Game device

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a gaming device including a housing, a motion measurement arrangement, and a flexible tether. The motion measurement arrangement includes a multi-axis pivot member at least partially disposed within the housing and movable relative to the housing in at least two axes. The motion measurement arrangement also includes a sensor arrangement for measuring multi-axis motion of the pivot member. The flexible tether has a free end coupled to a strikeable object and a proximal end coupled to the pivot member. The motion measurement arrangement is configured to measure an indication of one or more parameters of motion of the strikeable object when a user strikes the strikeable object.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] Priority Cross-Reference This application claims priority to Australian Provisional Patent Application No. 2020901657, filed May 22, 2020, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0002] The present invention relates to a gaming device for use in games in which a hittable object, such as a ball, is hit by a player. The present invention has been developed specifically for use as a tetherball device, and it is convenient to describe the invention in the context of this exemplary application. However, it will be appreciated that the present invention may also be used in other games, such as totem tennis, swingball, kickball, badminton, and the like. It will also be appreciated that the gaming device of the present invention may be used as a training device for training in batting or kicking games, such as baseball, tennis, soccer, badminton, and the like, in which a hittable object can be connected to a tether for training purposes. [Background technology]

[0003] The following discussion of the background to the present invention is intended to facilitate an understanding of the present invention. However, it should be understood that this discussion does not acknowledge or admit that any of the material referred to was part of publicly known or commonly known knowledge as of the priority date of this application.

[0004] The game of tetherball involves a ball tethered to a fixed upright post, with opposing players on either side of the post attempting to hit the ball in opposite directions using their hands or rackets. The object of the game is typically to hit the ball so that the opponent cannot counter its trajectory. Traditionally, the game ends when the tether is completely wound around the post so that further rotation of the ball around the post is no longer possible. In alternative versions of the game, the tethered end of the tether advances along a coil or spiral member fixed to the support post, and the game ends when the tether is moved to the top or bottom of the spiral member.

[0005] Electronic versions of tetherball and other tetherball games have been developed in which the rotation of the tether can be detected by the device via a digital counter or the like. These "intelligent" or "smart" tetherball devices thus help players keep score particularly in rallies and / or keep score of the amount of rallies a particular player wins.

[0006] One such example is provided in U.S. Patent No. 5,629,999, where the tether is connected to a tension inductor that is used to determine the force applied to the tether when the ball is struck. Another example is provided in U.S. Patent No. 5,629,999, which discloses a soccer training device in which a reed relay and magnetic arrangement is used as a digital counter mechanism to record a player's kicks per minute. Another example is provided in U.S. Patent No. 5,629,999, which discloses a tetherball apparatus having a pivoting arm and an electronic sensor with a rotational encoder for sensing the rotation of the pivoting arm to measure the speed and direction of the pivoting arm and thereby infer the speed, acceleration and direction of the ball.

[0007] Another example of a previous tetherball device is provided in U.S. Patent No. 5,629,999. This device requires a tether coupled to a rotatable hub at the end of a horizontal arm. The device further includes a sensor for measuring the rotation of the hub relative to the arm. Another example is provided in U.S. Patent No. 5,629,999. This system requires a bidirectional rotary encoder sensor arrangement that allows for measurement of clockwise or counterclockwise movement of the tether about a central post. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Chinese Patent Application Publication No. 201721327839.1 [Patent Document 2] US Patent Application Publication No. 2015 / 0360107 [Patent Document 3] International Publication No. 2018000030 Brochure [Patent Document 4] U.S. Patent No. 5,454,561 [Patent Document 5] UK Patent Application No. 2558928 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] It would be desirable to provide improvements to existing devices such as those described above, or otherwise provide new or alternative gaming or training devices that offer consumers alternative choices.

[0010] Before turning to the summary of the present invention, it is useful to provide an explanation of some of the terminology used to define the spatial relationships of its various portions. In this regard, spatial references throughout this specification are generally based on an assembled gaming device standing generally vertically on a ground surface. Based on this environment, certain portions may then be defined with reference to surfaces and to "horizontal" and "vertical," and may allow for reference to "upper," "upward," "lower," "downward," "above," "below," "overhead," "underside," "top," "bottom," etc. Furthermore, the gaming device housing has an interior, and therefore certain portions may be defined with directional reference to "inside" and "outside." [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gaming device comprising: a housing; a motion measurement arrangement at least partially disposed within the housing, the motion measurement arrangement comprising a multi-axis pivot member movable relative to the housing in at least two axes and a sensor arrangement for measuring the multi-axis movement of the pivot member; and a flexible tether having a free end coupled to the strikeable object and a proximal end coupled to the pivot member, the motion measurement arrangement configured to measure an indication of one or more parameters of the motion of the strikeable object when a user strikes the strikeable object.

[0012] The invention advantageously includes a multi-axis pivoting member and an associated sensor arrangement for detecting multi-axis movement of the pivoting member. The multi-axis pivoting member is capable of pivoting in multiple axes, and the associated sensor arrangement is capable of detecting this multi-axis movement. Such an arrangement provides an additional degree of freedom and additional measurement compared to existing systems, which then facilitates improved measurement of an indication of the motion of the strikeable object. The motion measurement arrangement is configured to measure or infer an indication of the motion of the strikeable object through measurement of the motion of the pivoting member connected to the strikeable object via a tether. It is seen that the motion of the strikeable object induces movement within the tether and, therefore, movement of the pivoting member via its connection to the tether. Movement of the pivoting member is therefore indicative of one or more parameters of the motion of the strikeable object.

[0013] The data generated by the motion measurement arrangement can thus be analyzed or interpreted to infer an indication of the motion of the strikeable object, e.g., to infer a parameter of the strikeable object's motion. For example, measurement of the acceleration, velocity, or rotation of the pivoting member can provide an indication of the relevant motion parameter of the strikeable object. As a result, the additional degrees of freedom provided to the pivoting member, and improved measurement thereof, enable improved detection and measurement of indications of the strikeable object's motion compared to existing systems that typically measure movement in a single axis or single motion of freedom.

[0014] For example, the soccer training device of U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2015 / 0360107 discloses a reed relay configured to count the number of times the tether wraps around the base, but otherwise fails to track or measure the movement of an unattended ball in two axes.

[0015] Similarly, the tetherball device disclosed in WO 2018000030 discloses a pivoting arm configured for axial rotation only about the central axis of the device. The rotational encoder of WO 2018000030 is therefore capable of detecting movement in only one degree of freedom and is therefore limited in the determinations and inferences that can be made regarding the motion or trajectory of the ball.

[0016] Additionally, tetherball systems prior to the use of an L-type swivel member (including the device of International Patent Application Publication No. 2018000030) tended to sway and tangle when the ball was hit with a significant amount of spin or mishit at a random angle. Even with the use of a swivel device within the tether, the tether tended to twist and tangle, which could restrict or affect the free flight of the ball. The L-type design could become particularly overstrained when a player hits shots with a high amount of spin or high lob shots.

[0017] The present invention also represents a significant improvement over the prior systems of U.S. Patent No. 5,454,561 and British Patent Application No. 2558928. Each of these systems was configured to record bidirectional movement in only a single axis. Neither system includes a multi-axis pivoting member or sensor arrangement configured to record motion in more than one axis.

[0018] The present invention advantageously improves upon these systems by providing a pivoting member with increased degrees of freedom to allow for a more natural ball flight and increased measurement of ball trajectory and therefore improved game play or improved data generation during training.

[0019] Multi-axis pivot members may be configured in a variety of ways. According to certain embodiments of the invention, the pivot member has a joystick configuration or is configured for joystick-type operation. That is, the pivot member is configured for XY axis movement, whereby the pivot member can move (and measure) in two perpendicular axes. In addition to XY movement, the pivot member may also allow axial movement about a Z axis, which is perpendicular to both the X and Y axes.

[0020] Joystick-type movement of the pivoting member may be provided by a gimbal arrangement. For example, X-axis and Y-axis gimbals allow movement of the pivoting member in the XY axes. In this configuration, the pivoting member may include a third gimbal or swivel that allows axial rotation about the Z axis. The joystick arrangement of the pivoting member is particularly advantageous in that it allows the pivoting member to track and measure movement of the tether in an overhead trajectory relative to the housing. In this manner, the "lob" or high trajectory of the strikeable object may be more accurately tracked and measured. The movement measurement arrangement may therefore be configured to measure an indication of the movement of the strikeable object as it advances in an overhead trajectory relative to the housing.

[0021] According to an alternative configuration, the pivoting member is configured in a ball-and-socket or ball-joint configuration. For example, the motion measurement arrangement may further include a socket, and the pivoting member has a ball portion engaged with the socket in a ball-and-socket configuration. A ball-and-socket configuration advantageously provides three degrees of freedom. In particular, it allows for X- and Y-axis movement of the ball portion and rotation about the Z axis without the need for a separate gimbal or swivel. Furthermore, a ball-and-socket configuration may generally allow for smoother advancement and movement compared to a gimbal configuration.

[0022] The ball-and-socket configuration allows the ball to fly freely as it is struck by one or more players, without tangling and without the need for a swivel-type device where the cord connects the ball arm. This is due to the ball-and-socket configuration allowing free movement of the proximal end of the tether in both the X and Y axes and also allowing axial rotation of the pivot member about the Z axis (e.g., rotation of the arm about its own longitudinal axis). When spin is applied to the ball, which in previous devices would cause the tether to twist, the proximal end of the tether of the present invention induces rotation of the pivot member within the socket, thereby reducing or preventing tether twist and may also allow measurement of ball spin.

[0023] The pivot member may typically be located on or adjacent to an exterior portion of the housing to allow connection to the tether. The location of the pivot member may alternatively vary and may depend on the particular game or device. According to certain embodiments of the invention, the pivot member is located on an upper portion of the housing. More particularly, the pivot member is centrally located at or adjacent to the top of the housing. Such a configuration is particularly suited to games or sports in which a hittable object is struck with the top of the housing, such as badminton, tetherball, etc. Locating the pivot member on the top of the housing also facilitates 360° movement of the tether around the housing, as is the case with tetherball or kickball.

[0024] The ball-and-socket configuration may also provide superior weather resistance compared to previous game or training devices. If the device is left outside in the rain, the tight fit between the ball portion of the pivoting member and the socket may advantageously prevent or minimize the ingress of water, dust, or other debris into the housing. The housing may further include a sealing member, such as an O-ring, enclosing a volume or chamber of the housing below the socket. If rainwater ingresses through the ball-and-socket configuration, the O-ring may advantageously prevent any further ingress into the housing or contact with the electrical components. In a form of the present invention, the housing may include one or more selectively operable drainage openings to allow drainage of water ingressing through the ball-and-socket arrangement.

[0025] It is therefore intended and expected that the ball-and-socket configuration of the pivoting member can enable a more realistic and functional solution to games or sports training in which a tethered object is struck by a user (i.e., a game player).

[0026] The hittable object of the present invention may comprise a ball, such as a tennis ball, rubber ball or soccer ball. The hittable object may be suitable for being hit with a user's hand. The hittable object may be suitable for being hit with a bat or racket or the like. The hittable object may be suitable for being kicked. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the hittable object comprises a shuttlecock, for example in the case of an apparatus used as a badminton game or badminton training device.

[0027] The tether may comprise any suitable flexible cord, line, rope, string, or other elongated flexible member. The tether may include a length adjustment device. The length adjustment device may allow conversion of the device to different games or training, or to modify the athletic conditions of a particular game, or to customize the tether length for a particular player. For example, the tether may be adjusted to a length appropriate for a child. Typically, the tether length may be increased for older or stronger players and decreased for younger or shorter players. The tether length may be adjusted to allow for normal arm and body positioning. According to certain embodiments, the tether length adjustment device includes a clip through which the tether can be fed and wrapped around the device. The device may include a locking slot and an opening for receiving a spool of tether.

[0028] The proximal end of the tether can be directly coupled to the ball portion in some embodiments of the invention. Alternatively, the pivot member can include an arm extending from the ball portion, similar to a human shoulder or hip joint configuration. In this configuration, the proximal end of the tether can be coupled to the arm, e.g., the distal end of the arm. The pivot member arm can protrude outside the housing, in which case the connection between the tether and the pivot member is therefore also outside the housing.

[0029] The motion measurement arrangement may be said to be partially located within the housing in that a portion of the motion measurement arrangement is within the housing and a portion of the sensor arrangement extends outside the housing. In particular, the sensor arrangement and the ball portion of the pivot member may be positioned within the housing, while the arms of the pivot member project outside the housing.

[0030] Thus, in one embodiment of the present invention, the pivot member includes an arm extending from the ball portion and projecting outside the housing, with the proximal end of the tether coupled to the arm. In one form of the invention, the arm extends upward from the housing. The arm may extend through an opening in the housing, with the ball-and-socket configuration allowing free movement of the arm within the opening. For example, the ball-and-socket configuration may allow the arm to move freely within the boundaries defined by the opening. Certain configurations may allow the arm to contact and move across an edge surface of the opening. The opening may have a generally round or circular configuration. In certain embodiments of the invention, the arm is allowed to move 360 ​​degrees around the opening.

[0031] The opening may be configured to guide movement of the arm in a particular direction. For example, the shape or configuration of the opening may allow movement of the arm to a particular angle. The opening may define a boundary within which the pivot arm is free to move, where contact between the edge of the opening and the pivot arm prevents the pivot arm from moving beyond a predetermined range of movement.

[0032] The edge surface of the opening may be angled with respect to the vertical. For example, the opening may have a tapered or beveled edge surface. The opening may have a funnel or flared or partial cone or frusto-cone configuration. The upper portion of the opening may be larger than the lower portion of the opening. The opening may comprise a funnel-shaped passage that widens toward its upper portion. The opening may be conical. For example, the edge surface of the opening may have a cone configuration.

[0033] According to certain embodiments of the present invention, the opening is flared, and the arm is allowed to move freely within a conical section defined by the opening. The conical section is defined by a sloped edge surface of the flared opening. The distal end of the arm, to which the proximal end of the tether is connected, can move along a dished path. According to certain embodiments of the present invention, the edge surface of the flared opening is sloped at 40° relative to the central axis of the housing. The arm may therefore move from one side of the opening to the other over a range of 80° of movement. The range of movement of the pivoting member may be determined by parameters of the sensor arrangement, and the slope of the surface of the flared opening surrounding the pivoting member may vary depending on the particular sensor arrangement used. It is therefore understood that the slope of the opening surface may vary.

[0034] In many applications of the present invention, the housing is generally oriented upright, with the central axis of the housing usually being vertical or near vertical, however, it is understood that in certain applications the housing may be oriented non-vertically.

[0035] The proximal end of the tether may be removably coupled to the pivot member. For example, the proximal end of the tether may be connected to the pivot member via a tether anchor, a tether clamp, or other suitable tether connection. According to certain embodiments of the present invention, the tether is removably coupled to the arm of the pivot member via a tether clamp nut configured to threadably engage external threads on the arm of the pivot member. The proximal end of the tether may extend through one or more openings in the clamp nut and a clamp nut threaded on the arm to tighten and thereby couple the proximal end of the tether to the arm. The tether may be fed through an opening in the side of the clamp nut. Alternatively, the clamp nut may include an opening at the top end of the clamp nut.

[0036] The ball portion of the pivoting member can be provided in different shapes or contours. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the ball portion is hemispherical. For example, the pivoting member may be supported on a flat underside by a bearing and may include one or more additional bearings that contact the curved portion of the hemisphere. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the ball portion is approximately spherical or has a spherical portion. It is understood that the ball portion of the pivoting member can have an arm extending from one side and therefore not form a perfect sphere, or may be spherical or have a spherical portion and have at least one protrusion that engages with the socket.

[0037] It will be appreciated that the socket that receives and engages the ball portion may have a corresponding shape to snugly receive the ball portion. The socket may have a corresponding concave surface for contacting the outer surface of the ball portion. The socket may include one or more concave bearing surfaces for contacting the ball portion of the pivot member.

[0038] While the socket can be configured in a variety of ways, in a particular form of the invention, the socket comprises a two-piece bearing with each bearing portion including a concave bearing surface for contacting the ball portion of the pivot member. The bearing surfaces may comprise inwardly facing annular and concave surfaces. The two bearing portions may comprise an upper bearing portion and a lower bearing portion. The two-piece structure may enable or facilitate assembly. For example, the ball portion of the pivot member may be placed within the lower bearing portion, which is then placed over the lower bearing portion to secure the ball portion of the pivot member in place. The socket, e.g., a bearing portion, may be secured to the housing and the ball portion of the pivot member secured within the socket, thereby securing the ball portion relative to the housing. The bearing surface of the socket may be the only part of the device that contacts the ball portion of the pivot member. The bearing surface supports and secures the pivot member relative to the housing while also facilitating movement of the pivot member relative to the housing.

[0039] The pivot member and socket may be formed of any suitable material. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the pivot member and socket are formed from dissimilar materials to facilitate low-friction operation. The pivot member may be formed from a lightweight polished metal material. The pivot member may be formed from a polymer. For example, the pivot member may be formed from an engineering-grade plastic. The pivot member may comprise a composite material, such as glass-filled nylon. The socket / bearing may be formed from a low-friction material such as acetal or Teflon. The pivot arm and ball portion of the pivot member may be integrally formed. The pivot member may be substantially rigid or formed from a solid material.

[0040] The housing may also be formed of a rigid or solid material. For example, the housing may comprise a rigid polymer. In particular, the housing may comprise acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) or acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA).

[0041] The sensor arrangement of the present invention operates in conjunction with the pivoting member to provide a motion measurement arrangement configured to measure a parameter of the motion of a strikeable object. According to a particular form of the invention, the sensor arrangement includes a non-contact sensor for detecting and measuring movement of the pivoting member. For example, the sensor arrangement can include a sensor spaced from the pivoting member and configured for non-contact movement measurement of the pivoting member.

[0042] The use of a non-contact sensor arrangement offers significant advantages over sensors that require contact with the moving surface of the orbiting member, as is the case with rotary encoders used in some prior art systems. The non-contact sensor arrangement eliminates sources of friction, allowing for less constrained and more natural movement of the orbiting member. Furthermore, the non-contact sensor arrangement reduces or eliminates mechanical wear and tear by reducing the number of contacting components.

[0043] Additionally, conventional contact sensors, such as rotary encoders, are prone to clogging with dirt, grime, salt, dust, etc., reducing sensor accuracy and life expectancy. The use of a non-contact sensor allows the sensor to be potentially isolated from the pivoting member and from any water, debris, etc. that comes into contact with the pivoting member. In one form of the invention, the sensor is secured within a weatherproof portion of the housing and is separated from the pivoting member by a wall, seal, or other weatherproof barrier configured sufficient to protect the sensor but not to interfere with non-contact motion measurements of the pivoting member. The housing may therefore be either waterproof or highly water resistant.

[0044] In a particular form of the invention, the sensor is a multi-axis Hall effect sensor, the sensor arrangement further including a magnet, and the sensor is configured to measure movement of the magnet relative to the Hall effect sensor. The magnet may be associated with the pivoting member. In particular, the magnet may move relative to the pivoting member. For example, the magnet may be fixed to the pivoting member. The Hall effect sensor may be a three-axis Hall effect sensor capable of measuring XY movement of the magnet and rotation of the magnet. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that Hall effect sensors are typically more reliable than rotary encoders. Furthermore, rotary encoders are undesirable and unreliable for high-speed measurements, while Hall effect sensors are better suited to the rapid movements typical of pivoting members used in games or sports training devices.

[0045] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that upon a change in the magnetic field (i.e., movement of the magnet), the Hall Effect sensor outputs a voltage indicative of the movement of the magnet. The Hall Effect sensor, therefore, advantageously allows for contactless measurement of the pivoting member and may also allow a barrier or seal to be positioned between the sensor and the magnet. According to certain forms of the invention, the sensor is fixed relative to the housing and the magnet is arranged for movement with the pivoting member relative to the housing. The magnet may be disposed within the pivoting member or may be attached to the pivoting member such that the magnet moves relative to the pivoting member. Alternatively, the magnet may be integrally formed as part of the pivoting member itself. For example, at least a portion of the pivoting member may be formed of a magnetic material.

[0046] In alternative forms of the invention, the sensor arrangement may comprise optical sensors and / or capacitive accelerometers.

[0047] According to a particular form of the invention, the magnet is fixed to a portion of the pivot member, such as the surface of the pivot member. The magnet may be fixed to the bottom surface of the pivot member. In particular, the pivot member may include a protrusion extending from the bottom surface of the ball portion, the magnet being attached, secured or positioned on the protrusion.

[0048] The sensor may be positioned within the housing, beneath the magnet, potentially separated by a seal or weather barrier, and close enough to the magnet to allow sensing of the magnetic flux from the magnet. A larger or stronger magnet may potentially allow the sensor to be spaced further away from the magnet. It is understood that the location, size, strength, or other configuration may vary depending on the particular application of the invention.

[0049] According to certain embodiments of the invention, the sensor is mounted on a printed circuit board (PCB) fixed within the housing and positioned below the pivoting member. In alternative forms of the invention, the PCB may be located elsewhere, for example, on the side of the pivoting member. In one form of the invention, the housing includes a dished or recessed barrier positioned above the sensor / PCB and below the pivoting member. In particular, the magnet is positioned within the dish (i.e., recessed portion) of the recessed member, but does not contact it.

[0050] The range of motion of the magnet may generally correspond to a concave or dished three-dimensional path. The dish of the concave member may therefore generally be shaped to accommodate the range of motion of the magnet and to maintain a space between the concave member and the magnet. In certain embodiments of the invention, the concave member comprises a PCB support, with the PCB secured to a bottom surface of the PCB support. The PCB support may be dished or include a dished (e.g., concave) portion in which the magnet is received or recessed. The concave portion may therefore surround or partially surround the magnet. In one form of the invention, the sensor is centrally positioned with respect to the concave portion of the PCB support. The sensor may be positioned below a lowest portion of the concave portion. Both the ball portion of the pivot member and the sensor may be positioned along a central axis of the housing.

[0051] In an alternative form of the invention, the sensor arrangement may include sensors disposed or integrated within or on the pivoting member, or that move relative to the pivoting member. For example, an inertial sensor, a 3D accelerometer, or a 3D gyroscope may be disposed within the pivoting member. This alternative form of the invention may potentially allow for a reduced housing size when the sensor arrangement is built into the pivoting member. A pivoting member with an integrated sensor arrangement may also improve the weather resistance of the device.

[0052] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the sensor arrangement is configured to measure an indication of the velocity and direction of the strikeable object. The sensor arrangement may also be configured to measure an indication of the acceleration of the strikeable object. The indication of acceleration may also be used to determine an indication of the force applied to the strikeable object by the user. For example, the acceleration indication may be calculated by monitoring changes in velocity over time. The sensor arrangement may therefore include a timer, and pivot member movement data is recorded with a timestamp.

[0053] The sensor arrangement is configured to measure multi-axial movement of the pivoting member and infer parameters of the motion of the strikeable object from the movement / motion of the pivoting member. As indicated above, one or more sensors of the sensor arrangement may thus be associated with the pivoting member. For example, sensors may be located adjacent to the pivoting member and / or within the housing. The sensor arrangement may thus directly measure the motion of the pivoting member to indirectly measure or infer the motion of the strikeable object.

[0054] In another form of the invention, the sensor arrangement may include one or more sensors associated with the strikeable object to directly measure parameters of the strikeable object's motion. For example, the sensor arrangement may include 3D accelerometers and / or 3D gyroscopes disposed on or in the strikeable object. The strikeable object sensors may be used to supplement data provided by sensors measuring movement of the pivoting member.

[0055] Parameters of the hittable object's motion may thus enable evaluation and display of game or training metrics. For example, measuring the direction of the hittable object may make it possible to monitor which players are winning a particular game such as tetherball. Measuring an indication of the acceleration or velocity of the hittable object may make it possible to monitor player performance metrics for training purposes. Or, it may make it possible to provide game metrics such as fastest strike in the game, maximum backhand, forehand, ball spin, % of shots returned, average improvement over time, number of hits, etc.

[0056] The housing of the present invention may be positioned or oriented as needed to suit a particular game or type of sports training. For example, if the device is configured for the game of soccer, the housing may be secured to a base on the ground. Alternatively, the housing may be secured directly to the ground; for example, the housing may include a point on its bottom for driving into dirt or sand.

[0057] In one embodiment of the present invention, the device includes an upright support member, with the housing attached to an upper portion of the support member. For example, if the device is used as a tetherball, badminton, or tennis training device, the housing may be elevated off the ground by the upright support member so that the tether and hittable object are at an appropriate height for the particular sport or game. If the invention is used as a soccer training device, the support member may be relatively short so that the housing is closer to the ground to facilitate kicking the hittable object.

[0058] The support member may comprise a support post or pole. The support member may have an adjustable length. For example, the support member may comprise several telescoping segments and a locking arrangement for locking the telescoping movement of the segments relative to one another at a desired height. The adjustable support member length may facilitate adjusting the position of the housing to accommodate different user heights. The adjustable length may also facilitate use of the device in a multi-game or multi-sport training device, whereby the housing position can be raised or lowered as desired for different games or sports. The support member may also be foldable for easy storage.

[0059] In one form of the invention, the support member may be secured directly to the ground. For example, the lower end of the support member may be pointed to facilitate driving into soil or sand. The lower end of the support member may also be positioned within a suitable post anchor placed in the ground. Alternatively, the apparatus may further include a base to which the lower portion of the support member is secured.

[0060] The base may be configured for use in a particular game or sport. For example, the base may require additional weight or size for games such as badminton or tetherball, where the support posts are relatively long and the leverage applied to the base through the support posts during use is relatively high. Conversely, if the device is used with shorter support members, such as in a soccer training device, a smaller or lighter base may be all that is needed.

[0061] The base may comprise a container that can be filled with ballast material. For example, the base may be fillable with water or sand and may include an opening for filling with water and removing water from the base. Alternatively, the base may comprise a generally planar disk or sheet that is not fillable with ballast material.

[0062] The base may include a biasing arrangement to absorb shock and prevent the base from lifting during use. The biasing means may therefore allow a higher force to be applied to an object that can be struck without the device tipping over. The biasing means may comprise a spring, for example a helical spring, to inhibit movement of the support member during use. Alternatively, the biasing means may comprise a flexible member, such as a flexible rubber sheet or flexible rubber joint. According to certain embodiments of the invention, a lower portion of the support member may be received within the helical spring.

[0063] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the base includes a storage recess for the housing. The base may also include a storage recess for the hittable object. In one form of the invention, the recess is formed on a bottom surface of the base. The base may further include a removable cover for the recess. In one form of the invention, the housing is configured to store the tether within the housing, and the base is configured to store the hittable object and the housing. In this manner, the device may be disassembled and conveniently stored. The recess may be configured to accommodate the housing. For example, the recess may be shaped and sized to accommodate the shape and size of the housing. In this manner, the housing can fit snugly within the recess, and the recess does not occupy unnecessary volume within the base. Furthermore, the recess does not reduce potential ballast capacity more than necessary.

[0064] The housing may include a battery compartment for receiving batteries to provide power to the electronic components of the device. The device may also be at least partially solar powered. For example, the housing may include a solar power component, such as a solar photovoltaic panel. The batteries in the battery component may be rechargeable. According to certain embodiments, the device may be configured to recharge the batteries using the solar power component or using a separate charging device.

[0065] The device may include sensors for measuring the movement of the PCB and pivoting member, and additional electrical components. For example, the housing may include a display screen for displaying game or training information.

[0066] The apparatus may further include an electronic processing device configured to receive signals indicative of movement of the pivoting member from the sensor arrangement and process the signals to determine one or more object sensors of a strikeable object movement. The processing device may be configured to determine one or more game parameters, such as points, percentage of shots won, player score, etc. The processing device may be configured to display the one or more determined object or game parameters on a display screen. For example, a game score or object velocity may be displayed.

[0067] In one embodiment of the present invention, the processing device may process data from the sensor arrangement to determine an indication of one or more parameters of the motion of the strikeable object. According to certain embodiments, the processing device may perform calculations that assume the tether is taut. According to certain embodiments, the processing device is provided with predetermined data regarding the tether and / or the strikeable object. For example, the predetermined data may include tether length, strikeable object mass, or strikeable object drag coefficient. According to certain embodiments, the tether is 1 meter long.

[0068] According to certain embodiments, the processing device divides a circular game play area around the gaming device into four quadrants of 90 degrees each. The locations of the four quadrants may correspond to the position of the pivot member such that the processing device records which of the four quadrants the pivot member arm (and therefore the tether) is currently in. The four quadrants may be designated quadrants 0, 1, 2, and 3 in consecutive clockwise or counterclockwise order, such that quadrants 0 and 2 are opposite each other and quadrants 1 and 3 are opposite each other. The number of players and type of game may be entered into the gaming device such that predetermined information provided to the processing device includes the number and placement of players.

[0069] According to a typical single-player game of tetherball, a player may hit a hittable object (in the tetherball example, the ball), and the quadrant in which the ball is first hit may be designated quadrant 0. The ball travels through quadrants 1, 2, and 3, then returns to quadrant 0 to be hit again by the player in the opposite direction. When the pivoting member arm is detected to have entered quadrant 1, the processing device may start a timer that records the time it takes for the pivoting arm to move through one or more of the quadrants. When the pivoting arm returns to quadrant 0, the timer may be stopped. The processing device may therefore infer ball speed based on the time it takes for the pivoting arm to move across one or more of the quadrants. The distance traveled may be a function of tether length, which may be a predetermined and known parameter for the processing device.

[0070] A typical two-player game of tetherball is described below. The number of players (2) and the type of game (tetherball) are entered into the game device, and the sensor device records the number of players and the game type as predetermined information. In a two-player game of tetherball, players stand facing each other. Player 1 stands in front of indicia, such as a label on the device that reads "Player 1." Player 2 stands in front of indicia, such as a label on the device that reads "Player 2." The processing device can thereby designate Player 1 as quadrant 0 and Player 2 as quadrant 2. During a game where a hittable object is first hit by Player 1, the object passes through one of quadrants 1 or 3 on its way to Player 2's position in quadrant 2. A timer may be started when the pivoting member is pivoted into one of quadrants 1 or 3 and then stopped when the pivoting member exits that quadrant in quadrant 2. Using a known length of the tether (e.g., 1 meter), the processing device can infer the velocity of Player 1's hit based on the time it takes for the pivoting member to pivot through quadrant 1 or 3. Similarly, the velocity of Player 2's hit can be inferred from the time it takes for the pivoting member to pass through quadrant 1 or 3 in the direction from Quadrant 2 to Quadrant 0.

[0071] The processing device may form part of a PCB in the sensor arrangement. The processing device may be a microprocessor. The processing device may also be configured for wireless connection with a user client device and for the determined parameters to be displayed on the user client device. For example, the processing device may be configured to display game or training information on a user's smartphone via an application or the like. The device may be capable of interacting with a user via tactile switches or buttons on the device or via the user's wireless client device and displaying information digitally to the user. The digital nature of the present invention may allow game winners or losers to be displayed, audibly announced, or displayed digitally, i.e., without the player having to keep track of the game score. The device may include one or more speakers for announcing game or training information audibly or for generating electronic sounds, such as a buzzer. According to certain embodiments, the device may be configured for wireless connection to a client device, such as a smartphone, and to a device configured to generate sounds on the client device.

[0072] A device according to the present invention may have a corresponding software application available for use on a user client device. For example, the application may display game or training data during use or after a game or training session is completed. The software application may perform data analysis or calculations to display desired data to the user. For example, data processing may occur partially within the device's PCB, with further processing occurring within the application. Alternatively, raw sensor data may be communicated to the application, whereby all calculations are performed by the software application. According to certain embodiments, the software application on the client device may indicate on / off status, battery level, and other game characteristics.

[0073] The housing may include a capacitive switch for powering the device on or off and / or adjusting game parameters or information displayed on the display screen. The capacitive switch may include an LED for indicating on / off status and low battery capacity.

[0074] For a more complete understanding of the present invention, one embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0075] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a side view of a tetherball device according to the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the tetherball device of FIG. 1. [Figure 2a] FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the tether length adjustment device of FIG. 2. [Figure 2b] FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the tether clamp nut of FIG. 2. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the tetherball device of FIG. 1. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the housing and tether of the device of the previous figure. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a pivot member and clamping nut suitable for use in the apparatus of the previous figures; [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a side perspective view of a housing within the device of the previous figure; [Figure 7] 7 is a cross-sectional side view of the housing of FIG. 6 with the pivot member in a central orientation. [Figure 7a] FIG. 10 is another cross-sectional side view of the housing, with the pivot member in an oblique orientation. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the housing from a top angle. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is an exploded view of the housing from a lower angle. [Figure 10] FIG. 2 is a partial exploded view of the base of the device shown in FIG. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a perspective underside view of the base of FIG. 10. [Figure 11]FIG. 11 is a bottom view of the base of FIGS. 9 and 10. [Figure 12] FIG. 11 is a bottom view of the base of FIGS. 9 and 10. [Figure 13] 10A-10C show alternative embodiments of pivot members for use in the apparatus of the present invention. [Figure 14] 10A-10C are perspective views of a housing and tether according to the present invention, illustrating an alternative embodiment of a tether clamping nut. [Figure 15] 1 shows a soccer training device according to the present invention when used with a flat type base. [Figure 16] 1 illustrates a soccer training device according to the present invention when used with a ballast type base. [Figure 17] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the tetherball device of FIG. 1 with player quadrants attached. [Figure 18] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a base of the device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0076] FIG. 1 shows a tetherball device 10 including a head assembly 11 having a top portion 24 and a bottom portion 26. The assembly 11 includes a generally spherical housing 12. The bottom assembly portion 26 is attached to an upper portion of a support post 14 extending from a base 16. A pivot member 18 is partially positioned within the top assembly portion 24 and extends from the top assembly portion 24 outside of the housing 12.

[0077] A hittable object comprising a tennis ball 20 is connected to a pivot member 18 via a tether 22. In particular, a proximal end 28 of the tether 22 is coupled to the pivot member 18. A distal end 30 of the tether 22 is coupled to the ball 20. The distal end 30 may be coupled to the ball 20 via a rotatable joint to prevent twisting of the tether 22. For example, the rotatable joint may comprise a swivel. The tether comprises a flexible line formed from a woven nylon cord. Depending on the particular application, a lightweight cord material such as fishing line or a similar lightweight tether may be appropriate.

[0078] Support post 14 is a two-piece telescoping post with an outer member 14b engaged with base 16 and an inner member 14a engaged with bottom 26 of assembly 11. Inner member 14a is telescopically received within outer member 14b, and the two parts 14a, 14b are secured relative to one another via height adjustment knob 34. Height adjustment knob 34 facilitates adjustment of the length of support post 14, thereby allowing for height adjustment of assembly 11 relative to base 16.

[0079] Base 16 includes biasing means with a helical spring 42 against which support post 14, particularly outer member 14b, rests. Helical spring 42 absorbs shocks during use of device 10, reducing the likelihood of base 16 lifting or tipping over.

[0080] The tether includes a tether length adjustment device with a clip 32, which will be discussed in further detail subsequently with reference to FIGS. 2 and 2a. FIG. 2a provides an enlarged perspective view of the tether length adjustment device 32 shown in FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 2a, the clip 32 creates a loop 23 of the tether that wraps around a portion of the clip 32, thereby shortening the working length of the tether 22. By adding or removing loops from the clip 32, a user may adjust the tether length to a desired length. The clip 32 includes a flexible, resilient portion 33 that can bend to open the clip 32 or allow convenient addition or removal of tether loops 23. Operation of the tether length adjustment device is also shown in FIG. 14, in which a tether loop 22a is wrapped around the clip 32 to shorten the working length of the tether 22.

[0081] According to certain embodiments, the tether adjustment device may include a flexible slot that is slightly narrower than the diameter of the tether. The tether may be looped around the adjustment device and secured within the slot. This advantageously allows the tether to be easily shortened or lengthened by adding or removing loops from the adjustment device.

[0082] Figure 2b shows an enlarged perspective view of the tether clamp nut 36 shown in Figure 2. The tether clamp nut 36 is threaded onto the pivot arm 38 to couple the tether 22 to the pivot arm 38. Loosening the clamp nut 36 allows the tether 22 to be released, facilitating replacement of the tether 22.

[0083] 2 also shows a user client device comprising a smartphone 40 in a wireless connection (specifically, a Bluetooth connection) with assembly 11. Such data may be communicated from assembly 11 to smartphone 40, allowing the user to view game or training metrics on smartphone 40. In an alternative form of the invention, the wireless connection may include a WiFi connection.

[0084] The base 16 includes a container 17 that can be filled with ballast material through an opening 44 that includes a threaded cap 46. The ballast material, e.g., water, allows the weight of the base 16 to be reduced to prevent or reduce the likelihood of tipping over during use.

[0085] 3, a cross section of device 10 is provided showing lower end 48 of support post 14 mating with helical spring 42. FIG. 3 also shows upper portion 50 of support post 14 received in corresponding opening 52. Pivot member 18 is shown in its upper portion extending from top 24 of assembly 11.

[0086] As shown in FIG. 3 , pivot member 18 includes a ball portion 54 and a pivot arm 38 extending from ball portion 54. Referring to FIG. 4 , ball portion 54 of pivot member 18 is partially visible at the base of an opening 56 in the top 24 of assembly 11. Pivot arm 38 extends through housing opening 56 and protrudes outside of housing 12. Housing opening 56 flares outwardly, thus increasing in diameter from the inside (or lower end) of housing opening 56 to the outside (or upper end) of housing opening 56. Housing opening 56 thereby defines a funnel-shaped or frusto-conical passageway that widens toward the top 24 of assembly 11.

[0087] As shown in Figure 4, housing 12 also includes indicia 64 designating two sides of housing 12 on which two opposing players will stand. Figure 4 shows indicia 64a corresponding to the side of housing 12 on which player 2 will stand. Opposing sides of housing 12 are shown in Figure 6, where a second indicia 64b is shown corresponding to the side of the housing on which player 1 will stand.

[0088] 5 shows the pivot member 18 and clamp nut 36 separated from the rest of the device 12. The ball portion 54 has a spherical configuration. The pivot arm 38 is generally cylindrical and extends from an upper side of the ball portion 54, with a protrusion 58 extending from a lower side of the ball portion 54. The pivot arm 38 includes external threads 60 at a distal end of the pivot arm 38. The external threads 60 are configured to threadingly engage internal threads (not shown) in the clamp nut 36. The pivot arm 38 further includes an opening 62 for receiving a tether before the clamp nut 36 is tightened onto the pivot arm 38 to couple the tether to the pivot arm 38.

[0089] FIG. 6 shows an enlarged side perspective view of housing 12. Housing 12 includes a capacitive switch 68 for powering device 10 on or off. Capacitive switch 68 may include an LED to indicate when the electronics are powered on and / or to indicate battery capacity by flashing when the battery is low. FIG. 6 also shows a lid 70 for a battery compartment 72 in housing 12 for powering device 10. Pivot arm 38 is cylindrical and can be seen protruding from top 24 of housing 12. FIG. 6 also shows a rotatable collar 74 at the base of assembly 11, which will be discussed in more detail below.

[0090] 7 provides a cross-sectional view of assembly 11 showing some of the components within housing 12. Assembly 11 has a central axis C that extends longitudinally through the center of assembly 11 and housing 12. Axis C extends centrally through ball portion 54 of pivot member 18. When pivot member 18 is oriented in the upright position shown in FIG. 7, central axis C also extends centrally through pivot arm 38.

[0091] The ball portion 54 of the pivot arm 38 is seated in a socket with a two-part bearing 76 having an upper portion 76a and a lower portion 76b. Each bearing portion 76a, 76b includes a concave surface 78 that contacts the outer surface of the ball portion 54. The bearings 76 are fixed within the housing 12 below the housing opening 56 through which the pivot arm 38 extends. The pivot member 18 is thus supported by and engages the bearings 76, allowing ball-and-socket or ball-joint movement of the pivot member 18 relative to the housing 12.

[0092] Housing opening 56 is centered in top 24 of housing 12 so that central axis C extends through the center of housing opening 56. Housing opening 56 flares outwardly of housing 12 and includes a surface 80 that is inclined relative to central axis C by angle α. The inclination of surface 80 is indicated by reference line M. In the illustrated form of the invention, angle α between central axis C and surface 80 is approximately 40°. Surface 80 surrounds pivot arm 38 and defines the edge of the range of travel available to pivot arm 38.

[0093] The angled surface 80 thus defines a conical or funnel-shaped section of travel through which the pivot arm 38 is permitted to move before the pivot arm contacts the surface 80. The pivot arm 38 is thus permitted to move freely within the conical section defined by the opening 56 and generally indicated by the reference line M. As is apparent from Figure 7, the pivot arm 38 is thus permitted a range of movement of 2α or 80° from one side of the opening 56 to the opposite side of the opening 56.

[0094] It will be appreciated that the angle α may vary depending on the sensitivity of the sensor and the functional range of the magnet. In one form of the invention, the angle α may be between 15° and 65°, more particularly between 20° and 60°, more particularly between 25° and 55°, even more particularly between 30° and 50°, with a more particular angle α being about 40°.

[0095] FIG. 7a shows the pivot arm 38 inclined to one side of the flared opening 56 and in contact with the inclined surface 80. Thus, in FIG. 7a, the longitudinal axis P of the pivot arm is inclined at approximately 40° from the central axis C. As shown in FIG. 7a, the magnet 59 is shifted to one side within the recessed portion 82 of the PCB support 84. FIG. 7a shows the angle α of FIG. 7 equal to 40°. Thus, the conical section defined by the flared opening 56 has an angle of approximately 40° relative to the central axis C of the housing 12.

[0096] Figure 7a shows a circumferential rib 38a formed on the pivot arm 38 that provides a contact point with the surface 80. The rib 38a is also shown in Figure 14. The rib 38a is intended to minimize the contact surface, and therefore, minimize friction, between the pivot arm 38 and the surface 80 of the opening 56.

[0097] The ball-and-socket configuration allows the pivot arm 38 to move 360° about the edge of the surface 80 and laterally within the opening 56, i.e., XY degrees of freedom. The ball-and-socket configuration also allows the pivot arm 38 to rotate 360° about the longitudinal or central axis of the pivot member 18, i.e., a third degree of freedom. For example, the pivot arm 38 can remain aligned with the central axis C, i.e., stationary in the XY plane, as shown in FIG. 7, but rotate axially about the axis of the pivot member 18. The three degrees of freedom are best shown in FIG. 4, where the XY translation is labeled XY and the axial rotation about the axis P of the pivot member 18 is labeled A.

[0098] Returning to FIG. 7 , a neodymium magnet 59 is secured to the outer surface of the pivot member 18. The magnet 59 is disposed on the bottom surface of the ball portion 54, and specifically, is secured to the end of the protrusion 58. The protrusion 58 and magnet 59 are positioned within a recess having a dished or concave portion 82 in a PCB (printed circuit board) support 84. The concave portion 82 is shaped to correspond to the range of travel available to the magnet 59. The concave portion 82 is spaced from the range of possible contact with the magnet 59 so that the pivot member 18 may move freely without the possibility of contacting the PCB support 84.

[0099] The PCB support 84 is secured within the housing 12 and provides a mounting point for a PCB (printed circuit board) 86 secured to the bottom surface of the PCB support 84. The PCB 86 is generally planar and oriented perpendicular to the central axis C of the housing 12. A triaxial Hall effect sensor 88 is centrally mounted on the upper side of the PCB and is generally aligned with the central axis C, as shown in FIG. 7 . The sensor 88 is disposed below the recessed portion 82 and below the magnet 59. The PCB support 84 is formed of molded plastic and is positioned between the pivot member 18 and the PCB 86. The recessed portion 82 is positioned between the magnet 59 and the sensor 88. The PCB support may therefore act as a barrier against weather, debris, grime, dust, etc., passing through the interface between the bearing 76 and the pivot member 18.

[0100] A seal comprising an O-ring is disposed in annular channel 92 on the upper side of PCB support 64. The O-ring seals volume 94 below bearing 76 from the rest of the interior of housing 12 so that any water or debris that passes through the interface of ball portion 54 and bearing 76 cannot enter further into the housing interior to the PCB or other electrical components, such as battery compartment 72, also shown in FIG. 7 . PCB support 84 and O-ring 90 thus separate the electronic components from the ball and socket. Rainwater trapped in opening 56 can be emptied simply by inverting housing 12.

[0101] The Hall effect sensor 88 allows for contactless measurement of the movement of the magnet 59. The Hall effect sensor 88 may therefore operate while isolated from the magnet 59 by the recessed portion 82. According to a particular form of the invention, the Hall effect sensor comprises an MLX90393 magnetic sensor IC chip. In use, movement of the pivot member 18 induced by striking a strikeable object is detected and measured by the Hall effect sensor 88 by measuring the movement of the magnet 59. The triaxial Hall effect sensor 88 is configured to measure XY movement and axial rotation of the pivot member 18 about axis A of the pivot member 18 illustrated in FIG. 4 .

[0102] 7 and 8 show post socket 53 at the upper end of post opening 52 for receiving upper portion 50 of support post 14, as shown in FIG. 3. Assembly 11 includes a post clamp 98 positioned on the bottom surface of housing 12. Post clamp 98 is positioned within rotatable collar 74 and includes a plurality of resilient fingers 96 that surround a portion of post opening 52. Resilient fingers 96 are forced outward upon insertion of post 14 into post opening 52. Rotatable collar 74 is threadably engaged with post clamp 98, and as rotatable collar 74 is tightened, resilient fingers 96 are squeezed inward by rotatable collar 74 to tighten against support post 14, thereby securing housing 12 to support post 14.

[0103] 8 and 9 provide an exploded view of the head assembly 11, including the housing 12 and various internal components therein.

[0104] In the top portion of FIG. 8 , the tether clamp nut 36 is shown over a flared opening 56 with an inclined surface 80 formed in the upper housing portion 12a. The pivot member 18 is positioned between an upper bearing portion 76a and a lower bearing portion 76b. The bearing 76 is locked into a downwardly extending hollow boss 77 formed in the upper housing portion 12a. An O-ring 90 is shown deployed from its seat within a channel 92 formed in the upper side of the PCB support 84. The hollow boss 77 is partially received within the channel 92 and seats against the O-ring 90. The boss 77 and the recessed portion 82 of the PCB support 84 collectively form a water / dust barrier between the ball-and-socket arrangement and the remainder of the interior of the housing 12.

[0105] At the bottom of Figure 8, rotatable collar 74 includes internal threads 95 that engage external threads 93 on post clamp 98. Resilient fingers 96 extend downwardly into collar 74 on the underside of post clamp 98. The upper side of post clamp 98 includes three upwardly extending hollow protrusions 99. As best seen in Figure 9, hollow protrusions 99 extend through corresponding openings 83 in the base of lower housing section 12b.

[0106] 9, PCB support 84 includes three downwardly extending long protrusions 85 and three downwardly extending short protrusions 91. The long protrusions extend through opposing openings 87 in PCB 86. The short protrusions 91 include internal threads. The short protrusions 91 align with corresponding smaller openings 89 in PCB 86, allowing three screws to extend through the three smaller openings 89 and engage the internal threads in the three short protrusions 91, thereby screwing PCB 86 into the bottom surface of PCB support 84. Thus, PCB 86 is spaced from PCB support 84 by approximately the length of the short protrusions 91, which is slightly longer than the depth of recessed portion 82, as shown in FIG. 7. PCB 86 and sensor 88 are thereby positioned below and slightly spaced from recessed portion 82 of PCB support 84.

[0107] The long projections 85 are hollow and align with projections 99 extending upwardly from post clamps 98, as best seen in FIG. 7. The projections 85 each define a bolt passage having an upper opening 79, shown in FIG. 8. The openings 79 align with corresponding downwardly extending internally threaded projections 81 in the upper housing portion 12a, shown in FIGS. 9 and 7. The head assembly 11 is thereby secured via three bolts 97 inserted into the post clamps 98, extending through the post clamp projections 99 and PCB long projections 85, and then engaging the internally threaded projections 81 of the upper housing portion 12a.

[0108] As shown in Figure 8, lower housing portion 12b includes two battery compartments 72 with corresponding battery compartment lids 70 secured via corresponding battery lid screws 71. Battery lid screws 71 engage internally threaded bosses in lower housing portion 12b. As shown in Figures 8 and 9, bearings 76, PCB support 84, and PCB 86 are generally round.

[0109] The base 16 will now be described with reference to Figures 10-12. The base 16 comprises a hollow container 17 having a capacity of approximately 20 L that can be filled with ballast material, in particular water, via an opening 19 that can be closed via a cap 21. A helical spring 42 is received in a spring mount 25 that is fixed to the container 17 via a bolt 27. The helical spring 42 acts to neutralize multi-directional loads when the ball 20 is struck, helping to reduce the likelihood of the base 16 tipping over on the ground.

[0110] As shown in FIG. 11 , container 17 includes integrally formed storage recesses for receiving components of device 10. In particular, the bottom surface of container 17 at base 16 includes a larger recess 29a for receiving housing 12 and a smaller recess 29b for receiving ball 20. Larger recess 29a and smaller recess 29b are connected via channel 29c for receiving components of tether 22. During storage, excess tether 22 fits within smaller recess 29b under ball 20 and can then be fed along channel 29c to pivot member 18. Smaller recess 29b is sized to receive and secure ball 20 via an interference fit within recess 29c.

[0111] As shown in FIGS. 10 and 12, a pivotable recess lid 31 covers the larger recess 29a to secure the housing 12 within the larger recess 29a. One side of the lid 31 is pivotally secured to the container 17 via a screw 35 and a hex nut 37. The hex nut 37 is recessed into the bottom of the container 17. Specifically, the hex nut fits into a corresponding recess (e.g., a blind hole) formed in the bottom of the container 17. In this manner, the lid 31 can be held in place by the screw 35 without forming a hole in the container that could cause leakage of ballast material. The lid 31 includes an opening that engages a resilient, raised protrusion 39 on the bottom of the container 17. The lid 31 is bent over the resilient protrusion 39 to engage the opening in the lid with the protrusion 39, thereby securing the lid 31 in a closed position over the recess 29a. Base 16 includes non-slip rubber feet 33, shown in FIGS. 10 and 12, received in openings 33a, shown in FIG. 11, and positioned equidistantly around the bottom surface of base 16.

[0112] FIG. 13 illustrates an internal pivoting member 118 according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, in which the electrical components of the present invention are internalized within the pivoting member 118. In particular, the pivoting member 118 includes a battery 141, a PCB 186, and an internal sensor 188. The PCB 186 may include a processing device and a wireless transmitting device for communicating to a user's client device or to a display or speaker on the device. The pivoting member 118 is generally similar in structure to the pivoting member 18 and similarly includes a spherical ball portion 154 and a pivot arm 138 extending from the ball portion 154. By incorporating the electrical components of the device within the pivoting member 118, the overall size of the housing may be reduced. Additionally, the device may advantageously have increased weather resistance.

[0113] FIG. 14 illustrates another alternative embodiment of the present invention with an alternative tether clamp nut 136. The tether clamp nut 136 includes a single opening at its upper end through which the tether 22 extends. Inside the clamp nut 136, the proximal end of the tether 22 is clamped against the distal end of the pivot arm 38. This configuration may be preferable to the previously discussed and illustrated tether clamp nut 36 in which the tether 22 is fed through a side opening and with a tether "tail" protruding through the nut. In contrast, the tether clamp nut 136 does not require a tether tail. Furthermore, the tether 22 extends directly from the distal end of the clamp nut 136; therefore, the proximal end of the tether 22 is aligned with the axis of the pivot arm 38 during use, potentially providing more natural movement of the pivot arm 18 in response to movement of the tether 22.

[0114] As previously discussed, the present invention may be configured as a training device for various games and sports. FIGS. 15 and 16 illustrate an embodiment of the present invention when configured as a soccer game or soccer training device. FIG. 15 illustrates device 200 for use with a flat base 216, with spring mounts 225 secured to a flat disk 217. Device 200 includes a soccer ball 220 instead of the tennis ball 20 of device 10. Device 200 includes a shortened support post 214 so that housing 212 is at the height of the soccer game or soccer training device. The tether 222 of device 200 is also longer than the tether 22 of device 10, allowing the soccer ball 220 to be kicked along the ground. The mechanical components of the assembly, including the housing and its internal components, such as the pivoting member and sensor arrangement, are alternatively equivalent in device 200 to those of device 10.

[0115] Apparatus 200 may also be used with a ballast-type base 316, as shown in Figure 16. Base 316 may be generally similar to base 16 described above with respect to apparatus 10, although bottom base 316 may not necessarily include a recess for storing a ball.

[0116] As previously discussed, each side of head assembly 11 includes indicia for designating a player number. Figure 6 shows indicia 64b, which is a Player 1 label, indicating that the player standing on that side of head assembly 11 is designated Player 1 by the processing device. As shown in Figure 4, the opposite side of head assembly 11 includes Player 2 indicia 64a, which indicates that the player standing on that side of head assembly 11 is designated Player 2 by the processing device.

[0117] Referring to Figure 17, a processing device nominally divides the playing area into four quadrants designated 0, 1, 2, and 3 (in clockwise order). The four quadrants are labeled in Figure 17. The longitudinal axis of the tetherball device (axis C, shown in Figure 7a) extends through the intersection of the four quadrants. Quadrants 0 and 2 correspond to player 1 indicia 64b and player 2 indicia 64a, such that a player standing in front of player 1 indicia is in quadrant 0, and a player standing in front of player 2 indicia is in quadrant 2.

[0118] The processing device is configured to detect the position of the pivot arm relative to the four quadrants. In the perspective view shown in Figure 17, the hittable object comprises a ball 20 being hit by player 2 (not shown) in quadrant 2 and moving in the direction indicated by arrow H toward quadrant 3. Upon entering quadrant 3, the movement of the pivot arm into quadrant 3 triggers a timer within the processing device that is stopped when the pivot member crosses from quadrant 3 to quadrant 0. The time it takes the pivot member to cross quadrant 3 indicates the time it takes ball 20 to cross quadrant 3, and this timing record is used to calculate an estimate of the ball velocity based on an estimate of the distance traveled by the ball while entering and exiting quadrant 3.

[0119] According to certain embodiments, the approximate distance traveled by the ball while entering or exiting quadrant 3 may either be predetermined or otherwise determined in use by the processing device based on the pivoting member travel path. In an example of a predetermined distance, the processing device may estimate the distance as π / 2, or approximately 1.57 m, and assume a tether length of 1 m. This estimate assumes a relative horizontal path of ball 20, which may lead to an underestimation of velocity, for example, if the ball path is diagonal. Therefore, in embodiments of the present invention, the processing device may also be configured to infer the vertical and horizontal positions of the ball to make a more accurate estimate of the distance traveled, and therefore a more accurate calculation of velocity.

[0120] In an alternative embodiment, the processing device is configured to record position data of the pivoting member many times per second, thereby allowing velocity to be determined based on the rate of position change over time. According to this method, object acceleration can be estimated by recording changes in velocity over time. Given the mass of the strikeable object and tether, an estimate of the force applied to the strikeable object can be determined. Such a method of continuous position recording may include recording vertical and horizontal displacement, and thus may provide desirable accurate velocity calculations.

[0121] In yet another embodiment, the device may be configured to infer a general representation of the motion of a hittable object and add a "gamification" factor to the inferred motion. For example, to improve gameplay excitement, the device may add a multiplicative factor to the inferred motion. The device may be configured to add a 2x multiplier factor to the inferred speed of the hittable object so that the presented speed is twice the inferred speed. With this particular configuration, the device is not necessarily configured to display a precise motion measurement, but is nonetheless configured to measure an indication of the object's motion. The multiplicative factor may be used to improve gameplay dynamics by increasing the speed presented to the player. The multiplicative factor may be used to display a speed closer to that of a ball in free flight, i.e., not slowed down by the impact of a tethered ball. The multiplicative factor may be consistently added to objects hit by both Player 1 and Player 2 so that the player with the higher recorded speed remains presented with a higher presented speed.

[0122] It will be appreciated that the software on device 200 may be configured for the game of soccer, and the software on device 10 may be configured for the game of tetherball. Alternatively, common software may be present on both devices, and the user is prompted to select which sport or game they intend to play.

[0123] 18 shows a specific embodiment of a base 160 of a tetherball device of the present invention. Base 160 includes indicia for players 1 and 2 with markers 160a and 160b on either side of base 160. Player position markers 160a, 160b can be aligned with other indicia on the device, such as player position indicia on the head assembly of the device.

[0124] From the above discussion, it can be seen that the present invention advantageously provides a multi-axis pivoting member capable of measuring multi-axis motion. Embodiments of the present invention that provide non-contact measurement advantageously provide a significant improvement over previous systems that relied on rotary encoders that introduced friction into the system.

[0125] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention described herein is susceptible to variations and modifications other than those specifically described, and it is to be understood that the invention includes all such modifications and variations which fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0126] When the words "comprise", "comprises", "comprised" or "comprising" are used in this specification (including the claims), they are to be interpreted as specifying the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components, but not as excluding the presence of one or more other features, integers, steps, components or groups thereof. [Explanation of symbols]

[0127] 10 Tetherball device 11 Head Assembly 12 Housing 12a Upper housing part 12b Lower housing part 14 Support Post 14a Inner member 14b Outer member 16 base 17 Container 18 Swivel member 19 Aperture 20 tennis balls 21 Cap 22 Tether 22a Tether Loop 23 Loop 24 Upper 25 Spring Mount 26 Bottom 27 volts 28 Near End 29a Larger recess 29b Smaller recess 29c Channel 30 distal end 31 Swivel recess lid 32 clips 33 Flexible elastic part 34 Height adjustment knob 35 screws 36 Tether clamp nut 37 Hexagon nut 38 Swivel Arm 38a Rib 39 Protrusion 40 Smartphone 42 Spiral Spring 44 Aperture 46 Threaded Cap 48 Lower end 50 Upper part 52 Aperture 53 Post Socket 54 Ball part 56 Aperture 58 Protrusion 59 Magnet 60 external thread 62 Aperture 64 Sign 64a Sign 64b Sign 68 Capacitive Switch 70 Lid 72 Battery Compartment 74 Rotatable Collars 76 Bearings 76a Upper part 76b Lower part 77 Hollow Boss 78 Concave surface 80 surface 81 Protrusion 82 Concave part 83 Aperture 84 PCB support 85 Long protrusion 86 PCB 87 Aperture 88 Triaxial Hall Effect Sensor 89 Aperture 90 O-rings 91 Short protrusion 92 Annular Channel 93 External Thread 94 capacity 95 internal thread 96 Elastic Finger 98 Post Clamp 99 Hollow protrusion 118 Swivel member 136 Tether clamp nut 138 Swivel Arm 141 Batteries 154 Ball part 160 base 160a marker 160b marker 186 PCB 188 Internal Sensor 200 equipment 212 Housing 214 Support Post 216 Flat Base 217 Flat Disc 220 Soccer Ball 222 Tether 225 spring mount 316 base C center axis

Claims

1. Housing and a motion measurement arrangement comprising: a multi-axis pivot member disposed at least partially within the housing and movable relative to the housing in at least two axes; and a sensor arrangement for measuring multi-axis movement of the pivot member, the motion measurement arrangement further comprising a socket, the pivot member having a ball portion engaged with the socket in a ball-and-socket arrangement, the sensor arrangement including a sensor spaced from the pivot member and configured for contactless movement measurement of the pivot member, the sensor being a multi-axis Hall effect sensor, the sensor arrangement further including a magnet, the sensor configured to measure movement of the magnet relative to the sensor; a flexible tether having a free end coupled to a hittable object and a proximal end coupled to the pivot member, The motion measurement arrangement is configured to measure movement of the pivoting member as a user strikes the strikeable object and calculate an estimate of one or more parameters of the motion of the strikeable object.

2. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the motion measurement arrangement is configured to measure movement of the pivoting member as it advances in an overhead trajectory relative to the housing to calculate an estimate of motion of the strikeable object.

3. 3. The device of claim 1, wherein the pivoting member is disposed in an upper portion of the housing.

4. 4. The device of claim 1, wherein the ball portion is generally spherical.

5. 5. An apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the sensor is fixed relative to the housing and the magnet is arranged for movement with the pivot member relative to the housing.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the magnet is fixed to a surface of the pivoting member.

7. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the magnet is fixed to a base of the pivoting member and the sensor is fixed to a PCB fixed within the housing and located below the pivoting member.

8. 8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the housing includes a dish-shaped barrier positioned between the pivot member and the PCB.

9. 9. The device of claim 1, wherein the pivot member includes an arm extending from the ball portion and projecting outside the housing, the proximal end of the tether being coupled to the arm.

10. The device of claim 9 , wherein the arm extends through an opening in the housing, and the ball-and-socket arrangement allows free movement of the arm within the opening.

11. The device of claim 10 , wherein the opening is flared and the arm is allowed to move freely within a conical section defined by the opening.

12. 12. The device of claim 11, wherein the conical section defined by the flared opening has an angle of approximately 40 degrees relative to a central axis of the housing.

13. 13. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the socket comprises a two-part bearing, each bearing part including a concave bearing surface for contacting the ball portion of the pivot member.

14. 14. The device of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the hittable object comprises a ball or a shuttlecock.

15. 15. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 14, further comprising an upright support member, the housing being attached to an upper portion of the support member.

16. 16. The device of claim 15, wherein the support member has an adjustable length.

17. 17. The apparatus of claim 15 or 16, further comprising a base to which a lower portion of the support member is fixed.

18. 18. The device of claim 17, wherein the base includes a helical spring, the lower portion of the support member being received within the spring to restrain movement of the support member during use.

19. 19. Apparatus according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the base comprises a container which can be filled with ballast material.

20. 20. The device of any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the base includes a storage recess for the housing.

21. 21. The device of any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the housing further includes a battery compartment.

22. 22. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 21, comprising a tether length adjustment device.

23. 23. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 22, further comprising an electronic processing device configured to receive signals indicative of movement of the pivoting member from the sensor arrangement and process the signals to determine one or more object parameters of a motion of the strikeable object.

24. The apparatus of claim 23 , wherein the processing device is configured to determine one or more game parameters.

25. 25. The apparatus of claim 23 or 24, further comprising a display screen, the processing device being configured to display the one or more determined object or game parameters on the display screen.

26. 26. The device of claim 25, wherein the display screen is disposed on the housing.

27. 27. The apparatus of any one of claims 23 to 26, wherein the electronic processing device is configured for wireless connection with a user client device and for the determined parameters to be displayed on the user client device.

28. 28. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the multi-axis Hall effect sensor is a tri-axis Hall effect sensor.

29. 29. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 28, wherein the processing device is configured to record position data of the pivoting member multiple times per second.

30. 30. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 29, wherein the gaming device is a tetherball device.

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