Working machine

Abstract

To provide a machine that enables stable assist operation.SOLUTION: A machine comprises: a frame; an apron that is disposed at the back of the frame and coupled to the frame to rotate downward and upward; and an assist mechanism that is coupled to the frame and the apron, includes a gas spring, and exerts a force on the apron in an upward direction using a force of the gas spring. The assist mechanism includes a first member and a second member. One of the first and second members slides with respect to the other member along an axis. When the apron is at the downmost position, the gas spring is covered with the first and second members. The assist mechanism gradually reduces a force to be exerted on the apron in an upward direction within a predetermined angle range in which the apron angle increases.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a work machine, and more particularly to a tiller mounted on the rear of a traveling machine body and configured to rotate a tiller rotor. This invention relates to a rotary working machine that moves forward as the traveling machine body moves forward to till a field. [Background technology]

[0002] Such rotary working machines have a frame connected to the traveling machine body and a lifting mechanism provided behind the frame. It can be lowered and raised around a fulcrum (first fulcrum) fixed to the frame. The front part of the apron (the side facing the tillage rotor) and the Scrape off the soil that has adhered to the rotor, or replace the tiller blades on the tiller rotor. If necessary, keep the apron in the flipped up position.

[0003] However, the apron is quite heavy, and its center of gravity is closer to the fulcrum (first fulcrum). Since the apron is also located at the rear, lifting it up is hard work for the workers.

[0004] As described in Patent Document 1, in order to make it easier to flip up the apron, Apron lift-up assist device that uses the elastic force of a gas spring to assist lifting force The assist mechanism (assist mechanism) described in Patent Document 1 is as follows: The side covers and the apron widthwise ends provided at the widthwise ends of the rotary work machine body The gas spring is provided between the side cover and the gas spring. The guide hole is supported so as to be movable in the vertical direction along the guide hole provided in the holder. The assist mechanism (auxiliary mechanism) is attached to the top of the shield cover that covers the top of the tiller rotor. It is equipped with a cyst mechanism (auxiliary mechanism). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-278757 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-63367 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-97042 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] However, the assist mechanism (auxiliary mechanism) described in Patent Document 1 is The gas spring is installed in the center of the work area, so it will not come into contact with obstacles such as ridges or side walls during work and be damaged. There is a risk.

[0007] The assist mechanism (auxiliary mechanism) described in Patent Document 2 is a gas spring piston lock mechanism. The assist mechanism (auxiliary mechanism) described in Patent Document 3 is a gas spring that is As these gas springs are used in this condition, there is a possibility that nitrogen gas may leak from the gas springs. , durability needs to be further improved. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention is attached to the rear of the traveling machine body and rotates the tilling rotor. In a work machine that advances with the forward travel of the traveling machine body while carrying a load, and tills a field, is a concept that includes the frame (main frame and shield cover) connected to the running body. The same applies to the first fulcrum, which is located at the rear of the frame and fixed to the frame. The apron can be lowered and raised and rotated, and its center of gravity is behind the fulcrum. The second fulcrum is fixed to the frame and the third fulcrum is fixed to the apron. The apron is lifted by applying a force that changes the distance between the fulcrum and the third fulcrum. and an assist mechanism including a gas spring that applies a force in a direction The gag consists of a cylinder, a piston inserted inside the cylinder, and a A piston rod, a rod guide for stabilizing the piston rod, and a cylinder a piston and a free piston movable within a cylinder defined by the piston, -Inside, there are gaps between the free piston and the piston, and between the piston and the rod guide. The assist mechanism further comprises a first cylindrical portion which is movable on the same axis. The first cylindrical member has a second fulcrum and one end of the gas spring. The second cylindrical member is connected to a third fulcrum and the other end of the gas spring. It is characterized by:

[0009] In the above-mentioned working machine, the assist mechanism further includes a first cylindrical member that is movable on the same axis. and a second cylindrical member, and the first cylindrical member is provided with a second fulcrum and one end of a gas spring. The second cylindrical member is connected to a third fulcrum and the other end of the gas spring. It is also desirable to provide a downwardly directed tubular member at one end of the apron side of the first tubular member or the second tubular member. Further, a resin collar may be provided between the first tubular member and the second tubular member. may be interposed.

[0010] In the above-mentioned work machine, the gas spring contracts at the point where the apron is lowered. It is desirable to configure it as follows.

[0011] In the above-mentioned working machine, the assist mechanism is configured to provide a second fulcrum at the point where the apron is lowered. and the third fulcrum. The locking mechanism preferably has a rotatable restraining lever provided on the second cylindrical member, The locking lever closes one end of the second cylindrical member, thereby separating the first cylindrical member from the second cylindrical member. The stop lever opens one end of the second cylindrical member to prevent the second member from protruding. The first cylindrical member may be configured to be allowed to protrude from the second cylindrical member. The lock mechanism includes a means for rotating the restraining lever in a direction to close one end of the second cylindrical member, and a restraining lever. The lever may also have means for temporarily fixing the lever in a position that opens one end of the second tubular member.

[0012] In the above-described work machine, the assist mechanism may include a plurality of gas springs. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] According to the working machine of the present invention, stable assist operation is possible and deterioration of the gas spring is prevented. Furthermore, when the apron is in the lowered state, This makes it possible to prevent the beige apron from flipping up. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a rear view of the working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a side view of the working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention during tilling. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a side view of the working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention when the apron is flipped up. [Figure 4]FIG. 2 is a rear view of the pop-up assist mechanism of the work machine according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a side view of the lift-up assist mechanism of the working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention during tillage. [Figure 6] 1 is a side view of the lift-up assist mechanism of the working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention when the apron is lifted up. FIG. [Figure 7] 4 is a table showing the effect of the pop-up assist mechanism of the work machine according to the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the working machine of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The device can be implemented in many different ways and is limited to the following examples. In the drawings referred to in this embodiment, the same parts or Portions having similar functions are given the same reference numerals, and repeated explanations thereof will be omitted. For convenience of explanation, the terms "upper" (top) and "lower" (bottom) will be used. The upper part and the lower part indicate the direction of the work machine in operation. The terms "front" (front side) and "rear" (rear side) are used in the explanation, but the "front" (front side) refers to the work equipment. The rear indicates the direction of the running machine that pulls the work machine relative to the running machine. Indicates the direction of.

[0016] Example 1 to 6, the overall configuration of a work machine according to an embodiment of the present invention and a pop-up assist The construction of the mechanism (auxiliary mechanism) will be described. It is connected to the rear of the running machine, such as a tractor, and rotates the working claws, like a tiller or a plow. In the embodiment, a work machine is a work machine that plows or mixes the soil by moving the work machine. The configuration of the present invention will be explained using a tiller. The present invention may also be applied to a work machine other than a tiller or a puddler.

[0017] [Configuration of work machine 100] Fig. 1 is a rear view of a working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a side view of the working machine when tilling, and FIG. The working machine 100 according to the embodiment is a frame (a main frame 110 and a shaft The tiller 100 is made up of a wind cover 120, a tilling rotor 102, an apron 130, etc. There are.

[0018] The main frame 110 is connected to a running machine body such as a tractor. The main frame 110 is cylindrical. It has a power transmission shaft inside. It receives rotational power from the running body of a tractor, etc. The direction of the rotation axis changes from left to right in the direction of travel. The chain is transmitted through the chain case 105. Power is transmitted to the rotary shaft 104 of the tillage rotor 102 by a mechanism.

[0019] The tillage rotor 102 has a rotary shaft 104 and a number of tillage blades provided on the rotary shaft 104. As shown in FIG. 1, the multiple tiller blades 103 are arranged in the direction of travel. The area (width) in which each tiller tine 103 digs up the soil is bent to the right or left. The tilling rotor 102 is moved from the front to the rear in the direction of travel. As a result, soil adheres to the inside of the apron 130. do.

[0020] The apron 130 moves downward and downward around a fulcrum 140 fixed to the shield cover 120. The center of gravity of the apron 130 is located behind the fulcrum. The apron 130 then tries to descend due to its own weight. The leveling board 131 is welded to the apron 130 from the inside to the outside. The ground leveling plate 131 is configured to draw a loop toward the tilling rotor 102. The dug-up field is then leveled. The leveling board 131 has movable extension leveling boards 1 By opening the extension leveling board 132, a wide leveling board 131 is provided. The base and apron 13 provided on the main frame 110 can be used to level the ground over a wide range. A compression rod 142 is provided between the compression rod 142 and the 42, when the apron 130 is in the lowered state, the apron 130 and the leveling board 131 are moved to the field. The force exerted by the compression rod 142 is The size of the apron 130 can be adjusted by the operator. In case of fire, the inside of the apron is covered with a rubber sheet. The inside is also covered with a rubber sheet.

[0021] In the embodiment, in addition to the above configuration, an apron flip-up assist mechanism (assistance The apron flip-up assist mechanism (auxiliary mechanism) 141 is The support 151 is made by the base 111 provided on the main frame 110, and the support 151 is made by the base 111 provided on the apron 130. The distance between the fulcrum 151 and the fulcrum 152 is changed by changing the distance between the fulcrum 151 and the fulcrum 152. Specifically, by shortening the distance between the two, the apron 1 The apron lift-up assist mechanism 141 acts to lift up the apron 30. A locking mechanism 153 is provided. This locking mechanism 153 locks the apron 130 when it is lowered. In this state (FIG. 2), do not apply a force in the direction of shortening the distance between the fulcrum 151 and the fulcrum 152. Make it so.

[0022] [Configuration of the bounce-up assist mechanism] FIG. 4 is a rear view of the pop-up assist mechanism 141 of the work machine according to the embodiment of the present invention. 5 is a side view of the lift-up assist mechanism 141 of the working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention during tilling. FIG. 6 shows the apron lift-up mechanism of the lift-up assist mechanism 141 of the working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention. The lift-up assist mechanism 141 of the working machine according to the embodiment is an inner cylindrical portion. The gas spring 250 is located inside the outer cylindrical member 220. It is being done.

[0023] [Gas spring configuration] The gas spring 250 consists of a cylindrical cylinder 251 that encloses a space inside and a cylinder A piston 256 is inserted into the inside of the shaft 251, and a pin extending from the piston 256 is inserted into the shaft 251. It is composed of a piston rod 252 and a free piston 257. Bracket 253 is attached to the tip of cylinder 52, and bracket 254 is attached to the tip of cylinder 251. The piston rod 252 and the cylinder 251 are provided with a piston rod 252 and a cylinder 251. A rod guide 258 is provided to stabilize the rod 252. 7 is movable inside the cylinder defined by the cylinder 251 and the piston 256. An O-ring made of plastic resin is placed between the free piston and the inner wall of the cylinder 251. The first chamber 261 (see Figure 2) is located between the free piston 257 and the cylinder tip. 5, the chamber to the right of the free piston 257 in FIG. 6) is filled with nitrogen. The change in the volume of nitrogen causes the Gas Spring 250 to expand like a spring. If the distance between the brackets 253 and 254 is small, a force is applied to increase the distance. Between the piston 256 inside the gas spring 250 and the free piston 257 The second chamber 260 (the chamber on the left side of the free piston 257 in FIGS. 5 and 6) and the piston A third chamber 280 (the piston in FIGS. 5 and 6) between the piston 256 and the rod guide 258 The left chamber of 256 is filled with oil. This oil is used for the nitrogen gas spring. The piston 256 has a groove extending in the direction of extension of the gas spring 250. The second chamber 260 and the third chamber 280 are filled with the orifice (hole) 259. The oil flows through an orifice 259 formed in the piston 256 . Specifically, as the piston rod 252 extends toward the outside of the cylinder 251, Then, the oil in the third chamber 280 moves to the second chamber 260 through the orifice 259, and the piston The distance between the piston 256 and the free piston 257 becomes wider.

[0024] [Configuration of the combination of the inner and outer cylindrical members] The spring-up assist mechanism 141 converts the force of the gas spring 250 in the expansion direction into the force of the compression direction. The inner cylindrical member 210 and the outer cylindrical member 220 are combined to convert the inner cylindrical member 210 into the outer cylindrical member 220. The cylindrical member 210 and the outer cylindrical member 220 are movable on the same axis. A cylindrical resin collar (not shown) is provided, and the inner cylindrical member 210 and This prevents the generation of abnormal noise caused by sliding with the outer cylindrical member 220. The bracket 254 is connected to the outer cylindrical member 220 by a pin 271. The gas spring 2 moves back and forth within an elongated hole provided in the inner cylindrical member 210. The bracket 253 of the support 50 is connected to the inner cylindrical member 210 by a pin 270. Point 151 is provided at one end of the inner cylindrical member, and fulcrum 152 is provided on the outer cylindrical member. As a result, when a force is applied in the direction in which the gas spring 250 expands, the force acts in the opposite direction. The assist mechanism applies a force in a direction that compresses the gap between the fulcrum 151 and the fulcrum 152. As a result, the apron 130 is rotated in the direction of flipping up.

[0025] Assuming the above configuration, the gas spring 250 inside the assist mechanism 141 is They are arranged almost parallel (even if there is a slight tilt), not vertically. In gas springs, the piston rod can be positioned below the cylinder. This is desirable from the viewpoint of preventing gas leakage and deterioration of the gas spring. Since the gas spring is used, even if the gas spring is roughly parallel to the horizon, This can reduce gas leakage and deterioration of the gas spring.

[0026] [Locking mechanism configuration] The apron flip-up assist mechanism 141 is provided with a locking mechanism 153. The lock mechanism 153 is configured to lock the apron 130 between the fulcrum 151 and the fulcrum 152 when the apron 130 is in the lowered position. As a result, the assist mechanism 1 is As shown in FIG. 4, the locking mechanism 153 is attached to the outer cylinder. A lock bar 230 is fixed to the shaped member 220 and rotates around a fulcrum 231. A lever 240 extends from the lock bar 230, and a rotation restricting plate 240 restricts the rotation of the lock bar 230. It consists of 33.

[0027] When the lever 240 is pushed down, the lock bar 230 closes one end of the outer cylindrical member 220. As a result, the assist mechanism is supported by the fulcrum 1. The gap between the lever 240 and the fulcrum 152 prevents the force from acting in the direction of compression. Then, the lock bar 230 opens one end of the outer cylindrical member 220, causing the inner cylindrical member 210 to fly off. As a result, the assist mechanism moves in a direction in which the distance between the fulcrum 151 and the fulcrum 152 is compressed. In this way, when tilling, the lever 240 is pushed down to activate the assist mechanism. You can lock the operation of

[0028] [Relationship between assist operation force and apron angle] FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the assist operation force and the apron angle (manufactured and sold by the applicant). This is the result of measurements using a tiller with the assist mechanism. The apron angle (the lowest position is 0°, and the rotation angle increases as the The angle of the forward force is defined as the angle of the forward force. On the other hand, when the assist mechanism is in operation, the apron angle increases from approximately 0° to The load decreases almost linearly. Then, the load becomes zero at the apron angle of about 60°. In other words, from the worker's point of view, the weight gradually becomes lighter. The above-described gas spring 250 is in a compressed state. The force in the extended state is greater than the force in the extended state, but as fulcrum 152 approaches fulcrum 151, Since the moving distance of the fulcrum 152 for a given rotation angle is large, The opposite characteristic is true (the larger the apron angle, the larger the force exerted by the assist mechanism). .)

[0029] [Variation 1] In the above embodiment, a gas spring having a free piston was used. However, it is also possible to use a conventional gas spring that does not use a free piston. In this case, the piston rod is in the normal state when the apron is lowered. It is desirable to position it below the cylinder. Even if the spring is a spring, the piston rod is positioned lower than the cylinder. This is because the oil inside moves to the piston side, preventing nitrogen gas from leaking.

[0030] [Variation 2] In the above embodiment, an example in which only one gas spring is used is shown. A plurality of the wires may be used. In this way, it is possible to obtain a sufficient assist force. For large tillers and plows with heavy aprons, gas springs are used. In this case, the assist mechanism should be spaced apart in the width direction of the work machine. They may be spaced apart.

[0031] [Variation 3] In the above embodiment, there is only one gas spring in one assist mechanism. Although an example is shown, multiple gas springs may be used in one assist mechanism. In this way, it is possible to obtain a sufficient assist force. It may be an elliptical cylindrical shape with an elliptical surface or a square cylindrical shape with a rectangular cross section.

[0032] [Variation 4] In the above embodiment, the automatic locking mechanism is configured to simply move the restraining lever up and down. However, a spring biases the restraining lever to rotate in a direction to close one end of the second cylindrical member. and a guide-shaped ( For example, a step may be provided in the guide. The apron is automatically locked in the lowest position by the locking lever. By making the second cylindrical member into a guide shape that temporarily fixes one end of the second cylindrical member in an open position, Unlock the apron at its lowest position, then lift it up with the lock released. It is possible.

[0033] [Effects of the Examples] The above configuration provides the following effects.

[0034] First, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the assist mechanism is provided at the end of the apron in the width direction. This prevents the gas spring from coming into contact with obstacles such as ridges or side walls during operation and causing damage. The assist mechanism consists of a second support fixed to the frame and a third support fixed to the apron. The frame is a structural member and is already strong enough to withstand the load. It can improve durability.

[0035] Secondly, assuming the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention, the gas spring is approximately parallel to the horizon. In general gas springs (which do not have a free piston), In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the gas spring interior is a chamber between the free piston and the piston, and a chamber between the piston and the rod The chambers between the guides are filled with oil. The possibility of gas such as nitrogen leaking from the gas spring is reduced, This prevents deterioration of the spring and significantly improves the life of the gas spring. This also contributes to reducing maintenance costs.

[0036] Thirdly, according to the embodiment of the present invention, when the apron is lowered (i.e., when tilling), This state lasts for a much longer time than the time when the apron is in the upturned state. The piston rod of the gas spring is lower than the cylinder. As a result, the piston rod of the gas spring is positioned above the cylinder. Compared to placing the gas spring in a closed position, there is less chance of gases such as nitrogen leaking from the gas spring. This prevents deterioration of the gas spring and significantly increases its lifespan. It also contributes to reducing maintenance costs for industrial machinery.

[0037] Fourth, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the force applied by the assist mechanism makes it possible to jump the apron. The force required to lift the seat is reduced. Furthermore, the force gradually increases within a specified angle range. The assist mechanism has been adjusted to make the apron lower during tilling. The worker will not accidentally lift up the apron from the state where it is in the position, and the worker will be able to lift up the apron with a considerable amount of force. (however, the force required is smaller than that required when there is no assist mechanism) Once the ball is raised to a certain angle, it will be possible to raise it with less and less force. In other words, it reduces the force required to flip up the apron and also reduces the force required to flip up the apron as the rotation angle increases. This reduces the force required to bounce up.

[0038] Fifth, in the embodiment of the present invention, a first cylindrical member and a second cylindrical member are movable on the same axis. a first cylindrical member to which a second fulcrum and one end of the gas spring are connected; The second cylindrical member has a third fulcrum and a position where the other end of the gas spring is connected. The gas spring has a double-tube structure that applies force when it is extended and applies force when it is compressed. As a result, the piston rod of the gas spring is covered with a cylindrical member, preventing the surface from becoming dirty. This significantly improves the lifespan of the gas spring, reducing the maintenance costs of the work equipment. also contributes to.

[0039] Sixth, in the embodiment of the present invention, during tilling, the inner tubular member and the outer tubular member This double covers the piston rod of the gas spring. This protects the piston rod, which is prone to deterioration.

[0040] Seventh, in the embodiment of the present invention, one end (apron side) of the inner cylindrical member has a downward There is a small opening (a hole) in the inner cylindrical member. This allows the moisture to be expelled.

[0041] Eighth, in an embodiment of the present invention, the gas spring is Since it is configured to contract, the gas spring is The piston rod surface of the ring is no longer contaminated, significantly improving the life of the gas spring. This also contributes to reducing the maintenance costs of the work equipment.

[0042] Ninth, in the embodiment of the present invention, the assist mechanism is a mechanism for adjusting the tension between the outer cylindrical member and the inner cylindrical member. A resin collar is interposed between the outer cylindrical member and the inner cylindrical member. In this case, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of abnormal noise.

[0043] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. The present invention is not limited to the above and can be appropriately modified within the scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0044] 100: Work machine, 210: Inner cylindrical member, 220: Outer cylindrical member, 250: Gas spring 251: Cylinder, 252: Piston rod, 256: Piston, 257: Free - Piston

Claims

1. A frame, An apron provided behind the frame and connected to the frame so as to be capable of lowering and lifting up and rotating; an assist mechanism connected to the frame and the apron, including a gas spring, and utilizing the force of the gas spring to apply a force in a direction to bounce up the apron; Equipped with the assist mechanism includes a first member and a second member, one of which is slidable relative to the other on the same axis; When the apron is lowered, the gas spring is covered with the first member and the second member. The assist mechanism gradually reduces the force required to flip up the apron within a predetermined angle range in which the apron angle increases.

2. 2. The work machine according to claim 1, wherein the frame and one end of the gas spring are connected to the first member, and the other end of the gas spring is connected to the second member.

3. Shield cover and An apron is provided behind the shield cover and is connected to the shield cover so as to be capable of lowering and lifting up and rotating; an assist mechanism connected to the shield cover and the apron, including a gas spring, and utilizing the force of the gas spring to apply a force in a direction to bounce up the apron; Equipped with the assist mechanism includes a first member and a second member, one of which is slidable relative to the other on the same axis; During tilling, the gas spring is surrounded by the first member and the second member, The assist mechanism gradually reduces the force required to flip up the apron within a predetermined angle range in which the apron angle increases.

4. 4. The work machine according to claim 3, wherein the shield cover and one end of the gas spring are connected to the first member, and the other end of the gas spring is connected to the second member.

5. 5. The work machine according to claim 1, wherein the assist mechanism converts a force in an extension direction of the gas spring into a force in a direction to bounce up the apron.

6. The work machine according to claim 1 , wherein the assist mechanism includes a plurality of the gas springs.

7. The work machine according to claim 1 , wherein the assist mechanism further includes a locking mechanism that stops movement of the first member at a point where the apron is lowered.

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