Power Conditioning System

Abstract

To reduce imbalance and suppress deterioration of a storage battery facility in an electric power adjustment system.SOLUTION: An electric power adjustment system includes an arithmetic device that calculates a predetermined command to be output to a load facility and a storage battery facility connected to an electric power system, wherein the arithmetic device includes: a facility selection unit that selects the load facility or the storage battery facility as a response facility, based on an imbalance continuation time or an adjustment force command from a demand adjustment market; an adjustable quantity calculation unit that calculates an adjustable quantity and an adjustment power unit price of each facility, based on an operation plan of each of the load facility and the storage battery facility; and an adjustment device response quantity determination unit that calculates and outputs a response quantity of the response facility, based on the response facility selected by the facility selection unit and the adjustable quantity and the adjustment power unit price of each facility calculated by the adjustable quantity calculation unit.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to power conditioning systems. [Background technology]

[0002] With the recent liberalization of the electricity retail market, many electricity retailers have begun selling electricity. In order to stabilize a power grid with multiple electricity retailers, each electricity retailer must constantly maintain a balance between supply and demand.

[0003] For this reason, retail electricity suppliers are required to match their planned power demand with actual power demand in 30-minute increments. If they are unable to achieve this simultaneous balance in 30-minute increments, they must pay an imbalance fee, a penalty based on the difference in power demand, to the power transmission and distribution company. For this reason, there is an urgent need to develop technology that utilizes balancing power to reduce this imbalance.

[0004] The use of battery storage facilities such as electric vehicles (EVs) is attracting attention as a means of adjusting power to reduce the imbalance, which is the difference between planned values ​​and actual power demand, and various companies are developing technologies for utilizing the adjusting power of batteries.

[0005] Patent Document 1 discloses a supply and demand control device connected via a communication network to a charge and discharge control device that controls the charging and discharging of an energy storage device connected to the distribution lines of an energy distribution system, and the supply and demand control device calculates the value of a first evaluation function, which is the sum of the energy purchase cost, natural discharge loss cost, storage battery life cost, energy transmission loss cost, and charge and discharge loss cost for a certain period of time in the future, based on a predicted planned load power generation, a charge and discharge command amount when controlling the charging and discharging of the energy storage device, and the energy storage amount of the energy storage device, calculates the charge and discharge command amount based on the value of the first evaluation function, creates an energy purchase plan based on the charge and discharge command amount, predicts the load and energy generation in the energy distribution system for a certain period from the present time, and calculates the value of a second evaluation function, which is the sum of the energy purchase cost, natural discharge loss cost, storage battery life cost, energy transmission loss cost, charge and discharge loss cost, and a penalty cost that is incurred based on the difference between the actual energy purchase amount and the energy purchase amount in the energy purchase plan when energy is purchased based on the energy purchase plan for a certain period from the present time, and calculates the charge and discharge command amount to be issued to the charge and discharge control device based on the value of the second evaluation function. Patent Document 1 also discloses determining a charge / discharge command amount that minimizes the value of a first evaluation function as a planned charge / discharge command amount, and determining a charge / discharge command that minimizes the value of a second evaluation function. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 5864821 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] In Patent Document 1, a charge / discharge command is generated to minimize the sum of the power purchase cost, natural discharge loss cost, storage battery life cost, power transmission loss cost, and charge / discharge loss cost, and therefore, loss-free operation of storage batteries is being studied. However, if the response to the reduction in imbalance is not appropriately controlled, whether it should be load equipment such as air conditioning or lighting, or the storage battery equipment, then the storage battery equipment will be excessively charged / discharged, which may accelerate the deterioration of the storage battery.

[0008] An object of the present disclosure is to reduce imbalance and suppress deterioration of storage battery equipment in a power adjustment system. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The power adjustment system of the present disclosure includes a calculation device that calculates predetermined commands to be output to load equipment and storage battery equipment connected to a power grid, and the calculation device has an equipment selection unit that selects load equipment or storage battery equipment as response equipment based on the duration of the imbalance or an adjustment capacity command from the supply and demand adjustment market, an adjustable amount calculation unit that calculates the adjustable amount and adjustment capacity unit price of each equipment based on the operation plan of each load equipment and storage battery equipment, and a regulation equipment response amount determination unit that calculates and outputs the response amount of the response equipment based on the response equipment selected by the equipment selection unit and the adjustable amount and adjustment capacity unit price of each equipment calculated by the adjustable amount calculation unit. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to the present disclosure, in a power adjustment system, it is possible to reduce imbalance and suppress deterioration of storage battery equipment. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of facilities used for power adjustment at a business establishment owned by a consumer. [Figure 2] 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating a power adjustment system according to a first embodiment. [Figure 3]3 is a flowchart showing a process of determining charging priority in a storage battery equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 102 in FIG. 2. FIG. [Figure 4] 3 is a flowchart showing an example of a calculation process of SOHQ in deterioration rate calculation section 103 of FIG. 2. FIG. [Figure 5] 5 is a graph showing the change over time of SOC obtained by the calculation process of FIG. 4. [Figure 6] 3 is a flowchart showing an example of a calculation process of an adjusted Wh unit price in the storage battery charge / discharge unit price calculation unit 104 of FIG. 2. FIG. [Figure 7] 10 is a graph showing an example of changes over time in actual demand and procurement amount. [Figure 8] 3 is a flowchart showing an example of a calculation process in facility selection unit 105 of FIG. 2. FIG. [Figure 9A] 3 is a table (raising DR risk table) showing an example of the results of determining the imbalance risk from date and time information in the imbalance risk determination unit 106 of FIG. 2. [Figure 9B] 3 is a table (downward DR risk table) showing an example of the results of determining the imbalance risk from date and time information in the imbalance risk determination unit 106 of FIG. 2. [Figure 10] 3 is a flowchart showing an example of a calculation process in an adjustment device response amount determination unit 107 of FIG. 2. FIG. [Figure 11] 3 is a schematic diagram showing a part of the calculation process in an adjustment device response amount determination unit 107 in FIG. 2. FIG. [Figure 12] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a system using a centralized EMS. [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a power adjustment system having a centralized EMS. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing a power adjustment system according to a third embodiment. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a flow diagram showing an example of a calculation process for making a power procurement request in the facility selection unit 600 of FIG. 14. [Figure 16] FIG. 10 is a partial configuration diagram showing a power adjustment system to which a configuration for determining a demand shift has been added. [Figure 17]FIG. 1 is a partial configuration diagram showing a power adjustment system having a configuration for correcting a charging Wh unit price and a discharging Wh unit price. [Figure 18] 10 is an image showing an example of a GUI for a facility manager. [Figure 19] FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram showing a power adjustment system according to a seventh embodiment. [Figure 20] 20 is a graph showing an example of the results of demand forecasting by the power adjustment system of FIG. 19. [Figure 21] FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram showing a power adjustment system according to an eighth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings and the like. The following description shows specific examples of the contents of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure is not limited to these descriptions. Various changes and modifications are possible by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical ideas disclosed in this specification. Furthermore, in all drawings used to explain the present disclosure, components having the same function are designated by the same reference numerals, and repeated description thereof may be omitted. [Example]

[0013] In the first embodiment, a consumer corrects the imbalance by using a power adjustment system.

[0014] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of facilities used for power adjustment at a business establishment owned by a consumer.

[0015] In this diagram, the business establishment owned by the consumer is a factory, a building, etc. The business establishment is configured to receive power from a power grid 1 through a switchboard 2. The business establishment is also equipped with load equipment 16, power generation equipment 17, and battery storage equipment 18.

[0016] The load equipment 16 includes an air conditioning equipment 3, an air conditioning controller 4 that controls the air conditioning equipment 3, a lighting equipment 5, and a lighting controller 6 that controls the lighting equipment 5. The load equipment 16 is equipment that consumes electricity, and specifically, is a load of a consumer such as the air conditioning equipment 3 or the lighting equipment 5. In this embodiment, the load equipment 16 is used as a power demand adjustment function.

[0017] The power generation facility 17 includes a photovoltaic power generation system 7 (PV) and a power converter 8 for supplying electricity obtained by the PV to a load. The electricity obtained by the power generation facility 17 may not only be supplied to the load, but also stored in a power storage facility described below.

[0018] The storage battery equipment 18 includes an electric vehicle 9 (EV) used as an official vehicle or the like, a charger 10 used to charge the EV, a stationary storage battery equipment 11 used for purposes such as supplying power to a business premises during a power outage, and a power converter 12 for supplying power to a load. Note that in this embodiment, the storage battery equipment 18 will be described as equipment equipped with both an EV and the stationary storage battery equipment 11, but it is sufficient that the storage battery equipment 18 is equipped with at least either an EV or the stationary storage battery equipment 11.

[0019] The switchboard 2, the air conditioning controller 4, the lighting controller 6, the power converter 8, the charger 10, and the power converter 12 are connected to the XEMS 15. Here, XEMS 15 is a general term for various energy management systems, and includes HEMS (home energy management system), BEMS (building energy management system), FEMS (factory energy management system), etc.

[0020] The XEMS 15 is also connected to a smart meter 14 for measuring the amount of power of other loads 13. The XEMS 15 receives the power consumption / supply values ​​from each device via communication, and performs overall power monitoring and control for power optimization.

[0021] XEMS15 can also receive data on the amount of electricity procured by contracted retail electricity suppliers. Here, the amount of electricity procured is the amount of electricity procurement plan that the retail electricity supplier submits to the Organization for Cross-regional Coordination of Transmission Operators, etc., and is a predetermined value that the retail electricity supplier must adhere to. For example, retail electricity suppliers are required to maintain the same amount of electricity procured over a 30-minute period, so they are obligated to ensure that the actual demand and the amount of electricity procured over a 30-minute period are equal. If they deviate from this, they will be required to pay an imbalance fee as a penalty.

[0022] Next, the control for adjusting the imbalance using the equipment shown in FIG. 1 will be explained.

[0023] FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a power adjustment system.

[0024] The power conditioning system shown in this diagram is assumed to be built into the XEMS 15. Note that the power conditioning system may have some of its functions located in the controller unit of each piece of equipment.

[0025] In this diagram, the power adjustment system includes a calculation device that calculates predetermined commands to be output to load equipment, storage battery equipment, and power generation equipment connected to the power grid. While this embodiment will be described using an example of a business establishment that has power generation equipment installed, when adjusting power at a business establishment that does not have power generation equipment, the calculation system can simply calculate predetermined commands to the load equipment and storage battery equipment. The calculation device includes a load equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 100, a power generation equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 101, a storage battery equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 102, a deterioration rate calculation unit 103, a storage battery charge / discharge unit cost calculation unit 104, an equipment selection unit 105, an imbalance risk determination unit 106, and an adjustment device response amount determination unit 107.

[0026] First, since XEMS15 needs to grasp the adjustable amount of each facility, the load equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 100 calculates the load equipment adjustable amount and the adjustment Wh unit price from the load equipment information and operation information, and transmits them to the adjustment equipment response amount determination unit 107.

[0027] The power generation facility adjustable amount calculation unit 101 calculates the power generation facility adjustable amount and the adjustment Wh unit price from the power generation facility information and operation information, and transmits them to the adjustment device response amount determination unit 107.

[0028] The battery equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 102 calculates the battery equipment adjustable amount and charging priority from the battery equipment information and the battery equipment operation information, and transmits them to the battery charge / discharge unit cost calculation unit 104.

[0029] Here, operation information is, for example, an operation plan based on the actual operation of facilities including air conditioning and lighting, and is a pre-determined plan to operate the corresponding equipment at a specified time. The adjustment Wh unit price (adjustment power unit price) is a value with a unit of, for example, ¥ / Wh, and is the unit price per Wh (amount of power) calculated based on the performance that decreases due to degradation when the equipment is operated as adjustment power, and fuel costs. In the case of a storage battery facility, it is the charge / discharge capacity that decreases due to degradation. If this is large, it is an indicator that indicates that operating as adjustment power will increase economic losses. The adjustment Wh unit price is also called the "adjustment power unit price." The unit price per Wh of the imbalance charge is called the "imbalance charge unit price."

[0030] The load equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 100, the power generation equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 101, and the storage battery equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 102 are collectively referred to as the "adjustable amount calculation unit."

[0031] The deterioration rate calculation unit 103 calculates the deterioration rate from the storage battery equipment information and transmits it to the storage battery charge / discharge unit cost calculation unit 104. This is because the storage battery equipment needs to use the deterioration rate as a parameter.

[0032] The storage battery charge / discharge unit cost calculation unit 104 calculates an adjustment Wh unit cost using the deterioration rate and the charge priority, and transmits it to the adjustment device response amount determination unit 107. The deterioration rate of the storage battery can be calculated from the SOC and charge / discharge power at two points before and after charging or discharging the storage battery.

[0033] The facility selection unit 105 outputs information on the required adjustment capacity and the facility that should respond (response facility) based on the actual demand and the power procurement amount to the adjustment device response amount determination unit 107. Here, the actual demand is, for example, the real-time power demand value of the business establishment recorded in the switchboard 2 (FIG. 1). The facility selection unit 105 selects which facility to operate as adjustment capacity based on the trend of the deviation (imbalance) between the actual demand and the power procurement amount. The imbalance can also be described as the difference between the power demand amount and the power procurement amount. In summary, the facility selection unit 105 selects one of the load facility, the storage battery facility, and the power generation facility as the response facility based on the duration of the imbalance equal to or greater than a predetermined value. The facility selection unit 105 may determine whether or not each facility should respond by comparing the adjustment capacity unit price with the imbalance unit price. Note that if the business establishment does not have any power generation facilities, the facility selection unit 105 selects the load facility or the storage battery facility as the response facility.

[0034] The imbalance risk determination unit 106 determines the imbalance risk from, for example, date and time information, and outputs an index for determining whether or not a regulation capacity response should be made to the regulation device response amount determination unit 107 .

[0035] The adjustment device response amount determination unit 107 calculates and outputs a load equipment command value, a battery equipment command value, and a power generation equipment command value based on data from the load equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 100, the power generation equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 101, the battery charge / discharge unit cost calculation unit 104, the equipment selection unit 105, and the imbalance risk determination unit 106. Note that if no power generation equipment is installed in the business premises, the adjustment device response amount determination unit 107 calculates and outputs a load equipment command value and a battery equipment command value.

[0036] The load equipment adjustable amount, which is the output of the load equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 100, is, for example, in the case of air conditioning equipment, the adjustment amount for a change in the set temperature within an allowable temperature range, such as (current temperature) ± several degrees Celsius, and in the case of lighting equipment, it is the adjustment amount for an allowable change in lighting intensity from the current lighting intensity. There are two types of load equipment adjustable amounts: the adjustable amount in the direction of decreasing the load (downward DR direction) and the adjustable amount in the direction of increasing the load (upward DR direction). Here, DR is an abbreviation for Demand Response.

[0037] However, if there is a separately determined operation schedule for load equipment such as air conditioning equipment, there are cases where room temperature, light intensity, etc. should not be changed through adjustment. Therefore, if an operation schedule is specified in the operation information, the adjustment amount will be output as 0. As for the Wh unit price, even if it is operated as adjustment power, no deterioration will occur, so the equipment loss will be a value close to 0. However, in the case of an upward DR, a loss equivalent to the electricity rate will occur, so it will become the price of the electricity rate. In other words, an upward DR is the electricity rate price, and a downward DR is 0. Note that although the load equipment adjustment possible amount calculation unit 100 calculates air conditioning and lighting together, they may also be calculated separately.

[0038] The power generation facility adjustable amount, which is the output of the power generation facility adjustable amount calculation unit 101, is the adjustable amount from the current PV power output until power generation is stopped and set to 0 kW. In this embodiment, since only PV is treated as power generation facility, only upward DR, which is an operation to suppress output, is targeted, but for facilities that can perform downward DR, such as diesel generators, the adjustable amount of downward DR can also be set.

[0039] As with load equipment, if a power generation facility has a separately determined operation schedule, there are cases where the adjustment should not be changed. Therefore, if an operation schedule is specified in the operation information, the adjustment amount will be output as 0. In terms of the Wh unit price, adjusting the DR upward will waste the PV power generation amount, so the Wh unit price equivalent to the electricity bill will be lost. Therefore, the adjustment Wh unit price is the electricity rate price.

[0040] The battery equipment adjustable capacity calculation unit 102 takes into account operation information of the battery equipment, such as EV operation reservation information, in the same way as for load equipment, etc. For example, when using an EV for official use at a business, operation information such as the time of use is input. This calculation is necessary because when using an EV, if the state of charge (SOC) is below the target SOC, charging is required before operation, such as ensuring that the SOC is met before operation.

[0041] From this perspective, the charging priority is determined.

[0042] Charging priorities include charge priority and discharge prohibition, charge permission and discharge permission, charge instruction, and charge and discharge prohibition. Charge priority and discharge prohibition occurs when charging is necessary because the target SOC is below, but there is still time until the usage time, so charging is prioritized when responding with regulation capability and discharge is prohibited. Charge permission and discharge permission occurs when the target SOC is met, so regulation capability response can be performed without restrictions. Charging instruction occurs when charging is necessary to achieve the target SOC. Charge and discharge prohibition occurs when use is prohibited in regulation capability response because the usage time is approaching.

[0043] FIG. 3 is a flow diagram showing a process for determining charging priorities in the battery equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 102 of FIG.

[0044] In FIG. 3, first, in step S1, the charging start time is calculated using the following three equations.

[0045] (Difference SOC) = (Target SOC) - (Current SOC) (Required charging time) = (Difference SOC) × (Battery capacity) / (Charger maximum charging output) (Charging start time) = (reserved time) - (required charging time) - (charging time margin) Here, the reservation time is also called the "reservation time."

[0046] Then, in step S2, it is determined whether the current time (present time) is before the above-mentioned charging start time (charging start time). In other words, it is determined whether the following formula is satisfied.

[0047] (Current time) < (Charging start time) The reason why the term corresponding to time is referred to as "hours" as above is that in the above calculations, time is converted into numbers for calculation.

[0048] If the answer is Yes in step S2, it is determined in step S3 whether the following formula is satisfied.

[0049] (Difference SOC)>0 If the answer is Yes in step S3, charging is prioritized and discharging is prohibited in step S4. On the other hand, if the answer is No in step S3, charging is permitted but discharging is permitted in step S5.

[0050] If the answer is No in step S2, it is determined in step S6 whether the following formula is satisfied.

[0051] (Current SOC)<(Target SOC) If the answer is Yes in step S6, a charge command is issued to charge up to the target SOC in step S7. If the answer is No in step S6, charging and discharging are prohibited in step S8.

[0052] Finally, in step S9, the adjustable amount is calculated within the charger's permitted output range. For example, when the SOC is 100%, the chargeable amount becomes 0 kW, and the charger cannot output more than its maximum output value. Therefore, this is an operation to observe the limit value imposed by the charger.

[0053] By carrying out steps S1 to S9, the target SOC can be reached by the reserved time, and if the current SOC is below the target SOC, priority is given to charging only, thereby enabling efficient utilization of the adjustment power.

[0054] The difference between the charging priority and charging permission processes will be described in detail later in the description of FIG. 6 as the process in the storage battery charge / discharge unit cost calculation unit 104.

[0055] The deterioration rate calculation unit 103 calculates the capacity deterioration rate (SOHQ) from information on the charger and the power converter of the battery storage equipment. If the SOHQ can be measured in the battery storage equipment and acquired via communication from XEMS, this can be used, but there are few cases where battery storage equipment has the function to send SOHQ to XEMS. Therefore, it is often necessary to measure SOHQ from information available from XEMS.

[0056] FIG. 4 is a flow diagram showing an example of a calculation process of the SOHQ in the deterioration rate calculation unit 103 of FIG.

[0057] In FIG. 4, first, in step S100, the battery equipment is turned off and left idle for a certain period of time. This is to return the acquired SOC value used to calculate the SOHQ to the initial value that is displayed when the power is turned on and has little calculation error. When the power is turned on for a long time or when power is being input or output for a long time, errors in the current sensor are likely to occur in the SOC calculation, making it difficult to acquire an SOC based on the battery voltage. Therefore, in order to acquire an SOC based on the battery voltage using the XEMS, it is desirable to restart the battery equipment itself and to pause for a certain period of time until the battery voltage settles down. Note that "ON" and "OFF" refer to turning the power on and off.

[0058] Next, in step S101, the power is turned on, and the SOC after the power is turned on (current SOC (hereinafter referred to as "current SOC")) is recorded as SOC1. Then, in step S102, charging or discharging is performed.

[0059] Thereafter, in step S103, when charging or discharging is stopped, it is determined whether the following formula is satisfied.

[0060] |(current SOC)-SOC1|>(SOC threshold) If the answer is Yes in step S103, the process proceeds to step S104, where the battery equipment is turned off and left in a rest state for a certain period of time. Next, in step S105, the power is turned on, and the SOC after the power is turned on (current SOC) is recorded as SOC2.

[0061] Finally, in step S106, the current full charge capacities Qmax and SOHQ are calculated using the following equations (1) and (2), and SOHQ is updated.

[0062]

number

[0063]

number

[0064] In the formula, charge / discharge kWh is the absolute value of the amount of power charged or discharged in step S102. Charge / discharge efficiency is the charge / discharge efficiency when taking into account losses associated with charging and discharging of the charger. Initial full charge capacity is the full charge capacity of a new storage battery equipment listed in the product specifications.

[0065] The calculation process shown in this figure may be performed periodically to calculate SOHQ, or if the process up to step S103 is successful (if the answer is Yes in step S103), steps S104 and onward may be performed as needed.

[0066] By calculating the SOHQ in this way, the SOHQ can be obtained even with an XEMS that cannot obtain detailed battery information about the battery storage facility.

[0067] FIG. 5 is a graph showing the change over time in SOC obtained by the calculation process of FIG.

[0068] As shown in this figure, first, the power is turned off at any timing, and then the power is turned on after a certain period of rest. The SOC at this time (current SOC) is recorded as SOC1. Then, for example, after a charging process, the power is turned off, and after a certain period of rest, the power is turned on. In this case, there is often a difference (difference from before rest) between the SOC immediately before rest and the SOC when the power is turned on, corresponding to errors in the current sensor, etc.

[0069] For this reason, the SOC when the power is turned on, which has less error, is recorded as SOC2, and the full charge capacity and SOHQ are calculated.

[0070] This makes it possible to calculate SOHQ with minimal error. This is an area that is affected by the SOC calculation method of the battery storage equipment, but it is known that general SOC calculations are refreshed when the power is restarted and that if they are paused for a certain period of time, they will converge to an SOC that reflects the battery voltage, so by performing this calculation process, it is possible to calculate SOHQ with high accuracy.

[0071] The battery charge / discharge unit cost calculation unit 104 calculates and outputs an adjustment Wh unit cost from the result of the battery equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 102 and the result of the deterioration rate calculation unit 103. With regard to the battery equipment adjustable amount, the calculation result of the battery equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 102 is simply output to a subsequent calculation unit as is.

[0072] FIG. 6 is a flow diagram showing an example of a calculation process of an adjusted Wh unit price in the storage battery charge / discharge unit price calculation unit 104 of FIG.

[0073] 6, first, in step S200, it is determined whether the charging priority is set to "charging instruction." This corresponds to what is selected in steps S4, S5, S7, and S8 in FIG.

[0074] If the answer is Yes in step S200, the process proceeds to step S201, where the discharge Wh unit price is set to an invalid value and the charge Wh unit price to a negative value in order to perform charging. The subsequent adjustment device response amount determination unit 107 (Fig. 2) determines the adjustment device based on the magnitude of the adjustment Wh unit price (divided into an upward DR and a downward DR) of each device. For example, if discharging must not be performed, an invalid value is set and output. On the other hand, if charging must be performed, a negative value is set and output. If the value is positive, the adjustment capability response is made in order of lowest unit price, that is, in order to ensure economic viability. This is merely one example of unifying the subsequent processing with the adjustment Wh unit price.

[0075] If the answer is No in step S200, it is determined in step S202 whether the charging priority is set to "charging / discharging prohibited." If the answer is Yes, the process proceeds to step S203, where the discharging Wh unit price and charging Wh unit price are set to invalid values ​​that do not perform calculations. If the answer is No in step S202, the process proceeds to step S204, where it is determined whether the charging priority is set to "charging priority." If the answer is Yes in step S204, the process proceeds to step S205, where (charging Wh unit price) = 0 and the discharging Wh unit price are set to invalid values ​​that do not perform calculations. Here, (charging Wh unit price) = 0 means that charging is given top priority when charging is necessary.

[0076] If the answer is No in step S204, that is, if the charge priority is "charging permitted, discharging permitted", the process proceeds to step S206, where the current charge / discharge unit price of the battery equipment, which will be described later, is set.

[0077] The current charge / discharge unit cost of the battery storage equipment is calculated using the following formula (3).

[0078]

number

[0079] If calculated using the above formula (3) based only on product specifications, the current charge / discharge unit cost of a storage battery facility tends to be high, making it difficult to use as balancing capacity, so a correction coefficient is used to ensure that it is used up to the target frequency of use. For example, in the case of a new storage battery facility, it is considered better to respond when the imbalance penalty is large, so the correction coefficient can be adjusted so that the average daily charge on the day when the imbalance penalty was greatest over the past year becomes the unit price for a new facility.

[0080] The current product value decreases over time. For example, based on depreciation, it is the cost that decreases from the purchase cost of a product to the expected number of years of use. The current product value is calculated using the number of years since use as input from the relationship between the preset current product value and the number of years of use. The expected number of years of use may be the product's warranty period or a predetermined period until disposal. For example, if the lifespan is set to 60% of the SOHQ, the remaining kWh until the end of life is the kWh (amount of electricity) that can be charged and discharged until the SOHQ is reached. This remaining kWh is calculated using the current SOHQ as input from the relationship between the remaining kWh until the end of life and the SOHQ. The relationship between the remaining kWh until the end of life and the SOHQ may be based on a preset equation, or it may be updated continuously based on the actual lifespan prediction of the battery storage equipment. Using the above equation (3), it is possible to operate the battery storage equipment as a balancing capacity without excessive use.

[0081] The adjustment capacity unit price of the storage battery equipment may be determined based on the deterioration rate and age of the storage battery, the current battery temperature, the sensitivity of deterioration in the SOC, and the like.

[0082] Battery storage facilities can respond in minutes and can respond instantly because they do not affect people. In other words, battery storage facilities have high responsiveness when switching between charging and discharging.

[0083] On the other hand, load equipment such as lighting and air conditioning have an impact on people, so it is not desirable to change the response on a minute-by-minute basis. For example, people may feel uncomfortable if the luminosity of lighting is changed within a few minutes, or comfort may be affected if the air conditioning temperature is lowered by 1°C and then raised by 2°C a few minutes later. For this reason, it is desirable that lighting, air conditioning, and other equipment that affect people's comfort do not change suddenly.

[0084] Furthermore, air conditioning requires a certain amount of time when changing its operation, and may take several tens of minutes to respond. Therefore, air conditioning has low responsiveness.

[0085] In summary, while battery storage equipment can respond in minutes, it is difficult to change the power consumption of load equipment such as lighting and air conditioning in order to maintain comfort.

[0086] 7 is a graph showing an example of changes over time in actual demand and procurement amount. In the figure, the solid line indicates procurement amount (amount of electricity procured) and the dashed line indicates actual demand.

[0087] In this figure, there are regions 200 and 202 where the magnitude relationship between actual demand and procurement volume remains constant over a long period of time (e.g., several hours), and region 201 where the relationship changes over a relatively short period of time (e.g., about 20 minutes to 1 hour). In other words, the imbalance lasts for a long period of time in regions 200 and 202, but for a short period of time in region 201.

[0088] Therefore, it is desirable to change the equipment to respond between areas 200 and 202 and area 201. In other words, it is desirable to select the responding equipment based on the duration of the imbalance.

[0089] As shown in the figure, specifically, in areas 200 and 202, it is desirable to respond with load equipment. This means that if the state of (actual demand) > (procurement amount) continues for a certain period of time, the response is to reduce the power consumption (actual demand) of the load equipment, such as by raising the air conditioning temperature setting. On the other hand, in area 201, it is necessary to respond with battery equipment, as the actual demand and procurement amount have reversed in a short period of time.

[0090] If the battery equipment were to respond entirely in areas 200 and 202, excessive battery capacity would be required. On the other hand, if the load equipment were to respond in area 201, frequent changes to the air conditioning operation would be required, resulting in an inability to respond and, as mentioned above, affecting people's comfort.

[0091] FIG. 8 is a flow diagram showing an example of a calculation process in the facility selection unit 105 of FIG.

[0092] FIG. 8 shows the computational process for determining which equipment should respond.

[0093] First, in step S300, the instantaneous required regulation capacity and the required regulation capacity are calculated using the following two equations.

[0094] (Instantaneous required adjustment capacity) = (Instantaneous actual demand) - (Instantaneous procurement amount) (Required control capacity) = {(Total actual demand within 30-minute simultaneous balancing range) - (Procurement amount within 30-minute simultaneous balancing range)} / (Control time) Here, the instantaneous required control capacity is an index used to understand the degree of deviation by comparing it with the corresponding adjustment amount for each sampling period of actual demand. The required control capacity is the control capacity required to achieve 30-minute equalization. For example, if the time window is from 2:00 PM to 2:30 PM and the current time is 2:15 PM, it is the deviation between actual demand and procurement volume from 2:00 PM to 2:15 PM. While the instantaneous required control capacity is an instantaneous value (which may be less than one second), the required control capacity is the integrated value of the deviation within the time window. In other words, the required control capacity is the average value of the difference between actual demand and instantaneous procurement volume within a specified period of time.

[0095] Next, in step S301, it is determined whether the following formula is satisfied for a period of time A or more.

[0096] |(instantaneous required adjustment force)|>B(kW) This is a process for determining whether the condition corresponds to areas 200 and 202 in Fig. 7. The value of A is set, for example, taking into account the time window that does not affect people's comfort and the time it takes for the air conditioning to respond. The value of B is set, for example, based on the installed capacity of the load equipment.

[0097] If the answer is Yes in step S301, the process proceeds to step S302, where the load equipment adjustment capacity requirement and the other equipment adjustment capacity requirement are calculated using the following two formulas.

[0098] (Load equipment required control capacity) = (average value of instantaneous required control capacity within A hours) (Required adjustment force of other equipment) = (Required adjustment force) - (Required adjustment force of load equipment) Here, the other facilities include storage battery facilities and power generation facilities.

[0099] If the answer is No in step S301, proceed to step S303, where it is determined whether the load equipment is still responding with adjustment capability and whether the adjustment capability response time has exceeded time D. If the answer is Yes in step S303, proceed to step S304, where (load equipment required adjustment capability) = 0, and (other equipment required adjustment capability) = (required adjustment capability).

[0100] If the answer is No in step S303, proceed to step S305 and set (required adjustment power of load equipment) = (average value of instantaneous required adjustment power within time A), (required adjustment power of other equipment) = (required adjustment power) - (required adjustment power of load equipment).

[0101] While the load equipment is responding, (load equipment required control capacity) = (average value of instantaneous required control capacity within A hours) is fixed, so the operation of the load equipment does not change, minimizing the impact on people. Also, by operating the load equipment continuously for at least D hours, sudden changes in the equipment operation can be suppressed.

[0102] FIG. 9A is a table (raising DR risk table) showing an example of the results of imbalance risk determination made by the imbalance risk determination unit 106 in FIG. 2 based on date and time information.

[0103] FIG. 9B is a table (downward DR risk table) showing an example of the results of imbalance risk determination made by the imbalance risk determination unit 106 in FIG. 2 based on date and time information.

[0104] Imbalance charges fluctuate depending on the risk of power outages caused by tight supply and demand, so charges tend to rise when power outages are more likely to occur. Therefore, risk assessment is performed by determining the season and time from the current date and time, and determining whether it is a period or time zone when supply and demand are likely to be tight.

[0105] For example, upward DR is an adjustment to increase demand, and is a process performed when actual demand is lower than the amount procured. In this case, even if an imbalance occurs, there is excess power, so the risk of a power outage is low. Therefore, it can be determined that the risk is low. In addition, demand is lower at night than during the day, and there is less risk of fluctuations in solar power generation, etc., so the risk is also lower.

[0106] Downward DR is an adjustment to lower demand, and is a process carried out when actual demand is higher than the amount procured. In this case, there is a power shortage, so the risk of a power outage is high. For this reason, the risk is determined to be high. In addition, the risk tends to be higher during the day because it is more susceptible to increases in demand and weather fluctuations. In addition, the risk tends to be higher in summer and winter because demand is higher.

[0107] This risk information is output to subsequent processing as an index having units of, for example, ¥ / kWh. This is to facilitate comparison with the adjusted Wh unit price. In this embodiment, the imbalance risk determination unit 106 receives date and time information, and determines the tightness of supply and demand from the date and time information. However, if it is possible to directly obtain information on the tightness of supply and demand, this method may be used instead. The determination may also be based on the results of imbalance fee estimation performed by an external organization, or the wholesale electricity market price may be used as a reference. For example, it is possible to use a risk coefficient (e.g., 2x) multiplied by the trend in wholesale electricity market price for the previous year or the week before the target date.

[0108] In summary, the unit price of the imbalance may be determined depending on the tightness of supply and demand depending on the season and time of day.

[0109] FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an example of a calculation process in the adjusting device response amount determining unit 107 of FIG.

[0110] As shown in Fig. 2, the adjustment device response amount determination unit 107 aggregates information from each calculation unit etc. in the previous stage and determines the device that will respond. Fig. 10 shows the process of determining the response amount.

[0111] As shown in Figure 10, first, in step S400, a response command is issued to equipment with a negative Wh cost, and the response amount of that equipment is subtracted from the required adjustment capacity of other equipment. If the imbalance is increasing, the required adjustment capacity of other equipment will increase. This process is performed to execute the charging command shown in Figure 3 regardless of the imbalance.

[0112] Next, in step S401, a Wh unit price table to be used for either an upward DR or downward DR is selected. Then, in step S402, the tables are sorted in order of unit price. Next, in step S403, candidate equipment that responds based on the imbalance risk is selected. Specifically, only equipment whose adjusted Wh unit price is lower than the imbalance risk index, which has units of ¥ / kWh, is selected as a candidate. Next, in step S404, the load equipment required adjustment capacity is assigned to the candidate load equipment in order of lowest unit price, and a command value is sent to the load equipment.

[0113] Next, in step S405, the required adjustment capacity of other facilities is similarly allocated to the other facilities among the candidate facilities in order of lowest unit price, and a command value is sent to each facility. At this time, in step S404, since it is not known whether the load facility alone can respond to the required adjustment capacity of the load facility, the required adjustment capacity of other facilities and the output that the load facility cannot respond to are allocated to the other facilities.

[0114] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a part of the calculation process in the adjustment device response amount determination unit 107 of FIG.

[0115] As shown in FIG. 11, the adjustment device response amount determination unit 107 aggregates the adjustable amount and adjustment Wh unit price information for each facility. The reason why the adjustable amount for air conditioning is 0 is, for example, because operation information has been determined and an adjustment capability response is not possible. Load facilities have tables for increasing DR and decreasing DR. Since the photovoltaic power generation system can only handle increasing DR, which limits output, it only has an increasing DR table. Battery storage facilities have both charging (increasing DR) and discharging (decreasing DR). EV_1, which has been instructed to charge, is charged even if it is a decreasing DR.

[0116] As indicated by the right arrow in the figure, this corresponds to the processing in step S402, where the priority is determined by sorting in Wh order. In this order of priority, the response candidate is one that is cheaper than the imbalance risk. In other words, response equipment is selected by prioritizing the cost of adjustment capacity over the imbalance.

[0117] An image such as that shown in this figure may be displayed on a display unit (such as a terminal screen) of the power adjustment system.

[0118] By using the calculation process described above, it is possible to select appropriate facilities and execute a balancing capacity response after taking into account the discrepancy between actual demand and the amount of electricity procured. This reduces the risk of imbalance penalties. In addition, by determining the allocation to battery storage facilities based on the balancing capacity unit price, which is calculated based on the imbalance trend and deterioration rate, it is often unnecessary to charge or discharge battery storage facilities, which also makes it possible to prevent deterioration of battery storage facilities. [Example]

[0119] In the second embodiment, a plurality of consumers (N consumers) responds to the adjustment capability collectively.

[0120] In Example 1, we focused on one consumer, but it is also possible to resolve imbalances among N consumers with whom a retail electricity supplier has a contract. 30-minute simultaneous balancing only needs to be achieved among the N consumers under the jurisdiction of the retail electricity supplier. In other words, even if an imbalance occurs at consumer_1, it is not a problem as long as consumer_2 can resolve it. Furthermore, if one consumer's (procurement amount) < (actual demand), and another consumer's (procurement amount) > (actual demand), it is expected that the required balancing capacity will be reduced. Therefore, by bundling multiple consumers together to resolve imbalances, it is possible to reduce the amount of equipment operating as balancing capacity.

[0121] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a system using a general EMS.

[0122] In this diagram, an XEMS 400 is installed at each consumer's business premises. Similar to the XEMS 15 in Fig. 1, the XEMS 400 is connected to the distribution board 2, air conditioning controller 4, lighting controller 6, power converter 8, charger 10, and power converter 12 at each business premises. The central EMS 401 is connected to the XEMS 400 installed at N business premises and centralizes these XEMS 400. The XEMS 400 differs from the XEMS 15 in Fig. 1 in that the central EMS 401 performs some of the functions of the XEMS 15. Therefore, the central EMS 401 can be called a "central computing device."

[0123] FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram showing a power adjustment system having a central EMS.

[0124] The load equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 100, the power generation equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 101, the storage battery equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 102, the deterioration rate calculation unit 103, and the storage battery charge / discharge unit cost calculation unit 104 shown in FIG. 2 belong to each XEMS 400 in FIG.

[0125] 13, the master EMS includes a recording unit 500, an equipment selection unit 501, an imbalance risk determination unit 106, and an adjustment device response amount determination unit 502. Information from N XMESs 400 is accumulated in the recording unit 500. The equipment selection unit 501 is configured to support all of the N XEMSs 400.

[0126] Specifically, in step S300 in FIG. 8, the instantaneous required adjustment capacity and the required adjustment capacity are calculated for each business establishment, but in the integrated EMS in FIG. 13, the calculations are performed using the following two formulas.

[0127] (Instantaneous required adjustment capacity) = Σ (instantaneous actual demand) - Σ (instantaneous procurement amount) (Required control capacity) = {Σ(total actual demand within 30-minute simultaneous balancing range) - Σ(procurement amount within 30-minute simultaneous balancing range)} / (control time) Other than this, the constant A etc. are not common, but the processing is the same.

[0128] There is no particular change in the processing in the imbalance risk determination unit 106.

[0129] The adjustment device response amount determination unit 502 performs processing differently from the adjustment device response amount determination unit 107 in FIG. 2, which is for the case where there is one establishment.

[0130] 11 targets only the equipment of one business establishment, but the adjustment device response amount determination unit 502 in Fig. 13 targets all the equipment connected to the N XEMSs 400 and performs the process shown in Fig. 11 to select response candidates. Then, the adjustment device response amount determination unit 502 outputs the selection results to each XEMS 400 as a load equipment command value, a storage battery equipment command value, and a power generation equipment command value.

[0131] In this embodiment, it is assumed that all facility information is sent to the central EMS as shown in Figure 11, but as the number of consumers increases, it may become difficult for the central EMS to process the information itself. In this case, for example, the storage batteries and EVs in Figure 11 may be lumped together as a storage battery facility and this information may be sent to the central EMS. The division of functions is determined by the size of the system. [Example]

[0132] In the third embodiment, when the consumer side is unable to complete the adjustment capability response, that is, when the imbalance exceeds the capacity of the response facility, the consumer side requests the electricity retailer to procure power.

[0133] The system configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

[0134] FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram showing a power adjustment system according to the third embodiment.

[0135] In this figure, the load equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 100, the power generation equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 101, the battery equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 102, the deterioration rate calculation unit 103, the battery charge / discharge unit cost calculation unit 104, and the adjustment equipment response amount determination unit 107 have the same configuration as in Example 1 (Figure 2) and perform the same processing.

[0136] In the facility selection unit 600 in this figure, processing different from that in the first embodiment is performed, as will be described later.

[0137] The regulating device response amount determination unit 601 outputs a response command according to the calculation process of Fig. 10 and transmits a power procurement request to the electricity retailer. In response to this request, the electricity retailer procures power and modifies the power procurement amount.

[0138] FIG. 15 is a flow diagram showing an example of a calculation process for a power procurement request in the facility selection unit 600 of FIG.

[0139] In FIG. 15, steps S500 and S501 are performed between steps S300 and S301 shown in FIG.

[0140] In step S500, it is determined whether the following formula is satisfied for a period of time E or more.

[0141] |Instantly required adjustment force|>F(kW) If the answer is Yes in step S500, the process proceeds to step S501, where the power procurement request value is calculated using the following formula.

[0142] (Power procurement request value) = (average value of instantaneous required control capacity within E hours) Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S301 in FIG.

[0143] If the answer is No in step S500, the process also proceeds to step S301 in Fig. 8. This means that when the magnitude relationship between the actual demand and the procurement amount remains unchanged for a long period of time and the difference is relatively large, as in areas 200 and 202 shown in Fig. 7, a process to adjust the amount of electricity procurement is performed rather than adjusting the load equipment.

[0144] By utilizing the wholesale electricity exchange, it is possible to procure electricity up to one hour in advance. Therefore, if it is determined that the imbalance is too large, it is possible to curb unnecessary facility operation by correcting the amount of electricity procured, rather than having the consumer side make adjustments. [Example]

[0145] The fourth embodiment is a case where the operation information used in the first embodiment is determined based on peak shift, demand shift, and the like.

[0146] In FIG. 2 of the first embodiment, the operation information of each facility is simply described as a plan determined in advance, but specifically, a demand shift can be considered.

[0147] The unit price in the wholesale electricity market tends to be cheaper at night and more expensive during the day. For this reason, it is possible that electricity rates can be reduced by shifting demand that may occur during the day to the night for adjustable-rate equipment. By calculating such electricity rate optimization in advance and inputting it as operation information in advance, it becomes possible to handle imbalances as in Example 1 while maintaining operation.

[0148] FIG. 16 is a partial configuration diagram showing a power regulation system to which a configuration for determining a demand shift has been added.

[0149] In this diagram, the demand shift planning unit 700 is provided upstream of the load equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 100, the power generation equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 101, and the storage battery equipment adjustable amount calculation unit 102. The demand shift planning unit 700 receives as input electricity rate information, such as the trend in electricity rates for one day, a demand forecast for the planning date, and an equipment operation forecast for load equipment, etc., and plans load equipment operation information, power generation equipment operation information, and storage battery equipment operation information. For example, if electricity rates are higher during the day than at night as described above, the demand shift planning unit 700 determines operation information that indicates that it is more economical to reduce the load during the day and increase the load at night. Each piece of operation information is time-series information for one day.

[0150] By using operational information to shift demand and peak hours, it is possible to optimize electricity rates to keep them at the lowest possible levels. [Example]

[0151] In the fifth embodiment, the adjusted Wh unit price, which is the output of the storage battery charge / discharge unit price calculation unit 104 shown in FIG. 2 in the first embodiment, is corrected based on the deterioration sensitivity from the current information of the battery.

[0152] Unlike load equipment and power generation equipment, storage batteries have different sensitivity to deterioration depending on their current state. For example, higher temperatures make them more susceptible to deterioration, and higher SOCs make them more susceptible to deterioration. In this way, the sensitivity to deterioration changes depending on the battery's state, such as its charge rate and temperature, so deterioration can be suppressed by operating it optimally. In other words, operating it in a way that prevents deterioration allows for longer operation periods, which makes it possible to lower the adjusted Wh cost.

[0153] FIG. 17 is a partial configuration diagram showing a power adjustment system having a configuration for correcting the charging Wh unit price and the discharging Wh unit price.

[0154] In this figure, a charging Wh unit price correction unit 800 and a discharging Wh unit price correction unit 801 are provided between the storage battery charging / discharging unit price calculation unit 104 and the adjustment device response amount determination unit 107 shown in Figure 2. The charging Wh unit price correction unit 800 corrects the charging Wh unit price using a correction coefficient corresponding to battery temperature and SOC data. In this case, for example, the following formula (4) is used for the correction.

[0155]

number

[0156] In the formula, (charge correction coefficient_battery temperature) is a coefficient that increases according to battery temperature, as shown by curve 802 (charge correction curve at battery temperature). Battery degradation is primarily a chemical side reaction and follows the Arrhenius equation, so this coefficient is assumed to increase exponentially with battery temperature. Also, (charge correction coefficient_SOC) is a coefficient that increases according to SOC, as shown by curve 803 (charge correction curve at SOC). As degradation increases exponentially as SOC increases, curve 803 is assumed to have an exponential shape. A corrected charging Wh unit price corrected using these two types of correction coefficients is output from charging Wh unit price corrector 800. The discharge Wh unit price is also corrected using the following formula (5), in the same way as the charging Wh unit price.

[0157]

number

[0158] In the formula, (discharge correction coefficient_battery temperature) is the same as for charging, and is therefore set to the same as curve 802. As for (discharge correction coefficient_SOC), when the SOC is high, discharging allows the battery to escape from the SOC region with high degradation sensitivity, and therefore curve 804 (discharge correction curve at battery temperature) has an inverse shape to curve 803. The corrected discharge Wh unit price corrected using this correction coefficient is output from discharge Wh unit price correction unit 801.

[0159] In this way, by using the battery temperature and SOC and taking deterioration sensitivity into account, it is possible to operate the battery while suppressing deterioration. [Example]

[0160] The sixth embodiment is a case where a facility manager (user) inputs operation information via a GUI (Graphical User Interface).

[0161] In the first and fourth embodiments, examples are shown in which operation information is determined in advance taking into account demand shifts and the like, but there are cases in which the facility manager wants to determine the operation.

[0162] For example, if an electric vehicle, which is a type of battery storage facility, needs to be suddenly used and it takes time to be incorporated into the system, the control capacity response will not be optimal until it is incorporated into the system, which will reduce economic efficiency. Therefore, by using the GUI to set up the system, it is possible to respond to sudden changes in operation plans.

[0163] FIG. 18 is an image showing an example of a GUI for a facility manager.

[0164] The basic operation plan screen 900 shown in this drawing corresponds to facility A, which is one of the facilities used for power adjustment in a business establishment. In this example, the facility manager can input the operation schedule from 9:00 to 19:00 on the screen via the GUI, thereby notifying the system of the time periods when the facility should not be used as adjustment power, thereby preventing a decrease in economic efficiency. [Example]

[0165] In the seventh embodiment, not only the actual demand is used, but also a demand forecast value is calculated from the actual demand.

[0166] In the first embodiment, the comparison with the amount of electricity procured was limited to actual demand, but if the interval between demand acquisitions is long, it may be difficult to achieve the same amount of electricity every 30 minutes using only actual demand.

[0167] For example, in the first embodiment, the required adjustment amount is calculated in step S300 (FIG. 8) as the difference between the actual demand and the amount of power procured. If the demand is acquired every 5 minutes, the imbalance between 0 and 25 minutes, which is the same for 30 minutes, can be adjusted, but it is difficult to adjust the imbalance between 25 and 30 minutes because there is no demand data.

[0168] Therefore, in this embodiment, a demand forecast is performed to supplement the lack of demand data.

[0169] FIG. 19 is a configuration diagram showing a power adjustment system of this embodiment.

[0170] The difference between this figure and FIG. 2 of the first embodiment is that the power adjustment system includes a demand forecasting unit 1000 and a facility selecting unit 1001 .

[0171] The demand forecasting unit 1000 takes the actual demand as input and calculates a demand forecast value. This calculation may utilize machine learning or AI (artificial intelligence). The facility selection unit 1001 takes the actual demand, the amount of power procurement, and the demand forecast value as input and calculates the required adjustment capacity, and determines the response facility.

[0172] FIG. 20 is a graph showing an example of the results of demand forecasting by the power adjustment system of FIG.

[0173] Figure 20 shows, from top to bottom, graphs of the demand volume within a 30-minute simultaneous balance time window, the accumulated imbalance volume up to 30 minutes, which is the difference between the demand volume and the procurement volume, and the operation of equipment such as load equipment.

[0174] The accumulated imbalance amount should approach 0 if the equipment is operated with control reserve, but this figure shows the accumulated imbalance amount when the equipment is not operating.

[0175] As shown in the first embodiment, the equipment is operated to reduce the integrated imbalance amount to 0, so the integrated imbalance amount tends to increase. For this reason, the equipment is operated in the direction of decreasing DR.

[0176] As mentioned above, if the demand acquisition cycle is every 5 minutes, the period from 25 minutes to 30 minutes is the period 1100 where actual demand cannot be acquired. However, in order to achieve 30-minute simultaneous balancing, it is necessary to predict the imbalance that occurs between 25 minutes and 30 minutes and operate the equipment accordingly. For this reason, actual demand is predicted, the predicted imbalance amount is calculated based on the results, and the equipment is operated so that the imbalance is zero. This makes it possible to utilize adjustment power even during times when demand cannot be acquired. There are a wide variety of methods for predicting actual demand, so any method is acceptable. [Example]

[0177] In the eighth embodiment, each facility is selected by prioritizing the adjustment capability command value over the imbalance.

[0178] FIG. 21 is a configuration diagram showing a power adjustment system of this embodiment.

[0179] This embodiment differs from Fig. 2 of the first embodiment in that an equipment selection unit 1200 is used instead of the equipment selection unit 105 and the imbalance risk determination unit 106 of Fig. 2. The equipment selection unit 1200 receives an adjustment capacity command as an input, calculates a required adjustment capacity, and determines a response facility. The imbalance risk determination unit 106 does not need to be provided, but when imbalance is used in combination, the imbalance risk determination unit 106 may also be used.

[0180] Here, the adjustment capacity command is a command value from the supply and demand balancing market. This command includes information such as the time to response, duration, and output. Therefore, in the facility selection unit 1200, similar to the method of analyzing imbalance trends, for example, if the duration is equal to or longer than a certain time and the time to response is long, the required adjustment capacity of the load facility is output to the subsequent stage. On the other hand, if the duration is short and the time to response is short, the required adjustment capacity of the storage battery facility is output to the subsequent stage.

[0181] Ultimately, as in Figure 11, priority is determined and a response is made based on the cost of control reserve, but there is no threshold for imbalance risk, and distribution is made to satisfy the control reserve command. With this configuration, the control reserve command can also be responded to using equipment with a low cost of control reserve, optimizing economic efficiency. [Explanation of symbols]

[0182] 1: Grid power, 2: Distribution board, 3: Air conditioning equipment, 4: Air conditioning controller, 5: Lighting equipment, 6: Lighting controller, 7: Photovoltaic power generation system, 8: Power converter, 9: Electric vehicle, 10: Charger, 11: Stationary battery equipment, 12: Power converter, 13: Other loads, 14: Smart meter, 15: XEMS, 16: Load equipment, 17: Power generation equipment, 18: Battery equipment, 100: Load equipment adjustable amount calculation unit, 101: Power generation equipment adjustable amount calculation unit, 102: Battery equipment adjustable amount calculation unit, 103: Deterioration rate calculation unit, 104: Battery charge / discharge unit cost calculation unit, 105, 501, 600, 1001, 1200: Equipment selection unit, 10 6: Imbalance risk determination unit, 107: Adjustment equipment response amount determination unit, 200, 201, 202: Area, 400: XEMS, 401: General EMS, 500: Recording unit, 502, 601: Adjustment equipment response amount determination unit, 700: Demand shift planning unit, 800: Charging Wh unit price correction unit, 801: Discharging Wh unit price correction unit, 802, 803, 804: Curve, 900: Basic operation plan screen, 1000: Demand forecasting unit, 1100: Section where actual demand cannot be obtained.

Claims

1. A power adjustment system including a computing device that calculates a predetermined command to be output to a load equipment and a storage battery equipment connected to a power grid, The computing device an equipment selection unit that selects the load equipment or the storage battery equipment as a response equipment based on a duration of the imbalance or an adjustment power command from a supply and demand adjustment market; an adjustable capacity calculation unit that calculates an adjustable capacity and an adjustment capacity unit price for each facility based on the operation plans of the load facility and the storage battery facility; a regulation equipment response amount determination unit that calculates and outputs a response amount of the response equipment based on the response equipment selected by the equipment selection unit and the adjustable amount and the adjustment capacity unit price of each of the equipment calculated by the adjustable amount calculation unit, The facility selection unit selects response facilities based on an imbalance, which is a difference between the amount of power demand and the amount of power procured.

2. A power adjustment system including a computing device that calculates predetermined commands to be output to load equipment, storage battery equipment, and power generation equipment connected to a power grid, The computing device an equipment selection unit that selects one of the load equipment, the storage battery equipment, and the power generation equipment as a response equipment based on the duration of the imbalance or an adjustment power command from a supply and demand adjustment market; an adjustable capacity calculation unit that calculates an adjustable capacity and an adjustment capacity unit price for each facility based on the operation plans of the load facility and the storage battery facility; a regulation equipment response amount determination unit that calculates and outputs a response amount of the response equipment based on the response equipment selected by the equipment selection unit and the adjustable amount and the adjustment capacity unit price of each of the equipment calculated by the adjustable amount calculation unit, The facility selection unit selects response facilities based on an imbalance, which is a difference between the amount of power demand and the amount of power procured.

3. The power adjustment system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the facility selection unit selects a responsive facility based on the adjustment capability command.

4. The power adjustment system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the facility selection unit compares the adjustment capacity unit price with the imbalance fee unit price to determine whether or not to allow each facility to respond.

5. The power adjustment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the adjustment capacity unit price of the storage battery equipment is determined using at least one of the deterioration rate and age of the storage battery, and the sensitivity of deterioration at the current battery temperature and SOC.

6. The power adjustment system according to claim 5 , wherein the deterioration rate of the storage battery is calculated from an SOC and charge / discharge power at two points before and after charging or discharging the storage battery.

7. The power conditioning system according to claim 6 , wherein the deterioration rate of the storage battery is measured after the power supply to the storage battery equipment is turned off and the storage battery equipment is left in a rest state for a certain period of time.

8. The power adjustment system according to claim 4 , wherein the unit price of the imbalance is determined based on the tightness of supply and demand depending on the season and time of day.

9. The power adjustment system according to claim 4 , wherein the unit price of the imbalance is determined based on a price in a wholesale power market.

10. The power adjustment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the adjustment device response amount determination unit requests a retail electricity supplier to procure power when the imbalance exceeds the processing capacity of the response equipment.

11. The power adjustment system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the calculation device further comprises a demand shift planning unit that transmits operation information of each of the facilities to the adjustable amount calculation unit.

12. The power adjustment system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a facility manager is configured to be able to input operation information via a GUI.

13. The computing device further includes a demand forecasting unit that calculates a demand forecast value using an actual demand as an input, The power adjustment system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the facility selection unit receives the demand forecast value.

14. The power adjustment system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the facility selection unit selects the storage battery facility as the response facility when the magnitude relationship between the power demand amount and the power procurement amount fluctuates over a predetermined time period.

15. The power adjustment system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the facility selection unit selects the load facility as the response facility when the magnitude relationship between the power demand amount and the power procurement amount remains unchanged for a predetermined time or more.

16. The system further includes a central computing device that controls a plurality of the computing devices, 3. The power adjustment system according to claim 1, wherein the central processing unit includes a recording unit that stores information from a plurality of the processing units.

17. The power regulation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the regulation device response amount determination unit selects the response facility by prioritizing the regulation capacity unit price over the imbalance.

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