Fatty acid derivatives for improving the efficacy of pesticide active substances - Patent Application 20070122993

Abstract

Formula (I) TIFF2022521280000017.tif23170[In the formula, R 1 is a linear or branched alkyl group containing 5 to 17 carbon atoms R 2 , R 3 are independently hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or hydroxymethyl, with the proviso that R 2 and R 3 one of which is hydrogen and the other is different from hydrogen, m and n are numbers from 0 to 17, provided that m+n≧1 and m+n+p<18; The different monomers can be arranged in a statistical order, alternating, or as a block copolymer; R 4 is hydrogen or an alkyl group that is linear or branched and contains 1 to 10 carbon atoms. can improve the wettability, retention and / or uptake of a pesticidal active in and on a target organism, wherein said pesticidal active is different from a fatty acid derivative of formula (I).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the use of certain fatty acid derivatives to improve the efficacy of pesticidal active substances in and on plants, and their use as adjuvants in pesticidal compositions. The present invention also relates to pesticidal compositions comprising said fatty acid derivatives. [Background technology]

[0002] Pesticide active ingredients, primarily fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides, are chemicals or natural substances that penetrate into and damage and / or destroy plant cells, plant tissues, or parasites in or on plants. Herbicides account for the majority of such active ingredients. They are usually used in the form of pesticide compositions (formulations).

[0003] The biological activity of a pesticidal active can be determined by reference to plant growth or damage caused to the plant by the action of the pesticidal active on the leaves or through the roots as a function of exposure time and exposure concentration.

[0004] A common problem is that only a small portion of the pesticide active substance exhibits the desired activity, with the majority being lost due to the fact that upon application of the spray mixture, the active substance does not reach the plant leaves or roots, is not used, soaks into the soil, is washed away by rain, or is not absorbed by the plant.

[0005] This ecological and economic disadvantage can be reduced by adding adjuvants to the pesticide composition. These adjuvants can, for example, improve plant wetting or ensure that the active substance adheres to the plant surface longer or is better absorbed. The nature and amount of adjuvants used often have a decisive effect on the activity of the pesticide composition.

[0006] The use of certain fatty acid derivatives in pesticide compositions is known and is described, for example, in EP 2446743 A1 (Patent Document 1), US 6,068,849 (Patent Document 2), US-A 2016 / 010227 (Patent Document 3), JP 06279804 A (Patent Document 4), JP 08157819 A (Patent Document 5), US 4,975,113 (Patent Document 6) and JP 2018-100261 (Patent Document 7). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] EP2446743A1 [Patent Document 2] US6,068,849 [Patent Document 3] US-A 2016 / 010227 [Patent Document 4] JP06279804A [Patent Document 5] JP08157819A [Patent Document 6] US4,975,113 [Patent Document 7] JP2018-100261 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] Although good results have already been achieved with known systems, for technical, economic and ecological reasons there is still a need to find suitable adjuvants that effectively increase the performance of pesticide compositions under various aspects under practical conditions. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] It has now been found that certain fatty acid derivatives are particularly suitable for improving the wettability and / or retention and / or foliar uptake of pesticidal active substances in and on plants.

[0010] Thus, in one aspect, the present invention relates to the use of one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) for improving the wettability, retention and / or uptake of agrochemical active substances in and on target organisms.

[0011] [ka] [In the formula, R 1 is a linear or branched alkyl group containing 5 to 17 carbon atoms R 2 , R 3 are independently hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or hydroxymethyl, with the proviso that R 2 and R 3 one of which is hydrogen and the other is different from hydrogen; m and n are numbers from 0 to 17, provided that m+n≧1 and m+n+p<18; The different monomers can be arranged in a statistical order, alternating, or as a block copolymer; R 4 is hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms; The agrochemically active substance is different from the fatty acid derivative of formula (I), thereby providing the use.

[0012] Some of the fatty acids of formula (I) are novel as adjuvants in pesticidal compositions containing pesticidal active substances.

[0013] Therefore, in a further aspect, the present invention relates to the use of one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (Ia) as adjuvants to improve the effect of active pesticidal ingredients.

[0014] [ka] [In the formula, R 1is an alkyl group that is linear or branched and contains 5 to 13 carbon atoms; R 2 , R 3 are independently hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or hydroxymethyl; m and n are numbers from 0 to 12, provided that m+n>4 and m+n<12, where: The different monomers can be arranged in a statistical order, alternating, or as a block copolymer; R 4 is a methyl group], The agrochemical active ingredient provides the above uses different from the fatty acid derivatives of formula (I).

[0015] As used herein, an "adjuvant" is an ingredient that improves the biological effect of a pesticidal active without having a biological effect at the concentration at which it is used. Adjuvants can, among other things, improve the wettability, retention, and / or foliar uptake of the pesticidal active in and on the plant.

[0016] As used herein, the phrase "pesticidally active" generally refers to a pesticidally active compound that is different from the fatty acid derivatives of formulas (I) and (Ia).

[0017] In a further aspect, the present invention provides an agrochemical composition which is an agrochemical concentrate comprising at least one agrochemically active ingredient other than the fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) and one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (Ia) as adjuvants, wherein the concentration of the one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (Ia) is 0.001 to 99% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 1 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the spray solution.

[0018] In a further aspect, the present invention provides an agricultural chemical composition which is a spray liquid comprising at least one agriculturally active ingredient other than the fatty acid derivative of formula (I) in claim 1 and one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (Ia), wherein the concentration of the one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (Ia) is 0.0001 to 1% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 0.5% by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 0.2% by weight, and particularly 0.03 to 0.1% by weight, based on the total amount of the spray liquid.

[0019] In a further aspect, the present invention provides a method for improving the effect of a pesticidal active ingredient other than a fatty acid derivative of formula (Ia) in and on a plant, the method comprising the step of adding one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) to an active pesticidal ingredient.

[0020] The fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) above can be used to prepare active ingredient compositions of the present invention which have superior performance properties.

[0021] The fatty acid derivatives of the present invention not only promote wetting and retention of pesticidal active substances on plants, especially on leaves, but also promote penetration into plants of pesticidal inactive substances contained in crop protection products, and this improvement in properties is achieved even at low concentrations of the fatty acid derivatives of the present invention.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fatty derivative of formula (I) is a fatty acid derivative of formula (Ia), i.e. the symbols and indices of formula (I) have the meaning of the corresponding symbols and indices of formula (Ia).

[0023] In further preferred embodiments, the symbols and indices in formulae (I) and (Ia) have the following meanings: R 1 is preferably a straight-chain alkyl group.

[0024] R 1 is preferably an alkyl group having 5 to 11, preferably 7 to 9 carbon atoms, which is preferably linear.

[0025] R 2 , R 3 is preferably hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, more preferably hydrogen or methyl.

[0026] m is preferably a number of 0 to 5.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, m is 0.

[0028] In a further embodiment, it is a number from 1 to 5.

[0029] n is preferably a number equal to or greater than 0 and less than 12.

[0030] When m is 0, n is a number >4, preferably ≧5, more preferably >5 to <12, preferably <9, more preferably ≦7.

[0031] m+n is preferably >4, more preferably ≧5 and <12, preferably <9, more preferably ≦7.

[0032] The term "number" as used herein means 0 or a positive rational number. m and n are statistical values, and therefore, the monomer units m and n can be in a statistical mixture.

[0033] Further preferred are fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) and (Ia), wherein: R 1 is a linear alkyl group having 7 to 9 carbon atoms; m is 0; n is a number >4, preferably ≧5 to ≦9, preferably ≦7, and R 4 is a methyl group.

[0034] Particularly preferred are the fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) and (Ia) identified in the examples as A1 and A2.

[0035] The fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) can be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art, as described, for example, in US Pat. No. 7,595,291 B2 (BASF SE, Esterified alkyl alkoxylates used as low-foam surfactants). These compounds are typically prepared by condensing a fatty acid or fatty acid ester with the corresponding alcohol alkoxylate in the presence of an acidic catalyst, removing water or alcohol, respectively. Alcohol alkoxylate derivatives are prepared by reacting suitable precursors, such as alcohols and / or alkoxylated alcohols, with alkylene oxides in the presence of an alkoxylation catalyst. In particular, NaOMe, KOMe, NaOH, KOH, alkaline earth catalysts, or double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts can be used (e.g., SHELL OIL COMPANY - US2012 / 310004, 2012, A1 Nonyl alcohols with a low degree of branching and their derivatives). The composition of the alkylene oxide chains can be either a single pure alkylene oxide (preferably selected from the group ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or butylene oxide) or a copolymer of binary or ternary mixtures of alkylene oxides, said copolymers may be arranged in a statistical distribution, alternating, as block copolymers or as mixtures thereof.

[0036] Compounds of similar chemical composition can be achieved by reacting a carboxylic acid ester with one or more alkylene oxides in the presence of a suitable insertion catalyst, the ester being preferably, but not limited to, a methyl ester. Specific procedures are disclosed, for example, in Scholz HJ, Stuehler H., Quack J., Schuler W., Trautmann M. (1988) Refining the Alkyl-Coated Carbonate of Esters and Its Application, DE 3810793A1 (Hoechst), Weerasooriya U, Robertson DT, Lin J, Leach BE, Aeschbacher CL, Sandoval TS (1995) Process for Alkoxylation of Esters and Products Produced Therefrom, U.S. Pat. No. 5,386,045, and Tanaka T, Imamaka T, Kaeaguchi T, Nagumo H (1997) Process for Producing Ester Alkoxide Compounds and Surfactants Comprising Ester Alkoxylate Compounds, EP 0783012.

[0037] The detailed teachings in the Examples section detailing how to prepare these and additional compounds of the present invention can be further used.

[0038] One or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) can be used in the preparation of a pesticide composition. The result here is a composition for use in accordance with the present invention, comprising one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) and one or more pesticide active substances.

[0039] In the context of the present invention, "pesticidal composition" is understood to mean a composition comprising one or more pesticidal active substances (different from the fatty acid derivatives of the present invention) and one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (I). Pesticidal active substances include, in particular, pesticides, plant hormones, preferably growth regulators, biological pesticides, salts that can be developed in water, preferably fertilizers or plant nutrients or fungicidal copper compounds, and repellents.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) are in the form of a tankmix additive, which means that the one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) are added to the spray liquid produced from the pesticide concentrate only shortly before deployment.

[0041] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) are in the form of an in-can variant, which means that the one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) are already incorporated into an agrochemical concentrate together with the agrochemically active substance(s) and optionally further components of the agrochemical concentrate, and are deployed as a spray solution after dilution with water.

[0042] When the fatty acid derivative of formula (I) or (Ia) is used in the form of an agrochemical concentrate, it is generally in a concentration of 0.001 to 99% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 1 to 20% by weight, based on the total agrochemical concentrate.

[0043] The one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) are preferably used in ready-to-use pesticide compositions in the form of spray solutions, in which case the amount of the one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) in the spray solution is preferably 0.0001 to 1% by weight, more preferably 0.001 to 0.5% by weight, particularly preferably 0.01 to 0.2% by weight, and very particularly preferably 0.03 to 0.1% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the spray solution. The term pesticide composition therefore encompasses pesticide concentrates and spray solutions.

[0044] If the active ingredient composition comprises two or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (I), the amounts stated are understood to mean the total content of all fatty acid derivatives of formula (I).

[0045] The pesticidal active substance present in the pesticidal composition of the present invention may be a single pesticidal active substance or a mixture of two or more pesticidal active substances. The pesticidal active substance can generally be used in a pesticidal composition, such as a crop treatment composition, to achieve a desired effect in the treated species, such as a plant.

[0046] Preferably, the pesticidal active is one or more pesticides.

[0047] "Pesticides" in the context of the present invention is understood to mean herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, acaricides, bactericides, molluscicides, nematicides, plant growth regulators and rodenticides. An overview of the most relevant pesticides can be found, for example, in "The Pesticide Manual" from the British Crop Protection Council, 18th edition, 2018, editor: Dr. J. A. Turner. Hereby, explicit reference is made to the active ingredients listed therein, which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0048] Examples of herbicides include: Acetochlor, acibenzolar, acibenzolar-S-methyl, acifluorfen, acifluorfen sodium, aclonifen, alachlor, allidochlor, alloxydim, alloxydim sodium, ametryne, amicarbazone, amidochlor, amidosulfuron, aminocyclopyrachlor, aminocyclopyrachlor-potassium, aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl, aminopyralid, amitrole, ammonium sulfamate sulfamat, ancymidol, anilofos, asulam, atrazine, aviglycine, azafenidin, azimsulfuron, aziprothrin, beflubutamid, benazolin, benazolin-ethyl, bencarbazone, benfluralin nfluralin, benfuresate, bensulide, bensulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl, bentazone, benzfendizone, benzobicyclon, benzofenap, benzofluor, benzoylprop, benzyladenine,Bicyclopyrone, bifenox, bilanafos, bilanafos-sodium, bispyribac, bispyribac-sodium, bromacil, bromobutide, bromofenoxim, bromoxynil, bromuron, buminafos, busoxinone, butachlor butachlor, butafenacil, butamifos, butenachlor, butralin, butroxydim, butyrate, cafenstrole, carbaryl, carbetamide, carfentrazone, carfentrazone-ethyl, carvone, chlorocholine chloride chloride), chlormethoxyfen, chloramben, chlorazifop, chlorazifop-butyl, chlorbromuron, chlorbufam, chlorfenac, chlorfenac sodium, chlorfenprop, chlorflurenol, chlorflurenol-methyl, chloridazon, chlorimuron, chlorimuron-ethyl, chlormequat chloride, chlornitrofen,4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, chlorophthalim, chlorpropham, chlorthal-dimethyl, chlortoluron, chlorsulfuron, cinidon, cinidon-ethyl, cinmethylin, cinosulfuron, clethodim, clodinafop fop), clodinafop-propargyl, clofencet, clomazone, clomeprop, cloprop, clopyralid, cloransulam, cloransulam-methyl, cloxyfonac, cumyluron, cyanamide, cyanamide Cyanazine, cyclanilide, cycloate, cyclosulfamuron, cycloxydim, cycluron, cyhalofop, cyhalofop-butyl, cyperquat, cyprazine, cyprazole, cytokinin, 2,4-D, 2, 4-DB, daimuron / dymron, dalapon, daminozide, dazomet, n-decanol, desmedipham, desmetryn, detosyl-pyrazolate (DTP), diallate, diaminozide, dicamba, dichlobenil,Dichlorprop, dichlorprop-P, diclofop, diclofop-methyl, diclofop-P-methyl, diclosulam, diethathyl, diethathyl-ethyl, difenoxuron, difenzoquat t), diflufenican, diflufenzopyr, diflufenzopyr sodium, dikegulac sodium, dimefuron, dimepiperate, dimethachlor, dimethametryn, dimethenamid, di Methenamid P (dimethenamid-P), dimethipin (dimethipin), dimetrasulfuron (dimetrasulfuron), dinitramine (dinitramine), dinoseb (dinoseb), dinoterb (dinoterb), diphenamid (diphenamid), diisopropylnaphthalene (diisopropylnaphthalene), dipropetryn (dipropetryn), diquat (diquat), diquat dibromide (diqu at-dibromide), dithiopyr, diuron, DNOC, eglinazine-ethyl, endothal, EPTC, esprocarb, ethalfluralin, ethametsulfuron, ethametsulfuron-methyl, ethyl naphthylacetate, ethephon, ethidimuron, ethiozin, ethofumesate,Ethoxyfen, ethoxyfen-ethyl, ethoxysulfuron, etobenzanid, F-5331, i.e., N-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-[4-(3fluoropropyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-1H-tetrazol-1-yl]phenyl]-ethanesulfonamide, F-7967, i.e., 3-[7-chloro-5-fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-4-yl]-1-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione , fenoprop, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-P, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, fenoxasulfone, fentrazamide, fenuron, flamprop, flamprop-m-isopropyl, flamprop-m-methyl, Flazasulfuron, florasulam, fluazifop, fluazifop-P, fluazifop-butyl, fluazifop-P-butyl, fluazolate, flucarbazone, flucarbazone-sodium, flucetosulfuron, Fluchloralin, flufenacet (thiafluamide), flufenpyr, flufenpyr-ethyl, flumetralin, flumetsulam, flumiclorac, flumiclorac-pentyl, flumioxazin, flumipropion yn), fluometuron, fluorodifen, fluoroglycofen, fluoroglycofen-ethyl, flupoxam, flupropacil, flupropanate, flupyrsulfuron, flupyrsulfuron-methyl-sodium, flupyrsulfuron-methyl-sodium, flurenol, flurenol-butyl, fluridone, flurochloridone, fluroxypyr, fluroxypyr-meptyl, flurprimidol, flurtamone, fluthiacet, fluthiacet-methyl, fluthiamide,Fomesafen, foramsulfuron, forchlorfenuron, fosamine, furyloxyfen, gibberellic acid acid, glufosinate, glufosinate-ammonium, glufosinate-P, glufosinate-P-ammonium, glufosinate-P-sodium, glyphosate, glyphosate-isopropylammonium, H-9201, i.e., O-(2,4-dimethyl-6-nitrophenyl) O-ethyl isopropyl phosphoramidothioate, halosafen, halosulfuron, halosulfuron-methyl, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-P, haloxyfop-ethoxyethyl thyl), haloxyfop-P-ethoxyethyl, haloxyfop-methyl, haloxyfop-P-methyl, hexazinone, HW-02, i.e., 1-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)ethyl (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetate, imazamethabenz, imazamethabenz-methyl, imazamox, imazamox-ammonium, imazapic, imazapyr, imazapyr-isopropylammonium, imazaquin, imazaquin-ammonium, imazethapyr,Imazethapyr-ammonium, imazosulfuron, inabenfide, indanofan, indaziflam, indoleacetic acid (IAA), 4-indol-3-ylbutyric acid acid (IBA), iodosulfuron, iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium, iofensulfuron, iofensulfuron-sodium, ioxynil, ipfencarbazone, isocarbamide, isopropalin, isoproturon, isouron, isoxaben, iso Isoxachlortole, isoxaflutole, isoxapyrifop, KUH-043, i.e., 3-({[5-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]methyl}sulfonyl)-5,5-dimethyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazole, karbutilate, ketospiradox, lactofen, lenacil, linuron, maleic hydrazide hydrazide), MCPA, MCPB, MCPB-methyl, -ethyl and -sodium, mecoprop, mecoprop-sodium, mecoprop-butotyl, mecoprop-P-butotyl, mecoprop-P-dimethylammonium, mecoprop-P-2-ethylhexyl,Mecoprop-P-potassium, mefenacet, mefluidide, mepiquat chloride, mesosulfuron, mesosulfuron-methyl, mesotrione, methabenzthiazuron, metam, metamifop, metamitron, metazachlor, metazasulfuron, methazole, methiopyrsulfuron, methiozolin, methoxyphenone, methyldymron, 1-methylcyclopropene, methyl isothiocyanate isothiocyanate, metobenzuron, metobromuron, metolachlor, S-metolachlor, metosulam, metoxuron, metribuzin, metsulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl, molinate, monalide, monocarbamide, Monocarbamide dihydrogensulfate, monolinuron, monosulfuron, monosulfuron ester, monuron, MT-128, i.e., 6-chloro-N-[(2E)-3-chloroprop-2-en-1-yl]-5-methyl-N-phenylpyridazin-3-amine, MT-5950, i.e., N-[3-chloro-4-(1-methylethyl)phenyl]-2-methylpentanamide, NGGC-011, 1-naphthylacetic acid (NAA), naphthylacetamide (NAAm), 2-naphthoxyacetic acid, naproanilide, naproxenamide naproxen, naptalam, NC-310, i.e., 4-(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)-1-methyl-5-benzyloxypyrazole, neburon, nicosulfuron, nipyraclofen, nitralin, nitrofen, nitroguaiacolate, nitrophenolate sodium (mixture of isomers), nitrofluorfen, nonanoic acid acid), norflurazon, orbencarb, orthosulfamuron, oryzalin, oxadiargyl, oxadiazon, oxasulfuron, oxaziclomefone, oxyfluorfen, paclobutrazole, paraquat, paraquat dichloride, pelargonic acid (nonanoic acid), pendimethalin, pendralin, penoxsulam,Pentanochlor, pentoxazone, perfluidone, pethoxamid, phenisopham, phenmedipham, phenmedipham-ethyl, picloram, picolinafen, pinoxaden, piperophos, pirifenop enop, pirifenop-butyl, pretilachlor, primisulfuron, primisulfuron-methyl, probenazole, profluazole, procyazine, prodiamine, prifluraline, profoxydim, prohexadione rohexadione, prohexadione-calcium, prohydrojasmone, prometon, prometryn, propachlor, propanil, propaquizafop, propazine, propham, propisochlor, propoxycarbazone azone, propoxycarbazone sodium, propyrisulfuron, propyzamide, prosulfalin, prosulfocarb, prosulfuron, prinachlor, pyraclonil, pyraflufen, pyraflufen-ethyl,Pyrasulfotole, pyrazolynate (pyrazolate, pyrazosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, pyrazoxyfen, pyribambenz, pyribambenz-isopropyl, pyribambenz-propyl, pyribenzoxim benzoxim, pyributicarb, pyridafol, pyridate, pyriftalid, pyriminobac, pyriminobac-methyl, pyrimisulfan, pyrithiobac, pyrithiobac-sodium, pyroxasulfone, pyroxsulam xsulam, quinclorac, quinmerac, quinoclamine, quizalofop, quizalofop-ethyl, quizalofop-P, quizalofop-P-ethyl, quizalofop-P-tefuryl, rimsulfuron, saflufenacil, secvume secbumeton, sethoxydim, siduron, simazine, simetryn, SN-106279, i.e., methyl (2R)-2-({7-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-naphthyl}oxy)propanoate), sulcotrione, sulfalate (CDEC), sulfentrazone, sulfometuron,Sulfometuron-methyl, sulfosate (glyphosate-trimesium), sulfosulfuron, SW-065, SYN-523, SYP-249, i.e., 1-ethoxy-3-methyl-1-oxobut-3-en-2-yl 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoate, SYP-300, i.e., 1-[7-fluoro-3-oxo-4-(propan-1-yl)methyl]phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoate, [2-yn-1-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl]-3-propyl-2-thioxoimidazolidine-4,5-dione, tebutam, tebuthiuron, tecnazene, tefuryltrione, tembotrione, tepraloxydim, terbacil, terbucarb, terbuchlor, terbume Terbumeton, terbuthylazine, terbutryne, thenylchlor, thiafluamide, thiazafluron, thiazopyr, thidiazimin, thidiazuron, thiencarbazone, thiencarbazone-methyl, thifensul Thifensulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, thiobencarb, thiocarbazil, topramezone, tralkoxydim, triafamone, triallate, triasulfuron, triaziflam, triazofenamide,Tribenuron, tribenuron-methyl, tribufos, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), triclopyr, tridiphane, trietazine, trifloxysulfuron, trifloxysulfuron-sodium, trifluralin, triflusulfuron, triflusulfuron-methyl, trimeturon uron, trinexapac, trinexapac-ethyl, tritosulfuron, tositodef, uniconazole, uniconazole-P, vernolate, ZJ-0862, i.e., 3,4-dichloro-N-{2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]benzyl}aniline, and the following compound:

[0049] [ka] Plant hormones control physiological responses such as growth, flowering rhythm, cell division and seed maturation. Examples of growth regulators include natural and synthetic plant hormones, such as abscisic acid, benzyladenine, caprylic acid, decanol, indoleacetic acid, jasmonic acid and its esters, salicylic acid and its esters, gibberellic acid, kinetin and brassinosteroids.

[0050] Examples of fungicides include:

[0051] (1) Inhibitors of ergosterol biosynthesis, such as aldimorph, azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, diclobutrazol, difenoconazole, diniconazole, diniconazole M, dodemorph, dodemorph acetate, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenarimol, fenbuconazole, fenhexamid, fenpropidin, fenpropimorph, fluquinconazole, fluprimidol, flusilazole, flutriafol, Fluconazole, fluconazole-cis, hexaconazole, imazalil, imazalil sulfate, imibenconazole, ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, naftifin, nuarimol, oxpoconazole, paclobutrazol, pefurazoate, penconazole, piperalin, prochloraz, propiconazole, prothioconazole, pyributicarb, pyrifenox, quinconazole, simeconazole, spiroxamine, tebuconazole terbinafine, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, tridemorph, triflumizole, triforine, triticonazole, uniconazole, uniconazole-p, viniconazole, voriconazole, 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)cycloheptanol, methyl 1-(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl) )-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate, N'-{5-(difluoromethyl)-2-methyl-4-[3-(trimethylsilyl)propoxy]phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, N-ethyl-N-methyl-N'-{2-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4-[3-(trimethylsilyl)propoxy]phenyl}imidoformamide and O-[1-(4-methoxyphenoxy)-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl]-1H-imidazole-1-carbothioate.

[0052] (2) Inhibitors of respiration (respiratory chain inhibitors), such as bixafen, boscalid, carboxin, diflumetrim, fenfuram, fluopyram, flutolanil, fluxapyroxad, furametpyr, flumecyclox, isopyrazam (a mixture of syn-epimeric racemates 1RS,4SR,9RS and anti-epimeric racemates 1RS,4SR,9SR), isopyrazam (anti-epimeric racemate), isopyrazam (anti-epimeric enantiomer 1R,4S,9S), Isopyrazam (anti-epimer enantiomer 1S,4R,9R), Isopyrazam (syn-epimer racemic 1RS,4SR,9RS), Isopyrazam (syn-epimer enantiomer 1R,4S,9R), Isopyrazam (syn-epimer enantiomer 1S,4R,9S), Mepronil, Oxycarboxin, Penflufen, Penthiopyrad, Sedaxane, Thifluzamide, 1-methyl-N-[2-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)phenyl]-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3-(difluoromethyl)- 1-Methyl-N-[2-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-[4-fluoro-2-(1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropoxy)phenyl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-[1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxypropan-2-yl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 5,8-difluoro-N-[2-(2-fluoro-4-{[4-(trifluoro methyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]quinazolin-4-amine, N-[9-(dichloromethylene)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-[(1S,4R)-9-(dichloromethylene)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide and N-[(1R,4S)-9-(dichloromethylene)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide.

[0053] (3) Respiratory inhibitors acting on complex III of the respiratory chain (respiratory chain inhibitors), such as ametocladine, amisulbrom, azoxystrobin, cyazofamid, coumethoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, dimoxystrobin, enestroburin, famoxadone, fenamidone, phenoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, picoxystrobin oxystrobin), pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, pyraoxystrobin, pyribencarb, triclopiricarb, trifloxystrobin, (2E)-2-(2-{[6-(3-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methylethanamide, (2E)-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methyl-2-(2-{[({(1E)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethylidene}amino )oxy]methyl}phenyl)ethanamide, (2E)-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methyl-2-{2-[(E)-({1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethoxy}imino)methyl]phenyl}ethanamide, (2E)-2-{2-[({[(1E)-1-(3-{[(E)-1-fluoro-2-phenylethenyl]oxy}phenyl)ethylidene]-amino}oxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methylethanamide, (2E)-2-{2-[({[(2 E,3E)-4-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)but-3-en-2-ylidene]amino}oxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methylethanamide, 2-chloro-N-(1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide, 5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-(2-{[({(1E)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethylidene}amino)oxy]methyl}phenyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-Triazol-3-one, methyl (2E)-2-{2-[({cyclopropyl[(4-methoxyphenyl)imino]methyl}sulfanyl)methyl]phenyl}-3-methoxyprop-2-enoate, N-(3-ethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl)-3-(formylamino)-2-hydroxybenzamide, 2-{2-[(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-methoxy-N-methylacetamide, and (2R)-2-{2-[(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-methoxy-N-methylacetamide.

[0054] (4) Mitotic and cytotoxic agents, such as benomyl, carbendazim, chlorphenazole, diethofencarb, ethaboxam, fluopicolide, fuberidazole, pencycuron, thiabendazole, thiophanate methyl, thiophanate, zoxamide, 5-chloro-7-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-6-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine, and 3-chloro-5-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)-6-methyl-4-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)-pyridazine.

[0055] (5) Compounds with multi-site activity, such as Bordeaux mixture, captafol, captan, chlorothalonil, copper preparations such as copper hydroxide, copper naphthenate, copper oxide, copper oxychloride, copper sulfate, dichlofluanid, dithianon, dodine, dodine free base, ferbam, fluorofolpet, folpet, guazatine, guazatine acetate, iminoctadine, iminoctadine albesilate, iminoctadine triacetate, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, metiram zinc, oxine-copper, propamidine, propineb, sulfur and sulfur preparations such as calcium polysulfide, thiram, tolylfluanid, zineb and ziram.

[0056] (6) Resistant derivatives, such as acibenzolar S-methyl, isotianil, probenazole and tiadinil.

[0057] (7) Amino acid and protein biosynthesis inhibitors, such as andoprim, blasticidin-S, cyprodinil, kasugamycin, kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate, mepanipyrim, pyrimethanil, and 3-(5-fluoro-3,3,4,4-tetramethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl)quinoline.

[0058] (8) Inhibitors of ATP production, such as fentin acetate, fentin chloride, fentin hydroxide, and silthiofam.

[0059] (9) Cell wall synthesis inhibitors, such as benthiavalicarb, dimethomorph, flumorph, iprovalicarb, mandipropamid, polyoxins, polyoxorim, validamycin A, and valifenalate.

[0060] (10) Lipid and membrane synthesis inhibitors, such as biphenyl, chloroneb, dicloran, edifenphos, etridiazole, iodocarb, iprobenfos, isoprothiolane, propamocarb, propamocarb hydrochloride, prothiocarb, pyrazophos, quintozene, tecnazene, and tolclofos-methyl.

[0061] (11) Melanin biosynthesis inhibitors, such as carpropamid, diclocymet, fenoxanil, phthalide, pyroquilon, tricyclazole, and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl{3-methyl-1-[(4-methylbenzoyl)amino]butan-2-yl}carbamate.

[0062] (12) Nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors, such as benalaxyl, benalaxyl M (chiralaxyl), bupirimate, clozylacon, dimethirimol, ethirimol, furalaxyl, hymexazole, metalaxyl, metalaxyl M (mefenoxam), ofurace, oxadixyl, and oxolinic acid.

[0063] (13) Signal transduction inhibitors, such as chlozolinate, fenpiclonil, fludioxonil, iprodione, procymidone, quinoxyfen, and vinclozolin.

[0064] (14) Uncouplers, such as binapacryl, dinocap, ferimzone, fluazinam, and meptyldinocap.

[0065] (15) Further compounds, such as benthiazole, bethoxazin, capsimycin, carvone, chinomethionate, pyriophenone (chlazafenone), khufraneb, cyflufenamid, cymoxanil, cyprosulfamide, dazomet, debacarb, dichlorophen, diclomedine, difenzoquat, difenzoquat methylsulfate, diphenylamine, ecomate, fenpyrazamine, flumetber , fluoromide, flusulfamide, fluthianil, fosetyl aluminum, fosetyl calcium, fosetyl sodium, hexachlorobenzene, irumamycin, methasulfocarb, methyl isothiocyanate, metrafenone, mildiomycin, natamycin, nickel dimethyldithiocarbamate, nitrothar-isopropyl, octhilinone, oxamocarb, oxyfenthi in), pentachlorophenol and its salts, fenothrin, phosphoric acid and its salts, propamocarb-fosetylate, propanosine-sodium, proquinazide, pyrimorph, (2E)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-3-(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)-1-(morpholin-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, (2Z)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-3-(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)-1-(morpholin-4-yl)prop- 2-en-1-one, pyrrolnitrin, tebufloquine, tecloftalam, tolnifanid, triazoxide, triclamide, zaliramide, (3S,6S,7R,8R)-8-benzyl-3-[({3-[(isobutyryloxy)methoxy)-4-methoxypyridin-2-yl]carbonyl}amino)-6-methyl-4,9-dioxo-1,5-dioxonan-7-yl 2-methylpropanoate, 1-(4-{4-[(5R)-5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]ethanone, 1-(4-{4-[(5S)-5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]ethanone 1-(4-{4-[5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]ethanone, ...methoxyphenoxy)-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl 1H-Imidazole-1-carboxylate, 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-4-(methylsulfonyl)pyridine, 2,3-dibutyl-6-chlorothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one, 2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H-[1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c']dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone, 2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-1-(4-{4-[(5R)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)ethanone, 2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-1- (4-{4-[(5S)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)ethanone, 2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-1-{4-[4-(5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]piperidin-1-yl}ethanone, 2-butoxy-6-iodo-3-propyl-4H-chromen-4-one, 2-chloro-5-[2-chloro-1-(2,6-difluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl]pyridine, 2-phenylphenol and their salts, 3-(4,4,5-trifluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl)quinoline, 3,4,5-trichloropyridine-2,6-dicarbonitrile, 3-[5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dimethyl-1,2-oxazolidin-3-yl]pyridine, 3-chloro-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-6-methylpyridazine, 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-3,6-dimethylpyridazine, 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol, 5-chloro- N'-Phenyl-N'-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)thiophene-2-sulfonohydrazide, 5-fluoro-2-[(4-fluorobenzyl)oxy]pyrimidin-4-amine, 5-fluoro-2-[(4-methylbenzyl)oxy]pyrimidin-4-amine, 5-methyl-6-octyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-amine, ethyl-(2Z)-3-amino-2-cyano-3-phenylprop-2-enoate, N'-(4-{[3-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl]oxy}-2 ,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, N-(4-chlorobenzyl)-3-[3-methoxy-4-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)phenyl]propanamide, N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(cyano)methyl]-3-[3-methoxy-4-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)phenyl]propanamide, N-[(5-bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)methyl]-2,4-dichloropyridine-3-carboxamide, N-[1-(5-bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)ethyl]-2,4-di Chloropyridine-3-carboxamide, N-[1-(5-bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)ethyl]-2-fluoro-4-iodopyridine-3-carboxamide, N-{(E)-[(cyclopropylmethoxy)imino][6-(difluoromethoxy)-2,3-difluorophenyl]methyl}-2-phenylacetamide, N-{(Z)-[(cyclopropylmethoxy)imino][6-(difluoromethoxy)-2,3-difluorophenyl]methyl}-2-phenylacetamide, N'-{4-[(3-tert-butyl-4-cyano-1,2-thiazol-5-yl)oxy]-2-chloro-5-methylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, N-methyl-2-(1-{[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-N-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide, N-methyl-2-(1-{[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-N-[(1R)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide, N-methyl-2-(1-{[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-N-[(1R)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide tert-butyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-N-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide, pentyl-{6-[({[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)(phenyl)methylidene]amino}oxy)methyl]pyridin-2-yl}carbamate, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, quinolin-8-ol, quinolin-8-ol sulfate (2:1), and tert-butyl {6-[({[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)(phenyl)methylene]amino}oxy)methyl]pyridin-2-yl]carbamate.

[0066] (16) Further compounds, such as 1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-N-[2'-(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-(4'-chlorobiphenyl-2-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-(2',4'-dichlorobiphenyl-2-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[4'-(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-(2',5'-difluorobiphenyl-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-(2',5'-difluorobiphenyl-2-yl)-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[4'-(prop-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 5-fluoro-1,3-dimethyl-N-[4'-(prop-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide , 2-chloro-N-[4'-(prop-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide, 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-[4'-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-[4'-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-5-fluoro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-(4'-ethynylbiphenyl-2 -yl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-(4'-ethynylbiphenyl-2-yl)-5-fluoro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 2-chloro-N-(4'-ethynylbiphenyl-2-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide, 2-chloro-N-[4'-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide, 4-(difluoromethyl)-2-methyl-N-[4'-(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1,3-Thiazole-5-carboxamide, 5-fluoro-N-[4'-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 2-chloro-N-[4'-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide, 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-[4'-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 5-fluoro-N-[4'-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide samide, 2-chloro-N-[4'-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide, (5-bromo-2-methoxy-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)(2,3,4-trimethoxy-6-methylphenyl)methanone, N-[2-(4-{[3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-yn-1-yl]oxy}-3-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]-N2-(methylsulfonyl)valinamide, 4-oxo-4-[(2-phenylethyl)amino]butanoic acid and but-3-yn-1-yl{6-[({[(Z)-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)(phenyl)methylene]amino}oxy)methyl]pyridin-2-yl}carbamate.

[0067] Examples of bactericides include: Bronopol, dichlorophen, nitrapyrin, nickel dimethyldithiocarbamate, kasugamycin, octhilinone, furoic acid, oxytetracycline, probenazole, streptomycin, tecloftalam, copper sulfate and other copper preparations.

[0068] Examples of insecticides, acaricides and nematicides include:

[0069] (1) Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, for example, carbamates, such as alanycarb, aldicarb, bendiocarb, benfuracarb, butocarboxim, butoxycarboxim, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, ethiofencarb, fenobucarb, formetanate, furathiocarb, isoprocarb, methiocarb, methomyl, metolcarb, oxamyl, pirimicarb, propoxamyl azinphos, thiodicarb, thiofanox, triazamate, trimethacarb, XMC, and xylylcarb; or organic phosphates, such as acephate, azamethiphos, azinphos-ethyl, azinphos-methyl, cadusafos, chlorethoxyphos, chlorfenvinphos, chlormephos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, coumaphos, cyanophos, demeton-S-methyl, diazinon, dichlorvos / DDVP, dicrotophos, dimethoate ... Methylvinphos, disulfoton, EPN, ethion, ethoprophos, famphur, fenamiphos, fenitrothion, fenthion, fosthiazate, heptenophos, imicyaphos, isofenphos, isopropyl O-(methoxyaminothiophosphoryl) salicylate, isoxathion, malathion, mecarbam, methamidophos, methidathion, mevinphos, monocrotophos, naled, omethoate thion, oxydemeton-methyl, parathion, parathion-methyl, phenthoate, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, phoxim, pirimiphos-methyl, profenofos, propetamphos, prothiofos, pyraclofos, pyridaphenthion, quinalphos, sulfotep, tebupirimphos, temephos, terbufos, tetrachlorvinphos, thiometon, triazophos, trichlorfon and vamidothion.

[0070] (2) GABA-gated chloride channel antagonists, such as cyclic diene organochlorines, such as chlordane and endosulfan; or phenylpyrazoles (fiproles), such as ethiprole and fipronil.

[0071] (3) Sodium channel modulators / voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers, for example, pyrethroids, for example, acrinathrin, allethrin, d-cis-trans allethrin, d-trans allethrin, bifenthrin, bioallethrin, bioallethrin S-cyclopentenyl isomer, bioresmethrin, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, theta-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, cyphenothrin [(1R)-trans isomer] , deltamethrin, empenthrin [(EZ)-(1R)-isomer], esfenvalerate, etofenprox, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, flucythrinate, flumethrin, tau-fluvalinate, halfenprox, imiprothrin, kadethrin, permethrin, phenothrin [(1R)-trans isomer], prallethrin, pyrethrins (pyrethrum), resmethrin, silafluofen, tefluthrin, tetramethrin, tetramethrin [(1R)-isomer)], tralomethrin and transfluthrin; or DDT; or methoxychlor.

[0072] (4) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists, such as neonicotinoids, such as acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid, and thiamethoxam; or nicotine.

[0073] (5) Allosteric activators of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR), such as spinosyns, e.g., spinetoram and spinosad.

[0074] (6) Chloride channel activators, such as avermectins / milbemycins, such as abamectin, emamectin benzoate, lepimectin, and milbemectin.

[0075] (7) Juvenile hormone mimetics, such as juvenile hormone analogs such as hydroprene, kinoprene and methoprene; or fenoxycarb; or pyriproxyfen.

[0076] (8) Active ingredients with unknown or nonspecific mechanisms of action, such as alkyl halides, e.g., methyl bromide and other alkyl halides; or chloropicrin; or sulfuryl fluoride; or borax; or tartar emetic.

[0077] (9) Selective antifeedants, such as pymetrozine; or flonicamide.

[0078] (10) Acar growth inhibitors, such as clofentezine, hexythiazox, and diflobidazine; or etoxazole.

[0079] (11) Microbial disruptors of the insect midgut membrane, such as Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies aizawai, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki, and Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies tenebrionis. tenebrionis) and BT plant proteins: Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1Fa, Cry2Ab, mCry3A, Cry3Ab, Cry3Bb, Cry34 / 35Ab1.

[0080] (12) Oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors, ATP disruptors, such as diafenthiuron; or organotin compounds, such as azocyclotin, cyhexatin, and fenbutatin oxide; or propargite; or tetradifon.

[0081] (13) Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation that block the H proton gradient, such as chlorfenapyr, DNOC, and sulfluramide.

[0082] (14) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists, such as bensultap, cartap hydrochloride, thiocyclam and thiosultap sodium.

[0083] (15) Chitin biosynthesis inhibitors, type 0, such as bistrifluron, chlorfluazuron, diflubenzuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novaluron, noviflumuron, teflubenzuron, and triflumuron.

[0084] (16) Chitin biosynthesis inhibitors, type 1, such as buprofezin.

[0085] (17) Molting disruptors, Diptera, e.g., cyromazine.

[0086] (18) Ecdysone receptor agonists, such as chromafenozide, halofenozide, methoxyfenozide, and tebufenozide.

[0087] (19) Octopaminergic agonists, such as amitraz.

[0088] (20) Complex III electron transport inhibitors, such as hydramethylnon; or acequinocyl; or fluacrypyrim.

[0089] (21) Complex I electron transport inhibitors, such as METI acaricides, such as fenazaquin, fenpyroximate, pyrimidifen, pyridaben, tebufenpyrad, and tolfenpyrad; or rotenone (Derris).

[0090] (22) Voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers, such as indoxacarb; or metaflumizone.

[0091] (23) Inhibitors of acetyl-CoA-carboxylase, such as tetronic acid derivatives and tetramic acid derivatives, such as spirodiclofen, spiromesifen and spirotetramat.

[0092] (24) Complex IV electron transport inhibitors, such as phosphines, such as aluminum phosphide, calcium phosphide, phosphine and zinc phosphide; or cyanide.

[0093] (25) Complex II electron transport inhibitors, such as cyenopyrafen.

[0094] (26) Ryanodine receptor effectors, such as diamides, e.g., chlorantraniliprole and flubendiamide.

[0095] Further active ingredients with an unknown mechanism of action, such as amidoflumet, azadirachtin, benclotiaz, benzoximate, bifenazate, bromopropylate, chinomethionate, cryolite, cyantraniliprole (Cyazypyr), cyflumetofen, dicofol, diflobidazine, fluensulfone, flufenerim, flufiprole, fluopyram, fufenozide, imidaclothiz, iprodione, pyridalyl, pyrifluquinazone and iodomethane; and also preparations based on Bacillus firmus (I-1582, BioNeem, Votivo).

[0096] Biological control agents are known to those skilled in the art and are described, for example, in "The Manual of Biocontrol Agents, 5th edition, editor: Dr. Roma Gwynn, BCPC 2014".

[0097] Examples of repellents include diethyltolylamide, ethyl hexanediol and butopyronoxyl.

[0098] Examples of plant nutrients include conventional inorganic or organic fertilizers for supplying macro- and / or micronutrients to plants.

[0099] The fatty acid derivative of formula (I) and the composition comprising one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) can be used in all common formulation types, preferably in liquid compositions.However, in principle, said compounds can also be used in solid compositions.

[0100] Standard formulation forms of pesticide compositions are, for example, water-soluble liquids (SL), emulsifiable concentrates (EC), emulsions in water (EW), suspension concentrates (SC, SE, FS, OD), water-dispersible granules (WG), granules (GR), and capsule concentrates (CS); these and further possible formulation types are described, for example, in "Crop Life International and in Pesticide Specifications, Manual on the development and use of FAO and WHO specifications for pesticides, FAO Plant Production and Protection Papers - 173, prepared by the FAO / WHO Joint Meeting on Pesticide Specifications, 2004, ISBN: 9251048576".

[0101] The pesticide composition may also contain adjuvants, which may be, for example, extenders, solvents, spontaneity promoters, carriers, emulsifiers, dispersants, antifreezes, biocides and / or thickeners.

[0102] The adjuvants used may be substances suitable for imparting certain properties, such as certain physical, technical and / or biological properties, to formulations of the active ingredients or to the use forms prepared from these compositions (e.g. ready-to-use crop protection compositions, such as spray liquors or seed dressing products).

[0103] Suitable extenders are, for example, those from the classes of water, polar and non-polar organic chemical liquids, such as aromatic and non-aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., paraffins, alkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, chlorobenzenes), alcohols and polyols (optionally substituted, etherified and / or esterified), ketones (e.g., acetone, cyclohexanone), esters (including fats and oils) and (poly)ethers, unsubstituted and substituted amines, amides, lactams (e.g., N-alkylpyrrolidones) and lactones, sulfones and sulfoxides (e.g., dimethyl sulfoxide).

[0104] In principle, any suitable carrier can be used. Useful carriers include, in particular, ammonium salts and natural rock powders such as kaolin, alumina, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite, or diatomaceous earth, as well as synthetic rock powders such as micronized silica, aluminum oxide, and natural or synthetic silicates, resins, waxes, and / or solid fertilizers. Mixtures of such carriers can also be used. Useful carriers for granules include, for example, crushed and fragmented natural rocks such as calcite, marble, pumice, sepiolite, and dolomite, as well as synthetic granules of inorganic and organic powders, and also organic materials such as sawdust, paper, coconut shells, corn cobs, and tobacco stalk granules.

[0105] It is also possible to use liquefied gaseous extenders or solvents. Particularly suitable are extenders or carriers that are gases at standard temperature and pressure, such as aerosol propellants, such as halohydrocarbons, or butane, propane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide.

[0106] Examples of emulsifiers and / or foam-forming agents, dispersants or wetting agents, or mixtures of these surfactants, with ionic or nonionic properties, are salts of polyacrylic acid, salts of lignosulfonic acid, salts of phenolsulfonic acid or naphthalenesulfonic acid, polycondensates of ethylene oxide with fatty alcohols or fatty acids or fatty amines, substituted phenols (preferably alkylphenols or arylphenols), salts of sulfosuccinic acid esters, taurine derivatives (preferably alkyl taurates), phosphoric acid esters of polyethoxylated alcohols or phenols, fatty acid esters of polyols, and derivatives of compounds containing sulfates, sulfonates, and phosphates, such as alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, alkylsulfonates, alkyl sulfates, arylsulfonates, protein hydrolysates, lignosulfite waste liquor, and methylcellulose. The presence of a surfactant is advantageous when one of the active ingredients and / or one of the inert carriers is insoluble in water and when application is carried out in water.

[0107] Further auxiliaries which may be present in the compositions and use forms derived therefrom are dyes, for example inorganic pigments such as iron oxide, titanium oxide and Prussian blue, and organic dyes such as alizarin dyes, azo dyes and metal phthalocyanine dyes, and nutrients and micronutrients, for example salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc.

[0108] Additional ingredients may be stabilizers, such as cold stabilizers, preservatives, antioxidants, light stabilizers, or other agents that improve chemical and / or physical stability. Additionally, foam generators or defoamers may be present.

[0109] The preservatives used may be organic acids and their esters such as ascorbic acid, ascorbyl palmitate, sorbate, benzoic acid, methyl and propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, propionates, phenols such as 2-phenylphenate, 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, formaldehyde, sulfite and its salts.

[0110] Suitable antifoaming agents are fatty acid alkyl ester alkoxylates, organopolysiloxanes, such as polydimethylsiloxanes, and their mixtures with finely divided, optionally silanized silica; perfluoroalkylphosphonates, perfluoroalkylphosphinates, paraffin, wax and microcrystalline wax, and their mixtures with silanized silica.Mixtures of various foam inhibitors, such as silicone oil, paraffin oil and / or wax, are also advantageous.

[0111] The functional polymers that may be present in the pesticide composition according to the invention are high molecular weight compounds of synthetic or natural origin having a molar mass of more than 10 000. The functional polymers can, for example, act as additional anti-drift agents or increase rainfastness.

[0112] Furthermore, the compositions and the use forms derived therefrom may also contain, as additional auxiliaries, stickers such as carboxymethylcellulose, and natural and synthetic polymers in powder, granule or latex form, such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate, or natural phospholipids such as cephalin and lecithin, and synthetic phospholipids. Further possible auxiliaries are mineral oils and vegetable oils.

[0113] If appropriate, further auxiliaries may be present in the compositions and the use forms derived therefrom. Examples of such additives are fragrances, protective colloids, binders, adhesives, thickeners, thixotropic agents, penetrating agents, retention promoters, stabilizers, sequestering agents, complexing agents, wetting agents, spreading agents.

[0114] Generally, the pesticidal agent can be combined with any solid or liquid additive commonly used for formulation purposes.

[0115] Useful retention aids include any material that reduces dynamic surface tension, such as dioctyl sulfosuccinate, or any material that increases viscoelasticity, such as hydroxypropyl guar polymer.

[0116] In the context of this specification, useful penetrants are all substances that are typically used to improve the penetration of pesticidal active substances into plants.

[0117] In this context, penetrants are defined by their ability to penetrate into the plant cuticle from the (usually aqueous) application solution and / or from the spray deposit, thus increasing the mobility of the active ingredient in the cuticle. This property can be determined using the methods described in the literature (Baur et al., 1997, Pesticide Science 51, 131-152). Examples include alcohol alkoxylates, such as coconut fat ethoxylate (10) or isotridecyl ethoxylate (12), fatty acid esters, such as rapeseed oil methyl ester or soybean oil methyl ester, fatty amine alkoxylates, such as tallow amine ethoxylate (15), or ammonium and / or phosphonium salts, such as ammonium sulfate or diammonium hydrogen phosphate.

[0118] The agrochemical composition may optionally comprise further action-improving adjuvants. Examples of further adjuvants are penetrating agents such as vegetable oils, for example rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, mineral oils, for example paraffin oil, alkyl esters of vegetable fatty acids, for example rapeseed oil methyl ester or soybean oil methyl ester, or alkanol alkoxylates, and / or spreading agents, for example alkylsiloxanes and / or salts, for example organic or inorganic ammonium or phosphonium salts, for example ammonium sulfate or diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and / or retention promoters, for example dioctyl sulfosuccinate or hydroxypropyl guar polymers, and / or wetting agents, for example glycerol, and / or fertilizers, for example ammonium-, potassium- or phosphorus-containing fertilizers, and / or agents that promote adhesion to the leaf surface.

[0119] A pesticide composition of the present invention that is a pesticide concentrate preferably comprises from 0.00001% to 98% by weight of the pesticidal active material(s), more preferably from 0.01% to 95% by weight of the pesticidal active material(s), more preferably from 0.5% to 90% by weight of the pesticidal active material(s), based on the weight of the pesticidal concentrate.

[0120] The content of pesticidal active substance(s) in the use forms prepared from the pesticide concentrates can vary within a wide range. The concentration of pesticidal active substance(s) in said use forms, in particular spray liquors, can be typically 0.0000001 to 95% by weight of pesticidal active substance(s), preferably 0.00001 to 5% by weight of pesticidal active substance(s), more preferably 0.0001 to 1% by weight of pesticidal active substance(s), particularly preferably 0.001 to 1% by weight of pesticidal active substance(s), based on the weight of said use form (in particular of the spray liquor). Application is achieved in a customary manner suited to the use form.

[0121] Agrochemical compositions are prepared, for example, by mixing the components together in a desired specific ratio. When the agrochemical active substance(s) is / are a solid substance, it is generally used in finely divided form or in the form of a solution or suspension in an organic solvent or water. When the agrochemical active substance(s) is / are a liquid, it is often not necessary to use an organic solvent. It is also possible to use a solid active substance in the form of a melt. The temperature can be varied within a specific range during the course of carrying out the process. Generally, the working temperature is 0°C to 80°C, preferably 10°C to 60°C.

[0122] Depending on the formulation type, the production of pesticide concentrates is possible in various ways well known to those skilled in the art. The production procedure may be, for example, mixing the fatty acid derivative of formula (I) with one or more pesticidal active substances(s) and optionally auxiliaries. The order in which the components are mixed together is arbitrary. The equipment useful for production is the usual equipment used for producing pesticide compositions. The pesticide concentrate according to the present invention is preferably applied to the site of use in the form of a spray solution. The spray solution is produced by diluting the concentrate formulation with a predetermined amount of water.

[0123] In the context of the present invention, "application" of an agrochemical composition in the form of a spray liquid containing one or more agrochemically active substances is understood to mean the application of an aqueous spray liquid containing one or more agrochemically active substances to the species to be treated, e.g. the plants to be treated and / or their locus.

[0124] The present invention provides the use of a fatty acid derivative of formula (I), preferably of formula (Ia), for improving the wettability, retention and / or uptake of a pesticidal active substance in and on a target organism, preferably for improving the wettability, retention and / or foliar uptake in and on a plant.

[0125] The present invention provides the use of one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) to improve the wettability when applying an agrochemical composition.

[0126] It is known from the literature that values for dynamic surface tension ([mN / m]) correlate with wettability and adhesion on difficult-to-wet plants, such as barley (cereals), assuming a spray application time span of 200 ms (called surface life in the bubble pressure method). A value of 50 mN / m (20-21 °C) compared to water (72.8 mN / m) improves adhesion from "zero adhesion" (0%) to approximately 50% (Baur P., Pontzen R.; 2007; Basic features of plant surface wettability and deposit formation and the impact of adjuvants; in RE Gaskin ed. Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Adjuvants for Agrochemicals; Publisher: International Society for Agrochemical Adjuvants (ISAA), Columbus, Ohio, USA).

[0127] Furthermore, the reduction in surface tension improves penetration into the pores in the soil and contributes to enhancing the effectiveness of soil-active pesticides when applied to dry arable or peat soils.

[0128] Thus, in the context of the present invention, improved wetting properties are defined by a reduction in the surface tension of a 0.1 wt. % aqueous solution at 200 ms (measured with a Kruess BP2100 tensiometer for determination of dynamic surface tension by the bubble pressure method), which is preferably reduced to less than 60 mN / m, more preferably less than 45 mN / m.

[0129] It was found that the fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) in 0.03 wt % aqueous solutions reduced the dynamic surface tension at 200 ms to less than 55 mN / m.

[0130] The present invention further provides the use of one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) to improve the retention and / or foliar uptake of pesticidal active substances in and on plants.

[0131] Thus, in the context of the present invention, "fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) which result in enhanced uptake of pesticidal active substances" is understood to mean substances which result in at least 5%, more preferably at least 10%, and most preferably at least 20% uptake of the pesticidal active substance into the target organism, compared to the pesticidal active substance alone, given a comparable use concentration and given a comparable observation time.

[0132] The present invention further provides a method for enhancing the uptake of a pesticidal active substance into a target organism when applying a pesticidal composition, wherein an aqueous spray liquid is sprayed onto a species to be treated, e.g., a plant and / or its locus, wherein the spray liquid comprising said pesticidal active substance(s) comprises one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) in an amount of 0.0001% to 1% by weight, more preferably 0.001% to 0.5% by weight, especially preferably 0.01% to 0.2% by weight, and especially preferably 0.03% to 0.1% by weight, based on the total weight of the spray liquid.

[0133] In a preferred embodiment, the use of one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) results in improved wettability and retention and / or foliar uptake of the pesticidal active substance.

[0134] The above radical definitions, value ranges and explanations in the general description or in the preferred ranges can be combined with each other as appropriate, i.e., can be combined with each other, including combinations between specific ranges and preferred ranges.

[0135] The present invention will now be illustrated by examples which should not be construed as limiting in any way. [Example]

[0136] example: The percentages stated below are percentages by weight (wt %) unless otherwise specified.

[0137] The raw materials used were as follows: Water: Deionized or tap water MCPA MCPA auxin herbicide >99% purity Sigma Aldrich Pelargonic Acid >99% Purity, Novamont Genagen C 100 Coconut Fatty Acid Ester Ethoxylate, Clariant Genapol X 060 Tridecyl Alcohol Ethoxylate, Clariant Flufenacet (oxyacetamide herbicide), Sigma Aldrich Mesosulfuron methyl sulfonylurea herbicide, Sigma Aldrich Iodosulfuron methyl sulfonylurea herbicide, Sigma Aldrich Imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid insecticide Sigma Aldrich Mesotrione triketone herbicide, Sigma Aldrich Benzyladenine cytokinin plant growth regulator, Sigma Aldrich Milbemectin, an avermectin-based acaricide, Sigma Aldrich Milbenoc Milbemectin EC formulation, Belchim

[0138] Example 1: Preparation of fatty acid derivatives of the present invention The compounds according to the invention are listed in Table 1. All test substances were liquids, which makes them easy to handle and pourable.

[0139] [Table 1]

[0140] General procedure for the synthesis of alcohol ethoxylate esters A1 and A2

[0141] Alcohol ethoxylates were synthesized according to standard alkoxylation procedures, as described (e.g., US2012 / 310004). In a flask equipped with a Dean-Stark head, the alcohol ethoxylate or glycerol was mixed in a stoichiometric mixture with the respective carboxylic acid, a catalytic amount of sulfuric acid was added, and the mixture was heated to 200 °C with stirring under a constant nitrogen flow. Reaction progress was followed by water separation and acid value. The final products were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and titration.

[0142] Example 2: Dynamic interfacial tension Dynamic surface tension was determined by the bubble pressure method (BP2100 tensiometer, Krüss). Given a time span of 200 milliseconds (ms) for spray application of the pesticide in aqueous dilution (called surface life in the bubble pressure method), the dynamic surface tension ([mN / m]) correlates with adhesion on difficult-to-wet plants, such as barley (cereals). A value of 50 mN / m (20-21°C) compared with water (72.8 mN / m) results in an improvement in adhesion from "zero adhesion" (0%) to approximately 50% (Baur P., Pontzen R.; 2007; Basic features of plant surface wettability and deposit formation and the impact of adjuvants; in RE Gaskin ed. Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Adjuvants for Agrochemicals; Publisher: International Society for Agrochemical Adjuvants (ISAA), Columbus, Ohio, USA).

[0143] [Table 2]

[0144] The low dynamic surface tension of the compounds of the present invention indicates their excellent suitability as rapid wetting agents, including their suitability as sticking promoters, in spray applications of crop protection products.

[0145] The compounds of the present invention exhibit significantly better wetting properties compared to commercially used fatty acid ester ethoxylates, such as Genagen C 100. Even compared to industry standard wetting agents, such as Genapol X 060, the compounds of the present invention exhibit a stronger reduction in dynamic surface tension at significantly lower concentrations, resulting in better wetting properties.

[0146] Example 3: Enhanced penetration of pesticide active ingredients Surfactants can affect the absorption of (active) ingredients through membranes, such as skin, thin films, or plant cuticles. It is known that, for the single application or application of solutions, creams, gels, etc. to membranes as a "finite dose" application, the absorption of active ingredients can be affected by some additives, such as surfactants, even after wetting. This effect is independent of the interfacial effect in water, is often highly concentration-dependent, and for the most part occurs after the evaporation of water and any solvents present, for example, as a result of the interaction between the active ingredient, membrane, and environmental factors. With regard to various surfactants, it has been observed that, after addition to active ingredient preparations, some surfactants promote the penetration of certain active ingredients to a considerable extent, while others have no effect at all.

[0147] Plant cuticles are lipophilic solubility membranes (lipid membranes) without pores or holes, and the results described are also expected for other nonporous lipophilic solubility membranes using these or other active ingredients. The principles of the method are published and described in detail, for example, in WO-A-2005 / 194844 or WO2017211572 A1. In 2017, leaf cuticles were enzymatically isolated from apple leaves from orchards at a commercial stone fruit growing facility near Frankfurt am Main using the method described in the literature. The stomatal cuticles were first dried under air and then placed in a stainless steel diffusion cell. After application and evaporation of the test solution (i.e., a spray solution of the active ingredient with or without the inventive or comparative composition) to the original upper surface of the leaf, the diffusion cell was transferred to a thermostatic block and filled with an aqueous liquid. The water used to form the aqueous test solution was local tap water (of known composition). At regular intervals, aliquot samples were taken, and the percentage of the active ingredient that penetrated was determined by HPLC, or alternatively, by a radiochemical method using radiolabeled active ingredient as a tracer to determine the concentration. During the experiment, the temperature of the system (block, diffusion cell, liquid, etc.) and the air humidity above the spray deposit on the cuticle were controlled. The relative air humidity was kept constant throughout the experiment at 56% relative air humidity (air passed through supersaturated calcium nitrate) at a constant temperature of 10 °C or 25 °C. Analytical measurements were then performed by HPLC (1290 Infinity, Agilent) using a Kinetex column, 30 x 2, 1 mm, 2.6 μC C18 100A (Phenomenex). Aliquots of 20 μL injection volume were taken at the specified times. In each case, the geometric mean values of penetration relative to the intact membrane at the mean measurement time are shown. Seven to eight replicates were set up according to the modified method (active ingredient x test additive / formulation). The coefficient of variation was less than 35%, which is typical of biological variation for infiltration across a large number of plants.

[0148] [Table 3]

[0149] The table shows that test substance A1 strongly increases the uptake of the active ingredient compared to the commercial formulation.

[0150] [Table 4]

[0151] The table shows that test substance A1 strongly increases the uptake of the active ingredient compared to the commercial formulation.

[0152] [Table 5]

[0153] The table shows that test substance A1 strongly increases the uptake of the active ingredient.

[0154] [Table 6]

[0155] The table shows that test substance A1 strongly increases the uptake of the active ingredient.

[0156] [Table 7]

[0157] The table shows that test substance A1 increases the uptake of the active ingredient.

[0158] [Table 8]

[0159] The table shows that test substance A1 strongly increases the uptake of the pesticidal active substance.

[0160] [Table 9]

[0161] The table shows that test substance A1 strongly increases the uptake of the pesticidal active substance compared to the commercial formulation.

[0162] [Table 10]

[0163] The table shows that test substance A1 strongly increases the uptake of the pesticidal active substance.

[0164] Example 4 The plant compatibility of the fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) was checked using Poinsettia (e.g., cultivar Merlot) as an indicator plant. If no necrosis or other phytotoxic symptoms (e.g., leaf curling or deformation) were observed, the substance was considered to be plant compatible and not phytotoxic.

[0165] The fatty acid derivatives according to formula (I) did not show any relevant symptoms at concentrations below 2 g / L. At higher concentrations, some phytotoxic effects could be observed. The tested reference substances (1 g / L ethoxylated lauryl alcohol and 1 g / L Genagen C 100) caused strong and pronounced necrosis within one day. The present application relates to the invention described in the claims, but may also include the following as other aspects. 1. Formula (I) [ka] [In the formula, R 1 is an alkyl group that is linear or branched and contains 5 to 17 carbon atoms, R 2 、R 3 are independently hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or hydroxymethyl, with the proviso that R 2 and R 3 one of which is hydrogen and the other is different from hydrogen; m and n are numbers from 0 to 17, provided that m+n≧1 and m+n+p<18; The different monomers can be arranged in a statistical order, alternating, or as a block copolymer; R 4 is hydrogen or an alkyl group that is linear or branched and contains 1 to 10 carbon atoms. 1. Use of one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (I) to improve the wettability, retention and / or uptake of a pesticidal active substance in and on a target organism, wherein said pesticidal active substance is different from the fatty acid derivative of formula (I). 2. The use according to 1 above for improving the wettability of pesticidal active substances on target organisms. 3. Use according to 1 above for improving the retention of pesticidal active substances in and on target organisms. 4. The use according to 1 above for improving the uptake of pesticidal active substances in target organisms. 5. The use according to any one of 1 to 4 above, wherein the symbols and subscripts in formula (I) have the following meanings: R 1 is an alkyl group that is linear or branched and contains 5 to 17 carbon atoms, R 2 、R 3 are independently hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or hydroxymethyl, with the proviso that R 2 and R 3 one of which is hydrogen and the other is different from hydrogen, m and n are numbers from 0 to 17, provided that m+n≧1 and m+n+p<18; The different monomers can be arranged in a statistical order, alternating, or as a block copolymer; R 4 is hydrogen or an alkyl group that is straight or branched and contains 1 to 10 carbon atoms. 6. Formula (Ia)

change

Claims

1. Formula (Ia) 【Chemical 1】 [In the formula, R １ is an alkyl group which is linear or branched and contains 5 to 9 carbon atoms; R ２ , R ３ are independently hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or hydroxymethyl, with the proviso that R ２ and R ３ one of which is hydrogen and the other is different from hydrogen; m and n are numbers from 0 to 7, provided that m+n>4 and m+n≦7; The different monomers are arranged in a statistical order, alternating, or as a block copolymer; R ４ is a methyl group] Use of one or more fatty acid derivatives of the formula (I) as an adjuvant to improve the effect of an active pesticide ingredient, comprising: The above use, wherein one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (Ia) are used in the form of a spray liquid at a concentration of 0.0001 to 0.2% by weight based on the total weight of the spray liquid.

2. 10. Use according to claim 1 for improving the wettability of pesticidal active substances on target organisms.

3. 10. The use according to claim 1 for improving the retention of pesticidal active substances in and on target organisms.

4. 10. Use according to claim 1 for improving the uptake of pesticidal active substances in target organisms.

5. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the symbols and indices in formula (Ia) have the following meanings: R １ is a linear alkyl group, R ２ , R ３ is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, m is a number from 0 to 5.

6. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in formula (Ia), m+n is ≧5 and ≦7.

7. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in formula (Ia), m is 0 and n is a number greater than 4 and equal to or less than 7.

8. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the symbols and indices in formula (Ia) have the following meanings: R １ is a straight chain alkyl group having 7 to 9 carbon atoms; m is 0; n is a number greater than 4 and less than or equal to 7, and R ４ is a methyl group.

9. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the fatty acid derivative of formula (Ia) is used in the form of an agrochemical concentrate at a concentration of 0.01 to 99% by weight based on the total agrochemical concentrate, and the agrochemical concentrate is diluted with water to produce the spray liquid.

10. 9. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (Ia) are used in the form of a spray liquid at a concentration of 0.01 to 0.2% by weight, based on the total spray liquid.

11. A pesticide composition which is a spray liquid comprising at least one pesticidal active ingredient other than the fatty acid derivative of formula (I) and one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (Ia) according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (Ia) is 0.0001 to 0.2% by weight based on the total spray liquid; Formula (I) is of the following formula: Formula (I) 【Chemistry 2】 [In the formula, R １ is an alkyl group which is linear or branched and contains 5 to 17 carbon atoms; R ２ , R ３ are independently hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or hydroxymethyl, with the proviso that R ２ and R ３ one of which is hydrogen and the other is different from hydrogen; m and n are numbers from 0 to 17, provided that m+n≧1 and m+n<18; The different monomers are arranged in a statistical order, alternating, or as a block copolymer; R ４ is hydrogen or an alkyl group which is linear or branched and contains 1 to 10 carbon atoms. A pesticide composition represented by the formula:

12. 12. A method for improving the effect of a pesticidal active substance of a spray liquor in and on plants, which is different from a fatty acid derivative of formula (I) as defined in claim 11, comprising the step of adding to the active pesticidal ingredient one or more fatty acid derivatives of formula (Ia) as defined in claim 1 in a concentration of 0.0001 to 0.2% by weight, based on the total spray liquor.

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