Supply and demand adjustment device, supply and demand adjustment method, and program

Abstract

A supply-demand adjustment device for adjusting supply-demand of electric power among a plurality of microgrids, the supply-demand adjustment device being provided with: an information collection unit for collecting information from each microgrid; a control unit that determines a one-to-one pair of a power exchange source microgrid and a power exchange destination microgrid, in accordance with the priority determined on the basis of the information collected by the information collection unit; and a control instruction unit that instructs the pair to execute the power exchange.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a technology for adjusting supply and demand in cooperation with a plurality of microgrids. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, renewable energy has been attracting attention due to the global trend toward decarbonization, and it is expected that the amount of renewable energy sources introduced will continue to increase. Solar power generation and wind power generation, which are representative of renewable energy sources, are considered clean electricity as they do not require fossil fuels to generate power. However, their power output is significantly affected by weather changes such as the amount of solar radiation and wind speed, making it difficult to obtain stable output. Therefore, as more renewable energy sources are introduced into the power grid in the future, there is a possibility that output fluctuations will cause deviations from the optimum frequency range.

[0003] Battery control is one way to deal with output fluctuations from renewable energy. For example, Non-Patent Document 1 discloses an output control method that takes into account the lifespan and other performance characteristics of storage batteries in response to sudden output fluctuations from solar power generation. However, absorbing the output fluctuations of renewable energy introduced in large quantities using this method alone would require a huge amount of storage battery equipment.

[0004] Furthermore, Non-Patent Document 2 discloses a method for spatially controlling power consumption by utilizing a virtualized network to control ICT loads between bases nationwide. However, because there is a limit to the amount of power that can be adjusted using ICT loads alone, it is unclear whether this method alone will be able to maintain a balance between supply and demand in an era in which renewable energy is being introduced on a large scale.

[0005] Furthermore, the technology disclosed in Non-Patent Document 3 attempts to adjust supply and demand in response to fluctuations in renewable energy within a microgrid by linking not only storage batteries but also demand control. However, this method is limited to supply and demand adjustment control within a single microgrid. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0006] [Non-Patent Document 1] Seiya Miyazaki and four others, "Power Supply and Demand Balance Control in Energy Management Systems," Panasonic Technical Journal Vol. 57 No. 4 Jan. 2012 [Non-patent document 2] Ryota Nakamura, Shigeaki Harada, "Proposal of an ICT Load Allocation Method Considering Renewable Energy," IEICE General Conference, B-14-4, March 2022 [Non-patent document 3] Yasuhiro Kojima, Masanobu Furushio, Shizuka Nakamura, "Development and Demonstration of Supply and Demand Control Functions for Microgrids," 2008, The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] Conventional technologies have proposed methods for adjusting supply and demand within microgrids from the perspective of local production and consumption of energy. However, as the amount of renewable energy introduced increases, power waste is likely to occur if control is limited to within the microgrid. Therefore, in addition to the conventional method of local production and consumption of energy, it is necessary to efficiently utilize renewable energy by sharing power among microgrids.

[0008] However, deriving an operating pattern for power interchange from the combination of control details of all energy resources within and between microgrids requires enormous computational time, making it difficult with conventional technology to coordinate power supply and demand among multiple microgrids.

[0009] The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and aims to provide a technique for adjusting the supply and demand of power by linking multiple microgrids together. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] According to the disclosed technology, there is provided a supply and demand adjustment device that adjusts the supply and demand of power among a plurality of microgrids, comprising: an information collection unit that collects information from each microgrid; a control unit that determines a one-to-one pairing of a power source microgrid and a power destination microgrid in accordance with a priority order determined based on the information collected by the information collecting unit; a control instruction unit that instructs the pair to execute power interchange; The control unit calculates a cost required for each of a plurality of power interchange methods for performing power interchange from the power interchange source microgrid to the power interchange destination microgrid, and determines to perform power interchange by applying the power interchange method in descending order of the cost required for power interchange. A supply and demand adjustment device is provided. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] The disclosed technology provides a technology for adjusting the supply and demand of power in cooperation with multiple microgrids. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the overall configuration of a system. [Figure 2] 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a supply and demand adjusting device 100. FIG. [Figure 3] 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the supply and demand adjusting device 100. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a hardware configuration of the apparatus. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention (the present embodiment) will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiment described below is merely an example, and the embodiment to which the present invention is applied is not limited to the following embodiment.

[0014] (About the assignment) First, the problem to be solved by the technology according to the present embodiment will be described in detail.

[0015] As mentioned above, conventional technologies have proposed methods for adjusting supply and demand within microgrids from the perspective of local production and consumption of energy.However, in situations where renewable energy is introduced in large quantities and power output fluctuates due to weather changes, if control is limited to within the microgrid, depending on the supply and demand situation, there is a possibility that one microgrid will experience a power shortage and perform demand control such as power saving, while another microgrid will have a power surplus and will waste power by reducing the output of power generation equipment, etc.

[0016] As the amount of renewable energy introduced increases in this way, power waste is likely to occur if control is limited to within the microgrid, so there is a need to go beyond the traditional local production and consumption of energy and efficiently utilize renewable energy by sharing power between microgrids.In this situation, supply and demand control across areas is being considered in some areas, and systems have been designed for the transmission of renewable energy to distant bases, such as self-consignment, making it possible to control power supply and demand between microgrids.

[0017] In the future, as renewable energy becomes increasingly common, it will be necessary to combine the control of each energy resource between and within these microgrids to improve the efficiency of renewable energy use while maintaining the balance between supply and demand, aiming to expand the introduction of green electricity and stabilize power quality.

[0018] However, each microgrid has multiple types of energy resources to be transferred. When adjusting energy resources between microgrids, energy resources are transferred from surplus areas to strained areas, but there are many combinations of which energy resources from which surplus microgrids should be transferred to which strained microgrids.

[0019] Specifically, if the number of constrained microgrids is g and the number of surplus energy resources is r, the total energy resource interchange pattern is O(g r ), which takes exponential time. Furthermore, because there are also energy resources for adjusting supply and demand within the microgrid, the calculation time required to derive an operating pattern from a combination of the control contents of all energy resources, including those for these controls, becomes enormous.

[0020] Therefore, when there is a power surplus or shortage in each microgrid, the problem of which microgrid to which microgrid to transfer power, and which energy resource to use, and how to combine resource control within the microgrid cannot be solved by combining existing technologies that maintain the supply and demand balance of a single microgrid, and there was an issue that it became difficult to solve the problem within a realistic time frame as the number of energy resources increased.

[0021] (Outline of the embodiment) In this embodiment, a supply and demand adjusting device 100, which will be described later, solves the above problems and adjusts power supply and demand in cooperation with other microgrids.

[0022] The supply and demand adjusting device 100 classifies each microgrid into a surplus group and a tight group, determines priorities for each group, selects one microgrid at a time, and determines 1:1 pairs of power source and destination. Then, for the selection of energy resources to be transferred from the transfer source, a cost function is defined, and the resources are transferred in the order of resource selection until the tightness or surplus is resolved. By repeating the 1:1 power transfer as described above, the control between microgrids for each energy resource is determined within the feasible time.

[0023] Furthermore, if further balancing of supply and demand is required after the interchange, this can be achieved through control within the microgrid, thereby avoiding a situation where one microgrid experiences a power shortage while another has a power surplus, and achieving power supply and demand adjustment through energy resource control that takes into account maintaining the supply and demand balance of each microgrid.

[0024] The configuration and operation of this embodiment will be described in more detail below.

[0025] (Overall configuration example) Fig. 1 shows an example of the overall configuration of a system according to this embodiment. In the example of Fig. 1, there are microgrids A to C. Each microgrid has one or more power storage facilities, one or more demand facilities, and one or more power generation facilities. There may be a microgrid that does not have any one or any two of the power storage facilities, demand facilities, and power generation facilities.

[0026] The power storage facilities are storage batteries, electric vehicles, etc. The demand facilities are ordinary households, factories, companies, etc. The power generation facilities here are assumed to be power generation facilities that use renewable energy. However, the power generation facilities may also be power generation facilities that do not use renewable energy.

[0027] 1, the system also includes a supply and demand adjustment device 100 and a power exchange 300. The supply and demand adjustment device 100 is connected to each microgrid via a network, and performs the supply and demand adjustment control described below by communicating with each microgrid.

[0028] Within each microgrid, in addition to power generation from renewable energy sources at power generation facilities and power consumption by demand facilities, supply and demand balance adjustments (power interchange within the grid) are carried out by charging and discharging power storage facilities and reducing demand through power saving at demand facilities.In addition, between microgrids, ICT load transfer using virtual networks allows the physical movement of power consumption generating points.

[0029] Furthermore, in recent years, the off-site PPA (Power Purchase Agreement) system has made it possible to transmit renewable energy to distant bases, allowing the selection of the supply base.By combining energy resources that can be moved and controlled between microgrids (renewable energy supply bases, ICT load operation bases) with energy resources controlled within the microgrid (control of demand facilities and power storage facilities), and controlling multiple microgrids in a coordinated manner, it is possible to make effective use of renewable energy and further stabilize the supply-demand balance even in an era of mass introduction.

[0030] (Configuration of supply and demand adjusting device 100) 2 shows an example of the configuration of the supply and demand adjusting device 100 according to this embodiment. The supply and demand adjusting device 100 is capable of communicating with the microgrid group 200 via a network.

[0031] 2, the supply and demand adjustment device 100 includes an information collection unit 160, a prediction unit 110, a shortage resolution priority determination unit 120, a surplus resolution priority determination unit 130, a supply and demand adjustment control unit 140, a control command unit 170, and an execution schedule management unit 150. Note that the "prediction unit 110, shortage resolution priority determination unit 120, surplus resolution priority determination unit 130, and supply and demand adjustment control unit 140" may be collectively referred to as the "control unit."

[0032] The information collection unit 160 collects, from each microgrid, power generation information from power generation facilities, demand information from demand facilities, remaining power storage information from power storage facilities, and the like.

[0033] The prediction unit 110 predicts the amount of power generation and the amount of demand based on the information collected by the information collection unit 160 .

[0034] The congestion relief priority order determiner 120 determines the congestion relief priority order for each microgrid based on the information collected by the information collector 160 .

[0035] The surplus resolution priority order determiner 130 determines the surplus resolution priority order of each microgrid based on the information collected by the information collector.

[0036] The demand-supply adjustment control unit 140 determines the operations of the power generation equipment, demand equipment, and power storage equipment based on the information obtained from the information collection unit 160, prediction unit 110, emergency resolution priority determination unit 120, and surplus resolution priority determination unit 130, so as to most efficiently utilize the renewable energy, and transmits the results to the control command unit 170.

[0037] The control command unit 170 transmits the control instruction content of each energy resource existing under it to each microgrid. That is, the control command unit 170 gives instructions such as the execution of power transfer to the target microgrid. Each microgrid that receives the control instruction content executes the control of each energy resource based on the control instruction content.

[0038] The execution schedule management unit 150 indicates these control execution timings. Since a planned value of the same amount at the same time every 30 minutes is required for the adjustment of the demand-supply balance, it is conceivable as an example to execute the control every 30 minutes. Also, it may be executed at any time at the timing when a demand-supply discrepancy is detected or predicted while monitoring the demand-supply balance of each microgrid.

[0039] (Operation of the demand-supply adjustment device 100) The operation of the demand-supply adjustment device 100 having the above configuration will be described in detail according to the procedure of the flowchart in FIG. 3.

[0040] <S1: Information collection> In S1, the information collection unit 160 collects, for each component of each microgrid, for example, the following information.

[0041] Renewable energy power generation equipment: equipment capacity (kW), current power generation amount (kW) Demand equipment: past demand power consumption data, current demand power consumption amount (kWh) Power storage equipment: power storage capacity (kW), current remaining capacity (kWh) Weather forecast: temperature, solar radiation amount, wind speed Contract content with the power company: power selling price, power buying price <S2: Prediction of power consumption and power generation> In S2, the prediction unit 110 predicts the power generation amount and the power consumption amount for each microgrid. Specifically, it is as follows.

[0042] The prediction unit 110 predicts the future power consumption amount for each microgrid based on the current value, past data, and weather forecast. For the prediction of the power consumption amount, any method may be used. For example, a predicted value of the power consumption amount can be derived as a linear approximation of the temperature and the power consumption from the past data.

[0043] Similarly, the prediction unit 110 predicts the future power generation amount for each microgrid based on the current value, past data, and weather forecast. For the prediction of the power generation amount, any method may be used. For example, for solar power generation, a predicted value of the power generation amount can be derived as a linear approximation with the solar irradiance amount from the past data, and for wind power generation, a predicted value of the power generation amount can be derived as a linear approximation with the wind speed.

[0044] <S3: Creation of the priority order for relieving urgency> In S3, the urgency relief priority determination unit 120 generates the urgency relief priority for each microgrid. Specifically, it is as follows.

[0045] Depending on the climate conditions and demand conditions, there may be a possibility that the power of the entire microgrid group cannot be covered only by renewable energy. In that case, power is purchased from the power company to maintain the supply-demand balance. However, it is assumed that the power purchase price from the power company will differ for each microgrid as the power liberalization progresses.

[0046] At that time, by selecting a microgrid with a low power purchase price as the microgrid that finally maintains the balance by purchasing power, cost reduction can be achieved.

[0047] Here, as the order for preferentially eliminating power shortages, the order of the power purchase prices of the electric power companies in the microgrid is used. That is, the shortage elimination priority determination unit 120 determines to preferentially eliminate power shortages in descending order of the power purchase prices of the electric power companies in the microgrid.

[0048] However, using the order of power purchase prices is just an example. The method for determining the shortage elimination priority is not limited to this, and for example, the order may be determined based on the remaining capacity of the storage battery in each microgrid.

[0049] <S4: Creation of Surplus Elimination Priority> In S4, the surplus elimination priority determination unit 130 generates a surplus elimination priority for each microgrid. Specifically, it is as follows.

[0050] Depending on the climate conditions and demand conditions, there may be a possibility that all the renewable energy generated cannot be consumed by the entire microgrid group. When there is no capacity to charge the storage battery, reverse power flow to the grid and sell electricity will occur. In that case, the buyback price per unit (yen / kWh) varies depending on each electric power company. Considering profitability, it is desirable that the microgrid where a surplus finally occurs is an area with a high buyback price per unit.

[0051] Therefore, the surplus elimination priority determination unit 130 determines the order for preferentially eliminating the surplus in ascending order of the buyback price per unit of the electric power company in each microgrid. However, the method for determining the surplus elimination order is not limited to this, and for example, the order may be determined based on the storage battery equipment capacity.

[0052] <S5~S11: Allocation of Surplus Power to Other Microgrids> Within each microgrid, if there is still renewable energy generation or remaining capacity of the energy storage facility even after covering the power demand within the microgrid, it is considered that there is surplus power for that microgrid.

[0053] When there is a power shortage in another microgrid, the surplus power of one microgrid is transmitted to that grid for interchange. At this time, the supply and demand adjustment device 100 selects a microgrid with a high priority for eliminating surplus power as the source of interchange, and a microgrid with a high priority for relieving pressure as the destination of interchange, and continues to interchange power until the surplus power is eliminated or the pressure is resolved.

[0054] There are multiple energy resources for interchange with other microgrids, such as "transmission of renewable energy generated power through off-site PPA," "self-dispatching of battery discharged power," and "transfer of ICT loads through virtual networks," but each is expected to incur costs, and after comparing these costs, interchange is carried out in order of lowest cost. "Transmission of renewable energy generated power through off-site PPA," "self-dispatching of battery discharged power," and "transfer of ICT loads through virtual networks" can also be called power interchange methods.

[0055] For example, an off-site PPA for renewable energy generated electricity incurs the cost of using the power company's transmission network (wheeling charges), and self-wheeling of battery discharged electricity similarly incurs wheeling charges as well as a renewable energy surcharge. Furthermore, the movement of ICT loads incurs additional power consumption, resulting in an electricity bill for the amount of power consumed. Because these costs are all proportional to the amount of electricity (kWh) being transferred, they can be described as linear equations for the amount of electricity being transferred, such as "wheeling charge unit price (yen / kWh) x amount of electricity (kWh)" or "electricity rate unit price (yen / kWh) x amount of electricity (kWh)," and the calculation time is significantly shorter than the order of magnitude of calculation times that have previously been a challenge.

[0056] The above processing will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

[0057] In S5, the supply and demand adjustment control unit 140 determines whether or not there is a microgrid generating surplus power. If there is a microgrid generating surplus power, the process proceeds to S6, and if there is no microgrid generating surplus power, the process proceeds to S15.

[0058] In S6, the supply - demand adjustment control unit 140 selects one micro - grid with the highest surplus elimination priority from one or more micro - grids in which surplus power is being generated.

[0059] In S7, the supply - demand adjustment control unit 140 determines whether there are other micro - grids in which power shortages are occurring during the same time period as the time period in which surplus power is being generated. If there are other micro - grids in which power shortages are occurring, it proceeds to S8; if there are no other micro - grids in which power shortages are occurring, it proceeds to S12.

[0060] In S8, the supply - demand adjustment control unit 140 selects the one with the highest urgency elimination priority from one or more micro - grids in which power shortages are occurring.

[0061] In S9, the supply - demand adjustment control unit 140 calculates the renewable energy power transmission cost, the battery power transmission cost, and the ICT load transfer cost between the selected surplus grid and deficit grid. That is, it calculates the cost for each power transfer in a plurality of power transfer methods.

[0062] In S10, the supply - demand adjustment control unit 140 decides to transfer power from the surplus grid to the deficit grid using the power transfer method in order of the lowest cost until the power shortage is resolved or the surplus power is eliminated, and notifies the control instruction unit 170 of the control content. The control instruction unit 170 instructs the execution of power transfer for each one - to - one pair of the micro - grid as the power transfer source and the micro - grid as the power transfer destination according to the said control content.

[0063] In S11, the supply - demand adjustment control unit 140 updates the power supply - demand balance of each micro - grid and returns to S5.

[0064] <S12 - S14: Processing of Surplus Power> When power is transferred between microgrids and excess power is generated for the entire group, it is stored in the energy storage facility. If the energy storage facility does not have sufficient capacity, power is sold back to the grid through reverse power flow. Specifically, it is as follows.

[0065] In S12, the supply-demand adjustment control unit 140 determines whether there is sufficient capacity in the energy storage facility to store the excess power. If the determination result is Yes, it proceeds to S13; if No, it proceeds to S14.

[0066] In S13, the supply-demand adjustment control unit 140 controls the storage of excess power in the energy storage facility via the control command unit 170. In S14, the supply-demand adjustment control unit 140 controls the sale of excess power back to the grid through reverse power flow via the control command unit 170.

[0067] <S15~S19: Demand adjustment for power shortage> If a power shortage occurs even after the transfer of excess power, power-saving control is performed on the demand facilities within the microgrid to reduce the demand power and adjust the supply-demand balance. If there is still a power shortage, it is covered by discharging the energy storage facility. Specifically, it is as follows.

[0068] In S15, the supply-demand adjustment control unit 140 determines whether there is a microgrid with insufficient power. If the determination result is Yes, it proceeds to S16; if No, the process ends. S16~S19 are performed for each microgrid with insufficient power.

[0069] In S16, the supply-demand adjustment control unit 140 determines whether there are facilities within the microgrid that can save power. If the determination result is Yes, it proceeds to S17; if No, it proceeds to S18. In S17, the supply-demand adjustment control unit 140 decides to execute power-saving within the microgrid, and the control command unit 170 instructs the target microgrid to execute power-saving.

[0070] In S18, the demand-supply adjustment control unit 140 determines whether there is power storage equipment capable of discharging within the microgrid. If the determination result is Yes, it proceeds to S19; if No, it proceeds to S20. In S19, the demand-supply adjustment control unit 140 decides to execute discharging from the power storage equipment within the microgrid, and the control command unit 170 instructs the target microgrid to execute discharging.

[0071] <S20: Power Purchase from the Grid> As a result of adjusting all energy resources as described above, if insufficient power occurs, the demand-supply adjustment control unit 140 controls via the control command unit 170 to purchase the difference from the grid, thereby maintaining the demand-supply balance.

[0072] (Hardware Configuration Example) The demand-supply adjustment device 100 can be realized, for example, by causing a computer to execute a program. This computer may be a physical computer or a virtual machine on the cloud.

[0073] That is, the demand-supply adjustment device 100 can be realized by using hardware resources such as a CPU and a memory built into the computer to execute a program corresponding to the processing performed by the demand-supply adjustment device 100. The above program can be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium (such as a portable memory), saved, distributed, etc. Also, it is possible to provide the above program through a network such as the Internet or email.

[0074] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a hardware configuration example of the above computer. The computer in FIG. 4 has a drive device 1000, an auxiliary storage device 1002, a memory device 1003, a CPU 1004, an interface device 1005, a display device 1006, an input device 1007, an output device 1008, etc., which are mutually connected by a bus BS.

[0075] A program for realizing processing on the computer is provided by a recording medium 1001 such as a CD-ROM or a memory card. When the recording medium 1001 storing the program is set in the drive device 1000, the program is installed from the recording medium 1001 to the auxiliary storage device 1002 via the drive device 1000. However, the program does not necessarily have to be installed from the recording medium 1001, but may be downloaded from another computer via a network. The auxiliary storage device 1002 stores the installed program as well as necessary files, data, etc.

[0076] When an instruction to start a program is received, the memory device 1003 reads and stores the program from the auxiliary storage device 1002. The memory device 1003 (or the auxiliary storage device 1002) also stores information collected by the information collection unit 160, and the information is read out to perform calculations for control.

[0077] The CPU 1004 realizes the functions related to the supply and demand adjustment device 100 in accordance with the program stored in the memory device 1003. The interface device 1005 is used as an interface for connecting to a network, etc. The display device 1006 displays a GUI (Graphical User Interface) etc. according to the program. The input device 1007 is composed of a keyboard and mouse, buttons, a touch panel, etc., and is used to input various operation instructions. The output device 1008 outputs the calculation results.

[0078] (Effects of the embodiment) The technology according to this embodiment controls each energy resource to control supply and demand within a microgrid and also interchanges power between microgrids, thereby making it possible to achieve effective utilization of renewable energy and maintain a balance between supply and demand even when a large amount of renewable energy is introduced. In addition, as described below, the technology solves the problem of the conventional technology of requiring a huge amount of calculation time.

[0079] The number of surplus microgrids is f, the number of constrained microgrids is g, the number of energy resources in the surplus microgrids is r, and the maximum number of energy resources in one microgrid is r. m (r m ≦r).

[0080] In the technology according to the present embodiment, when the power interchange source is taken into consideration, the calculation amount for determining the priority order for eliminating surplus power and rearranging the energy resources in the surplus microgrid in order of cost is O(f log f×r m log r m ) In addition, when considering the destination of power interchange, the computational complexity of determining the priority order for relieving pressure is O(g log g). Therefore, the computational complexity of this method is max[O(f log f×r m log r m ),O(g log g)]. This computational complexity is the same as the original problem of O(g r ), and it is expected that the effect of the technology according to this embodiment will enable a significant reduction in calculation time.

[0081] (Summary of the embodiment) This specification discloses at least the supply and demand adjustment device, supply and demand adjustment method, and program described in the following sections. (Additional note 1) A supply and demand adjustment device that adjusts the supply and demand of power among a plurality of microgrids, Memory and at least one processor coupled to said memory; Including, The processor: Collect information from each microgrid, determining a one-to-one pair of a power source microgrid and a power destination microgrid in accordance with the priority order determined based on the information collected by the information collecting unit; Instruct the pair to exchange power. Supply and demand adjustment device. (Additional note 2) The processor selects, from among one or more microgrids generating surplus power, a microgrid with the highest priority for eliminating surplus power as the microgrid from which the power is to be exchanged, and selects, from among one or more microgrids generating a power shortage, a microgrid with the highest priority for eliminating shortage power as the microgrid to which the power is to be exchanged. Item 1. A supply and demand adjustment device according to item 1. (Additional note 3) The processor calculates the cost of each of a plurality of power interchange methods for performing power interchange from the power interchange source microgrid to the power interchange destination microgrid, and determines to perform power interchange by applying the power interchange method in descending order of the cost of power interchange. 3. The supply and demand adjusting device according to claim 1 or 2. (Additional note 4) When the processor determines that supply and demand adjustment is necessary after power interchange among a plurality of microgrids, the processor determines to adjust supply and demand by power control within the microgrid. 4. A supply and demand adjusting device according to any one of appended claims 1 to 3. (Additional note 5) A supply and demand adjustment method executed by a supply and demand adjustment device that adjusts supply and demand of power among a plurality of microgrids, comprising: collecting information from each microgrid; determining a one-to-one pair of a power source microgrid and a power destination microgrid according to a priority determined based on the collected information; instructing the pair to execute power interchange; A supply and demand adjustment method comprising: (Additional note 6) A non-transitory storage medium storing a program for causing a computer to function as each unit in the supply and demand adjustment device described in any one of appended claims 1 to 4.

[0082] Although the present embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not limited to such a specific embodiment, and various modifications and changes are possible within the scope of the gist of the present invention described in the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0083] 100 Supply and demand adjustment device 110 Prediction Department 120 Department of Priority Decision for Relieving Congestion 130 Surplus Elimination Priority Determination Department 140 Supply and demand adjustment control unit 150 Execution Schedule Management Department 160 Information Gathering Department 170 Control Command Unit 200 microgrids 300 Power Exchange 1000 Drive Device 1001 Recording media 1002 Auxiliary storage device 1003 Memory device 1004 CPU 1005 Interface device 1006 Display device 1007 Input Device 1008 Output Device

Claims

1. A supply and demand adjustment device that adjusts the supply and demand of power among a plurality of microgrids, an information collection unit that collects information from each microgrid; a control unit that determines a one-to-one pairing of a power source microgrid and a power destination microgrid in accordance with a priority order determined based on the information collected by the information collecting unit; a control instruction unit that instructs the pair to execute power interchange; The control unit calculates a cost required for each of a plurality of power interchange methods for performing power interchange from the power interchange source microgrid to the power interchange destination microgrid, and determines to perform power interchange by applying the power interchange method in descending order of the cost required for power interchange. Supply and demand adjustment device.

2. The control unit selects, from among one or more microgrids generating surplus power, a microgrid with the highest priority for eliminating surplus power as the microgrid from which power is to be exchanged, and selects, from among one or more microgrids generating a power shortage, a microgrid with the highest priority for eliminating shortage power as the microgrid to which power is to be exchanged. The supply and demand adjusting device according to claim 1 .

3. When the control unit determines that supply and demand adjustment is necessary after power interchange among a plurality of microgrids, the control unit determines to adjust supply and demand by power control within the microgrid. The supply and demand adjusting device according to claim 1 .

4. A supply and demand adjustment method executed by a supply and demand adjustment device that adjusts supply and demand of power among a plurality of microgrids, comprising: collecting information from each microgrid; a control step of determining a one-to-one pair of a power source microgrid and a power destination microgrid in accordance with a priority determined based on the collected information; instructing the pair to execute power interchange; In the control step, the supply and demand adjustment device calculates the cost of each of a plurality of power interchange methods for performing power interchange from the power interchange source microgrid to the power interchange destination microgrid, and determines to perform power interchange by applying the power interchange method in descending order of the cost of power interchange. Supply and demand adjustment methods.

5. A program for causing a computer to function as each unit in the supply and demand adjusting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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