Field environment control controller and field environment control system

Abstract

The present invention provides a field environment control technology that acquires and analyzes environmental information such as temperature, humidity, and illuminance in a field (agricultural land) and automatically controls appropriate devices according to the environment, in particular a field environment control controller that enables agricultural support work such as frost prevention, pest control, and irrigation to be performed automatically or by remote control, and a field environment control system that includes the controller. [Solution] Sensors 2 installed in a field F acquire environmental information such as air temperature and leaf temperature, and a field environment control controller 1 automatically controls one or more of a sprinkler or air blower 3 and an irrigation device 4 based on this information. In addition, LoRa communication 5 is used to send and receive information to and from a terminal device 7 in a facility H outside the field, making remote monitoring and control possible. This allows processes such as frost prevention, pest control, and irrigation to be performed at the appropriate time, thereby saving labor and stabilizing quality.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a field environment control technology that acquires and analyzes environmental information such as temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and illuminance in a field (agricultural land) and automatically controls appropriate devices according to the environment. In particular, the present invention relates to a field environment control controller and a field environment control system including the controller that enable agricultural support work such as frost prevention, pest control, and irrigation to be performed automatically or remotely. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, control devices using temperature sensors, solenoid valves, etc. have been known as devices that provide crops with appropriate moisture and temperature conditions based on environmental information within a field (for example, Patent Document 1). A system that allows users to view the status of a field from a remote mobile device has also been proposed (Patent Document 2). However, conventional technologies are limited to simply grasping the status, and the control program structure for automatically operating the field environment adjustment device is often unclear. Furthermore, flexible control technology for determining preventive measures against frost damage and disease based on weather conditions is insufficient, limiting on-site labor reduction and crop protection. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2022-20637 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2022-175665 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a field environment control controller and control system that automatically and flexibly controls adjustment devices within a field according to the state of the field environment and also enables external operation, thereby simultaneously improving the efficiency of agricultural work and protecting crops. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention employs the following configuration: A farm field environment controller of the present invention comprises a control program that determines the state of the farm field based on environmental information acquired by a group of sensors installed in the farm field and automatically controls a farm field environment adjustment device installed in the farm field based on the determination, transmits and receives the environmental information or information related to the farm field state to and from a device outside the field via wireless communication, and is further characterized in that it is capable of controlling the farm field environment adjustment device based on an instruction signal from the device outside the field.

[0006] The sensor group may include a temperature sensor that monitors the surface temperature of the field or the leaf temperature of the crop. The field environment adjustment device may be at least one of a sprinkler device, a blower device, and an irrigation device.

[0007] The control program may include at least one of a frost prevention control program, a pest control program, and a watering control program. The plant leaf temperature T is measured periodically using a temperature sensor installed in the field that observes the plant leaf temperature, and if the acquired leaf temperature T is determined to be T<-0.3°C, watering control for frost prevention is initiated, and depending on the pre-set mode, either an intermittent watering mode, in which watering is alternately repeated for a predetermined period of time and then stopped for a predetermined period of time, or a continuous watering mode, in which watering is performed continuously, is executed. In either the intermittent watering mode or the continuous watering mode, the watering is stopped when it is determined that the leaf temperature T has recovered to T≧-0.3°C. Furthermore, if the leaf temperature T is T<-0.3°C, the plant leaf temperature continues to be acquired and monitored, and if recovery is not observed, the watering mode continues.

[0008] In addition, the frost prevention control program may be configured to control the sprinkler device to start sprinkling in advance if it is predicted that the temperature will drop within a specified time before the leaf temperature reaches -0.3°C, based on the changing trends of the outside air temperature and leaf temperature.

[0009] Furthermore, the pest control program may be configured to determine that there is a high risk of pest infestation and to activate a pest control device to sprinkle water when the temperature is determined to be, for example, 20°C or higher, the humidity is determined to be 60% or higher, and the illuminance is 5 klux or higher based on information on temperature, humidity, and illuminance acquired by a group of sensors installed in the field.Also, the program may be configured to determine that the field is in a humid state and to activate a blower to dry the leaf surfaces and suppress the occurrence of disease when the temperature is determined to be below 20°C, the humidity is determined to be 80% or higher, and the illuminance is less than 5 klux for a predetermined period of time.

[0010] Furthermore, the irrigation control program can be configured to calculate the minimum amount of irrigation required based on information from a soil moisture sensor or an air temperature sensor, and to operate the irrigation device for a specified period of time or to control the irrigation device based on an instruction signal from a device outside the field, thereby preventing excessive waterlogging.

[0011] Furthermore, in a field environment control system including the field environment control controller and a receiving system installed outside the field, the controller is equipped with a program capable of controlling multiple field environment adjustment devices, and the receiving system is configured to receive and display information regarding the field condition and to display a pseudo switch for sending control signals via an application, and to be able to send control signals to the controller remotely. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to the present invention, the following remarkable effects can be achieved. The system can automatically determine the condition of a field based on environmental information obtained from sensors installed within the field and appropriately control the field environment adjustment equipment, significantly reducing the judgment and on-site operation required by experienced farmers in the past.

[0013] In addition, the wireless communication function allows the transmission and reception of status information between devices outside the field and devices inside the field, making it possible to grasp the status of the field even from a distance and perform remote control as needed.

[0014] Furthermore, the field environment control controller of the present invention can appropriately combine and control multiple types of environmental adjustment devices, such as sprinkler devices, ventilation devices, irrigation devices, and pest control devices, thereby enabling flexible environmental adjustment according to crop and regional characteristics.

[0015] In addition, the frost prevention control program can automatically water the plants when the leaf temperature falls below -0.3°C or when a low temperature is predicted, thereby preventing crop damage caused by frost.

[0016] In addition, the risk of pests and diseases can be determined based on temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and light conditions, and pest control devices can be activated, enabling stable quality control without missing the timing for pest control.

[0017] In addition, by configuring the system to operate the blower when high humidity and low light conditions are detected for an extended period of time, it is possible to promote drying of the leaf surface and prevent the occurrence of diseases such as mold.

[0018] In addition, the amount of irrigation water is calculated based on actual data such as soil moisture and temperature, and the minimum amount of irrigation required is carried out, or the irrigation device can be controlled based on instruction signals from a device outside the field, making it possible to provide an optimal moisture environment for crops while reducing the wasteful consumption of water resources.

[0019] In addition, while multiple field environment adjustment devices can be centrally controlled, they can also be individually controlled from an external system, enabling efficient and flexible agricultural environment management.

[0020] In addition, the application installed in the external receiving system allows for intuitive understanding of the condition of the field, and enables simple remote control using a pseudo switch, reducing the operational burden on farmers.

[0021] Due to these effects, the present invention can provide a highly practical and innovative field environment control system, particularly in the agricultural field, where labor savings, high precision, and high efficiency are required. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0022] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram showing the entire farm field environment control system. FIG. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a field environment controller. [Figure 3] 4 is a flowchart showing an example of a frost prevention control program stored in the field environment controller. [Figure 4]10 is a flowchart showing another example of the frost prevention control program stored in the field environment controller. [Figure 5] 1 is a flowchart showing an example of a pest control program stored in a farm field environment controller. [Figure 6] 10 is a flowchart showing another example of a pest control program stored in the field environment controller. [Figure 7] 4 is a flowchart showing an example of an irrigation control program stored in a farm field environment controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] Example 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of a farm field environment control system of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a farm field environment control controller installed in farm field F, which collects various sensor information, determines the status, controls adjustment devices, and has external communication functions. Reference numeral 2 denotes sensors that make up the sensor group, and is capable of measuring the ground surface temperature of farm field F or the leaf temperature of crops. Reference numeral 3 denotes a farm field environment adjustment device, specifically including a watering device such as a sprinkler and an air blower such as a fan. Reference numeral 4 also denotes a type of farm field environment adjustment device, such as an irrigation device such as a tube-type irrigator.

[0024] Reference numeral 5 denotes an outside-field wireless communication unit, specifically a LoRa (Long Range) transceiver. This wireless communication unit 5 performs direct device-to-device communication (Peer-to-Peer communication: P2P) with a LoRa transceiver installed in a facility outside the field (e.g., Facility H). An external LoRa module is connected via USB or Bluetooth to a terminal device 7 held by an operator 6, and this terminal device 7 can be used to perform LoRa communication with a field environment controller in the field.

[0025] The LoRa transceiver installed in the field communicates wirelessly with a LoRa gateway installed in a facility outside the field, and the gateway may be connected to a tablet device carried by the operator via a Wi-Fi router or the like. The operator can view the field information displayed on the device and perform remote control operations as needed. The terminal device 7 not only displays field environment information (air temperature, humidity, leaf temperature, etc.), but also the operating status of the field environment adjustment device 3 or 4. A pseudo switch (GUI operation panel) is also displayed, and by operating this, remote control commands can be sent to the field environment controller 1.

[0026] Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the aforementioned farm field environment controller 1. In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a control unit which stores a frost prevention control program, a pest control program, an irrigation control program, etc., and is equipped with a central processing unit (CPU, etc.) which controls the farm field environment adjustment device 3 or 4 based on environmental information in the farm field acquired from external sensors 2.

[0027] Reference numeral 12 denotes an in-field control signal transmitting / receiving unit that transmits and receives control signals between the sensors 2 and the farm field environment adjustment device 3 or 4. This in-field control signal transmitting / receiving unit 12 is capable of communicating with each device via wired or short-range wireless communication. Reference numeral 13 denotes an out-field wireless communication unit that transmits and receives control signals and environmental information via wireless communication between the control unit 11 and a terminal device 7 installed outside the farm field, and can be configured to support multiple communication methods including the LoRa (Long Range) communication method, for example, LPWA (Low Power Wide Area) communication standards such as ZETA (Zero Energy long-distance Advanced wireless Technology) and NB-IoT (mobile network use).

[0028] As shown in Figure 3, an anti-frost control program installed in the field environment controller 1 executes intermittent watering control to prevent damaging freezing of the crop leaf surfaces. The control procedure is as follows: First, the temperature sensor 2 installed in the field periodically measures the leaf surface temperature (leaf temperature) of the crop (Step 11). Next, it is determined whether the obtained leaf temperature is below -0.3°C (Step 12).

[0029] Next, if the leaf temperature is determined to be below -0.3°C, watering control for frost prevention is initiated (Step 13). At this time, either "intermittent watering mode" or "continuous watering mode" is selected depending on the preset mode. If intermittent watering mode is selected as a result of the mode determination, the process proceeds to Step 14, where control is performed to alternate between watering for a predetermined period and stopping for a predetermined period, for example, watering for 100 seconds and stopping for 100 seconds. On the other hand, if continuous watering mode is selected, the process proceeds to Step 15, where watering continues without interruption. In either mode, the process monitors whether the leaf temperature has recovered to -0.3°C or above (Step 16), and stops watering when it is determined that the temperature exceeds a predetermined threshold (Step 17). Note that in the above example, the watering and stopping times are each 100 seconds, but other operation times, including continuous operation, can be used.

[0030] If the leaf temperature has not fallen below -0.3°C (NO in Step 12), the process of acquiring and monitoring the leaf temperature continues. Alternatively, if no recovery is observed (NO in Step 16), the watering mode continues. In this way, automatic watering control according to environmental conditions is achieved, enabling highly energy-efficient control to prevent frost damage to crops. The number of seconds for intermittent watering and the temperature threshold can be changed as needed, allowing for optimal control according to the type of crop and weather conditions. Example 2

[0031] In this embodiment, based on the flowchart of Figure 4, we will explain the process in which the frost prevention control program provided in the field environment control controller 1 detects signs that the leaf surface temperature of the crop will reach the freezing threshold of -0.3°C and activates the water sprinkler system in advance.

[0032] First, the outside air temperature and crop leaf temperature are acquired by sensors 2 installed in the field (Step 21). These temperature data are accumulated in chronological order, and the change trend (rate and gradient of temperature drop, etc.) is predicted through computational processing (Step 22). If it is predicted that the leaf temperature will reach -0.3°C in the near future based on this temperature change trend, it is determined that there is a sign of this (Step 23: YES), and the sprinkler system 3 is activated in advance (Step 24).

[0033] While the watering device is operating, the leaf temperature continues to be monitored, and a determination is made as to whether the leaf temperature has reached -0.3°C or higher (Step 25). If it is determined that the leaf temperature has recovered to -0.3°C or higher, watering is stopped (Step 26). On the other hand, if it is determined that there are no signs of frost (Step 23: NO), the process returns to repeating the process of acquiring data from the sensor and calculating trends. This process allows preventative watering before the risk of freezing increases, preventing frost damage before it occurs and achieving a fast, energy-efficient response to crop protection.

[0034] In this example, to understand the changing trends of the outside air temperature and leaf temperature, the temperature change rate (temperature gradient) for the past few minutes is calculated using temperature data acquired at regular intervals, and the possibility that the leaf temperature will fall below the freezing threshold (-0.3°C) in the near future is predicted. Specifically, the temperature change rate ΔT / Δt is calculated using the following formula: where Tn is the leaf temperature at the current time, Tn-Tn-k is the leaf temperature (°C) k minutes ago, and tn-tn-k is the time difference (minutes).

[0035]

number

[0036] For example, the above formula monitors leaf temperature every 0.1 seconds over the past five minutes, and if the rate of decrease in leaf temperature is -0.2°C / minute or less, it determines that the leaf temperature is predicted to reach -0.3°C within the next few minutes. If this determination condition is met, the frost prevention control program will activate the water sprinkler in advance to prevent frost damage (see Step 24 in Figure 4). Example 3

[0037] In this embodiment, based on the flowchart of Figure 5, we will explain the process in which the field environment control controller 1 determines the risk of pest infestation in the field based on information obtained from the sensor group and automatically starts and stops pest control devices (sprinkler devices for spraying chemicals). First, environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, and illuminance are acquired by sensors 2 installed in the field (Step 31). Of course, the pest control device may also spray only water that does not contain chemicals.

[0038] Next, the following condition determinations are performed in order. Whether the temperature is equal to or higher than a first threshold (e.g., 20°C) (Step 32) Whether the humidity is equal to or greater than a second threshold (e.g., 60%) (Step 34) Whether the illuminance is equal to or greater than a third threshold (e.g., 5 klux) (Step 33) If all of these conditions are met, it is determined that there is a high risk of pests occurring in the field, and watering treatment using the pest control device is initiated (Step 35).

[0039] Next, during the watering treatment, the environmental conditions are continuously monitored, and if, for example, any of the following operation stop conditions is met, the operation of the pest control device is automatically stopped (Step 36 → Step 37). "Operation stop conditions" When the temperature drops below 20°C When humidity drops below 60% When the illuminance drops below 5klux When the preset maximum operating time (for example, 5 minutes) is exceeded When a stop command is sent from a device outside the field (optional remote control)

[0040] As described above, the embodiment of the present invention enables conditional automatic watering control according to the actual environment in the field, enabling efficient implementation of preventive measures against pests. In particular, risk assessment based on sensor values ​​can optimize the amount of chemicals and water used, contributing to reducing overspray and workload. The above conditions are merely examples, and other conditions may be used depending on the situation. Example 4

[0041] In this example, we will explain the process of activating the air blower to promote drying of the leaf surfaces when the environment in the field is determined to be wet for a certain period of time, based on the flowchart in Figure 6. First, data on temperature, humidity, and illuminance are acquired periodically by sensors 2 installed in the field (Step 41).

[0042] Next, determine whether all three of the following conditions are met: (Step 42) The temperature is less than a first lower limit (e.g., 20°C) (Step 43). The humidity is equal to or greater than a first upper limit (e.g., 80%) (Step 44). The illuminance is less than a second lower limit (e.g., 5 klux) (Step 45). If all three conditions are met, it is determined that a wet state has occurred, and it is monitored whether this state continues for a certain period of time (Step 46).

[0043] If it is determined that the above three conditions are met continuously for a preset duration (e.g., 10 minutes), the field environment controller 1 issues a command to operate the air blower (Step 47). This air blowing process removes moisture from the leaf surfaces of the crops and the field environment, reducing the risk of disease.

[0044] Even while the air blowing process is continuing, environmental information is continuously monitored by a sensor, and if, for example, any of the following conditions for stopping operation is met, the operation of the air blower is automatically stopped (Step 48 → Step 49). "Operation stop conditions" When the air temperature or leaf surface temperature exceeds 20°C When the humidity falls below 70% When the illuminance is 7klux or more When the preset maximum operating time (e.g. 10 minutes) is exceeded When a stop command is received from outside the field (optional operation)

[0045] In this way, according to this embodiment, it is possible to automatically and accurately perform ventilation treatment against excessively wet conditions caused by weather conditions, which contributes to reducing the risk of crop disease and optimizing the amount of pesticide used. Note that the above conditions are merely examples, and other conditions may of course be used depending on the situation. Example 5

[0046] This embodiment shows a process for controlling irrigation to the minimum extent necessary based on data obtained from air temperature sensors and soil moisture sensors installed in the field, in accordance with the flowchart of FIG. First, the farm field environment controller 1 acquires farm field environment data from the air temperature sensor and the soil moisture sensor (Step 51).

[0047] Next, based on the acquired data, it is determined whether any of the following conditions is met (Step 52). a) The temperature is above a predetermined value. a) The soil moisture is below a predetermined value. If it is determined that any of these conditions is met, it is determined that irrigation is necessary, and the operation of the irrigation device is started (Step 53).

[0048] During operation of the irrigation device, operation continues until the amount of irrigation water or the amount of irrigation time reaches a preset amount or time (Step 54). This "set amount" and "set time" are based on standards set in advance according to the type of crop and soil conditions. When it is determined that the irrigation amount has reached the standard or the set time has elapsed, the operation of the irrigation device is stopped (Step 55). The irrigation device can also be controlled based on command signals from a device outside the field. This prevents the field from becoming overly watered, thereby avoiding adverse effects on crops and wasting water resources.

[0049] This irrigation control program automatically carries out the minimum amount of irrigation necessary based on the actual temperature and soil moisture in the field, allowing for flexible response to changes in weather conditions and enabling labor-saving and highly accurate water management in agriculture. [Industrial Applicability]

[0050] The field environment control controller and the field environment control system including the same according to the present invention are capable of automatically or remotely appropriately controlling a plurality of field environment adjustment devices such as sprinklers, ventilation devices, irrigation devices, and pest control devices based on various environmental information within the field (air temperature, humidity, leaf temperature, illuminance, soil moisture, etc.) acquired by a group of sensors.

[0051] Such a system will reduce the labor required for field management tasks such as frost prevention, pest control, and irrigation, and will enable optimal control according to weather and soil conditions. In particular, the use of low-power wide-area networks (LPWA) such as LoRa communications will enable remote monitoring and control while maintaining high communication stability, even in mountainous areas or areas with limited communications infrastructure, contributing to the realization of smart agriculture.

[0052] In addition, by incorporating a predictive control algorithm that responds to trends in changes in temperature, humidity, light intensity, etc., it is possible to detect conditions that increase the risk of pest outbreaks in advance and take appropriate measures, which also contributes to reducing the amount of pesticides used and ensuring healthy crop growth.

[0053] Therefore, the present invention can be widely applied to the agricultural field, targeting a variety of crops such as tea, fruit trees, and vegetables, and is an extremely useful technology for promoting environmentally friendly agriculture and addressing labor shortages. [Explanation of symbols]

[0054] 1. Field environment controller 11 Control section 12 In-field control signal transmitter / receiver 13. Outside Field Radio Communication Department 2. Sensors 3. Sprinkler or ventilation equipment 4. Irrigation equipment 5 LoRa Transmitter / Receiver 6 Operator 7 Terminal Equipment F field H. Facilities outside the farm

Claims

1. A control program is provided which determines the state of a field based on environmental information acquired by a group of sensors installed within the field, and automatically controls a field environment adjustment device installed within the field based on the determination, and is also capable of transmitting and receiving the environmental information or information regarding the state of the field to and from a device outside the field via wireless communication, and controlling the field environment adjustment device based on an instruction signal from the device outside the field, and further comprising an anti-frost control program; The frost prevention control program is configured to periodically measure the leaf temperature T of the crop using a temperature sensor installed in the field that observes the leaf temperature of the crop, and if it is determined that the acquired leaf temperature T is T<-0.3°C, activate watering control for frost prevention, and execute either an intermittent watering mode in which watering is alternately repeated for a predetermined period of time and then stopped for a predetermined period of time, or a continuous watering mode in which watering is performed continuously, depending on the preset mode, and to stop the watering in either the intermittent watering mode or the continuous watering mode when it is determined that the leaf temperature T has recovered to T≧-0.3°C, and is further configured to continue acquiring and monitoring the leaf temperature if the leaf temperature T is T<-0.3°C, and to continue the watering mode if recovery is not observed.

2. A method for determining the state of a farm field based on environmental information acquired by a group of sensors installed in the farm field. and a control program for automatically controlling a farm field environment adjusting device installed in the farm field based on the judgment; The environmental information or the information on the state of the field is transmitted and received to and from a device outside the field via wireless communication. and controlling the farm field environment adjustment device based on an instruction signal from a device outside the farm field, the group of sensors including a temperature sensor that observes the surface temperature of the farm field or the leaf temperature of the crop, the farm field environment adjustment device includes at least one of a sprinkler device, a blower device, and an irrigation device, and the control program includes at least one of a frost prevention control program, a pest control program, and an irrigation control program; The antifrost control program Based on the trends in the outside air temperature and leaf temperature acquired from the group of sensors installed in the field, The field environment controller is configured to control the watering device to start watering in advance when it is predicted that the temperature will drop within a predetermined time before the leaf temperature reaches -0.3°C.

3. A method for determining the state of a farm field based on environmental information acquired by a group of sensors installed in the farm field. a control program for automatically controlling a farm field environment adjusting device installed in the farm field based on the judgment, and transmitting and receiving the environmental information or information on the state of the farm field to and from a device outside the farm field via wireless communication; The farm field environment adjusting device can be controlled based on an instruction signal from a device outside the farm field. the sensor group includes a temperature sensor that observes the surface temperature of the field or the leaf temperature of the crop, and the field environment adjustment device includes at least one of a sprinkler device, a blower device, and an irrigation device; The control programs include a frost prevention control program, a pest control program, and a watering control program. at least one of the following: The pest control program is configured to use the air quality information acquired by the group of sensors installed in the field. A field environment control controller characterized in that, when it is determined based on temperature, humidity, and illuminance information that the outside air temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined first threshold, the humidity is equal to or higher than a similarly set second threshold, and the illuminance is equal to or higher than a set third threshold, it determines that there is a high risk of pest infestation and activates a pest control device as the field environment adjustment device to perform watering.

4. A method for determining the state of a farm field based on environmental information acquired by a group of sensors installed in the farm field. and a control program for automatically controlling a farm field environment adjusting device installed in the farm field based on the judgment; The environmental information or the information on the state of the field is transmitted and received to and from a device outside the field via wireless communication. and controlling the farm field environment adjusting device based on an instruction signal from a device outside the farm field, the sensor group includes a temperature sensor that observes the surface temperature of the field or the leaf temperature of the crop, The farm field environment adjustment device includes at least one of a sprinkler device, a blower device, and an irrigation device. Including, The control programs include a frost prevention control program, a pest control program, and a watering control program. at least one of the following: the pest control program determines that a wet state continues in the field when a state in which the outside air temperature is less than a predetermined first lower limit, the humidity is equal to or greater than a predetermined first upper limit, and the illuminance is less than a predetermined second lower limit continues for a predetermined period of time; The air blower as the field environment adjusting device is operated to promote drying of the leaf surface and prevent the occurrence of disease. A field environment control controller configured to prevent the growth of mosquitoes.

5. A field environment control system comprising a field environment control controller according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and a receiving system installed outside the field, wherein the field environment control controller is equipped with a program capable of controlling a plurality of field environment adjustment devices, and the receiving system receives information relating to the field condition transmitted from the field environment control controller and displays the field condition, and is capable of displaying a pseudo switch for transmitting a control signal to the field environment control controller using an application stored in the receiving system, and is capable of transmitting the control signal to the field environment control controller.

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