mechanisms 27 of the exhaust ports 26 to the outside of each room are adjusted so that the exhaust air volume is a small volume obtained by distributing the minimum 24-hour ventilation air volume required for the entire building based on the area of ​​each room, and the remainder of the blown air volume becomes the majority of the return air volume, which returns as return air from the exhaust port 19 to the air-conditioned section 10, where it is conditioned again and circulated to each room. In a room other than the multiple rooms, such as the treatment room 7, under normal conditions, the level of harmful substances detected by the harmful substance detection means 36 in the treatment room 7 is lower than the level of harmful substances in the outdoor air detected by the harmful substance detection means 33, so that the control unit 60 determines that the mode is positive pressure mode. The opening and closing plate 41 of the opening and closing mechanism 21 provided at the exhaust port 22 of the airtight door 20 is opened 90 degrees to completely open the exhaust port 22, the opening and closing plate 47 of the opening and closing mechanism 27 of the exhaust port 26 to the outside is opened to a certain extent to stop the ventilation fan 28, and the blowing volume of the mixed air is greater than the exhaust volume of the exhaust port 26 to the outside, so that a portion of the conditioned air that has become positive pressure relative to the outside 25 is exhausted to the outside 25 of the treatment room 7. In addition, a portion of the remaining conditioned air is exhausted from the exhaust port 22 of the airtight door 20 of the treatment room 7 to the return air passage such as a corridor (not shown), a staircase hall (not shown), or a hallway (not shown) and returns to the air-conditioned section 10. The volume of mixed air blown from intake section 16 of treatment room 7 is distributed to an exhaust air volume to outside 25 from exhaust port 26 to the outside and a return air volume to the return air path from exhaust port 22, and each air volume is determined and distributed in a similar manner to the normal state of rooms A5 and B6, which are multiple rooms. Since the return air in the return air passage where the exhaust ports 19, 22 join is sucked in by the blower unit 13, it becomes negative pressure relative to the outside air 25, so even if an outside air introduction fan 30 is not provided in the outside air introduction passage connecting the outside air 25 and the return air passage as in this embodiment, an opening / closing mechanism (not shown) can be provided instead and the amount of outside air introduced can be adjusted by adjusting the opening / closing mechanism. For example, the amount of outside air introduced can be adjusted by adjusting the opening / closing degree of the window leading to the outside or by adjusting the opening / closing damper provided in the opening leading to the outside, but compared to adjustment by an outside air introduction fan, the adjustment range is smaller and it is difficult to adjust with precision. The return air, which is the air after air conditioning, is reconditioned in the air conditioning section 10 and supplied to each room and each space, so the heat and air quality of the return air, which is the air after air conditioning, are reused, resulting in energy savings.

[0025] When a person infected with a virus is recuperating in the treatment room 7, or when a person smokes in a smoking room (not shown), the level of harmful substances detected by the harmful substance detection means 36 in the treatment room 7, etc. becomes higher than the level of harmful substances in the outdoor air detected by the harmful substance detection means 33, and the control unit 60 determines that the negative pressure mode is being entered, and closes the opening / closing plate 41 of the opening / closing mechanism 21 provided at the exhaust port 22 of the highly airtight door 20 to 0 degrees to completely close the exhaust port 22, opens the opening / closing plate 47 of the opening / closing mechanism 27 for the exhaust port 26 to the outside by 90 degrees to completely open the exhaust port 26 to the outside, and operates the ventilator fan 28 at a high air volume, thereby reducing the amount of harmful substances in the treatment room 7, etc. In this case, the exhaust air volume of the exhaust port 26 to the outside becomes larger than the blowing volume of the mixed air, and negative pressure is created relative to the outside 25. The conditioned air is exhausted from the exhaust port 26 to the outside of the treatment room 7 by the ventilation fan 28 to the outside 25, and harmful substances (odor, bacteria, etc.) in the treatment room 7 are discharged to the outside 25. Furthermore, air from other rooms and spaces is sucked in through tiny gaps in the door, window, wall, etc. of the treatment room 7 and exhausted to the outside 25, but the airtight door 20 and the opening and closing mechanism 21 of the airtight exhaust port 22 do not allow harmful substances to flow into the return air passages such as the corridor (not shown), staircase hall (not shown), and entrance (not shown). In other words, harmful substances are quickly discharged to the outside 25, and the risk of diffusion to other rooms and other spaces is greatly reduced.

[0026] If the level of harmful substances detected by harmful substance detection means 36 in the treatment room 7, etc., after a certain period of time has elapsed, and the level of harmful substances has decreased from the initial state and fallen below a certain threshold value but is still higher than the level of harmful substances in the outdoor air, the control unit 60 determines that the mode is balanced and reduces the volume of exhaust air from exhaust port 26 to the outside by ventilation fan 28 until it becomes equal to the volume of mixed air being blown. This reduces the risk of harmful substances being discharged and spreading to other rooms or spaces, while also appropriately reducing the volume of exhaust air and heat to the outside, so that the air conditioning load is reduced compared to negative pressure mode, resulting in energy savings. In addition, in the negative pressure mode or balanced mode, when the ventilation fan 28 is not present or is not operating due to a malfunction, etc., the supply of mixed air creates positive pressure in the room, and the exhaust port 26 to the outside is fully open, so that, similar to the balanced mode, the exhaust air volume of the exhaust port 26 to the outside and the blowing volume of the mixed air are equal, and harmful substances within the room can be exhausted. With regard to the leakage of harmful substances into the corridor (not shown), staircase hall (not shown), entrance hall (not shown), etc., which are under negative pressure, the risk is reduced because the airtight door 20 and the opening / closing mechanism 21 of the airtight exhaust port 22 are fully closed.

[0027] In the positive pressure mode, the control unit 60 adjusts the angle of the opening / closing plate 47 of the opening / closing mechanism 27 of the exhaust port 26 to the outside of the multiple rooms, such as room A5 and room B6, and the treatment room 7, which is a room other than the multiple rooms, to control the exhaust air volume from the exhaust port 26 to the outside and the return air volume from the exhaust ports 19 and 22. In other words, the control unit 60 controls the exhaust air volume and the return air volume by adjusting the angle of the opening / closing plate 47 of the opening / closing mechanism 27 of each room, the amount of outdoor air introduced by the fan 30, and the blower unit 13 to correspond to the air conditioning load of each room and to achieve a comfortable temperature while saving energy. In spaces other than the multiple rooms, such as the attic (not shown), the blowing of the mixed air creates a positive pressure relative to the outside 25, but since there is no exhaust vent to the outside, the return air, which is all the conditioned air, passes through return air paths such as the corridor (not shown), staircase hall (not shown), and entrance hall (not shown) from the exhaust vent 19, and then returns to the air-conditioned section 10 from the return air vent 14. The volume of air sent by each blower 13 is determined based on the volume of each room or space. The volume of air sent required for air conditioning is at least 8 m3 per 2.5 m3 of room. 3 / h or more, ideally 20m 3 / h or more is desirable, and the amount of airflow is adjusted according to the air-conditioning load, such as the size of the room and solar radiation. Since blower 13 rotates a sirocco fan (not shown) with a highly efficient DC motor (not shown), the rotation speed of the sirocco fan (not shown) is controlled by control unit 60 according to the air-conditioning load, etc.

[0028] The capacity and number of air conditioning units 15 are selected according to the air conditioning load of the building. In the air-conditioned section 10, the fresh outdoor air introduced by the outside air intake fan 30, the conditioned air conditioned by the air conditioning unit 15, and the return air from each room and space are reliably mixed, and the air volume of the air conditioning unit 15 is desirably set to 50% or less of the total air volume of the multiple air blowing units 13 so that the mixed air has a uniform temperature with little temperature difference between each room and space, in other words, a temperature difference between the target temperatures of each room and space of within 5 K when cooling and within 10 K when heating. The mixed air is passed through a plurality of ducts 17 by a plurality of blowing parts 13 and blown from intake parts 16 provided on the ceiling or wall of each room or space, thereby conditioning each room or space to a uniform comfortable temperature. For example, if the floor area of ​​a building is approximately 100 m 2 When the ceiling height is 2.5 m, an air conditioning unit 15 with a cooling capacity equivalent to 4 kW is installed, and the air conditioning volume during cooling operation in weak wind mode is 700 m 3 The blower unit 13 that blows air to each room and space has a blowing capacity of 100 m3 per unit at low airflow. 3 / h, medium wind speed 150m 3 / h, and strong winds of 200m 3 / h, the total volume of air blown by 15 blowers 13 is 1500 m 3 / h~3000m 3 / h, which is larger than the conditioned air volume of the air conditioner 15, and an air volume of 23 to 47% of the total air volume is set as the conditioned air volume of the air conditioning unit 15 (weak wind mode). In addition, the conditioned air volume is the volume of air passing through the heat exchanger (not shown) of the air conditioning unit 15. In order to avoid pressure loss due to passing through the heat exchanger so that a large volume of mixed conditioned air can be blown out to each room, in the case of the air conditioning unit 15 having an air duct that bypasses the heat exchanger, the air volume of the bypass air duct is excluded from the conditioned air volume.

[0029] The amount of outdoor air introduced by the outdoor air intake fan 30, the total amount of exhaust air from the exhaust ports 26 to the outside, that is, the ventilation air volume, is about 100 m2 in a normal positive pressure mode. 2 With a ceiling height of 2.5m and a ventilation rate of 0.5 times / h, the 24-hour ventilation volume is 125m 3When harmful substances are generated or flow into the room, the exhaust air volume of the ventilation fan 28 in the room is set to 150 m3 in negative pressure mode. 3 / h, the amount of outdoor air introduced will increase by 300 m 3 / h or more to maintain the supply and exhaust balance of the entire building. In balance mode, the air volume is increased to 150 m 3 / h~250m 3 / h. The greater the amount of outside air introduced by the outside air intake fan 30 into the air-conditioned section 10, the greater the ventilation effect, such as the supply of fresh air, but since this increases the air-conditioning load accordingly, it is basically made less than the total airflow of the blower section 13, and normally a minimum ventilation airflow is secured for 24 hours. In the event that harmful substances are generated or flow in, it is desirable to increase the amount by the increase in the exhaust airflow from the exhaust port 26 outside the room. It is desirable to exhaust the airflow of each room or space according to its volume and the number of people in the room. In normal positive pressure mode, the exhaust airflow is 10 to 30 m 3 / h, and the angle of the opening and closing plate 47 is adjusted by the control unit 60 so that the exhaust air volume from the exhaust vent 26 to the outdoors is at that level. If this is kept appropriate for the ventilation air volume throughout the building, normal moisture, carbon dioxide, odors, VOCs, and other substances can be discharged, achieving energy-saving, healthy, and comfortable air conditioning.

[0030] If harmful substances are generated and flow into the treatment room 7, the exhaust air volume of the treatment room 7 is 150 to 200 m in negative pressure mode. 3 / h, and the exhaust air volume of other rooms and spaces is maintained at the same air volume as in positive pressure mode, it is possible to quickly exhaust harmful substances from treatment room 7 to the outside while still allowing the building as a whole to exhaust a minimum amount of moisture, carbon dioxide, and other substances. In this case, the exhaust air volume of treatment room 7 increases and the heat of the conditioned air is also exhausted, so it is desirable to simultaneously increase the air volume of blower 13 of treatment room 7 accordingly, lower the set temperature of air conditioner 15 if cooling, or raise it if heating. In the balanced mode, the exhaust air volume of the treatment room 7 is 30 to 150 m 3 / h, and the total exhaust air volume for other rooms and spaces should be maintained at the same air volume as in positive pressure mode. Because the heat of the conditioned air is also exhausted, it is desirable to control the air volume and set temperature in the same way as in negative pressure mode. In order to achieve the above air volume, the control unit 60 controls the air volume of each of the multiple blowing units 13, the set temperature and air volume of the air conditioning unit 15, the angle of the opening and closing plates 41, 47 of the opening and closing mechanisms 21, 27, the exhaust air volume of the ventilation fan 28, the amount of outside air introduced by the outside air introduction fan 30, etc.

[0031] In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit 15 is a so-called air conditioning indoor unit in which a heat exchanger (not shown) and an air conditioning blower (not shown) are housed in an integrated housing, the blower unit 13 is a so-called blower, and the air conditioning section 10 is a relatively compact room of about 1 tsubo surrounded by insulated walls on all sides, such as an air conditioning room, but the air conditioning section 10 may be a housing surrounded by sheet metal or the like, and only a heat exchanger may be provided as the air conditioning unit 15 in the housing, and multiple blowers may be provided as the blower unit 13, and the multiple blowers may pass outdoor air and return air through the heat exchanger to produce conditioned air, and the outdoor air and return air that do not pass through the heat exchanger may be mixed with the conditioned air in the housing, and the mixed air may be sent to each room or space. Even in this case, it is preferable that the air conditioning unit 15, the multiple blowers 13, and the sterilization / deodorization device 40 are large enough for people to enter and exit and perform maintenance and work. In this embodiment, air is blown from the blower 13 to each room or space on a one-to-one basis through multiple ducts 17. For example, in a large living / dining / kitchen room on the first floor, the amount of air blown from several ducts may be collectively blown through a blower chamber partitioned by building materials. Also, instead of blowing air directly to each room or space, air may be blown indirectly to each room or space via the ceiling space, underfloor space, or between floors. In addition, a large room or space may have multiple intake units 16 to improve the temperature distribution within the room. However, in order to avoid the risk of harmful substances spreading to other rooms or spaces, the ducts 17 to rooms other than the multiple rooms, such as the treatment room 7 and smoking room (not shown), must be connected to the blower 13 on a one-to-one basis. Even if multiple intake units 16 are connected to the ducts 17, they must be installed in the same room or space, not across other rooms or spaces. Even in this case, since not all of the blower units 13 and ducts 17 are in a one-to-one relationship, the amount of air sent from the intake unit 16 at the end of the duct 17 cannot be individually controlled, making it difficult to respond to the air conditioning load of each room or space in which the intake unit 16 is installed.

[0032] In addition, since the air-conditioned section 10 is equipped with the sterilization and deodorization device 40, harmful substances contained in the outside air are not only sterilized and deodorized, but even if harmful substances are generated and flow into the treatment room 7, etc., and are not discharged by the ventilation fan 28, but flow out through the airtight door 20 into the corridor (not shown), staircase hall (not shown), entrance hall (not shown), etc., and then flow through the return air duct and into the air-conditioned section 10 through the return air vent 14, the harmful substances will be sterilized and deodorized, preventing them from spreading to other rooms or other spaces through the air being blown in. In addition, the sterilization / deodorization device 40 does not necessarily have to have both sterilization and deodorization functions, and if only high-risk harmful substances are to be removed and odor removal is not required, only a sterilization device that is very effective in removing the targeted harmful substances may be provided. For example, the following method is effective in preventing infectious diseases caused by new viruses, which have become more frequent in recent years. In other words, according to the guidelines of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC (2003)), the ventilation standards for medical facilities (negative pressure facilities) where infectious disease patients are isolated are as follows: A) The ventilation rate is more than 12 times per hour (new buildings) and more than 6 times per hour (existing buildings). B) Exhaust air should be vented outdoors or circulated through a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter. (Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare website, Reference material, Regarding ventilation to improve "poorly ventilated enclosed spaces" in commercial facilities, etc., P1-P2, March 30, 2020) It is shown that installing a HEPA filter in the air circulation path is effective as an infection prevention measure in infectious disease wards. As an example of this embodiment, a building with a floor area of ​​about 100 m 2 If the ceiling height is 2.5m, the total air volume to be sent to each room or space must be 1500m3 in order to keep each room or space at a uniform temperature and to provide energy-saving ventilation and air conditioning. 3 / h, the circulation rate will be 6 times / h, and the total volume of air will be 3000m 3 / h, the circulation frequency will be 12 times / h, so if the sterilization / deodorization device 40 is a HEPA filter, the CDC standard will be satisfied. Generally, HEPA filters have a large ventilation resistance, and if such a large volume of air is passed through them, the performance (PQ, etc.) of the blower must be significantly improved, and noise levels will also increase. However, in this embodiment, multiple blower units 13, for example 15 blower units 13, are used to blow air and circulate it inside the building, so the performance improvement of each blower unit 13 is mitigated. In addition, the volume of air blown per unit can be easily increased by increasing the rotation speed of the DC motor of each blower unit 13, and the increase in power consumption is smaller than that of an AC motor, so the total volume of air blown can be increased and the air inside the building can be sterilized rationally and with high energy efficiency. Furthermore, if the size of the return air vent 14 of the air-conditioned section 10 is set so that the air speed passing through the HEPA filter is 1 m / s or less, the increase in noise can be suppressed, but it is relatively easy to make the air-conditioned section 10 larger if there is sufficient space inside the building. Furthermore, since sterilization and deodorization equipment 40, regardless of the type, usually requires periodic maintenance, if the equipment is installed in a relatively large air-conditioned area 10 where people can enter and exit for maintenance, maintenance will be easier, and since the cross-sectional area of ​​the air-conditioned area 10 is larger than that of duct 17, etc., and the air flow rate through it is slow, the purification efficiency of the sterilization and deodorization equipment 40 will be improved.

[0033] As described above, an exhaust port 22 having an airtight door 20 and an opening / closing mechanism 21 is provided in rooms other than the multiple rooms, for example, a treatment room 7 and a smoking room (not shown) where harmful substances and odors are likely to be generated and flow in. Normally, in the positive pressure mode, return air, which is air conditioned for each room and space, flows into the air-conditioned section 10 from exhaust ports 19 for the room A5, which is one of the multiple rooms, and the attic (not shown), which is a space other than the multiple rooms, and exhaust ports 22 for the treatment room 7, which is another room other than the multiple rooms, and is conditioned by the air conditioning section 15 together with outdoor air introduced by the outdoor air intake fan 30, becoming a mixture of outdoor air, conditioned air, and return air, which is sterilized and deodorized by the sterilization / deodorization device 40, and is blown from the intake section 16 of each room and space through the duct 17 directly by the multiple blower sections 13. Each room is put under positive pressure relative to the outside, and is replaced by the mixed air. While being discharged to the outside from the exhaust port 26 to the outside, a part of the conditioned air returns to the air-conditioned section 10 from the exhaust ports 19, 22 as return air. If harmful substances flow in or are generated in a room other than the multiple rooms, the exhaust fan 28 is used in negative pressure mode or balance mode to quickly exhaust the air to the outside 25, reducing the risk of harmful substances or odors spreading to other rooms. In the multiple rooms, air conditioning can be performed according to the load of the room by adjusting the amount of air sent from the intake section 16 by the blower 13, the amount of return air from the exhaust port 19, and the amount of exhaust air from the exhaust port 26 to the outside. In addition, the heat and air quality of some of the conditioned air are used again for air conditioning as return air, so that more energy-saving and highly efficient air conditioning and ventilation can be realized. In the air-conditioned section 10, the outdoor air, the air conditioned by the air conditioning section 15, and the return air are mixed well by the total airflow volume, which is greater than the airflow volume of the air conditioning section 15 by the multiple blowing sections 13 and the outdoor air intake volume of the outdoor air intake fan 30, and the outdoor air, sterilized and deodorized by the sterilization and deodorization device 40, and fresh air with a temperature difference between the outdoor temperature and the average room temperature is blown to each room at a large volume, so that each room has a uniform temperature, is comfortable, and a healthy space with clean air can be realized. Furthermore, by driving the compressor of the outdoor air conditioner, etc., the running cost and air conditioning load per unit air volume are significantly lower than the air conditioning air volume, which has a high running cost per unit air volume, and the outdoor air intake volume, which has a high air conditioning load per unit air volume, and the system circulates good quality mixed air inside the building by increasing the small total airflow volume, which is energy-saving.

[0034] (Embodiment 2) Figure 4 is a configuration diagram of a ventilation air-conditioning system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The ventilation air-conditioning system 100 shown in Figure 4 has the same basic configuration as the ventilation air-conditioning system 1 according to the first embodiment, and for the sake of simplicity, the same components are given the same numbers, their explanations, provisos, and notes are omitted, and some components are omitted. As in Figure 1, the arrows indicate the direction of air flow.

[0035] Air-conditioned sections 10 are provided in non-habitable rooms such as the attic (not shown), under the floor (not shown), under the stairs (not shown), on a staircase landing (not shown), and in a machine room (not shown). Within the air-conditioned section 10, there are provided an outside air inlet 11 for introducing outside air, a blower section 13 having a plurality of intake ports 12, a return air outlet 14 for introducing return air from a plurality of rooms such as room A5 and room B6, a space other than the plurality of rooms (not shown), and a room other than the plurality of rooms such as the treatment room 7 through a return air passage such as a corridor (not shown) or a staircase hall (not shown), and an air-conditioning section 15 connected to an air-conditioning outdoor unit 117 installed outside the room by refrigerant piping and electrical wiring.

[0036] The multiple air blowing sections 13 and the multiple rooms, such as room A5, room B6, living room (not shown), bedroom (not shown), toilet (not shown), washroom (not shown), bathroom (not shown), kitchen (not shown), etc., spaces other than the multiple rooms, such as the attic (not shown), under the floor (not shown), storeroom (not shown), etc., and the multiple air intake sections 16 provided on the ceilings, walls, etc. of the rooms other than the multiple rooms, such as the treatment room 7 and smoking room (not shown), are connected one-to-one by multiple ducts 17 or air blowing chambers (not shown). Exhaust ports (not shown), such as undercuts in doors (not shown) in spaces other than the multiple rooms, and exhaust ports 22 having opening / closing mechanisms 21 for highly airtight doors 20 provided in rooms A5 and B6, which are multiple rooms, and treatment room 7, which is a room other than the multiple rooms, join together in non-residential rooms such as a corridor (not shown), a staircase hall (not shown), and a hallway (not shown), and connect through a return air path to return air port 14 provided in air-conditioned section 10. In the multiple rooms, such as room A5 and room B6, and in the treatment room 7 which is a room other than the multiple rooms, an exhaust port 26 leading to the outside of the room and connected to the outside 25 is provided, and each has an opening / closing mechanism 27. Note that the opening / closing mechanisms 21 and 27 are at least capable of performing the operation of completely closing and completely opening, and it is preferable that the opening / closing amount can be adjusted in several steps or continuously, since this allows for fine adjustment of the exhaust air volume. It should be noted that no exhaust vent 26 to the outside is provided in spaces other than the multiple rooms, such as the attic (not shown), under the floor (not shown), or storeroom (not shown). In addition, a room other than the plurality of rooms, such as the treatment room 7, is provided with a ventilation fan 28 that exhausts air to the outside through an exhaust port 26 to the outside.

[0037] An air intake port 115 provided on an exterior wall 114 for introducing outdoor air into the building is connected to the filter box 120 and the heat exchange unit 130 by a duct 31, and is connected to the outdoor air inlet 11 of the air-conditioned section 10 by a duct 32. The air path from the air intake port 115 to the outdoor air inlet 11 is defined as the outdoor air introduction path. The filter box 120 has a HEPA filter 34 for purifying the outdoor air, and a means 33 for detecting harmful substances in the outdoor air. In this embodiment, the heat exchanger unit 130 is connected to the outside 25 by a duct 31 and to the air-conditioning section 10 by a duct 32, but ultimately, outdoor air that has exchanged heat with a part of the return air is introduced into the air-conditioning section 10, and mixed air of the conditioned air and the return air is blown to each room and each space. For example, an outside air inlet 11 may be provided in a return air passage such as a corridor (not shown), a staircase hall (not shown), or an entrance (not shown) on the upstream side of the return air port 14 of the air-conditioning section 10 and downstream of the duct 110 connected to the exhaust side of the heat exchanger unit 130, and connected to the supply side of the heat exchanger unit 130 by a duct or the like. The heat exchange ventilation unit 130 has a total heat exchange element 131, an intake fan (not shown), an intake motor (not shown), an exhaust fan (not shown), an exhaust motor (not shown), and a bypass damper. Outdoor air is supplied by the intake fan and the intake motor, and part of the return air in the building is exhausted by the exhaust fan and the exhaust motor, while total heat exchange is performed by the total heat exchange element 131, and the fresh outdoor air from which heat has been recovered is introduced into the air-conditioned section 10 through the duct 32. The rotation speeds of the intake motor and the exhaust motor are controlled separately, and the amount of outdoor air introduced and the amount of exhaust air can be adjusted respectively. In addition, the bypass damper is electrically operated by a motor, and can be switched between a bypass mode in which the exhaust air to the outside is bypassed without passing through the total heat exchange element 131, and a heat exchange ventilation mode in which the exhaust air is passed through the total heat exchange element 131.

[0038] The return air ducts from each room and space connected to the corridor (not shown), staircase hall (not shown), and entrance (not shown) and return air vents 14 provided in the air-conditioned section 10 are connected to the heat exchange unit 130 by ducts 110, and are connected to exhaust vents 116 provided in the exterior wall 114 by ducts 111. The air path from the return air duct through duct 110 to exhaust vents 116 is defined as the indoor air exhaust path. In other words, the heat exchange unit 130 is provided in the outdoor air introduction path and indoor air exhaust path connected to the return air duct. The exhaust port 116 is provided on the suction side of a heat exchanger (not shown) of the air conditioning outdoor unit 117, and a partition wall 118 is provided between the air conditioning outdoor unit 117 and the exterior wall 114 so that the exhaust air from the exhaust port 116 is sucked into the heat exchanger (not shown) without leakage. In addition, harmful substance detection means 36 for the air in each room are provided upstream of the exhaust vent 26 and ventilation fan 28 leading to the outside of the plurality of rooms such as room A5 and room B6 and the treatment room 7 which is a room other than the plurality of rooms.

[0039] The input and output means of the multiple air blowing sections 13, air conditioning sections 15, opening and closing mechanisms 21, 27, ventilation fans 28, heat exchange units 130, harmful substance detection means 33, 36, sterilization and deodorization device 40, etc. are each electrically connected to the control section 160 by multiple signal lines 161, and communicate with each other to properly control the ventilation and air conditioning system 100. In the above configuration, when operation of the ventilation and air conditioning system 100 is started by a controller (not shown) connected to the control unit 160, outdoor air is introduced through the air intake 115 and duct 31 by the heat exchange unit 130, enters the filter box 120, the presence / concentration / amount of harmful substances (odour, bacteria, etc.) in the outdoor air is detected by the harmful substance detection means 33, the air is purified by the HEPA filter 34, passes through the duct, and in the heat exchange unit 130, the outdoor air and a portion of the return air from the building are subjected to total heat exchange with the total heat exchange element 131, and the fresh outdoor air with the heat recovered enters the air-conditioned section 10 from the outdoor air inlet 11 via the duct 32. A portion of the return air from each room and space enters the air-conditioning section 10 through the return air port 14, a portion of the outdoor air and the return air are conditioned by the air-conditioning section 15, the conditioned air, the outdoor air, and a portion of the return air are further mixed in the air-conditioning section 10, the mixed air is sterilized and deodorized by the sterilization and deodorization device 40, and is blown through the multiple ducts 17 by the multiple air-blowing sections 13. The mixed air is then blown out from the multiple air intake sections 16 provided on the ceilings, walls, etc. of the multiple rooms, such as room A5, room B6, living room (not shown), bedroom (not shown), toilet (not shown), washroom (not shown), bathroom (not shown), kitchen (not shown), etc., the attic (not shown), under the floor (not shown), storeroom (not shown), etc., which are spaces other than the multiple rooms, and the treatment room 7, smoking room (not shown), etc., which are rooms other than the multiple rooms, to air-condition each room and each space.

[0040] In the multiple rooms, such as room A5 and room B6, and the treatment room 7, which is a room other than the multiple rooms, in a normal state, the level of harmful substances detected by the harmful substance detection means 36 in each room is lower than the level of harmful substances in the outdoor air detected by the harmful substance detection means 33, so the control unit 160 determines that the positive pressure mode is in effect. The opening and closing plate 41 of the opening and closing mechanism 21 provided at the exhaust port 22 of the airtight door 20 is opened 90 degrees to completely open the exhaust port 22, the ventilation fan 28 is stopped, the opening and closing plate 47 of the opening and closing mechanism 27 of the exhaust port 26 to the outside is closed at 0 degrees to completely close the exhaust port 26 to the outside, and the mixed air is blown into each room, so that each room becomes positive pressure, and the conditioned air flows from the exhaust port 22 through the corridor (not shown), staircase hall (not shown), entrance (not shown), etc. into the return air passage connected to the return air port 14. A portion of the return air returns to the air-conditioned section 10 through the return air vent 14, is reconditioned, and is supplied to each room and space, so that the heat and air quality of the conditioned air are reused, resulting in energy savings. A portion of the remaining return air passes through duct 110 and undergoes total heat exchange with the outdoor air in heat exchanger element 131 in heat exchange unit 130, passes through duct 111 and is exhausted to the outside 25 from exhaust port 116 provided in exterior wall 114. Since the heat of the conditioned air is recovered and fresh outdoor air is introduced into the building while the conditioned air is exhausted to the outside 25, further energy saving and a healthy and comfortable space can be always realized.

[0041] If a person infected with a virus is recuperating in treatment room 7, or if someone smokes in a smoking room (not shown), the level of harmful substances detected by harmful substance detection means 36 will be higher than the level of harmful substances in the outdoor air detected by harmful substance detection means 33, and control unit 160 will determine that the mode is negative pressure mode. By closing opening plate 41 of opening / closing mechanism 21 provided at exhaust port 22 of highly airtight door 20 of treatment room 7 to 0 degrees to completely close exhaust port 22, opening opening plate 47 of opening / closing mechanism 27 of exhaust port 26 to the outside to 90 degrees, completely opening exhaust port 26 to the outside, and operating ventilator fan 28 at a large air volume, the exhaust air volume from exhaust port 26 to the outside to the outside is greater than the volume of mixed air sent to treatment room 7, creating a negative pressure relative to outside 25, and the conditioned air is blown into the treatment room 7 from the outside to the outside. All the supplied air is exhausted from exhaust port 26 by ventilation fan 28 to outside 25, and harmful substances (odor, bacteria, etc.) in treatment room 7 are discharged to outside 25. Furthermore, air from other rooms and spaces is sucked in through tiny gaps in the door, window, wall, etc. of treatment room 7 and exhausted to outside 25, but due to airtight door 20 and airtight opening and closing mechanism 21 of exhaust port 22, harmful substances do not flow out into the corridor (not shown), staircase hall (not shown), entrance hall (not shown), etc. In other words, harmful substances are quickly exhausted to outside 25, and the risk of diffusion to other rooms and other spaces is greatly reduced. In the other rooms, since no harmful substances are generated or flowing in, the level of harmful substances detected by the harmful substance detection means 36 is lower than the level of harmful substances in the outdoor air detected by the harmful substance detection means 33, and the control unit 160 determines that the positive pressure mode is being operated.

[0042] In addition, when the outdoor air temperature is close to the target indoor temperature, such as during the intermediate periods of spring and autumn or at night in summer, the air conditioning unit 15 is stopped, the heat exchange unit 130 is set to bypass mode, the rotation speed of the air supply motor is adjusted to the high air volume side, and the outdoor air is introduced into the air-conditioned section without heat exchange with the exhausted return air in the total heat exchanger element 131, and the air is blown out from the air intake section 16 of each room by the blower unit 13, the opening and closing plate 41 of the opening and closing mechanism 21 of the exhaust port 22 of each room is closed, the angle of the opening and closing plate 47 of the opening and closing mechanism 27 of the exhaust port 26 to the outside is adjusted to be open, and the air volume of the exhaust fan 28 is adjusted to the high air volume side, thereby air-conditioning and ventilating each room with outdoor air, thereby achieving more energy-saving and efficient ventilation and air-conditioning. In the event that a particular odor occurs in a room without a ventilation fan 28 such as room A5, the level of harmful substances detected by the harmful substance detection means 36 becomes slightly higher than the level of harmful substances in the outdoor air detected by the harmful substance detection means 33. The control unit 160 determines that the balance mode is in effect, closes the opening / closing plate 41 of the opening / closing mechanism 21 provided at the exhaust port 22 of the airtight door 20 of room A5 to 0 degrees to completely close the exhaust port 22, and opens the opening / closing plate 47 of the opening / closing mechanism 27 of the exhaust port 26 to the outside by 90 degrees to completely open the exhaust port 26 to the outside, thereby pushing out the harmful substances and discharging them to the outside 25 by blowing the mixed air, making the exhaust air volume of the exhaust port 26 to the outside almost equal to the blowing air volume of the mixed air. As for the outflow of harmful substances into the corridor (not shown), staircase hall (not shown), entrance hall (not shown), etc., which are under negative pressure, the airtight door 20 and the opening / closing mechanism 21 of the airtight exhaust port 22 are completely closed, thereby reducing the risk of harmful substances leaking out. In addition, the amount of exhaust air and heat to the outdoors is appropriately reduced, so the air conditioning load is reduced more than in negative pressure mode, resulting in energy savings.

[0043] Also, the exhaust air having the total heat not recovered by the heat exchange unit 130 from the exhaust port 116 and the outdoor air join together, and are sucked into the heat exchanger (not shown) of the air conditioner outdoor unit 117 by the partition wall 118. That is, in summer, even if the cooled indoor air (part of the return air, exhaust air) and the outdoor air exchange heat in the heat exchange unit 130, usually only about 50% to 70% of the total heat can be exchanged. Therefore, exhaust air with less total heat (lower temperature and humidity) than the outdoor air is exhausted from the exhaust port 116, and this air and the outdoor air join together to become air with less total heat than the outdoor air, which is passed through the heat exchanger (not shown) that is a condenser, and is subjected to total heat exchange with the refrigerant. Also, in winter, even if the heated indoor air (part of the return air, exhaust air) and the outdoor air exchange heat in the heat exchange unit 130, usually only about 60% to 80% of the total heat can be exchanged. Therefore, exhaust air with more total heat (higher temperature and humidity) than the outdoor air is discharged from the exhaust port 116, and this air merges with the outdoor air to become air with more total heat than the outdoor air. The air is then passed through a heat exchanger (not shown) which serves as an evaporator, and the total heat is exchanged with the refrigerant. In this way, by providing an exhaust port 116, which discharges the exhaust air discharged from the heat exchange unit 130 to the outside 25, on the suction side of the heat exchanger (not shown) of the air conditioning outdoor unit 117, it is possible to further recover heat that was not fully recovered by the heat exchange unit 130, thereby achieving more energy-efficient ventilation and air conditioning.

[0044] The amount of outdoor air introduced by the heat exchange unit 130 and the amount of air exhausted to the outside are basically the same. In normal positive pressure mode, the floor area is approximately 100 m 2 With a ceiling height of 2.5m and a ventilation rate of 0.5 times / h, the 24-hour ventilation volume is 125m 3 When harmful substances are generated and flow into the building, in negative pressure mode, the exhaust fan 28 in the room where the substances are generated will exhaust a large amount of air, with an exhaust volume of 150 m3 for the entire building. 3 / h, the amount of outdoor air introduced into the heat exchange unit 130 will also increase by 300 m 3 / h, the exhaust volume to the outside is 125 m 3 / h to maintain the supply and exhaust balance of the entire building. In balance mode, the outdoor air intake volume is 150 m 3 / h~250m 3 / h. The individual airflow rates and the total airflow rate of each blower 13, the capacity and conditioned airflow rate of air conditioning unit 15, and the exhaust airflow rates of each of the multiple rooms and spaces are determined in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

[0045] In order to achieve the above air volume, the control unit 160 controls the air volume of each of the multiple blowing units 13, the set temperature and air volume of the air conditioning unit 15, the angle of the opening and closing plates 41, 47 of the opening and closing mechanisms 21, 27, the exhaust air volume of the ventilation fan 28, the amount of outside air introduced by the heat exchange unit 130, etc. In addition, in the present embodiment, the total heat exchange element 131 is preferably constructed and made of a material that allows moisture in the exhaust air discharged to the outside 25 to move appropriately to the outdoor air introduced into the building, but that does not allow odors to move easily, for example, it preferably contains an adsorbent material such as activated carbon. Furthermore, when used in an environment with a lot of condensation or odor, a sensible heat exchange element may be used instead of the total heat exchange element 131, although the heat exchange efficiency is poor and drainage work is required.

[0046] As described above, regardless of the room, the positive pressure mode is normally set, the opening / closing mechanism 21 of the exhaust ports 22 of the multiple rooms is opened, and the opening / closing mechanism 27 of the exhaust port 26 to the outside is closed, and part of the return air, which is the air after air conditioning, flows into the air-conditioned section 10, and part of the return air is heat-exchanged with the outdoor air by the heat exchange unit 130 and discharged to the outside. Both the outdoor air and part of the return air that have been heat-exchanged are air-conditioned by the air conditioning section 15, and the mixed air of the outdoor air, the conditioned air, and the return air is blown from the intake section 16 of the multiple rooms through the direct duct 17 by the multiple blowing sections 13, and air conditioning corresponding to the load of the room can be performed by adjusting the blowing volume by the blowing section 13, the return air volume passing through the exhaust port 22, and the exhaust air volume and the outdoor air introduction volume by the heat exchange unit 130, and more exhaust heat is recovered, and the heat and air quality of part of the conditioned air are used again for air conditioning as return air, so that more energy-saving and highly efficient ventilation air conditioning can be realized. When harmful substances flow into or are generated in a certain room, the ventilation fan 28 of that room is operated in negative pressure mode or balance mode, or the opening and closing mechanism 27 of the exhaust port 26 is opened to quickly exhaust the harmful substances to the outside 25, and the opening and closing mechanism 21 of the exhaust port 22 of the airtight door 20 is closed to reduce the risk of the harmful substances and odors spreading to other rooms. In other rooms, air conditioning according to the load of the room can be performed by adjusting the air volume from the intake section 16 by the blower section 13, the return air volume from the exhaust port 22, and the exhaust air volume and outdoor air introduction volume by the heat exchange unit 130, and heat recovery from the exhaust air by the heat exchange unit 130 and the air conditioning outdoor unit 117, and the heat and air quality of some of the air after air conditioning are used again for air conditioning as return air, so that even more energy-saving and highly efficient air conditioning and ventilation can be realized. In the air-conditioned section 10, the total airflow is greater than the conditioned airflow of the air-conditioning section 15 by the multiple blowing sections 13 and the outdoor air intake volume of the heat exchange unit 130, so that the outdoor air, the air conditioned by the air-conditioning section 15, and the return air are well mixed, and then sterilized and deodorized by the sterilization and deodorization device 40. Fresh air at a temperature with a small difference between the outdoor temperature and the average room temperature is then blown into each room at a large volume, creating a comfortable, clean, and healthy space with a uniform temperature in each room. Furthermore, by driving the compressor of the air conditioning outdoor unit 117, the running cost and air conditioning load per unit air volume are significantly lower than with an air conditioning air volume, which has a high running cost per unit air volume, and an outdoor air intake volume, which has a high air conditioning load per unit air volume, and the system increases the small total air flow volume to circulate good quality mixed air within the building, making it an energy-efficient system. In addition, the ventilation fan 28 installed at the exhaust port 26 to the outside of the room can be used for ventilation and air conditioning that can more quickly and reliably discharge harmful substances, by stopping the operation of the ventilation fan 28 installed at the exhaust port 26 to the outside of the room in normal cases, and discharging a large amount of air with the ventilation fan 28 in the room when harmful substances flow in or are generated. In the intermediate periods of spring and autumn and at night in summer, the opening and closing mechanism 21 of the exhaust port 22 of the room is closed, and the opening and closing mechanism 27 of the exhaust port 26 to the outside of the room is opened to adjust the air volume of the ventilation fan 28, and the outdoor air is introduced into the air-conditioned section 10 without heat exchange in the heat exchange unit 130, and is supplied from the intake section 16 of each room by the blower section 13, thereby performing air conditioning and ventilation with the outdoor air, thereby realizing more energy-saving and highly efficient ventilation and air conditioning. Furthermore, harmful substance detection means 33, 36 are provided in multiple rooms and the filter box 120, and the air conditioning section 15, the blower section 13, the heat exchange unit 130, the ventilation fan 28, the opening / closing mechanism 21 for the exhaust port 22, the opening / closing mechanism 27 for the exhaust port 26 to the outside, etc. are controlled by the control section 160. This makes it possible to realize ventilation and air conditioning that automatically controls so that the positive pressure mode is normally used for energy-saving and comfortable operation with priority given to air conditioning, and just after harmful substances or odors are generated or when harmful substances have spread or the odor has become strong, the negative pressure mode is used for healthy operation with priority given to ventilation and large volume of exhaust air, and in other cases, the balanced mode is used for healthy and comfortable operation with a balance between ventilation and air conditioning. In addition, since the sterilization and deodorization device 40 is provided in the air-conditioning section 10, even if harmful substances are generated or flow into anywhere in the building, the air that is not exhausted outside by the ventilation fan 28 or heat exchange unit 130 is circulated within the building at a large volume as return air, and the harmful substances are sterilized and deodorized in the air-conditioning section 10 by the sterilization and deodorization device 40, so that all harmful substances within the building can be exhausted outside or sterilized and deodorized. [Industrial Applicability]

[0047] This is a system that can create highly efficient ventilation and air-conditioning air flow throughout a building, and can be applied to ventilation and air-conditioning of buildings with many rooms, such as ordinary homes, as well as hotels, offices, commercial facilities, hospitals, factories, and research facilities, where there is a risk of harmful substances being generated or flowing in somewhere within the building. [Explanation of symbols]

[0048] 1. Ventilation and air conditioning system 5. Room A 6. Room B 7 Nursing room 10 Air-conditioned compartment 11 Outside air intake 12 Intake port 13 Blower section 14 Return air port 15 Air Conditioning Section 16 Intake section 17 Duct 18 Doors 19 Exhaust port (exhaust means) 20 Airtight Doors 21 Opening and closing mechanism 22 Exhaust port (exhaust means) 25 Outdoors 26 Exhaust vent to the outside (means of exhausting to the outside) 27 Opening and closing mechanism 28 Ventilator 29 Outdoor Food 30 Outdoor air intake fan 31 Duct 32 Duct 33 Means of detecting harmful substances 34 HEPA filter 35 Fan motor 36 Means of detecting harmful substances 40 Sterilization and deodorization equipment 41 Opening plate 42 Axis 43 Door airtight section 44 Door protrusion 45 Exhaust port airtight section 46 Exhaust port protrusion 47 Opening plate 48 Axis 50 Crate 51 Exhaust port airtight section 52 Exhaust port protrusion 55 Wall 60 Control section 61 Signal Line 100 Ventilation and air conditioning system 110 Duct 111 Duct 114 Exterior Wall 115 Air supply port 116 Exhaust port 117 Air conditioner outdoor unit 118 Bulkhead 120 Filter Box 130 Heat exchanger unit 131 Total heat exchange element 160 Control section 161 Signal Line

Claims

1. An intake section, an exhaust means and a window A are provided in a room in the building; The intake section and the exhaust means are provided in a space other than the room, The air conditioning room has an air conditioning unit and a blower unit, and the air blower unit draws air from a return air port of the air conditioning room, and the air blower unit turns the air into air that has passed through the air conditioning unit and air that has bypassed the air conditioning unit, and creates conditioned air by mixing the air and the air. The intake section and the blower section are connected by a duct or a blower chamber, The air blowing unit sends the conditioned air to the air intake unit of the room and the space other than the room, providing a return air passage through which the conditioned air returns from the exhaust means to the air-conditioned room; A window B is provided in the return air duct, and outdoor air is introduced through the window B. In the building, the outdoor air and the conditioned air are circulated by the blower. By opening and closing the window A, the amount of air exhausted from the room to the outside can be adjusted from 0 when air is blown from the air intake section of the room, and by opening and closing the window B, the amount of outdoor air introduced into the building can be adjusted.

1. A ventilation and air-conditioning system, comprising: a blowing volume of the blowing section that is greater than a conditioned air volume of the air conditioning section.

2. An intake section, an exhaust means and a window A are provided in a room in the building; The intake section and the exhaust means are provided in a space other than the room, The air conditioning room has an air conditioning unit and a blower unit, and the air blower unit draws air from a return air port of the air conditioning room, and the air blower unit turns the air into air that has passed through the air conditioning unit and air that has bypassed the air conditioning unit, and creates conditioned air by mixing the air and the air. The intake section and the blower section are connected by a duct or a blower chamber, The air blowing unit sends the conditioned air to the air intake unit of the room and the space other than the room, providing a return air passage through which the conditioned air returns from the exhaust means to the air-conditioned room; a heat exchange unit is provided in an outdoor air introduction passage and an indoor air exhaust passage connected to the return air passage, which introduces the outdoor air into the return air passage and exhausts the return air to the outside while exchanging heat between the outdoor air and the return air from the exhaust means; In the building, the outdoor air and the conditioned air that have been heat exchanged are circulated by the blower unit, By opening and closing the window A, the amount of air exhausted from the room to the outside can be adjusted from 0 when air is blown from the air intake part of the room, The heat exchange unit can adjust the amount of outdoor air introduced into the building, 1. A ventilation and air-conditioning system, comprising: a blowing volume of the blowing section that is greater than a conditioned air volume of the air conditioning section.

3. 3. The air conditioning and ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein at least one of a sterilizing means and a deodorizing means is provided in the return air duct or the air-conditioned room.

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