Sound output device

Abstract

The acoustic output device (100) includes a sound generating unit (110), a support member (120), and a sensor (130). The sound generating unit (110) is configured to house a sound generating unit that generates sound. The support member (120) is configured to position the sound generating unit (110) near the ear without blocking the ear canal. The sensor (130) includes at least one ultrasonic transducer located inside the sound generating unit. The sensor (130) is configured to transmit a first ultrasonic signal to the outside of the sound generating unit (110) using the at least one ultrasonic transducer. The sensor (130) is further configured to detect a second ultrasonic signal using the at least one ultrasonic transducer and determine the wearing state of the acoustic output device (100) based on the detection. The second ultrasonic signal includes the first ultrasonic signal or a reflected signal of the first ultrasonic signal. When a change in the wearing state of the sound output device (100) causes a change in the second ultrasonic signal detected by the sensor (130), the output state of the sound output device (100) changes.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] TECHNICAL FIELD This disclosure relates to the field of audio, and in particular to audio output devices. [Background technology]

[0002] In the current market, wearing detection sensors are widely used in products such as TWS (True Wireless Stereo) earphones. A typical application is to automatically wake up the system when it detects that the user is wearing the earphones, and automatically enter standby mode when it detects that the user has removed the earphones, thereby reducing power consumption and extending usage time, while also reducing user operation steps and greatly improving the user experience.

[0003] Currently, mainstream wear detection sensors include photoelectric sensors and capacitance sensors. When performing wear detection on open-type earphones, because open-type earphones do not have a fixed in-ear structure, they are unstable when worn and the wearing position may not be consistent, making it impossible to achieve ideal detection results with any of the conventional wear detection methods. For example, wear detection methods using capacitance sensors are susceptible to interference (e.g., sweat interference). Furthermore, wear detection methods using photoelectric sensors are susceptible to the effects of direct current light at different wearing positions or low-frequency optical signals during exercise.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need to provide an apparatus and method that can accurately identify the wearing status of open-type earphones. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] One embodiment of the present disclosure provides an audio output device. The audio output device includes a sound generator, a support member, and a sensor. The sound generator is configured to house a sound generator unit that generates sound. The support member is configured to position the sound generator near the ear without blocking the ear canal. The sensor includes at least one ultrasonic transducer located inside the sound generator. The sensor is configured to transmit a first ultrasonic signal to the outside of the sound generator by the at least one ultrasonic transducer. The sensor is further configured to detect a second ultrasonic signal by the at least one ultrasonic transducer and determine a wearing state of the audio output device based on the detection. The second ultrasonic signal includes the first ultrasonic signal or a reflected signal of the first ultrasonic signal. When a change in the wearing state of the audio output device causes a change in the second ultrasonic signal detected by the sensor, an output state of the audio output device changes.

[0006] In some embodiments, the sound-producing portion includes an inner wall facing the ear, and the at least one ultrasound transducer is disposed on the inner wall.

[0007] In some embodiments, the at least one ultrasonic transducer includes a vibrating element configured to generate a first ultrasonic signal, the first ultrasonic signal having a frequency of 40 kHz or greater, and an aperture in the inner wall, through which the first ultrasonic signal propagates to an exterior of the sound-generating portion.

[0008] In some embodiments, the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal is 150 kHz or greater.

[0009] In some embodiments, the angular range of the directivity of the first ultrasonic signal is between 5° and 90°.

[0010] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the apertures in the inner wall is 0.5 mm 2 ~1cm 2 is.

[0011] In some embodiments, the sound generated by the sound producing unit is guided to the outside of the sound producing section through an opening in the inner wall.

[0012] In some embodiments, a sound output hole is provided on the inner wall, and the sound generated from the sound generating unit is guided to the outside of the sound generating part through the sound output hole.

[0013] In some embodiments, the number of the at least one ultrasonic transducer is one, and the one ultrasonic transducer transmits a first ultrasonic signal outside the sound-producing unit during a transmission period and detects a second ultrasonic signal during a reception period, the second ultrasonic signal being a reflected signal of the first ultrasonic signal.

[0014] In some embodiments, the number of the at least one ultrasonic transducer is plural, and some of the plural ultrasonic transducers transmit a first ultrasonic signal to an exterior of the sound-producing unit, and other of the plural ultrasonic transducers detect a second ultrasonic signal, the second ultrasonic signal being a reflected signal of the first ultrasonic signal, and all of the plural ultrasonic transducers are located inside the sound-producing unit.

[0015] An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an audio output device. The audio output device includes a sound generator, an ear hook, and a sensor. The sound generator is configured to house a sound generator unit that generates sound. One end of the ear hook is connected to the sound generator, and the sound generator is positioned near the ear without blocking the ear canal. The other end of the ear hook is connected to a target chamber. When the audio output device is worn, the sound generator and the target chamber are located on opposite sides of the auricle. The sensor includes a first ultrasonic transducer and a second ultrasonic transducer located in the sound generator and the target chamber, respectively. The sensor is configured to transmit an ultrasonic signal from one of the first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer to the other, and to detect the ultrasonic signal from the other of the first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer. The sensor is further configured to determine a wearing state of the audio output device based on the detection. When a change in the wearing state of the audio output device causes a change in the ultrasonic signal detected by the sensor, the output state of the audio output device changes.

[0016] In some embodiments, the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal is 20 kHz or greater.

[0017] In some embodiments, the directivity of the ultrasound signal has an angular range of 5° to 90°.

[0018] In some embodiments, the sound producing portion includes an inner wall facing the ear, and the first ultrasonic transducer is disposed on the inner wall.

[0019] In some embodiments, the sensor is configured to transmit an ultrasonic signal by a first ultrasonic transducer to a second ultrasonic transducer and detect the ultrasonic signal by the second ultrasonic transducer.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first ultrasonic transducer includes a vibrating piece configured to generate an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic signal propagating through an aperture in the inner wall to an exterior of the sound-generating portion.

[0021] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the apertures in the inner wall is 0.5 mm 2 ~1cm 2 is.

[0022] In some embodiments, the sound generated by the sound producing unit is guided to the outside of the sound producing section through an opening in the inner wall.

[0023] In some embodiments, a sound output hole is provided on the inner wall, and the sound generated from the sound generating unit is guided to the outside of the sound generating part through the sound output hole.

[0024] In some embodiments, the sensor is configured to transmit an ultrasonic signal by the second ultrasonic transducer to the first ultrasonic transducer and detect the ultrasonic signal by the first ultrasonic transducer.

[0025] The present application will be further illustrated by exemplary embodiments, which are not limiting and will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, in which like numerals refer to like structures. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0026] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an audio output device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] 1 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] 1 is a schematic diagram of a low frequency ultrasonic transducer according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a canal-type acoustic output device equipped with a low-frequency ultrasonic transducer, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] 1 is a schematic diagram of an out-ear acoustic output device equipped with a low-frequency ultrasonic transducer, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] 1 is a schematic diagram of a high frequency ultrasound transducer in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] 1 is a schematic diagram of an out-ear acoustic output device equipped with a high frequency ultrasonic transducer, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] 1 is a schematic diagram of an out-ear acoustic output device provided with an ultrasonic transducer having a large directivity angle, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] 1 is a schematic diagram of an out-ear acoustic output device provided with an ultrasonic transducer having a small directivity angle, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] 1 is a schematic diagram of an out-ear acoustic output device provided with one ultrasonic transducer, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] 1 is a schematic diagram of an out-ear acoustic output device provided with multiple ultrasonic transducers, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 12] 1 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 13A] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a case where a wearing state of an out-ear type sound output device according to some embodiments of the present specification is detected. [Figure 13B] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a case where a wearing state of an out-ear type sound output device according to some embodiments of the present specification is detected. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0027] In order to more clearly describe the technical means of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings necessary for describing the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some examples or embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can apply the present application to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without any creative effort. Unless otherwise clear from the language environment or otherwise described, the same numbers in the drawings indicate the same structures or operations.

[0028] It should be understood that the terms "system," "device," "unit," and / or "module" used herein are ways of distinguishing between various assemblies, elements, components, parts, or structures at different levels, however, other terms may be used in place of the above terms if they achieve the same purpose.

[0029] As used herein and in the claims, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, terms such as "a," "one," "an," "one," and / or "the" do not specifically refer to the singular but may include the plural. In general, the terms "comprise" and "containing" merely indicate the inclusion of explicitly identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements are not an exclusive listing; a method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

[0030] This application uses flowcharts to describe operations performed by systems according to embodiments of the application. It should be understood that the preceding and subsequent operations are not necessarily performed in exact order. Instead, steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. Also, other operations may be added to these processes, or one or more operations may be removed from these processes.

[0031] 1 is a block diagram of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, an acoustic output device 100 may include a sound generating unit 110, a support member 120, and a sensor 130.

[0032] The sound generating unit 110 is disposed near the user's ear without blocking the ear canal, and the sound generating unit 110 can generate and input sound into the user's ear canal. In some embodiments, the sound generating unit 110 may include a sound generating unit.

[0033] The sound generating unit is an assembly within the audio output device 100 that converts electrical signals into sound. In some embodiments, the sound generating unit type may include moving coil, electromagnetic, capacitive, piezoelectric, and other types. Specifically, a moving coil sound generating unit includes a permanent magnet and a coil that can be used as a magnetic source. When a current passes through the coil, the coil interacts with the magnetic field generated by the magnetic source, causing a diaphragm to vibrate and generate sound. An electromagnetic sound generating unit includes an electromagnet that can be used as a magnetic source. When energized, the coil generates a magnetic field, which causes the electromagnet to attract or repel the diaphragm, generating vibrations and generating sound. A capacitive sound generating unit uses two parallel electrode plates to drive a diaphragm. The diaphragm is made of an insulating material and may have a conductive material coated on both sides. When a voltage is applied between the electrodes, the generated electric field force drives the diaphragm to vibrate and generate sound. A piezoelectric sound generating unit uses a piezoelectric ceramic or piezoelectric polymer as the diaphragm. When a voltage is applied, the shape of the piezoelectric material changes, thereby generating vibrations and generating sound.

[0034] The support member 120 is a member that secures the sound producing unit 110 near the user's ear without blocking the ear canal. In some embodiments, the support member 120 has an arc-shaped structure that fits the boundary between the user's ear and head (see support member 220 shown in FIG. 2 ). The support member 120 can be hung around the connection between the auricle and the head to hold the sound producing unit 110 near the ear without blocking the ear canal. In some embodiments, the support member 120 has a structure that fits the user's auricle, and the support member 120 can be clamped to the user's auricle. For example, the support member 120 is clamped on both sides of the user's auricle across the auricle to hold the sound producing unit 110 in place at the ear without blocking the ear canal. In some embodiments, the support member 120 may have an arc-shaped structure that fits to a region of the human head, such as the back of the user's head, the forehead, or the top of the head. For example, support member 120 may be a back-hanging structure, which may be an arcuate structure that fits the contours of the back of the user's head. In some embodiments, support member 120 may be made of a flexible, strong, lightweight, and wear-resistant material, such as polyamide, rubber, silica gel, soft plastic, titanium alloy, or stainless steel.

[0035] The sensor 130 is used to identify the wearing state of the audio output device 100. In some embodiments, the sensor 130 includes a capacitance sensor that can convert contact pressure into a capacitance value. Based on this, the capacitance sensor detects a change in capacitance between the wearing state and the non-wearing state of the audio output device 100, and can identify the wearing state and the non-wearing state of the audio output device 100 based on the magnitude of the capacitance. In some embodiments, the sensor 130 includes a pressure sensor that can convert contact pressure into an electrical signal. The pressure sensor detects a change in the electrical signal between the wearing state and the non-wearing state of the audio output device 100, and can identify the wearing state and the non-wearing state of the audio output device 100 based on the magnitude of the electrical signal. In some embodiments, the sensor 130 includes a photoelectric sensor that can convert an optical signal into an electrical signal. The photoelectric sensor detects a change in the electrical signal between the wearing state and the non-wearing state of the audio output device 100, and can identify the wearing state and the non-wearing state of the audio output device 100 based on the magnitude of the electrical signal.

[0036] In some embodiments, the sensor 130 includes at least one ultrasonic transducer. The ultrasonic transducer is used to transmit and / or detect ultrasonic waves. The sensor 130 transmits a first ultrasonic signal using the ultrasonic transducer, detects a second ultrasonic signal, and can determine the wearing state of the acoustic output device 100 based on the detected second ultrasonic signal. In some embodiments, the second ultrasonic signal includes the first ultrasonic signal or a reflected signal of the first ultrasonic signal. For example, if the detected second ultrasonic signal is a reflected signal of the first ultrasonic signal, when the acoustic output device 100 is in an unworn state, the transmitted first ultrasonic signal propagates directly to the outside, making it impossible to detect the second ultrasonic signal. Also, for example, if the detected second ultrasonic signal is a reflected signal of the first ultrasonic signal, when the acoustic output device 100 is in a worn state, the transmitted first ultrasonic signal is effectively reflected by the human ear, increasing the strength of the reflected signal, and therefore the strength of the detected second ultrasonic signal is greater than the strength of the transmitted first ultrasonic signal. Furthermore, for example, if the detected second ultrasonic signal is the first ultrasonic signal, when the sound output device 100 is in the unworn state, the intensity of the transmitted first ultrasonic signal will match or tend to match the intensity of the detected second ultrasonic signal, whereas when the sound output device 100 is in the worn state, the second ultrasonic signal cannot be detected. This allows the wearing state of the sound output device 100 to be determined based on a comparison between the second ultrasonic signal and the first ultrasonic signal.

[0037] In some embodiments, the functional modules included in the ultrasonic transducer may be configured as needed. For example, the ultrasonic transducer may include functional modules for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves. For example, the ultrasonic transducer may include a transmitting functional module for transmitting ultrasonic waves and a receiving functional module for receiving ultrasonic waves. As an example, the ultrasonic transducer includes a piezoelectric material. Exemplary piezoelectric materials include piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric crystals (e.g., barium titanate, lead zirconate titanate, etc.), piezoelectric polymers (e.g., polyvinylidene fluoride), etc., or any combination thereof. Due to the piezoelectric effect / inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material, the ultrasonic transducer can convert electrical energy into mechanical vibrations to generate ultrasonic signals, and when the ultrasonic transducer receives an ultrasonic signal, mechanical vibrations are generated in response to generate electrical energy.

[0038] In some embodiments, the sensor 130 further includes a control circuit. The control circuit can identify whether the audio output device 100 is in a worn state or an unworn state based on the detection of the second ultrasonic signal. In some embodiments, when the sensor 130 detects a change in the second ultrasonic signal, it can determine that the worn state of the audio output device 100 has changed. For example, if the detected second ultrasonic signal is a reflected signal of the first ultrasonic signal, it can determine that the audio output device 100 has switched from the unworn state to the worn state when the intensity of the second ultrasonic signal increases. Also, for example, if the detected second ultrasonic signal is the first ultrasonic signal, it can determine that the audio output device 100 has switched from the worn state to the unworn state when the intensity of the second ultrasonic signal decreases. In some embodiments, a threshold value for the difference in intensity between the transmitted first ultrasonic signal and the detected second ultrasonic signal is preset in the control circuit. The threshold value is the minimum difference between the intensity of the first ultrasonic signal and the intensity of the second ultrasonic signal. The control circuit can determine the difference in intensity between the first ultrasonic signal and the second ultrasonic signal. When the detected second ultrasonic signal is a reflected signal of the first ultrasonic signal, if the difference is greater than a threshold, the control circuit can determine that the acoustic output device 100 is in a worn state. When the difference is equal to or less than the threshold, the control circuit can determine that the acoustic output device 100 is in an unworn state. When the detected second ultrasonic signal is the first ultrasonic signal, if the difference is greater than a threshold, the control circuit can determine that the acoustic output device 100 is in a worn state. When the difference is equal to or less than the threshold, the control circuit can determine that the acoustic output device 100 is in an unworn state. In some embodiments, the threshold may be set as needed. For example, the threshold may be set to a large value to reduce the probability of false detection and improve the accuracy of wear detection. A false detection, as described herein, refers to the sensor detecting an unworn state of the acoustic output device as a worn state due to contact with a non-ear structure (e.g., a finger).

[0039] In some embodiments, when a change in the wearing state of the audio output device 100 causes a change in the second ultrasonic signal of the sensor 130, the output state of the audio output device 100 changes accordingly. Specifically, when the audio output device 100 is in the wearing state, the audio output device 100 is switched to the operating state, i.e., the sound production unit starts generating sound. When the audio output device 100 is in the unwearing state, the audio output device 100 is switched to the inoperating state, i.e., the sound production unit stops generating sound. In some embodiments, a control circuit can control the switching of the output state of the audio output device 100. When the control circuit detects that the intensity of the second ultrasonic signal has increased or that the difference (the difference in intensity between the first ultrasonic signal and the second ultrasonic signal) is equal to or greater than a threshold, the control circuit controls the audio output device 100 to switch to the operating state. When the control circuit detects that the intensity of the second ultrasonic signal has decreased or that the difference is smaller than the threshold, the control circuit controls the audio output device 100 to switch to the inoperating state.

[0040] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic transducer may be located in the sound producing unit 110, and the ultrasonic transducer transmits and receives ultrasonic signals. For example, the ultrasonic transducer may include a transmitting function module that transmits a first ultrasonic signal and a receiving function module that receives a second ultrasonic signal. In some embodiments, the sensor 130 includes multiple ultrasonic transducers, and the multiple ultrasonic transducers may be located in the sound producing unit 110, and some of the multiple ultrasonic transducers are used to transmit the first ultrasonic signal and other ultrasonic transducers are used to receive the second ultrasonic signal.

[0041] In some embodiments, the sensor 130 includes two ultrasonic transducers, one located in the sound producing unit 110 and the other located in the target chamber, or the positions of the two are swapped. In some embodiments, the sensor 130 includes multiple ultrasonic transducers, some of the multiple ultrasonic transducers for transmitting ultrasonic signals are located in the housing of the sound producing unit 110, and other of the multiple ultrasonic transducers for receiving ultrasonic signals are located in the target chamber, or the positions of the two are swapped. The target chambers are chambers located on both sides of the sound producing unit 110 and the auricle when the acoustic output device 100 is in the worn state. In some embodiments, the target chamber is a battery compartment of the acoustic output device 100. In some embodiments, the target chamber is a cavity in a portion of the interior of the support member 120.

[0042] In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 100 may further include a housing that accommodates the sound generating unit 110 and the sensor 130. The housing may be connected to the support member 120. The housing is an outer shell structure that accommodates and protects the components located therein. In some embodiments, the shape of the housing may be a rectangular parallelepiped, a substantially rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder, an ellipsoid, or another regular or irregular three-dimensional structure. The housing may be designed as an integrated or separate unit. For example, the housing may include two parts located at both ends of the support member 120 and respectively connected to the support member 120, with one part being used to accommodate the sound generating unit 110 and the other part being used to form the target chamber. In some embodiments, the material of the housing may be metal, plastic, ceramic, etc., so that the housing has good strength, wear resistance, and interference resistance and effectively protects the internal components (e.g., the sound generating unit 110 and the sensor 130). For more information regarding the acoustic output device, please refer to other parts of this specification, such as Figures 2 and 12 and their related descriptions.

[0043] The open-type (or out-ear) audio output device 100 does not have a fixed in-ear structure, and its wearing position is less stable and consistent. The audio output device 100 detects its wearing status using an ultrasonic transducer. The ultrasonic sensor is not affected by substances such as sweat and rainwater, and can reduce the probability of false detection of the wearing status of the audio output device 100, making it more suitable for detecting the wearing status of open-type earphones.

[0044] 2 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2, acoustic output device 200 may include a sound generating unit 210, a support member 220, and a sensor 230. In some embodiments, sound generating unit 110, support member 220, and sensor 230 are exemplary embodiments of sound generating unit 110, support member 120, and sensor 130 shown in FIG. 1.

[0045] In some embodiments, the sound producing unit 210 (which may also be referred to as a housing that accommodates the sound producing unit) is substantially rectangular (or track-shaped). A cavity that accommodates the sound producing unit 211 is provided inside the sound producing unit 210. The sound producing unit 211 is capable of generating sound. In some embodiments, a sound output hole (not shown) is provided on a side surface of the sound producing unit 210 (for example, a side surface that is close to and substantially parallel to the user's ear), and sound generated by the sound producing unit 211 is output through the sound output hole and received by the user's ear canal.

[0046] In some embodiments, the support member 220 is an ear hook and is formed into an arc-shaped structure that fits the boundary between the user's ear and head. In some embodiments, the support member 220 has a hook-shaped portion 221, and when the acoustic output device 200 is in a worn state, the hook-shaped portion 221 of the support member 220 is hooked between the user's auricle and head, and the hook-shaped portion 221 extends away from the head and is connected to one end of the sound generating unit 210, thereby fixing the sound generating unit 210 in a position near the ear canal without blocking the ear canal.

[0047] In some embodiments, the sensor 230 includes at least one ultrasonic transducer 231, and the ultrasonic transducer 231 included in the sensor 230 is located within the sound producing unit 210. The ultrasonic transducer 231 can transmit a first ultrasonic signal to the outside of the sound producing unit 210 and detect a second ultrasonic signal. The second ultrasonic signal is a reflected signal of the first ultrasonic signal. In some embodiments, when the acoustic output device 200 is in a worn state, the first ultrasonic signal is reflected by a user's ear structure (e.g., the concha), and the ultrasonic transducer 231 receives the reflected signal of the first ultrasonic signal (i.e., the second ultrasonic signal), and the intensity of the second ultrasonic signal is greater than that of the first ultrasonic signal. In some embodiments, when the acoustic output device 200 is in an unworn state, the first ultrasonic signal is not reflected and propagates directly to the outside, and the ultrasonic transducer 231 cannot receive the second ultrasonic signal. In some embodiments, when the acoustic output device 200 is in an unworn state, the first ultrasonic signal is reflected by an object other than the user's ear structure, and the intensity of the second ultrasonic signal received by the ultrasonic transducer 231 matches or tends to match the intensity of the first ultrasonic signal.

[0048] In some embodiments, the sensor 230 further includes a control circuit (not shown), which can detect the second ultrasonic signal and determine the wearing state of the acoustic output device 200 based on the detection. For example, the control circuit can determine that the acoustic output device 200 is in the wearing state when it detects that the intensity of the second ultrasonic signal is greater than that of the first ultrasonic signal. Alternatively, for example, the control circuit can determine that the acoustic output device 200 is in the unwearing state when it detects that the intensity of the second ultrasonic signal is close to or equal to that of the first ultrasonic signal. Alternatively, for example, the control circuit can determine that the acoustic output device 200 is in the unwearing state when it cannot detect the second ultrasonic signal. In some embodiments, the control circuit can be communicatively connected to the ultrasonic transducer 231. The ultrasonic transducer 231 can transmit the first ultrasonic signal and the second ultrasonic signal to the control circuit in real time. In some embodiments, a first threshold value for the difference in intensity between the first ultrasonic signal and the second ultrasonic signal is preset in the control circuit. When the control circuit detects that the difference in intensity between the second ultrasonic signal and the first ultrasonic signal is greater than or equal to a first threshold, it can determine that the acoustic output device 200 is in a worn state, and when the control circuit detects that the difference in intensity between the second ultrasonic signal and the first ultrasonic signal is less than the first threshold, it can determine that the acoustic output device 200 is in an unworn state.

[0049] In some embodiments, when a change in the wearing state of the audio output device 200 is detected, the control circuitry may control the audio output device 200 to change its output state. When the control circuitry determines that the audio output device 200 has switched from the unworn state to the worn state, it controls the audio output device 200 to switch to the operating state, and when the control circuitry determines that the audio output device 200 has switched from the worn state to the unworn state, it controls the audio output device 200 to switch to the inoperating state.

[0050] It should be noted that the acoustic output device 200 shown in FIG. 2 is merely used for illustrative purposes and is not intended to be limiting. For example, the support member 220 may have a back-hanging structure. For example, the sensor 230 includes a plurality of ultrasonic transducers 231. Furthermore, for example, the ultrasonic transducer 231 includes a plurality of functional modules. For more information regarding the acoustic output device 200, please refer to FIGS. 10 and 11 and related descriptions.

[0051] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic transducer 231 includes a vibrating stud. The vibrating stud includes a piezoelectric material, and the inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material allows the vibrating stud to convert an electrical signal into a mechanical vibration, which then induces air vibrations to generate an ultrasonic signal. When the ultrasonic transducer 231 receives an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic signal induces air vibrations, which then generate mechanical vibrations in the vibrating stud. The inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material allows the vibrating stud to convert the mechanical vibrations into an electrical signal. The ultrasonic transducer 231 applies an electrical signal to the vibrating stud and identifies the electrical signal generated by the vibrating stud, thereby achieving transmission and reception of the ultrasonic signal.

[0052] In some embodiments, the vibrating element can generate a first ultrasonic signal. Because the acoustic output device 200 uses an open-type wearing method, the angle and position of the sound generating unit 210 relative to the ear may vary each time the user wears the acoustic output device 200, resulting in a variable wearing position of the sound generating unit 210. In order to more accurately detect the wearing state of the sound generating unit 210 (or the acoustic output device 200), it is necessary to improve the spatial directivity of the ultrasonic transducer 231. If the directivity is sufficiently strong, the first ultrasonic signal transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer 231 can be reflected and effectively detected only when the sound generating unit 210 is worn at a specific position and angle. In some embodiments, the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer 231 can be increased to improve the directivity of the ultrasonic transducer 231, thereby more accurately detecting the wearing state of the sound generating unit 210 and reducing the probability of false detection.

[0053] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a low frequency ultrasonic transducer according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0054] A low-frequency ultrasonic transducer is an ultrasonic transducer that transmits ultrasonic signals at a frequency lower than a certain value. For example, the frequency of the ultrasonic signals transmitted from the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer is lower than 40 kHz, 30 kHz, 25 kHz, etc. As shown in FIG. 3, the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer 331 can be considered a single point sound source. The low-frequency waves emitted from the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer 331 are diffused over a large angle (e.g., 360°). At this time, the ultrasonic signals transmitted from the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer 331 are not directional. The directivity described in the specification may refer to the directional angle of the ultrasonic signals transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer, which corresponds to the angle at which the ultrasonic signals are diffused from the ultrasonic transducer. The smaller the directional angle of the ultrasonic signal, the better the directivity. The diffusing angle of the ultrasonic signal shown in FIG. 3 is 360°, and at this time, the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer 331 is not directional.

[0055] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a canal-type acoustic output device equipped with a low-frequency ultrasonic transducer, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0056] A canal-type sound output device is a sound output device that blocks the user's ear canal when worn. As shown in Fig. 4, when a user wears a canal-type sound output device 300, the tip of the sound output device 300 penetrates deep into the user's ear canal, blocking the ear canal 310, and the portion of the sound output device 300 that is close to the ear canal (e.g., portion A) is blocked by the user's ear hook 320. When the canal-type sound output device 300 performs wearing detection, low-frequency waves emitted from the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer 331 are diffused 360°, and ultrasonic signals in the wearing detection direction along the user's ear canal are strengthened by reflection from the ear canal structure, and ultrasonic signals that move away from the user's ear canal are also strengthened by blocking and reflection from the ear structure. In other words, ultrasonic signals transmitted from the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer 331 are blocked by the user's ear structure, and false detection basically does not occur. As a result, even if the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer 331 is applied to the canal type sound output device 300, the wearing state of the canal type sound output device 300 can be accurately detected.

[0057] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an out-ear acoustic output device equipped with a low-frequency ultrasonic transducer, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0058] An out-ear audio output device (e.g., audio output device 200) is an audio output device that is placed close to the user's ear when worn and does not block the ear canal. As shown in FIG. 5, when a user wears an out-ear audio output device, the entire out-ear audio output device is in an open state. When an out-ear audio output device performs wear detection, low-frequency waves emitted from the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer 331 are diffused 360°. Ultrasonic signals in the wear detection direction facing the user's ear are strengthened by reflection from the ear structure, but ultrasonic signals in other directions cannot be blocked by the ear structure and leak from various angles and positions. Therefore, objects in other directions interfere with the ultrasonic signals, resulting in false detection. Furthermore, when an out-ear audio output device is worn, there is a large variation in the angle and position relative to the ear, which increases the probability of objects appearing in other directions, increasing the probability of false detection. Therefore, in the case of an out-ear audio output device, the low-frequency ultrasonic generating unit 331 cannot accurately detect its wearing state.

[0059] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a high frequency ultrasound transducer according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0060] A high-frequency ultrasonic transducer is an ultrasonic transducer that transmits ultrasonic signals at a frequency higher than a certain value. For example, the frequency of the ultrasonic signals transmitted from the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer is higher than 40 kHz, 50 kHz, etc. As shown in FIG. 6, the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 631 can be regarded as a surface sound source, and the high-frequency waves emitted from the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 631 can be directionally diffused. For example, the high-frequency waves are directionally diffused to one side of the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 631, and at this time, the ultrasonic signals transmitted from the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 631 have directionality.

[0061] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an out-ear acoustic output device equipped with a high frequency ultrasonic transducer, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0062] As shown in Figure 7, when an out-ear type audio output device performs wearing detection, the high frequency waves emitted from the high frequency ultrasonic transducer 631 propagate along a specific direction and can identify whether or not an obstructing structure exists in that specific direction. When the out-ear type audio output device is worn effectively, the ultrasonic signal transmitted from the high frequency ultrasonic transducer 631 is mainly blocked and reflected by the user's ear structure in the transmission direction and is not generally affected by obstructions in other directions, so false detection does not generally occur. Because the ultrasonic signal transmitted from the high frequency ultrasonic transducer 631 is directional, the reflected signal can only be received by wearing the sound-generating unit of the out-ear type audio output device at a specific position and angle. Based on this, by using the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 631, various possible improper wearing forms of the out-ear type sound output device can be eliminated. For example, if there is an offset angle between the actual wearing position and the correct wearing position of the out-ear type sound output device, the sensor cannot detect the second ultrasonic signal, or the difference between the detected second signal and the transmitted first ultrasonic signal does not meet the condition (for example, is smaller than the threshold value), at this time, the improper wearing of the out-ear type sound output device is detected as not being in a wearing state.

[0063] In some embodiments, the higher the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal of the ultrasonic transducer, the stronger its directionality, thereby reducing the probability of false detection. In some embodiments, the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal is 40 kHz or higher. In some embodiments, to further improve the directionality of the first ultrasonic signal, the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal is 100 kHz or higher. In some embodiments, to direct the first ultrasonic signal in a specific direction and improve the accuracy of identifying the wearing state, the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal is 150 kHz or higher. Preferably, the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal is 180 kHz or higher. More preferably, the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal is 200 kHz or higher.

[0064] By limiting the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal, various possible improper wearing patterns of the out-ear type acoustic output device can be eliminated. By increasing the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal, the directivity of the first ultrasonic signal can be improved, thereby reducing the probability of false detection due to other factors.

[0065] In some embodiments, the directivity (or directivity angle) of the first ultrasonic signal transmitted by at least one ultrasonic transducer 231 may be set within a predetermined angle range. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an out-of-ear acoustic output device provided with an ultrasonic transducer having a large directivity angle according to some embodiments of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 8, if the directivity angle of the first ultrasonic signal transmitted from at least one ultrasonic transducer 231 is large, for example, if the directivity angle is 120°, the transmission path of the first ultrasonic signal may not be completely covered by the user's ear structure (ear region 810 shown in FIG. 8). The leaked first ultrasonic signal may be reflected by other objects, resulting in a false touch and a false detection. For example, when touching the acoustic output device 200, if a finger is placed in the transmission path of the first ultrasonic signal, the control circuit may erroneously determine that the acoustic output device 200 is in a worn state and erroneously switch the operating state of the acoustic output device 200.

[0066] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an out-ear acoustic output device provided with an ultrasonic transducer having a small directivity angle according to some embodiments of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 9, when the directivity angle of the first ultrasonic signal transmitted from at least one ultrasonic transducer 231 is small, for example, when the directivity angle is 30°, the transmission path of the first ultrasonic signal is completely covered by the user's ear structure (ear region 810 shown in FIG. 9), making it less likely for an erroneous touch to occur. Therefore, in some embodiments, the preset angle range may be 5° to 90°. In some embodiments, to further improve the directivity of the first ultrasonic signal, the preset angle range may be 10° to 70°. Preferably, the preset angle range may be 10° to 60°. More preferably, the preset angle range may be 10° to 50°.

[0067] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2 , the sound generating unit 210 includes an inner wall that faces the user's ear when worn. In some embodiments, the area of ​​the inner wall of the sound generating unit 210 may be as large as possible so that the sound generating unit 210 can cover more of the user's ear when worn, ensure the sound collection effect of the user's ear canal, and reduce the probability of false detection. However, the area of ​​the inner wall may be as small as possible to ensure the light weight of the sound output device 200 and meet the user's wearing comfort requirements. Therefore, when setting the area of ​​the inner surface, various factors such as sound collection effect and wearing comfort must be comprehensively considered. In some embodiments, the area of ​​the inner wall is within the range of 1 mm. 2 ~100mm 2 Preferably, the area of ​​the inner wall is 10 mm 2 ~80mm 2 More preferably, the area of ​​the inner wall is 20 mm 2 ~60mm 2 is.

[0068] In some embodiments, due to positional limitations of the sound producing unit 211, at least one ultrasonic transducer 231 may be disposed on the inner wall. In some embodiments, the position of the ultrasonic transducer 231 within the effective projected area of ​​the inner wall is not limited. The effective projected area is the area of ​​the inner wall directly facing the ear. By positioning the ultrasonic transducer 231 within the effective projected area, it is possible to ensure that the transmission path of the first ultrasonic signal of the ultrasonic transducer 231 stops at the ear. In some embodiments, the effective projected area of ​​the inner wall is equal to or less than the area of ​​the inner wall.

[0069] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic transducer 231 is installed close to the connection point (see point B in FIG. 2 ) between the sound producing unit 210 and the support member 220, which allows the support member 220 to support a larger portion of the mass of the ultrasonic transducer 231, improving stability when the sound producing unit 210 is attached and reducing the probability of swing-off when attached. The connection point may be the region where the connection point between the sound producing unit 210 and the support member 220 is located.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present specification, the ultrasonic transducer 231 is provided on the inner wall of the sound producing unit 210, thereby ensuring sufficient space inside the sound producing unit for installing the sound producing unit 211. Furthermore, when the sound producing unit 210 is worn, the inner wall faces the user's ear, and the ultrasonic signal (e.g., the first ultrasonic signal) transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer 231 can be received by the ear, making wearing detection more accurate and sensitive.

[0071] In some embodiments, an aperture is provided in the inner wall, and the first ultrasonic signal propagates to the outside of the sound generating unit 210 through the aperture. In some embodiments, the aperture is located in the transmission path of the first ultrasonic signal transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer 231, thereby allowing the first ultrasonic signal to propagate to the outside of the sound generating unit 210 through the aperture. In some embodiments, the shape of the aperture may include, but is not limited to, a regular or irregular shape, such as a square, a circle, or a polygon. In some embodiments, the number of apertures in the inner wall may be one, two, or more. In some embodiments, the multiple apertures provided in the inner wall may be distributed in an array or irregularly. In some embodiments, the intensity of the ultrasonic signal transmitted and received by the ultrasonic transducer 231 may be adjusted by adjusting the area, number, or density of the apertures. In some embodiments, the apertures in the inner wall may be covered with a waterproof / dustproof net to prevent the apertures from affecting the reliability of the audio output device.

[0072] In some embodiments, the first ultrasonic signal has a high frequency and a relatively short wavelength, making it less susceptible to the effects of related structures (e.g., apertures, attenuation nets, waterproof / dustproof nets, etc.) of the acoustic output device 200. Therefore, transmission and reception of ultrasonic signals can be achieved without setting the aperture area of ​​the inner wall to a large value. A smaller aperture area is more beneficial for protecting the integrity of the acoustic output device 200. However, the aperture area should not be too small, otherwise a large portion of the transmitted and reflected ultrasonic signals will be blocked by the housing of the sound-generating unit 210, resulting in fewer ultrasonic signals being transmitted and received by the ultrasonic transducer 231. In some embodiments, the aperture area range is set to 0.5 mm or less to protect the integrity of the acoustic output device 200 and avoid fewer ultrasonic signals being transmitted and received by the ultrasonic transducer 231. 2 ~100mm 2 The area coverage here refers to the sum of the area coverage of one or more apertures in the inner wall. In some embodiments, to further protect the integrity of the acoustic output device 200, the area coverage of the apertures may be less than 0.5 mm. 2 ~50mm2 Preferably, the area of ​​the apertures is 1 mm 2 ~30mm 2 More preferably, the area of ​​the opening is 5 mm 2 ~20mm 2 is.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present specification, by using a high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 231, it is possible to transmit and receive ultrasonic signals without setting a large opening area in the inner wall, thereby reducing the assembly requirements of the ultrasonic transducer 231 in the sound output device 200.

[0074] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic transducer 231 and the sound generating unit 211 may share an opening, eliminating the need to provide a separate sound output hole on the inner wall. The first ultrasonic signal transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer 231 and the sound generated by the sound generating unit are both guided to the outside of the sound generating unit 210 through the opening. At this time, the vibrating bar of the ultrasonic transducer 231 may face the opening, and the projected positions of the center of the vibrating bar and the center of the opening on the ear may be close to each other. Furthermore, the sound generating unit 211 needs to be provided as close to the opening as possible. In some embodiments, the distance range of the projected positions of the center of the vibrating bar and the center of the opening on the inner wall is 0 mm to 10 mm (e.g., 0 mm to 8 mm, 0 mm to 5 mm, etc.).

[0075] In some embodiments herein, the ultrasonic transducer 231 and the sound-producing unit 211 share an aperture, thereby avoiding the need for multiple apertures in a limited inner wall area and protecting the integrity of the sound output device 200. The aperture area may be appropriately large to ensure the output performance of the ultrasonic transducer 231 and the sound-producing unit 211 without increasing the space occupied by the apertures on the inner wall.

[0076] In some embodiments, an opening and a sound emitting hole may be provided at the inner wall at the same time, and the ultrasonic transducer 231 and the sound generating unit 211 may correspond to the opening and the sound emitting hole, respectively. The first ultrasonic signal transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer 231 is guided to the outside of the sound generating unit 210 through the opening, and the sound generated from the sound generating unit 211 is guided to the outside of the sound generating unit 210 through the sound emitting hole.

[0077] In some embodiments herein, the ultrasonic transducer 231 and the sound-emitting unit 211 correspond to the opening and the sound-emitting hole, respectively, which allows more flexibility in selecting the mounting position of the ultrasonic transducer 231.

[0078] In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 200 includes one ultrasonic transducer 231, and the ultrasonic transducer 231 has a function of transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals. In some embodiments, the single ultrasonic transducer 231 transmits a first ultrasonic signal to the outside of the sound generating unit 210 during a transmission period and detects a second ultrasonic signal during a reception period. The second ultrasonic signal is a reflected signal of the first ultrasonic signal. In terms of time series, the reception period follows the transmission period, and the interval between the transmission period and the reception period may be longer than the vibration attenuation period of the ultrasonic transducer 231. The vibration attenuation period is the time it takes for vibrations to attenuate after the ultrasonic transducer finishes transmitting a signal.

[0079] When the acoustic output device 200 performs wearing detection, when the ultrasonic transducer 231 is far from the ear, the second ultrasonic signal does not return to the ultrasonic transducer 231 during the attenuation period. As a result, the damping vibration during the attenuation period does not affect the detection of the second ultrasonic signal by the ultrasonic transducer 231. That is, the damping vibration and the vibration that detects the second ultrasonic signal do not mix and interfere with each other. When the ultrasonic transducer 231 is close to the ear, the second ultrasonic signal may return to the ultrasonic transducer 231 during the attenuation period. As a result, the damping vibration during the attenuation period affects the detection of the second ultrasonic signal by the ultrasonic transducer 231. That is, the damping vibration and the vibration that detects the second ultrasonic signal mix and interfere with each other. When the ultrasonic transducer 231 is close to the ear, the attenuation period may be as short as possible to avoid affecting the detection of the second ultrasonic signal by the ultrasonic transducer 231. In some embodiments, the higher the frequency of the ultrasonic signal, the shorter the attenuation period. Therefore, when the ultrasonic transducer 231 is close to the ear, it is necessary to use an ultrasonic transducer 231 that transmits ultrasonic signals at a high frequency (e.g., 40 kHz, 100 kHz, 150 kHz, 180 kHz, or 200 kHz). In some embodiments, the sensor 230 can determine the wearing state of the sound output device 200 based on the first ultrasonic signal transmitted by the ultrasonic transducer 231 during the transmission period and the second ultrasonic signal received during the reception period. For example, if the sensor 230 cannot receive an ultrasonic signal during the reception period, the sensor 230 determines that the sound output device 200 is in an unworn state. Also, for example, if the difference in intensity between the first ultrasonic signal transmitted during the transmission period and the second ultrasonic signal received during the reception period is within a preset range, the sensor 230 determines that the sound output device 200 is in an unworn state. If the difference in intensity between the first ultrasonic signal transmitted during the transmission period and the second ultrasonic signal received during the reception period is outside a preset range, the sensor 230 determines that the acoustic output device 200 is in an unworn state.

[0080] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an out-of-ear acoustic output device equipped with one ultrasonic transducer, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 10 , when the acoustic output device 200 is in a worn state, the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 231 transmits a first ultrasonic signal with directionality facing the ear during a transmission period. The transmission path of the first ultrasonic signal is completely or partially blocked by the ear (ear region 810 shown in FIG. 10 ), forming a reflection. The ultrasonic transducer 231 receives a reflected second ultrasonic signal during a reception period. Because the ear strengthens the reflected signal, if the signal strength of the second ultrasonic signal is greater than the signal strength of the first ultrasonic signal, the sensor 230 determines that the acoustic output device 200 is in a worn state. When the acoustic output device 200 is not in a worn state, the first ultrasonic signal is directly scattered to the outside or blocked by a distant object, forming a weak reflection, and the ultrasonic transducer 231 receives either no ultrasonic signal or a weak second ultrasonic signal during a reception period. If the second ultrasonic signal is absent, or if the signal strength of the second ultrasonic signal is less than the signal strength of the first ultrasonic signal, the sensor 230 determines that the acoustic output device 200 is in an unworn state.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present specification, the use of an ultrasonic transducer 231 having the function of transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals reduces the mass of the sound output device 200, satisfies the requirement for light weight of the sound output device 200, reduces the burden on the user when wearing it, and is advantageous in reducing product costs.

[0082] In some embodiments, the sound output device 200 includes a plurality of ultrasonic transducers 231. Some of the ultrasonic transducers 231 have a function of transmitting an ultrasonic signal and transmit a first ultrasonic signal to the outside of the sound generation unit 210. Other ultrasonic transducers 231 have a function of receiving an ultrasonic signal and receive and detect a second ultrasonic signal. Both the ultrasonic transducer 231 with a transmitting function and the ultrasonic transducer 231 with a receiving function are provided inside the sound generation unit 210. In some embodiments, the sensor 230 can determine the wearing state of the sound output device 200 based on the first ultrasonic signal transmitted by the ultrasonic transducer 231 with a transmitting function and the second ultrasonic signal received by the ultrasonic transducer 231 with a receiving function. For example, if the ultrasonic transducer 231 with a receiving function cannot receive an ultrasonic signal, the sensor 230 determines that the sound output device 200 is in an unworn state. Furthermore, for example, if the intensity of the second ultrasonic signal received by the ultrasonic transducer having a receiving function 231 is equal to or less than the intensity of the first ultrasonic signal transmitted by the ultrasonic transducer having a transmitting function 231, the sensor 230 determines that the acoustic output device 200 is in an unworn state. Furthermore, for example, if the intensity of the second ultrasonic signal received by the ultrasonic transducer having a receiving function 231 is greater than the intensity of the first ultrasonic signal transmitted by the ultrasonic transducer having a transmitting function 231, the sensor 230 determines that the acoustic output device 200 is in a worn state. In some embodiments, the ultrasonic transducer having a transmitting function 231 is a high-frequency ultrasonic transducer, and the ultrasonic transducer having a receiving function 231 is a low-frequency ultrasonic transducer or a high-frequency ultrasonic transducer.

[0083] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an out-of-ear acoustic output device provided with multiple ultrasonic transducers according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 11 , when the acoustic output device 200 is in a worn state, the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 231A transmits a first ultrasonic signal with directionality facing the ear. The transmission path of the first ultrasonic signal is completely or partially blocked by the ear (ear region 810 shown in FIG. 11 ), forming a reflection. The ultrasonic transducer 231B receives the reflected second ultrasonic signal. If the signal strength of the second ultrasonic signal is greater than the strength of the first ultrasonic signal, the sensor 230 determines that the acoustic output device 200 is in a worn state. When the acoustic output device 200 is not in a worn state, the first ultrasonic signal is directly scattered to the outside or is blocked by a distant object, forming a weak reflection, and the ultrasonic transducer 231B does not receive the ultrasonic signal or receives a weak second ultrasonic signal. If the second ultrasonic signal is absent, or if the signal strength of the second ultrasonic signal is less than the signal strength of the first ultrasonic signal, the sensor 230 determines that the acoustic output device 200 is in an unworn state.

[0084] In some embodiments of the present specification, by separately providing an ultrasonic transducer 231 having a transmitting function and an ultrasonic transducer 231 having a receiving function, it is not necessary to distinguish between the transmitting time and the receiving time of the ultrasonic transducer 231, and the time at which the ultrasonic transducer 231 transmits ultrasonic waves can be set more flexibly in the time domain.

[0085] 12 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 12, the acoustic output device 300 may include a sound generating unit 310, an ear hook 320, a sensor 330, and a target chamber 340.

[0086] In some embodiments, the sound generating unit 310 has a cavity therein for accommodating a sound generating unit 311 that generates sound. The ear hook 320 positions the sound generating unit 310 near the ear without blocking the ear canal. When the sound output device 300 is worn, one end of the ear hook 320 that is close to the face is connected to the sound generating unit 310, and one end of the ear hook 320 that is close to the back of the head is connected to the target chamber 340. The sound generating unit 310 and the target chamber 340 are disposed across the user's auricle, and are located on either side of the auricle.

[0087] In some embodiments, the sound generating unit 310, the ear hook 320, and the sensor 330 are exemplary embodiments of the sound generating unit 110, the support member 120, and the sensor 130 shown in FIG. 1 . In some embodiments, the sound generating unit 310, the ear hook 320, and the sensor 330 are similar to the sound generating unit 210, the support member 220, and the sensor 230 shown in FIG. 2 , and the acoustic output device 300 may selectively use technical features related to the acoustic output device 200. For more information about the sound generating unit 310, the ear hook 320, and the sensor 330, please refer to the related description of FIG. 2 . The acoustic output device 300 shown in FIG. 3 is used for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting. For example, the target chamber 340 may be provided in any area adjacent to the back of the head of the ear hook 320 and is not limited to being connected to one end of the ear hook 320 adjacent to the back of the head.

[0088] Target chamber 340 is a cavity that accommodates second ultrasonic transducer 332. In some embodiments, target chamber 340 can be cylindrical, rectangular, or another customized shape to meet the layout requirements of the internal assembly. In some embodiments, the material of target chamber 340 may be selected from ABS plastic, metal alloy, or other appropriate materials to ensure light weight, durability, and comfortable wearing. In some embodiments, acoustic output device 300 includes a battery or a circuit motherboard, which may be provided in sound generating unit 310, target chamber 340, or ear hook 320.

[0089] In some embodiments, the sensor 330 includes a first ultrasonic transducer 331 and a second ultrasonic transducer 332. The first ultrasonic transducer 331 is located in the sound-emitting portion 310, and the second ultrasonic transducer 332 is located in the target chamber 340. The first ultrasonic transducer 331 can transmit ultrasonic signals to the second ultrasonic transducer 332, and the second ultrasonic transducer 332 can receive the ultrasonic signals. Alternatively, the second ultrasonic transducer 332 can transmit ultrasonic signals to the first ultrasonic transducer 331, and the first ultrasonic transducer 331 can receive the ultrasonic signals. For ease of explanation, it is assumed hereinafter that the first ultrasonic transducer 331 is used to transmit ultrasonic signals and the second ultrasonic transducer 332 is used to receive ultrasonic signals. When the acoustic output device 300 is worn, the ultrasonic signal transmitted from the first ultrasonic transducer 331 is blocked by the user's auricle, so that the second ultrasonic transducer 332 receives no ultrasonic signal or receives only a very small amount of ultrasonic signal.

[0090] When the directivity of an ultrasonic transducer that transmits an ultrasonic signal (e.g., the first ultrasonic transducer 331) is insufficient, the ultrasonic signal transmitted from the first ultrasonic transducer 331 may leak from the periphery of the pinna and be received by the ultrasonic transducer that receives the ultrasonic signal (e.g., the second ultrasonic transducer 332), which may result in an erroneous detection of the wearing state. To more accurately detect the wearing state of the sound output device 300, the spatial directivity of the ultrasonic transducer that transmits the ultrasonic signal may be improved. When the directivity is sufficiently strong, the ultrasonic signal transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer that transmits the ultrasonic signal may be completely blocked by the pinna. In some embodiments, the frequency of the ultrasonic signal transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer that transmits the ultrasonic signal is increased, thereby improving the directivity of the ultrasonic transducer that transmits the ultrasonic signal, thereby enabling more accurate detection of the wearing state of the sound output device 300. In some embodiments, the frequency of the ultrasonic signal transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer that transmits the ultrasonic signal is 20 kHz or higher. In some embodiments, to further improve the directivity of the first ultrasonic transducer 331, the frequency of the ultrasonic signal is 40 kHz or higher. Preferably, the frequency of the ultrasonic signal is 80 kHz or higher. Preferably, the frequency of the ultrasonic signal is 100 kHz or higher. Preferably, the frequency of the ultrasonic signal is 150 kHz or higher. Preferably, the frequency of the ultrasonic signal is 180 kHz or higher. More preferably, the frequency of the ultrasonic signal is 200 kHz or higher. In some embodiments, characteristics other than the installation position of the ultrasonic transducer that receives the ultrasonic signal, such as ultrasonic frequency, power, directivity, etc., may be the same as those of the ultrasonic transducer that transmits the ultrasonic signal. In some embodiments, since it is necessary to receive only the ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic transducer that receives the ultrasonic signal may be lower than the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic transducer that transmits the ultrasonic signal. In some embodiments, since it is necessary to receive only the ultrasonic signal, the power of the ultrasonic transducer that receives the ultrasonic signal may be lower than the power of the ultrasonic transducer that transmits the ultrasonic signal.In some embodiments, since only ultrasound signals need to be received, the directivity of the ultrasound transducer that receives the ultrasound signals may be less than the directivity of the ultrasound transducer that transmits the ultrasound signals.

[0091] In some embodiments, the sensor 330 can determine the wearing state of the acoustic output device 300 based on the ultrasonic signal detected by the ultrasonic transducer that receives the ultrasonic signal. For example, if the sensor 330 detects no ultrasonic signal or only a very small ultrasonic signal, the sensor 330 determines that the acoustic output device 300 is in the wearing state; otherwise, the sensor 330 determines that the acoustic output device 300 is in the unwearing state. In some embodiments, the sensor 330 can determine the wearing state of the acoustic output device 300 based on the ultrasonic signal transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer that transmits the ultrasonic signal and the ultrasonic signal detected by the ultrasonic transducer that receives the ultrasonic signal. For example, if the intensity of the transmitted ultrasonic signal and the intensity of the detected ultrasonic signal match or tend to match, the sensor 330 determines that the acoustic output device 300 is in the unwearing state; otherwise, the sensor 330 determines that the acoustic output device 300 is in the wearing state. In some embodiments, the sensor 330 presets a second threshold value for the difference in intensity between the transmitted ultrasonic signal and the detected ultrasonic signal. Specifically, if the ultrasonic signal cannot be detected or the difference in intensity between the transmitted and detected ultrasonic signals is greater than the second threshold, the sensor 330 determines that the acoustic output device 300 is in the worn state, and if the intensity of the transmitted and detected ultrasonic signals is the same or the difference is less than the second threshold, the sensor 330 determines that the acoustic output device 300 is in the unworn state. In some embodiments, the second threshold may be determined according to a required probability of false detection, and the higher the second threshold, the lower the probability of false detection.

[0092] In some embodiments, when the sensor 330 detects a change in the wearing state of the sound output device 300, the sensor 330 controls the output state of the sound output device 300 to change accordingly. When the sensor 330 determines that the sound output device 300 has been switched from the non-wearing state to the wearing state, the sensor 330 controls the sound output device 300 to switch to an operating state, for example, to control the sound output unit 311 to generate sound, and when the sensor 330 determines that the sound output device 300 has been switched from the wearing state to the non-wearing state, the sensor 330 controls the sound output device 300 to switch to an inoperating state, for example, to control the sound output unit 311 to stop generating sound.

[0093] 13A and 13B are schematic diagrams illustrating a case where the wearing state of an out-ear type acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is detected. When the acoustic output device 300 is in an unworn state, as shown in FIG. 13A , the first ultrasonic transducer 331 transmits an ultrasonic signal with directionality facing the second ultrasonic transducer 332, and the second ultrasonic transducer 332 receives the ultrasonic signal. If the intensity of the ultrasonic signal received by the second ultrasonic transducer 332 is the same as the intensity of the ultrasonic signal transmitted by the first ultrasonic transducer 331, or if the difference in intensity is smaller than a second threshold, the sensor 330 determines that the acoustic output device 300 is in an unworn state. When the acoustic output device 300 is in a worn state, as shown in FIG. 13B, the path along which the first ultrasonic transducer 331 transmits an ultrasonic signal to the second ultrasonic transducer 332 is completely or partially blocked by the ear (ear region 810 shown in FIG. 13B), and the second ultrasonic transducer 332 cannot receive the ultrasonic signal, or the difference in intensity between the received ultrasonic signal and the transmitted ultrasonic signal is greater than the second threshold, and the sensor 330 determines that the acoustic output device 300 is in a worn state.

[0094] The wearing status of the sound output device 300 is detected using ultrasonic transducers provided on both sides of the auricle, respectively. The wearing requirements for the sound output device 300 are low, more wearing positions of the sound output device 300 can be allowed, and the ultrasonic transducers have more stable signal transmission and good directionality, which results in higher sensitivity of wearing detection.

[0095] Having described the basic concepts above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the detailed disclosure above is merely provided as an example and is not intended to limit the present specification. Although not expressly described herein, those skilled in the art may make various changes, improvements, and modifications to the present application. These changes, improvements, and modifications are intended to be suggested by this specification and are therefore within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present specification.

[0096] Additionally, certain terms are used herein to describe embodiments of the present specification. For example, "one embodiment," "one embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to certain features, structures, or characteristics associated with at least one embodiment of the present specification. Therefore, it is emphasized and understood that references to "one embodiment," "one embodiment," or "one alternative embodiment" more than once in various parts of the present specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, some features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present specification may be combined, as appropriate.

[0097] Additionally, unless expressly stated in the claims, the enumerated order, use of alphanumeric characters, or use of other designations of processing elements or sequences described herein does not limit the order of the procedures and methods herein. While the above disclosure has described through various examples what are presently believed to be various useful embodiments of the invention, it should be understood that such details are merely illustrative, and that the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but rather are intended to cover all modifications and equivalent combinations within the spirit and scope of the embodiments herein. For example, the system assembly described above may be implemented by a hardware device, but may also be implemented by a software-only solution, for example, by installing the described system on an existing server or mobile device.

[0098] Similarly, in the foregoing description of embodiments herein, it should be understood that various features may be grouped together in a single embodiment, drawing, or description for the purpose of simplifying the disclosure and facilitating an understanding of one or more embodiments of the invention. However, this method of disclosure should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed subject matter requires more features than are recited in each claim. In fact, an embodiment may include fewer than all features of a single embodiment disclosed above.

[0099] In some examples, numbers describing the number of components and attributes are used, and it should be understood that the numbers describing such examples are modified in some instances by the modifiers "about," "approximately," or "generally." Unless otherwise specified, "about," "approximately," or "generally" indicates that the number can vary by ±20%. Thus, in some examples, all numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximations that may vary depending on the specific requirements of a particular example. In some examples, numerical parameters should be calculated taking into account the number of significant digits specified and ordinary rounding techniques should be applied. While in some examples, the numerical ranges and parameters used to determine ranges are approximations, in specific examples, such numerical values ​​are set as precisely as possible.

[0100] All patents, patent applications, published patent applications, and other materials, such as papers, books, specifications, publications, and documents, referenced herein are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, except for prosecution history documents that are inconsistent with or inconsistent with the content of this specification and documents that may have a limiting effect on the broadest scope of the claims herein (now or later related to this specification). Furthermore, to the extent that explanations, definitions, and / or term usage in the accompanying materials herein are inconsistent with or inconsistent with the content set forth herein, the explanations, definitions, and / or term usage in this specification shall control.

[0101] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the principles of the embodiments herein. Other variations may be within the scope of the present disclosure. Thus, by way of example, and not of limitation, alternative configurations of the embodiments herein may be considered consistent with the teachings herein. Thus, the embodiments herein are not limited to the embodiments expressly introduced and described herein. [Explanation of symbols]

[0102] 100, 200, 300 sound output device 110, 210, 310 sound generation section 120, 220 Support member 130, 230, 330 sensors 320 Ear hook 211 311 pronunciation unit 221 Hook-shaped part 340 Target Chamber 810 ear area

Claims

1. An audio output device, comprising: a sound generating unit configured to house a sound generating unit for generating sounds; a support member configured to position the sound generating unit near the ear without blocking the ear canal; and a sensor including at least one ultrasonic transducer located inside the sound-producing unit, wherein the sensor is configured to transmit a first ultrasonic signal to the outside of the sound-producing unit by the at least one ultrasonic transducer, and the sensor is further configured to detect a second ultrasonic signal by the at least one ultrasonic transducer and determine the wearing state of the sound output device based on the detection, wherein the second ultrasonic signal includes the first ultrasonic signal or a reflected signal of the first ultrasonic signal, and when a change in the wearing state of the sound output device causes a change in the second ultrasonic signal detected by the sensor, the output state of the sound output device changes.

2. The acoustic output device according to claim 1 , wherein the sound-producing unit includes an inner wall facing the ear, and the at least one ultrasonic transducer is disposed on the inner wall.

3. the at least one ultrasonic transducer includes a vibrating element configured to generate the first ultrasonic signal, the first ultrasonic signal having a frequency of 40 kHz or greater; The sound output device according to claim 2 , wherein an opening is provided in the inner wall, and the first ultrasonic signal propagates to an outside of the sound generating unit through the opening.

4. 4. The sound output device according to claim 3, wherein the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal is 150 kHz or higher.

5. 4. The sound output device according to claim 3, wherein the angular range of the directivity of the first ultrasonic signal is 5° to 90°.

6. The area of ​​the opening in the inner wall is 0.5 mm ２ ~1cm ２ The sound output device according to claim 3 , wherein:

7. The sound output device according to claim 3 , wherein the sound generated from the sound generating unit is guided to the outside of the sound generating section through the opening in the inner wall.

8. 4. The sound output device according to claim 3, wherein the inner wall is provided with a sound output hole, and the sound generated from the sound generating unit is guided to the outside of the sound generating section through the sound output hole.

9. The acoustic output device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the number of the at least one ultrasonic transducer is one, the one ultrasonic transducer transmits the first ultrasonic signal to the outside of the sound generating unit during a transmission period and detects the second ultrasonic signal during a reception period, and the second ultrasonic signal is a reflected signal of the first ultrasonic signal.

10. The acoustic output device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the number of the at least one ultrasonic transducer is plural, some of the plural ultrasonic transducers transmit the first ultrasonic signal outside the sound generating unit, and other of the plural ultrasonic transducers detect the second ultrasonic signal, the second ultrasonic signal being a reflected signal of the first ultrasonic signal, and all of the plural ultrasonic transducers are located inside the sound generating unit.

11. An audio output device, comprising: a sound generating unit configured to house a sound generating unit for generating sounds; an ear hook having one end connected to the sound generating unit, the sound generating unit being positioned near the ear without blocking the ear canal, and the other end connected to a target chamber, so that the sound generating unit and the target chamber are positioned on both sides of the auricle when the sound output device is worn; and a sensor including a first ultrasonic transducer and a second ultrasonic transducer located within the sound-emitting unit and the target chamber, respectively, wherein the sensor is configured to transmit an ultrasonic signal by one of the first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer to the other, and to detect the ultrasonic signal by the other of the first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer, and the sensor is further configured to determine a wearing state of the acoustic output device based on the detection, and when a change in the wearing state of the acoustic output device causes a change in the ultrasonic signal detected by the sensor, the output state of the acoustic output device changes.

12. 12. The sound output device according to claim 11, wherein the frequency of the ultrasonic signal is 20 kHz or higher.

13. 12. The sound output device according to claim 11, wherein the ultrasonic signal has a directivity in an angular range of 5° to 90°.

14. 12. The acoustic output device according to claim 11, wherein the sound-producing section includes an inner wall facing the ear, and the first ultrasonic transducer is disposed on the inner wall.

15. 15. The acoustic output device of claim 14, wherein the sensor is configured to transmit the ultrasonic signal to the second ultrasonic transducer by the first ultrasonic transducer and detect the ultrasonic signal by the second ultrasonic transducer.

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