Control Plane Transport Slice Identifier for End-to-End 5G Network Slicing

Abstract

A method and apparatus are provided for monitoring performance of a network slice in a transport network by a network controller and / or a network device. In one embodiment, the method includes sending a PCEP configuration message to a network device of the transport network using a Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP) to request rendering of a transport network path assigned to the transport network slice. The PCEP configuration message includes a transport network slice identifier and a slice status request. The method further includes receiving a first PCEP report message from the network device, the first PCEP report message including slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether a service level agreement (SLA) of the transport network slice is satisfied, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state. The method further includes reporting the slice status information to a performance monitoring system (PMS).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to communication systems, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for using a control plane transport slice identifier for end-to-end 5G network slice mapping. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, wireless communication systems (e.g., 4G, Long Term Evolution (LTE)), 5G, and related communication systems may be deployed to provide various telecommunications services such as telephone, video, data, messaging, and broadcast. To meet the ever-increasing demand for wireless data traffic, network technologies may attempt to implement end-to-end (E2E) systems in which all targets are integrated through networks that provide access in wired, wireless, or various other manners. To that end, standardization organizations (e.g., the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the Next Generation Mobile Networks (NGMN) Alliance, the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP®), and the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)) may define and / or design systems and / or network architectures to implement network technologies that may be characterized by high performance, low latency, and high availability.

[0003] One such network technology may include the adoption of network slicing for a radio access network (RAN) and a core network (CN) interconnected with each other via a transport network (TN). Under network slicing, network resources and network functions may be bundled into network slices according to the individual services, service level agreements (SLAs), and / or network path routing to be provided by each network slice. That is, network slices over a communication network may provide customized network services by combining control plane (CP) and user plane (UP) network functions for network services required for specific services over the CN and RAN.

[0004] Associated mechanisms for deploying and implementing network slicing functions across network domains may rely on the use of different network slice subnet management function (NSSMF) devices for each domain. For example, the RAN, CN, and TN domains may each independently implement separate NSSMF devices (e.g., RN-NSSMF, CN-NSSMF, and TN-NSSMF, respectively). Thus, each domain (e.g., RAN, CN, and TN) may operate independently without awareness of the other domains. As a result, associated network slicing mechanisms may not be able to correlate network usage information (e.g., paths, resources, performance) from each domain to present an end-to-end view of the network slice.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need for further improvements in 5G network slicing technology. Improvements are presented herein. These improvements may also be applicable to other multi-access technologies and telecommunications standards that use these technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Disclosed herein are a method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium for monitoring the performance of network slices in a transport network.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for monitoring performance of a network slice in a transport network by a network controller includes sending a PCEP configuration message to a network device of the transport network using a path computation element communication protocol (PCEP) to request rendering of a transport network path assigned to the transport network slice. The PCEP configuration message includes a transport network slice identifier corresponding to the transport network slice and a slice status request requesting that the network device provide a status update of the transport network slice. The method further includes receiving, from the network device, a first PCEP report message including first slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether a service level agreement (SLA) of the transport network slice is satisfied, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state. The method further includes reporting the first slice status information of the transport network slice to a performance monitoring system (PMS).

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the PCEP configuration message includes at least one of a PCEP initialization message and a PCEP update message.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the method further includes receiving a network slice creation request from a network slice management controller, the network slice creation request including a source address, a destination address, and an SLA. The method further includes creating a transport network slice based on the network slice creation request. The method further includes calculating a transport network path according to the source address, the destination address, and the SLA. The method further includes assigning the transport network path to the transport network slice.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, receiving the network slice creation request further includes receiving the network slice creation request via a representational state transfer application programming interface (REST-API).

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the method further includes updating the transport network path based on one or more network topology changes to obtain an updated transport network path. The method further includes sending a PCEP Update message to the network device, the PCEP Update message including the updated transport network path and another slice status request. The method further includes receiving, from the network device, a second PCEP Report message including second slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether the SLA of the transport network slice is satisfied, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state. The method further includes reporting the second slice status information of the transport network slice to the PMS.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the method further includes receiving information indicating one or more network topology changes via at least one border gateway protocol link state (BGP-LS) message.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first slice status information is determined according to one or more segment routing performance monitoring (SR-PM) messages received from one or more other network devices that render the transport network path.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the network device of the transport network is an ingress provider edge (PE) device of the transport network path.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the method further includes reporting the first slice status information of the transport network slice to a network slice management controller.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, reporting the first slice status information of the transport network slice to the PMS includes reporting the first slice status information to the PMS via a first REST-API. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, reporting the first slice status information to the network slice management controller includes reporting the first slice status information to the network slice management controller via a second REST-API.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus for monitoring performance of a network slice in a transport network includes a storage device storing computer-executable instructions and a processor communicatively coupled to the storage device. The processor is configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to cause the apparatus to send a PCEP configuration message to a network device of the transport network using PCEP, requesting rendering of a transport network path assigned to the transport network slice. The PCEP configuration message includes a transport network slice identifier corresponding to the transport network slice and a slice status request requesting that the network device provide a status update of the transport network slice. The computer-executable instructions further cause the apparatus to receive a first PCEP report message from the network device, the first PCEP report message including first slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether an SLA for the transport network slice is satisfied, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state. The computer-executable instructions further cause the apparatus to report the first slice status information of the transport network slice to a PMS.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium has recorded thereon a program for monitoring performance of a network slice in a transport network by an apparatus. The program includes an operation of sending a PCEP configuration message to a network device of the transport network using PCEP, requesting rendering of a transport network path assigned to the transport network slice. The PCEP configuration message includes a transport network slice identifier corresponding to the transport network slice and a slice status request requesting that the network device provide a status update of the transport network slice. The program includes a further operation of receiving a first PCEP report message from the network device, the first slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether an SLA of the transport network slice is satisfied, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state. The program includes a further operation of reporting the first slice status information of the transport network slice to a PMS.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method for monitoring performance of a network slice in a transport network by a network device includes receiving, from a network controller using PCEP, a PCEP configuration message requesting rendering of a transport network path assigned to the transport network slice. The PCEP configuration message includes a transport network slice identifier corresponding to the transport network slice and a slice status request requesting that the network device provide a status update of the transport network slice. The method further includes rendering the transport network path using one or more other network devices of the transport network. The method further includes obtaining, from the one or more other network devices, first slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether an SLA of the transport network slice is satisfied, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state. The method further includes sending, to the network controller, a first PCEP report message including the first slice status information.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, obtaining the first slice status information includes transmitting one or more SR-PM messages to one or more other network devices, and further including receiving responses to the one or more SR-PM messages that include the first slice status information from the one or more other network devices.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the method further includes receiving, from the network device, a PCEP Update message including an updated transport network path and another slice status request. The method further includes reconfiguring at least one network device of the one or more other network devices based on the updated transport network path. The method further includes obtaining, from the one or more other network devices, second slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether an SLA for the transport network slice is satisfied, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state. The method further includes sending, to the network controller, a second PCEP Report message including the second slice status information.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the network device of the transport network is an ingress provider edge (PE) device of the transport network path.

[0023] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus for monitoring performance of a network slice in a transport network includes a storage device storing computer-executable instructions and a processor communicatively coupled to the storage device. The processor is configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to cause the apparatus to receive a PCEP configuration message from a network controller using PCEP, the PCEP configuration message requesting rendering of a transport network path assigned to the transport network slice. The PCEP configuration message includes a transport network slice identifier corresponding to the transport network slice and a slice status request requesting that a network device provide a status update of the transport network slice. The computer-executable instructions further cause the apparatus to render the transport network path using one or more other network devices of the transport network. The computer-executable instructions further cause the apparatus to obtain, from the one or more other network devices, first slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether an SLA for the transport network slice is met, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state. The computer-executable instructions further cause the apparatus to send a first PCEP report message to the network controller, the first slice status information being included in the first slice status information.

[0024] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium has recorded thereon a program for monitoring performance of a network slice in a transport network by an apparatus. The program includes an operation of receiving a PCEP configuration message from a network controller using PCEP, the PCEP configuration message requesting rendering of a transport network path assigned to the transport network slice. The PCEP configuration message includes a transport network slice identifier corresponding to the transport network slice and a slice status request requesting that the network device provide a status update of the transport network slice. The program further includes an operation of rendering the transport network path using one or more other network devices of the transport network. The program further includes an operation of obtaining, from the one or more other network devices, first slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether an SLA of the transport network slice is satisfied, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state. The program further includes an operation of sending a first PCEP report message to the network controller, the first slice status information being included in the first slice status information.

[0025] Additional embodiments will be set forth in the description that follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, and / or may be learned by practice of the illustrated embodiments of the present disclosure. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0026] These and other aspects, features, and modes of embodiments of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram of an example device for monitoring performance of network slices in a transport network, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 2]1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary wireless communication system in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] 1 is an example of a high-level network slice architecture for network slice management and configuration in a communication system, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] 1 illustrates an example process for monitoring performance of a network slice in a transport network during network slice creation, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] 1 illustrates an example process for monitoring performance of network slices in a transport network during changes in network topology, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] 1 illustrates an extended Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP) message in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an example network controller for monitoring performance of network slices in a transport network, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] 1 is a flowchart of an example method for monitoring performance of a network slice in a transport network by a network controller, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an example network device for monitoring performance of network slices in a transport network, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] 1 is a flowchart of an example method for monitoring performance of a network slice in a transport network by a network device, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0028] The following detailed description of the exemplary embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings, in which the same reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0029] The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit implementations to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practicing implementations. Furthermore, one or more features or components of one embodiment may be incorporated into or combined with another embodiment (or one or more features of another embodiment). Additionally, in the flowcharts and descriptions of operations provided below, it is understood that one or more operations may be omitted, one or more operations may be added, one or more operations may be performed (at least partially) concurrently, and the order of one or more operations may be permuted.

[0030] It will be apparent that the systems and / or methods described herein may be implemented in various forms of hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software. The actual specialized control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods is not intended to limit the implementation. Thus, the operation and behavior of the systems and / or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, and it will be understood that software and hardware can be designed to implement the systems and / or methods based on the description herein.

[0031] Although particular combinations of features are recited in the claims and / or disclosed herein, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of possible implementations. Indeed, many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims and / or disclosed herein. Although each dependent claim listed below may depend directly on only one claim, the disclosure of possible implementations includes each dependent claim in combination with every other claim in the set.

[0032] No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or required unless explicitly described as such. Additionally, as used herein, the articles "a" and "an" are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with "one or more." Where only one item is intended, the term "one" or similar language is used. Additionally, as used herein, terms such as "has," "have," "having," "include," and "including" are intended to be open-ended terms. Furthermore, the phrase "based on" is intended to mean "based at least in part on," unless expressly stated otherwise. Furthermore, phrases such as "at least one of [A] and [B]" or "at least one of [A] or [B]" should be understood to include A only, B only, or both A and B.

[0033] Throughout this specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," or similar language mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the illustrated embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the inventive solution. Thus, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an embodiment," and similar language throughout this specification may, but do not necessarily, all refer to the same embodiment.

[0034] Furthermore, the described features, advantages, and characteristics of the present disclosure may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In light of the description herein, those skilled in the art will recognize that the present disclosure can be practiced without one or more of the specific features or advantages of a particular embodiment. In other instances, additional features and advantages may be recognized in certain embodiments that may not be present in all embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0035] Network slicing may enable network resources and network functions to be bundled into network slices according to the individual services, service level agreements (SLAs), and / or network path routing to be provided by each network slice. That is, a network slice over a communication network can provide customized network services by combining control plane (CP) and user plane (UP) network functions for network services required for a particular service over a core network (CN) and a radio access network (RAN), which may be interconnected with each other over a transport network (TN).

[0036] However, the associated mechanisms for deploying and implementing network slicing functions across network domains may rely on the use of different network slice subnet management function (NSSMF) devices for each domain (e.g., RN-NSSMF, CN-NSSMF, and TN-NSSMF). Thus, each domain (e.g., RAN, CN, and TN) may operate independently without awareness of the other domains. As a result, the associated network slicing mechanisms may not be able to correlate network usage information (e.g., paths, resources, performance) from each domain to present an end-to-end view of the network slice. For example, the RAN and / or CN domains may not be aware of performance and / or SLA violations within the TN domain. Such scenarios may be exacerbated when or if multiple RN and / or CN network slices are mapped to a single transport network slice. That is, a single failure in the TN domain may result in communication failure across multiple network slices in the RN and / or CN domains.

[0037] Aspects presented herein provide methods and apparatus for monitoring the performance of network slices in a TN such that the end-to-end performance of the network slices can be monitored. Network slice performance may be monitored, and / or performance degradation may be identified at the individual network slice and / or flow level within the TN, without interdependencies from and / or functional changes to other domains (e.g., RAN, CN). Furthermore, aspects presented herein may improve the efficiency and performance of network slicing implementations by enabling end-to-end monitoring of network slice management and visualization of transport network paths.

[0038] 1 is a diagram of an exemplary device for monitoring the performance of network slices in a transport network. Device 100 may correspond to any type of known computer, server, or data processing device. For example, device 100 may include a processor, a personal computer (PC), a printed circuit board (PCB) including a computing device, a minicomputer, a mainframe computer, a microcomputer, a telephone computing device, a wired / wireless computing device (e.g., a smartphone, a personal digital assistant (PDA)), a laptop, a tablet, a smart device, a wearable device, or any other similarly functional device.

[0039] 1, device 100 may include a set of components such as a processor 120, a memory 130, a storage component 140, an input component 150, an output component 160, a communication interface 170, and a TN performance monitoring component 180. The set of components of device 100 may be communicatively coupled via a bus 110.

[0040] Bus 110 may comprise one or more components that enable communication between the set of components of device 100. For example, bus 110 may be a communications bus, a crossover bar, a network, etc. Although bus 110 is shown in FIG. 1 as a single line, bus 110 may be implemented using multiple (two or more) connections between the set of components of device 100. The present disclosure is not limited in this respect.

[0041] Device 100 may include one or more processors, such as processor 120. Processor 120 may be implemented in hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software. For example, processor 120 may include a central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU), accelerated processing unit (APU), microprocessor, microcontroller, digital signal processor (DSP), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), general-purpose single-chip or multi-chip processor, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. Processor 120 may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in combination with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. In some embodiments, particular processes and methods may be performed by circuitry that is specific to a given function.

[0042] The processor 120 may control the overall operation of the device 100 and / or the set of components of the device 100 (e.g., the memory 130, the storage component 140, the input component 150, the output component 160, the communication interface 170, and the TN performance monitoring component 180).

[0043] Device 100 may further comprise memory 130. In some embodiments, memory 130 may comprise random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, magnetic memory, optical memory, and / or another type of dynamic or static storage device. Memory 130 may store information and / or instructions for use (e.g., executed) by processor 120.

[0044] Storage component 140 of device 100 may store information and / or computer-readable instructions and / or code related to the operation and use of device 100. For example, storage component 140 may include a hard disk (e.g., a magnetic disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, and / or solid-state disk), a compact disc (CD), a digital versatile disc (DVD), a universal serial bus (USB) flash drive, a Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) card, a floppy disk, a cartridge, a magnetic tape, and / or another type of non-transitory computer-readable medium along with a corresponding drive.

[0045] Device 100 may further comprise input component 150. Input component 150 may include one or more components that enable device 100 to receive information, such as via user input (e.g., a touchscreen, a keyboard, a keypad, a mouse, a stylus, a button, a switch, a microphone, a camera, etc.). Alternatively or additionally, input component 150 may include sensors that sense information (e.g., a global positioning system (GPS) component, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, an actuator, etc.).

[0046] Output components 160 of device 100 may include one or more components that may provide output information from device 100 (e.g., a display, a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light-emitting diode (LED), an organic light emitting diode (OLED), a haptic feedback device, a speaker, etc.).

[0047] Device 100 may further comprise a communication interface 170. Communication interface 170 may include a receiver component, a transmitter component, and / or a transceiver component. Communication interface 170 may enable device 100 to establish a connection with and / or transfer communications to other devices (e.g., a server, another device). Communication may be enabled via a wired connection, a wireless connection, or a combination of wired and wireless connections. Communication interface 170 may enable device 100 to receive information from and / or provide information to other devices. In some embodiments, communication interface 170 may provide communication with another device over a network such as a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), a private network, an ad hoc network, an intranet, the Internet, an optical fiber-based network, a cellular network (e.g., a fifth generation (5G) network, a long term evolution (LTE) network, a third generation (3G) network, a code division multiple access (CDMA) network, etc.), a public land mobile network (PLMN), a telephone network (e.g., a public switched telephone network (PSTN)), etc., and / or combinations of these or other types of networks. Alternatively or additionally, the communication interface 170 may provide communication with another device via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link such as FlashLinQ, WiMedia, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi, LTE, 5G, etc.In other embodiments, communication interface 170 may include an Ethernet interface, an optical interface, a coaxial interface, an infrared interface, a radio frequency (RF) interface, or the like.

[0048] In some embodiments, device 100 may comprise a TN performance monitoring component 180 configured to monitor the performance of network slices in a transport network. TN performance monitoring component 180 may include a set of components, such as a TN controller performance monitoring component 182 and / or a TN device performance monitoring component 184. For example, TN controller performance monitoring component 182 may be configured to send Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP) configuration messages requesting status updates of transport network slices, receive PCEP report messages indicating slice status information of the transport network slices, and report the slice status information to a performance monitoring system (PMS). TN device performance monitoring component 184 may be configured to receive PCEP configuration messages requesting status updates of transport network slices, render transport network paths, obtain slice status information, and send PCEP report messages with the slice status information.

[0049] Device 100 may perform one or more processes described herein. Device 100 may perform operations based on processor 120 executing computer-readable instructions and / or code, which may be stored by a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as memory 130 and / or storage component 140. A computer-readable medium may refer to a non-transitory memory device. A memory device may include memory space within a single physical storage device and / or memory space across multiple physical storage devices.

[0050] Computer readable instructions and / or code may be loaded into memory 130 and / or storage component 140 from another computer readable medium or from another device via communication interface 170. The computer readable instructions and / or code stored in memory 130 and / or storage component 140, when or as executed by processor 120, may cause device 100 to perform one or more processes described herein.

[0051] Alternatively, or in addition, hardwired circuitry may be used in place of or in combination with software instructions to implement one or more processes described herein. Thus, the embodiments described herein are not limited to any specific combination of hardware circuitry and software.

[0052] The number and arrangement of components shown in Figure 1 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged components than those shown in Figure 1. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Figure 1 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Figure 1 may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, a set of components shown in Figure 1 (e.g., one or more components) may perform one or more functions that are described as being performed by another set of components shown in Figure 1.

[0053] 2 illustrates an example wireless communication system 200 (which may also be referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN)) that may include one or more user equipment (UE) 210, one or more base stations 220, at least one transport network 230, and at least one core network 240, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0054] One or more UEs 210 may access at least one core network 240 and / or IP services 250 via connections to one or more base stations 220 through the RAN domain 224 and through at least one transport network 230. Examples of UEs 210 may include a mobile phone, a smartphone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a satellite radio, a global positioning system (GPS), a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player (e.g., an MP3 player), a camera, a game console, a tablet, a smart device, a wearable device, a vehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a large or small kitchen appliance, a healthcare device, an implant, a sensor / actuator, a display, or any other similarly functioning device. Some of the one or more UEs 210 may be referred to as Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices (e.g., a parking meter, a gas pump, a toaster, a vehicle, a heart monitor, etc.). One or more UEs 210 may also be referred to as a station, mobile station, subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, radio unit, remote unit, mobile device, radio device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, radio terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile agent, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0055] One or more base stations 220 may wirelessly communicate with one or more UEs 210 via the RAN domain 224. Each base station of the one or more base stations 220 may provide communication coverage to one or more UEs 210 located within the geographic coverage area of ​​that base station 220. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, a base station 220 may transmit one or more beamformed signals to one or more UEs 210 in one or more transmit directions. One or more UEs 210 may receive the beamformed signals from the base station 220 in one or more receive directions. Alternatively or additionally, one or more UEs 210 may transmit beamformed signals to the base station 220 in one or more transmit directions. The base station 220 may receive the beamformed signals from one or more UEs 210 in one or more receive directions.

[0056] One or more base stations 220 may include macrocells (e.g., high-power cellular base stations) and / or small cells (e.g., low-power cellular base stations). Small cells may include femtocells, picocells, and microcells. Whether macrocells or large cells, base station 220 may include and / or be referred to as an access point (AP), an evolved (or evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN)) Node B (eNB), a next generation Node B (gNB), or another type of base station.

[0057] One or more base stations 220 may be configured to interface (e.g., establish connections, transfer data, etc.) with at least one core network 240 via at least one transport network 230. In addition to other functions, one or more base stations 220 may perform one or more of the following functions: forwarding data received from one or more UEs 210 (e.g., uplink data) to the at least one core network 240 via the at least one transport network 230; forwarding data received from the at least one core network 240 (e.g., downlink data) to one or more UEs 210 via the at least one transport network 230.

[0058] The transport network 230 may transport data (e.g., uplink data, downlink data) and / or signaling between the RAN domain 224 and the CN domain 244. For example, the transport network 230 may provide one or more backhaul links between one or more base stations 220 and at least one core network 240. The backhaul links may be wired or wireless. Alternatively or additionally, the transport network 230 may comprise the TN performance monitoring component 180 of FIG. 1.

[0059] The core network 240 may be configured to provide one or more services (e.g., enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC), massive machine type communications (mMTC), etc.) to one or more UEs 210 connected to the RAN domain 224 via the TN domain 234. Alternatively or additionally, the core network 240 may serve as an entry point for IP services 250. The IP services 250 may include the Internet, an intranet, an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS), streaming services (e.g., video, audio, games, etc.), and / or other IP services.

[0060] 2, the end-to-end network slice 260 may provide the necessary connectivity between the UE 210 and the core network 240 with a specified performance commitment. The end-to-end network slice 260 may refer to a logical network topology that connects multiple endpoints (e.g., the UE 210, the core network 240) using a set of shared or dedicated network resources (e.g., the base station 220, the transport network 230) used to meet the specific performance commitment. The performance commitment to be met by the end-to-end network slice 260 may be referred to as a service level agreement (SLA), a service level objective (SLO), a service level expectation (SLE), and / or a service level indicator (SLI). Examples of these performance commitments may include, but are not limited to, a guaranteed minimum bandwidth (e.g., bandwidth between two endpoints in a particular direction), a guaranteed maximum latency (e.g., network latency when transmitting between two endpoints), a maximum packet delay variation (PDV) (e.g., the maximum difference in one-way delay between sequentially transmitted packets within a flow), a maximum tolerable packet loss rate (e.g., the ratio of dropped packets to transmitted packets), and a minimum availability ratio (e.g., the ratio of uptime to the sum of uptime and downtime).

[0061] A UE 210 may access multiple network slices 260 via one or more base stations 220 (not shown). In some embodiments, each network slice 260 may serve a particular service type with a specified performance commitment.

[0062] In some embodiments, each network slice 260 may be identified by a global identifier, such as a single network slice selection assistance information (S-NSSAI), that is, the S-NSSAI may be used by the RAN domain 224, the TN domain 234, and the CN domain 244 to identify the network slice 260.

[0063] The S-NSSAI may include information about a slice and / or service type (SST), which may indicate the expected behavior of a particular network slice with respect to capabilities and / or services. The S-NSSAI may further comprise a slice differentiator (SD), which may enable further differentiation for selecting a network slice instance from one or more network slice instances that may conform to the indicated SST. Alternatively or additionally, the SST and / or SD included in the S-NSSAI may use standard values ​​and / or may use values ​​specific to a particular network provider (e.g., a public land mobile network (PLMN)).

[0064] 3 is an example of a high-level network slice architecture for network slice management and configuration in a communication system according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The high-level network slice architecture 300 described in FIG. 3 may be implemented and / or included with the wireless communication system 200 described above with reference to FIG. 2 and may include additional features not described above. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the high-level network slice architecture 300 shown in FIG. 3 may be executed by the device 100 of FIG. 1 including the TN performance monitoring component 180.

[0065] As shown in FIG. 3, the network slice management function (NSMF) 310 may request each domain (e.g., RAN, TN, CN) of the network architecture to create a portion (e.g., a subnet) of the network slice 260 within each network domain. That is, the network slice 260 may be implemented by a combination of the subnets created within each domain of the network to establish a communication path across the communication system. The NSMF 310 may be configured to generate an S-NSSAI that uniquely identifies the network slice 260. Alternatively or additionally, the NSMF 310 may create one or more service profiles that request dedicated resources for the network slice 260 within each network domain. The service profile may be determined according to one or more services to be provided via the network slice 260 and / or a specified performance commitment of the network slice 260.

[0066] In some embodiments, the NSMF 310 may use a Representational State Transfer Application Programming Interface (REST-API) to request each domain to create its respective portion of the network slice 260. Alternatively or additionally, the NSMF 310 may transmit and / or send a message containing a slice creation request to a network element corresponding to each network domain. The disclosure herein is not limited in this respect.

[0067] In some embodiments, the NSMF 310 may send a slice creation request to an access network-network slice subnet management function (AN-NSSMF) 320, such as a RAN path computation element and / or a RAN orchestrator, to create the RAN domain portion of the network slice 260. For example, the slice creation request sent by the NSMF 310 to the AN-NSSMF 320 may include an S-NSSAI that identifies the network slice 260 and / or a service profile determined for the RAN domain 224.

[0068] In response to receiving a slice creation request from the NSMF 310, the AN-NSSMF 320 may allocate one or more resources (e.g., a time period, a frequency range, a bandwidth) of the RAN domain 224 to the network slice 260. That is, the AN-NSSMF 320 may configure one or more base stations 220 of the RAN domain 224 and / or other network elements of the RAN domain 224 to provide a network path between the UE 210 and the transport network 230 in accordance with the performance commitments specified for the network slice 260. Alternatively or additionally, the AN-NSSMF 320 may further allocate RAN resources according to other performance factors, such as, but not limited to, the available processing throughput of the allocated device, latency considerations, the geographic location of the allocated device, and the priority of the service associated with the network slice 260.

[0069] In some embodiments, the NSMF 310 may send a slice creation request to a transport network-network slice subnet management function (TN-NSSMF) 330, such as a network slice controller (NSC) and / or a TN orchestrator, to create the TN domain portion of the network slice 260. For example, the slice creation request sent by the NSMF 310 to the NSC 330 may include an S-NSSAI that identifies the service profile determined for the network slice 260 and / or the TN domain 234.

[0070] As described in co-pending and commonly-owned International Patent Application No. PCT / US2022 / 28951, entitled "TRANSPORT SLICE IDENTIFIER FOR END-TO-END 5G NETWORK SLICING MAPPING," filed May 12, 2022, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, the NSC330 may be configured to generate a transport slice identifier corresponding to the network slice 260 based at least on the S-NSSAI indicated by the slice creation request received from the NSMF310.

[0071] In response to receiving a slice creation request from the NSMF 310, the NSC 330 may compute and / or allocate one or more transport network paths for the network slice 260. For example, the NSC 330 may select the transport network path based at least on the source address indicated by the slice creation request, the destination address indicated by the slice creation request, and / or the network path constraints (e.g., service profile, performance commitments) indicated by the slice creation request. Alternatively or additionally, the NSC 330 may configure one or more network elements of the TN network 230 to provide one or more transport network paths between the RAN domain 224 and the core network 240 in accordance with the performance commitments specified for the network slice 260.

[0072] In some embodiments, the NSMF 310 may send a slice creation request to a core network-network slice subnet management function (CN-NSSMF) 340, such as a CN path computation element and / or a CN orchestrator, to create the CN domain portion of the network slice 260. For example, the slice creation request sent by the NSMF 310 to the CN-NSSMF 340 may include an S-NSSAI that identifies the service profile determined for the network slice 260 and / or the CN domain 244.

[0073] In response to receiving the slice creation request from the NSMF 310, the CN-NSSMF 340 may calculate and / or allocate one or more core network paths for the network slice 260 to provide a network path between the UE 210 and the one or more services indicated by the slice creation request. For example, the CN-NSSMF 340 may select a core network path based at least on the source address indicated by the slice creation request, the destination address indicated by the slice creation request, and / or the network path constraints (e.g., service profile, performance commitments) indicated by the slice creation request. Alternatively or additionally, the CN-NSSMF 340 may configure one or more network elements of the CN network 240 to provide the one or more services indicated by the slice creation request to the UE 210 in accordance with the performance commitments specified for the network slice 260.

[0074] As described above with reference to FIG. 3, each domain (e.g., RAN, TN, CN) in the network architecture may include an independent network slicing management function (e.g., AN-NSSMF 320, NSC 330, CN-NSSMF 340). These management functions may manage their respective portions of the network slice 260 without coordination and / or cooperation between them. As a result, the performance monitoring process may not be able to correlate network usage information (e.g., path, resource, performance) from each domain to present an end-to-end view of the network slice. For example, the RAN domain 224 and / or the CN domain 244 may not be aware of performance and / or SLA violations within the TN domain 234. Such a scenario may be exacerbated if or when multiple RN and / or CN network slices are mapped to a single transport network slice. That is, a single failure in the TN domain 234 may result in communication failure across multiple network slices in the RAN domain 224 and / or the CN domain 244. Therefore, accurate end-to-end network slice performance monitoring and transport path visualization may not be effective.

[0075] Advantageously, aspects described herein may provide a TN performance monitoring component 180 that may be configured to monitor performance of network slices of the TN domain 234 such that end-to-end performance of the network slices may be monitored. The TN performance monitoring component 180 may be further configured to report slice status information of the transport slices to the PMS. As a result, the PMS may perform end-to-end monitoring of network slice performance as well as visualization of the transport network path, thus enabling fault detection and isolation at the individual network slice and / or transport flow level.

[0076] FIG. 4 illustrates an example process for monitoring performance of a network slice in a transport network during network slice creation, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The process 400 illustrated in FIG. 4 may be implemented and / or performed by the NSC 330 described in FIG. 3, which may be hosted by the device 100 described in FIG. 1 and include the TN performance monitoring component 180, which may be an element of the wireless communication system 200 described in FIG. 2. The NSC 330 described in FIG. 4 may include and / or be similar in many respects to the NSC 330 described above with reference to FIG. 3, and may include additional features not described above.

[0077] At operation 432, the NSC 330 may receive a slice creation request. In some embodiments, the slice creation request may be obtained from the NSMF 310 via a REST-API. Alternatively or additionally, the NSMF 310 may send a message including the slice creation request to the NSC 330. The slice creation request may include a global identifier (e.g., S-NSSAI) corresponding to the network slice 260 to be created. The slice creation request may further indicate a source address, a destination address, and network path constraints, such as performance commitments (e.g., SLAs, SLOs, SLEs, SLIs) specified for the network slice 260. The source address may correspond to an ingress transport border router (e.g., an ingress provider edge (PE) 442) connected to the RAN domain 224. The destination address may correspond to an egress transport border router (e.g., an egress PE 446) connected to the CN domain 244.

[0078] In some embodiments, the NSMF 310 may send a slice creation request based on a service request from the UE 420 to obtain access to a particular service.

[0079] The NSC 330 may create the transport network slice 260 based on the slice creation request. Alternatively or additionally, the NSC 330 may generate a transport slice identifier (e.g., a TN-SliceID) corresponding to the network slice 260 based at least on the S-NSSAI indicated by the slice creation request received from the NSMF 310, as described in co-pending and commonly-owned International Patent Application No. PCT / US2022 / 28951, entitled "TRANSPORT SLICE IDENTIFIER FOR END-TO-END 5G NETWORK SLICING MAPPING," filed May 12, 2022, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. For example, the NSC 330 may generate the transport slice identifier using a source address, a destination address, and network path constraints based on a determination whether the S-NSSAI indicated by the slice creation request is within a database containing a mapping between S-NSSAI values ​​and transport slice identifier values. In another example, the NSC 330 may generate a transport slice identifier using the source address and destination address indicated by the slice creation request.

[0080] In some embodiments, NSC330 may compute a transport network path (e.g., transport network subpaths 445A, 445B, and 445C, hereinafter “transport network path 445”) according to the source address, destination address, and network path constraints (e.g., SLA) indicated by the slice creation request. For example, NSC330 may include a path computation engine (not shown) configured to provide a mechanism for transport network slice identification (e.g., transport slice identifier) ​​and a dedicated transport network path database for the transport network path 445 computed for the transport network slice. Alternatively or additionally, the path computation engine may be hosted by a device other than the device hosting NSC330, and thus NSC330 may obtain the transport network path 445 by accessing the path computation engine (not shown).

[0081] In some embodiments, the network path constraints may indicate desired constraints (e.g., low latency, high bandwidth, high reliability) to be met by the computed transport network path 445. The NSC 330 may be configured to assign (associate) the computed transport network path 445 with a transport slice identifier (e.g., TN-Slice-ID) and S-NSSAI indicated by the slice creation request.

[0082] At operation 434, the NSC 330 may send a configuration message to a network device of the transport network 440 (e.g., the ingress PE 442) requesting rendering (e.g., implementation, deployment) of the transport network path 445 computed by the transport network 440. That is, the configuration message may cause the transport network 440 to render the computed transport network path 445 so that the network slice 260 may be implemented according to the slice creation request. In some embodiments, the NSC 330 may send the configuration message to another network device of the transport network 440, such as, for example, a transit node 444A and / or a transit node 444B. In some embodiments, the transport network 440 may include an SRv6 underlay to provide configurable connectivity and implement the transport network path 445.

[0083] In some embodiments, the NSC 330 may send configuration messages using PCEP. That is, the configuration messages may be PCEP configuration messages, such as, but not limited to, a PCEP initialization message (e.g., the PCInit message 610 of FIG. 6) and / or a PCEP update message (e.g., the PCUpd message 620 of FIG. 6). Alternatively or additionally, the PCEP configuration messages may be extended to include slice objects, as shown in FIG. 6. For example, the associated PCInit message may typically include a PCEP header, a label switched path (LSP) object, and a segment routing IPv6 (SRv6) explicit route object (ERO) path. In some embodiments, the SRv6 ERO path of the PCInit message may include the computed transport network path 445 to be rendered by the transport network 450. Alternatively or additionally, the SRv6 ERO path of the PCInit message may include a TN-Slice ID that identifies the transport network path 445 indicated by the SRv6 ERO path field.

[0084] The PCInit message 610 may be extended to further include a slice object, as shown in FIG. 6. The slice object may include a slice ID field containing a transport network slice identifier (e.g., TN-SliceID) and a slice status field. The slice status field may indicate whether the transport network slice is up, whether the SLA of the transport network slice is met, and whether the transport network slice is down. Alternatively or additionally, the slice status field may indicate a request to provide a status update of the transport network slice to the network device.

[0085] In some embodiments, the slice status field may include a first subfield (e.g., a first bit) indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state. For example, the first subfield may be set to a particular value (e.g., "1") to indicate that the transport network slice is in an up state. In some embodiments, the transport network may be determined to be in an up state based on a packet drop rate of the transport network. That is, the transport network may be determined to be in an up state if or when a packet drop rate of the transport network is less than or equal to a first packet drop rate threshold (e.g., 10%).

[0086] In some embodiments, the slice status field may include a second subfield (e.g., a second bit) indicating whether the SLA of the transport network slice is met. For example, the second subfield may be set to a particular value (e.g., “1”) to indicate that the SLA of the transport network slice is met, and / or may be set to another value (e.g., “0”) to indicate that the SLA of the transport network slice is violated (e.g., not met). The SLA of the transport network slice may be determined to be met if or when a performance criterion specified by the SLA is met. For example, if or when the SLA requires that latency not exceed a particular threshold, determining whether the SLA of the transport network slice is met may be based at least on whether the latency value of the transport network slice exceeds the particular threshold. Alternatively or additionally, if or when the SLA requires a maximum PDV, determining whether the SLA of the transport network slice is met may be based at least on whether the PDV value of the transport network slice exceeds a specified maximum PDV. In another example, if or when the SLA requires that the PDV value remain stable (e.g., the fluctuations are constant), determining whether the SLA of the transport network slice is met may be based at least on whether the PDV value of the transport network slice remains stable. In another example, if or when the SLA requires a maximum packet drop rate (e.g., 0% of packets are dropped), determining whether the SLA of the transport network slice is met may be based at least on whether the packet drop rate of the transport network slice is less than or equal to a specified maximum packet drop rate.

[0087] In some embodiments, the slice status field may include a third subfield (e.g., a third bit) indicating whether the transport network slice is in a down state. For example, the third subfield may be set to a particular value (e.g., "1") to indicate that the transport network slice is in a down state. In some embodiments, the transport network may be determined to be in a down state based on a packet drop rate of the transport network. That is, the transport network may be determined to be in a down state if or when a packet drop rate of the transport network is greater than or equal to a second packet drop rate threshold (e.g., 100%).

[0088] That is, the slice status field may indicate that the transport network slice is up and the SLA is met if or when the first ("up") subfield is set to "1", the second ("SLA") subfield is set to "1", and the third ("down") subfield is set to "0". Alternatively or additionally, the slice status field may indicate that the transport network slice is up and the SLA is violated (e.g., not met) if or when the first ("up") subfield is set to "1", the second ("SLA") subfield is set to "0", and the third ("down") subfield is set to "0". In another example, the slice status field may indicate that the transport network slice is down if or when the first ("up") subfield is set to "0", the second ("SLA") subfield is set to "0", and the third ("down") subfield is set to "1".

[0089] Alternatively or additionally, the slice status field may indicate whether a status update is requested. In some embodiments, the slice status field may indicate whether a status update is requested based on a particular combination of values ​​(e.g., empty state values) set in the first, second, and third subfields. For example, the first, second, and third subfields may be set to the same value (e.g., "0") to indicate that a status update is requested. In other optional or additional embodiments, the slice status field may include a fourth subfield (e.g., a fourth bit not shown) to indicate whether a status update is requested.

[0090] Continuing with reference to FIG. 6, PCEP update messages (e.g., PCUpd message 620) and PCEP report messages (e.g., PCRpt message 630) may be extended in a manner similar to that described above with reference to the PCInit message 610.

[0091] 4 , in operation 436, the ingress PE 442 may render a computed transport network path 445 indicated by the configuration message received from the NSC 330. For example, in response to the configuration message, the ingress PE 442 may establish a connection with the RAN network 224, may configure a first transport network sub-path 445A between the ingress PE 442 and a transit node 444A, may configure a second transport network sub-path 445B between the first transit node 444A and a second transit node 444B, may configure a third transport network sub-path 445C between the second transit node 444B and the egress PE 446, and may configure the egress PE 446 to establish a connection with the core network 240. That is, the ingress PE 442 may configure the transport network 440 to implement the computed transport network path 445.

[0092] It will be appreciated that the exemplary transport network path 445 shown in FIG. 4 is only one example of a nearly infinite number of possible transport network paths, and that the ingress PE 442 may configure the transport network 440 with any other possible transport network path without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0093] The ingress PE 442 may be further configured to obtain slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is up, whether the SLA of the transport network slice is met, and whether the transport network slice is down. In some embodiments, the ingress PE 442 may send one or more messages to one or more network devices of the transport network 440 implementing the transport network path 445, requesting status information related to the transport network slice. For example, the ingress PE 442 may send at least one message requesting status information related to the transport network slice to each of the transit node 444A, the transit node 444B, and the egress PE 446. The status information may indicate whether each portion of the transport network path 445 (e.g., the transport network sub-paths 445A-C) and the connections to the RAN network 224 and the core network 240 are up, down, or whether path restrictions are met.

[0094] In some embodiments, the ingress PE 442 may send one or more segment routing performance monitoring (SR-PM) messages 447 to one or more network devices of the transport network 440. The SR-PM messages may be configured to request status information related to a transport network slice. In response, the ingress PE 442 may receive responses to the one or more SR-PM messages from one or more other network devices that include the first slice status information.

[0095] In some embodiments, the ingress PE 442 may obtain performance information from one or more network devices of the transport network 440, such as, but not limited to, latency, packet drop rate, and PDV (e.g., jitter). The ingress PE 442 may be configured to determine whether the SLA of the transport network slice is met based on the performance information obtained from the one or more network devices of the transport network 440. For example, if or when the SLA requires that latency not exceed a particular threshold, the ingress PE 442 may determine whether the SLA of the transport network slice is met based at least on whether the obtained latency value exceeds the particular threshold. Alternatively or additionally, if or when the SLA requires a maximum PDV, the ingress PE 442 may determine whether the SLA of the transport network slice is met based at least on whether the obtained PDV value exceeds a specified maximum PDV. In another example, if or when the SLA requires that the PDV value remain stable (e.g., the fluctuations are constant), the ingress PE 442 may determine whether the SLA of the transport network slice is met based at least on whether the obtained PDV value remains stable. In another example, if or when the SLA requires a maximum packet drop rate (e.g., 0% of packets are dropped), the ingress PE 442 may determine whether the SLA of the transport network slice is met based at least on whether the packet drop rate is less than or equal to a specified maximum packet drop rate.

[0096] In some embodiments, the ingress PE 442 may determine whether the transport network slice is in an up state or a down state based on a packet drop rate of the transport network slice. For example, the ingress PE 442 may determine that the transport network slice is in an up state if or when the packet drop rate of the transport network slice is less than or equal to a first packet drop rate threshold (e.g., 10%). Alternatively or additionally, the ingress PE 442 may determine that the transport network slice is in a down state if or when the packet drop rate of the transport network slice is greater than or equal to a second packet drop rate threshold (e.g., 100%).

[0097] In operation 436, the ingress PE 442 may send a report message to the NSC 330 including slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is up, whether the SLA of the transport network slice is met, and whether the transport network slice is down. For example, the ingress PE 442 may use the PCEP to send a PCRpt message 630 as shown in FIG. 6, which has been extended to include a slice object that identifies the transport network slice (e.g., TN-slice ID) and indicates the slice status of the transport network slice.

[0098] That is, in operation 436, NSC330 may receive from ingress PE442 (and / or another network device in transport network 440) an extended PCEP report message (e.g., PCRpt message 630) that includes slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is up, whether the SLA of the transport network slice is met, and whether the transport network slice is down.

[0099] In operation 438, the NSC 330 may report the slice status information to the PMS 450. In some embodiments, the slice status information may be published and / or provided to the PMS 450 via a REST API. Alternatively or additionally, the NSC 330 may report the slice status information to the NSMF 310. In some embodiments, the slice status information may be published and / or provided to the NSMF 310 via a REST API. Alternatively or additionally, the NSC 330 may report the slice status information to the RAN network 220 and / or the core network 240. In some embodiments, the slice status information may be published and / or provided to the RAN network 220 and / or the core network 240 via a REST API.

[0100] In some embodiments, the PMS 450 may be deployed in an operator network and configured to correlate network usage information (e.g., path, resource, performance) from each of the network slice architecture domains (e.g., RAN, TN, CN) to present an end-to-end view of the network slice 260. Alternatively or additionally, the PMS 450 may further use information provided by each of the network slice architecture domains to provide visualization of the end-to-end network slice path. In some embodiments, the PMS 450 may utilize the BGP-LS protocol to obtain information (e.g., configuration, status, performance) of the transport domain 234 to create the path visualization.

[0101] For example, as shown in FIG. 4, based on example mapping information, the PMS 450 may present a virtual central unit (v-CU) 454 in the RAN domain 224 that is communicatively connected (e.g., coupled) to a user plane function (UPF) 458 via a transport path 456. Alternatively or additionally, the PMS 450 may present performance and / or status information of the transport network slice 456 based on slice status information reported to the NSC 330.

[0102] It will be understood that the exemplary network slice configuration presented by PMS 450 as shown in FIG. 4 is only one example of a nearly infinite number of possible network slice configurations, and that PMS 450 may present any other possible network slice configuration without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0103] The number and arrangement of components shown in Figure 4 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged components than those shown in Figure 4. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Figure 4 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Figure 4 may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, a set of components (e.g., one or more components) shown in Figure 4 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Figures 1-4.

[0104] 4 illustrates one example approach. It will be understood that the specific order, amount, and / or arrangement of operations in process 400 can be rearranged based on design preferences. Additionally, some operations may be added, combined, or omitted.

[0105] Advantageously, aspects described herein may provide a TN performance monitoring component 180 that may be configured to monitor performance of network slices of the TN domain 234 such that end-to-end performance of the network slices may be monitored. The TN performance monitoring component 180 may be further configured to report slice status information of the transport slices to the PMS 450 and the NSMF 310. As a result, the PMS 450 may perform end-to-end monitoring of network slice performance as well as visualization of the transport network path, thus enabling fault detection and isolation at the individual network slice and / or transport flow level.

[0106]

[0031] Figure 5 illustrates an example process for monitoring performance of network slices in a transport network during changes in network topology, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The process 500 illustrated in Figure 5 may be implemented and / or performed by the NSC 330 described in Figures 3 and 4, which may be hosted by the device 100 described in Figure 1 and include the TN performance monitoring component 180, which may be an element of the wireless communication system 200 described in Figure 2. The NSC 330 described in Figure 5 may include and / or be similar in many respects to the NSC 330 described above with reference to Figures 3 and 4, and may include additional features not described above.

[0107] At operation 532, NSC 330 may receive network topology changes from transport network 540. For example, NSC 330 may receive information indicating one or more network topology changes for transport network 540 via at least one border gateway protocol link state (BGP-LS) message. That is, network topology changes to transport network 540 may be propagated to NSC 330 via BGP-LS messages.

[0108] The NSC 330 may identify whether a change in the network topology affects and / or impacts any of the transport network slices maintained by the NSC 330. For example, the NSC 330 may search a transport slice path mapping database (not shown) that indicates a relationship (e.g., a correspondence) between a transport network slice identifier (e.g., TN-Slice-ID) and a network path identifier of a transport network path (e.g., network path 445, network path 545) assigned to the transport network slice, as described in co-pending and commonly-owned International Patent Application No. PCT / US2022 / 28951, entitled "TRANSPORT SLICE IDENTIFIER FOR END-TO-END 5G NETWORK SLICING MAPPING," filed May 12, 2022, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. For example, the network path identifier may correspond to an entry in an SRv6 Transport Element Database (SRv6TE-DB) of the transport network 540 that defines the configuration of the transport network path assigned to the transport network slice.

[0109] In some embodiments, the NSC 330 may be configured to recalculate (eg, update) the transport network path 545 based on changes in the network topology.

[0110] At operation 534, NSC 330 may send an update message to a network device of transport network 540 (e.g., ingress PE 542) requesting an update (e.g., implementation, deployment) of the transport network path 545 computed by transport network 540. That is, the update message may cause transport network 540 to update the computed transport network path 545 based on changes in the network topology. In some embodiments, NSC 330 may send the update message to another network device of transport network 540, such as, for example, transit node 544A and / or transit node 544B.

[0111] In some embodiments, the NSC 330 may send the update message using PCEP. That is, the update message may be a PCEP update message, such as, but not limited to, an extended PCEP update message (e.g., PCUpd message 620 of FIG. 6). Alternatively or additionally, the PCEP update message may be extended to include a slice object, as shown in FIG. 6 and described above with reference to FIG. 4. In some embodiments, the SRv6 ERO path of the PCUpd message may include the updated transport network path 545 to be rendered by the transport network 540.

[0112] At operation 536, the ingress PE 542 may render (e.g., reconfigure) the updated transport network path 545 indicated by the update message received from the NSC 330. For example, in response to the update message, the ingress PE 542 may reconfigure a connection with the RAN network 224, may reconfigure a first transport network sub-path 545A between the ingress PE 542 and the transit node 544A, may reconfigure a second transport network sub-path 545B between the first transit node 544A and the second transit node 544B, may reconfigure a third transport network sub-path 545C between the second transit node 544B and the egress PE 546, or may reconfigure a connection between the egress PE 546 and the core network 240. That is, the ingress PE 542 may reconfigure the transport network 540 to implement the updated transport network path 545.

[0113] It will be appreciated that the exemplary transport network path 545 shown in FIG. 5 is only one example of a nearly infinite number of possible transport network paths, and that the ingress PE 542 may configure the transport network 540 with any other possible transport network path without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0114] The ingress PE 542 may be further configured to obtain slice status information indicating whether the reconfigured transport network slice is up, whether the SLA of the transport network slice is met, and whether the transport network slice is down. In some embodiments, the ingress PE 542 may send one or more messages to one or more network devices of the transport network 540 implementing the transport network path 545, requesting status information related to the transport network slice. For example, the ingress PE 542 may send at least one message requesting status information related to the updated transport network slice to each of the transit node 544A, the transit node 544B, and the egress PE 546. The status information may indicate whether each portion of the updated transport network path 545 (e.g., the transport network sub-paths 545A-C) and the connections to the RAN network 224 and the core network 240 are up, down, or whether path restrictions are met.

[0115] In some embodiments, the ingress PE 542 may send one or more segment routing performance monitoring (SR-PM) messages 547 to one or more network devices of the transport network 540. The SR-PM messages may be configured to request status information related to the transport network slices. In response, the ingress PE 542 may receive responses to the one or more SR-PM messages from one or more other network devices that include the first slice status information.

[0116] In some embodiments, the ingress PE 542 may obtain performance information, such as, but not limited to, latency, packet drop rate, and packet delay variation, from one or more network devices of the transport network 540. The ingress PE 542 may be configured to determine whether an SLA for the transport network slice is satisfied based on the performance information obtained from one or more network devices of the transport network 440. For example, if or when the SLA requires that the latency not exceed a particular threshold, the ingress PE 542 may determine whether the obtained latency value exceeds a particular threshold.

[0117] 5, the first transport network subpath 545A may exhibit a violation. That is, the first transport network subpath 545A may be down or may not meet the SLA of the transport network slice. Accordingly, the ingress PE 542 may obtain slice status information indicating that the transport network slice is down or that the SLA of the transport network slice is not met.

[0118] In operation 536, the ingress PE 542 may send a report message to the NSC 330 including slice status information indicating that the SLA of the transport network slice is not being met or that the transport network slice is in a down state. For example, the ingress PE 542 may use PCEP to send a PCRpt message 630 as shown in FIG. 6, which has been extended to include a slice object that identifies the transport network slice (e.g., TN-slice ID) and indicates the slice status of the transport network slice.

[0119] That is, in operation 536, NSC330 may receive from ingress PE542 (and / or another network device in transport network 540) an extended PCEP report message (e.g., PCRpt message 630) that includes slice status information indicating that the SLA of the transport network slice is not being met or that the transport network slice is in a down state.

[0120] In operation 538, the NSC 330 may report the updated slice status information to the PMS 450. In some embodiments, the slice status information may be published and / or provided to the PMS 450 via a REST-API. Alternatively or additionally, the NSC 330 may report the slice status information to the NSMF 310. In some embodiments, the slice status information may be published and / or provided to the NSMF 310 via a REST-API.

[0121] In some embodiments, the PMS 450 may be configured to correlate network usage information (e.g., path, resource, performance) from each of the network slice architecture domains (e.g., RAN, TN, CN) to present an end-to-end view of the network slice 260. Alternatively or additionally, the PMS 450 may further use information provided by each of the network slice architecture domains to provide visualization of the end-to-end network slice path. In some embodiments, the PMS 450 may utilize the BGP-LS protocol to obtain information (e.g., configuration, status, performance) of the transport domain 234 to create the path visualization.

[0122] 5, based on example mapping information, the PMS 450 may present a virtual central unit (v-CU) 554 in the RAN domain 224 that is communicatively connected (e.g., coupled) to a user plane function (UPF) 558 via a transport path 556. Alternatively or additionally, the PMS 450 may present performance and / or status information of the transport network slice 556 based on slice status information reported to the NSC 330. For example, the PMS 450 may present that the transport path 556 does not meet SLA constraints or that the path is down based on the slice status information provided by the NSC 330.

[0123] It will be understood that the exemplary network slice configuration presented by PMS 450 as shown in FIG. 5 is only one example of a nearly infinite number of possible network slice configurations, and that PMS 450 may present any other possible network slice configuration without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0124] The number and arrangement of components shown in Figure 5 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged components than those shown in Figure 5. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Figure 5 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Figure 5 may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, a set of components (e.g., one or more components) shown in Figure 5 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Figures 1-5.

[0125] 5 illustrates one example approach. It will be understood that the specific order, amount, and / or arrangement of operations in process 500 can be rearranged based on design preferences. Additionally, some operations may be added, combined, or omitted.

[0126] Advantageously, aspects described herein may provide a TN performance monitoring component 180 that may be configured to monitor the performance of network slices of a TN domain 234 such that the end-to-end performance of the network slices may be monitored during changes in the network topology. The TN performance monitoring component 180 may be further configured to report slice status information of the transport slices to the PMS 450 and the NSMF 310. As a result, the PMS 450 may perform end-to-end monitoring of network slice performance as well as visualization of the transport network path, thus enabling fault detection and isolation at the individual network slice and / or transport flow level.

[0127] 7 is a block diagram of an example network controller 700 for monitoring performance of network slices in a transport network. The apparatus 700 may be or may include a computing device (e.g., device 100 of FIG. 1, NSC 330 of FIGS. 3-5). In some embodiments, the apparatus 700 may include a receiving component 702 configured to receive communications (e.g., wired, wireless) from another device (e.g., device 708), a TN controller performance monitoring component 182 configured to monitor performance of network slices in the transport network, and a transmitting component 706 configured to transmit communications (e.g., wired, wireless) to another device (e.g., device 708). The components of the apparatus 700 may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses or electrical connections). As shown in FIG. 7, the device 700 may communicate with another device 708 (e.g., the PMS 450, the ingress PE 442, the ingress PE 542, a database, a server, or another computing device of FIGS. 4 and 5) using a receiving component 702 and / or a transmitting component 706.

[0128] In some embodiments, apparatus 700 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figures 1-6. Alternatively or additionally, apparatus 700 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as method 800 of Figure 8. In some embodiments, apparatus 700 may include one or more components of device 100 described above in connection with Figures 1-6.

[0129] The receiving component 702 may receive communications, such as control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the device 708 (e.g., the PMS 450, the ingress PE 442, or the ingress PE 542 of FIGS. 4 and 5 ). The receiving component 702 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 700, such as the TN controller performance monitoring component 182. In some aspects, the receiving component 702 may perform signal processing on the received communications and provide the processed signals to one or more other components. In some embodiments, the receiving component 702 may include one or more antennas, a receive processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the device 100 described above with reference to FIG. 1 .

[0130] The transmitting component 706 may transmit communications, such as control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the device 708 (e.g., PMS 450, ingress PE 442, ingress PE 542 of FIGS. 4 and 5 ). In some embodiments, the TN controller performance monitoring component 182 may generate a communication and transmit the generated communication to the transmitting component 706 for transmission to the device 708. In some embodiments, the transmitting component 706 may perform signal processing on the generated communication and transmit the processed signal to the device 708. In other embodiments, the transmitting component 706 may include one or more antennas, a transmit processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the device 100 described above with reference to FIG. 1 . In some embodiments, the transmitting component 706 may be co-located with the receiving component 702, such as within a transceiver and / or transceiver component.

[0131] The TN controller performance monitoring component 182 may be configured to monitor the performance of network slices in a transport network. In some embodiments, the TN controller performance monitoring component 182 may include a set of components, such as a sending component 710 configured to send PCEP configuration messages requesting status updates of transport network slices, a receiving component 720 configured to receive PCEP report messages indicating slice status information of the transport network slices, and a reporting component 630 configured to report the slice status information to a PMS.

[0132] Alternatively or additionally, the TN controller performance monitoring component 182 may further include a creation component 740 configured to create a transport network slice, a calculation component 750 configured to calculate a transport network path, an assignment component 760 configured to assign the transport network path to the transport network slice, and an update component 770 configured to update the transport network path based on changes in the network topology.

[0133] In some embodiments, the suite of components may be separate and distinct from TN controller performance monitoring component 182. In other embodiments, one or more components of the suite of components may include or be implemented within a controller / processor (e.g., processor 120), a memory (e.g., memory 130), or a combination thereof, of device 100 described above with reference to FIG. 1 . Alternatively or additionally, one or more components of the suite of components may be implemented, at least in part, as software stored in a memory, such as memory 130. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as computer-executable instructions or code stored in a computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable medium) and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0134] The number and arrangement of components shown in Figure 7 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged components than those shown in Figure 7. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Figure 7 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Figure 7 may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, a set of components (e.g., one or more components) shown in Figure 7 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Figure 1.

[0135] 8, during operation, network controller 700 may perform method 800 for monitoring performance of network slices in a transport network by the network controller. Method 800 may be performed by device 100 (which may include memory 130, and may be device 100 as a whole and / or one or more components of device 100, such as processor 120, input component 150, output component 160, communication interface 170, and / or TN controller performance monitoring component 182). Method 800 may be performed by TN controller performance monitoring component 182 in communication with apparatus 708 (e.g., PMS 450, ingress PE 442, ingress PE 542 of FIGS. 4 and 5 ).

[0136] 8, method 800 may include sending a PCEP configuration message to a network device of the transport network using PCEP, the PCEP configuration message requesting rendering of the transport network path 445 assigned to the transport network slice, the PCEP configuration message including a transport network slice identifier corresponding to the transport network slice and a slice status request requesting that the network device provide a status update of the transport network slice. For example, in an embodiment, device 100, TN performance monitoring component 180, network controller 700, TN controller performance monitoring component 182, and / or transmitting component 710 may be configured to or may include means for sending a PCEP configuration message to a network device of the transport network 440 using PCEP, the PCEP configuration message requesting rendering of the transport network path 445 assigned to the transport network slice, the PCEP configuration message including a transport network slice identifier corresponding to the transport network slice and a slice status request requesting that the network device provide a status update of the transport network slice.

[0137] For example, in block 802, sending may include sending an extended PCEP PCInit message 610 and / or an extended PCEP PCUpd message 620 to the network device, as described above with reference to Figure 4. The extended PCEP message may include a slice object including a transport network slice identifier corresponding to the transport network slice and a slice status request requesting that the network device provide a status update of the transport network slice, as described above with reference to Figures 4 and 6.

[0138] In some embodiments, in block 802, transmitting may include transmitting the PCEP configuration message to an ingress PE 442 of the transport network path 445. Alternatively or additionally, in block 802, transmitting may include transmitting the PCEP configuration message to one or more network devices of the transport network 440, such as transit node 444A and transit node 444B.

[0139] Further, for example, in block 802, transmitting may be performed to initiate creation of a network slice associated with a slice identifier that can be used to monitor performance and / or status of a transport domain portion of the network slice.

[0140] 8, method 800 may include receiving a first PCEP report message from the network device, the first PCEP report message including first slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether the SLA of the transport network slice is met, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state. For example, in an embodiment, device 100, TN performance monitoring component 180, network controller 700, TN controller performance monitoring component 182, and / or receiving component 720 may be configured to include or may include means for receiving a first PCEP report message 630 from the network device, the first slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether the SLA of the transport network slice is met, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state.

[0141] For example, receiving in block 804 may include receiving an extended PCEP PCRpt message 630 from the network device, as described above with reference to FIGS.

[0142] In some embodiments, in block 804, receiving may include receiving first slice status information determined according to one or more SR-PM messages received from one or more other network devices rendering the transport network path 445. The one or more other network devices may include a transit node 444A, a transit node 444B, and an egress PE 446.

[0143] Further, for example, in block 804, receiving may be performed to monitor performance of the network slice of the TN domain 234 such that end-to-end performance of the network slice may be monitored. As a result, the PMS 450 may perform end-to-end monitoring of network slice performance as well as visualization of the transport network path, thus enabling fault detection and isolation at the individual network slice and / or transport flow level.

[0144] 8, the method 800 may include reporting the first slice status information of the transport network slice to the PMS. For example, in an embodiment, the device 100, the TN performance monitoring component 180, the network controller 700, the TN controller performance monitoring component 182, and / or the reporting component 730 may be configured to include or may include means for reporting the first slice status information of the transport network slice to the PMS 450.

[0145] For example, in block 806, reporting may include reporting the first slice status information to the PMS via a first REST-API, as described above with reference to FIG.

[0146] In some embodiments, in block 806, reporting may include reporting the first slice status information of the transport network slice to the network slice management controller 310. Alternatively or additionally, reporting the first slice status information to the network slice management controller 310 may include reporting the first slice status information to the network slice management controller 310 via a second REST-API.

[0147] Further, for example, in block 806, reporting may be performed to report slice status information of the transport slice to PMS 450. As a result, PMS 450 may perform end-to-end monitoring of network slice performance and visualization of the transport network path, thus enabling fault detection and isolation at the individual network slice and / or transport flow level.

[0148] In an optional or additional embodiment that may be combined with any other embodiment, the method 800 may further include receiving a network slice creation request from the network slice management controller 310, the network slice creation request including a source address, a destination address, and an SLA. For example, in an embodiment, the device 100, the TN performance monitoring component 180, the network controller 700, the TN controller performance monitoring component 182, and / or the receiving component 720 may be configured to include or may include means for receiving the network slice creation request from the network slice management controller 310, the network slice creation request including the source address, the destination address, and the SLA. Alternatively or additionally, receiving the network slice creation request may include receiving the network slice creation request via a REST-API.

[0149] In these optional or additional embodiments, method 800 may further include creating a transport network slice based on the network slice creation request. For example, in an embodiment, device 100, TN performance monitoring component 180, network controller 700, TN controller performance monitoring component 182, and / or creation component 740 may be configured to or may include means for creating a transport network slice based on the network slice creation request.

[0150] In these optional or additional embodiments, method 800 may further include calculating a transport network path according to the source address, the destination address, and the SLA. For example, in one embodiment, device 100, TN performance monitoring component 180, network controller 700, TN controller performance monitoring component 182, and / or calculation component 750 may be configured to include or may include means for calculating a transport network path according to the source address, the destination address, and the SLA.

[0151] In these optional or additional embodiments, method 800 may further include assigning the transport network path to a transport network slice. For example, in an embodiment, device 100, TN performance monitoring component 180, network controller 700, TN controller performance monitoring component 182, and / or assignment component 770 may be configured to or may include means for assigning the transport network path to a transport network slice.

[0152] In other optional or additional embodiments that may be combined with any other embodiments, method 800 may include receiving information indicative of one or more network topology changes via at least one BGP-LS message. For example, in one embodiment, device 100, TN performance monitoring component 180, network controller 700, TN controller performance monitoring component 182, and / or receiving component 720 may be configured to include or may include means for receiving information indicative of one or more network topology changes via at least one BGP-LS message.

[0153] In these optional or additional embodiments, method 800 may further include updating the transport network path based on one or more network topology changes to obtain an updated transport network path. For example, in one embodiment, device 100, TN performance monitoring component 180, network controller 700, TN controller performance monitoring component 182, and / or update component 770 may be configured to include or may include means for updating the transport network path based on one or more network topology changes to obtain an updated transport network path.

[0154] In these optional or additional embodiments, method 800 may further include sending a PCEP update message to the network device, the PCEP update message including the updated transport network path and another slice status request. For example, in one embodiment, device 100, TN performance monitoring component 180, network controller 700, TN controller performance monitoring component 182, and / or transmitting component 710 may be configured to include or may include means for sending a PCEP update message to the network device, the PCEP update message including the updated transport network path and another slice status request.

[0155] In these optional or additional embodiments, method 800 may further include receiving a second PCEP report message from the network device, the second PCEP report message including second slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether the SLA of the transport network slice is being met, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state. For example, in one embodiment, device 100, TN performance monitoring component 180, network controller 700, TN controller performance monitoring component 182, and / or receiving component 720 may be configured to include or may include means for receiving a second PCEP report message from the network device, the second slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether the SLA of the transport network slice is being met, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state.

[0156] In these optional or additional embodiments, method 800 may further include reporting the second slice status information of the transport network slice to a PMS. For example, in an embodiment, device 100, TN performance monitoring component 180, network controller 700, TN controller performance monitoring component 182, and / or reporting component 730 may be configured to include or may include means for reporting the second slice status information of the transport network slice to a PMS.

[0157] FIG. 9 is a block diagram of an example network device 900 for monitoring performance of a network slice in a transport network. The device 900 may be or may include a computing device (e.g., device 100 of FIG. 1, ingress PE 542 of FIG. 5). In some embodiments, the device 900 may include a receiving component 902 configured to receive a communication (e.g., wired, wireless) from another device (e.g., device 908), a TN device performance monitoring component 184 configured to monitor performance of a network slice in the transport network, and a transmitting component 906 configured to transmit the communication (e.g., wired, wireless) to the other device (e.g., device 908). The components of the device 900 may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses or electrical connections). As illustrated in FIG. 9, the device 900 may be in communication with another device 908 (e.g., NSC 330 of FIGS. 4 and 5, a database, a server, or another computing device) using the receiving component 902 and / or the transmitting component 906.

[0158] In some embodiments, apparatus 900 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figures 1-6. Alternatively or additionally, apparatus 900 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as method 1000 of Figure 10. In some embodiments, apparatus 900 may include one or more components of device 100 described above in connection with Figures 1-6.

[0159] The receiving component 902 may receive communications, such as control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the device 908 (e.g., the NSC 330 of FIGS. 4 and 5 ). The receiving component 902 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 900, such as the TN device performance monitoring component 184. In some aspects, the receiving component 902 may perform signal processing on the received communications and provide the processed signals to one or more other components. In some embodiments, the receiving component 902 may include one or more antennas, a receive processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the device 100 described above with reference to FIG. 1 .

[0160] The transmitting component 906 may transmit communications, such as control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the device 908 (e.g., the NSC 330 of FIGS. 4 and 5). In some embodiments, the TN device performance monitoring component 184 may generate a communication and transmit the generated communication to the transmitting component 906 for transmission to the device 908. In some embodiments, the transmitting component 906 may perform signal processing on the generated communication and transmit the processed signal to the device 908. In other embodiments, the transmitting component 906 may include one or more antennas, a transmit processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the device 100 described above with reference to FIG. 1. In some embodiments, the transmitting component 906 may be co-located with the receiving component 902, such as within a transceiver and / or transceiver component.

[0161] The TN device performance monitoring component 184 may be configured to monitor the performance of network slices in a transport network. In some embodiments, the TN device performance monitoring component 184 may include a set of components, such as a receiving component 910 configured to receive PCEP configuration messages requesting status updates of transport network slices, a rendering component 920 configured to render transport network paths, an obtaining component 930 configured to obtain slice status information, and a transmitting component 940 configured to transmit PCEP report messages having slice status information.

[0162] Alternatively or additionally, the TN device performance monitoring component 184 may further include a reconfiguration component 950 configured to reconfigure at least one network device.

[0163] In some embodiments, the suite of components may be separate and distinct from TN device performance monitoring component 184. In other embodiments, one or more components of the suite of components may include or be implemented within a controller / processor (e.g., processor 120), a memory (e.g., memory 130), or a combination thereof, of device 100 described above with reference to FIG. 1 . Alternatively or additionally, one or more components of the suite of components may be implemented, at least in part, as software stored in a memory, such as memory 130. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as computer-executable instructions or code stored in a computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable medium) and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0164] The number and arrangement of components shown in Figure 9 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged components than those shown in Figure 9. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Figure 9 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Figure 9 may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, a set of components (e.g., one or more components) shown in Figure 9 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Figure 1.

[0165] 10 , during operation, the network device 900 may perform a method 1000 for monitoring performance of a network slice in a transport network by the network device. The method 1000 may be performed by the device 100 (which may include memory 130, and may be the entire device 100 and / or one or more components of the device 100, such as the processor 120, the input component 150, the output component 160, the communication interface 170, and / or the TN device performance monitoring component 184). The method 1000 may be performed by the TN device performance monitoring component 184 in communication with the apparatus 908 (e.g., the NSC 330 of FIGS. 4 and 5 ).

[0166] 10, at block 1002, method 1000 may include receiving a PCEP configuration message from a network controller using PCEP, requesting rendering of a transport network path assigned to a transport network slice, the PCEP configuration message including a transport network slice identifier corresponding to the transport network slice and a slice status request requesting that the network device provide a status update for the transport network slice. For example, in one embodiment, device 100, TN performance monitoring component 180, network device 900, TN device performance monitoring component 184, and / or receiving component 910 may be configured to or may include means for receiving a PCEP configuration message from a network controller using PCEP, requesting rendering of a transport network path assigned to a transport network slice, the PCEP configuration message including a transport network slice identifier corresponding to the transport network slice and a slice status request requesting that the network device provide a status update for the transport network slice.

[0167] For example, in block 1002, receiving may include receiving an extended PCEP PCInit message 610 and / or an extended PCEP PCUpd message 620 from the NSC 330, as described above with reference to Figure 4. The extended PCEP message may include a slice object including a transport network slice identifier corresponding to the transport network slice and a slice status request requesting that the network device provide a status update of the transport network slice, as described above with reference to Figures 4 and 6.

[0168] In some embodiments, the network device of the transport network 440 is an ingress PE 422 device of the transport network path 445 .

[0169] Further, for example, in block 1002, receiving may be performed to initiate creation of a network slice associated with a slice identifier that can be used to monitor performance and / or status of a transport domain portion of the network slice.

[0170] 10, method 1000 may include rendering the transport network path using one or more other network devices of the transport network. For example, in an embodiment, device 100, TN performance monitoring component 180, network device 900, TN device performance monitoring component 184, and / or rendering component 920 may be configured to include or may include means for rendering the transport network path using one or more other network devices of the transport network.

[0171] For example, in block 1004, the rendering may include rendering the computed transport network path 445 indicated by the configuration message received from the NSC 330, as described above with reference to Figure 4. Further, for example, in block 1004, the rendering may be performed to configure the transport network 440 to implement the transport network slice indicated by the PCEP configuration message.

[0172] 10, method 1000 may include obtaining, from one or more other network devices, first slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether the SLA of the transport network slice is being met, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state. For example, in an embodiment, device 100, TN performance monitoring component 180, network device 900, TN device performance monitoring component 184, and / or obtaining component 930 may be configured to include or may include means for obtaining, from one or more other network devices, first slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether the SLA of the transport network slice is being met, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state.

[0173] For example, in block 1006, obtaining may include sending one or more SR-PM messages to one or more other network devices, as described above with reference to Figure 4. In block 1006, obtaining may further include receiving responses to the one or more SR-PM messages from the one or more other network devices, the responses including the first slice status information, as described above with reference to Figure 4.

[0174] Further, for example, in block 1006, acquiring may be performed to monitor performance of the network slices of the TN domain 234 such that end-to-end performance of the network slices may be monitored. As a result, the PMS 450 may perform end-to-end monitoring of network slice performance as well as visualization of the transport network path, thus enabling fault detection and isolation at the individual network slice and / or transport flow level.

[0175] 10, method 1000 may include transmitting a first PCEP report message to a network controller, the first PCEP report message including the first slice status information. For example, in an embodiment, device 100, TN performance monitoring component 180, network device 900, TN device performance monitoring component 184, and / or transmitting component 940 may be configured to or may include means for transmitting a first PCEP report message to a network controller, the first PCEP report message including the first slice status information.

[0176] For example, in block 1008, transmitting may include transmitting using PCEP a PCRpt message 630 as shown in FIG. 6, extended to include a slice object that identifies the transport network slice (e.g., TN-slice ID) and indicates the slice status of the transport network slice, as described above with reference to FIG. 4.

[0177] Further, for example, in block 1008, transmitting may be performed to report slice status information of the transport slice. As a result, the PMS 450 may perform end-to-end monitoring of network slice performance and visualization of the transport network path, thus enabling fault detection and isolation at the individual network slice and / or transport flow level.

[0178] In an optional or additional embodiment that may be combined with any other embodiment, method 1000 may further include receiving a PCEP update message from the network device, the PCEP update message including the updated transport network path and another slice status request. For example, in one embodiment, device 100, TN performance monitoring component 180, network controller 700, TN device performance monitoring component 184, and / or receiving component 910 may be configured to or may include means for receiving a PCEP update message from the network device, the PCEP update message including the updated transport network path and another slice status request.

[0179] In these optional or additional embodiments, method 1000 may further include reconfiguring at least one network device of the one or more other network devices based on the updated transport network path. For example, in one embodiment, device 100, TN performance monitoring component 180, network controller 700, TN device performance monitoring component 184, and / or reconfiguration component 950 may be configured to include or may include means for reconfiguring at least one network device of the one or more other network devices based on the updated transport network path.

[0180] In these optional or additional embodiments, method 1000 may further include obtaining, from one or more other network devices, second slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether the SLA of the transport network slice is being met, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state. For example, in one embodiment, device 100, TN performance monitoring component 180, network controller 700, TN device performance monitoring component 184, and / or obtaining component 930 may be configured to include or may include means for obtaining, from one or more other network devices, second slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether the SLA of the transport network slice is being met, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state.

[0181] In these optional or additional embodiments, method 1000 may further include transmitting a second PCEP report message to a network controller, the second PCEP report message including the second slice status information. For example, in an embodiment, device 100, TN performance monitoring component 180, network controller 700, TN device performance monitoring component 184, and / or transmitting component 940 may be configured to or may include means for transmitting a second PCEP report message to a network controller, the second PCEP report message including the second slice status information.

[0182] The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit implementations to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of implementations.

[0183] It is understood that the particular order or hierarchy of process / flowchart blocks disclosed herein represents an example approach. It is understood that the particular order or hierarchy of process / flowchart blocks may be rearranged based on design preferences. Also, some blocks may be combined or omitted. The accompanying method claims present various block elements in a sample order and are not meant to be limited to the particular order or hierarchy presented.

[0184] Some embodiments may relate to systems, methods, and / or computer-readable media at any possible level of technical detail of integration. Furthermore, one or more of the components described above may be implemented as instructions stored on a computer-readable medium and executable by at least one processor (and / or may include at least one processor). The computer-readable medium may include one or more computer-readable non-transitory storage media having computer-readable program instructions for causing a processor to perform operations.

[0185] A computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible device that can hold and store instructions for use by an instruction-execution device. A computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but is not limited to, an electronic storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A non-exhaustive list of more specific examples of computer-readable storage media includes the following: portable computer diskettes, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static random access memory (SRAM), portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD), memory stick, floppy disk, mechanically encoded devices such as punch cards or groove ridge structures having instructions recorded thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. As used herein, computer-readable storage media should not be construed as being, per se, transitory signals such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through a waveguide or other transmission medium (e.g., light pulses passing through a fiber optic cable), or electrical signals transmitted through wires.

[0186] The computer-readable program instructions described herein may be downloaded from a computer-readable storage medium to each computing / processing device or to an external computer or external storage device via a network, such as the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and / or a wireless network. The network may include copper transmission cables, optical fiber transmissions, wireless transmissions, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface within each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer-readable program instructions for storage in a computer-readable storage medium within the respective computing / processing device.

[0187] The computer-readable program code / instructions for carrying out operations may be either source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including assembler instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, configuration data for integrated circuits, or object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Smalltalk and C++, and procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider). In some embodiments, an electronic circuit, including, for example, a programmable logic circuit, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or a programmable logic array (PLA), may execute computer-readable program instructions by utilizing state information of the computer-readable program instructions to personalize the electronic circuit to perform an aspect or operation.

[0188] These computer-readable program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute on the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for performing the functions / acts specified in one or more blocks of the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. These computer-readable program instructions may also be stored on a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer, programmable data processing apparatus, and / or other device to function in a particular manner, such that the computer-readable storage medium on which the instructions are stored comprises a product including instructions that implement aspects of the functions / acts specified in one or more blocks of the flowcharts and / or block diagrams.

[0189] The computer-readable program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to cause the computer, other programmable apparatus, or other device to execute a series of operational steps to create a computer-implemented process, such that the instructions executing on the computer, other programmable apparatus, or other device perform the functions / acts specified in one or more blocks of the flowcharts and / or block diagrams.

[0190] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer-readable media according to various embodiments. In this regard, each block in the flowcharts or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of instructions, including one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). The methods, computer systems, and computer-readable media may include additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged blocks than those shown in the figures. In some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks may occur in a different order than noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may actually be executed concurrently or substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending on the functionality involved. It should also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and / or flowchart diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowchart diagrams, can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified functions or operations or executes a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0191] It will be apparent that the systems and / or methods described herein may be implemented in various forms of hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software. The actual specialized control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods is not intended to limit the implementation. Thus, the operation and behavior of the systems and / or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, and it will be understood that software and hardware can be designed to implement the systems and / or methods based on the description herein.

Claims

1. 1. A method for monitoring performance of a network slice in a transport network by a network controller, comprising: sending, using a Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP), a PCEP configuration message to a network device of the transport network requesting rendering of a transport network path assigned to a transport network slice, the PCEP configuration message including a transport network slice identifier corresponding to the transport network slice and a slice status request requesting that the network device provide a status update of the transport network slice; receiving a first PCEP report message from the network device, the first PCEP report message including first slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether a service level agreement (SLA) of the transport network slice is met, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state; reporting the first slice status information of the transport network slice to a performance monitoring system (PMS); A method comprising:

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the PCEP configuration message comprises at least one of a PCEP initialization message and a PCEP update message.

3. receiving a network slice creation request from a network slice management controller, the network slice creation request including a source address, a destination address, and the SLA; creating the transport network slice based on the network slice creation request; calculating the transport network path according to the source address, the destination address, and the SLA; assigning the transport network path to the transport network slice; The method of claim 1 further comprising:

4. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the receiving the network slice creation request comprises receiving the network slice creation request via a Representational State Transfer Application Programming Interface (REST-API).

5. updating the transport network path to obtain an updated transport network path based on one or more network topology changes; sending a PCEP update message to the network device, the PCEP update message including the updated transport network path and another slice status request; receiving a second PCEP report message from the network device, the second PCEP report message including second slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in the up state, whether the SLA of the transport network slice is satisfied, and whether the transport network slice is in the down state; reporting the second slice status information of the transport network slice to the PMS; The method of claim 1 further comprising:

6. receiving information indicative of a change in the one or more network topologies via at least one Border Gateway Protocol Link State (BGP-LS) message; The method of claim 5 further comprising:

7. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first slice status information is determined according to one or more segment routing performance monitoring (SR-PM) messages received from one or more other network devices that render the transport network path.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the network device of the transport network is an ingress provider edge (PE) device of the transport network path.

9. reporting the first slice status information of the transport network slice to a network slice management controller; The method of claim 1 further comprising:

10. The reporting of the first slice status information of the transport network slice to the PMS includes reporting the first slice status information to the PMS via a first Representational State Transfer Application Programming Interface (REST-API); The reporting of the first slice status information to the network slice management controller includes reporting the first slice status information to the network slice management controller via a second REST-API.

10. The method of claim 9.

11. 1. An apparatus for monitoring performance of a network slice in a transport network, comprising: a storage device for storing computer-executable instructions; a processor communicatively coupled to the storage device, the processor executing the computer-executable instructions to cause the apparatus to: sending, using a Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP), a PCEP configuration message to a network device of the transport network requesting rendering of a transport network path assigned to a transport network slice, the PCEP configuration message including a transport network slice identifier corresponding to the transport network slice and a slice status request requesting the network device to provide a status update of the transport network slice; receiving a first PCEP report message from the network device, the first PCEP report message including first slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether a service level agreement (SLA) of the transport network slice is met, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state; and reporting the first slice status information of the transport network slice to a performance monitoring system (PMS). The device.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the PCEP configuration message comprises at least one of a PCEP initialization message and a PCEP update message.

13. The computer-executable instructions further cause the device to: receiving a network slice creation request from a network slice management controller, the network slice creation request including a source address, a destination address, and the SLA; creating the transport network slice based on the network slice creation request; calculating the transport network path according to the source address, the destination address, and the SLA; assigning the transport network path to the transport network slice; The apparatus of claim 11 .

14. 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the computer-executable instructions for receiving the network slice creation request further cause the apparatus to receive the network slice creation request via a Representational State Transfer Application Programming Interface (REST-API).

15. The computer-executable instructions further cause the device to: updating the transport network path to obtain an updated transport network path based on one or more network topology changes; sending a PCEP update message to the network device, the PCEP update message including the updated transport network path and another slice status request; receiving a second PCEP report message from the network device, the second PCEP report message including second slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in the up state, whether the SLA of the transport network slice is satisfied, and whether the transport network slice is in the down state; reporting the second slice status information of the transport network slice to the PMS; The apparatus of claim 11 .

16. The computer-executable instructions further cause the device to:

16. The apparatus of claim 15, further comprising: receiving information indicative of the one or more network topology changes via at least one Border Gateway Protocol Link State (BGP-LS) message.

17. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the first slice status information is determined according to one or more segment routing performance monitoring (SR-PM) messages received from one or more other network devices that render the transport network path.

18. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the network device of the transport network is an ingress provider edge (PE) device of the transport network path.

19. The computer-executable instructions further cause the device to: The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising: a network slice management controller configured to report the first slice status information of the transport network slice.

20. The computer-executable instructions for reporting the first slice status information of the transport network slice to the PMS further cause the device to report the first slice status information to the PMS via a first Representational State Transfer Application Programming Interface (REST-API); The computer-executable instructions for reporting the first slice status information to the network slice management controller further cause the device to report the first slice status information to the network slice management controller via a second REST-API.

20. The apparatus of claim 19.

21. 1. A method for monitoring performance of a network slice in a transport network by a network device, comprising: receiving, from a network controller using a Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP), a PCEP configuration message requesting rendering of an assigned transport network path to a transport network slice, the PCEP configuration message including a transport network slice identifier corresponding to the transport network slice and a slice status request requesting that the network device provide a status update of the transport network slice; rendering the transport network path using one or more other network devices of the transport network; Obtaining first slice status information from the one or more other network devices, the first slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether a service level agreement (SLA) of the transport network slice is satisfied, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state; sending a first PCEP report message to the network controller, the first PCEP report message including the first slice status information; A method comprising:

22. The obtaining of the first slice status information includes: sending one or more segment routing performance monitoring (SR-PM) messages to the one or more other network devices; receiving a response to the one or more SR-PM messages from the one or more other network devices, the response including the first slice status information; 22. The method of claim 21, comprising:

23. receiving a PCEP update message from the network device, the PCEP update message including an updated transport network path and another slice status request; reconfiguring at least one network device of the one or more other network devices based on the updated transport network path; Obtaining second slice status information from the one or more other network devices, the second slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in the up state, whether the SLA of the transport network slice is satisfied, and whether the transport network slice is in the down state; sending a second PCEP report message to the network controller, the second PCEP report message including the second slice status information; 22. The method of claim 21 further comprising:

24. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the network device of the transport network is an ingress provider edge (PE) device of the transport network path.

25. 1. An apparatus for monitoring performance of a network slice in a transport network, comprising: a storage device for storing computer-executable instructions; a processor communicatively coupled to the storage device, the processor executing the computer-executable instructions to cause the apparatus to: receiving, from a network controller using a Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP), a PCEP configuration message requesting rendering of an assigned transport network path to a transport network slice, the PCEP configuration message including a transport network slice identifier corresponding to the transport network slice and a slice status request requesting that a network device provide a status update of the transport network slice; rendering the transport network path using one or more other network devices of the transport network; Obtaining first slice status information from the one or more other network devices, the first slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in an up state, whether a service level agreement (SLA) of the transport network slice is satisfied, and whether the transport network slice is in a down state; sending a first PCEP report message to the network controller, the first PCEP report message including the first slice status information; configured to cause The device.

26. The computer-executable instructions for obtaining the first slice status information further include causing the apparatus to: sending one or more segment routing performance monitoring (SR-PM) messages to the one or more other network devices; receiving a response to the one or more SR-PM messages from the one or more other network devices, the response including the first slice status information; 26. The apparatus of claim 25,

27. The computer-executable instructions further cause the device to: receiving a PCEP update message from the network device, the PCEP update message including an updated transport network path and another slice status request; reconfiguring at least one network device of the one or more other network devices based on the updated transport network path; Obtaining second slice status information from the one or more other network devices, the second slice status information indicating whether the transport network slice is in the up state, whether the SLA of the transport network slice is satisfied, and whether the transport network slice is in the down state; sending a second PCEP report message to the network controller, the second PCEP report message including the second slice status information; 26. The apparatus of claim 25,

28. 26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the apparatus is an ingress provider edge (PE) device of the transport network path.

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