Chimney for building and its base

Abstract

To reduce the weight of a leg part of a chimney for a building and to prevent water from infiltrating into the leg part from a crack.SOLUTION: A leg part 20 of a chimney 10 for a building is installed on a skeleton floor 4 of a building 1. A chimney body 11 is erected from the leg part 20. A chimney bottom pan 30 is stretched inside a peripheral wall 22 of the leg part 20. The chimney bottom pan 30 is composed of a metal plate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a chimney, and particularly to a bottom structure of a chimney attached to a building.

Background Art

[0002] Generally, a building having a boiler, a generator, etc. is provided with a chimney for discharging exhaust gas (see Patent Document 1, etc.). Legs constituting the bottom of this type of chimney are installed on the building's floor slab. The chimney body rises from the legs.

[0003] The outer periphery of the legs is constituted by a steel peripheral wall. The inside of the peripheral wall is filled with castable refractory. A drainage gradient that slopes downward toward the drain is formed on the upper surface of the castable refractory, that is, the upper surface of the legs.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] The castable refractory in the legs of a building chimney has a large specific gravity and occupies a volume that almost entirely fills the inside of the legs. For this reason, the legs are heavy, making it not only difficult to carry them out of the factory and install them at the construction site, but also imposing a large load on the floor slab that supports the installed legs. It may be necessary to increase the number of steel bars or increase the thickness of the concrete slab that constitutes the floor slab. In addition, the castable refractory is likely to crack due to aging deterioration. Then, water is likely to penetrate into the inside of the castable refractory from the cracks and accumulate inside, which may easily rust the surrounding steel materials. In view of such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to reduce the weight of the base portion of a chimney for a building and to prevent water from accumulating inside the base portion.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] To solve the above problems, a chimney for a building according to the present invention includes a base portion installed on a building's structural floor and a chimney body rising from the base portion. The base portion is characterized by including a peripheral wall and a chimney bottom pan made of a metal plate stretched inside the peripheral wall. The base portion of the chimney for a building according to the present invention is a base portion installed on a building's structural floor in the chimney for a building, and is characterized by including a peripheral wall and a chimney bottom pan made of a metal plate stretched inside the peripheral wall. By providing a metal chimney bottom pan, the castable refractory can be omitted from the chimney base portion, and the base portion can be lightened by making the metal chimney bottom pan thin. The metal chimney bottom pan is less likely to have deterioration damage such as cracks than the castable refractory. Therefore, it is possible to prevent water from accumulating inside the base portion. The metal material of the chimney bottom pan is preferably a corrosion-resistant metal such as stainless steel. It is preferable that a light-specific gravity heat insulating material such as heat-resistant glass felt is loaded inside the base portion, and the chimney bottom pan is covered on the upper surface of the heat insulating material.

[0007] It is preferable that the base portion is provided with support means for supporting the chimney bottom pan so as to allow thermal displacement in the in-plane direction. By the support means, the chimney bottom pan can be supported and the thermal expansion of the chimney bottom pan can be absorbed.

[0008] The base portion is provided with a main body receiver that protrudes inward from the peripheral wall and on which the lower end portion of the chimney body is placed. The outer peripheral portion of the chimney bottom pan is applied to the lower surface of the main body receiver and connected by bolts. An insertion hole for inserting the bolts is formed in the outer peripheral portion, and it is preferable that the insertion hole is a loose hole. Thereby, the main body receiver for the chimney main body is provided as a support means for the chimney bottom pan. The clearance between the inner peripheral edge of the loose hole and the bolt can absorb the thermal expansion of the chimney bottom pan.

[0009] It is preferable that the support means has a pan receiver protruding inward from the peripheral wall, the outer peripheral portion of the chimney bottom pan is placed on the pan receiver, and the inner surface of the peripheral wall and the outer peripheral portion of the chimney bottom pan are spaced apart to allow the thermal displacement. The pan receiver can support the chimney bottom pan, and the outer peripheral portion of the chimney bottom pan can be displaced on the pan receiver to absorb the thermal expansion of the chimney bottom pan.

Advantages of the Invention

[0010] According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the weight of the legs of the chimney for a building and prevent water from soaking into the inside of the legs and accumulating inside the legs.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0011]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0012] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. <First Embodiment (Figs. 1 to 5)> As shown in Fig. 1, a through space 2 is provided within the building body 1a of the building 1. The through space 2 vertically penetrates the building 1. A building chimney 10 is installed within the through space 2. The building chimney 10 includes a chimney body 11 and legs 20. As shown in Fig. 2, the chimney body 11 includes a heat insulating wall 13, an outer wall 14, and an inner wall 15, and has a cylindrical shape (square tube shape) with a quadrangular shape in plan view (Fig. 3) whose axis is oriented vertically (up and down). The heat insulating wall 13 is made of a hard heat insulating material such as calcium silicate. The outer wall 14 is provided on the outer surface of the heat insulating wall 13. The inner wall 15 is provided on the inner surface of the heat insulating wall 13. The outer wall 14 and the inner wall 15 are made of a metal plate such as a steel plate. Although detailed illustration is omitted, the chimney body 11 is divided into a plurality of chimney units. The chimney body 11 is constituted by stacking these chimney units in a vertical row. Each chimney unit is supported by the building body 1a around the through space 2 via a support arm.

[0013] As shown in Fig. 1, an exhaust duct 3 from equipment (not shown) that involves gas discharge such as a boiler or a generator within the building 1 is connected to a side portion near the lower end of the chimney body 11. The upper end portion (not shown) of the chimney 10 protrudes onto the rooftop or the like of the building 1.

[0014] The bottom structure of the building chimney 10 is configured as follows. As shown in Fig. 1, a chimney foundation 4 is provided at the bottom of the through space 2 of the building 1. The chimney foundation 4 is composed of a concrete slab that forms a part of the building body floor of the building 1. The legs 20 are installed on the chimney foundation 4. The chimney body 11 is erected from the legs 20.

[0015] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the leg portion 20 includes a bottom plate 21 and a peripheral wall 22, and is formed in a box shape or pedestal shape with a quadrangular shape in plan view. The bottom plate 21 is composed of a quadrangular steel plate. The outer peripheral portion of the bottom plate 21 extends outward from the four sides of the peripheral wall 22 to form a bottom flange 21f. The bottom flange 21f is fixed to the chimney foundation 4 by anchor bolts 5. Thereby, the leg portion 30 is fixed to the chimney foundation 4 (structural floor). The anchor bolts 5 are embedded anchors that are embedded in the concrete when the concrete of the foundation 4 is placed, but are not limited thereto, and may be post-construction anchors that are placed when the rear chimney 10 is installed.

[0016] As shown in FIG. 3, a peripheral wall 22 is provided on the bottom plate 21. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the peripheral wall 22 is integrated with the outer wall 14 of the chimney body 11. The lower portion of the steel plate constituting the outer wall 14 forms the peripheral wall 22 of the leg portion 20. The peripheral wall 22 is abutted against the upper surface of the bottom plate 21 and welded. A plurality of vertical outer longitudinal ribs 24 are provided at intervals along the outer periphery of the peripheral wall 22 at the outer corner portions formed by the outer surface of the peripheral wall 22 and the bottom flange 21f. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, a plurality (only one is shown in the figure) of vertical inner longitudinal ribs 25 are provided at intervals along the inner periphery of the peripheral wall 22 at the inner corner portions formed by the inner surface of the peripheral wall 22 and the bottom plate 21. The upper end portions of the inner longitudinal ribs 25 are arranged at the middle height of the peripheral wall 22.

[0017] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a main body receiver 41 is provided on the inner surface (the left side surface in FIG. 2) of the peripheral wall 22 so as to protrude inward (leftward in FIG. 2) of the leg portion 20. The main body receiver 41 is formed in a quadrangular frame shape by a thick steel plate. The outer peripheral edge of the main body receiver 41 is abutted against the inner surface of the peripheral wall 22 and welded. And, the upper end portions of the inner longitudinal ribs 25 are abutted against the lower surface of the main body receiver 41 and welded, whereby the main body receiver 41 is supported from below by the inner longitudinal ribs 25 (support ribs).

[0018] The heat insulation wall 13 of the chimney body 11 is placed on and supported by the main body receiver 41. Note that the peripheral wall 22 of the leg portion 20 and the outer wall 14 of the chimney body 11 may be separate bodies. The lower end portion of the chimney body 11 may be inserted into the peripheral wall 22 that is separate from the outer wall 14.

[0019] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the internal space of the leg portion 20, a portion below the main body receiver 41 is filled with a low-specific-gravity heat insulating material 23. The specific gravity of the low-specific-gravity heat insulating material 23 is preferably 1 or less, and is sufficiently lighter than a castable refractory material mainly composed of sand. The material of the low-specific-gravity heat insulating material 23 is preferably heat-resistant glass felt, but is not limited thereto, and a heat-resistant foamed resin or the like may be used.

[0020] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a chimney bottom pan 30 is placed on the upper surface of the low-specific-gravity heat insulating material 23. The chimney bottom pan 30 includes a pan portion 31 excluding the outer peripheral portion and a held portion 32 formed of the outer peripheral portion, and is formed in a rectangular plate shape that conforms to the cross-sectional shape of the leg portion 20. As shown in FIG. 3, a drain port 35 is provided at the center of the pan portion 31. A drain gradient that slopes downward toward the drain port 35 is formed in the pan portion 31. Note that the position of the drain port 35 is not limited to the center of the pan portion 31, and may be at the end or corner of the pan portion 31.

[0021] As shown in FIG. 2, a held portion 32 is provided on the outer periphery of the pan portion 31. The held portion 32 does not have a drain gradient and is horizontal. A bent portion 36 is formed at the continuous portion between the held portion 32 and the pan portion 31.

[0022] As shown in FIG. 3, the chimney bottom pan 30 composed of the pan portion 31 and the held portion 32 is divided into four divided plates 34 at a diagonal dividing line 33 connecting the four corners and the drain port 35. The portion of each divided plate 34 that constitutes the pan portion 31 is inclined downward toward the drain port 35. The opposing edges of adjacent divided plates 34 are abutted and welded. The weld bead forms the dividing line 33.

[0023] Each partition plate 34 and thus the material of the chimney bottom pan 30 is preferably made of a corrosion-resistant metal such as stainless steel. The chimney bottom pan 30 only needs to have a shape-retaining property capable of maintaining a drainage gradient and does not need to bear the structural strength of the building chimney 10. Therefore, the chimney bottom pan 30 may be thin. For example, the thickness of the chimney bottom pan 30 is about 1 mm to several mm, but it may also be less than 1 mm.

[0024] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the chimney bottom pan 30 is stretched inside the peripheral wall 2. The chimney bottom pan 30 is arranged at a height near the main body receiver 41 or slightly below the main body receiver 41 inside the leg portion 20. The pan portion 31 covers the low specific gravity heat insulating material 23 exposed inside the main body receiver 41 and closes the inner space of the main body receiver 41.

[0025] As shown in FIG. 2, the held portion 32 is applied to the lower surface of the main body receiver 41 and is connected to the main body receiver 41 by bolts 42 and nuts 43. As shown in FIG. 3, the bolts 42 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the main body receiver 41.

[0026] The main body receiver 41, bolts 42 and nuts 43 constitute a support means 40. The held portion 32 is supported by the peripheral wall 22 via the support means 40. The main body receiver 41 for receiving the chimney main body 11 is provided as a support member for the chimney bottom pan 30.

[0027] As shown in FIG. 2, a relief recess 13d is formed in the lower end surface of the heat insulating wall 13 of the chimney main body 11. The head of the bolt 42 fits into the relief recess 13d. The head of the bolt 42 may be welded to the upper surface of the main body receiver 41.

[0028] As shown in Fig. 5, the outer end portion (the right end portion in Fig. 5) of the held portion 32 does not reach the peripheral wall 22 and is also separated from the inner vertical rib 25 toward the center side of the leg portion (the left side in Fig. 5). As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the insertion hole 32d through which the bolt 42 passes in the held portion 32 is a loose hole having a diameter sufficiently larger than the outer diameter of the neck portion of the bolt 42. The washer 44 between the chimney bottom pan 30 and the nut 43 has a diameter larger than that of the insertion hole 32d. Thereby, the thermal displacement (thermal expansion and thermal contraction) of the chimney bottom pan 30 in the in-plane direction is allowed. In other words, the support means 40 supports the chimney bottom pan 30 so as to allow the thermal displacement of the chimney bottom pan 30 in the in-plane direction.

[0029] In the building chimney 10, since the upper surface of the leg portion 20 is constituted by the chimney bottom pan 30 with a drainage gradient, the water on the leg portion 20 can flow down to the drain port 35 for drainage. The metal chimney bottom pan 30 only needs to have a minimum shape-retaining strength capable of holding the drainage gradient, and can be made as thin as possible to reduce the weight. The inner space of the leg portion below the chimney bottom pan 30 can be filled with a light-specific gravity heat insulating material 23 instead of the heavy-specific gravity castable refractory. Thereby, compared with the chimney leg portion having the castable refractory, the leg portion 20 can be sufficiently lightened. Therefore, the hoist for the carrying-out work of the leg portion 20 from the chimney manufacturing factory and the installation work of the leg portion 20 at the construction site of the building 1 can be miniaturized, and the work can be facilitated. Furthermore, the steady load on the chimney foundation 4 (structural floor) that receives the static load of the leg portion 20 can be reduced. Therefore, when constructing the building 1, it is possible to avoid the need to increase the number of steel bars or increase the thickness of the concrete slab constituting the chimney foundation 4.

[0030] The chimney bottom pan 30 is less likely to deteriorate over time compared to the castable refractory, and it is less likely to have deteriorated damaged parts such as cracks. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the risk of water seeping into and accumulating inside the leg portion 20 from such deteriorated damaged parts, and it is possible to reduce the risk of the steel materials such as the peripheral wall portion 22 and the bottom plate 21 of the leg portion 20 rusting. Since the metal chimney bottom pan 30 has a relatively large coefficient of linear expansion, it expands greatly due to the heat of the exhaust gas. On the other hand, since the insertion hole 32d is a loose hole with a diameter sufficiently larger than that of the bolt 42, the thermal expansion displacement of the chimney bottom pan 30 can be absorbed. Also, since a sufficient separation distance is set between the outer end of the held portion 32 and the inner vertical rib 25, even if the chimney bottom pan 30 thermally expands, the held portion 32 does not hit against the inner vertical rib 25 and the thermal expansion is not restricted. Of course, the held portion 32 does not hit against the peripheral wall 22 and the thermal expansion is not restricted.

[0031] Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. Regarding the configurations that overlap with those in the above-described embodiments in the following embodiments, the same reference numerals are given in the drawings and the description thereof is omitted. <Second Embodiment (Figs. 6 to 7)> As shown in Fig. 6, in the building chimney 10B according to the second embodiment of the present invention, a flange 26 is provided at the upper end of the leg portion 20. The flange 26 protrudes outward (rightward in Fig. 6) from the upper end of the peripheral wall 22. A support rib 27 is provided on the upper portion of the outer surface of the peripheral wall 22, and the flange 26 is supported from below by the support rib 27. The upper surface of the flange 26 is flush with the upper end surface of the peripheral wall 22.

[0032] At the lower end of the chimney body 11, a flange 16 is provided so as to protrude outward (rightward in Fig. 6). Reinforcing ribs 17 are provided on the upper surface of the flange 16. The lower surface of the flange 16 is flush with the lower surface of the bottom plate 18 that receives the heat insulating wall 13 at the lower end of the chimney body 11. The outer peripheral portion (right side portion in Fig. 6) of the bottom plate 18 may extend beyond the outer wall 14 and constitute the flange 16.

[0033] The chimney body 11 is placed on the leg portion 20. The lower surfaces of the bottom plate 18 and the flange 16 are abutted against the upper end surface of the peripheral wall 22 and the upper surface of the flange 26. The flanges 16 and 26 are connected by bolts 28.

[0034] As shown in Fig. 6, in the chimney 10B for a building, a chimney bottom pan 50 of a leg portion 20 is provided with a weir portion 52 between a pan portion 51 with a drainage gradient and a horizontal supported portion 53 (outer peripheral portion). The weir portion 52 surrounds the pan portion 51 and is a step that rises vertically from the pan portion 51. The supported portion 53 protrudes horizontally outward (rightward in Fig. 6) from the upper end portion of the weir portion 52.

[0035] As shown in Fig. 6, on the inner surface of the peripheral wall 22 of the leg portion 20 of the chimney 10B for a building, instead of the main body receiver 41 (Fig. 2), a pan receiver 61 (supporting means for the chimney bottom pan) is provided. The pan receiver 61 protrudes inward from the peripheral wall 22. Although detailed illustration is omitted, the pan receiver 61 is formed in a frame plate shape along the inner circumference of the peripheral wall 22. The outer peripheral portion of the pan receiver 61 is welded to the peripheral wall 22.

[0036] As shown in Fig. 6, the held portion 53 of the chimney bottom pan 50 is placed on the pan receiver 61. Thereby, the chimney bottom pan 50 is supported by the pan receiver 61. As shown in Fig. 7, a packing 62 is interposed between the held portion 53 and the pan receiver 61. The bottom plate 18 of the chimney main body 11 covers the held portion 53. A packing 63 is interposed between the bottom plate 18 and the held portion 53.

[0037] As shown in Fig. 7, the outer end portion 53e of the held portion 53 does not reach the inner surface of the peripheral wall 22 and is separated from the inner surface of the peripheral wall 22. Thereby, the held portion 53 can be displaced in the inner and outer directions (left and right in Fig. 7) along the upper surface of the pan receiver 61, and the thermal expansion of the chimney bottom pan 50 is allowed.

[0038] According to the chimney bottom pan 50 of the second embodiment, not only is a drainage gradient formed in the pan portion 51, but a stepped weir portion 52 is formed between the pan portion 51 and the held portion 53 (outer peripheral portion). Therefore, water on the pan portion 51 can be prevented from flowing into the held portion 53. Furthermore, the packing 62, 63 can prevent water from flowing around the outer end of the chimney bottom pan 50. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent water from soaking into the low specific gravity heat insulating material 23 and suppress rusting of steel materials such as the peripheral wall portion 22 and the bottom plate 21 of the leg portion 20.

[0039] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit thereof. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the chimney for a building, and thus the leg portion, is not limited to a quadrangle, and may be circular or a polygon other than a quadrangle.

Industrial Applicability

[0040] The present invention can be applied to chimneys attached to buildings such as commercial buildings and factories.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0041] 1 Building 1a Body 2 Atrium 3 Exhaust Duct 4 Chimney Foundation (Building Floor) 10, 10B Chimney for Building 11 Chimney Body 13 Heat Insulating Wall 13d Relief Recess 14 Outer Wall 15 Inner Wall 16 Flange 17 Reinforcing Rib 18 Bottom Plate 20 Leg Portion 21 Bottom Plate 22 Peripheral Wall 23 Low Specific Gravity Heat Insulating Material 24 Outer Vertical Rib 25 Inner Vertical Rib 26 Flange 27 Support Rib 28 bolts 30 chimney bottom pan 31 pan portion 32 held portion (outer peripheral portion) 32d insertion hole 33 dividing line 34 dividing plate 35 drain opening 36 bent portion (continuous portion) 40 supporting means 41 body receiver 42 bolt 43 nut 44 washer 50 chimney bottom pan 51 pan portion 53 supported portion (outer peripheral portion) 52 weir portion 61 pan receiver (supporting means for chimney bottom pan) 62, 63 packing

Claims

1. It comprises legs installed on the building's structural floor and a chimney body rising from the legs, wherein the legs include a peripheral wall and a chimney bottom pan made of a metal plate stretched inside the peripheral wall, and is characterized as a chimney for a building.

2. The chimney for a building according to Claim 1, wherein the legs are provided with support means for supporting the chimney bottom pan so as to allow thermal displacement in the in-plane direction.

3. The legs are provided with a body receiver that protrudes inward from the peripheral wall and on which the lower end of the chimney body is placed, the outer peripheral portion of the chimney bottom pan is applied to the lower surface of the body receiver and connected by bolts, an insertion hole for inserting the bolts is formed in the outer peripheral portion, and the insertion hole is a clearance hole, and is characterized as a chimney for a building according to Claim 1 or 2.

4. The chimney for a building according to Claim 2, wherein the support means has a pan receiver protruding inward from the peripheral wall, the outer peripheral portion of the chimney bottom pan is placed on the pan receiver, and the inner surface of the peripheral wall and the outer peripheral portion of the chimney bottom pan are spaced apart so as to allow the thermal displacement.

5. Legs installed on the building's structural floor in a chimney for a building, including a peripheral wall, and a chimney bottom pan made of a metal plate stretched inside the peripheral wall, and is characterized as legs of a chimney for a building.

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