Power System

Abstract

To provide an electric power system that causes a total output to follow system request power while taking advantage of characteristics of different types of batteries.SOLUTION: Provided is an electric power system 100 including a first battery 14 and a second battery 16 having lower capacity and higher output than the first battery 14, the electric power system controlling input / output power of the first battery 14 and the second battery 16 so as to minimize a differential value between a system request power value and a total input / output power value of the first battery 14 and the second battery 16. Input / output power of the first battery 14 is controlled in accordance with a relation between SOC of the first battery 14 and a long period component in the system request power value and a long period component in the differential value, and input / output power of the second battery 16 is controlled in accordance with a relation between SOC of the second battery 16 and the system request power value and the differential value.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to power systems. [Background technology]

[0002] In a power system that combines a rechargeable battery and solar cells, a configuration has been disclosed that enables the system to follow output suppression commands from the power grid by adjusting the amount of active power output from a power conditioning system (PCS) connected to the solar cell panel and the amount of charge and discharge from a power control system connected to the battery (Non-Patent Document 1).

[0003] Also, a hybrid energy storage system employing two types of batteries—a capacity-type battery with a large capacity and low output, and a power-type battery with a high output relative to its capacity—has been disclosed (Patent Document 1). The capacity-type battery is a lithium-ion (Li-ion), nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH), lead battery, or the like, while the power-type battery is a capacitor, or the like—is used in the energy storage system. By using two types of batteries, it is possible to operate the battery in a SOC range of around 50%, avoiding high SOC ranges (e.g., 80% or higher) and low SOC ranges (e.g., 20-30% or lower), where capacity degradation accelerates during battery charging and discharging. Furthermore, different types of batteries can be used depending on the application, such as outputting primarily from the power-type battery when the power system requires instantaneous high power, and outputting primarily from the capacity-type battery when low-output, long-term power is required. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-198149 [Non-patent literature]

[0005] [Non-Patent Document 1] Hikaru Akutsu, Kenji Hirata, Akihiro Ohori, Nobuyuki Hattori and Yoshito Ohta, “Decentralized Control Approach to Power Curtailment Instruction problem for PV Generation Plants with Storage”, 2017 11th Asian Control Conference (ASCC). Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] Incidentally, the power system in Non-Patent Document 1 is capable of following the system power demand from the power company, but is unable to control multiple different types of batteries in a way that makes the most of the respective characteristics of high-capacity, low-output batteries and low-capacity, high-output batteries.

[0007] Furthermore, the energy storage system in Patent Document 1 is capable of efficiently operating heterogeneous batteries with different characteristics, but employs a centralized control method in which a central server that mainly manages the system determines the output of all batteries based on battery information (SOC, etc.). Patent Document 1 states that "instead of the centralized control method, a method of decentralized control of individual battery output may be employed," but does not specifically state what kind of decentralized control method should be used or whether target tracking is ensured. In other words, there is no suggestion about decentralized control, and it is unclear how the system will be operated efficiently. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] One aspect of the present invention is a power system that includes a first battery and a second battery that has a lower capacity and higher output than the first battery, and controls the input / output power of the first battery and the second battery so as to reduce the difference value between a system required power value and the total input / output power value of the first battery and the second battery, characterized in that the input / output power of the first battery is controlled in accordance with the relationship between the SOC of the first battery and the long-period component in the system required power value and the long-period component in the difference value, and the input / output power of the second battery is controlled in accordance with the relationship between the SOC of the second battery and the system required power value and the difference value.

[0009] Here, when the long-period component in the system required power value and the long-period component in the difference value indicate a time when discharge is required, it is preferable to perform control so that the output power from the first battery increases as the SOC of the first battery increases.

[0010] In addition, when the long-period component in the system required power value and the long-period component in the difference value indicate a time when charging is required, it is preferable to perform control so that the input power to the first battery becomes smaller as the SOC of the first battery becomes larger.

[0011] It is also preferable to limit the input / output power of the first battery in accordance with the SOC of the first battery.

[0012] Furthermore, when the system required power value and the difference value indicate a discharge request time, it is preferable to perform control such that the output power from the second battery increases as the SOC of the second battery increases.

[0013] Furthermore, when the system required power value and the difference value indicate a time when charging is required, it is preferable to perform control such that the input power to the second battery decreases as the SOC of the second battery increases.

[0014] It is also preferable to limit the input / output power of the second battery in accordance with the SOC of the second battery.

[0015] Furthermore, it is preferable to limit the input and output of the second battery so that fluctuations in the SOC of the second battery fall within a predetermined fluctuation range.

[0016] It is also preferable to provide a low-pass filter that extracts long-cycle components in the system required power value and long-cycle components in the difference value. [Effects of the Invention]

[0017] According to the present invention, it is possible to make the total output follow the power required by the system while making the most of the characteristics of different types of batteries. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a power system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a control logic of the power system according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] 3 is a flowchart showing a control method for a power system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] 4 is a flowchart showing a method for controlling a first battery in the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a battery model. [Figure 6] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a gain setting method according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] 5A and 5B are diagrams illustrating a method for setting an output command value according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] 5 is a flowchart showing a control method for a second battery in the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a method for setting a charge / discharge request amount in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10]FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a pattern of power required by a system in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a simulation result in an example of the present invention. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a simulation result in an example of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] As shown in Fig. 1, a power system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a power grid 10, a power conditioning system (PCS) 12, a first battery 14, and a second battery 16. The power system 100 appropriately distributes and outputs output power to two types of batteries, the first battery 14 and the second battery 16, under the control of the power conditioning system 12, in accordance with the power required by the power grid 10 (system required power). In other words, power control is performed in a decentralized manner by the power conditioning system 12 provided in the power system 100, without centralized control from a central server or the like.

[0020] The power system 100 can be operated not only as a stationary power storage system, but also as a power system for mobile objects such as electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, and aircraft.

[0021] In this embodiment, the first battery 14 is a high-capacity, low-power battery. The second battery 16 is a battery with a lower capacity and higher power than the first battery 14. For example, the first battery 14 can be a lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery. For example, the second battery 16 can be a nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) battery. In this embodiment, a configuration example is shown in which two second batteries, 16a and 16b, are provided.

[0022] However, the types and numbers of the first battery 14 and the second battery 16 are not limited to these, and other types of batteries may be adopted or the numbers may be changed as necessary.

[0023] FIG. 2 shows the total output of the first battery 14 and the second battery 16 in the power system 100 as the system required power P r The power conditioner system 12 controls the supply of power and charging in the power system 100 based on this control logic. Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing a control method for the power system 100 in this embodiment.

[0024] In step S10, the system required power P r and time constant T p Based on this, the output target power P of the entire system is calculated based on Equation (1). cr where the time constant T p is the delay time constant that takes into account power transmission and measurement.

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[0025] In step S12, the supply power P supplied from the first battery 14 and the second battery 16 to the power system 10 is calculated. co Here, the supply power Pco is calculated by multiplying the total output power P of the first battery 14 and the second battery 16 by the time constant T p and are related by equation (2).

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[0026] The total output power P of the first battery 14 and the second battery 16 can be calculated by the following formula (3): Li , the output power P of the second battery 16a Ni-1 , the output power P of the second battery 16b Ni-2 is.

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[0027] In step S14, the output target power P is calculated using the formula (4). cr and the supplied power P co The power system 100 calculates a power difference value e, which is the difference between the supplied power P co The output target power P cr , that is, to minimize the power difference value e.

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[0028] In step S16, the system required power P is adjusted so that the SOC of the high-capacity first battery 14 changes gradually. r In order to correspond to the long-period component of the power difference value e, the long-period component e l and the system power requirement P r The long-period component P rl The long-period components can be extracted using, for example, a low-pass filter, as shown in FIG. 2. Here, a long period is preferably a period of 10 minutes or more. The processing of the long-period components in the high-capacity first battery 14 will be described later.

[0029] In step S18, the system required power P r In addition to the short-cycle component, the low-capacity second battery 16 is controlled relative to the first battery 14 to compensate for the short-cycle component that could not be input or output due to the control of the high-capacity first battery 14 for the long-cycle component. Here, the short cycle is preferably a cycle shorter than the long cycle in step S16. The processing of the low-capacity second battery 16 for the short-cycle component will be described later.

[0030] If the control of the power system 100 is to be continued, the processes of steps S10 to S18 are repeated.

[0031] <Processing of long-period components> 4 shows a control method for performing long-period control on the first battery 14 in step S16 of the main routine. l and system required power P r The long-period component P rl is used to control the first battery 14 as follows:

[0032] In step S20, the long-period component e of the power difference value e is calculated. l and system required power P r The long-period component P rl Get.

[0033] In step S22, the SOC of the first battery 14 is calculated. The SOC of the battery can be calculated based on the battery model shown in Fig. 5. That is, the output voltage V of the battery is calculated by equation (5) using the open circuit voltage Vo, internal resistance R, and output current I of the battery. In addition, the relationship between the battery power P and the output current V and output current I is expressed by equation (6).

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[0034] The SOC of the battery is expressed by equation (7): where C is the capacity of the battery, Q(t) is the amount of electricity stored in the battery at time t, and SOC(0) is the initial SOC.

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[0035] In step S24, the system required power P r The long-period component P rl The positive and negative sign of the long-period component e of the power difference value e l and a gain K based on the SOC of the first battery 14. Li Determine the gain K LiAs shown in the setting method in Figure 6, the system required power P r The long-period component P rl The determination is made depending on the positive or negative sign of the command, that is, whether a discharge request is made or a charge request is made.

[0036] System power requirement P r The long-period component P rl When the SOC of the first battery 14 is equal to or lower than a predetermined lower limit, the gain K Li is set to 0. As a result, discharging from the first battery 14 in a low SOC state is stopped to prevent deterioration of the battery capacity. When the SOC of the first battery 14 is greater than the lower limit and less than the upper limit, the gain K Li For example, the gain K is increased in proportion to the SOC of the first battery 14. Li This increases the discharge output of the battery with a higher SOC so that the SOCs of the plurality of batteries are uniform. When the SOC of the first battery 14 is equal to or higher than the upper limit, the gain K Li is set to the upper limit value. As a result, the output from the first battery 14, which is in a high SOC state, is increased by the gain K Li is limited to the upper limit determined by

[0037] System power requirement P r The long-period component P rl When the SOC of the first battery 14 is negative, that is, when charging is requested, the gain K Li is set to 0. As a result, charging of the first battery 14, which is in a high SOC state, is stopped in order to prevent deterioration of the battery capacity. When the SOC of the first battery 14 is lower than the upper limit value and higher than the lower limit value, the gain K Li For example, the gain K is increased in proportion to the decrease in the SOC of the first battery 14. Li This increases the charging input for the battery with a lower SOC so that the SOCs of the multiple batteries are uniform. When the SOC of the first battery 14 is below the lower limit, the gain K Liis set to the upper limit value. As a result, the charge input to the first battery 14 in a low SOC state is set to the gain K Li is limited to the upper limit determined by

[0038] The upper and lower limits of the SOC may be the same when a discharge request is made and when a charge request is made, or may be set to different values. Also, the upper and lower limits of the SOC may be set to different values ​​for each battery.

[0039] In step S26, the switching variable ψ Li That is, the switching variable ψ is calculated by time integration of the formula (8). Li In addition, when the SOC of the first battery 14 reaches the upper limit or the lower limit as a result of the processing in step S24, the switching variable ψ Li is restricted.

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[0040] In step S28, the output command value σ to the first battery 14 is calculated. Li (ψ Li ) is determined. Li (ψ Li ) is determined by suppressing excessive battery input and output and by measuring the supply power P co The target output power of the entire system is P cr In order to follow the system required power P r The long-period component P rl The determination is made depending on the positive or negative sign of the command, that is, whether a discharge request is made or a charge request is made.

[0041] System power requirement P r The long-period component P rl When is positive, that is, when discharge is required, the switching variable ψ Li When is less than 0, the output command value σ Li (ψ Li ) is set to 0. That is, the battery is over-powered and the switching variable ψLi When becomes negative, the output command value σ Li (ψ Li ) is set to 0 to stop discharging from the first battery 14. Li When is greater than 0 and less than a predetermined upper limit, the switching variable ψ Li As the output command value σ increases, Li (ψ Li ) is increased. For example, the switching variable ψ Li The output command value σ is proportional to Li (ψ Li ) is increased. This increases the switching variable ψ Li The discharge output of the first battery 14 is obtained according to the switching variable ψ. Li When the upper limit is exceeded, the output command value σ Li (ψ Li ) is set as the upper limit. This prevents the battery from continuing to run short of output. Li (ψ Li ) is preferably set to a value that can suppress deterioration of the battery capacity. Li (ψ Li It is also preferable to set the upper limit of the power consumption (V) to a value that can prevent circuit failure due to heat generation.

[0042] System power requirement P r The long-period component P rl When is negative, that is, when charging is required, the switching variable ψ Li When is 0 or more, the output command value σ Li (ψ Li ) is set to 0. That is, the battery is overcharged and the switching variable ψ Li When becomes positive, the output command value σ Li (ψ Li ) is set to 0 to stop charging the first battery 14. Li is less than 0 and greater than a predetermined lower limit, the switching variable ψ Li As the output command value σ decreases, Li (ψ Li ) is decreased. For example, the switching variable ψ Li The output command value σ is proportional to the decrease Li (ψ Li) is decreased. This reduces the switching variable ψ Li The charging input to the first battery 14 is obtained according to the switching variable ψ. Li When the output command value σ is below the lower limit Li (ψ Li ) is set to the lower limit. This prevents the battery from being overcharged. Li (ψ Li It is preferable to set the lower limit of ) to a value that can suppress deterioration of the battery capacity.

[0043] In step S30, the output command value σ Li (ψ Li ) is set in step S28. Li (ψ Li ) is required. r The long-period component P rl When is positive, that is, when a discharge is requested, the discharge from the first battery 14 is increased from 0 to the output command value σ Li (ψ Li ) the output power P Li-out Discharge control is performed within the range of the system required power P r The long-period component P rl When is negative, that is, when charging is requested, charging to the first battery 14 is performed in a range from 0 to the charging power P Li-in Charging control is performed within the range of . The current value of the first battery 14 for performing this charging / discharging control can be calculated using formulas (5) and (6). Furthermore, the change in SOC due to charging / discharging of the first battery 14 is calculated using formula (7). The calculated value of SOC is fed back to the processing of step S24.

[0044] Although the present embodiment is configured with one first battery 14, if a plurality of first batteries 14 are provided, the above processing may be performed for each battery.

[0045] <Processing of short-period components> 8 shows a control method for short-cycle control of the second battery 16 in step S18 of the main routine. r Using the power difference value e, the second battery 16 is controlled as follows.

[0046] In step S32, the system required power P r and the power difference value e are acquired. In step S34, the SOC of the second battery 16 is calculated. The SOC of the battery can be calculated in the same manner as in the processing of the long-period component described above.

[0047] In step S36, the system required power P r The gain K is calculated based on the positive / negative sign of the power difference value e and the SOC of the second battery 16. Ni Determine the gain K Ni As shown in the setting method in Figure 6, the system required power P r The determination is made depending on the positive or negative sign of the command, that is, whether a discharge request is made or a charge request is made.

[0048] System power requirement P r When the SOC of the second battery 16 is equal to or lower than a predetermined lower limit, the gain K Ni is set to 0. As a result, discharging from the second battery 16, which is in a low SOC state, is stopped in order to suppress deterioration of the battery capacity. When the SOC of the second battery 16 is greater than the lower limit and less than the upper limit, the gain K Ni For example, the gain K is increased in proportion to the SOC of the second battery 16. Ni This increases the discharge output of the battery with a higher SOC so that the SOCs of the multiple batteries are uniform. When the SOC of the second battery 16 is equal to or higher than the upper limit, the gain K Ni is set to the upper limit value. As a result, the output from the second battery 16, which is in a high SOC state, is controlled by the gain K Ni is limited to the upper limit determined by

[0049] System power requirement P rWhen the SOC of the second battery 16 is negative, that is, when charging is requested, the gain K Ni is set to 0. As a result, charging of the second battery 16, which is in a high SOC state, is stopped in order to prevent deterioration of the battery capacity. When the SOC of the second battery 16 is lower than the upper limit value and higher than the lower limit value, the gain K Ni For example, the gain K is increased in proportion to the decrease in the SOC of the second battery 16. Ni This increases the charging input for the battery with a lower SOC so that the SOCs of the multiple batteries are uniform. When the SOC of the second battery 16 is below the lower limit, the gain K Ni is set to the upper limit value. As a result, the charge input to the second battery 16, which is in a low SOC state, is set to the upper limit value of gain K Ni is limited to the upper limit determined by

[0050] The upper and lower limits of the SOC may be the same when a discharge request is made and when a charge request is made, or may be set to different values. Also, the upper and lower limits of the SOC may be set to different values ​​for each battery.

[0051] In step S38, the switching variable ψ Ni That is, the switching variable ψ is calculated by time integration of the formula (9). Ni In addition, when the SOC of the second battery 16 reaches the upper limit or the lower limit as a result of the processing in step S36, the switching variable ψ Ni is restricted.

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[0052] In step S40, the output command value σ to the second battery 16 is calculated. Ni (ψ Ni ) is determined. Ni (ψ Ni ) is determined by suppressing excessive battery input and output and by measuring the supply power P coThe target output power of the entire system is P cr In order to follow the system required power P r The determination is made depending on the positive or negative sign of the command, that is, whether a discharge request is made or a charge request is made.

[0053] System power requirement P r When is positive, that is, when discharge is required, the switching variable ψ Ni When is less than 0, the output command value σ Ni (ψ Ni ) is set to 0. That is, the battery is over-powered and the switching variable ψ Ni When becomes negative, the output command value σ Ni (ψ Ni ) is set to 0 to stop discharging from the second battery 16. Ni When is greater than 0 and less than a predetermined upper limit, the switching variable ψ Ni As the output command value σ increases, Ni (ψ Ni ) is increased. For example, the switching variable ψ Ni The output command value σ is proportional to Ni (ψ Ni ) is increased. This increases the switching variable ψ Ni The discharge output of the second battery 16 is obtained according to the switching variable ψ. Ni When the upper limit is exceeded, the output command value σ Ni (ψ Ni ) is set as the upper limit. This prevents the battery from continuing to run short of output. Ni (ψ Ni It is preferable to set the upper limit of the output command value σ ) to a value that can suppress deterioration of the battery capacity. Ni (ψ Ni It is also preferable to set the upper limit of the power consumption (V) to a value that can prevent circuit failure due to heat generation.

[0054] System power requirement P r When is negative, that is, when charging is required, the switching variable ψ Ni When is 0 or more, the output command value σ Ni (ψ Ni ) is set to 0. That is, the battery is overcharged and the switching variable ψNi When becomes positive, the output command value σ Ni (ψ Ni ) is set to 0 to stop charging the second battery 16. Ni is less than 0 and greater than a predetermined lower limit, the switching variable ψ Ni As the output command value σ decreases, Ni (ψ Ni ) is decreased. For example, the switching variable ψ Ni The output command value σ is proportional to the decrease Ni (ψ Ni ) is decreased. This reduces the switching variable ψ Ni The charging input to the second battery 16 is obtained according to the switching variable ψ. Ni When the output command value σ is below the lower limit Ni (ψ Ni ) is set to the lower limit. This prevents the battery from being overcharged. Ni (ψ Ni It is preferable to set the lower limit of ) to a value that can suppress deterioration of the battery capacity.

[0055] In step S42, the charge / discharge demand amount P chrg That is, as shown in Fig. 9, the charge / discharge demand amount P is set so that the second battery 16, which has a low capacity, does not enter the high SOC region or the low SOC region where the capacity is likely to deteriorate, but operates near the center region of the SOC. chrg The central region of the SOC is preferably set to, for example, a range of 50% to 60% of the maximum SOC of the second battery 16. If the SOC of the second battery 16 is higher than the central region, the second battery 16 is forcibly discharged, and if the SOC is lower than the central region, the second battery 16 is forcibly charged.

[0056] In step S44, the output command value σ Ni (ψ Ni ) and charge / discharge demand P chrg In other words, the second battery 16 is controlled in accordance with the output command value σ set in step S40. Ni (ψ Ni ) is the charge / discharge demand amount Pchrg The output command value for the second battery 16 is calculated by adding the system required power P r When is positive, that is, when a discharge is requested, the discharge from the second battery 16 is performed in a range from 0 to the output command value σ Ni (ψ Ni ) and the charge / discharge demand P chrg The output power P Ni-out Discharge control is performed within the range of the system required power P r When is negative, that is, when charging is requested, charging of the second battery 16 is performed in a range from 0 to the output command value σ Ni (ψ Ni ) and the required charge / discharge amount P chrg The charging power P Ni-in Charging control is performed within the range of . The current value of the second battery 16 for performing this charging / discharging control can be calculated using formulas (5) and (6). Furthermore, the change in SOC due to charging / discharging of the second battery 16 is calculated using formula (7). The calculated value of SOC is fed back to the processing of step S36.

[0057] Although the present embodiment is configured to have two second batteries 16, the above processing may be performed for each of a plurality of second batteries 16.

[0058] <Example> In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the system required power P is calculated using a pattern in which a one-minute short-period component that varies in a power range of +30 kW to -30 kW is superimposed on a one-hour long-period component that varies in a power range of +17 kW to -17 kW. r A simulation was performed on the control of the power system 100 when the load current varies.

[0059] The power system 100 is configured to include one lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery as the first battery 14 and two nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) batteries as the second batteries 16. The initial SOC of the lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery serving as the first battery 14 is set to 70%. The input limit of each nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) battery serving as the second battery 16 is set to -25 kW, and the output limit is set to +25 kW, with both batteries having an initial SOC of 60% and a center SOC of 60%.

[0060] System power requirement P r A Butterworth filter was applied as a low-pass filter to extract the long-period components of the power difference value e. The filter characteristics of the Butterworth filter are expressed by Equation (10). The order n of the Butterworth filter is 5, and the cutoff frequency ω c is set to 30ω0 (where ω0 is the fundamental frequency of the long-period component: ω0 = 2πf0, f0 = 1 / 1 time = 1 / 3600 Hz).

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[0061] 11 and 12 show the results of a simulation in this embodiment. As shown in area A of FIG. 11, the output target power P cr and the supplied power P co Although there are sections where the output target power P cr and the supplied power P co In area A, the output target power P cr and the supplied power P co The reason for the difference is that the system required power P r The long-period component P rl This is thought to be because a delay occurred in switching control during the time change, causing the lithium ion (Li-ion) battery, which is the first battery 14, to be discharged even though it should have been charged.

[0062] 12, the SOC of the lithium ion (Li-ion) battery, which is the first battery 14, changed in synchronization with the set long cycle of one hour, and the SOC of the nickel metal hydride (Ni-MH) battery, which is the second battery 16, changed in synchronization with the set short cycle of one minute. Furthermore, the range of change in the SOC of the nickel metal hydride (Ni-MH) battery, which is the second battery 16, was well within the range of 50% to 60%.

[0063] As described above, although a slight delay was observed in the switching between discharging and charging of the long-period component, the output target power P cr Power supply P co can be appropriately followed.

[0064] Furthermore, it becomes possible to supply and charge power in a decentralized manner in each power system 100, making the most of the characteristics of different types of batteries, without relying on a centralized control system from a central server. [Explanation of symbols]

[0065] 10 power system, 12 power conditioner system, 14 first battery, 16 (16a, 16b) second battery, 100 power system.

Claims

1. 1. A power system including a first battery and a second battery having a lower capacity and a higher output than the first battery, the power system controlling input / output power of the first battery and the second battery so as to reduce a difference between a system required power value and a total input / output power value of the first battery and the second battery, controlling the input / output power of the first battery according to a relationship between an SOC of the first battery, a long-cycle component in the system required power value, and a long-cycle component in the difference value; A power system comprising: a power system that controls input / output power of the second battery according to a relationship between an SOC of the second battery, the system required power value, and the difference value.

2. 2. The power system of claim 1, a power system configured to perform control such that, when the long-period component in the system required power value and the long-period component in the difference value indicate a discharge request time, the output power from the first battery increases as the SOC of the first battery increases.

3. 3. The power system according to claim 1 or 2, a power system, characterized in that, when the long-cycle component in the system required power value and the long-cycle component in the difference value indicate a time when charging is required, control is performed so that the input power to the first battery becomes smaller as the SOC of the first battery becomes larger.

4. The power system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 1. A power system comprising: a power supply system for supplying a power to and from the first battery in accordance with an SOC of the first battery;

5. The power system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, a power system configured to perform control such that, when the system required power value and the difference value indicate a discharge request time, the output power from the second battery increases as the SOC of the second battery increases.

6. 3. The power system according to claim 1 or 2, a power system, characterized in that, when the system required power value and the difference value indicate a time when charging is required, control is performed so that the input power to the second battery becomes smaller as the SOC of the second battery becomes higher.

7. The power system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, 10. A power system comprising: a power supply system for supplying a power to and from the second battery in accordance with an SOC of the second battery;

8. The power system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, 1. A power system comprising: a power supply that limits input and output of the second battery so that fluctuations in SOC of the second battery fall within a predetermined fluctuation range.

9. The power system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, A power system comprising a low-pass filter that extracts long-cycle components in the system required power value and long-cycle components in the difference value.

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