Ant bait material and extraction method thereof

Abstract

Ant bait materials and methods for extracting same are provided. [Solution] The ant bait material comprises tea leaf extract 11, attractant 12 and water 13, the weight percentage of tea leaf extract 11 being 0.1-0.3%, the weight percentage of attractant 12 being 7.5-13.5% and the weight percentage of water 13 being 86.2-92.4%, with tea leaf extract 11 being the active ingredient of the ant bait, which is a natural ingredient, friendly to the environment and humans and animals, and has a fast drug action.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a production system, and in particular to an ant bait material and a method for extracting same. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, the damage caused by ants has become increasingly serious. For example, the number of colonies of the genus Solidago ant has increased dramatically in central and southern Taiwan in recent years, not only having a serious impact on the lives of citizens but also making it difficult to harvest crops. The coastal areas of southern Taiwan are home to red fire ants that harm land crabs.

[0003] There are currently many products on the market for exterminating ants, but most of the common chemicals have a long duration of action, which poses the risk of poisoning if children or pets accidentally ingest them. Therefore, there is room for improvement in conventional ant baits. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The above-mentioned prior art has a drawback in that the drugs have a long acting effect, which may lead to poisoning by children or pets if they accidentally ingest them. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an ant bait material containing tea leaf extract as an active ingredient, and a method for extracting the same.

[0006] The ant bait material according to the present invention comprises a tea leaf extract, an attractant, and Contains water. The weight percentage of the tea leaf extract is 0.1-0.3%, the weight percentage of the attractant is 7.5-13.5%, and the weight percentage of the water is 86.2-92.4%, each weight percentage being calculated relative to the ant bait material.

[0007] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method for extracting ant bait material, comprising the steps of: It includes the steps of: mixing 5%-10% tea leaves by weight with 70%-85% ethanol by weight to form a first mixed solution, and boiling it in an airtight state; Then, the extract is obtained by heating and concentrating it through atmospheric distillation. Add calcium oxide to the extract in a weight percentage of 5% to 20% to form a second mixed solution; Heating the second mixture at a low temperature until the solvent has completely evaporated and the mixture remains, and grinding the mixture into a powder; The mixture is further purified by atmospheric sublimation to obtain a tea leaf extract.

[0008] As described above, the present invention uses tea leaf extract as an active ingredient for killing ants, and furthermore, natural tea leaves are used for the extraction, which not only reduces environmental pollution compared to chemical agents, but also allows the active ingredient in the tea leaf extract to kill ants quickly and has a short duration of action, thereby effectively controlling the ant population. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] 1 is a structural block chart of an ant bait material according to the present invention. [Diagram 2] 1 is a block flow chart of a method for extracting ant bait material according to the present invention. [Diagram 3] 1 shows the results of a pesticide efficacy test in which the ant bait according to the present invention was used to treat the ant Cephalosporinus scleractinius. [Figure 4] 1 shows the results of a pharmacological test in which the ant bait of the present invention was used to treat fire ants. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] (One embodiment) In order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more easily understandable, the following detailed description is given in conjunction with the drawings of embodiments of the present invention.

[0011] As shown in FIG. 1, the ant bait material 10 according to the present invention includes a tea leaf extract 11, an attractant 12, and Contains 13 water. The weight percentage of the tea leaf extract 11 is 0.1-0.3%, the weight percentage of the attractant 12 is 7.5-13.5%, and the weight percentage of the water 13 is 86.2-92.4%. Each weight percentage is calculated relative to 10 parts of the ant bait material.

[0012] The preferred weight percentage ratio of tea leaf extract 11, attractant 12, and water 13 is 0.5%:10.5%:89%.

[0013] The attractant 12 is monosodium glutamate (MSG) or sucrose.

[0014] As shown in FIG. 2, the method for extracting ant bait material 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps.

[0015] Step S1: Mix 5% to 10% by weight of tea leaves and 70% to 85% by weight of ethanol to form a first mixed solution, which is then boiled in an airtight state.

[0016] Step S2: Then, the extract is heated to 70℃-135℃ by atmospheric distillation, and the extract is obtained after concentration, and the concentrated volume of the extract is 1 / 6-1 / 4 of the volume unit of the added ethanol. In other words, the concentrated volume of 100 ml of ethanol is 16 to 25 ml.

[0017] Step S3: Add calcium oxide to the extract in a weight percentage of 5% to 20% to form a second mixed solution.

[0018] Step S4: The second mixture is heated at a low temperature of 70°C to 135°C until the solvent in the second mixture is completely evaporated and the mixture is left, and the mixture is ground into a powder form.

[0019] Step S5: The mixture is further purified by atmospheric sublimation to obtain tea leaf extract 11.

[0020] An embodiment of the manufacture is as follows. [Manufacturing process of tea leaf extract 11] Ingredients: 10g tea leaves, 100ml ethanol, 6g calcium oxide. Equipment: Soxhlet extractor, reflux condenser (using spherical condenser tube), atmospheric pressure sublimation apparatus, evaporating dish, long-neck funnel, glass polisher, cotton gauze, filter paper, plastic wrap, electric heating device.

[0021] Steps: Ethanol reflux extraction: First, place 10g of tea leaves in a 250ml round-bottom flask and add 100ml of ethanol. After attaching it to the reflux condenser, check the airtightness and then heat and boil it for 40 minutes. The degree of airtightness was determined by using a dropper to drip distilled water onto the connection points of each glass vessel, and if no clear gas was observed, it was determined that the vessel had reached airtightness.

[0022] Atmospheric distillation concentration: The refluxed extracted liquid is filtered, heated to 70℃-135℃, and the extract is concentrated to 20ml. The extraction heating temperature is 70°C, 73°C, 75°C, 77°C, 80°C, 83°C, 85°C, 87°C, 90°C, 93°C, 95°C, 97°C, 100°C, 103°C, 105°C, 107°C, 110°C, 113°C, 115°C, 117°C, 120°C, 123°C, 125°C, 127°C, 130°C, 133°C or 135°C.

[0023] Acid-alkali neutralization extraction: Place the concentrated liquid in a ceramic evaporating dish and add 6 g of calcium oxide.

[0024] Preparation of tea leaf powder: After acid-alkali neutralization, the extract is placed on a heating plate and heated at a low temperature of 55℃ to 67℃. In this experiment, the extract is heated to 60°C, and after the solvent has completely evaporated, it is ground into powder using a mortar and pestle. The low temperature is 55°C, 56°C, 57°C, 58°C, 59°C, 60°C, 61°C, 62°C, 63°C, 64°C, 65°C, 66°C or 67°C.

[0025] Sublimation at atmospheric pressure: After the ethanol evaporates, impurities remain on the material, so they must be further separated and purified by sublimation at atmospheric pressure and temperature changes to convert the material from a solid state to a gaseous state. After grinding, place the solid powder evenly in an evaporating dish, cover the evaporating dish with filter paper with many small holes, and finally cover with a short-necked funnel, stuffing the end with a little cotton. Care is taken to control the temperature between approximately 115°C and 200°C. The material to be extracted is then coagulated to produce the tea leaf extract 11. The temperature is controlled to 115°C, 120°C, 125°C, 130°C, 135°C, 140°C, 145°C, 150°C, 155°C, 160°C, 165°C, 170°C, 175°C, 180°C, 185°C, 190°C, 195°C or 200°C.

[0026] [Feed test] Test 1: Formicidae Each test group contains 100 workers and 3 queens, reared in an artificial cage, rested for three days, and starved. Approximately 5 grams of the new bait (containing 0.5% wt / wt tea leaf extract 11, 10.5% wt / wt attractant, and 89% wt / wt water) was placed in an artificial rearing box in the colony of the test group ants, allowing the colony to freely consume it during the test period (n=3). Some of the control ant colonies were dosed with approximately 5 grams of non-toxic artificial diet (n=3). After the bait / artificial feed is introduced, observation of the survival status of the worker ants and queen ants begins the next day, counting them daily and removing and recording any dead individuals. Observations are discontinued after the deaths of all worker and queen ants in the test population. At the end of the study, the mean cumulative mortality rate is calculated.

[0027] Test 2: Long-legged fire ant Each test group contains 150 workers and one queen, is kept in an artificial cage, rested for three days and starved. The bait efficacy test method and recording format are the same as those for the genus Hardy ant. Test results: Worker ants (Common ants of the genus Formicidae and Formicidae) began to show convulsions after ingesting the new bait and died within a short time.

[0028] As shown in Figure 3, in the case of the ant Sorassicida of the genus, all worker ants in the test group reached a 50% mortality rate one day after feeding on the drug, and the average cumulative mortality rate reached approximately 63.3%. The lethal time to half (LT50) of worker ants was 0.82 days (Probit analysis), and almost all of them died after three days. The mean cumulative mortality between the test group and the control group had a significant difference from the first day (t-test, P < 0.001).

[0029] As shown in Figure 4, all of the workers in the test group reached a 50% mortality rate two days after feeding on the drug, and the average cumulative mortality rate was approximately 89.9%. To Reached. The median lethal time (LT50) of worker ants was 1.12 days (Probit analysis), and almost all of them died after three days. The mean cumulative mortality between the test group and the control group had a significant difference from the first day (t-test, P < 0.001).

[0030] All queens in the test colonies, whether they were Solanum pulcherrimus or P. cernua, died within seven days.

[0031] Conclusion: The new type of ant bait, whose active ingredient is tea leaf extract 11, has a remarkable lethal effect on both the genus Celastrus solasicus ants and the genus Ophiopogon ants. Worker ants that consume the bait die from the poison within a short time and carry the bait back to the nest through trophic exchange, which has the effect of wiping out the entire nest. In the future, the ant bait material 10 of the present invention may also be applicable to species of ants that feed on liquid food.

[0032] As described above, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1. High insecticidal effect: The present invention uses the active ingredients in the tea leaf extract 11 to quickly kill ants, and is effective in controlling the ant population. 2. Eco-Friendly: The tea leaf extract 11 of the present invention is an extract of natural plants, and will not pollute or harm soil, water sources or other living things during use, making it eco-friendly. 3. Low Cost: Since tea leaves are a common natural resource and easy to obtain, the cost of preparing tea leaf extract 11 is relatively low.

[0033] Finally, the embodiments in the present invention are merely used to explain the embodiments of the present invention in principle, and other variations also belong to the scope of the present invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention be illustrated by way of example and not limitation, and that various permutations of the embodiments of the present invention are consistent with the teachings of the present invention. That is, embodiments of the present invention are not limited to those specifically shown and described.

[0034] The above-described embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is based on the following claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0035] 10 Ant bait materials, 11 Tea leaf extract, 12 Attractants, 13 water, 14 Preservatives, Steps S1~S5.

Claims

1. An ant bait material comprising a tea leaf extract, an attractant, and water; The weight percentage of the tea leaf extract is 0.1-0.3%; The weight percentage of the attractant is 7.5 to 13.5%, The weight percent of the water is 86.2 to 92.4%, Each weight percentage is calculated relative to the ant bait material. Characterized in that Ant bait material.

2. The weight percent ratio of the tea leaf extract, the attractant, and the water was 0.5%:10.5%:89%. Characterized in that The ant bait material of claim 1.

3. The attractant is monosodium glutamate (MSG) or sucrose. Characterized in that The ant bait material of claim 1.

4. The method for extracting ant bait material according to claim 1 includes the following steps: A. Mix 5% to 10% tea leaves by weight with 70% to 85% ethanol by weight to form a first mixed solution, which is then boiled in an airtight state; B. Then, the extract is obtained after heating and concentration by atmospheric distillation; C. adding 5% to 20% by weight of calcium oxide to the extract to form a second mixed solution; D. Heat the second mixture at low temperature until the solvent has completely evaporated and the mixture remains. E. Further purifying the mixture by atmospheric sublimation to obtain tea leaf extract. Characterized in that Method for extracting ant bait material.

5. In the method for extracting ant bait materials, after obtaining the mixture, the mixture is ground into a powder form. Characterized in that A method for extracting the ant bait material according to claim 4.

6. The concentrated volume of the extract is 1 / 6 to 1 / 4 volume units of the added ethanol. Characterized in that A method for extracting the ant bait material according to claim 4.

7. The heating temperature for the atmospheric distillation is 70° C. to 135° C. Characterized in that A method for extracting the ant bait material according to claim 4.

8. The heating temperature of the low-temperature heating is 55°C to 67°C. Characterized in that A method for extracting the ant bait material according to claim 4.

9. The heating temperature of the low-temperature heating is 60° C. Characterized in that A method for extracting the ant bait material according to claim 4.

10. The temperature of the atmospheric sublimation is controlled to 115°C to 200°C. Characterized in that A method for extracting the ant bait material according to claim 4.

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