Pilot signal transmission method and related device

Abstract

The present application provides a pilot signal transmission method and related apparatus, which includes: a first device determines a first frequency band to which a discrete RU allocated to the first device belongs; and the first device sends a first pilot signal of the first device to a second device on all pilot subcarriers provided in the first frequency band. According to the embodiment of the present application, problems such as narrowband interference and frequency selective fading are avoided, and the reliability of pilot signal transmission is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application claims the priority of Chinese Patent Application No. 202110753764.8, titled "PILOT SIGNAL TRANSMISSION METHOD AND RELATED APPARATUS", filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on July 2, 2021, and the entire content of this Chinese patent application is incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and particularly to a pilot signal transmission method and related apparatus.

Background Art

[0003] The transmission power of a device is limited by both the maximum power and the maximum power spectral density. In other words, the transmission power of a device cannot exceed the maximum power or the maximum power spectral density. To implement a larger transmission power for the device, the corresponding transmission bandwidth can be expanded. In other words, the subcarriers allocated to the device become more discrete in the frequency domain, that is, the number of subcarriers per 1 MHz is suppressed. For example, refer to FIGS. 1A and 1B. FIGS. 1A and 1B are schematic diagrams showing the association of virtual resource units (VRUs) with physical resource units (PRUs). In FIGS. 1A and 1B, there are two ways to implement the dispersion of all subcarriers of a 26-tone VRU over a PRU on a frequency band with a bandwidth of 20 MHz, that is, in Method 1, two pilot subcarriers in FIG. 1A are involved in the association, and in Method 2, two pilot subcarriers in FIG. 1B are not involved in the association. It can be understood that a frequency band with a bandwidth of 2 MHz in FIGS. 1A and 1B contains one 26-tone VRU. In other words, a VRU on a frequency band with a bandwidth of approximately 2 MHz contains 26 subcarriers, and the 26 subcarriers include two pilot subcarriers. As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, since the 26-tone VRU of a frequency band with a bandwidth of approximately 2 MHz is dispersed over a 26-tone PRU on a frequency band with a bandwidth of 20 MHz, it can be found that the number of subcarriers per 1 MHz can be suppressed in both ways. However, the two pilot subcarriers in the two ways are sparsely dispersed over the frequency band with a bandwidth of 20 MHz, that is, they cannot evenly cover the entire frequency band. Therefore, when a pilot signal is sent using the pilot subcarriers included in the 26-tone PRU, problems such as narrowband interference and frequency-selective fading may occur, and the transmission of the pilot signal may be severely affected.Therefore, how to avoid problems such as narrowband interference and frequency-selective fading and improve the reliability of pilot signal transmission becomes a technical problem that should be urgently solved at the current stage. Summary of the Invention Means for Solving the Problems

[0004] This application provides a pilot signal transmission method and related devices for avoiding problems such as narrowband interference and frequency-selective fading and improving the reliability of pilot signal transmission.

[0005] According to a first aspect, a pilot signal transmission method is provided. The method includes: a first device determining a first frequency band to which discrete RUs assigned to the first device belong; the first device sending a first pilot signal of the first device to a second device on all pilot subcarriers provided in the first frequency band; and.

[0006] In the above technical solution, by determining the first frequency band including the discrete RUs assigned to the STA, the STA may send the first pilot signal of the STA to the AP on all pilot subcarriers included in the first frequency band, and it can be found that the first pilot signal may also be transmitted using pilot subcarriers fixed and evenly distributed on the first frequency band. Thereby, problems such as narrowband interference and frequency-selective fading caused by sparsely dispersing pilot subcarriers on the frequency band are avoided, and the reliability of pilot signal transmission is improved. In this way, the result of linear difference becomes more accurate, the problem that the result of linear difference becomes incorrect when the phases of the pilots are not in the same period is avoided, and the entire frequency band can be accurately covered by the linear difference implemented using the pilot subcarriers.

[0007] According to a second aspect, a pilot signal transmission method is provided. The method includes: determining, by a first device, a first frequency band to which discrete RUs assigned to the first device belong, the first frequency band including pilot subcarriers of a first discrete RU group and pilot subcarriers of a second discrete RU group, and the pilot subcarriers of the first discrete RU group and the pilot subcarriers of the second discrete RU group not overlapping; transmitting, by the first device, a first pilot signal of the first device to a second device on all pilot subcarriers of the first discrete RU group or the second discrete RU group; and

[0008] In the above technical solution, by determining a first frequency band including discrete RUs assigned to an STA, the STA may transmit a first pilot signal of the STA to an AP on all pilot subcarriers of a first discrete RU group or a second discrete RU group included in the first frequency band, and it can be found that the first pilot signal may be transmitted using pilot subcarriers fixed and evenly distributed on the first frequency band. Thereby, problems such as narrowband interference and frequency selective fading caused by sparsely distributing pilot subcarriers on a frequency band are avoided, and the reliability of pilot signal transmission is improved. In this way, the result of linear difference becomes more accurate, the problem that the result of linear difference becomes incorrect when the phases of pilots are not in the same period is avoided, and the entire frequency band can be accurately covered by linear difference implemented using pilot subcarriers.

[0009] According to a third aspect, a communication device is provided. The device includes a processing module and a transceiver module.

[0010] The processing module is configured to determine a first frequency band to which discrete RUs assigned to the processing module belong.

[0011] The transceiver module is configured to send a first pilot signal of a first device to a second device using all pilot subcarriers included in a first frequency band.

[0012] According to a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided. The device includes a processing module and a transceiver module.

[0013] The processing module is configured to determine a first frequency band to which discrete RUs assigned to the processing module belong. The first frequency band includes pilot subcarriers of a first discrete RU group and pilot subcarriers of a second discrete RU group, and the pilot subcarriers of the first discrete RU group and the pilot subcarriers of the second discrete RU group do not overlap.

[0014] The receiver module is configured to send a first pilot signal of a first device to a second device using all pilot subcarriers of the first discrete RU group or the second discrete RU group.

[0015] Separately from the above, regarding the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect or the fourth aspect, the first pilot signal of the first device is a predetermined matrix W and a column vector

Number

[0016]

Number

Number

Number

Number

[0017] In the above technical solution, it can be found that the first pilot signal of the first device relates to a predetermined matrix W and a column vector

Number

[0018] Separately from the above, regarding the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect or the fourth aspect, the first pilot signal q of Nu devices t satisfies the formula

Number

[0019] In the above technical solution, in order for the receiver to be able to separate the pilot signal of a single device, the first pilot signal q of Nu devices t is the formula

Number

[0020] Separately from the above, the first pilot signal of the first device is

Number

[0021] Separately from the above, regarding the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect or the fourth aspect, W is an orthogonal matrix, W is a 2×n - order Hadamard matrix H 2n where H 2n satisfies the following formula,

Number

Number

[0022] Separately from the above, regarding the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect, or the fourth aspect, n is 1,

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

[0023] Separately from the above, regarding the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect, or the fourth aspect,

Number

[0024] Separately from the above, regarding the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect, or the fourth aspect, the first pilot signal of the first device occupies different pilot subcarriers at different time units among Nu time units, and the total number of pilot subcarriers occupied by the first pilot signal of the first device in Nu time units is the total number of pilot subcarriers included in the first frequency band.

[0025] According to the fifth aspect, a pilot signal demodulation method is provided. This method is The second device receives the second pilot signals of at least two first devices on all pilot subcarriers included in the first frequency band, where the first frequency band is the frequency band to which the discrete resource units (RUs) assigned to at least two first devices belong, and the second device processes the second pilot signals of at least two first devices to obtain the first pilot signals sent by at least two first devices are included.

[0026] In the above technical solution, the AP can receive the second pilot signals of at least two STAs on all pilot subcarriers included in the first frequency band, so that the AP can process the second pilot signals of at least two STAs to obtain the first pilot signals sent by each STA, whereby it can be found that the pilot signals of a single STA can be separated.

[0027] According to a sixth aspect, a pilot signal demodulation method is provided. The method includes the second device receives the second pilot signals of at least two first devices on all pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete RU group or the second discrete RU group, where the first discrete RU group or the second discrete RU group is included in the first frequency band, and the first frequency band is the frequency band to which the discrete RUs assigned to at least two first devices belong, and the second device processes the second pilot signals of at least two first devices to obtain the first pilot signals sent by at least two first devices are included.

[0028] In the above technical solution, the AP can receive the second pilot signals of at least two STAs on all the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete RU group or the second discrete RU group, so that the AP can process the second pilot signals of at least two STAs to obtain the first pilot signals sent by each STA. As a result, it can be found that the pilot signals of a single STA can be separated.

[0029] According to a seventh aspect, a communication device is provided. The device includes a transceiver module and a processing module.

[0030] The transceiver module is configured to receive the second pilot signals of at least two first devices on all the pilot subcarriers included in the first frequency band, where the first frequency band is the frequency band to which the discrete resource units (RUs) assigned to at least two first devices belong.

[0031] The processing module is configured to process the second pilot signals of at least two first devices to obtain the first pilot signals sent by at least two first devices.

[0032] According to an eighth aspect, a communication device is provided. The device includes a transceiver module and a processing module.

[0033] The transceiver module is configured to receive the second pilot signals of at least two first devices on all the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete RU group or the second discrete RU group, where the first discrete RU group or the second discrete RU group is included in the first frequency band, and the first frequency band is the frequency band to which the discrete RUs assigned to at least two first devices belong.

[0034] The processing module is configured to process the second pilot signals of at least two first devices in order to obtain the first pilot signals sent by the at least two first devices.

[0035] Separately from the above, for the fifth, sixth, seventh, or eighth aspect, the second pilot signal X of at least two first devices satisfies the following equation: X = G[s1s2s3…s Nu W or X = G[s1s2s3…s Nu W + Z.

[0036] G is a channel parameter, Z is noise, and W satisfies the equation W = [w1, w2, …, w Nu , where w x is a column vector, x is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Nu, Nu is an integer greater than 1, W is used to control the pilot signals transmitted by at least two first devices in Nu time units, the column index of W is the time unit index, and the row index of W is the device index.

[0037] s k The number of columns of is the number of all pilot subcarriers included in the first frequency band, and the nth element of s k indicates the pilot signal corresponding to the kth first device among at least two first devices for the nth pilot subcarrier included in the first frequency band, n is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to the number of columns of s k k is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Nu, and t is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and t is the time unit index.

[0038] In the above technical solution, the second pilot signal X of at least two first devices satisfies the following equation so that the second device can separate the pilot signals of a single first device: X = G[s1s2s3…s NuW or X = G[s1s2s3…s Nu W + Z can be found to be satisfied.

[0039] Separately from the above, with respect to the fifth, sixth, seventh, or eighth aspect, the first pilot signal sent by at least two first devices is [s1s2s3…s Nu W.

[0040] In the above technical solution, the first pilot signal sent by at least two first devices is [s1s2s3…s Nu W so that the second device can separate the pilot signal of a single device, and this can be found.

[0041] Separately from the above, with respect to the fifth, sixth, seventh, or eighth aspect, W is an orthogonal matrix, W is a 2×n Hadamard matrix H 2n where H 2n satisfies the following equation,

Equation

Equation

[0042] Separately from the above, with respect to the fifth, sixth, seventh, or eighth aspect, n is 1,

Equation

Number

Number

Number

Number

[0043] Separately from the above, regarding the fifth aspect, the sixth aspect, the seventh aspect, or the eighth aspect, for [s1s2s3…s Nu , some elements of some column vectors are set to zero.

[0044] Separately from the above, regarding the fifth aspect, the sixth aspect, the seventh aspect, or the eighth aspect, the first pilot signal of one of at least two first devices occupies different pilot subcarriers at different time units among Nu time units, and the total number of pilot subcarriers occupied by the first pilot signal of one first device in Nu time units is the total number of pilot subcarriers included in the first frequency band.

[0045] According to the ninth aspect, a method for sending data in a wireless network is provided. This method is The first device determines a discrete resource unit (RU) to be assigned to the first device, where the discrete RU includes data subcarriers and pilot subcarriers, all subcarriers of one discrete RU are spread over a first frequency band, the size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz, and the first frequency band includes a maximum of 18 pilot subcarriers that are spaced apart, and the number of pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU is 2 or more, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU are spaced apart by at least M pilot subcarriers, and the first device transmits a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) using the discrete RU and includes.

[0046] In the above technical solution, all subcarriers of the discrete RU assigned to the STA are spread over a 20 MHz frequency band, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete RU are spaced apart by at least M pilot subcarriers, so that the dispersion of the pilot subcarriers is more discrete and problems such as narrowband interference and frequency selective fading can be solved. In this way, the result of the linear difference becomes more accurate, the problem that the result of the linear difference becomes incorrect when the phases of the pilots are not in the same period is avoided, and the entire frequency band can be accurately covered by the linear difference implemented using the pilot subcarriers. In addition to the above, transmitting the PPDU using the discrete RU is also implemented.

[0047] According to a tenth aspect, a method for transmitting data in a wireless network is provided. The method includes a second device receiving a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) using the discrete RU assigned to the first device and includes.

[0048] The discrete RU includes data subcarriers and pilot subcarriers, all subcarriers of one discrete RU are distributed on a first frequency band, the size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz, and the first frequency band includes a maximum of 18 pilot subcarriers that are spaced apart.

[0049] The number of pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU is 2 or more, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU are spaced apart by at least M pilot subcarriers.

[0050] In the above technical solution, all subcarriers of the discrete RU assigned to the STA are distributed on a 20 MHz frequency band, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete RU are spaced apart by at least M pilot subcarriers, so that the distribution of the pilot subcarriers is more discrete and problems such as narrowband interference and frequency selective fading can be solved. In this way, the result of the linear difference becomes more accurate, the problem that the result of the linear difference becomes incorrect when the phases of the pilots are not in the same period is avoided, and the entire frequency band can be accurately covered by the linear difference implemented using the pilot subcarriers. In addition to the above, receiving the PPDU with the discrete RU is also implemented.

[0051] According to an eleventh aspect, a communication device is provided. The device includes a processing module and a transceiver module.

[0052] The processing module is configured to determine a discrete resource unit RU assigned to the processing module. The discrete RU includes data subcarriers and pilot subcarriers. All subcarriers of one discrete RU are distributed on a first frequency band. The size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz. The first frequency band includes a maximum of 18 pilot subcarriers that are spaced apart.

[0053] The number of pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU is 2 or more, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU are separated by at least M pilot subcarriers.

[0054] The transceiver module is configured to send a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) in discrete RUs.

[0055] According to a twelfth aspect, a communication device is provided. The device includes a transceiver module.

[0056] The transceiver module is configured to receive a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) in a discrete RU assigned to a first device.

[0057] A discrete RU includes data subcarriers and pilot subcarriers. All subcarriers of one discrete RU are dispersed over a first frequency band. The size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz, and the first frequency band includes a maximum of 18 pilot subcarriers that are separated.

[0058] The number of pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU is 2 or more, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU are separated by at least M pilot subcarriers.

[0059] Separately from the above, regarding the ninth aspect, the tenth aspect, the eleventh aspect, or the twelfth aspect, a maximum of 18 pilot subcarriers separated within the first frequency band are the same as the pilot subcarriers in the continuous RU mode.

[0060] Separately from the above, regarding the ninth, tenth, eleventh, or twelfth aspect, one discrete RU corresponds to one continuous RU, one continuous RU includes at least two pilot subcarriers, and there is a common set between the index of the pilot subcarriers of one discrete RU and the index of the pilot subcarriers of the continuous RU.

[0061] Separately from the above, regarding the ninth, tenth, eleventh, or twelfth aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 26-tone RU, the discrete 26-tone RU includes 24 data subcarriers and two pilot subcarriers, and the two pilot subcarriers are separated by at least nine pilot subcarriers.

[0062] Separately from the above, regarding the ninth, tenth, eleventh, or twelfth aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 52-tone RU, the discrete 52-tone RU includes two discrete 26-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 52-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the two discrete 26-tone RUs.

[0063] Separately from the above, regarding the ninth, tenth, eleventh, or twelfth aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 52-tone RU, the discrete 52-tone RU includes at least 48 data subcarriers, the number of pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU is 2 or more and 4 or less, and at least two of the maximum four pilot subcarriers are separated by at least nine pilot subcarriers.

[0064] Separately from the above, regarding the ninth, tenth, eleventh, or twelfth aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 106-tone RU, the discrete 106-tone RU includes two discrete 52-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 106-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the two discrete 52-tone RUs.

[0065] Separately from the above, for the ninth, tenth, eleventh, or twelfth aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 106-tone RU, the number of data subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU is 98 or more, the number of pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU is 2 or more and 8 or less, and at least two of the up to eight pilot subcarriers are separated by at least nine pilot subcarriers.

[0066] According to the thirteenth aspect, a method for sending data in a wireless network is provided. The method includes determining, by a first device, a discrete resource unit (RU) assigned to the first device, the discrete RU including data subcarriers and pilot subcarriers, all subcarriers of one discrete RU being distributed on a first frequency band, the size of the first frequency band being 40 MHz, and the first frequency band including up to 36 pilot subcarriers that are separated, the number of pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU being 2 or more, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU being separated by at least M pilot subcarriers, and the first device sending a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) in the discrete RU including.

[0067] In the above technical solution, all subcarriers of the discrete RUs assigned to the STA are dispersed over a 40 MHz frequency band, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete RUs are spaced apart by at least M pilot subcarriers, so that it can be found that the dispersion of the pilot subcarriers is more discrete to solve problems such as narrowband interference and frequency selective fading. In this way, the result of the linear difference becomes more accurate, the problem that the result of the linear difference becomes incorrect when the phases of the pilots are not in the same period is avoided, and the entire frequency band can be accurately covered by the linear difference implemented using the pilot subcarriers. In addition to the above, sending the PPDU with the discrete RUs is also implemented.

[0068] According to a 14th aspect, a method for sending data in a wireless network is provided. The method includes a second device receiving a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) with discrete RUs assigned to a first device and includes.

[0069] The discrete RUs include data subcarriers and pilot subcarriers, all subcarriers of one discrete RU are dispersed over a first frequency band, the size of the first frequency band is 40 MHz, and the first frequency band includes up to 36 pilot subcarriers that are spaced apart.

[0070] The number of pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU is 2 or more, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU are spaced apart by at least M pilot subcarriers.

[0071] In the above technical solution, all subcarriers of the discrete RUs assigned to the STA are dispersed over a 40 MHz frequency band, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete RUs are separated by at least M pilot subcarriers, so that the dispersion of the pilot subcarriers is more discrete to solve problems such as narrowband interference and frequency selective fading. In this way, the result of the linear difference becomes more accurate, the problem that the result of the linear difference becomes incorrect when the phases of the pilots are not in the same period is avoided, and the entire frequency band can be accurately covered by the linear difference implemented using the pilot subcarriers. In addition to the above, receiving the PPDU with the discrete RUs is also implemented.

[0072] According to a 15th aspect, a communication device is provided. The device includes a transceiver module.

[0073] The transceiver module determines discrete resource units (RUs) assigned to the transceiver module. The discrete RUs include data subcarriers and pilot subcarriers. All subcarriers of one discrete RU are dispersed over a first frequency band, the size of the first frequency band is 40 MHz, and the first frequency band is configured to include up to 36 pilot subcarriers to be separated.

[0074] The number of pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU is 2 or more, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU are separated by at least M pilot subcarriers.

[0075] A first device sends a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) with the discrete RUs.

[0076] According to a 16th aspect, a communication device is provided. The device includes a transceiver module.

[0077] The transceiver module is configured to receive a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) in discrete resource units (RUs) allocated to a first device.

[0078] The discrete RUs include data subcarriers and pilot subcarriers. All subcarriers of one discrete RU are distributed over a first frequency band. The size of the first frequency band is 40 MHz, and the first frequency band includes up to 36 pilot subcarriers that are spaced apart.

[0079] The number of pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU is 2 or more, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU are spaced apart by at least M pilot subcarriers.

[0080] Alternatively, with respect to the 13th, 14th, 15th, or 16th aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 26-tone RU. The discrete 26-tone RU includes 24 data subcarriers and 2 pilot subcarriers, and the 2 pilot subcarriers are spaced apart by at least 18 pilot subcarriers.

[0081] Alternatively, with respect to the 13th, 14th, 15th, or 16th aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 52-tone RU. The discrete 52-tone RU includes two discrete 26-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 52-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the two discrete 26-tone RUs.

[0082] Separately from the above, with respect to the 13th aspect, 14th aspect, 15th aspect or 16th aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 52-tone RU, the discrete 52-tone RU includes at least 48 data subcarriers, the number of pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU is 2 or more and 4 or less, and at least two of the maximum four pilot subcarriers are separated by at least 18 pilot subcarriers.

[0083] Separately from the above, with respect to the 13th aspect, 14th aspect, 15th aspect or 16th aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 106-tone RU, the discrete 106-tone RU includes two discrete 52-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 106-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the two discrete 52-tone RUs.

[0084] Separately from the above, with respect to the 13th aspect, 14th aspect, 15th aspect or 16th aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 106-tone RU, the number of data subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU is 98 or more, the number of pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU is 2 or more and 8 or less, and at least two of the maximum eight pilot subcarriers are separated by at least 18 pilot subcarriers.

[0085] Separately from the above, with respect to the 13th aspect, 14th aspect, 15th aspect or 16th aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 242-tone RU, the discrete 242-tone RU includes two discrete 106-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 242-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the two discrete 106-tone RUs.

[0086] Separately from the above, regarding the 13th aspect, 14th aspect, 15th aspect or 16th aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 242-tone RU, the number of data subcarriers included in the discrete 242-tone RU is 224 or more, the number of pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 242-tone RU is 2 or more and 18 or less, and at least two of the up to 18 pilot subcarriers are separated by at least 18 pilot subcarriers.

[0087] According to the 17th aspect, a method for sending data in a wireless network is provided. The method includes determining, by a first device, a discrete resource unit (RU) assigned to the first device, where the discrete RU includes data subcarriers and pilot subcarriers, all subcarriers of one discrete RU are dispersed on a first frequency band, the size of the first frequency band is 80 MHz, and the first frequency band includes 72 pilot subcarriers that are separated, the number of pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU is 2 or more, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU are separated by at least M pilot subcarriers, the first device sending a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) in the discrete RU and.

[0088] In the above technical solution, all subcarriers of the discrete RUs assigned to the STA are dispersed over an 80 MHz frequency band, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete RUs are separated by at least M pilot subcarriers, so that it can be found that the dispersion of the pilot subcarriers is more discrete and problems such as narrowband interference and frequency selective fading can be solved. In this way, the result of the linear difference becomes more accurate, the problem that the result of the linear difference becomes incorrect when the phases of the pilots are not in the same period is avoided, and the entire frequency band can be accurately covered by the linear difference implemented using the pilot subcarriers. In addition to the above, it is also implemented to send the PPDU in discrete RUs.

[0089] According to the 18th aspect, a method for sending data in a wireless network is provided. This method includes a second device receiving a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) in discrete resource units (RUs) assigned to a first device and includes.

[0090] The discrete RUs include data subcarriers and pilot subcarriers. All subcarriers of one discrete RU are dispersed over a first frequency band, the size of the first frequency band is 80 MHz, and the first frequency band includes 72 pilot subcarriers that are separated.

[0091] The number of pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU is 2 or more, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU are separated by at least M pilot subcarriers.

[0092] In the above technical solution, all subcarriers of the discrete RUs assigned to the STA are dispersed over a frequency band of 80 MHz, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete RUs are separated by at least M pilot subcarriers, so that the dispersion of the pilot subcarriers is more discrete, and problems such as narrowband interference and frequency-selective fading can be solved. In this way, the result of the linear difference becomes more accurate, the problem that the result of the linear difference becomes incorrect when the phases of the pilots are not in the same period is avoided, and the entire frequency band can be accurately covered by the linear difference implemented using the pilot subcarriers. In addition to the above, receiving the PPDU with the discrete RUs is also implemented.

[0093] According to a nineteenth aspect, a communication device is provided. The device includes a processing module and a transceiver module.

[0094] The processing module is configured to determine a discrete resource unit (RU) assigned to the processing module. The discrete RU includes data subcarriers and pilot subcarriers. All subcarriers of one discrete RU are dispersed over a first frequency band, the size of the first frequency band is 80 MHz, and the first frequency band includes 72 pilot subcarriers that are separated.

[0095] The number of pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU is 2 or more, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU are separated by at least M pilot subcarriers.

[0096] The transceiver module is configured to send a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) with the discrete RUs.

[0097] According to a twentieth aspect, a communication device is provided. The device includes a transceiver module.

[0098] The transceiver module is configured to receive a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) in discrete resource units (RUs) allocated to a first device.

[0099] The discrete RUs include data subcarriers and pilot subcarriers, and all subcarriers of one discrete RU are dispersed on a first frequency band, the size of the first frequency band being 80 MHz, and the first frequency band including 72 pilot subcarriers that are spaced apart.

[0100] The number of pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU is two or more, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU are spaced apart by at least M pilot subcarriers.

[0101] Alternatively, with respect to the 17th, 18th, 19th, or 20th aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 26-tone RU, the discrete 26-tone RU including 24 data subcarriers and two pilot subcarriers, and the two pilot subcarriers being spaced apart by at least 36 pilot subcarriers.

[0102] Alternatively, with respect to the 17th, 18th, 19th, or 20th aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 52-tone RU, the discrete 52-tone RU including two discrete 26-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 52-tone RU including some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the two discrete 26-tone RUs.

[0103] Separately from the above, with respect to the 17th aspect, 18th aspect, 19th aspect or 20th aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 52-tone RU, the discrete 52-tone RU includes at least 48 data sub-carriers, the number of pilot sub-carriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU is 2 or more and 4 or less, and at least two of the maximum four pilot sub-carriers are separated by at least 36 pilot sub-carriers.

[0104] Separately from the above, with respect to the 17th aspect, 18th aspect, 19th aspect or 20th aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 106-tone RU, the discrete 106-tone RU includes two discrete 52-tone RUs, and the pilot sub-carriers of the discrete 106-tone RU include some or all of the pilot sub-carriers of the two discrete 52-tone RUs.

[0105] Separately from the above, with respect to the 17th aspect, 18th aspect, 19th aspect or 20th aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 106-tone RU, the number of data sub-carriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU is 98 or more, the number of pilot sub-carriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU is 2 or more and 8 or less, and at least two of the maximum eight pilot sub-carriers are separated by at least 36 pilot sub-carriers.

[0106] Separately from the above, with respect to the 17th aspect, 18th aspect, 19th aspect or 20th aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 242-tone RU, the discrete 242-tone RU includes two discrete 106-tone RUs, and the pilot sub-carriers of the discrete 242-tone RU include some or all of the pilot sub-carriers of the two discrete 106-tone RUs.

[0107] Separately from the above, with respect to the 17th aspect, 18th aspect, 19th aspect or 20th aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 242-tone RU, the number of data subcarriers included in the discrete 242-tone RU is 224 or more, the number of pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 242-tone RU is 2 or more and 18 or less, and at least two of the up to 18 pilot subcarriers are separated by at least 36 pilot subcarriers.

[0108] Separately from the above, with respect to the 17th aspect, 18th aspect, 19th aspect or 20th aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 484-tone RU, the discrete 484-tone RU includes two discrete 242-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 484-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the two discrete 242-tone RUs.

[0109] Separately from the above, with respect to the 17th aspect, 18th aspect, 19th aspect or 20th aspect, the discrete RU is a discrete 484-tone RU, the number of data subcarriers included in the discrete 484-tone RU is 448 or more, the number of pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 484-tone RU is 2 or more and 36 or less, and at least two of the up to 36 pilot subcarriers are separated by at least 36 pilot subcarriers.

[0110] According to the 21st aspect, a chip is provided. The chip includes at least one processor and an interface. The processor is configured to read and execute instructions stored in a memory. When the instructions are operative, the chip is enabled to perform a method according to any one of the 1st aspect, 2nd aspect, 5th aspect, 6th aspect, 9th aspect, 10th aspect, 13th aspect, 14th aspect, 17th aspect or 18th aspect.

[0111] According to the 22nd aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. The computer program includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer is enabled to perform the method according to any one of the 1st aspect, the 2nd aspect, the 5th aspect, the 6th aspect, the 9th aspect, the 10th aspect, the 13th aspect, the 14th aspect, the 17th aspect or the 18th aspect.

[0112] According to the 23rd aspect, a communication device is provided. The device includes a processor, a memory, an input interface and an output interface. The input interface is configured to receive information from another communication device other than the present communication device. The output interface is configured to output information to another communication device other than the present communication device. The processor calls a computer program stored in the memory to implement the method according to the 1st aspect, the 2nd aspect, the 5th aspect, the 6th aspect, the 9th aspect, the 10th aspect, the 13th aspect, the 14th aspect, the 17th aspect or the 18th aspect.

[0113] According to the 24th aspect, a communication system is provided. The system includes the above-mentioned 1st device and / or the above-mentioned 2nd device.

[0114] Hereinafter, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0115]

Figure 1A

Figure 1B

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Figure 11

Figure 12

Figure 13

Figure 14

Figure 15

Figure 16

Figure 17

Figure 18

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0116] Hereinafter, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably. " / " represents an "or" relationship between related items unless otherwise specified. For example, A / B may represent A or B. The term "and / or" in the present application is only a related relationship for explaining related items and represents that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B may represent three cases: when only A exists, when both A and B exist, and when only B exists, where each of A and B may be singular or plural. In addition, in the description of the present application, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise specified. At least one of the following thing(s) or a similar expression refers to any combination of these things, including any combination of singular things or plural things. For example, at least one thing (singular) of a, b, or c may refer to a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a, b, and c, where a, b, and c may be singular or plural. In addition to the above, in order to clearly explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, terms such as first and second are used in the embodiments of the present application to distinguish the same things or similar things that basically provide the same function or purpose. Those skilled in the art can understand that words such as "first" and "second" do not limit the number or execution order, and words such as "first" and "second" do not indicate a definite difference.

[0117] When referring to "one embodiment", "some embodiments", etc. described in the embodiments of the present application, it means that one or more embodiments of the present application include the specific features, structures, or characteristics described with reference to the embodiments. Therefore, descriptions such as "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in some other embodiments", and "in other embodiments" that appear in different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, unless otherwise specifically emphasized, such descriptions mean "not all of the embodiments, but one or more of the embodiments". All of the terms "include", "comprise", "have", and variations thereof mean "include but are not limited to" unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0118] Hereinafter, some terms (i.e., communication terms) in the present application will be explained and described.

[0119] 1. Continuous RU (CRU) In this specification, a continuous RU is a RU that includes a plurality of continuous subcarriers, or a continuous RU is a RU that includes two continuous subcarrier groups. The plurality of subcarriers included in each continuous subcarrier group are continuous. The two subcarrier groups are limited to being separated by one or more of guard subcarriers, null subcarriers, or direct current subcarriers. All RUs supported by 802.11ax can be understood as continuous RUs. A continuous RU may sometimes be referred to as a standard RU. Of course, there may be other names different from this for the continuous RU. In the embodiments of the present application, the specific name of the continuous RU is not limited.

[0120] In the embodiments of the present application, a continuous RU including K subcarriers is referred to as a continuous K-tone RU. For example, a continuous 26-tone RU is a continuous RU including 26 subcarriers. In other words, the concept of a continuous K-tone RU is the same as the concept of a K-tone RU in the existing 802.11ax standard.

[0121] 2. Discrete RU (DRU) For continuous RU, an RU that includes a plurality of sub - carrier groups discrete in the frequency domain may be referred to as discrete RU. In other words, discrete RU includes a plurality of sub - carrier groups, and any two sub - carrier groups are discrete in the frequency domain. One sub - carrier group includes one sub - carrier, or one sub - carrier group includes at least two consecutive sub - carriers. In other words, one sub - carrier group includes one sub - carrier or includes a plurality of consecutive sub - carriers. Discrete RU may also be referred to as distributed RU (DRU). Of course, in another embodiment, discrete RU may have another name. In this application, the name of discrete RU is not limited. In this application, the number of sub - carrier groups included in one discrete RU is 2 or more.

[0122] In an embodiment of this application, a discrete RU including K sub - carriers may be referred to as discrete K - tone RU. For example, discrete 26 - tone RU refers to a discrete RU including 26 sub - carriers. For the value of K, refer to the value of K used for continuous RU. Of course, the value of K may be different from the value of K used for continuous RU. For example, when the bandwidth is 20 MHz, 20 MHz may include one or more combinations of discrete 26 - tone RU, discrete 52 - tone RU, discrete 106 - tone RU, or discrete 242 - tone RU.

[0123] In this application, one discrete RU and another discrete RU may form a discrete MRU. Discrete MRU can be assigned to one or more stations. For example, discrete 242 - tone RU and discrete 484 - tone RU may form discrete 484 + 242 - tone RU.

[0124] In some examples, even if the number of sub - carriers included in any two of the multiple sub - carrier groups included in a discrete RU is the same or different. In one example, the number of sub - carriers in each sub - carrier group may be 1. In another example, the number of sub - carriers in some sub - carrier groups is 1, and the number of sub - carriers in other sub - carrier groups is 2. In other words, one discrete RU may include four sub - carrier groups, and the number of sub - carriers in the four sub - carrier groups may be 1, 1, 2, 2 in sequence.

[0125] It should be noted that in this application, one discrete RU may correspond to one continuous RU. For example, one discrete 26 - tone RU may correspond to one continuous 26 - tone RU, and one discrete 52 - tone RU may correspond to one continuous 52 - tone RU.

[0126] It can be naturally understood that a discrete RU may be obtained by discretely using a continuous RU specified by 802.11ax or 802.11be, or a discrete RU may be newly defined regardless of the continuous RU specified by 802.11ax or 802.11be.

[0127] When the allocation state of discrete RUs and continuous RUs is indicated, the same resource allocation indication information, for example, the same index, may indicate the allocated RUs. According to the protocol specification and whether it is in the discrete RU mode or the continuous RU mode, the transmitter and receiver determine whether the resource allocation indication information specifically represents a discrete RU or a continuous RU. In short, discrete RUs and continuous RUs may reuse the resource indication information.

[0128] In addition to the above, when discrete RUs are obtained based on continuous RUs, the continuous RUs may be referred to as VRUs, and the discrete RUs may be referred to as PRUs. In other words, the process of associating continuous RUs with discrete RUs may be referred to as the process of associating VRUs with PRUs. The above resource indication information may indicate the corresponding PRU by indicating the index of the VRU.

[0129] 3. Frequency Band In this application, the frequency band is a frequency band range, and the bandwidth, for example, 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, 160 MHz, 320 MHz, or 160 + 160 MHz, may also be referred to.

[0130] According to the IEEE 802.11ax protocol, bandwidths of 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, and 160 MHz can be divided into multiple types of resource units (RUs) including continuous 26-tone RUs, continuous 52-tone RUs, continuous 106-tone RUs, continuous 242-tone RUs (the maximum RUs for a 20 MHz bandwidth), continuous 484-tone RUs (the maximum RUs for a 40 MHz bandwidth), continuous 996-tone RUs (the maximum RUs for an 80 MHz bandwidth), and continuous 2×996-tone RUs (the maximum RUs for a 160 MHz bandwidth). The entire bandwidth may include, for example, guard subcarriers, null subcarriers, direct current (DC) subcarriers, pilot subcarriers, and data subcarriers.

[0131] In this application, it should be noted that the frequency band is the frequency band range occupied or covered by the allocated RUs, and the frequency band range does not correspond to the operating bandwidth or the system bandwidth. In practice, the frequency band range may be less than or equal to the operating bandwidth or the system bandwidth.

[0132] For example, the operating bandwidth or the system bandwidth may be 40 MHz, and one continuous RU allocated by the AP to the STA may be discrete within 40 MHz. In this case, the corresponding first frequency band of this solution means is 40 MHz. The continuous RU allocated by the AP to STA 1 may be discrete within the first 20 MHz range, and another continuous RU allocated to STA 2 may be discrete within the second 20 MHz range. In this case, for STA 1 and STA 2, the first frequency band occupied or covered by all subcarriers included in the discrete RUs allocated to STA 1 and STA 2 is 20 MHz for both. In a special example, the AP allocates discrete RU 1 and discrete RU 2 to STA 1. Discrete RU 1 is discrete within the first 20 MHz range, and discrete RU 2 is discrete within the second 20 MHz range. In this case, for STA 1, the first frequency band is determined based on the totality of the discrete RUs allocated to STA 1. Discrete RU 1 and discrete RU 2 allocated to STA 1 cover or occupy a bandwidth of 40 MHz. Therefore, the first frequency band is 40 MHz.

[0133] In another example, the AP allocates discrete RU 1 to STA 1 and discrete RU 2 to STA 2. Discrete RU 1 is discrete within the first 20 MHz range, and discrete RU 2 is discrete within the second 20 MHz range. In this case, for STA 1, the discrete RU 1 allocated to STA 1 covers or occupies a bandwidth of 20 MHz. Therefore, the first frequency band is 20 MHz. In this case, for STA 2, the discrete RU 1 allocated to STA 2 covers or occupies a bandwidth of 20 MHz. Therefore, the first frequency band is 20 MHz.

[0134] 4. Time unit The time unit may be a slot.

[0135] 5. Linear interpolation When a pilot signal and a data signal are transmitted through the same channel, pilot subcarriers may be used to track certain signal errors and correct such errors during demodulation at a receiver. This is sometimes referred to as pilot tracking, for example, tracking of signal amplitude, signal phase, or symbol timing. Usually, the algorithm commonly used for tracking is linear interpolation. Refer to FIG. 2 for an example of the use of linear interpolation. As shown in FIG. 2, the coordinate values (x0, y0) and (x1, y1) of two points are known. In order to obtain the value of the position x within the interval [x0, x1] on the straight line, the description of the equation of the straight line may first be obtained, and then x is substituted into the description of the equation to obtain y. The process of calculating x from y is the same. The x-axis corresponds to the carrier frequency value of the subcarrier, and the y-axis corresponds to the carrier frequency offset of the subcarrier, and (x0, y0) and (x1, y1) may be used as the carrier frequency values and carrier frequency offsets of different pilot subcarriers.

[0136] 6. Hadamard Matrix Hadamard matrix H n is a square matrix, the number of rows and the number of columns are the same, and both of these numbers are equal to the order n. The value of the element of the Hadamard matrix may be 1 or -1,

Number

[0137] It should be noted that in this application, the Hadamard matrix has the following characteristics.

[0138] The requirements of an orthogonal matrix are satisfied. Since the values of the elements of the Hadamard matrix may be 1 or -1, the transmission power is adjusted and the computational complexity is suppressed. A higher-order Hadamard matrix may be constructed using a known lower-order Hadamard matrix.

[0139] 7. P matrix In this application, the matrix P satisfies the following characteristics.

[0140] The requirements of an orthogonal matrix are satisfied. Separately from this, since the values of the elements of the P matrix may be 1 or -1, the transmission power is adjusted and the computational complexity is suppressed. A higher-order P matrix may be constructed using a known lower-order P matrix.

[0141] The above content briefly explains the meaning of the nouns (communication terms) in the embodiments of this application. In order to better understand the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application, the above content does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0142] Embodiments of the present application may be applied to scenarios of wireless local area network (WLAN), and may be applied to IEEE 802.11 system standards, such as 802.11a / b / g, 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, and next-generation standards, such as 802.11be. It can be naturally understood that it may also be applied to even more next-generation standards. Instead of this, embodiments of the present application may be applied to wireless local area network systems, such as the internet of things (IoT) network or vehicle-to-vehicle / vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2X) network. Naturally, embodiments of the present application may be further applied to other possible communication systems, such as the LTE system, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (TDD), universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system, and future 6G communication system.

[0143] Hereinafter, an example in which the embodiments of the present application are applicable to the WLAN scenario is used. It can be naturally understood that WLAN has evolved from the 802.11a / g standard and has gone through 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, and 802.11be described in this description. 802.11n may sometimes be referred to as high throughput (HT), 802.11ac may sometimes be referred to as very high throughput (VHT), 802.11ax may sometimes be referred to as high efficient (HE) or Wi-Fi 6, and 802.11be may sometimes be referred to as extremely high throughput (EHT) or Wi-Fi 7. Standards before HT, such as 802.11a / b / g, are collectively referred to as Non-HT.

[0144] FIG. 3 is a diagram of a WLAN network architecture according to an embodiment of the present application. In FIGS. 1A and 1B, a WLAN including one wireless access point (AP) and two stations (STA) is used as an example. The STA associated with the AP can receive the wireless frame sent by the AP and can also send the wireless frame to the AP. In addition to this, the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to communication between APs. For example, the APs may communicate with each other using a distributed system (DS). The embodiments of the present application are also applicable to communication between STAs. It can be naturally understood that the number of APs and STAs in FIGS. 1A and 1B is only an example. There may be more APs and STAs, or there may be fewer APs and STAs.

[0145] The STA of the present embodiment of this application may be a user terminal, user device, access device, subscriber station, subscriber unit, mobile station, user agent, user device, or another device having a wireless communication function. The user terminal may be a device having a wireless communication function, for example, a handheld device, in-vehicle device, wearable device, computing device, or another processing device connected to a wireless modem. Alternatively, the user terminal may be a user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), terminal, terminal equipment, portable communication device, handheld device, portable computing device, entertainment device, game device or system, global positioning system device, or any other suitable device in various forms configured to perform network communication via a wireless medium. For example, the STA may be a router, switch, bridge, etc. In this specification, for ease of explanation, the above devices are collectively referred to as a station or STA.

[0146] The AP and STA of the embodiments of the present application may be an AP and a STA applicable to the IEEE 802.11 system standard. The AP is a device deployed in a wireless communication network and provides a wireless communication function to the STA associated with the AP. The AP may be used as the center of the communication system and is usually a network-side product that supports the MAC and PHY of the 802.11 system standard, and may be, for example, a communication device such as a base station, a router, a gateway, a repeater, a communication server, a switch, or a bridge. The base station may include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, and the like. In this specification, for ease of explanation, the above devices are collectively referred to as an AP. The STA is usually a terminal product that supports the media access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) of the 802.11 system standard, such as a mobile phone or a notebook computer.

[0147] In addition to the above, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to multiple system architectures. The network architectures and service scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application and do not limit the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art will recognize that as the network architecture evolves and new service scenarios emerge, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0148] Separately from the above, the wireless access point, station, etc. in FIG. 3 may be implemented by one device, may be jointly implemented by multiple devices, or may be functional modules in one device. In the present embodiment of this application, this is not limited to a specific one. It can be understood that the above functions may be network elements in a hardware device, may be software functions that work with dedicated hardware, or may be virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (such as a cloud platform).

[0149] For example, each device in FIG. 3 may be implemented by the communication device 400 in FIG. 4. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a communication device applicable to the embodiment of this application. The communication device 400 includes at least one processor 401, a communication line 402, a memory 403, and at least one communication interface 404.

[0150] The processor 401 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to control the execution of the program of the solution means of this application.

[0151] The communication line 402 may include a channel for transmitting information between the above components.

[0152] The communication interface 404 is a device such as some kind of transceiver (such as an antenna), and is configured to communicate with another device or a communication network such as Ethernet, RAN, or wireless local area networks (WLAN).

[0153] The memory 403 may be a read-only memory (ROM) that can store static information and instructions, or another type of static storage device, or a random access memory (RAM) that can store information and instructions, or another type of dynamic storage device, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), or another compact disc storage, an optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium, or another magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store program code in the form of instructions or data structures and is accessible to a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory may exist independently or be connected to the processor through the communication line 402. Alternatively, the memory may be integrated with the processor. The memory provided in the embodiments of the present application may usually be non-volatile. The memory 403 is configured to store computer-executable instructions for implementing the solution means of the present application, and the processor 401 controls the execution. The processor 401 is configured to execute the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 403 to implement the method provided in the following embodiments of the present application.

[0154] Separately from the above, the computer-executable instructions of the present embodiment of the present application may sometimes also be referred to as application program code. In the present embodiment of the present application, this is not limited to a specific one.

[0155] In a possible implementation example, the processor 401 may include one or more CPUs. For example, it may include CPU 0 and CPU 1 in FIG. 4.

[0156] In a possible implementation example, the communication device 400 may include a plurality of processors. For example, it may include the processor 401 and the processor 407 in FIG. 4. Each of the processors may be a single-CPU processor or a multi-CPU processor. The processors in this specification may be one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores configured to process data (such as computer program instructions).

[0157] In a possible implementation example, the communication device 400 may further include an output device 405 and an input device 406. The output device 405 communicates with the processor 401 and may display information in a plurality of ways. For example, the output device 405 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, or a projector. The input device 406 communicates with the processor 401 and may receive user input in a plurality of ways. For example, the input device 406 may be a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, a sensing device, etc.

[0158] The above-mentioned communication device 400 may be a general-purpose device or a dedicated device. In a specific implementation example, the communication device 400 may be a portable computer, a network server, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal device, an embedded device, or a device having a structure similar to that in FIG. 4. In the present embodiment of this application, the type of the communication device 400 is not limited.

[0159] After the communication device is powered on, the processor 401 may read the software program in the memory 403, interpret and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program. When the data needs to be sent wirelessly, the processor 401 performs baseband processing on the data to be sent, and then outputs the baseband signal to the high-frequency circuit. The high-frequency circuit performs high-frequency processing on the baseband signal, and then sends the high-frequency signal in the form of electromagnetic waves using the antenna. When data is sent to the communication device, the high-frequency circuit receives the high-frequency signal using the antenna, converts the high-frequency signal into a baseband signal, outputs the baseband signal to the processor 401, and the processor 401 converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.

[0160] In another implementation example, the high-frequency circuit and the antenna may be arranged independently of the processor that performs baseband processing. For example, in a distributed scenario, the high-frequency circuit and the antenna may be individually arranged independently of the communication device.

[0161] In this application, it can be understood that the first device may be an AP and the second device may be an STA or an AP, or the first device may be an STA and the second device may be an STA. Hereinafter, the technical solution provided in the embodiment of this application will be described using an example in which the first device is an STA and the second device is an AP.

[0162] FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a pilot signal transmission method according to an embodiment of this application. FIG. 5 mainly solves the following problems existing in two ways in FIGS. 1A and 1B.

[0163] I. The pilot subcarrier is located near the data subcarrier, or the pilot subcarriers are sparsely distributed over a frequency band with a bandwidth of 20 MHz. Therefore, there may be problems such as narrowband interference and frequency-selective fading. As a result, the transmission of the pilot signal may be severely affected.

[0164] II. The pilot subcarriers are sparsely distributed over a frequency band having a bandwidth of 20 MHz. As a result, the result of linear difference may be inaccurate.

[0165] III. The phase difference between the distributed pilot subcarriers may exceed 2π, which means that the phases of the pilots are not in the same period. This may cause an error in the result of linear interpolation.

[0166] IV. The pilot subcarriers may be far away from some data subcarriers. As a result, the linear difference performed using the pilot subcarriers cannot accurately cover some data subcarriers at a far position. For example, in Method 2 of FIG. 1B, the pilot subcarriers are far away from some data subcarriers on the right side. As a result, the linear difference performed using the pilot subcarriers cannot accurately cover the data subcarriers on the right side.

[0167] As shown in FIG. 5, the method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps.

[0168] 501: The STA determines a first frequency band to which the discrete RU assigned to the STA belongs.

[0169] For the discrete RU, refer to the above related description. Details are not repeated in this specification. It can be understood that there may be one or more discrete RUs in this application. This is not limited in this specification.

[0170] The first frequency band to which the discrete RU belongs is the frequency band range occupied by the discrete RU after dispersion. The frequency band range may be, for example, 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, 160 MHz, 320 MHz, or 160 + 160 MHz. This is not limited in this specification.

[0171] It should be noted that in this application, the pilot subcarriers included in the continuous RUs assigned to the STA may or may not be involved in the association to be dispersed from the VRU to the PRU. This is not limited in this specification.

[0172] 502: The STA sends the first pilot signal of the STA to the AP using all the pilot subcarriers included in the first frequency band.

[0173] Separately from the above, the first pilot signal of the STA is a given matrix W and a column vector

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

[0174] In this application, Nu time units may be one period. The i-th column of W is used to control the pilot signal transmitted by Nu STAs in the i-th time unit. The j-th row of W is used to control the pilot signal transmitted by the j-th STA in Nu time units. i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Nu, and j is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Nu. It can be understood that W may be used to transmit pilot signals in each time unit of different periods. For the same STA in different periods

Number

Number

Number

Number

[0175] In this application, the value of each element of W may be any value. This is not limited in this specification. When considering the adjustment of transmission power or simplifying calculations, the value of each element of W may be 0, 1, or -1. The number of STAs that can simultaneously transmit pilot signals supported by W is Nu or less.

[0176] For example, W is the second-order Hadamard matrix H2,

Number

[0177] In this application,

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

[0178] Separately from the above, W is an orthogonal matrix, W is a 2×n-order Hadamard matrix H 2n and H 2n satisfies the following equation,

Number

Number

[0179] H n The values of the elements of may be 1 or -1, and P n×n The values of the elements of may be 1 or -1. This is not limited in this specification. Separately from the above, n is 1,

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

[0180] Separately from the above, in this application, W may be an a×b order Hadamard matrix H a×b and H a×b may be implemented using any one of the following solutions.

[0181] Solution A: H a Replace all elements that are 1 in with H b and replace all elements that are -1 in H a with -H b .

[0182] Solution B: H b Replace all elements that are 1 with H a and replace all elements that are -1 with -H b and replace all elements that are -1 with -H a .

[0183] H a is an a - th order Hadamard matrix, and H b is a b - th order Hadamard matrix, and the value of the elements of H a can be 1 or -1, and the value of the elements of H b can be 1 or -1, and both a and b are integers greater than or equal to 1.

[0184] In this application, it should be noted that W is a Hadamard matrix or a P - matrix of order Nu, and W can support Nu or fewer STAs and transmit corresponding pilot signals at all pilot sub - carriers on the same frequency band. For example, if 7 STAs need to be supported, W can be a Hadamard matrix or a P - matrix of order 8. The columns of the elements of the Hadamard matrix or P - matrix of order 8 can be any known values, for example, all 0s or all 1s. This is not limited in this specification. For example, the 8 - th column of the elements of the Hadamard matrix or P - matrix of order 8 can be any known value, for example, all 0s or all 1s. If 12 STAs need to be supported, W can be a Hadamard matrix or a P - matrix of order 16. Four columns of the elements of the Hadamard matrix or P - matrix of order 16 can be any known values, for example, all 0s or all 1s. This is not limited in this specification. For example, the 12 - th to 16 - th columns of the elements of the Hadamard matrix or P - matrix of order 16 can be any known values, for example, all 0s or all 1s. If 12 STAs need to be supported, W can, differently from the above, be a Hadamard matrix of order 12.

[0185] In this application, when W is a diagonal matrix, only one STA per time unit transmits pilot signals on all pilot subcarriers included in the first frequency band. For example, W is a diagonal matrix having two rows and two columns, that is,

Number

[0186] Refer to FIG. 6 for another example. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram in which only a single STA transmits a pilot signal in each time unit when the period is 4 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 6 (FIG. 6 shows only eight pilot subcarriers, and the other subcarriers are data subcarriers (white)), the horizontal axis in FIG. 6 is the first frequency band (subcarrier position), and the vertical axis is the time unit (there are a total of eight time units from top to bottom). Only one STA transmits pilot signals on all pilot subcarriers in each time unit. For example, in the first time unit, only station 1 transmits pilot signals on all pilot subcarriers. In the second time unit, only station 2 transmits pilot signals on all pilot subcarriers. In the third time unit, only station 3 transmits pilot signals on all pilot subcarriers.

[0187] Apart from the above, the first pilot signal of the STA is

Number

[0188] Separately from the above, the first pilot signal of the STA is

Number

Number

[0189] Separately from the above,

Number

Number

[0190] For example, refer to FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing different stations transmitting pilot signals using pilot subcarriers corresponding to different time units according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7 (FIG. 7 shows only eight pilot subcarriers, and the other subcarriers are data subcarriers (white)), the horizontal axis of FIG. 7 is the first frequency band (subcarrier position), and the vertical axis is the time unit (there are a total of eight time units from top to bottom). In 7-1 of FIG. 7, Station 1 transmits the pilot signal of Station 1, for example, the first pilot signal

Number

Number

Number

Number

[0191] In the above technical solution, by determining the first frequency band including the discrete RUs assigned to the STA, the STA may send the first pilot signal of the STA to the AP on all the pilot subcarriers included in the first frequency band, and it can be found that the first pilot signal may also be transmitted using the pilot subcarriers fixed and evenly distributed on the first frequency band. Thereby, problems such as narrowband interference and frequency-selective fading caused by sparsely distributing the pilot subcarriers on the frequency band are avoided, and the reliability of pilot signal transmission is improved. In this way, the result of linear difference becomes more accurate, and the problem that the result of linear difference becomes incorrect when the phases of the pilots are not in the same period is avoided, and the entire frequency band can be accurately covered by the linear difference implemented using the pilot subcarriers.

[0192] Separately from the above, the first pilot signals q of Nu STAs t satisfy the formula

Equation

Equation

Equation

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

[0193] It can be understood that the pilot signal transmitted by Nu STAs on the n - th pilot sub - carrier is the value of the n - th row of the elements of q t

[0194] ​For example, refer to FIG. 8. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a 20 MHz tone plan and a RU plan. As shown in FIG. 8, when the bandwidth is 20 MHz, the entire bandwidth may include one discrete 242-tone RU, or may include various combinations of discrete 26-tone RUs, discrete 52-tone RUs, and discrete 106-tone RUs. For example, 20 MHz may include nine discrete 26-tone RUs, 20 MHz may include four discrete 52-tone RUs and one discrete 26-tone RU, or 20 MHz may include two discrete 106-tone RUs and one discrete 26-tone RU. In addition to the above, as shown in FIG. 8, it can be found that the entire bandwidth may include 18 pilot subcarriers. When 20 MHz includes nine discrete 26-tone RUs, the discrete RU assigned to the STA is the third discrete 26-tone RU from left to right in the entire bandwidth, and the STA may transmit the first pilot signal using the 18 pilot subcarriers included in the entire bandwidth. It can be understood that when the other eight discrete 26-tone RUs are assigned to another STA, this other STA may also transmit the pilot signal using the 18 pilot subcarriers included in the entire bandwidth. In the present application, it should be noted that when the entire bandwidth includes discrete RUs assigned to multiple STAs, multiple STAs may simultaneously transmit the corresponding pilot signals using the 18 pilot subcarriers included in the entire bandwidth. Further, refer to FIG. 9. FIG. 9 is a diagram of a pilot transmission mode according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 9 (FIG. 9 shows only eight pilot subcarriers (gray), and the other subcarriers are data subcarriers (white)), the horizontal axis of FIG. 9 is the first frequency band (the position of the subcarriers), and the vertical axis is the time unit (there are a total of eight time units from top to bottom). In each time unit, the pilot signals of different STAs may be transmitted on each pilot subcarrier.For other large RUs, such as a discrete 484 - tone RU (the discrete 484 - tone RU includes 36 pilot sub - carriers), a discrete 996 - tone RU (the discrete 996 - tone RU includes 72 pilot sub - carriers), a discrete 2×996 - tone RU (the discrete 2×996 - tone RU includes discrete 996 - tone RUs that are continuous on two frequency bands and includes 144 pilot sub - carriers), and a discrete 4×996 - tone RU (the discrete 4×996 - tone RU includes discrete 996 - tone RUs that are continuous on four frequency bands and includes 288 pilot sub - carriers), it can be understood by referring to the way of transmitting the pilot signal in FIG. 8 or FIG. 9. Details are not described repeatedly in this specification.

[0195] Separately from the above, the first pilot signal of the STA occupies different pilot sub - carriers in different time units among Nu time units, and the total number of pilot sub - carriers occupied by the first pilot signal of the STA in Nu time units is the total number of pilot sub - carriers included in the first frequency band. The Nu time units are Nu time units within one period. In this application, it can be understood that the first pilot signals of different STAs transmitted in the same time unit among the Nu time units occupy different pilot sub - carriers. The first pilot signals of the same STA in different periods occupy the same pilot sub - carriers.

[0196] For example, refer to FIG. 10. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing different STAs transmitting pilot signals using an example where four stations occupy a discrete 242-tone RU (corresponding to a 20 MHz bandwidth, and the 20 MHz bandwidth includes a maximum of eight pilot subcarriers). As shown in FIG. 10 (FIG. 10 shows only eight pilot subcarriers, and the other subcarriers are data subcarriers (white)), the horizontal axis in FIG. 10 is the first frequency band (subcarrier position), and the vertical axis is in time units (there are a total of eight time units from top to bottom). It should be noted that the period in FIG. 10 is 4. For example, from the first time unit to the fourth time unit (from top to bottom on the vertical axis) in 10-1 of FIG. 10 is one period. In 10-1 or 10-3 of FIG. 10, within the period, the first pilot signals of the same station at different time units occupy different pilot subcarriers, and the total number of pilot subcarriers occupied by the first pilot signal of the same station in four time units is the total number of pilot subcarriers included in the first frequency band. As shown in 10-1 of FIG. 10, the pilot subcarriers occupied by the first pilot signal of station 1 in the first time unit are different from the pilot subcarriers occupied by the first pilot signal of station 1 in the third time unit, and the total number of pilot subcarriers occupied by the first pilot signal of station 1 in the first time unit and the pilot subcarriers occupied by the first pilot signal of station 1 in the third time unit is 8. In 10-1, 10-2, or 10-3 of FIG. 10, the first pilot signals of different stations at the same time unit occupy different pilot subcarriers. For example, in 10-2 of FIG. 10, in the first time unit, the pilot subcarriers occupied by the first pilot signal of station 1 are different from the pilot subcarriers occupied by the first pilot signal of station 2. Station 1 transmits the first pilot signal of station 1 on the first, second, fifth, and sixth pilot subcarriers (from left to right on the horizontal axis).Station 2 sends the first pilot signal of Station 2 on the third, fourth, seventh, and eighth pilot subcarriers (from left to right on the horizontal axis). In FIG. 10-1, FIG. 10-2, or FIG. 10-3 of FIG. 10, the first pilot signals of the same STA with different periods occupy the same pilot subcarriers. For example, in FIG. 10-2 of FIG. 10, in the first period (the first period includes from the first time unit to the fourth time unit), Station 1 sends the pilot signal on the first, second, fifth, and sixth pilot subcarriers. In the second period (the second period includes from the fifth time unit to the eighth time unit), Station 1 sends the pilot signal on the first, second, fifth, and sixth pilot subcarriers.

[0197] FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of another pilot signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that the technical problem solved in FIG. 11 is the same as the technical problem solved in FIG. 5. Details will not be repeatedly described herein. As shown in FIG. 11, the method includes the following steps, but is not limited thereto.

[0198] 1101: The STA determines the first frequency band to which the discrete RUs assigned to the STA belong. The first frequency band includes the pilot subcarriers of the first discrete RU group and the pilot subcarriers of the second discrete RU group, and the pilot subcarriers of the first discrete RU group and the pilot subcarriers of the second discrete RU group do not overlap.

[0199] The number of pilot subcarriers of the first discrete RU group may be the same as or different from the number of pilot subcarriers of the second discrete RU group. This is not limited herein. It can be understood that the first pilot signals of another STA may be further simultaneously sent on the pilot subcarriers of the first discrete RU group or the second discrete RU group. This is not limited herein.

[0200] 1102: The STA sends the first pilot signal of the STA to the AP on all pilot subcarriers of the first discrete RU group or the second discrete RU group.

[0201] Separately from the above, when the STA group to which the STA belongs corresponds to the first discrete RU group, the STA sends the first pilot signal of the STA to the AP on all pilot subcarriers of the first discrete RU group. The STA group to which the STA belongs may further include another STA. Another STA in the STA group to which the STA belongs may send the corresponding first pilot signal to the AP on all pilot subcarriers of the first discrete RU group. When the STA group to which the STA belongs corresponds to the second discrete RU group, the STA sends the first pilot signal of the STA to the AP on all pilot subcarriers of the second discrete RU group. The STA group to which the STA belongs may further include another STA. Another STA in the STA group to which the STA belongs may send the corresponding first pilot signal to the AP on all pilot subcarriers of the second discrete RU group.

[0202] It should be noted that in this application, the number of STAs included in different STA groups may be the same or different. This is not limited in this specification.

[0203] For example, when eight STAs occupy discrete 242 - tone RUs (equivalent to a 20 MHz bandwidth, and a 20 MHz bandwidth includes a maximum of eight pilot sub - carriers), the eight STAs may be divided into two groups, each group may include four STAs, and four pilot sub - carriers are assigned to each group. For example, the first to fourth pilot sub - carriers from left to right in the first frequency band are assigned to the first group, and the fifth to eighth pilot sub - carriers are assigned to the second group. The STAs in the first group send pilot signals on the first to fourth pilot sub - carriers, and the STAs in the second group send pilot signals on the fifth to eighth pilot sub - carriers. In another example, the first to sixth pilot sub - carriers from left to right in the first frequency band are assigned to the first group, and the seventh and eighth pilot sub - carriers are assigned to the second group. The STAs in the first group send pilot signals on the first to sixth pilot sub - carriers, and the STAs in the second group send pilot signals on the seventh and eighth pilot sub - carriers.

[0204] Alternatively, when an STA sends the first pilot signal of the STA to an AP on all the pilot sub - carriers of the first discrete RU group, the first pilot signal of the STA is W and

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

[0205] FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of a pilot signal demodulation method according to an embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that FIG. 12 mainly solves the problem of how to separate pilot signals transmitted by different STAs on the same pilot sub - carriers. As shown in FIG. 12, the method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps.

[0206] 1201: The AP receives the second pilot signals of at least two STAs on all pilot sub - carriers included in the first frequency band, and the first frequency band is the frequency band to which the discrete RUs assigned to at least two STAs belong.

[0207] For the first frequency band and discrete RUs, refer to the relevant description in step 501 of FIG. 5. Details are not described repeatedly in this specification.

[0208] The frequency bands to which the discrete RUs of at least two STAs belong are the same. In other words, the frequency bands to which the discrete RUs of at least two STAs belong are the first frequency band.

[0209] Separately from the above, the second pilot signal X of at least two STAs satisfies the following formula: X = G[s1s2s3…s Nu W or X = G[s1s2s3…s Nu W + Z. G is channel coefficients, Z is noise, and W satisfies the formula W = [w1, w2,…, w Nu , and w xis a column vector, x is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Nu, Nu is an integer greater than 1, W is used to control pilot signals transmitted by at least two STAs in Nu time units, the column index of W is the time unit index, and the row index of W is the device index. s k The number of columns of is the number of all pilot subcarriers included in the first frequency band, and s k The nth element of indicates the pilot signal corresponding to the kth STA among at least two STAs of the nth pilot subcarrier included in the first frequency band, n is greater than 0 and less than or equal to the number of columns of s k is an integer, k is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Nu, t is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and t is the time unit index.

[0210] In this application, G may be a channel parameter between the STA and the AP.

[0211] s k indicates that in different time units within the same period, the kth STA sends the same pilot signal on all pilot subcarriers included in the first frequency band. For example,

Number

[0212] For W, refer to the related description in step 502 of FIG. 5. Details are not described repeatedly in this specification.

[0213] 1202: The AP processes the second pilot signals of at least two STAs to obtain the first pilot signals sent by the at least two STAs.

[0214] Separately from the above, the first pilot signal sent by at least two STAs is [s1 s2 s3... s Nu W.

[0215] Separately from the above, for some or all of the column vectors of [s1s2s3…s Nu , some of the elements are set to zero. For example, for each column vector from s1 to s NU , some of the elements are set to zero, or for some of the column vectors from s1 to s NU , some of the elements of some of the column vectors are set to zero.

[0216] AP can obtain G*XW according to X = G[s1s2s3…s Nu W. Since W can be obtained based on W (W is invertible), G*XW -1 , G*G, and WW Nu can be obtained, and it can be understood that [s1s2s3…s -1 can be further obtained. -1 can be obtained. -1 , G*G, and WW -1 can be obtained, and it can be understood that [s1s2s3…s Nu can be further obtained.

[0217] Separately from the above, when W is an orthogonal matrix, AP can obtain G*XW* = G*G[s1s2s3…s Nu W according to X = G[s1s2s3…s Nu WW*. Since W is an orthogonal matrix and WW* is an identity matrix, G*XW* = G*G[s1s2s3…s Nu can be obtained, and [s1s2s3…s Nu can be further obtained.

[0218] In the above technical solution, since AP can receive the second pilot signals of at least two STAs on all pilot subcarriers included in the first frequency band, AP can process the second pilot signals of at least two STAs to obtain the first pilot signals sent by each STA, and thereby, it can be found that the pilot signals of a single STA can be separated.

[0219] Separately from the above, the first pilot signal of one of at least two first devices occupies different pilot subcarriers in different time units among Nu time units, and the total number of pilot subcarriers occupied by the first pilot signal of one first device in Nu time units is the total number of pilot subcarriers included in the first frequency band.

[0220] FIG. 13 is a schematic flowchart of another pilot signal demodulation method according to an embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that FIG. 13 mainly solves the problem of how to separate pilot signals transmitted by different STAs using the same pilot subcarriers. As shown in FIG. 13, the method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps.

[0221] 1301: The AP receives the second pilot signals of at least two STAs on all pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete RU group or the second discrete RU group, where the first discrete RU group or the second discrete RU group is included in the first frequency band, and the first frequency band is the frequency band to which the discrete RUs assigned to at least two STAs belong.

[0222] The frequency bands to which the discrete RUs of at least two STAs belong are the same. In other words, the frequency bands to which the discrete RUs of at least two STAs belong are the first frequency band.

[0223] Separately from the above, when the STA group to which at least two STAs belong corresponds to the first discrete RU group, the AP receives the second pilot signals of at least two STAs on all pilot subcarriers of the first discrete RU group. When the STA group to which at least two STAs belong corresponds to the second discrete RU group, the AP receives the second pilot signals of at least two STAs on all pilot subcarriers of the second discrete RU group.

[0224] For the second pilot signal of at least two STAs, refer to the relevant description in step 1201 of FIG. 12. Details are not repeated herein. In FIG. 13, the number of columns of s k is the number of all pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete RU group, and there is a difference in that the nth element of s k indicates the pilot signal corresponding to the kth STA among at least two STAs for the nth pilot subcarrier included in the first discrete RU group. Instead of this, the number of columns of s k is the number of all pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete RU group, and the nth element of s k indicates the pilot signal corresponding to the kth STA among at least two STAs for the nth pilot subcarrier included in the second discrete RU group.

[0225] 1302: The AP processes the second pilot signals of at least two STAs to obtain the first pilot signals sent by the at least two STAs.

[0226] For the first discrete RU group and the second discrete RU group, refer to the relevant description in step 501 of FIG. 5. Details are not repeated herein.

[0227] Separately from the above, when the STA group to which at least two STAs belong corresponds to the first discrete RU group, the AP receives the second pilot signals of the at least two STAs with all pilot subcarriers of the first discrete RU group. When the STA group to which at least two STAs belong corresponds to the second discrete RU group, the AP receives the second pilot signals of the at least two STAs with all pilot subcarriers of the second discrete RU group.

[0228] For the first pilot signal sent by at least two STAs, refer to the relevant description in step 1202 of FIG. 12. Details are not repeated herein.

[0229] In the above technical solution, since the AP can receive the second pilot signals of at least two STAs on all pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete RU group or the second discrete RU group, the AP can process the second pilot signals of at least two STAs to obtain the first pilot signals sent by each STA, and thereby, it can be found that the pilot signals of a single STA can be separated.

[0230] In the present application, it can be understood that the technical problems mainly solved in FIGS. 14, 16 and 17 are the same as the technical problems solved in FIG. 5. Details are not described repeatedly in this specification.

[0231] FIG. 14 is a schematic flowchart of a method for sending data in a wireless network according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 14, the method includes the following steps, but is not limited thereto.

[0232] 1401: The STA determines the discrete RUs assigned to the STA. The discrete RUs include data subcarriers and pilot subcarriers. All subcarriers of one discrete RU are distributed on a first frequency band. The size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz. The first frequency band includes a maximum of 18 pilot subcarriers that are spaced apart. The number of pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU is 2 or more. At least two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU are spaced apart by at least M pilot subcarriers.

[0233] Refer to the above related description for discrete RUs. Details are not described repeatedly in this specification. It can be understood that there may be one or more discrete RUs in the present application. This is not limited in this specification.

[0234] The fact that the size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz can be understood as the first frequency band corresponding to a continuous 242-tone RU in terms of size. This is not limited in this specification.

[0235] M may be 9.

[0236] 1402: The AP receives a physical protocol data unit (PPDU) in discrete RUs.

[0237] Correspondingly, the STA sends the PPDU in discrete RUs.

[0238] Separately from the above, step 1402 may include the AP receiving the PPDU from the STA in discrete RUs. Correspondingly, the STA sends the PPDU to the AP in discrete RUs.

[0239] In the above technical solution, all subcarriers of the discrete RUs assigned to the STA are dispersed on a 20 MHz frequency band, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete RUs are separated by at least M pilot subcarriers, so that it can be found that the dispersion of the pilot subcarriers is more discrete to solve problems such as narrowband interference and frequency selective fading. In this way, the result of linear difference becomes more accurate, the problem that the result of linear difference becomes incorrect when the phases of the pilots are not in the same period is avoided, and the entire frequency band can be accurately covered by the linear difference implemented using the pilot subcarriers. In addition to the above, sending the PPDU in discrete RUs is also implemented.

[0240] Separately from the above, up to 18 pilot subcarriers that are spaced apart within the first frequency band are the same as the pilot subcarriers in the continuous RU mode. Specifically, refer to Table 1. Table 1 explains the indices of 18 pilot subcarriers corresponding to an example where the size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz. In this application, the sequence index of the pilot subcarriers may be the index of all the pilot subcarriers in the frequency band range, and the frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers is a realistic index of all the subcarriers included in the frequency band range. In addition to this, it should be noted that the indices listed by all the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers in this application are only examples. In a specific implementation example, the indices of the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers similar to the examples in this application may also be used, which are only examples, and may be -116, -102, -90, -76, -62, etc. in Table 1, and may also be -117, -103, -91, -77, -63, etc. The indices of the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers in other tables and descriptions are the same as the above, which fall within the coverage range of the specific embodiments of this application as long as the frequency band index satisfies the interval rule described in this application. For the sake of easy explanation, it can be naturally understood that in this application, the sequence index of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to the frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers is used to explain some relationships and interval rules satisfied between the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers. This does not indicate that it is necessary to number the pilot subcarriers using the sequence index.

[0241]

Table 1

[0242] The frequency band indexes of the 18 pilot subcarriers in Table 1 are the same as those of the pilot subcarriers in the continuous RU mode. For example, the frequency band index of the first pilot subcarrier from left to right in the first frequency band may be -116, and the frequency band index of the second pilot subcarrier from left to right in the first frequency band may be -102. Refer to Table 1 for the frequency band indexes of other pilot subcarriers. Details are not described repeatedly in this specification. It can be understood that the sequence indexes of the 18 pilot subcarriers correspond one-to-one with the frequency band indexes of the 18 pilot subcarriers. For example, the sequence index 1 of the pilot subcarrier corresponds to the frequency band index -116 of the pilot subcarrier. The sequence indexes of the 18 pilot subcarriers in Table 1 are consecutive numbers from left to right of the 18 pilot subcarriers in the first frequency band when the size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz. Refer to FIG. 15 for example. FIG. 15 shows the sequence indexes of the 18 pilot subcarriers corresponding to the case where the size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz. As shown in FIG. 15, the sequence index of the first pilot subcarrier from left to right may be 1, and the sequence index of the second pilot subcarrier from left to right may be 2. Refer to FIG. 15 for the sequence indexes of other pilot subcarriers. Details are not described repeatedly in this specification. In this application, it can be understood that the sequence index of the pilot subcarrier is a consecutive number from left to right of the pilot subcarriers in the first frequency band.

[0243] Separately from the above, one discrete RU corresponds to one continuous RU, one continuous RU includes at least two pilot subcarriers, and there is a common set between the indexes of the pilot subcarriers of one discrete RU and the indexes of the pilot subcarriers of the continuous RU.

[0244] For example, the sequence index of the pilot subcarriers of one discrete RU may be one of, for example, {1,11}, {2,12}, {3,13}, {4,14}, {5,15}, {6,16}, {7,17}, {8,18}, and {9,10}. In other words, the frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers of one discrete RU may be one of, for example, {-116,22}, {-90,48}, {-62,76}, {-36,102}, {-10,10}, {-102,36}, {-76,62}, {-48,90}, and {-22,116}. The frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers of one continuous RU may be one of, for example, {-116,-102}, {-90,-76}, {-62,-48}, {-36,-22}, {-10,10}, {22,36}, {48,62}, {76,90}, and {102,116}. When the frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers of one discrete RU is {-116,22} and the frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers of one continuous RU corresponding to the discrete RU is {-116,-102}, there is a common set between the index of the pilot subcarriers of the discrete RU and the index of the pilot subcarriers of the continuous RU.

[0245] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 26-tone RU, the discrete 26-tone RU includes 24 data subcarriers and 2 pilot subcarriers, and the 2 pilot subcarriers are separated by at least 9 pilot subcarriers.

[0246] For example, refer to Table 2. Table 2 illustrates the correspondence between a discrete 26-tone RU and the sequence indices of two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU when the size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz. In this application, it should be noted that one discrete RU corresponds to one continuous RU. In other words, there is also a correspondence between one continuous RU and the sequence indices of two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU. In Table 2, the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 1 corresponds to the sequence indices {1,11} of the pilot subcarriers. In this case, the continuous 26-tone RU corresponding to the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 1 may also correspond to the sequence indices {1,11} of the pilot subcarriers.

[0247] [Table 2]

[0248] Regarding Table 2, it can be found that the intervals between the sequence indices of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to discrete 26-tone RUs other than the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 5 are all 10. In other words, two pilot subcarriers included in a discrete 26-tone RU are separated by 10 pilot subcarriers. In this application, the index of a discrete 26-tone RU is the consecutive number from left to right of the discrete 26-tone RUs in the first frequency band. For example, the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 1 is the first discrete 26-tone RU from left to right in the first frequency band, and the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 2 is the second discrete 26-tone RU from left to right in the first frequency band. In this application, it can be understood that the sequence indices of the pilot subcarriers specifically corresponding to discrete 26-tone RUs other than the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 5 are not limited herein. For example, the sequence index of the pilot subcarrier corresponding to the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 1 may be one of {1,11}, {2,12}, {3,13}, {4,14}, {5,15}, {6,16}, {7,17}, and {8,18}, and the sequence index of the pilot subcarrier corresponding to the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 2 may be one of {1,11}, {2,12}, {3,13}, {4,14}, {5,15}, {6,16}, {7,17}, and {8,18}. It should be noted that discrete 26-tone RUs with different indices correspond to different sequence indices of the pilot subcarriers in this application. For example, refer to Table 3. Table 3 illustrates another correspondence between discrete 26-tone RUs and the sequence indices of two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RUs when the size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz. Regarding Table 3, it can be found that the intervals between the sequence indices of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to discrete 26-tone RUs other than the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 5 are all 10.In other words, two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU are separated by ten pilot subcarriers.

[0249]

Table 3

[0250] For example, refer to Table 4. Table 4 illustrates another correspondence between the discrete 26-tone RU and the sequence index of two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU when the size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz.

[0251]

Table 4

[0252] Regarding Table 4, it can be found that the interval between the sequence indices of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to the indices of the nine discrete 26-tone RUs is all 9. In other words, two pilot subcarriers included in the nine discrete 26-tone RUs are separated by nine pilot subcarriers. In this application, it can be understood that the sequence index of the pilot subcarrier corresponding to each discrete 26-tone RU of the nine discrete 26-tone RUs is not limited herein. For example, the sequence index of the pilot subcarrier corresponding to the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 1 may be one of {1,10}, {2,11}, {3,12}, {4,13}, {5,14}, {6,15}, {7,16}, {8,17}, and {9,18}, and the sequence index of the pilot subcarrier corresponding to the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 2 may also be one of {1,10}, {2,11}, {3,12}, {4,13}, {5,14}, {6,15}, {7,16}, {8,17}, and {9,18}. In this application, it should be noted that discrete 26-tone RUs with different indices correspond to different sequence indices of the pilot subcarriers. For example, refer to Table 5. Table 5 illustrates another correspondence between the discrete 26-tone RUs and the sequence indices of the two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RUs when the size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz. Regarding Table 5, it can be found that the interval between the sequence indices of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to the indices of the nine discrete 26-tone RUs is all 9. In other words, two pilot subcarriers included in the nine discrete 26-tone RUs are separated by nine pilot subcarriers.

[0253]

Table 5

[0254] Separately from the above, in the present application, the number of pilot subcarriers between two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete 26-tone RU of the first frequency band is not limited. For example, two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete 26-tone RU of the first frequency band may be separated by 11 pilot subcarriers, or two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete 26-tone RU of the first frequency band may be separated by 8 pilot subcarriers.

[0255] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a 52-tone RU, the discrete 52-tone RU includes two discrete 26-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 52-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the two discrete 26-tone RUs.

[0256] For example, refer to Table 6. Table 6 explains the correspondence between the discrete 52-tone RU and the index of the discrete 26-tone RU included in the discrete 52-tone RU when the size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz.

[0257]

Table 6

[0258] Regarding Table 6, it can be found that the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 1 corresponds to the discrete 26-tone RUs with indices of 1 and 2, the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 2 corresponds to the discrete 26-tone RUs with indices of 3 and 4, the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 3 corresponds to the discrete 26-tone RUs with indices of 6 and 7, and the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 4 corresponds to the discrete 26-tone RUs with indices of 8 and 9. In this application, the index of the discrete 52-tone RU is the consecutive number from left to right of the discrete 52-tone RUs in the first frequency band. For example, the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 1 is the first discrete 52-tone RU from left to right in the first frequency band, and the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 2 is the second discrete 52-tone RU from left to right in the first frequency band. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 1 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 1 and the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 2. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 2 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 3 and the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 4. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 3 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 6 and the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 7. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 4 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 8 and the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 9.

[0259] For example, the sequence index of pilot subcarriers included in a discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 1 may be one of, for example, {1, 3, 11, 13}, {1, 11}, {3, 13}, etc. This is not limited in this specification. In other words, the pilot subcarriers of a discrete 52-tone RU may include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of two discrete 26-tone RUs.

[0260] Apart from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 52-tone RU, the discrete 52-tone RU includes at least 48 data subcarriers, the number of pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU is 2 or more and 4 or less, and at least two of the maximum 4 pilot subcarriers are separated by at least 9 pilot subcarriers.

[0261] Apart from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 106-tone RU, the discrete 106-tone RU includes 4 discrete 26-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 106-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the 4 discrete 26-tone RUs.

[0262] For example, refer to Table 7. Table 7 illustrates the correspondence between a discrete 106-tone RU and the indices of the discrete 26-tone RUs included in the discrete 106-tone RU when the size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz.

[0263]

Table 7

[0264] Regarding Table 7, it can be found that the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 1 corresponds to the discrete 26-tone RUs with indices of 1, 2, 3, and 4, and the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 2 corresponds to the discrete 26-tone RUs with indices of 6, 7, 8, and 9. In this application, the index of the discrete 106-tone RU is the consecutive number from left to right of the discrete 106-tone RUs in the first frequency band. For example, the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 1 is the first discrete 106-tone RU from left to right in the first frequency band, and the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 2 is the second discrete 106-tone RU from left to right in the first frequency band. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 1 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 1, the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 2, the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 3, and the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 4. It can be understood that the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 2 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 6, the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 7, the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 8, and the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 9.

[0265] For example, the sequence index of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 1 may be one of, for example, {1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 15, 17}, {1, 3, 11, 13}, etc. This is not limited in this specification. In other words, the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 106-tone RU may include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the four discrete 26-tone RUs.

[0266] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 106-tone RU, the discrete 106-tone RU includes two discrete 52-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 106-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the two discrete 52-tone RUs.

[0267] For example, refer to Table 8. Table 8 illustrates the correspondence between the discrete 106-tone RU and the indexes of the discrete 52-tone RUs included in the discrete 106-tone RU when the size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz.

[0268]

Table 8

[0269] Regarding Table 8, it can be found that the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 1 corresponds to the discrete 52-tone RUs with indexes of 1 and 2, and the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 2 corresponds to the discrete 52-tone RUs with indexes of 3 and 4. It can be understood that the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 1 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 1 and the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 2, and the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 2 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 3 and the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 4.

[0270] For example, the sequence index of pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 1 may be one of, for example, {1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 15, 17}, {1, 3, 11, 13}, etc. This is not limited in this specification. In other words, the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 106-tone RU may include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of two discrete 52-tone RUs.

[0271] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 106-tone RU, the number of data subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU is 98 or more, the number of pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU is 2 or more and 8 or less, and at least two of the up to eight pilot subcarriers are separated by at least nine pilot subcarriers.

[0272] Separately from the above, the number of data subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU may be, for example, 102, and the number of pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU may be, for example, 4. This is not limited in this specification.

[0273] In this application, it should be noted that based on the one-to-one correspondence between the sequence index of 18 pilot subcarriers and the frequency band index of 18 pilot subcarriers in Table 1, the frequency band index of pilot subcarriers corresponding to different discrete RUs may be obtained when the first frequency band is 20 MHz.

[0274] For example, regarding Table 2, the frequency band index of pilot subcarriers corresponding to different discrete RUs may be obtained when the first frequency band is 20 MHz. Specifically, refer to Table 9. Table 9 describes the frequency band index of pilot subcarriers corresponding to different discrete RUs when the size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz.

[0275]

Table 9

[0276] Regarding Table 9, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 1) are {-116, 22}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 2) are {-90, 48}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the third discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 3) are {-62, 76}, and it can be found that the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 26-tone RUs are estimated by analogy. Details are not described herein. The frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 52-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 1) are a subset or the entire set of {-116, 22, -90, 48}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 52-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 2) are a subset or the entire set of {-62, 76, -36, 102}, and the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 52-tone RUs are estimated by analogy. Details are not repeated herein. The frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 106-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 1) are a subset or the entire set of {-116, 22, -90, 48, -62, 76, -36, 102}, and the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 106-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 2) are a subset or the entire set of {-102, 36, -76, 62, -48, 90, -22, 116}.

[0277] For example, regarding Table 3, the frequency band indexes of pilot subcarriers corresponding to different discrete RUs may be obtained when the first frequency band is 20 MHz. Specifically, refer to Table 10. Table 10 describes the other frequency band indexes of pilot subcarriers corresponding to different discrete RUs when the size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz.

[0278] [Table 10]

[0279] Regarding Table 10, it can be found that the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 1) are {-102, 36}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 2) are {-76, 62}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the third discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 3) are {-48, 90}, and the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 26-tone RUs can be estimated by analogy. Details are not described in this specification. The frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 52-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 1) are a subset or the entire set of {-102, 36, -76, 62}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 52-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 2) are a subset or the entire set of {-48, 90, -22, 116}, and the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 52-tone RUs are estimated by analogy. Details are not repeatedly described in this specification. The frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 106-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 1) are a subset or the entire set of {-102, 36, -76, 62, -48, 90, -22, 116}, and the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 106-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 2) are a subset or the entire set of {-116, 22, -90, 48, -62, 76, -36, 102}.

[0280] For example, regarding Table 4, the frequency band indices of pilot subcarriers corresponding to different discrete RUs may be obtained when the first frequency band is 20 MHz. Specifically, refer to Table 11. Table 11 describes the other frequency band indices of pilot subcarriers corresponding to different discrete RUs when the size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz.

[0281] [Table 11]

[0282] Regarding Table 11, it can be found that the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with index 1) are {-116, 10}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with index 2) are {-90, 36}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the third discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with index 3) are {-62, 62}, and the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 26-tone RUs can be estimated by analogy. Details are not described herein. The frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 52-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 52-tone RU with index 1) are a subset or the entire set of {-116, 10, -90, 36}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 52-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 52-tone RU with index 2) are a subset or the entire set of {-62, 62, -36, 90}, and the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 52-tone RUs are estimated by analogy. Details are not repeatedly described herein. The frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 106-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 106-tone RU with index 1) are a subset or the entire set of {-116, 10, -90, 36, -62, 62, -36, 90}, and the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 106-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 106-tone RU with index 2) are a subset or the entire set of {-102, 22, -76, 48, -48, 76, -22, 102}.

[0283] For example, regarding Table 5, even if the frequency band indices of pilot subcarriers corresponding to different discrete RUs are obtained when the first frequency band is 20 MHz. Specifically, refer to Table 12. Table 12 describes the other frequency band indices of pilot subcarriers corresponding to different discrete RUs when the size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz.

[0284] [Table 12]

[0285] Regarding Table 12, it can be found that the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 1) are {-102, 22}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 2) are {-76, 48}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the third discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 3) are {-48, 76}, and the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 26-tone RUs can be estimated by analogy. Details are not described herein. The frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 52-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 1) are a subset or the entire set of {-102, 22, -76, 48}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 52-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 2) are a subset or the entire set of {-48, 76, -22, 102}, and the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 52-tone RUs are estimated by analogy. Details are not repeated herein. The frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 106-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 1) are a subset or the entire set of {-102, 22, -76, 48, -48, 76, -22, 102}, and the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 106-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 2) are a subset or the entire set of {-90, 36, -62, 62, -36, 90, -10, 116}.

[0286] FIG. 16 is a schematic flowchart of another method for sending data in a wireless network according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 16, the method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps.

[0287] 1601: The STA determines discrete RUs assigned to the STA, where the discrete RUs include data subcarriers and pilot subcarriers, all subcarriers of one discrete RU are distributed over a first frequency band, the size of the first frequency band is 40 MHz, the first frequency band includes a maximum of 36 pilot subcarriers that are spaced apart, the number of pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU is 2 or more, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU are spaced apart by at least M pilot subcarriers.

[0288] Refer to the above related description for discrete RUs. Details are not described repeatedly in this specification. It can be understood that there may be one or more discrete RUs in the present application. This is not limited in this specification.

[0289] The fact that the size of the first frequency band is 40 MHz can be understood as meaning that the first frequency band corresponds to a continuous 484-tone RU in terms of size. This is not limited in this specification.

[0290] M may be 18.

[0291] 1602: The AP receives a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) in the discrete RU.

[0292] Correspondingly, the STA sends the PPDU in the discrete RU.

[0293] Alternatively, step 1602 may include the AP receiving the PPDU from the STA in the discrete RU. Correspondingly, the STA sends the PPDU to the AP in the discrete RU.

[0294] In the above technical solution, all subcarriers of the discrete RUs assigned to the STA are dispersed over a 40 MHz frequency band, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete RUs are spaced apart by at least M pilot subcarriers, so that it can be found that the dispersion of the pilot subcarriers is more discrete to solve problems such as narrowband interference and frequency selective fading. In this way, the result of the linear difference becomes more accurate, the problem that the result of the linear difference becomes incorrect when the phases of the pilots are not in the same period is avoided, and the entire frequency band can be accurately covered by the linear difference implemented using the pilot subcarriers. In addition to the above, sending the PPDU with discrete RUs is also implemented.

[0295] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 26-tone RU, the discrete 26-tone RU includes 24 data subcarriers and 2 pilot subcarriers, and the 2 pilot subcarriers are spaced apart by at least 18 pilot subcarriers.

[0296] For example, refer to Table 13. Table 13 explains the correspondence between the discrete 26-tone RU and the sequence indexes of the 2 pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU when the size of the first frequency band is 40 MHz.

[0297]

Table 13

[0298] Regarding Table 13, it can be found that the intervals between the sequence indices of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 5 and the discrete 26-tone RUs other than the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 14 are all 18. In other words, two pilot subcarriers included in a discrete 26-tone RU are separated by 18 pilot subcarriers. In this application, it can be understood that the sequence indices of the pilot subcarriers specifically corresponding to the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 5 and the discrete 26-tone RUs other than the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 14 are not limited in this specification. For example, the sequence index of the pilot subcarrier corresponding to the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 1 may be one of {1,19}, {2,20}, {3,21}, {4,22}, {5,23}, {6,24}, {7,25}, {8,26}, {11,29}, {12,30}, {13,31}, {14,32}, {15,33}, {16,34}, {17,35}, and {18,36}, and the sequence index of the pilot subcarrier corresponding to the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 2 may be one of {1,19}, {2,20}, {3,21}, {4,22}, {5,23}, {6,24}, {7,25}, {8,26}, {11,29}, {12,30}, {13,31}, {14,32}, {15,33}, {16,34}, {17,35}, and {18,36}. It should be noted that in this application, discrete 26-tone RUs with different indices correspond to different sequence indices of the pilot subcarriers. For example, refer to Table 14. Table 14 illustrates another correspondence between the discrete 26-tone RUs and the sequence indices of two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RUs when the size of the first frequency band is 40 MHz.Regarding Table 14, it can be found that the interval between the sequence indices of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 5 and the discrete 26-tone RUs other than the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 14 is all 18. In other words, two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU are separated by 18 pilot subcarriers.

[0299]

Table 14

[0300] For example, refer to Table 15. Table 15 illustrates another correspondence between the discrete 26-tone RU and the sequence indices of two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU when the size of the first frequency band is 40 MHz.

[0301]

Table 15

[0302] For Table 15, it can be found that the intervals between the sequence indices of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to the indices of 18 discrete 26-tone RUs are all 18. In other words, two pilot subcarriers included in 18 discrete 26-tone RUs are separated by 18 pilot subcarriers. In this application, it can be understood that the sequence indices of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to each of the 18 discrete 26-tone RUs are not limited herein. For example, the sequence index of the pilot subcarrier corresponding to the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 1 may be one of {1,19}, {2,20}, {3,21}, {4,22}, {5,23}, {6,24}, {7,25}, {8,26}, {9,27}, {10,28}, {11,29}, {12,30}, {13,31}, {14,32}, {15,33}, {16,34}, {17,35}, and {18,36}, and the sequence index of the pilot subcarrier corresponding to the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 2 may be one of {1,19}, {2,20}, {3,21}, {4,22}, {5,23}, {6,24}, {7,25}, {8,26}, {9,27}, {10,28}, {11,29}, {12,30}, {13,31}, {14,32}, {15,33}, {16,34}, {17,35}, and {18,36}. In this application, it should be noted that discrete 26-tone RUs with different indices correspond to different sequence indices of pilot subcarriers. For example, refer to Table 16. Table 16 illustrates another correspondence between discrete 26-tone RUs and the sequence indices of two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RUs when the size of the first frequency band is 40 MHz. For Table 16, it can be found that the intervals between the sequence indices of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to the indices of 18 discrete 26-tone RUs are all 18.In other words, two pilot subcarriers included in 18 discrete 26-tone RUs are separated by 18 pilot subcarriers.

[0303]

Table 16

[0304] Separately from the above, in the present application, the number of pilot subcarriers between two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete 26-tone RU in the first frequency band is not limited. For example, two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete 26-tone RU in the first frequency band may be separated by 16 pilot subcarriers, or two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete 26-tone RU in the first frequency band may be separated by 17 pilot subcarriers, or two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete 26-tone RU in the first frequency band may be separated by 19 pilot subcarriers, or two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete 26-tone RU in the first frequency band may be separated by 20 pilot subcarriers.

[0305] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 52-tone RU, the discrete 52-tone RU includes two discrete 26-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 52-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the two discrete 26-tone RUs.

[0306] For example, refer to Table 17. Table 17 illustrates the correspondence between the discrete 52-tone RU and the indexes of the discrete 26-tone RUs included in the discrete 52-tone RU when the size of the first frequency band is 40 MHz.

[0307]

Table 17

[0308] Regarding Table 17, it can be found that the discrete 52-tone RU with index 1 corresponds to the discrete 26-tone RUs with indices 1 and 2, the discrete 52-tone RU with index 2 corresponds to the discrete 26-tone RUs with indices 3 and 4, the discrete 52-tone RU with index 3 corresponds to the discrete 26-tone RUs with indices 6 and 7, the discrete 52-tone RU with index 4 corresponds to the discrete 26-tone RUs with indices 8 and 9, and the frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 52-tone RUs can be estimated by analogy. Details are not described herein. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU with index 1 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU with index 1 and the discrete 26-tone RU with index 2. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU with index 2 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU with index 3 and the discrete 26-tone RU with index 4. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU with index 3 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU with index 6 and the discrete 26-tone RU with index 7. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU with index 4 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU with index 8 and the discrete 26-tone RU with index 9. It can be understood that the frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 52-tone RUs can be estimated by analogy. Details are not described herein.

[0309] For example, the sequence index of pilot subcarriers included in a discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 1 may be one of, for example, {1, 3, 19, 21}, {1, 19}, {3, 21}, {1, 21}, {3, 19}, etc. This is not limited in this specification. In other words, the pilot subcarriers of a discrete 52-tone RU may include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of two discrete 26-tone RUs.

[0310] Alternatively, the discrete RU is a discrete 52-tone RU, the discrete 52-tone RU includes at least 48 data subcarriers, the number of pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU is 2 or more and 4 or less, and at least two of the maximum four pilot subcarriers are separated by at least 18 pilot subcarriers.

[0311] Alternatively, the discrete RU is a discrete 106-tone RU, the discrete 106-tone RU includes four discrete 26-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 106-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the four discrete 26-tone RUs.

[0312] For example, refer to Table 18. Table 18 illustrates the correspondence between a discrete 106-tone RU and the indices of the discrete 26-tone RUs included in the discrete 106-tone RU when the size of the first frequency band is 40 MHz.

[0313]

Table 18

[0314] Regarding Table 18, it can be found that the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 1 corresponds to the discrete 26-tone RUs with indices of 1, 2, 3, and 4, and the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 2 corresponds to the discrete 26-tone RUs with indices of 6, 7, 8, and 9, and the other discrete 106-tone RUs can be estimated by analogy. Details are not described herein. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 1 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 1, the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 2, the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 3, and the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 4. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 2 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 6, the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 7, the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 8, and the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 9. It can be understood that the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 106-tone RUs can be estimated by analogy. Details are not described herein.

[0315] For example, the sequence index of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 1 may be one of, for example, {1, 3, 5, 7, 19, 21, 23, 25}, {1, 3, 19, 21}, {5, 7, 23, 25}, {1, 5, 19, 23}, {3, 7, 21, 25}, {1, 7, 19, 25}, {3, 5, 21, 23}, etc. This is not limited herein. In other words, the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 106-tone RU may include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the four discrete 26-tone RUs.

[0316] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 106-tone RU, the discrete 106-tone RU includes two discrete 52-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 106-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the two discrete 52-tone RUs.

[0317] For example, refer to Table 19. Table 19 illustrates the correspondence between the discrete 106-tone RU and the indexes of the discrete 52-tone RUs included in the discrete 106-tone RU when the size of the first frequency band is 40 MHz.

[0318]

Table 19

[0319] Regarding Table 19, it can be found that the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 1 corresponds to the discrete 52-tone RUs with indexes of 1 and 2, the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 2 corresponds to the discrete 52-tone RUs with indexes of 3 and 4, and the other discrete 106-tone RUs can be estimated by analogy. Details are not described in this specification. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 1 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 1 and the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 2. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 2 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 3 and the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 4. It can be understood that the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 106-tone RUs can be estimated by analogy. Details are not described in this specification.

[0320] For example, the sequence index of pilot subcarriers included in a discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 1 may be one of, for example, {1, 3, 5, 7, 19, 21, 23, 25}, {1, 3, 19, 21}, {5, 7, 23, 25}, {1, 5, 19, 23}, {3, 7, 21, 25}, {1, 7, 19, 25}, {3, 5, 21, 23}, etc. This is not limited in this specification. In other words, the pilot subcarriers of a discrete 106-tone RU may include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of two discrete 52-tone RUs.

[0321] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 106-tone RU, the number of data subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU is 98 or more, the number of pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU is 2 or more and 8 or less, and at least two of the maximum eight pilot subcarriers are separated by at least 18 pilot subcarriers.

[0322] Separately from the above, the number of data subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU may be, for example, 102, and the number of pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU may be, for example, 4. This is not limited in this specification.

[0323] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 242-tone RU, the discrete 242-tone RU includes two discrete 106-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 242-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the two discrete 106-tone RUs.

[0324] For example, refer to Table 20. Table 20 illustrates the correspondence between a discrete 242-tone RU and the index of the discrete 106-tone RUs included in the discrete 242-tone RU when the size of the first frequency band is 40 MHz.

[0325]

Table 20

[0326] Regarding Table 20, it can be found that the discrete 242 - tone RU with index 1 corresponds to the discrete 106 - tone RUs with indices 1 and 2, and the discrete 242 - tone RU with index 2 corresponds to the discrete 106 - tone RUs with indices 3 and 4. The pilot sub - carriers included in the discrete 242 - tone RU with index 1 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot sub - carriers included in the discrete 106 - tone RU with index 1 and the discrete 106 - tone RU with index 2, and it can be understood that the pilot sub - carriers included in the discrete 242 - tone RU with index 2 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot sub - carriers included in the discrete 106 - tone RU with index 3 and the discrete 106 - tone RU with index 4.

[0327] For example, the sequence index of the pilot sub - carriers included in the discrete 242 - tone RU with index 1 may be one of, for example, {1,3,5,7,9,10,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,29,31,33,35}, {1,3,5,7,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,29,31,33,35}, {1,3,5,7,19,21,23,25}, {11,13,15,17,29,31,33,35}, {1,3,11,13,19,21,29,31}, {5,7,15,17,23,25,33,35}, {1,5,11,15,19,23,29,33}, {3,7,13,17,21,25,31,35}, {1,7,11,17,19,25,29,35}, {3,5,13,15,21,23,31,33}, etc. This is not limited in this specification. In other words, the pilot sub - carriers of the discrete 242 - tone RU may include some or all of the pilot sub - carriers of the two discrete 106 - tone RUs.

[0328] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 242-tone RU, the discrete 242-tone RU includes four discrete 52-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 242-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the four discrete 52-tone RUs.

[0329] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 242-tone RU, the discrete 242-tone RU includes eight discrete 26-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 242-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the eight discrete 26-tone RUs.

[0330] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 242-tone RU, the number of data subcarriers included in the discrete 242-tone RU is 224 or more, the number of pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 242-tone RU is 2 or more and 18 or less, and at least two of the up to 18 pilot subcarriers are separated by at least 18 pilot subcarriers.

[0331] Separately from the above, the number of pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 242-tone RU may be, for example, 8. This is not limited in this specification.

[0332] In this application, it should be noted that based on the one-to-one correspondence between the sequence index of 36 pilot subcarriers and the frequency band index of 36 pilot subcarriers, the frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to different discrete RUs may be obtained when the first frequency band is 40 MHz.

[0333] Refer to Table 21. Table 21 illustrates the correspondence between the sequence indices of 36 pilot subcarriers and the frequency band indices of 36 pilot subcarriers corresponding to the case where the size of the first frequency band is 40 MHz. For example, sequence index 1 of the pilot subcarrier corresponds to frequency band index -238 of the pilot subcarrier.

[0334] [Table 21]

[0335] For example, regarding Table 13 or Table 15, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to different discrete RUs may be obtained when the first frequency band is 40 MHz. Specifically, refer to Table 22. Table 22 illustrates the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to different discrete RUs when the size of the first frequency band is 40 MHz.

[0336] [Table 22]

[0337] Regarding Table 22, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with index 1) are {-238, 10}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with index 2) are {-212, 36}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the third discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with index 3) are {-184, 64}, and it can be found that the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 26-tone RUs are estimated by analogy. Details are not described herein. The frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 52-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 52-tone RU with index 1) are a subset or the entire set of {-238, 10, -212, 36}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 52-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 52-tone RU with index 2) are a subset or the entire set of {-184, 64, -158, 90}, and the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 52-tone RUs are estimated by analogy. Details are not repeatedly described herein. The frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 106-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 106-tone RU with index 1) are a subset or the entire set of {-238, 10, -212, 36, -184, 64, -158, 90}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 106-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 106-tone RU with index 2) are a subset or the entire set of {-104, 144, -78, 170, -50, 198, -24, 224}, and the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 106-tone RUs are estimated by analogy. Details are not repeatedly described herein.The frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 242 - tone RU (i.e., the discrete 242 - tone RU with index 1) is a subset or the entire set of {-238, 10, -212, 36, -184, 64, -158, 90, -130, -116, -104, 144, -78, 170, -50, 198, -24, 224}, and the frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 242 - tone RU (i.e., the discrete 242 - tone RU with index 2) is a subset or the entire set of {-224, 24, -198, 50, -170, 78, -144, 104, 116, 130, -90, 158, -64, 184, -36, 212, -10, 238}. The frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 242 - tone RUs is estimated by analogy and will not be described in detail herein.

[0338] For example, for Table 14 or Table 16, when the first frequency band is 40 MHz, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to different discrete RUs may be obtained. Specifically, refer to Table 23. Table 23 describes the other frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to different discrete RUs when the size of the first frequency band is 40 MHz.

[0339]

Table 23

[0340] Regarding Table 23, it can be found that the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with index 1) are {-224, 24}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with index 2) are {-198, 50}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the third discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with index 3) are {-170, 78}, and the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 26-tone RUs can be estimated by analogy. Details are not described in this specification. The frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 52-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 52-tone RU with index 1) are a subset or the entire set of {-224, 24, -198, 50}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 52-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 52-tone RU with index 2) are a subset or the entire set of {-170, 78, -144, 104}, and the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 52-tone RUs are estimated by analogy. Details are not repeatedly described in this specification. The frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 106-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 106-tone RU with index 1) are a subset or the entire set of {-224, 24, -198, 50, -170, 78, -144, 104}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 106-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 106-tone RU with index 2) are a subset or the entire set of {-90, 158, -64, 184, -36, 212, -10, 238}, and the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 106-tone RUs are estimated by analogy. Details are not repeatedly described in this specification.The frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 242-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 242-tone RU with index 1) is a subset or the entire set of {-224, 24, -198, 50, -170, 78, -144, 104, 116, 130, -90, 158, -64, 184, -36, 212, -10, 238}, and the frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 242-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 242-tone RU with index 2) is a subset or the entire set of {-238, 10, -212, 36, -184, 64, -158, 90, -130, -116, -104, 144, -78, 170, -50, 198, -24, 224}.

[0341] In addition to the above, in this application, when the first frequency band corresponds to a continuous 484-tone RU in terms of size, the method of allocating pilot subcarriers used when the first frequency band corresponds to a continuous 242-tone RU in terms of size may be used separately for the left continuous 242-tone RU and the right continuous 242-tone RU. For details, refer to the related description in FIG. 14. Details are not described repeatedly in this specification.

[0342] FIG. 17 is a schematic flowchart of another method for sending data in a wireless network according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in FIG. 17, the method includes the following steps, but is not limited thereto.

[0343] 1701: The STA determines the discrete resource unit RU allocated to the STA. The discrete RU includes data subcarriers and pilot subcarriers. All subcarriers of one discrete RU are distributed on the first frequency band. The size of the first frequency band is 80 MHz. The first frequency band includes 72 pilot subcarriers that are spaced apart. The number of pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU is 2 or more. At least two pilot subcarriers included in one discrete RU are spaced apart by at least M pilot subcarriers.

[0344] For discrete RUs, refer to the above related description. Details are not repeated in this specification. It can be understood that there may be one or more discrete RUs in this application. This is not limited in this specification.

[0345] It can be understood that the size of the first frequency band being 80 MHz means that the first frequency band corresponds to a continuous 996-tone RU in terms of size. This is not limited in this specification.

[0346] M may be 36.

[0347] 1702: The AP receives a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) in discrete RUs.

[0348] Correspondingly, the STA sends the PPDU in discrete RUs.

[0349] Alternatively, step 1702 may include the AP receiving the PPDU from the STA in discrete RUs. Correspondingly, the STA sends the PPDU to the AP in discrete RUs.

[0350] In the above technical solution, all subcarriers of the discrete RUs assigned to the STA are dispersed on an 80 MHz frequency band, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete RUs are separated by at least M pilot subcarriers, so that it can be found that the dispersion of the pilot subcarriers is more discrete and problems such as narrowband interference and frequency-selective fading can be solved. In this way, the result of linear difference becomes more accurate, the problem that the result of linear difference becomes incorrect when the phases of the pilots are not in the same period is avoided, and the entire frequency band can be accurately covered by the linear difference implemented using the pilot subcarriers. In addition to the above, sending the PPDU in discrete RUs is also implemented.

[0351] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 26-tone RU, the discrete 26-tone RU includes 24 data sub-carriers and 2 pilot sub-carriers, and the 2 pilot sub-carriers are separated by at least 36 pilot sub-carriers.

[0352] For example, refer to Table 24. Table 24 illustrates the correspondence between the discrete 26-tone RU and the sequence indices of the 2 pilot sub-carriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU when the size of the first frequency band is 80 MHz.

[0353]

Table 24

[0354] Regarding Table 24, it can be found that the intervals between the sequence indices of pilot subcarriers corresponding to discrete 26-tone RUs with index 5, discrete 26-tone RUs with index 14, discrete 26-tone RUs with index 23, and discrete 26-tone RUs other than those with index 32 are all 36. In other words, two pilot subcarriers included in a discrete 26-tone RU are separated by 36 pilot subcarriers. In this application, it can be understood that the sequence indices of the pilot subcarriers specifically corresponding to discrete 26-tone RUs other than those with index 5, discrete 26-tone RUs with index 14, discrete 26-tone RUs with index 23, and discrete 26-tone RUs with index 32 are not limited in this specification. For example, the sequence index of the pilot subcarrier corresponding to a discrete 26-tone RU with index 1 may be one of {1,37}, {3,39}, {5,41}, {7,43}, {11,47}, {13,49}, {15,51}, {17,53}, {19,55}, etc., and the sequence index of the pilot subcarrier corresponding to a discrete 26-tone RU with index 2 may be one of {1,37}, {3,39}, {5,41}, {7,43}, {11,47}, {13,49}, {15,51}, {17,53}, {19,55}, etc. In this application, it should be noted that discrete 26-tone RUs with different indices correspond to different sequence indices of pilot subcarriers. For example, refer to Table 25. Table 25 illustrates another correspondence between discrete 26-tone RUs and the sequence indices of two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RUs when the size of the first frequency band is 80 MHz.Regarding Table 25, it can be found that the intervals between the sequence indices of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to the discrete 26-tone RUs with index 5, the discrete 26-tone RUs with index 14, the discrete 26-tone RUs with index 23, and the discrete 26-tone RUs other than those with index 32 are all 36. In other words, two pilot subcarriers included in a discrete 26-tone RU are separated by 36 pilot subcarriers.

[0355]

Table 25

[0356] For example, refer to Table 26. Table 26 illustrates another correspondence between the discrete 26-tone RUs and the sequence indices of two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RUs when the size of the first frequency band is 80 MHz.

[0357]

Table 26

[0358] Regarding Table 26, it can be found that the intervals between the sequence indices of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to the indices of 36 discrete 26-tone RUs are all 36. In other words, two pilot subcarriers included in 36 discrete 26-tone RUs are separated by 18 pilot subcarriers. In this application, it can be understood that the sequence indices of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to each discrete 26-tone RU among 36 discrete 26-tone RUs are not limited herein. For example, the sequence index of the pilot subcarrier corresponding to the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 1 may be one of {1, 37}, {3, 39}, {5, 41}, {7, 43}, etc., and the sequence index of the pilot subcarrier corresponding to the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 2 may also be one of {1, 37}, {3, 39}, {5, 41}, {7, 43}, etc. It should be noted that in this application, discrete 26-tone RUs with different indices correspond to different sequence indices of pilot subcarriers. For example, refer to Table 27. Table 27 illustrates another correspondence between discrete 26-tone RUs and the sequence indices of two pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RUs when the size of the first frequency band is 80 MHz. Regarding Table 27, it can be found that the intervals between the sequence indices of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to the indices of 36 discrete 26-tone RUs are all 36. In other words, two pilot subcarriers included in 36 discrete 26-tone RUs are separated by 36 pilot subcarriers.

[0359]

Table 27

[0360] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 52-tone RU, the discrete 52-tone RU includes two discrete 26-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 52-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the two discrete 26-tone RUs.

[0361] For example, refer to Table 28. Table 28 illustrates the correspondence between the discrete 52-tone RU and the indexes of the discrete 26-tone RUs included in the discrete 52-tone RU when the size of the first frequency band is 80 MHz.

[0362]

Table 28

[0363] Regarding Table 28, it can be found that the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 1 corresponds to the discrete 26-tone RUs with indices of 1 and 2, the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 2 corresponds to the discrete 26-tone RUs with indices of 3 and 4, the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 3 corresponds to the discrete 26-tone RUs with indices of 6 and 7, the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 4 corresponds to the discrete 26-tone RUs with indices of 8 and 9, and the frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 52-tone RUs can be estimated by analogy. Details are not described herein. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 1 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 1 and the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 2. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 2 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 3 and the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 4. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 3 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 6 and the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 7. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 4 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 8 and the discrete 26-tone RU with an index of 9. It can be understood that the frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 52-tone RUs can be estimated by analogy. Details are not described herein.

[0364] For example, the sequence index of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 1 may be one of, for example, {1, 37, 3, 39}, {1, 39}, etc. This is not limited herein. In other words, the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 52-tone RU may include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the two discrete 26-tone RUs.

[0365] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 52-tone RU, the discrete 52-tone RU includes at least 48 data subcarriers, the number of pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU is 2 or more and 4 or less, and at least two of the at most four pilot subcarriers are separated by at least 36 pilot subcarriers.

[0366] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 106-tone RU, the discrete 106-tone RU includes four discrete 26-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 106-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the four discrete 26-tone RUs.

[0367] For example, refer to Table 29. Table 29 illustrates the correspondence between the discrete 106-tone RU and the indices of the discrete 26-tone RUs included in the discrete 106-tone RU when the size of the first frequency band is 80 MHz.

[0368]

Table 29

[0369] Regarding Table 29, it can be found that the discrete 106 - tone RU with index 1 corresponds to the discrete 26 - tone RUs with indices 1, 2, 3, and 4, and the discrete 106 - tone RU with index 2 corresponds to the discrete 26 - tone RUs with indices 6, 7, 8, and 9, and the other discrete 106 - tone RUs can be estimated by analogy. Details are not described herein. The pilot sub - carriers included in the discrete 106 - tone RU with index 1 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot sub - carriers included in the discrete 26 - tone RU with index 1, the discrete 26 - tone RU with index 2, the discrete 26 - tone RU with index 3, and the discrete 26 - tone RU with index 4. The pilot sub - carriers included in the discrete 106 - tone RU with index 2 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot sub - carriers included in the discrete 26 - tone RU with index 6, the discrete 26 - tone RU with index 7, the discrete 26 - tone RU with index 8, and the discrete 26 - tone RU with index 9. It can be understood that the pilot sub - carriers included in each of the other discrete 106 - tone RUs can be estimated by analogy. Details are not described herein.

[0370] For example, the sequence index of the pilot sub - carriers included in the discrete 106 - tone RU with index 1 may be one of, for example, {1, 3, 5, 7, 37, 39, 41, 43}, {1, 3, 37, 39}, etc. This is not limited herein. In other words, the pilot sub - carriers of the discrete 106 - tone RU may include some or all of the pilot sub - carriers of the four discrete 26 - tone RUs.

[0371] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 106-tone RU, the discrete 106-tone RU includes two discrete 52-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 106-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the two discrete 52-tone RUs.

[0372] For example, refer to Table 30. Table 30 illustrates the correspondence between the discrete 106-tone RU and the indexes of the discrete 52-tone RUs included in the discrete 106-tone RU when the size of the first frequency band is 80 MHz.

[0373]

Table 30

[0374] Regarding Table 30, it can be found that the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 1 corresponds to the discrete 52-tone RUs with indexes of 1 and 2, the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 2 corresponds to the discrete 52-tone RUs with indexes of 3 and 4, and the other discrete 106-tone RUs can be estimated by analogy. Details are not described in this specification. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 1 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 1 and the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 2. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU with an index of 2 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 3 and the discrete 52-tone RU with an index of 4. It can be understood that the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 106-tone RUs can be estimated by analogy. Details are not described in this specification.

[0375] For example, the sequence index of pilot subcarriers included in a discrete 106 - tone RU with an index of 1 may be one of, for example, {1, 3, 5, 7, 37, 39, 41, 43}, {1, 3, 37, 39}, etc. This is not limited in this specification. In other words, the pilot subcarriers of a discrete 106 - tone RU may include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of two discrete 52 - tone RUs.

[0376] Apart from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 106 - tone RU, the number of data subcarriers included in the discrete 106 - tone RU is 98 or more, the number of pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106 - tone RU is 2 or more and 8 or less, and at least two of the up to eight pilot subcarriers are separated by at least 36 pilot subcarriers.

[0377] Apart from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 242 - tone RU, the discrete 242 - tone RU includes two discrete 106 - tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 242 - tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the two discrete 106 - tone RUs.

[0378] For example, refer to Table 31. Table 31 illustrates the correspondence between a discrete 242 - tone RU and the index of the discrete 106 - tone RUs included in the discrete 242 - tone RU when the size of the first frequency band is 80 MHz.

[0379]

Table 31

[0380] Regarding Table 31, it can be found that the discrete 242-tone RU with index 1 corresponds to the discrete 106-tone RUs with indices 1 and 2, and the discrete 242-tone RU with index 2 corresponds to the discrete 106-tone RUs with indices 3 and 4. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 242-tone RU with index 1 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU with index 1 and the discrete 106-tone RU with index 2. The pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 242-tone RU with index 2 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 106-tone RU with index 3 and the discrete 106-tone RU with index 4. It can be understood that other discrete 242-tone RUs can be estimated by analogy. Details are not described herein.

[0381] For example, the sequence index of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 242-tone RU with index 1 may be one of, for example, {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 37, 39, 41, 43, 10, 47, 49, 51, 53}, etc. This is not limited herein. In other words, the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 242-tone RU may include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the two discrete 106-tone RUs.

[0382] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 242-tone RU, the discrete 242-tone RU includes four discrete 52-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 242-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the four discrete 52-tone RUs.

[0383] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 242-tone RU, the discrete 242-tone RU includes nine discrete 26-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 242-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the nine discrete 26-tone RUs.

[0384] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 242-tone RU, the number of data subcarriers included in the discrete 242-tone RU is 224 or more, the number of pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 242-tone RU is 2 or more and 18 or less, and at least two of the up to 18 pilot subcarriers are separated by at least 36 pilot subcarriers.

[0385] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 484-tone RU, the discrete 484-tone RU includes two discrete 242-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 484-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the two discrete 242-tone RUs.

[0386] For example, refer to Table 32. Table 32 illustrates the correspondence between the discrete 484-tone RU and the indexes of the discrete 242-tone RUs included in the discrete 484-tone RU when the size of the first frequency band is 80 MHz.

[0387]

Table 32

[0388] Regarding Table 32, it can be found that the discrete 484-tone RU with index 1 corresponds to the discrete 242-tone RUs with indices 1 and 2, and the discrete 484-tone RU with index 2 corresponds to the discrete 242-tone RUs with indices 3 and 4. It can be understood that the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 484-tone RU with index 1 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 242-tone RU with index 1 and the discrete 242-tone RU with index 2, and the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 484-tone RU with index 2 may be a subset or the entire set of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 242-tone RU with index 3 and the discrete 242-tone RU with index 4.

[0389] For example, the sequence index of the pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 484-tone RU with index 1 may be, for example, {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 37, 39, 41, 43, 10, 47, 49, 51, 53, 55, 57, 59, 61, 28, 65, 67}, etc. one of them. This is not limited in this specification. In other words, the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 484-tone RU may include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the two discrete 242-tone RUs.

[0390] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 484-tone RU, the discrete 484-tone RU includes four discrete 106-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 484-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the four discrete 106-tone RUs.

[0391] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 484-tone RU, the discrete 484-tone RU includes eight discrete 52-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 484-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the eight discrete 52-tone RUs.

[0392] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 484-tone RU, the discrete 484-tone RU includes sixteen discrete 26-tone RUs, and the pilot subcarriers of the discrete 484-tone RU include some or all of the pilot subcarriers of the sixteen discrete 26-tone RUs.

[0393] Separately from the above, the discrete RU is a discrete 484-tone RU, the number of data subcarriers included in the discrete 484-tone RU is 448 or more, the number of pilot subcarriers included in the discrete 484-tone RU is 2 or more and 36 or less, and at least two of the up to 36 pilot subcarriers are separated by at least 36 pilot subcarriers.

[0394] It should be noted that in the present application, based on the one-to-one correspondence between the sequence index of the 72 pilot subcarriers and the frequency band index of the 72 pilot subcarriers, the frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to different discrete RUs may be obtained when the first frequency band is 80 MHz.

[0395] Refer to Table 33. Table 33 illustrates the correspondence between the sequence index of the 72 pilot subcarriers and the frequency band index of the 72 pilot subcarriers corresponding to the case where the size of the first frequency band is 80 MHz. For example, the sequence index 1 of the pilot subcarriers corresponds to the frequency band index -494 of the pilot subcarriers.

[0396]

Table 33A

Table 33B

[0397] For example, for Table 24 or Table 26, when the first frequency band is 80 MHz, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to different discrete RUs may be obtained. Specifically, refer to Table 34. Table 34 describes the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to different discrete RUs when the size of the first frequency band is 80 MHz.

[0398]

Table 34A

Table 34B

[0399] Regarding Table 34, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with index 1) are {-494, 18}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with index 2) are {-440, 72}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the third discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with index 3) are {-440, 72}, and it can be found that the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 26-tone RUs are estimated by analogy. Details are not described in this specification. The frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 52-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 52-tone RU with index 1) are a subset or the entire set of {-494, 18, -468, 44}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 52-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 52-tone RU with index 2) are a subset or the entire set of {-440, 72, -414, 98}, and the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 52-tone RUs are estimated by analogy. Details are not repeatedly described in this specification. The frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 106-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 106-tone RU with index 1) are a subset or the entire set of {-494, 18, -468, 44, -440, 72, -414, 98}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 106-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 106-tone RU with index 2) are a subset or the entire set of {-360, 152, -334, 178, -306, 206, -280, 232}, and the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 106-tone RUs are estimated by analogy. Details are not repeatedly described in this specification.The frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 242 - tone RU (i.e., the discrete 242 - tone RU with index 1) is a subset or the entire set of {-494, 18, -468, 44, -440, 72, -414, 98, -360, 152, -334, 178, -306, 206, -280, 232}, and the frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 242 - tone RU (i.e., the discrete 242 - tone RU with index 2) is a subset or the entire set of {-246, 266, -220, 292, -192, 320, -166, 346, -112, 400, -86, 426, -58, 454, -32, 480}. The frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 242 - tone RUs is estimated by analogy and will not be described in detail herein. The frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 484 - tone RU (i.e., the discrete 484 - tone RU with index 1) is a subset or the entire set of {-494, 18, -468, 44, -440, 72, -414, 98, -360, 152, -334, 178, -306, 206, -280, 232, -246, 266, -220, 292, -192, 320, -166, 346, -112, 400, -86, 426, -58, 454, -32, 480}, and the frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 484 - tone RU (i.e., the discrete 484 - tone RU with index 2) is a subset or the entire set of {-480, 32, -454, 58, -426, 86, -400, 112, -346, 166, -320, 192, -292, 220, -266, 246, -232, 280, -206, 306, -178, 334, -152, 360, -98, 414, -72, 440, -44, 468, -18, 494}.

[0400] For example, regarding Table 25 or Table 27, the frequency band indexes of pilot subcarriers corresponding to different discrete RUs may be obtained when the first frequency band is 80 MHz. Specifically, refer to Table 35. Table 35 describes the other frequency band indexes of pilot subcarriers corresponding to different discrete RUs when the size of the first frequency band is 80 MHz.

[0401]

Table 35A

Table 35B

[0402] For Table 35, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with index 1) are {-480, 32}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with index 2) are {-454, 58}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the third discrete 26-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 26-tone RU with index 3) are {-426, 86}, and it can be found that the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 26-tone RUs are estimated by analogy. Details are not described herein. The frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 52-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 52-tone RU with index 1) are a subset or the entire set of {-480, 32, -454, 58}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 52-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 52-tone RU with index 2) are a subset or the entire set of {-426, 86, -400, 112}, and the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 52-tone RUs are estimated by analogy. Details are not repeatedly described herein. The frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 106-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 106-tone RU with index 1) are a subset or the entire set of {-480, 32, -454, 58, -426, 86, -400, 112}, the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 106-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 106-tone RU with index 2) are a subset or the entire set of {-346, 166, -320, 192, -292, 220, -266, 246}, and the frequency band indices of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 106-tone RUs are estimated by analogy. Details are not repeatedly described herein.The frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 242-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 242-tone RU with index 1) is a subset or the entire set of {-480, 32, -454, 58, -426, 86, -400, 112, -346, 166, -320, 192, -292, 220, -266, 246}, and the frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 242-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 242-tone RU with index 2) is a subset or the entire set of {-232, 280, -206, 306, -178, 334, -152, 360, -98, 414, -72, 440, -44, 468, -18, 494}. The frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers included in each of the other discrete 242-tone RUs is estimated by analogy and will not be described in detail herein. The frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers included in the first discrete 484-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 484-tone RU with index 1) is a subset or the entire set of {-480, 32, -454, 58, -426, 86, -400, 112, -346, 166, -320, 192, -292, 220, -266, 246, -232, 280, -206, 306, -178, 334, -152, 360, -98, 414, -72, 440, -44, 468, -18, 494}, and the frequency band index of the pilot subcarriers included in the second discrete 484-tone RU (i.e., the discrete 484-tone RU with index 2) is a subset or the entire set of {-494, 18, -468, 44, -440, 72, -414, 98, -360, 152, -334, 178, -306, 206, -280, 232, -246, 266, -220, 292, -192, 320, -166, 346, -112, 400, -86, 426, -58, 454, -32, 480}.

[0403] In a possible implementation example, in the present application, when the first frequency band corresponds to a continuous 996 - tone RU in terms of size, the allocation method of pilot sub - carriers used when the first frequency band corresponds to a continuous 484 - tone RU in terms of size may be individually used for the left continuous 484 - tone RU and the right continuous 484 - tone RU. For details, refer to the related description in FIG. 16. Details are not repeatedly described herein. In addition to the above, the allocation method of pilot sub - carriers used for a continuous 242 - tone RU may also be used for a continuous 484 - tone RU. In another possible implementation example, when the first frequency band corresponds to a continuous 996 - tone RU in terms of size, the continuous 996 - tone RU may include four continuous 242 - tone RUs, and the allocation method of pilot sub - carriers used when the first frequency band corresponds to a continuous 242 - tone RU in terms of size may be used for each continuous 242 - tone RU. For details, refer to the related description in FIG. 14. Details are not repeatedly described herein.

[0404] Separately from the above, in the present application, when the first frequency band corresponds to a continuous 2×996 - tone RU, continuous 3×996 - tone RU, or continuous 4×996 - tone RU in terms of size, the intervals between two pilot sub - carriers included in discrete RUs are at least 72, 108, and 144 respectively. For the specific allocation method of pilot sub - carriers, refer to FIGS. 14, 16, and 17. Details are not repeatedly described herein.

[0405] In this application, the size of the first frequency band is U times 20 MHz, where U = 1 or U is an even number. There are 9 discrete 26-tone RUs per 20 MHz. Each of the 9×U discrete 26-tone RUs includes data subcarriers and pilot subcarriers, and all subcarriers of each of the 9×U discrete 26-tone RUs are dispersed over the first frequency band. If each 20 MHz includes 18 pilot subcarriers, the U times 20 MHz may include 18×U pilot subcarriers.

[0406] When U = 1, the first frequency band includes 18 pilot subcarriers that are spaced apart, the number of pilot subcarriers included in one discrete 26-tone RU is equal to 2, and the two pilot subcarriers included in discrete 26-tone RUs other than the 5th discrete 26-tone RU are spaced apart by at least 10 pilot subcarriers. For details, refer to the related description in FIG. 12. Details are not described repeatedly herein.

[0407] When U is an even number, the two pilot subcarriers included in discrete 26-tone RUs other than the (5 + 9×n)th discrete 26-tone RU are spaced apart by at least 9×U pilot subcarriers, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to U - 1. The sequence index of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to the (5 + 9×n)th discrete 26-tone RU is {2×(5 + 9×n) - 1, 2×(5 + 9×n)}, and the sequence index of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to discrete 26-tone RUs other than the (5 + 9×n)th discrete 26-tone RU is {x, x + 9×U}, where x is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 9×U, and it can be understood that the condition that x is not equal to 2×(5 + 9×n) - 1 is satisfied.

[0408] When U is 1 or an even number, the sequence index of the pilot subcarriers corresponding to each of the 9×U discrete 26-tone RUs is {x, x + 9U}, where x is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 9×U.

[0409] Separately from the above, in this application, when at least two STAs send the corresponding first pilot signal to the AP using all the pilot subcarriers included in the first frequency band, the AP receives the second pilot signals of at least two STAs using all the pilot subcarriers included in the first frequency band, and may use the average value obtained by averaging the received second pilot signals corresponding to at least two STAs as the first pilot signal sent by each of the at least two STAs.

[0410] In the above, the solution means provided in this application has been mainly described from the perspective of the interaction between devices. To implement the above functions, it can be understood that each device includes a corresponding hardware structure and / or software module for performing each function. Those skilled in the art can easily conceive that this application can be implemented by hardware, or a combination of hardware and computer software, in combination with the example parts and algorithm steps described in the embodiments disclosed in this specification. Whether the function is performed by hardware or by hardware driven by computer software depends on the specific application and the design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but it is of course not considered that this implementation exceeds the scope of this application.

[0411] In the embodiments of the present application, the AP or STA may be divided into functional modules based on the above method examples. For example, each functional module may be obtained through division based on the corresponding function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. In the embodiments of the present application, the division of modules is only an example, and it should be noted that it is only a logical function division. In actual implementation examples, other division methods may be used.

[0412] When an integrated module is used, refer to FIG. 18. FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 1800 may be applied to the methods shown in FIGS. 5 to 15. As shown in FIG. 18, the communication device 1800 includes a processing module 1801 and a transceiver module 1802. The processing module 1801 may be one or more processors. The transceiver module 1802 may be a transceiver or a communication interface. The communication device may be configured to implement an AP or STA according to any one of the above method embodiments, or may be configured to implement the function of a network element according to any one of the above method embodiments. The network element and function may be a network element of a hardware device, or may be a software function operating on dedicated hardware, or may be a virtualized function instantiated on a platform (such as a cloud platform). Separately from the above, the communication device 1800 may further include a storage module 1803 configured to store program code and data related to the communication device 1800.

[0413] In one example, when the communication device is used as an STA or a chip applied to an STA, the communication device performs the steps performed by the STA in the above method embodiments. The transceiver module 1802 is configured to support communication with an AP or the like. The transceiver module particularly performs the transmission operation and / or reception operation performed by the STA from FIG. 5 to FIG. 15. For example, when performing step 502, it supports the STA and / or is used for another process of the technology described in this specification. The processing module 1801 may be configured to support the communication device 1800 when performing the processing operations of the above method embodiments. For example, it may be configured to support one or more of step 501, step 1201, step 1401, or step 1501 and / or support the STA when performing another process of the technology described in this specification.

[0414] In one example, when the communication device is used as an AP or a chip applied to an AP, the communication device performs the steps performed by the AP in the above method embodiments. The transceiver module 1802 is configured to support communication with an STA or the like. The transceiver module particularly performs the transmission operation and / or reception operation performed by the AP from FIG. 5 to FIG. 15. For example, when performing one or more of step 1202, step 1402, or step 1502, it supports the AP and / or is configured to perform another process of the technology described in this specification. The processing module 1801 may be configured to support the communication device 1800 when performing the processing operations of the above method embodiments. For example, it may be configured to support step 502 and / or support the AP when performing another process of the technology described in this specification.

[0415] In a possible implementation example, when the STA or AP is a chip, the transceiver module 1802 may be an interface, a pin, a circuit, etc. The interface may be configured to input the data to be processed into the processor, and may output the processing result of the processor to the outside. In a specific implementation example, the interface may be a general purpose input output (GPIO) interface, and may be connected to a plurality of peripheral devices (for example, a display (LCD), a camera, a radio frequency (RF) module, and an antenna). The interface is connected to the processor through a bus.

[0416] The processing module 1801 may be a processor. The processor may execute computer-executable instructions stored in the storage module, whereby the chip performs any one of the methods of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 5, 11 to 14, 16, and 17.

[0417] Furthermore, the processor may include a controller, an arithmetic unit, and registers. For example, the controller is mainly responsible for decoding instructions and sending control signals for operations corresponding to the instructions. The arithmetic unit is mainly responsible for performing fixed-point arithmetic, floating-point arithmetic, shift operations, logical operations, etc., and may also perform address arithmetic and address conversion. The registers are mainly responsible for saving register operation amounts, intermediate operation results, etc. that are temporarily stored during the execution of instructions. In a specific implementation example, the hardware architecture of the processor may be an application specific integrated circuits (ASIC) architecture, a microprocessor without interlocked piped stages architecture (MIPS) architecture, an advanced RISC machines (ARM) architecture, a network processor (NP) architecture, etc. The processor may be a single-core processor or a multi-core processor.

[0418] The memory module may be a memory module inside the chip, such as registers and caches. Instead of this, the memory module may be a memory module outside the chip, such as a Read Only Memory (ROM), another type of static memory device that can store static information and instructions, or a Random Access Memory (RAM).

[0419] It should be noted that the functions corresponding to each of the processor and the interface may be implemented using a hardware design, may be implemented using a software design, or may be implemented by a combination of software and hardware. This is not limited in this specification.

[0420] Embodiments of the present application further provide a communication device. The communication device includes a processor, a memory, an input interface, and an output interface. The input interface is configured to receive information from another communication device other than the present communication device. The output interface is configured to output information to another communication device other than the present communication device. The processor calls a computer program stored in the memory to implement any one of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 5, 11 to 14, and 16.

[0421] Embodiments of the present application further provide a chip. The chip includes at least one processor and an interface. The processor is configured to read and execute an instruction stored in the memory. When the instruction is executed, the chip is enabled to perform any one of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 5, 11 to 14, and 16.

[0422] Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. The computer program includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer is enabled to perform any one of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 5, 11 to 14, and 16.

[0423] Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product. When a computer reads and executes the computer program product, the computer is enabled to implement any one of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 5, 11 to 14, and 16.

[0424] The objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present application are further described in detail in the above specific implementation examples. It is naturally understood that the above description is only a specific implementation example of the present application and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made based on the technical solutions of the present application fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Description of Symbols

[0425] 1 Station, Sequence Index 2 Stations 3 Stations 400 Communication Device 401 Processor 402 Communication Line 403 Memory 404 Communication Interface 405 Output Device 406 Input Device 407 Processor 1800 Communication Device 1801 Processing Module 1802 Transceiver Module 1803 Memory Module

Claims

1. Determining, by the first device, a first frequency band to which discrete RUs assigned to the first device belong; Sending, by the first device, a first pilot signal of the first device to a second device on all pilot subcarriers provided in the first frequency band; A pilot signal transmission method comprising: The first pilot signal of the first device is related to a predetermined matrix W and a column vector 【Number 1】 where W is an invertible matrix having Nu rows and Nu columns, W satisfies the equation W = [w1, w2, …, wNu], wx is a column vector, x is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Nu, Nu is an integer greater than 0, W is used to control pilot signals transmitted by Nu devices in Nu time units, the column index of W is a time unit index, the row index of W is a device index, and the Nu devices include the first device; 【Number 2】 indicates the pilot signal corresponding to the first device for all the pilot subcarriers provided in the first frequency band at the t-th time unit; [Number 3] the number of columns of is the number of all the pilot subcarriers provided in the first frequency band; 【Number 4】 the n-th element of indicates the pilot signal corresponding to the first device for the n-th pilot subcarrier provided in the first frequency band, n is an integer greater than 0 and 【Number 5】 less than or equal to the number of columns of, k is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Nu, t is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and t is a time unit index.

2. The first pilot signal q of the Nu devices t is given by the formula 【Number 6】 satisfies, tt = mod(t, Nu) + 1, and w tt denotes the tt-th column vector of W, and q t is a column vector, and the number of columns of q t is the number of all the pilot sub-carriers provided in the first frequency band, tt is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Nu, and the first pilot signal of the Nu devices is sent on all the pilot sub-carriers provided in the first frequency band. The method according to claim 1.

3. The first pilot signal of the first device is 【Number 7】 and W k，tt The method according to claim 1, wherein k，tt is an element in the tt-th column of the k-th row of W, tt = mod(t, Nu) + 1, and tt is an integer that is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Nu.

4. W is an orthogonal matrix; W is a 2×n Hadamard matrix H 2n where H 2n satisfies the following equation 【Number 8】 , H n is an n-th order Hadamard matrix, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, W is a 2×n order P matrix P 2n×2n where P 2n×2n satisfies the following equation 【Number 9】 , P n×n is an n-th order P matrix, or W is a diagonal matrix, and the diagonal matrix is an identity matrix. The method according to claim 1.

5. n is 1; 【Number 10】 and n is 2; 【Number 11】 and n is 1; 【Number 12】 and n is 2; 【Number 13】 and n is 4; 【Number 14】 and The method according to claim 4.

6. 【Number 15】 The method according to claim 1, wherein some elements of are set to zero.

7. The first pilot signal of the first device occupies different pilot subcarriers in different time units among Nu time units, and the total number of pilot subcarriers occupied by the first pilot signal of the first device in the Nu time units is the total number of pilot subcarriers provided in the first frequency band. The method according to claim 1.

8. Receiving, by a second device, second pilot signals of at least two first devices on all pilot subcarriers provided in a first frequency band, where the first frequency band is a frequency band to which discrete resource units RUs assigned to the at least two first devices belong, the step of processing, by the second device, the second pilot signals of the at least two first devices to obtain the first pilot signals sent by the at least two first devices A pilot signal demodulation method comprising: The second pilot signal X of the at least two first devices satisfies the following equation: X = G[s1 s2 s3 …sNu]W or X = G[s1 s2 s3 …sNu]W + Z G is a channel parameter, Z is noise, W satisfies the equation W = [w1, w2, …, wNu], wx is a column vector, x is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Nu, Nu is an integer greater than 1, W is used to control the pilot signals transmitted by the at least two first devices in Nu time units, the column index of W is the time unit index, and the row index of W is the device index. The number of columns of sk is the total number of all pilot subcarriers provided in the first frequency band, the nth element of sk indicates the pilot signal corresponding to the kth first device among the at least two first devices for the nth pilot subcarrier provided in the first frequency band, n is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to the number of columns of sk, k is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Nu, t is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and t is the time unit index. The method.

9. The first pilot signal sent by the at least two first devices is [s 1 s 2 s 3 …s Nu W, the method according to claim 8.

10. W is an orthogonal matrix, W is a 2×n Hadamard matrix H 2n and H 2n satisfies the following equation 【Number 16】 , H n is an n-th order Hadamard matrix, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, or W is a 2×n order P matrix P 2n×2n and P 2n×2n satisfies the following equation 【Number 17】 , P n×n is an n-th order P matrix, or W is a diagonal matrix, and the diagonal matrix is an identity matrix, The method according to claim 8.

11. n is 1, 【Number 18】 and n is 2, 【Number 19】 and n is 1, 【Number 20】 and n is 2, 【Number 21】 and n is 4, 【Number 22】 and The method according to claim 10.

12. [s 1 s 2 s 3 …s Nu The method according to claim 8, wherein some elements of some column vectors of [s 1 s 2 s 3 …s Nu are set to zero.

13. Among the at least two first devices, the first pilot signal of one of the first devices occupies different pilot subcarriers at different time units within Nu time units, and the total number of pilot subcarriers occupied by the first pilot signal of one of the first devices within the Nu time units is the total number of pilot subcarriers provided in the first frequency band. The method according to claim 8.

14. Comprising a processing module and a transceiver module, The processing module is configured to determine a first frequency band to which a discrete RU assigned to the processing module belongs, The transceiver module is configured to send a first pilot signal of a first device to a second device using all pilot subcarriers provided in the first frequency band. A communication device, The first pilot signal of the first device is related to a predetermined matrix W and a column vector 【Number 23】 where W is an invertible matrix having Nu rows and Nu columns, W satisfies the formula W = [w1, w2,..., wNu], wx is a column vector, x is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Nu, Nu is an integer greater than 0, W is used to control pilot signals transmitted by Nu devices within Nu time units, the column index of W is a time unit index, the row index of W is a device index, and the Nu devices include the first device. [Number 24] indicates the pilot signal corresponding to the first device of all the pilot subcarriers provided in the first frequency band at the t-th time unit, 【Number 25】 The number of columns of is the total number of all the pilot subcarriers provided in the first frequency band, 【Number 26】 The n-th element of indicates the pilot signal corresponding to the first device of the n-th pilot subcarrier provided in the first frequency band, and n is greater than 0 and 【Number 27】 An integer that is less than or equal to the number of columns, k is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Nu, t is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and t is a time unit index, a device.

15. The first pilot signal q of the Nu devices t is given by the equation 【Number 28】 satisfies, tt = mod(t, Nu) + 1, and w tt denotes the tt-th column vector of W, and q t is a column vector, and q t has the number of columns equal to the number of all the pilot subcarriers provided in the first frequency band, tt is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Nu, and the first pilot signals of the Nu devices are sent on all the pilot subcarriers provided in the first frequency band. The apparatus according to claim 14.

16. The first pilot signal of the first device is 【Number 29】 and W k，tt The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein k，tt is an element in the tt-th column of the k-th row of W, tt = mod(t, Nu) + 1, and tt is an integer that is 1 or more and Nu or less.

17. W is an orthogonal matrix, W is a 2×n Hadamard matrix H 2n where H 2n satisfies the following equation 【30 numbers】 , H n is an n-th order Hadamard matrix, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, or W is a 2×n order P matrix P 2n×2n and P 2n×2n satisfies the following equation 【Number 31】 , P n×n is an n-th order P matrix, or W is a diagonal matrix, and the diagonal matrix is an identity matrix, The device according to claim 14.

18. n is 1, 【Number 32】 and n is 2, 【Number 33】 and n is 1, 【Number 34】 and n is 2, 【Number 35】 and n is 4, 【Number 36】 and The device according to claim 17.

19. 【Number 37】 Of the device according to claim 14, some elements of which are set to zero.

20. The first pilot signal of the first device occupies different pilot subcarriers at different time units among Nu time units, and the total number of pilot subcarriers occupied by the first pilot signal of the first device in the Nu time units is the total number of pilot subcarriers provided in the first frequency band. The device according to claim 14.

21. Comprising a transceiver module and a processing module, The transceiver module is configured to receive the second pilot signals of at least two first devices with all the pilot subcarriers provided in a first frequency band, and the first frequency band is a frequency band to which discrete resource units RUs assigned to the at least two first devices belong. The processing module is configured to process the second pilot signals of the at least two first devices in order to obtain the first pilot signals sent by the at least two first devices. A communication device, The second pilot signal X of the at least two first devices satisfies the following equation, X = G[s1 s2 s3 … sNu]W or X = G[s1 s2 s3 … sNu]W + Z G is a channel parameter, Z is noise, W satisfies the formula W = [w1, w2, …, wNu], wx is a column vector, x is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Nu, Nu is an integer greater than 1, W is used to control pilot signals transmitted by the at least two first devices in Nu time units, the column index of W is a time unit index, and the row index of W is a device index. The number of columns of sk is the number of all the pilot subcarriers provided in the first frequency band, the nth element of sk indicates the pilot signal corresponding to the kth first device among the at least two first devices for the nth pilot subcarrier provided in the first frequency band, n is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to the number of columns of sk, k is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Nu, t is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and t is a time unit index. Claim 22 The first pilot signal sent by the at least two first devices is [s 1 s 2 s 3 …s Nu W, the apparatus according to claim 21. Claim 23 W is an orthogonal matrix. W is a 2×n Hadamard matrix H 2n where H 2n satisfies the following equation 【Number 38】 , H n is an n-th order Hadamard matrix, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, or W is a 2×n order P matrix P 2n×2n and P 2n×2n satisfies the following equation 【No. 39】 , P n×n is an n-th order P matrix, or W is a diagonal matrix, and the diagonal matrix is an identity matrix. The device according to claim 21. Claim 24 n is 1. 【Number 40】 and n is 2. 【Number 41】 and n is 1. 【Number 42】 and n is 2. 【Number 43】 and n is 4. 【Number 44】 and The device according to claim 23. Claim 25 [s 1 s 2 s 3 …s Nu The apparatus according to claim 21, wherein some elements of some column vectors of [s 1 s 2 s 3 …s Nu are set to zero. Claim 26 For one of the at least two first devices, the first pilot signal occupies different pilot subcarriers at different time units among the Nu time units, and the total number of pilot subcarriers occupied by the first pilot signal of one of the first devices in the Nu time units is the total number of the pilot subcarriers provided in the first frequency band. The device according to claim 21. Claim 27 A chip, the chip includes at least one processor and an interface, the processor is configured to read and execute instructions stored in a memory, and when the instructions are executed, the chip is enabled to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7. **Claim 28** A chip, comprising at least one processor and an interface, wherein the processor is configured to read and execute instructions stored in a memory, and when the instructions are executed, the chip is enabled to perform the method according to any one of claims 8 to 13. **Claim 29** A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program comprising program instructions, wherein when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer is enabled to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7. **Claim 30** A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program comprising program instructions, wherein when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer is enabled to perform the method according to any one of claims 8 to 13.

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