Network analysis method, functional entity and storage medium

Abstract

An embodiment of the present application provides a network analysis method, a network function, and a storage medium, the method including: a first network function obtaining target network analysis information including at least one of analysis information of a first network and analysis information of a second network, where the first network is an HPLMN and the second network is a VPLMN, or the first network is a VPLMN and the second network is an HPLMN; and the first network function performing management of PDU sessions in a roaming scenario based on the target network analysis information.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] (CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS) This application claims priority from Chinese Patent Application No. 202210160337.3, filed in China on February 22, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. The present application relates to the technical field of communications, in particular to a network analysis method, Functional Entities and storage media. [Background technology]

[0002] In a roaming scenario, a terminal can register with a Visited Public Land Mobile Network (VPLMN). Currently, the management of Protocol Data Unit (PDU) sessions in a roaming scenario is based solely on the terminal's subscription data, resulting in relatively poor PDU session transmission performance. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a network analysis method for solving the problem of relatively poor transmission performance of PDU sessions due to management based only on terminal contract data; Functional Entities and providing a storage medium. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] An embodiment of the present application is a network analysis method, comprising: The target network analysis information includes at least one of analysis information of a first network and analysis information of a second network, and the first network is a Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN) and the second network is a VPLMN, or the first network is a VPLMN and the second network is an HPLMN. Functional Entities and The first Functional Entities and performing protocol data unit (PDU) session management in a roaming scenario based on the target network analysis information.

[0005] Optionally, performing management of the PDU session in the above-mentioned roaming scenario includes: establishing a locally routed PDU session; establishing a home routed PDU session; Selecting a session management function within the HPLMN for home-routed PDU sessions; selecting a network slice for a home-routed PDU session; determining that home routing is adopted for at least one data flow within a PDU session and that local routing is adopted for other data flows within the PDU session; determining that local routing is adopted for at least one data flow within a PDU session and that home routing is adopted for other data flows within the PDU session; setting a packet detection rule or a packet forwarding rule associated with the PDU session; Routing selection policy associated with the PDU session Update and updating.

[0006] Optionally, if the analysis information of the second network satisfies a predetermined local routing condition, and / or if the analysis information of the first network satisfies a predetermined local routing condition, establishing a locally routed PDU session; and / or If the analysis information of the second network satisfies a first predetermined home routing condition and / or if the analysis information of the first network satisfies a second predetermined home routing condition, a home-routed PDU session is established.

[0007] Optionally, the method further comprises: Home-routed PDU sessions Confirm In the case of establishing the first Functional Entities further includes selecting a network slice instance of the HPLMN and a session management function within the network slice instance according to the analysis information of the first network.

[0008] Optionally, determining that home routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and that local routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session includes: If the analysis information of the first network satisfies a third predetermined home routing condition and / or the analysis information of the second network satisfies a fourth predetermined home routing condition, determining that home routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and local routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session; or Or, Determining that local routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and home routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session includes: If the analysis information of the second network satisfies a first predetermined local routing condition, determining that local routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and home routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session.

[0009] Optionally, the analysis information of the first network includes analysis information of a first network slice in the first network; The analysis information of the second network includes analysis information of a second network slice in the second network; There is a mapping relationship between the first network slice and the second network slice.

[0010] Optionally, the management of the PDU session in the roaming scenario comprises: Updated network slice selection information and Network slice selection information the PDU session includes information about the first network slice and / or information about the second network slice, and is configured to transmit data of a third application through a PDU session in the first network slice and / or the second network slice. Finger This is to show.

[0011] Optionally, performing management of the PDU session in the above-mentioned roaming scenario includes: According to the analysis information of the second network slice, is the If it is determined that the data transmission requirements of an application are not met , th Determine a routing selection policy, the first routing selection policy being for instructing data of the first application to be transmitted through a PDU session in a third network slice in the second network, the third network slice meeting the data transmission requirements of the first application; or According to the analysis information of the first network slice, is the 2. If it is determined that the data transmission requirements of the application are not met. , th determining a second routing selection policy, the second routing selection policy being for instructing data of the second application to be transmitted via a PDU session in a fourth network slice in the second network, wherein the fourth network slice and a network slice in the first network mapped to the fourth network slice meet the data transmission requirements of the second application, including at least one of:

[0012] Optionally, the analytical information includes: At least one of performance analysis information, service experience analysis information, load analysis information, congestion analysis information, resource analysis information, and status analysis information is included.

[0013] Optionally, the target network analysis information as described above may be used as a first Functional Entities What you get is The first Functional Entities The second Functional Entities or obtaining the target network analysis information from the first Functional Entities is the third Functional Entities Through the second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from The second Functional Entities is a first network data analysis function, a first network data collection function, or a first network data storage function; The first Functional Entities belongs to the first network, and the second Functional Entities belongs to the second network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of the second network; or Functional Entities belongs to the second network, and the second Functional Entitiesbelongs to the first network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of the first network.

[0014] Optionally, the first Functional Entities is the third Functional Entities through the second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from The first Functional Entities The third Functional Entities a first request carrying information about the first network and information about the second network; Functional Entities from the second request in response to the first request Functional Entities a second request carrying information about the second network is sent to request analysis information about the second network; Functional Entities According to the second Functional Entities receiving a first response transmitted in response to the second request from the The first Functional Entities However, the third Functional Entities and receiving a second response sent from the target network in response to the first response, the second response carrying the target network analysis information.

[0015] Optionally, the information about the first network includes information about a first network slice in the first network, and the information about the second network includes information about a second network slice in the second network.

[0016] Optionally, the first Functional Entities teeth, It includes one of an access and mobility management function, a session management function, and a policy control function.

[0017] The present embodiment is Functional Entities or third Functional Entities 1. A network analysis method performed by: Obtaining target network analysis information including at least one of analysis information of a first network and analysis information of a second network, wherein the first network is a Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN) and the second network is a VPLMN, or the first network is a VPLMN and the second network is a HPLMN; The first method comprises: managing a protocol data unit (PDU) session in a roaming scenario; Functional Entities Target network analysis information for execution Functional Entities and transmitting the information to the network analyzer.

[0018] Optionally, the analysis information of the first network includes analysis information of a first network slice in the first network; The analysis information of the second network includes analysis information of a second network slice in the second network; There is a mapping relationship between the first network slice and the second network slice.

[0019] Optionally, the analytical information includes: At least one of performance analysis information, service experience analysis information, load analysis information, congestion analysis information, resource analysis information, and status analysis information is included.

[0020] Optionally, obtaining the target network analysis information includes: The second Functional Entities obtains the target network analysis information, or Functional Entities The second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from The second Functional Entities is a first network data analysis function, a first network data collection function, or a first network data storage function; The first Functional Entitiesbelongs to the first network, and the second Functional Entities belongs to the second network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of the second network; or Functional Entities belongs to the second network, and the second Functional Entities belongs to the first network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of the first network.

[0021] Optionally, the third Functional Entities The second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from The third Functional Entities However, the first Functional Entities receiving a first request transmitted from the first network, the first request carrying information of the first network and information of the second network; The third Functional Entities In response to the first request, Functional Entities sending a second request carrying information about the second network, the second request being for requesting analytical information about the second network; The third Functional Entities However, the second Functional Entities and receiving a first response transmitted in response to the second request from the second network, the first response including analysis information of the second network.

[0022] Optionally, the information about the first network includes information about a first network slice in the first network, and the information about the second network includes information about a second network slice in the second network.

[0023] The present embodiment is Functional Entities and includes a memory, a transceiver, and a processor. Functional Entities And, The memory is for storing a computer program, and the transceiver is for transmitting and receiving data under the control of the processor, and the processor reads the computer program in the memory and performs the following: acquiring target network analysis information including at least one of analysis information of a first network and analysis information of a second network, wherein the first network is a Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN) and the second network is a Visited Public Land Mobile Network (VPLMN), or the first network is a VPLMN and the second network is a HPLMN; and performing an operation of performing protocol data unit (PDU) session management in a roaming scenario based on the target network analysis information. Functional Entities Further provided are:

[0024] Optionally, the operation for performing management of PDU sessions in the above-mentioned roaming scenario includes: establishing a locally routed PDU session; establishing a home routed PDU session; Selecting a session management function within the HPLMN for home-routed PDU sessions; determining that home routing is adopted for at least one data flow within a PDU session and that local routing is adopted for other data flows within the PDU session; determining that local routing is adopted for at least one data flow within a PDU session and that home routing is adopted for other data flows within the PDU session; setting a packet detection rule or a packet forwarding rule associated with the PDU session; Routing selection policy associated with the PDU session Update and updating.

[0025] Optionally, if the analysis information of the second network satisfies a predetermined local routing condition, and / or if the analysis information of the first network satisfies a predetermined local routing condition, establishing a locally routed PDU session; and / or If the analysis information of the second network satisfies a first predetermined home routing condition and / or if the analysis information of the first network satisfies a second predetermined home routing condition, a home-routed PDU session is established.

[0026] Optionally, the processor: Home-routed PDU sessions Confirm When the first network is established, it is also for selecting a network slice instance of the HPLMN and a session management function within the network slice instance according to the analysis information of the first network.

[0027] Optionally, determining that home routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and that local routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session includes: If the analysis information of the first network satisfies a third predetermined home routing condition and / or the analysis information of the second network satisfies a fourth predetermined home routing condition, determining that home routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and local routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session; or Or, Determining that local routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and home routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session includes: If the analysis information of the second network satisfies a first predetermined local routing condition, determining that local routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and home routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session.

[0028] Optionally, the analysis information of the first network includes analysis information of a first network slice in the first network; The analysis information of the second network includes analysis information of a second network slice in the second network; There is a mapping relationship between the first network slice and the second network slice.

[0029] Optionally, the operation for performing management of PDU sessions in the above-mentioned roaming scenario includes: According to the analysis information of the second network slice, is the If it is determined that the data transmission requirements of an application are not met , th Determine a routing selection policy, the first routing selection policy being for instructing data of the first application to be transmitted through a PDU session in a third network slice in the second network, the third network slice meeting the data transmission requirements of the first application; or According to the analysis information of the first network slice, is the 2. If it is determined that the data transmission requirements of the application are not met. , thdetermining a second routing selection policy, the second routing selection policy being for instructing data of the second application to be transmitted via a PDU session in a fourth network slice in the second network, wherein the fourth network slice and a network slice in the first network mapped to the fourth network slice meet the data transmission requirements of the second application, including at least one of:

[0030] Optionally, the operation of obtaining the target network analysis information mentioned above includes: second Functional Entities or obtain the target network analysis information from a third party. Functional Entities Through the second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from The second Functional Entities is a first network data analysis function, a first network data collection function, or a first network data storage function; The first Functional Entities belongs to the first network, and the second Functional Entities belongs to the second network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of the second network; or Functional Entities belongs to the second network, and the second Functional Entities belongs to the first network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of the first network.

[0031] The present embodiment is Functional Entities or third Functional entities and and includes a memory, a transceiver, and a processor. Functional Entities And, The memory is for storing a computer program, and the transceiver is for transmitting and receiving data under the control of the processor, and the processor reads the computer program in the memory and performs the following: obtaining target network analysis information including at least one of analysis information of a first network and analysis information of a second network, wherein the first network is a Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN) and the second network is a VPLMN, or the first network is a VPLMN and the second network is a HPLMN; The first method comprises: managing a protocol data unit (PDU) session in a roaming scenario; Functional Entities Target network analysis information for execution Functional Entities and performing an operation of sending Functional Entities Further provided are:

[0032] Optionally, the analysis information of the first network includes analysis information of a first network slice in the first network; The analysis information of the second network includes analysis information of a second network slice in the second network; There is a mapping relationship between the first network slice and the second network slice.

[0033] Optionally, the operation of obtaining the target network analysis information mentioned above includes: The second Functional Entities obtains the target network analysis information, or Functional Entities The second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from The second Functional Entities is a first network data analysis function, a first network data collection function, or a first network data storage function; The first Functional Entities belongs to the first network, and the second Functional Entities belongs to the second network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of the second network; or Functional Entities belongs to the second network, and the second Functional Entities belongs to the first network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of the first network.

[0034] Optionally, the third Functional Entities The second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from The third Functional Entities However, the first Functional Entities receiving a first request transmitted from the first network, the first request carrying information of the first network and information of the second network; The third Functional Entities In response to the first request, Functional Entities sending a second request carrying information about the second network, the second request being for requesting analytical information about the second network; The third Functional Entities However, the second Functional Entities and receiving a first response transmitted in response to the second request from the second network, the first response including analysis information of the second network.

[0035] The present embodiment is Functional Entities It is said Functional Entities And, an acquiring unit for acquiring target network analysis information, the target network analysis information including at least one of analysis information of a first network and analysis information of a second network, wherein the first network is a Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN) and the second network is a Visited Public Land Mobile Network (VPLMN), or the first network is a VPLMN and the second network is a HPLMN; an execution unit for performing protocol data unit (PDU) session management in a roaming scenario based on the target network analysis information; Functional Entities Further provided are:

[0036] The present embodiment is Functional Entities or third Functional Entities It is said Functional Entities And, an acquiring unit for acquiring target network analysis information, the target network analysis information including at least one of analysis information of a first network and analysis information of a second network, where the first network is a Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN) and the second network is a VPLMN, or the first network is a VPLMN and the second network is a HPLMN; The first method comprises: managing a protocol data unit (PDU) session in a roaming scenario; Functional Entities Target network analysis information for execution Functional Entities a transmitting unit for transmitting to Functional Entities Further provided are:

[0037] An embodiment of the present application is a processor-readable storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program comprising: a first processor according to an embodiment of the present application; Functional Entities The computer program is for causing the processor to execute a network analysis method according to the second embodiment of the present application. Functional Entities or third Functional Entities The present invention further provides a processor-readable storage medium for causing the processor to execute the network analysis method. [Effects of the Invention]

[0038] In the present embodiment, the first Functional Entities obtains target network analysis information, the target network analysis information including at least one of analysis information of a first network and analysis information of a second network, the first network being a HPLMN and the second network being a VPLMN, or the first network being a VPLMN and the second network being a HPLMN, and Functional Entitiesperforms PDU session management in a roaming scenario based on the target network analysis information. In this way, it is possible to perform PDU session management in a roaming scenario based on analysis information of at least one of the HPLMN and the VPLMN, so that the embodiment of the present application can improve PDU session transmission performance compared to management based only on the terminal's subscription data. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0039] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a network architecture applicable to the implementation of the present application. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of routing according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another routing according to an implementation of the present application. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a network analysis method according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a flowchart of another network analysis method according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a network analysis method according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another network analysis method according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another network analysis method according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another network analysis method according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of another network analysis method according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a structural diagram of a functional entity according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a structural diagram of another functional entity according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 13]FIG. 13 is a structural diagram of another functional entity according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a structural diagram of another functional entity according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0040] In order to make the problems to be solved, technical aspects and advantages of the present application clearer, detailed descriptions will be given below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] In the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" describes a relationship between related objects and indicates three possible relationships. For example, A and / or B can indicate three cases: only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists. The symbol " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between the related objects before and after it.

[0042] In the embodiments of this application, the term "plurality" refers to two or more, and similarly to other quantifiers.

[0043] Hereinafter, the technical aspects of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, but it should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without paying creative labor shall all be within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0044] The embodiments of the present application provide a network analysis method for solving the problem of relatively poor transmission performance of PDU sessions due to management based only on terminal contract data; Functional Entities and providing a storage medium.

[0045] Among them, the method and the apparatus are based on the same concept, and the principles of solving the problems are similar, so the implementations of the apparatus and the method can refer to each other, and the overlapping parts will not be described repeatedly.

[0046] Technical aspects according to embodiments of the present application may be applicable to various systems, particularly 6G systems. For example, applicable systems may include a Global System of Mobile communications (GSM) system, a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) system, a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, an LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) system, an LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) system, an Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) system, a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), a Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) system, a 5G New Radio (NR) system, a 6G system, etc. Each of these various systems may include terminal equipment and network equipment. The system may further include a core network portion, such as an evolved packet system (EPS), a 5G system (5GS), or the like.

[0047] Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a network architecture applicable to the implementation of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1, the network architecture includes a terminal, a VPLMN and a HPLMN.

[0048] The terminal in the present embodiment may be a device that provides a user with voice and / or data connection, a handheld device with wireless connection capability, or other processing equipment connected to a wireless modem. The term "terminal" may be different in different systems. For example, in a 5G system, the terminal may be referred to as "User Equipment (UE)." The wireless terminal may communicate with one or more core networks (CN) via a radio access network (RAN). The wireless terminal may be a mobile terminal, such as a mobile phone (also known as a "cellular" phone), or a computer with a mobile terminal, such as a portable, pocket-sized, handheld, computer-integrated, or vehicle-mounted mobile device, which exchanges voice and / or data with the radio access network. For example, the wireless terminal device may be a Personal Communication Service (PCS) phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiated Protocol (SIP) phone, a Wireless Local Loop (WLL) station, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a Redcap terminal, etc. The wireless terminal device may also be referred to as a system, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a mobile console, a remote station, an access point, a remote terminal, an access terminal, a user terminal, a user agent, or a user device, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0049] The VPLMN according to an embodiment of the present application may include a User Plane Function (UPF), a Session Management Function (SMF), an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), a Network Slice Admission Control Function (NSACF), a Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF), a Network Exposure Function (NEF), a Network Repository Function (NRF), a Policy Control Function (PCF), a Visited Security Edge Protection Proxy (vSEPP), and may further include a Network Data Analytic Function (NWDAF), a Data Collection Coordination Function (DCCF), a Data Collection Function (DCF), and an Analytics Data Repository Function (ADRF).

[0050] The HPLMN may include a Home Security Edge Protection Proxy (hSEPP), Unified Data Management (UDM), NRF, NEF, NSSF, NSACF, SMF, Authentication Server Function (AUSF), PCF, Application Function (AF), Network Slice-Specific Authentication and Authorization Function (NSSAAF), UPF, and may further include an NWDAF, DCCF, DCF, and ADRF.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present application, the NWDAF is based on an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm to function Through interactions with other entities, function It is possible to provide network data analysis services to entities. The main functions of NWDAF may include the following functions 1) to 3). 1) function Receives an analysis request from an entity (consumer NF) and executes analysis on the data source according to the analysis request. function Network data is collected from entities (data providers) as input data required for network analysis. 2) Perform network analysis using the collected data to obtain statistical and predictive information, i.e., analytical information, on the state or performance of the network or terminal. 3) Share analytical information with others function Provide to the entity.

[0052] In the embodiment of the present application, in a roaming scenario, the PDU session of the terminal may include two routing methods: Home Routed (HR) and Local Breakout (LBO).

[0053] In the case of home routing, data of the terminal's PDU session can be routed to the H-UPF (i.e., the HPLMN's UPF) via the V-UPF (i.e., the VPLMN's UPF) under the control of the V-SMF (i.e., the VPLMN's SMF) and the H-SMF (i.e., the HPLMN's SMF), and then routed to the data network (DN). That is, the terminal's PDU session needs to be established in the VPLMN's network slice and the HPLMN's network slice, of which the VPLMN's network slice may be identified by Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information (S-NSSAI) 1, and the HPLMN's network slice may be identified by S-NSSAI 2, as specifically shown in FIG. 2.

[0054] In the case of local routing, the data of the PDU session of the terminal may be routed to the data network via the V-UPF under the control of the V-SMF, as specifically shown in Figure 3.

[0055] In addition, in an embodiment of the present application, when a roaming terminal registers with a visited network (VPLMN), the VPLMN can select, for the terminal, network slice information of the VPLMN that the terminal is permitted to use and network slice information of the HPLMN to which the terminal is mapped, and both network slice information are represented by an Allowed NSSAI (Allowed Network Slice Selection Assistance Information) and a Mapping Of Allowed NSSAI (Mapped Network Slice Selection Assistance Information), respectively. Each of the Allowed NSSAI and the Mapping Of Allowed NSSAI includes one to multiple S-NSSAIs (Single NSSAIs), and each S-NSSAI is for identifying one specific network slice, such as a network slice for an enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) service, a network slice for an ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC) service, etc. The roaming terminal can then select the Allowed NSSAI and the S-NSSAIs in the Mapping Of Allowed NSSAI, for example, the VPLMN S-NSSAI1 and the mapped HPLMN S-NSSAI2, and request the network (VPLMN) to establish a PDU session.

[0056] In the embodiments of the present application, a network side and a terminal may perform multi-input multi-output (MIMO) transmission using one or more antennas, and the MIMO transmission may be single user MIMO (SU-MIMO) or multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO). Depending on the combination and number of multiple antennas, the MIMO transmission may be two-dimensional MIMO (2D-MIMO), three-dimensional MIMO (3D-MIMO), full-dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), or massive-MIMO, and may also be diversity transmission, pre-encoding transmission, beamforming transmission, etc.

[0057] Referring to FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a network analysis method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4, the network analysis method includes the following steps 401 to 402: Step 401 is to select target network analysis information including at least one of analysis information of a first network and analysis information of a second network, where the first network is a HPLMN and the second network is a VPLMN, or the first network is a VPLMN and the second network is a HPLMN. Functional Entities is to obtain Step 402 is the first Functional Entities Based on the target network analysis information, perform PDU session management in a roaming scenario.

[0058] Above No. 1 Functional Entities may belong to the first network or may belong to the second network.

[0059] Optionally, the first Functional Entities teeth, It includes one of an access and mobility management function, a session management function, and a policy control function.

[0060] As an example, Functional Entities visit Functional Entities It may be a Visited Network Function (V-NF), such as a V-AMF, a V-PCF, or an AMF. Functional Entities is home Functional Entities (Home Network Function, H-NF), for example, H-AMF, H-PCF or AMF.

[0061] Regarding the acquisition of the above target network analysis information, Functional Entities Second by Functional Entities The target network analysis information may be obtained through a second Functional Entities and the second network analysis information obtained by the analysis of the second network analysis information. Functional Entities Other acquired by Functional Entities For example, the first Functional Entities If it belongs to VPLMN, it can obtain target network analysis information through V-NWDA or V-DCCF. Functional Entities If belongs to HPLMN, it is possible to obtain target network analysis information via H-NWDA or H-DCCF.

[0062] In an embodiment of the present application, the analysis information of the first network may represent the network status of the first network, such as analysis information about congestion, load, performance, etc., and the analysis information of the second network may represent the network status of the second network, such as analysis information about congestion, load, performance, etc.

[0063] The first Functional EntitiesPerforming management of PDU sessions in a roaming scenario based on the target network analysis information may also include selectively performing management operations such as transmission, session establishment, routing, etc. on PDU sessions in a roaming scenario in at least one of the first network and the second network based on the target network analysis information.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present application, according to the above steps, Functional Entities Based on the target network analysis information, it is possible to perform PDU session management in a roaming scenario, thereby improving the transmission performance of PDU sessions compared to management based only on the terminal's subscription data. For example, when the visited network is congested, heavily loaded, or has low performance, data transmission is performed based on a home-routed PDU session in a roaming scenario, and when the home network is congested, heavily loaded, or has low performance, data transmission is performed based on a locally-routed PDU session in a roaming scenario.

[0065] In one alternative embodiment, performing the management of the PDU session in the above-mentioned roaming scenario comprises: establishing a locally routed PDU session; establishing a home routed PDU session; Selecting a session management function within the HPLMN for home-routed PDU sessions; determining that home routing is adopted for at least one data flow within a PDU session and that local routing is adopted for other data flows within the PDU session; determining that local routing is adopted for at least one data flow within a PDU session and that home routing is adopted for other data flows within the PDU session; setting a packet detection rule or a packet forwarding rule associated with the PDU session; Routing selection policy associated with the PDU session Update and updating.

[0066] The above-mentioned establishing a locally routed PDU session may be establishing a locally routed PDU session when the network condition of the VPLMN is relatively good, for example, establishing a locally routed PDU session when the load or percentage of already used resources of the VPLMN is lower than a set threshold, or establishing a locally routed PDU session when the network condition of the HPLMN is relatively bad.

[0067] Optionally, if the analysis information of the second network satisfies a predetermined local routing condition and / or if the analysis information of the first network satisfies a predetermined local routing condition, a locally routed PDU session is established. Among them, the predetermined local routing conditions corresponding to the analysis information of the second network and the predetermined local routing conditions corresponding to the analysis information of the first network may be the same or different. For example, the threshold value corresponding to the first network and the threshold value corresponding to the second network may be the same or different. The predetermined local routing conditions may be protocol defined or configured by the network side.

[0068] In this embodiment, if the local routing conditions are met, the establishment of a locally routed PDU session can be realized, and the transmission performance of the PDU session can be improved.

[0069] The above-mentioned establishing a home-routed PDU session may be establishing a home-routed PDU session when the network condition of the VPLMN is relatively bad, for example, when the load of the VPLMN or the percentage of already used resources is higher than a set threshold, establishing a home-routed PDU session, or when the network condition of the HPLMN is relatively good.

[0070] Optionally, if the analysis information of the second network satisfies a first predetermined home routing condition and / or if the analysis information of the first network satisfies a second predetermined home routing condition, a home-routed PDU session is established. Wherein, the first predetermined home routing condition and the second predetermined home routing condition may be the same or different. The first predefined home routing condition and the second predefined home routing condition may be protocol-defined or configured by the network side.

[0071] In this embodiment, if the home routing conditions are met, the establishment of a home-routed PDU session can be realized, and the transmission performance of the PDU session can be improved.

[0072] The selection of a session management function in the HPLMN for the home-routed PDU session may be to select a session management function (SMF) in the HPLMN for the home-routed PDU session according to at least one of the analysis information of the first network and the analysis information of the second network, for example, to select an SMF in the HPLMN with good performance (e.g., a success probability or percentage of PDU session establishment higher than a predetermined threshold) or low load (e.g., a load lower than a predetermined threshold), thereby further improving the transmission performance of the PDU session.

[0073] Optionally, the method further comprises: Home-routed PDU sessions Confirm In the case of establishing the first Functional Entities further includes selecting a network slice instance of the HPLMN and a session management function within the network slice instance according to the analysis information of the first network.

[0074] In this embodiment, in a roaming scenario, when establishing a home-routed PDU session, it is possible to further select a network slice instance of the HPLMN and a session management function within the network slice instance according to the analysis information of the first network, so that the network slice instance and session management function serving the terminal can be better adapted to the current network, and the transmission performance of the PDU session can be further improved.

[0075] Determining that at least one data flow in the PDU session adopts home routing and other data flows in the PDU session adopts local routing may be determining that some data flows in the PDU session adopt home routing and other data flows adopt local routing according to at least one of the analysis information of the first network and the analysis information of the second network, for example, when the HPLMN situation is relatively good, it may be determined that more data flows adopt home routing, and when the VPLMN situation is relatively good, it may be determined that more data flows adopt local routing. In this way, the routing of the PDU session can be flexibly determined according to the actual situation of the network, thereby further improving the transmission performance of the PDU session.

[0076] Optionally, determining that home routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and that local routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session includes: When the analysis information of the first network satisfies a third predetermined home routing condition and / or the analysis information of the second network satisfies a fourth predetermined home routing condition, determining that home routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and local routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session. The third and fourth predefined home routing conditions may be the same or different, and may be protocol-defined or configured by a network side.

[0077] In this embodiment, if the home routing condition is met, it is possible to determine that home routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session, and local routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session, thereby further improving the transmission performance of the PDU session.

[0078] Determining that at least one data flow in the PDU session adopts local routing and other data flows in the PDU session adopts home routing may be determined according to at least one of the analysis information of the first network and the analysis information of the second network, so that some data flows in the PDU session adopt local routing and other data flows adopt home routing, for example, when the situation of the VPLMN is relatively good, it may be determined that more data flows adopt local routing, and when the situation of the HPLMN is relatively good, it may be determined that more data flows adopt home routing. In this way, the routing of the PDU session can be flexibly determined according to the actual situation of the network, thereby further improving the transmission performance of the PDU session.

[0079] Optionally, determining that local routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and that home routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session includes: If the analysis information of the second network satisfies a first predetermined local routing condition, determining that local routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and home routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session. The first predetermined local routing condition and the second predetermined local routing condition may be the same or different, and the first predetermined local routing condition and the second predetermined local routing condition may be defined by a protocol or configured by a network side.

[0080] In this embodiment, if the local routing conditions are met, it is possible to determine that local routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session, and home routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session, thereby further improving the transmission performance of the PDU session.

[0081] In one alternative embodiment, the analysis information of the first network includes analysis information of a first network slice in the first network; The analysis information of the second network includes analysis information of a second network slice in the second network; There is a mapping relationship between the first network slice and the second network slice. The first network slice may be one or more network slices, and the network slice may include one or more slice instances, and the second network slice may be one or more network slices, and the network slice may include one or more slice instances.

[0082] In this embodiment, the first network slice and the second network slice are Functional Entities The network slice may be, but is not limited to, the second Functional Entities or third Functional Entities It may also be a network slice determined by the network administrator.

[0083] The mapping relationship between the first network slice and the second network slice may be a mapping relationship between a network slice of a VPLMN and a network slice of a mapped HPLMN.

[0084] In this embodiment, analysis information of at least one of the first network slice and the second network slice is obtained, so that PDU sessions can be managed at a granularity of network slice or network slice instance units, and the transmission performance of PDU sessions can be further improved, for example, by selecting a network slice or network slice instance with better performance or more appropriate performance to provide services to the PDU session.

[0085] Optionally, the management of the PDU session in the roaming scenario comprises: Updated network slice selection information and Network slice selection information the PDU session includes information about the first network slice and / or information about the second network slice, and is configured to transmit data of a third application through a PDU session in the first network slice and / or the second network slice. Finger This is to show. Wherein, the third application may be one or more applications, for example, a specific application.

[0086] In this embodiment, Network slice selection informationSince the terminal is updated, the terminal can update the network slice for data transmission of the PDU session, which helps to improve the transmission performance of the PDU session.

[0087] Optionally, performing management of the PDU session in the above-mentioned roaming scenario includes: According to the analysis information of the second network slice, is the If it is determined that the data transmission requirements of an application are not met , th Determine a routing selection policy, the first routing selection policy being for instructing data of the first application to be transmitted through a PDU session in a third network slice in the second network, the third network slice meeting the data transmission requirements of the first application; or According to the analysis information of the first network slice, is the 2. If it is determined that the data transmission requirements of the application are not met. , th determining a second routing selection policy, the second routing selection policy being for instructing data of the second application to be transmitted via a PDU session in a fourth network slice in the second network, wherein the fourth network slice and a network slice in the first network mapped to the fourth network slice meet the data transmission requirements of the second application, including at least one of: The routing selection policy may be a UE Route Selection Policy (URSP). The first application may be one or more applications, such as a particular application, and the second application may be one or more applications, such as a particular application, and in some embodiments, the first application and the second application may be the same application or different applications.

[0088] In this embodiment, the second network slice is the When the data transmission requirements of one application are not met, the first routing selection policy can be used to instruct the data of the first application to be transmitted through a PDU session in a third network slice in the second network, thereby improving the transmission performance of the PDU session.Furthermore, when the first network slice does not meet the data transmission requirements of a second application of the terminal, the second routing selection policy can be used to instruct the data of the second application to be transmitted through a PDU session in a fourth network slice in the second network, thereby improving the transmission performance of the PDU session.

[0089] As an example, if the load (or resource usage, performance, service experience, etc.) of the slice of the VPLMN identified by S-NSSAI1 no longer meets the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements for data transmission of the first application, for example, if the load (or resource usage) is high or the performance, service experience, etc. is low and the delay or reliability requirements for data transmission of the first application can be met, the H-PCF can change the URSP to configure the terminal to transmit data of the first application via a PDU session established in the network slice identified by VPLMN S-NSSAI3, where the network slice identified by VPLMN S-NSSAI3 meets the QoS requirements of the first application.

[0090] As another example, if the load (or resource usage, performance, service experience, etc.) of the slice of the HPLMN identified by the HPLMN S-NSSAI3 mapped to the VPLMN S-NSSAI1 no longer satisfies the QoS requirements for data transmission of the second application, while the data of the second application of the terminal is transmitted via a home-routed PDU session (i.e., also via the slice of the HPLMN identified by the HPLMN S-NSSAI3), the H-PCF can modify the URSP to configure the data of the second application of the terminal to be transmitted via a PDU session established in the network slice identified by the VPLMN S-NSSAI4, where the VPLMN network slice identified by the VPLMN S-NSSAI4 and the HPLMN network slice identified by the HPLMN S-NSSAI5 mapped thereto satisfy the QoS requirements of the second application.

[0091] In one alternative embodiment, the analytical information includes: At least one of performance analysis information, service experience analysis information, load analysis information, congestion analysis information, resource analysis information, and status analysis information is included. The performance analysis information may include the number, average, and variance of established PDU sessions, and may further include transmission performance, transmission accuracy, transmission reliability, etc. The service experience analysis information may include transmission experience analysis information of terminal services in a network. The load analysis information may include a load level or a load magnitude. The congestion analysis information may include a congestion level or a congestion magnitude. The resource analysis information may include resource usage, such as internal memory or CPU usage. The status analysis information may include status analysis information such as an operation status or a service status. The analysis information may also include information about a network, a network slice, a network slice instance, or Functional Entities It may also be analytical information obtained by analyzing at the granularity of the unit.

[0092] In this embodiment, the above at least one analysis information can more accurately reflect network status information, so that the management of PDU transmission is more adapted to the network, and the transmission performance of PDU sessions is maximized.

[0093] In one alternative embodiment, the target network analysis information is first Functional Entities What you get is The first Functional Entities The second Functional Entities or obtaining the target network analysis information from the first Functional Entities is the third Functional Entities Through the second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from The second Functional Entities is a first network data analysis function, a first network data collection function, or a first network data storage function; The first Functional Entities belongs to the first network, and the second Functional Entities belongs to the second network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of the second network; or Functional Entities belongs to the second network, and the second Functional Entities belongs to the first network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of the first network. The first Functional Entities The second Functional Entities Obtaining the target network analysis information from the first network may be the first network actively or passively requesting the target network analysis information from the second network. Functional Entities The second Functional Entities and sends a request message to the second Functional Entities The target network analysis information is obtained from Also, the second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from a first Functional Entities For example, the first Functional Entities Second from Functional Entities The request information sent to an analysis identifier; and analysis filter information; Functional Entities At least one of type, load level threshold information, and identification information may be included; Wherein, the analysis identifier may indicate an analysis type or identify specific analysis information, and the analysis filter information may indicate slice information of the VPLMN and slice information of the mapped HPLMN, for example, including a VPLMN S-NSSAI and a mapped HPLMN S-NSSAI, and may further include a slice instance identifier (Network Slice ID, NSI ID) of the VPLMN; the above Functional Entities The type (list of NF types) may indicate which of a plurality of functional entity types to analyze the load or performance, etc., for example, to instruct the SMF, UPF to analyze the load or performance, etc. Furthermore, it may indicate a specific network (i.e., home network, visited network) to analyze the load or performance, etc. Functional Entities It may specify a type of analysis, for example, the H-SMF instructs the SMF in the HPLMN to analyze load or performance, etc. The load level threshold information (Load Level Threshold value) may indicate that (specific) analysis information needs to be sent when the load level of a network slice in a VPLMN or HPLMN meets the threshold condition (e.g., is higher or lower than the threshold). Furthermore, a specific threshold may be specified for a specific network (i.e., home network, visited network), for example, HPLMN Load Level Threshold value=Level-2; The identification information may indicate a home network identifier HPLMN ID or may indicate a user equipment identifier UE ID of the terminal, such as a user permanent identifier (SUPI, Subscription Permanent Identifier), where the SUPI includes the identifier HPLMN ID of the home network of the terminal. The third item above Functional Entities may be a second network data analysis function, a second network data collection function, or a third network data storage function. Functional Entities is the third Functional Entities Through the second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from a first Functional Entities is the third Functional Entities Second, send a request to Functional Entities The target network analysis information may be requested from the target network analysis information provider.

[0094] Optionally, the first Functional Entities is the third Functional Entities through the second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from The first Functional Entities The third Functional Entities a first request carrying information about the first network and information about the second network; Functional Entities from the second request in response to the first request Functional Entitiesa second request carrying information about the second network is sent to request analysis information about the second network; Functional Entities According to the second Functional Entities receiving a first response transmitted in response to the second request from the The first Functional Entities However, the third Functional Entities and receiving a second response sent from the target network in response to the first response, the second response carrying the target network analysis information.

[0095] Optionally, the information about the first network includes information about a first network slice in the first network, and the information about the second network includes information about a second network slice in the second network. For example, the information about the first network may be identification information of a first network slice in the first network, and the information about the second network may be identification information of a second network slice in the second network.

[0096] In this embodiment, the third Functional Entities It is possible to obtain target network analysis information from

[0097] In the present embodiment, the first Functional Entities obtains target network analysis information, the target network analysis information including at least one of analysis information of a first network and analysis information of a second network, the first network being a HPLMN and the second network being a VPLMN, or the first network being a VPLMN and the second network being a HPLMN, and Functional Entitiesperforms PDU session management in a roaming scenario based on the target network analysis information. In this way, it is possible to perform PDU session management in a roaming scenario based on analysis information of at least one of the HPLMN and the VPLMN, so that the embodiment of the present application can improve PDU session transmission performance compared to management based only on the terminal's subscription data.

[0098] Referring to FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a flowchart of another network analysis method according to an embodiment of the present application, which includes: Functional Entities or third Functional Entities As shown in FIG. 5, the process includes the following steps 501 to 502: Step 501 is to obtain target network analysis information, the target network analysis information including at least one of analysis information of a first network and analysis information of a second network, where the first network is a Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN) and the second network is a VPLMN, or the first network is a VPLMN and the second network is a HPLMN; Step 502 is to manage a protocol data unit (PDU) session in a roaming scenario using the first Functional Entities Target network analysis information for execution Functional Entities The purpose is to send it to

[0099] Among them, the second Functional Entities may belong to the first network or the second network, e.g. Functional Entities teeth, It may include V-NWDAF, H-NWDAF, V-DCF, H-DCF, V-DCCF, H-DCCF, V-Network Data Storage Function, and H-Network Data Storage Function.

[0100] Among them, the third Functional Entities The second above Functional Entities belong to a different or the same network Functional Entities and second Functional Entities teeth, It may include V-NWDAF, H-NWDAF, V-DCF, H-DCF, V-DCCF, H-DCCF, V-Network Data Storage Function, and H-Network Data Storage Function.

[0101] Optionally, the analysis information of the first network includes analysis information of a first network slice in the first network; The analysis information of the second network includes analysis information of a second network slice in the second network; There is a mapping relationship between the first network slice and the second network slice.

[0102] Optionally, the analytical information includes: At least one of performance analysis information, service experience analysis information, load analysis information, congestion analysis information, resource analysis information, and status analysis information is included.

[0103] Optionally, obtaining the target network analysis information includes: The second Functional Entities obtains the target network analysis information, or Functional Entities The second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from The second Functional Entities is a first network data analysis function, a first network data collection function, or a first network data storage function; The first Functional Entities belongs to the first network, and the second Functional Entities belongs to the second network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of the second network; or Functional Entities belongs to the second network, and the second Functional Entities belongs to the first network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of the first network.

[0104] Optionally, the third Functional Entities The second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from The third Functional Entities However, the first Functional Entities receiving a first request transmitted from the first network, the first request carrying information of the first network and information of the second network; The third Functional Entities In response to the first request, Functional Entities sending a second request carrying information about the second network, the second request being for requesting analytical information about the second network; The third Functional Entities However, the second Functional Entities and receiving a first response transmitted in response to the second request from the second network, the first response including analysis information of the second network.

[0105] Optionally, the information about the first network includes information about a first network slice in the first network, and the information about the second network includes information about a second network slice in the second network.

[0106] It should be noted that this embodiment corresponds to the second embodiment shown in FIG. Functional Entities or third Functional Entities As an embodiment of the present invention, for specific embodiments, reference can be made to the relevant description of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4. In order to avoid repetition, this embodiment will not be repeated, but it can also achieve the same beneficial effects.

[0107] Hereinafter, a method according to an embodiment of the present application will be described by way of example through several examples.

[0108] Example 1 This embodiment mainly describes an example in which a V-NF obtains network analysis information via a V-NWDAF, and includes the following steps 1 to 10, as shown in FIG. 6.

[0109] Step 1. Visit the network function An entity V-NF (e.g., AMF, V-SMF, V-PCF) sends a network slice analysis request to the V-NWDAF to request the V-NWDAF to provide analysis information of a specific slice of a VPLMN and a specific slice of a HPLMN to the V-NF. The analysis request may carry the following information a to b: a. An analytics identifier (to indicate the type of analytics or to identify specific analytics information), which is the load level analytics information of the network slice, i.e., Analytics ID="Load level information"; It should be noted that in this embodiment, the requested network slice analysis information may be network slice performance analysis information, network slice service experience analysis information, etc., but here, network slice load level analysis information is taken as an example. b. Analytics Filter Information, which includes slice information of the VPLMN and slice information of the mapped HPLMN, i.e., VPLMN S-NSSAI and mapped HPLMN S-NSSAI, and may further include a slice instance identifier (NSI ID: Network Slice ID) of the VPLMN. The above analysis request may further carry the following information c to e. c. Functional Entities It is a list of NF types, which is used to indicate which functional entity types to analyze the load or performance, etc. for, for example, SMF, UPF to analyze the load or performance, etc. Furthermore, it is used to indicate the specific type of a specific network (i.e., home network, visited network). Functional EntitiesIt may also specify a type of analysis, for example, the H-SMF instructing the SMF in the HPLMN to analyze load or performance, etc. d. Load Level Threshold value, which may be used to indicate that (specific) analysis information needs to be sent when the load level of a network slice in a VPLMN or HPLMN is in the threshold condition (e.g., higher or lower than the threshold). Furthermore, a specific threshold may be specified for a specific network (i.e., home network, visited network), for example, HPLMN Load Level Threshold value=Level-2. e. A home network identifier HPLMN ID or a user equipment identifier UE ID, such as SUPI, which includes the identifier HPLMN ID of the UE's home network. In addition, the analysis request information related to the home network may be carried alone in a home network analysis request container (HPLMN analytics request container), for example, HPLMN analytics request container={Analytics ID="Load level information";Analytics Filter Information=mapped HPLMN S-NSSAI;list of NF types=SMF;Load Level Threshold value=Level-5}. Specifically, the analysis request may include a single request for analytical information or multiple subscriptions to analytical information, requesting the NWDAF to report analytical information, for example, periodically or when the analytical information is updated. 2. The V-NWDAF sends a network slice analysis request to the H-NWDAF according to the analysis request received in step 1, requesting the H-NWDAF to provide analysis information of a specific slice of the HPLMN to the V-NWDAF. The analysis request may carry the following information a to b: a. An analysis identifier similar to that in step 1. b. Analysis filter information, which includes slice information of the mapped HPLMN, i.e., mapped HPLMN S-NSSAI. Step 1: Analyze your requirements Functional Entities If further information such as type, load level threshold, etc. is carried, the network slice analysis request sent from the V-NWDAF to the H-NWDAF will include the following information c to d accordingly. c. Similar to step 1 Functional Entities NF types. Functional Entities If the type of analysis is specified, Functional Entities Only the type is included, for example H-SMF or SMF (default is SMF in HPLMN since the request is sent to the H-NWDAF). d. Load Level Threshold value, similar to step 1. If a specific threshold is specified for the home network, only the load level threshold information of the home network is included, e.g., HPLMN Load Level Threshold value=Level-5 or Load Level Threshold value=Level-5 (the default is the load level threshold of the HPLMN, since the request is sent to the H-NWDAF). If in step 1, the analysis request information related to the home network is carried solely in the HPLMN analytics request container, the V-NWDAF carries the information in the HPLMN analytics request container directly in the network slice analysis request sent to the H-NWDAF.

[0110] 3. The H-NWDAF analyzes the data in the home network according to the analysis request received in step 2. functionThe H-NWDAF sends a data collection request to the H-NF (e.g., H-SMF, H-NRF, H-NSACF) and / or OAM entities to request relevant data for the mapped HPLMN slice, which is used to obtain network slice analysis information. If the mapped HPLMN slice includes multiple slice instances (Network Slice Instances, NSIs), e.g., NSI-1, NSI-2, the H-NWDAF requests relevant data for each slice instance. Specifically, the H-NWDAF may determine a slice that requires analysis according to the mapped HPLMN S-NSSAI. If the mapped HPLMN slice includes multiple slice instances, the H-NWDAF determines each slice instance. Furthermore, the H-NWDAF may perform at least one of the following 1) to 4). 1) requesting a PDU session establishment or release report from the H-SMF in the slice (or each slice instance) of the mapped HPLMN; 2) Functional Entities According to the type being SMF or H-SMF, requesting from the H-NRF load information of the H-SMF in the slice (or each slice instance) of the HPLMN to which it is mapped; 3) Requesting from the H-NSACF the number of PDU sessions currently established within the slice (or each slice instance) of the mapped HPLMN; 4) Request the OAM the average number of PDU sessions established within a given period within the mapped HPLMN slice (or each slice instance). Functional Entities According to the type being SMF or H-SMF, the load information of the H-SMF in the slice (or each slice instance) of the mapped HPLMN is requested from the OAM.

[0111] 4. The H-NF (e.g., H-SMF, H-NRF, H-NSACF) and / or OAM sends a data collection response or notification to the H-NWDAF, which includes the data information requested by the H-NWDAF, according to the data collection request received in step 3.

[0112] 5. The H-NWDAF performs data analysis according to the data received from the H-NF and / or OAM to obtain analysis information for the mapped slice of the HPLMN. If the mapped slice of the HPLMN includes multiple slice instances, the analysis information includes analysis information for each slice instance. Here, the analysis information includes statistical information or prediction information for data such as the status and performance of the communication system (including functional entities therein, such as network or terminal functional entities). Specifically, for each slice instance or slice of the mapped HPLMN, the analysis information includes: This may include at least one of the following information: number of established PDU sessions (average, variance), load level, resource (e.g., internal memory, CPU) usage, H-SMF load, resource usage, performance, etc. In step 2, if the analysis request includes load level threshold information, 1) The H-NWDAF reports the analysis information only if the load level of the mapped slice or slice instance of the HPLMN satisfies the threshold condition; Or, 2) If the load level of the slice or slice instance of the mapped HPLMN satisfies the threshold condition, the analysis information further includes information on changes in resource usage of the slice or slice instance of the mapped HPLMN and the load level that satisfies the threshold condition.

[0113] 6. The H-NWDAF sends the analysis information of the slice of the mapped HPLMN to the V-NWDAF.

[0114] 7. The V-NWDAF, according to the analysis request received in step 1, function Send a data collection request to an entity V-NF (e.g., V-SMF, V-NRF, V-NSACF) and / or OAM to request relevant data of the VPLMN slice, and the relevant data is used to obtain analysis information of the VPLMN network slice. The specific method is the same as step 3, except that the H-NWDAF is replaced by the V-NWDAF, the mapped HPLMN S-NSSAI is replaced by the VPLMN S-NSSAI, the HPLMN is replaced by the VPLMN, and the H-SMF, H-NRF, and H-NSACF are replaced by the V-SMF, V-NRF, and V-NSACF, respectively.

[0115] 8. The V-NF (e.g., V-SMF, V-NRF, V-NSACF) and / or OAM sends a data collection response or notification to the V-NWDAF containing the data information requested by the V-NWDAF according to the data collection request received in step 7.

[0116] 9. The V-NWDAF performs data analysis according to the data received from the V-NF and / or OAM to obtain analysis information of the VPLMN slice. If the VPLMN slice includes multiple slice instances, the analysis information includes analysis information of each slice instance. The specific description of the analysis information is the same as in step 5, except that the H-NWDAF is replaced by the V-NWDAF, the HPLMN is replaced by the VPLMN, and the H-SMF is replaced by the V-SMF. The analysis information of the VPLMN slice may further include the load level of the V-UPF.

[0117] 10. The V-NWDAF transmits to the V-NF the analysis information of the slices of the VPLMN and the HPLMN, which includes the analysis information of the slices of the mapped HPLMN provided by the H-NWDAF and the analysis information of the slices of the VPLMN obtained by the V-NWDAF. Alternatively, the V-NWDAF transmits to the V-NF the analysis information of the slices of the HPLMN, i.e., the analysis information of the slices of the mapped HPLMN provided by the H-NWDAF, in which case the above steps 7 to 9 do not need to be performed.

[0118] It should be noted that in this embodiment, steps 3 to 5 and steps 7 to 9 may be performed in parallel.

[0119] In addition, the procedure of this embodiment can also be applied to obtaining analysis information of VPLMNs using H-NF; simply swap "H-" and "V-" in the procedure; that is, swapping "H-" and "V-" in the procedure of this embodiment results in a procedure for obtaining network analysis information using H-NF.

[0120] Example 2 This embodiment mainly describes an example in which a V-NF obtains network analysis information from an NWDAF via a V-DCCF, and includes the following steps 1 to 16, as shown in FIG. 7.

[0121] 1. Visiting Network function An entity V-NF (e.g., AMF, V-SMF, V-PCF) sends a network slice analysis data management request to the V-DCCF to request to obtain analysis information of specific slices of VPLMN and HPLMN, or analysis information of specific slices of HPLMN, via the V-DCCF. The analysis data management request may carry the following information A to B: A. It is a service operation, which is used to request analytical information, i.e., Nnwdaf_AnalyticsSubscription_Subscribe. The parameter is carried in the service operation in the BA, that is, an analysis request parameter (Analytics Specification), and the parameter may include the following information a to b: a. An analytics identifier (to indicate the type of analytics or to identify specific analytics information), which is the load level analytics information of the network slice, i.e., Analytics ID="Load level information"; b. Analytics Filter Information, which includes slice information of the VPLMN and slice information of the mapped HPLMN, i.e., VPLMN S-NSSAI and mapped HPLMN S-NSSAI, and may further include a slice instance identifier (Network Slice ID, NSI ID) of the VPLMN. The analysis request parameters may further carry the following information c to e. c. Functional Entities It is a list of NF types, which is used to indicate which functional entity types to analyze the load or performance, etc. for, for example, SMF, UPF to analyze the load or performance, etc. Furthermore, it is used to indicate the specific type of a specific network (i.e., home network, visited network). Functional Entities The type of analysis may be specified, for example, for the H-SMF to instruct the SMFs in the HPLMN to analyze load, performance, etc. d. Load Level Threshold value, which may be used to indicate that (specific) analysis information needs to be sent when the load level of a network slice in a VPLMN or HPLMN is in the threshold condition (e.g., higher or lower than the threshold). Furthermore, a specific threshold may be specified for a specific network (i.e., home network, visited network), for example, HPLMN Load Level Threshold value=Level-2. e. A home network identifier HPLMN ID or a user equipment identifier UE ID, such as SUPI, which includes the identifier HPLMN ID of the UE's home network. The analytics request information related to the home network may be carried alone in an HPLMN analytics request container, for example, HPLMN analytics request container={Analytics ID="Load level information";Analytics Filter Information=mapped HPLMN S-NSSAI;list of NF types=SMF;Load Level Threshold value=Level-5}.

[0122] 2. According to the analysis data management request received in step 1, the V-DCCF sends a network slice analysis data management request to the H-DCCF, requesting to obtain analysis information of a specific slice of the HPLMN via the H-DCCF. Specifically, the analysis data management request carries the following information A to B: A. It is a service operation used to indicate that analytics information, i.e. Nnwdaf_AnalyticsSubscription_Subscribe, is to be requested. The parameters are carried in the service operation in the BA, that is, the analysis request parameters, and the parameters may include the following information a to b: a. An analysis identifier similar to that in step 1. b. Analysis filter information, which includes slice information of the mapped HPLMN, i.e., mapped HPLMN S-NSSAI. In step 1, the analysis request parameters Functional Entities If information such as type and load level threshold is carried, the analysis request parameters transmitted from the V-DCCF to the H-DCCF accordingly include the following information c to d. c. Similar to step 1 Functional Entities NF types. Functional Entities If the type of analysis is specified, Functional Entities Only the type is included, for example H-SMF or SMF (default is SMF in HPLMN since the request is sent to the H-NWDAF). d. Load Level Threshold value, similar to step 1. If a specific threshold is specified for the home network, only the load level threshold information of the home network is included, e.g., HPLMN Load Level Threshold value=Level-5 or Load Level Threshold value=Level-5 (the default is the load level threshold of the HPLMN, since the request is sent to the H-NWDAF). If in step 1 the analysis request information relating to the home network is carried solely within the HPLMN analytics request container, the V-DCCF carries the information in the HPLMN analytics request container directly within the analysis request parameters sent to the H-DCCF.

[0123] 3. The H-DCCF sends a network slice analysis request to the H-NWDAF, requesting the H-NWDAF to provide analysis information for a specific slice of the HPLMN. Specifically, the information carried in the analysis request is the same as the information carried in the analysis request parameter in step 2.

[0124] 4 to 6: The same as steps 3 to 5 in the first embodiment.

[0125] 7. The H-NWDAF sends the analysis information of the slices of the mapped HPLMN to the H-DCCF.

[0126] 8. The H-DCCF sends the analysis information of the mapped slice of the HPLMN to the V-DCCF.

[0127] 9. Optionally, the V-DCCF sends an analysis information notification to the V-NWDAF, carrying analysis information of the slice of the mapped HPLMN. Specifically, the V-DCCF may send the analysis information notification to the V-NWDAF based on local configuration or when analysis information of the HPLMN is subscribed to from the V-NWDAF to the V-DCCF.

[0128] 10. The V-DCCF sends a network slice analysis request to the V-NWDAF to request the V-NWDAF to provide analysis information of a specific slice of the VPLMN. Specifically, the analysis request carries information related to the VPLMN in the analysis request parameters in step 1, and the information may include the following information a to b: a. An analytics identifier (to indicate the type of analytics or to identify specific analytics information), which is the load level analytics information of the network slice, i.e., Analytics ID="Load level information"; b. Analytics Filter Information, which includes a VPLMN S-NSSAI and may further include a VPLMN slice instance identifier (NSI ID: Network Slice ID). The analysis request may further carry the following information items cd. c. Functional Entities This is a list of NF types, and is used to indicate which of multiple functional entity types to analyze load, performance, etc. for. For example, it instructs SMF and UPF to analyze load, performance, etc. d. Load Level Threshold Value, which may be used to indicate that (specific) analysis information needs to be sent when the load level of a network slice in a VPLMN or HPLMN is in the threshold condition (e.g., higher or lower than the threshold).

[0129] 11 to 13: These are the same as steps 7 to 9 in the first embodiment.

[0130] 14. The V-NWDAF sends the analysis information of the VPLMN slice to the V-DCCF.

[0131] 15. If step 9 has been performed, the V-NWDAF sends the V-DCCF slice analysis information of the VPLMN and the HPLMN, including the mapped slice analysis information of the HPLMN and the slice analysis information of the VPLMN obtained by the V-NWDAF. In this case, step 14 above does not need to be performed.

[0132] 16. The V-DCCF sends the V-NF slice analysis information of the VPLMN and the HPLMN, which includes the slice analysis information of the mapped HPLMN and the slice analysis information of the VPLMN. Alternatively, the V-DCCF sends the HPLMN slice analysis information, i.e., the slice analysis information of the mapped HPLMN, to the V-NF, in which case steps 10 to 14 above are not performed.

[0133] It should be noted that in this embodiment, steps 3 to 8 and steps 10 to 14 may be performed in parallel.

[0134] In addition, the procedure of this embodiment can also be applied to obtaining analysis information of VPLMNs using H-NF; simply swap "H-" and "V-" in the procedure; that is, swapping "H-" and "V-" in the procedure of this embodiment results in a procedure for obtaining network analysis information using H-NF.

[0135] Example 3 This embodiment mainly describes an example in which a V-NF obtains analysis information of an HPLMN from an ADRF via a V-DCCF, and includes the following steps 1 to 8, as shown in FIG. 8.

[0136] 1-2: The same as steps 1-2 in the second embodiment.

[0137] 3. The H-DCCF sends a request to obtain analysis data of a network slice to the H-ADRF, requesting the H-ADRF to provide analysis information of a specific slice of the HPLMN. Specifically, the analysis request parameters carried in the request to obtain analysis data are the same as the information carried in the analysis request parameters in the request to manage analysis data in step 2.

[0138] 4. The H-ADRF sends the stored analysis information of the mapped slices of the HPLMN to the H-DCCF.

[0139] 5. The H-DCCF sends the analysis information of the mapped slice of the HPLMN to the V-DCCF.

[0140] 6. The V-DCCF sends a request to obtain analysis data of a network slice to the V-ADRF, requesting the V-ADRF to provide analysis information of a specific slice of the VPLMN. Specifically, the information related to the VPLMN in the analysis request parameters in step 1 carried in the request for analysis data is the same as the information carried in the analysis request in step 10 of Example 2.

[0141] 7. The V-ADRF sends the stored analysis information of the slices of the VPLMN to the V-DCCF.

[0142] 8. The V-DCCF transmits to the V-NF slice analysis information of the VPLMN and HPLMN, including slice analysis information of the mapped HPLMN and slice analysis information of the VPLMN. Alternatively, the V-DCCF transmits to the V-NF slice analysis information of the HPLMN, i.e., slice analysis information of the mapped HPLMN, in which case steps 6 and 7 above do not need to be performed.

[0143] In addition, the procedure of this embodiment can also be applied to obtaining analysis information of VPLMNs using H-NF; simply swap "H-" and "V-" in the procedure; that is, swapping "H-" and "V-" in the procedure of this embodiment results in a procedure for obtaining network analysis information using H-NF.

[0144] Example 4 This embodiment mainly describes an example in which the AMF and SMF of the VPLMN use the analysis information of the HPLMN to determine the routing of the PDU session, and includes the following steps 1 to 8, as shown in Figure 9.

[0145] 1. The UE sends a Non-Access Stratum (NAS) message to the AMF, carrying parameters such as a PDU Session Establishment Request, DNN, VPLMN S-NSSAI, and mapped HPLMN S-NSSAI. The VPLMN S-NSSAI and mapped HPLMN S-NSSAI are used to indicate the network slice of the VPLMN for the PDU session establishment requested by the UE and the network slice of the HPLMN mapped to the slice, respectively.

[0146] 2. The AMF determines whether the UE is allowed to establish a locally routed PDU session within the network slice identified by the VPLMN S-NSSAI (i.e., (VPLMN S-NSSAI,DNN)) for the data network identified by the DNN according to the "LBO Roaming Information" parameter of the "SMF Selected Contract Data" in the UE contract data obtained from the HPLMN UDM. If the judgment result is negative (i.e., the establishment of a locally routed PDU session is not permitted), the AMF determines that a home routed PDU session will be established for the UE. If the judgment result is positive (i.e., if it is allowed to establish a locally routed PDU session), the AMF makes the following judgments and decisions based on the analysis information of the VPLMN slice (i.e., the slice identified by the VPLMN S-NSSAI) and the analysis information of the HPLMN slice (i.e., the slice identified by the mapped HPLMN S-NSSAI): If the load (or resource usage, performance, service experience, etc.) of the VPLMN slice is within an appropriate range, for example, if the load or percentage of already used resources is lower than a configured threshold, the AMF determines to establish a locally routed PDU session for the UE. ·If the load (or resource usage) of the slice of the VPLMN is high, for example, higher than a set threshold, or the performance, service experience, etc. is low, for example, lower than a set threshold, while the load (or resource usage, performance, service experience, etc.) of the slice of the HPLMN is within an appropriate range, and home routing can meet the service requirements, the AMF determines to establish a home-routed PDU session for the UE. If the AMF determines that a home-routed PDU session is to be established for the UE, the AMF performs the following actions: Selecting a slice instance of the HPLMN (if there are multiple slice instances in the slice) and an H-SMF within the slice or the selected slice instance based on analysis information of the slice of the HPLMN, such as the load, resource usage and / or performance of the H-SMF within the slice or each slice instance. Selecting a slice instance of the VPLMN (if there are multiple slice instances in the slice) and a V-SMF in the slice or the selected slice instance based on analysis information of the slice of the VPLMN, such as the load, resource usage, and / or performance of the V-SMF in the slice or each slice instance. The following steps are performed when the AMF determines that a home-routed PDU session is to be established for the UE.

[0147] 3. The AMF initiates a PDU session establishment service request to the V-SMF, which includes the H-SMF ID, VPLMN S-NSSAI, mapped HPLMN S-NSSAI, DNN and other parameters.

[0148] 4. The V-SMF determines the management of the PDF session based on one or more of the following information 1) to 5). 1) Analysis information of the slice of the HPLMN (i.e., the slice identified by the mapped HPLMN S-NSSAI), such as the load, resource usage, and / or performance of the slice or the slice instance in which the H-SMF is located (if there are multiple slice instances in the slice); 2) Analysis information of the slice of the VPLMN (i.e., the slice identified by the VPLMN S-NSSAI), such as the load, resource usage, and / or performance of the slice or the slice instance in which the V-SMF is located (if there are multiple slice instances in the slice) and / or the V-UPF; 3) The load, resource usage and / or performance status of the V-SMF itself; 4) QoS parameters of the QoS flow in the PDU session, 5) Local configuration, etc.

[0149] Specifically, for example, based on the analysis information of the slices of the HPLMN and / or the analysis information of the slices of the VPLMN, the V-SMF may determine that one or more QoS flows in the PDU session are routed directly to the local data network (DN) via the V-UPF, and other QoS flows are routed to the home network via the V-UPF (i.e., routed to the DN of the HPLMN via the V-UPF and H-UPF). For example, QoS flows for ultra-low latency (e.g., packet latency target < 10 ms) services are routed directly to the local DN via the V-UPF, For QoS flows of services that do not have high latency requirements but high reliability ( / error rate) requirements, if the load, resource usage and / or performance status of the slice (or slice instance) of the HPLMN is good while the load (or resource usage) of the V-UPF is high or performance is low, e.g., higher or lower than a configured threshold, these QoS flows may be routed to the H-UPF via the V-UPF, and user plane data processing may be performed by the H-UPF / HPLMN. According to the above decision, the V-SMF sets the packet detection rule (PDR) and the packet forwarding rule (FAR) to be sent to the V-UPF (or the UPF with uplink classification and / or branch point UL CL / BP function in the VPLMN).

[0150] 5. The V-SMF initiates an N4 interface session establishment request to the V-UPF (or a UPF with uplink classification / branching point UL CL / BP function in the VPLMN), carrying the above PDR, FAR and other parameters.

[0151] 6. The V-UPF returns an N4 interface session establishment response.

[0152] 7. The V-SMF initiates a PDU session establishment service request to the H-SMF, which includes the mapped HPLMN S-NSSAI, DNN, V-SMF ID, and related parameters (e.g., QoS flow identifier, QoS rules, and QoS parameters) of one or more QoS flows for which home routing is performed (i.e., routed to the home network).

[0153] 8. Perform the Home Routed PDU Session Establishment procedure.

[0154] Example 5 This embodiment mainly describes an example in which the H-PCF / V-PCF uses the analysis information of the HPLMN and VPLMN to update the UE policy, and includes the following steps 1 to 4, as shown in FIG. 10.

[0155] 1. The H-PCF sends a UE Route Selection Policy (URSP) to the roaming UE via the V-PCF, where the URSP configures the UE to transmit data of application 1 via a PDU session established in the network slice identified by the VPLMN S-NSSAI1. Among them, the URSP is used to instruct the UE to map and transmit data of a specific application to a specific PDU session.

[0156] 2. The H-PCF makes the following judgments and decisions 1) to 2) based on the analysis information of the VPLMN slice (here, the network slice identified by the VPLMN S-NSSAI1) and / or the analysis information of the HPLMN slice (here, the network slice identified by the HPLMN S-NSSAI2 mapped to the VPLMN S-NSSAI1). 1) If the load (or resource usage, performance, service experience, etc.) of the slice of the VPLMN identified by S-NSSAI1 no longer satisfies the QoS requirements for data transmission of application 1, for example, if the load (or resource usage) is high or the performance, service experience, etc. is low and the delay or reliability requirements for data transmission of application 1 can no longer be met, the H-PCF can change the URSP to configure the UE's application 1 data to be transmitted via a PDU session established in the network slice identified by VPLMN S-NSSAI3, where the network slice identified by VPLMN S-NSSAI3 satisfies the QoS requirements of application 1. 2) If the load (or resource usage, performance, service experience, etc.) of the slice of the HPLMN identified by the HPLMN S-NSSAI3 mapped to the VPLMN S-NSSAI1 no longer meets the QoS requirements for data transmission of application 1, while the data of application 1 of the UE is transmitted via a home-routed PDU session (i.e., also via the slice of the HPLMN identified by the HPLMN S-NSSAI3), the H-PCF can modify the URSP to configure the data of application 1 of the UE to be transmitted via a PDU session established in the network slice identified by the VPLMN S-NSSAI4, where the VPLMN network slice identified by the VPLMN S-NSSAI4 and the HPLMN network slice identified by the HPLMN S-NSSAI5 mapped thereto meet the QoS requirements of application 1. Wherein, the H-PCF can obtain the QoS requirements for data transmission of the application 1 from the application function entity AF or the network public function entity NEF.

[0157] 3. The H-PCF updates the UE routing selection policy, including the changes in step 2, to the roaming UE via the V-PCF.

[0158] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the V-PCF may set and update the URSP based on the analysis information of the VPLMN and / or the analysis information of the HPLMN, and provide it to the UE, the procedure is the same as above, except that the H-PCF is replaced by the V-PCF, and the V-PCF directly sends the URSP to the UE.

[0159] In the embodiment of the present application, the following can be achieved. V-NF (VPLMN Functional Entities ) obtains analytical information on the HPLMN from the H-NWDAF via the V-NWDAF. Functional Entities ) obtains analytical information on VPLMN from V-NWDAF via H-NWDAF. The V-NF obtains HPLMN analytical information from the H-NWDAF via the V-DCCF and H-DCCF. Conversely, the H-NF obtains VPLMN analytical information from the V-NWDAF via the H-DCCF and V-DCCF. The V-NF obtains HPLMN analysis information from the H-ADRF via the V-DCCF and H-DCCF. Conversely, the H-NF obtains VPLMN analysis information from the V-ADRF via the H-DCCF and V-DCCF. Based on the analysis information of the HPLMN and / or the analysis information of the VPLMN, the AMF determines whether home routing or local routing is adopted for the PDU session of the roaming UE, and selects an H-SMF for the home-routed PDU session. Based on the analysis information of the HPLMN and / or the analysis information of the VPLMN, the V-SMF determines that one or more QoS flows in the PDU session are routed directly to the local data network (DN) via the V-UPF, and other QoS flows are routed to the home network via the V-UPF (i.e., routed to the DN of the HPLMN via the V-UPF and the H-UPF), or based on the analysis information of the HPLMN and / or the analysis information of the VPLMN, the V-SMF determines that one or more QoS flows in the PDU session are routed to the home network via the V-UPF, and other QoS flows are routed directly to the local data network via the V-UPF. The V-SMF accordingly configures a packet detection rule PDR and a packet forwarding rule FAR for the V-UPF (or a UPF with uplink classification and / or branch point UL CL / BP functions in the VPLMN). The H-PCF or V-PCF updates the UE routing selection policy (URSP) using the analysis information of the HPLMN and VPLMN, and specifically, updates the rules for which slice / slices of PDU sessions application data in the URSP is transmitted based on the slice analysis information of the HPLMN and VPLMN. Among them, the above analysis information may be slice analysis information. In this case, the V-NF provides the V-NWDAF (or V-DCCF) with the mapped HPLMN S-NSSAI (i.e., slice information of the HPLMN mapped to the V-NWDAF S-NSSAI), and the V-NWDAF (or V-DCCF) requests analysis information of the HPLMN network slice identified by the mapped HPLMN S-NSSAI from the H-NWDAF (or H-DCCF).

[0160] The network analysis method according to an embodiment of the present application can determine an appropriate PDU session data routing mechanism (home routing or local routing) for different applications of a roaming terminal based on the network conditions (e.g., congestion, load, performance, service experience, etc.) of the home network or visited network, and select an optimal session management function (e.g., H-SMF serving the home-routed PDU session), thereby improving the success rate of PDU session establishment and service performance in roaming scenarios.

[0161] Referring to FIG. 11, FIG. 11 shows a block diagram of a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Functional Entities This is a structural diagram of the Functional Entities is the first Functional Entities As shown in FIG. 11, the system includes a memory 1120, a transceiver 1100, and a processor 1110. The memory 1120 is for storing a computer program, and the transceiver 1100 is for transmitting and receiving data under the control of the processor 1110, and the processor 1110 reads the computer program in the memory 1120 and performs the following: acquiring target network analysis information including at least one of analysis information of a first network and analysis information of a second network, wherein the first network is a Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN) and the second network is a Visited Public Land Mobile Network (VPLMN), or the first network is a VPLMN and the second network is a HPLMN; and performing an operation of performing protocol data unit (PDU) session management in a roaming scenario based on the target network analysis information.

[0162] In FIG. 11 , the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically connecting various circuits, such as one or more processors, represented by processor 1110, and memory, represented by memory 1120. The bus architecture may also connect various other circuits, such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and will not be further described herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 1100 may include multiple elements, i.e., a transmitter and a receiver, and provides a means for communicating with various other devices over transmission media, including wireless channels, wired channels, optical cables, and the like. For various user devices, the user interface 1130 may be an interface to which necessary devices, external or internal, can be connected, including, but not limited to, a small keyboard, a display, a speaker, a microphone, a joystick, and the like.

[0163] The processor 1110 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 1120 can store data used by the processor 1110 when performing operations.

[0164] Alternatively, the processor 1110 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), and the processor may employ a multi-core architecture.

[0165] The processor is used to execute any of the methods according to the embodiments of the present disclosure in accordance with the executable instructions obtained by calling a computer program stored in the memory. The processor and the memory may be physically separated.

[0166] Optionally, the operation for performing management of PDU sessions in the above-mentioned roaming scenario includes: establishing a locally routed PDU session; establishing a home routed PDU session; Selecting a session management function within the HPLMN for home-routed PDU sessions; determining that home routing is adopted for at least one data flow within a PDU session and that local routing is adopted for other data flows within the PDU session; determining that local routing is adopted for at least one data flow within a PDU session and that home routing is adopted for other data flows within the PDU session; setting a packet detection rule or a packet forwarding rule associated with the PDU session; Routing selection policy associated with the PDU session Update and updating.

[0167] Optionally, if the analysis information of the second network satisfies a predetermined local routing condition, and / or if the analysis information of the first network satisfies a predetermined local routing condition, establishing a locally routed PDU session; and / or If the analysis information of the second network satisfies a first predetermined home routing condition and / or if the analysis information of the first network satisfies a second predetermined home routing condition, a home-routed PDU session is established.

[0168] Optionally, the processor 1110 Home-routed PDU sessions Confirm When the first network is established, it is also for selecting a network slice instance of the HPLMN and a session management function within the network slice instance according to the analysis information of the first network.

[0169] Optionally, determining that home routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and that local routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session includes: If the analysis information of the first network satisfies a third predetermined home routing condition and / or the analysis information of the second network satisfies a fourth predetermined home routing condition, determining that home routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and local routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session; or Or, Determining that local routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and home routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session includes: If the analysis information of the second network satisfies a first predetermined local routing condition, determining that local routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and home routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session.

[0170] Optionally, the analysis information of the first network includes analysis information of a first network slice in the first network; The analysis information of the second network includes analysis information of a second network slice in the second network; There is a mapping relationship between the first network slice and the second network slice.

[0171] Optionally, the management of the PDU session in the roaming scenario comprises: Updated network slice selection information and Network slice selection information the PDU session includes information about the first network slice and / or information about the second network slice, and is configured to transmit data of a third application through a PDU session in the first network slice and / or the second network slice. Finger This is to show.

[0172] Optionally, the operation for performing management of PDU sessions in the above-mentioned roaming scenario includes: According to the analysis information of the second network slice, is the If it is determined that the data transmission requirements of an application are not met , th Determine a routing selection policy, the first routing selection policy being for instructing data of the first application to be transmitted through a PDU session in a third network slice in the second network, the third network slice meeting the data transmission requirements of the first application; or According to the analysis information of the first network slice, is the 2. If it is determined that the data transmission requirements of the application are not met. , th determining a second routing selection policy, the second routing selection policy being for instructing data of the second application to be transmitted via a PDU session in a fourth network slice in the second network, wherein the fourth network slice and a network slice in the first network mapped to the fourth network slice meet the data transmission requirements of the second application, including at least one of:

[0173] Optionally, the analytical information includes: At least one of performance analysis information, service experience analysis information, load analysis information, congestion analysis information, resource analysis information, and status analysis information is included.

[0174] Optionally, obtaining the target network analysis information includes: second Functional Entities or obtaining the target network analysis information from the first Functional Entities is the third Functional Entities Through the second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from The second Functional Entities is a first network data analysis function, a first network data collection function, or a first network data storage function; The first Functional Entities belongs to the first network, and the second Functional Entities belongs to the second network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of the second network; or Functional Entities belongs to the second network, and the second Functional Entities belongs to the first network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of the first network.

[0175] Optionally, the third Functional Entities through the second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from A first request carrying information of the first network and information of the second network is sent to the third network. Functional Entities and Functional Entities from the second request in response to the first request Functional Entities a second request carrying information about the second network is sent to request analysis information about the second network; Functional Entities According to the second Functional Entities receiving a first response transmitted in response to the second request from the The third Functional Entities and receiving a second response sent from the target network in response to the first response, the second response carrying the target network analysis information.

[0176] Optionally, the information about the first network includes information about a first network slice in the first network, and the information about the second network includes information about a second network slice in the second network.

[0177] Optionally, the first Functional Entities teeth, It includes one of an access and mobility management function, a session management function, and a policy control function.

[0178] It should be noted here that the above-mentioned Functional Entities can realize all the method steps realized by the above method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effects, but here we will not repeat in detail the same parts and beneficial effects as the method embodiments in this embodiment.

[0179] Referring to FIG. 12, FIG. 12 illustrates another embodiment of the present disclosure. Functional Entities This is a structural diagram of the Functional Entities The second Functional Entities or third Functional Entities As shown in FIG. 12, the system includes a memory 1220, a transceiver 1200, and a processor 1210. The memory 1220 is for storing a computer program, and the transceiver 1200 is for transmitting and receiving data under the control of the processor 1210, and the processor 1210 reads the computer program in the memory 1220 and performs the following operations: obtaining target network analysis information including at least one of analysis information of a first network and analysis information of a second network, wherein the first network is a Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN) and the second network is a VPLMN, or the first network is a VPLMN and the second network is a HPLMN; The first method comprises: managing a protocol data unit (PDU) session in a roaming scenario; Functional Entities Target network analysis information for execution Functional Entities and to perform the operations of sending to

[0180] In FIG. 12 , the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically connecting various circuits between one or more processors, such as processor 1210, and memory, such as memory 1220. The bus architecture may also connect various other circuits, such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and will not be further described herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 1200 may include multiple elements, i.e., a transmitter and a receiver, and provides a means for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. These transmission media include wireless channels, wired channels, optical cables, and the like. For various user devices, the user interface 1230 may be an interface to which necessary devices, external or internal, can be connected, including, but not limited to, a small keyboard, a display, a speaker, a microphone, a joystick, and the like.

[0181] The processor 1210 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 1220 can store data used by the processor 1210 when performing operations.

[0182] Alternatively, the processor 1210 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), and the processor may employ a multi-core architecture.

[0183] The processor is used to execute any of the methods according to the embodiments of the present disclosure in accordance with the executable instructions obtained by calling a computer program stored in the memory. The processor and the memory may be physically separated.

[0184] Optionally, the analysis information of the first network includes analysis information of a first network slice in the first network; The analysis information of the second network includes analysis information of a second network slice in the second network; There is a mapping relationship between the first network slice and the second network slice.

[0185] Optionally, the analytical information includes: At least one of performance analysis information, service experience analysis information, load analysis information, congestion analysis information, resource analysis information, and status analysis information is included.

[0186] Optionally, the operation of obtaining the target network analysis information mentioned above includes: The second Functional Entities obtains the target network analysis information, or Functional Entities The second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from The second Functional Entitiesis a first network data analysis function, a first network data collection function, or a first network data storage function; The first Functional Entities belongs to the first network, and the second Functional Entities belongs to the second network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of the second network; or Functional Entities belongs to the second network, and the second Functional Entities belongs to the first network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of the first network.

[0187] Optionally, the third Functional Entities The second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from The third Functional Entities However, the first Functional Entities receiving a first request transmitted from the first network, the first request carrying information of the first network and information of the second network; The third Functional Entities In response to the first request, Functional Entities sending a second request carrying information about the second network, the second request being for requesting analytical information about the second network; The third Functional Entities However, the second Functional Entities and receiving a first response transmitted in response to the second request from the second network, the first response including analysis information of the second network.

[0188] Optionally, the information about the first network includes information about a first network slice in the first network, and the information about the second network includes information about a second network slice in the second network.

[0189] It should be noted here that the above-mentioned Functional Entitiescan realize all the method steps realized by the above method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effects, but here we will not repeat in detail the same parts and beneficial effects as the method embodiments in this embodiment.

[0190] Referring to FIG. 13, FIG. 13 shows another example of a hologram according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Functional Entities This is a structural diagram of the Functional Entities is the first Functional Entities Or a network analysis device, as shown in Figure 13, Functional Entities 1300 is an acquiring unit 1301 for acquiring target network analysis information, the target network analysis information including at least one of analysis information of a first network and analysis information of a second network, where the first network is a Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN) and the second network is a Visited Public Land Mobile Network (VPLMN), or the first network is a VPLMN and the second network is a HPLMN; and an executing unit 1302 for executing protocol data unit (PDU) session management in a roaming scenario based on the target network analysis information.

[0191] Optionally, performing management of the PDU session in the above-mentioned roaming scenario includes: establishing a locally routed PDU session; establishing a home routed PDU session; Selecting a session management function within the HPLMN for home-routed PDU sessions; determining that home routing is adopted for at least one data flow within a PDU session and that local routing is adopted for other data flows within the PDU session; determining that local routing is adopted for at least one data flow within a PDU session and that home routing is adopted for other data flows within the PDU session; setting a packet detection rule or a packet forwarding rule associated with the PDU session; Routing selection policy associated with the PDU session Update and updating.

[0192] Optionally, if the analysis information of the second network satisfies a predetermined local routing condition, and / or if the analysis information of the first network satisfies a predetermined local routing condition, establishing a locally routed PDU session; and / or If the analysis information of the second network satisfies a first predetermined home routing condition and / or if the analysis information of the first network satisfies a second predetermined home routing condition, a home-routed PDU session is established.

[0193] Optionally, the above Functional Entities teeth, Home-routed PDU sessions Confirm When the first network is established, the first network slice instance is further included in the selection unit for selecting a network slice instance of the HPLMN and a session management function within the network slice instance according to the analysis information of the first network.

[0194] Optionally, determining that home routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and that local routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session includes: If the analysis information of the first network satisfies a third predetermined home routing condition and / or the analysis information of the second network satisfies a fourth predetermined home routing condition, determining that home routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and local routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session; or Or, Determining that local routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and home routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session includes: If the analysis information of the second network satisfies a first predetermined local routing condition, determining that local routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and home routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session.

[0195] Optionally, the analysis information of the first network includes analysis information of a first network slice in the first network; The analysis information of the second network includes analysis information of a second network slice in the second network; There is a mapping relationship between the first network slice and the second network slice.

[0196] Optionally, the management of the PDU session in the roaming scenario comprises: Updated network slice selection information and Network slice selection information the PDU session includes information about the first network slice and / or information about the second network slice, and is configured to transmit data of a third application through a PDU session in the first network slice and / or the second network slice. Finger This is to show.

[0197] Optionally, performing management of the PDU session in the above-mentioned roaming scenario includes: According to the analysis information of the second network slice, is the If it is determined that the data transmission requirements of an application are not met , th Determine a routing selection policy, the first routing selection policy being for instructing data of the first application to be transmitted through a PDU session in a third network slice in the second network, the third network slice meeting the data transmission requirements of the first application; or According to the analysis information of the first network slice, is the 2. If it is determined that the data transmission requirements of the application are not met. , th determining a second routing selection policy, the second routing selection policy being for instructing data of the second application to be transmitted via a PDU session in a fourth network slice in the second network, wherein the fourth network slice and a network slice in the first network mapped to the fourth network slice meet the data transmission requirements of the second application, including at least one of:

[0198] Optionally, the analytical information includes: At least one of performance analysis information, service experience analysis information, load analysis information, congestion analysis information, resource analysis information, and status analysis information is included.

[0199] Optionally, obtaining the target network analysis information includes: second Functional Entities or obtaining the target network analysis information from the first Functional Entities is the third Functional Entities Through the second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from The second Functional Entitiesis a first network data analysis function, a first network data collection function, or a first network data storage function; The first Functional Entities belongs to the first network, and the second Functional Entities belongs to the second network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of the second network; or Functional Entities belongs to the second network, and the second Functional Entities belongs to the first network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of the first network.

[0200] Optionally, the third Functional Entities through the second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from A first request carrying information of the first network and information of the second network is sent to the third network. Functional Entities and Functional Entities from the second request in response to the first request Functional Entities a second request carrying information about the second network is sent to request analysis information about the second network; Functional Entities According to the second Functional Entities receiving a first response transmitted in response to the second request from the The third Functional Entities and receiving a second response sent from the target network in response to the first response, the second response carrying the target network analysis information.

[0201] Optionally, the information about the first network includes information about a first network slice in the first network, and the information about the second network includes information about a second network slice in the second network.

[0202] Optionally, the first Functional Entities teeth, It includes one of an access and mobility management function, a session management function, and a policy control function.

[0203] It should be noted here that the above-mentioned Functional Entities can realize all the method steps realized by the above method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effects, but here we will not repeat in detail the same parts and beneficial effects as the method embodiments in this embodiment.

[0204] Referring to FIG. 14, FIG. 14 shows another example of a hologram according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Functional Entities This is a structural diagram of Functional Entities The second Functional Entities or third Functional Entities Or a network analysis device, as shown in Figure 14, Functional Entities 1400 is an acquiring unit 1400 for acquiring target network analysis information, the target network analysis information including at least one of analysis information of a first network and analysis information of a second network, where the first network is a Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN) and the second network is a VPLMN, or the first network is a VPLMN and the second network is a HPLMN; The first method comprises: managing a protocol data unit (PDU) session in a roaming scenario; Functional Entities Target network analysis information for execution Functional Entities and a transmitting unit 1402 for transmitting to the

[0205] Optionally, the analysis information of the first network includes analysis information of a first network slice in the first network; The analysis information of the second network includes analysis information of a second network slice in the second network; There is a mapping relationship between the first network slice and the second network slice.

[0206] Optionally, the analytical information includes: At least one of performance analysis information, service experience analysis information, load analysis information, congestion analysis information, resource analysis information, and status analysis information is included.

[0207] Optionally, obtaining the target network analysis information includes: The second Functional Entities obtains the target network analysis information, or Functional Entities The second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from The second Functional Entities is a first network data analysis function, a first network data collection function, or a first network data storage function; The first Functional Entities belongs to the first network, and the second Functional Entities belongs to the second network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of the second network; or Functional Entities belongs to the second network, and the second Functional Entities belongs to the first network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of the first network.

[0208] Optionally, the third Functional Entities The second Functional Entities obtaining the target network analysis information from The third Functional Entities However, the first Functional Entities receiving a first request transmitted from the first network, the first request carrying information of the first network and information of the second network; The third Functional Entities In response to the first request, Functional Entities sending a second request carrying information about the second network, the second request being for requesting analytical information about the second network; The third Functional Entities However, the second Functional Entitiesand receiving a first response transmitted in response to the second request from the second network, the first response including analysis information of the second network.

[0209] Optionally, the information about the first network includes information about a first network slice in the first network, and the information about the second network includes information about a second network slice in the second network.

[0210] It should be noted here that the above-mentioned communication device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can implement all the method steps implemented by the above-mentioned method embodiment and can also achieve the same technical effects, but here the same parts and beneficial effects as those of the method embodiment in this embodiment will not be described in detail again.

[0211] It should be noted that the division into units in the embodiments of the present disclosure is merely a schematic division based on logical functions, and other division methods may be used in actual implementation. Furthermore, the functional units in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0212] The integrated unit may be realized in the form of a software functional unit and stored in a processor-readable storage medium when sold or used as an independent product. Based on this understanding, an essential part of the technical aspects of the present application, a part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical aspects can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions that cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a portable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0213] An embodiment of the present application includes a processor-readable storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program comprising: Functional Entities The computer program is for causing the processor to execute a network analysis method according to the second embodiment of the present application. Functional Entities or third Functional Entities A processor-readable storage medium is provided for causing the processor to execute a network analysis method.

[0214] The processor-readable storage medium may be any available medium or data storage device that can be accessed by a processor, including, but not limited to, magnetic storage devices (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes, magneto-optical disks (MO), etc.), optical storage devices (e.g., CDs, DVDs, BDs, HVDs, etc.), and semiconductor storage devices (e.g., ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, non-volatile memory (NAND FLASH), solid-state drives (SSDs)).

[0215] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present application may be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, magnetic disk memory, optical memory, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0216] This application is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to form an apparatus, and the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device form an apparatus for implementing the functions specified in one or more flows in the flowcharts and / or one or more blocks in the block diagrams.

[0217] These processor-executable instructions may be stored in a processor-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, with the instructions stored in the processor-readable memory forming an article of manufacture that includes an instruction apparatus that implements the functions specified in one or more flows of the flowcharts and / or one or more blocks of the block diagrams.

[0218] These processor-executable instructions may be loaded into a computer or other programmable data processing device and cause the computer or other programmable data processing device to perform a series of operational steps to form a computer-implemented process, the instructions executing on the computer or other programmable data processing device providing steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more flows of the flowcharts and / or one or more blocks of the block diagrams.

[0219] It should be noted that the division into modules described above is merely a division based on logical functions. In actual implementation, all or some of the modules may be integrated into a single physical entity or physically separated. These modules may all be implemented by a processing element calling software, or all by hardware. Alternatively, some modules may be implemented by a processing element calling software, while other modules may be implemented by hardware. For example, the determination module may be an independent processing element or may be integrated into a chip of the device. Furthermore, the determination module may be stored in the memory of the device in the form of program code and executed by a processing element of the device when called. The implementation of other modules is similar to the determination module. Furthermore, these modules may all or some be integrated or implemented separately. The processing element described herein may be an integrated circuit capable of processing signals. In implementation, each step of the method or each module may be implemented using a hardware integrated logic circuit within a processor element or by using instructions in software format.

[0220] For example, each module, unit, sub-unit, or sub-module may be configured as one or more integrated circuits that implement the above method, such as one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more microprocessors (digital signal processors (DSPs)), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). As another example, when a certain module is implemented by a processing element calling a program code, the processing element may be a general-purpose processor such as a central processing unit (CPU) or another processor that can call a program code. As a further example, these modules may be integrated together or implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC).

[0221] In the specification and claims of this disclosure, terms such as "first," "second," and the like are used to distinguish between similar objects and not necessarily to describe a particular order or chronology. Such terms are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, with the understanding that the embodiments of the present application described herein may be performed in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a procedure, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or units is not limited to including only those steps or units explicitly listed, but may also include other steps or units not explicitly listed or that are inherent to the procedure, method, product, or apparatus. It should be noted that "and / or" used in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, for example, "A and / or B and / or C" includes seven cases: only A is present, only B is present, only C is present, both A and B are present, both B and C are present, both A and C are present, and all of A, B, and C are present. Similarly, "at least one of A and B" used in the specification and claims should be understood as "only A is present, only B is present, or both A and B are present."

[0222] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and the scope of equivalent techniques, the present application also includes these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A network analysis method performed by a first functional entity, comprising: Obtaining target network analysis information; and performing protocol data unit (PDU) session management in a roaming scenario based on the target network analysis information; The first function entity is a network function entity of a first network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of a second network, or includes analysis information of the first network and analysis information of the second network; the first network is a Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN) and the second network is a Visited Public Land Mobile Network (VPLMN), or the first network is a VPLMN and the second network is a HPLMN; method.

2. Performing PDU session management in the above roaming scenario includes: establishing a locally routed PDU session; establishing a home-routed PDU session; selecting a session management function in the HPLMN for a home-routed PDU session; Selecting a network slice for a home-routed PDU session; Determining that home routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and local routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session; Determining that local routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and home routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session; Setting a packet detection rule or a packet forwarding rule associated with the PDU session; and updating a routing selection policy associated with the PDU session.

3. Establishing the above-mentioned locally routed PDU session includes: establishing a locally routed PDU session when the analysis information of the second network meets a predetermined local routing condition, and / or when the analysis information of the first network meets a predetermined local routing condition; and / or Establishing the above-mentioned home-routed PDU session includes establishing a home-routed PDU session when the analysis information of the second network satisfies a first predetermined home routing condition and / or the analysis information of the first network satisfies a second predetermined home routing condition; and / or Determining that home routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the above-mentioned PDU session and local routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session includes: If the analysis information of the first network satisfies a third predetermined home routing condition and / or the analysis information of the second network satisfies a fourth predetermined home routing condition, determining that home routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and local routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session; or and / or Determining that local routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the above-mentioned PDU session and home routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session includes:

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising: determining that local routing is adopted for at least one data flow in the PDU session and home routing is adopted for other data flows in the PDU session when the analysis information of the second network satisfies a first predetermined local routing condition.

4. The analysis information of the first network includes analysis information of a first network slice in the first network; The analysis information of the second network includes analysis information of a second network slice in the second network; The method of claim 1 , wherein there is a mapping relationship between the first network slice and the second network slice.

5. The management of the PDU session in the roaming scenario includes: The method of claim 4, further comprising updating network slice selection information, the network slice selection information including information on the first network slice and / or information on the second network slice, for instructing transmission of data of a third application via a PDU session in the first network slice and / or the second network slice.

6. Performing PDU session management in the above roaming scenario includes: If it is determined according to the analysis information of the second network slice that the second network slice does not meet the data transmission requirements of the first application, determine a first routing selection policy, the first routing selection policy is for instructing the data of the first application to be transmitted through a PDU session in a third network slice in the second network, and the third network slice meets the data transmission requirements of the first application; or 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising: determining a second routing selection policy when it is determined according to the analysis information of the first network slice that the first network slice does not meet the data transmission requirements of a second application, the second routing selection policy being for instructing data of the second application to be transmitted via a PDU session in a fourth network slice in the second network; and the fourth network slice and a network slice in the first network mapped to the fourth network slice meeting the data transmission requirements of the second application.

7. The analytical information includes: The method of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the information includes at least one of performance analysis information, service experience analysis information, load analysis information, congestion analysis information, resource analysis information, and status analysis information.

8. Obtaining the above-mentioned target network analysis information is 7. The method of any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising obtaining the target network analysis information from a second functional entity, or obtaining the target network analysis information from the second functional entity via a third functional entity.

9. Obtaining the target network analysis information from the second functional entity via a third functional entity includes: sending a first request to the third functional entity, carrying information about the first network and information about the second network, causing the third functional entity to send a second request to the second functional entity in response to the first request, carrying information about the second network, the second request being for requesting analysis information about the second network; and receiving, by the third functional entity, a first response sent in response to the second request from the second functional entity, the first response including analysis information about the second network; and receiving a second response sent in response to the first response from the third functional entity, the second response carrying the target network analysis information.

10. A network analysis method performed by a second functional entity or a third functional entity, comprising: Obtaining target network analysis information; transmitting target network analysis information to a first functional entity for the first functional entity to perform protocol data unit (PDU) session management in a roaming scenario; The first function entity is a network function entity of a first network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of a second network, or includes analysis information of the first network and analysis information of the second network; The method, wherein the first network is a Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN) and the second network is a Visited Public Land Mobile Network (VPLMN), or the first network is a VPLMN and the second network is a HPLMN.

11. The analysis information of the first network includes analysis information of a first network slice in the first network; The analysis information of the second network includes analysis information of a second network slice in the second network; The method of claim 10 , wherein there is a mapping relationship between the first network slice and the second network slice.

12. The analytical information includes: The method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the information includes at least one of performance analysis information, service experience analysis information, load analysis information, congestion analysis information, resource analysis information, and status analysis information.

13. A functional entity designated as a first functional entity, an acquiring unit for acquiring target network analysis information; an execution unit for performing protocol data unit (PDU) session management in a roaming scenario based on the target network analysis information; The first function entity is a network function entity of a first network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of a second network, or includes analysis information of the first network and analysis information of the second network; A functional entity, wherein the first network is a Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN) and the second network is a Visited Public Land Mobile Network (VPLMN), or the first network is a VPLMN and the second network is a HPLMN.

14. A functional entity that is a second functional entity or a third functional entity, an acquiring unit for acquiring target network analysis information; a sending unit for sending target network analysis information to the first functional entity for the first functional entity to perform protocol data unit (PDU) session management in a roaming scenario; The first function entity is a network function entity of a first network, and the target network analysis information includes analysis information of a second network, or includes analysis information of the first network and analysis information of the second network; A functional entity, wherein the first network is a Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN) and the second network is a Visited Public Land Mobile Network (VPLMN), or the first network is a VPLMN and the second network is a HPLMN.

15. 11. A processor-readable storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program being for causing the processor to execute the network analysis method of claim 1, or the computer program being for causing the processor to execute the network analysis method of claim 10.

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