Method and apparatus for treating fluids containing organic compounds

Abstract

To provide a processing method and a processing apparatus of fluid including an organic compound capable of performing thermal decomposition of an organic compound such as a hardly degradable organic compound without increasing a carbon dioxide discharge amount.SOLUTION: Fluid including an organic compound is made to pass through the center part of a hydrogen burner 2, hydrogen and oxygen are introduced to a decomposition furnace 1 through an outer peripheral part of the hydrogen burner 2, and the organic compound included in the fluid is decomposed under the superheated water steam atmosphere generated by the combustion of the hydrogen burner 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating a fluid containing organic compounds, particularly refractory organic compounds such as organic fluorine compounds.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, attention has been focused on the pollution of environmental water and the like by perfluoroalkyl compounds and polyfluoroalkyl compounds, which are organic fluorine compounds (sometimes referred to as "PFASs" in this specification). In particular, perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (sometimes referred to as "PFOS" in this specification) and perfluorooctanoic acid (sometimes referred to as "PFOA" in this specification) are listed in Annex B and Annex A of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs Convention), and are designated as Class I Specified Chemical Substances in the "Act on the Examination and Regulation of Chemical Substances and the Manufacture etc." and are generally prohibited from being manufactured, imported, and used. Also, regarding perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (sometimes referred to as "PFHxS" in this specification), it was decided in June 2022 to be additionally listed in Annex A of the POPs Convention, and it is expected to be designated as a Class I Specified Chemical Substance after spring 2024.

[0003] However, these PFASs have properties such as water repellency and oil repellency, and are also excellent in chemical and thermal stability, etc., so they have been widely used for many years in water repellents, coating agents, foam extinguishing agents, etc. Also, in the survey by the Ministry of the Environment, PFOS / PFOA and PFHxS have been widely detected in river water, groundwater, etc. And in 2020, PFOS / PFOA was added to the water quality management target setting items of the tap water quality standards and the items to be monitored of the water quality environment standards, and a target value and a guideline value (provisional) of 50 ng / L (total value of PFOS and PFOA) were set. Also, regarding PFHxS, it was added to the items to be investigated of the water quality environment standards in March 2021 and to the items to be considered of the tap water quality standards in April 2021, respectively.

[0004] PFOS / PFOA and PFHxS are chemically very stable, water-soluble, and non-volatile substances. Therefore, if released into the environment, they are likely to migrate into water systems and, due to their poor biodegradability, are expected to remain in the environment for a long period of time. Furthermore, given the widespread detection of PFOS / PFOA and PFHxS in river water, groundwater, and other sources, there has been a need for the development of low-cost methods to decompose PFAS contained in environmental water (sometimes referred to as "environmental water" in this specification), such as river water, lake water, and groundwater. However, there have been no effective methods available.

[0005] Specifically, accelerated oxidation is widely used for the decomposition of organic compounds. However, accelerated oxidation is considered unsuitable for the decomposition of PFOS / PFOA because of its extremely low reactivity with PFOS / PFOA's OH radicals. In fact, accelerated oxidation (O3+H2O2, O3+UV) was attempted using groundwater containing 2-6 ng / L of PFOS and 40-58 ng / L of PFOA, but no significant decomposition effect on PFOS / PFOA could be confirmed.

[0006] On the other hand, as a method for decomposing organic compounds other than accelerated oxidation, physicochemical methods using activated carbon as an adsorbent have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1-2). [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-146326 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2010-22961 [Non-patent literature]

[0008] [Non-Patent Document 1] Ministry of the Environment, "Technical Considerations Regarding the Treatment of PFOS and PFOA-Containing Waste," September 2022. [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0009] Incidentally, in physicochemical methods that utilize activated carbon as an adsorbent, activated carbon that has adsorbed organic compounds is generally incinerated in an incinerator equipped with a combustion burner. However, in order to stably thermally decompose PFAS such as PFOS / PFOA while ensuring the required decomposition rate, it is said that it is necessary to process it at a temperature of 850°C or higher, preferably 1000°C or higher, and even more preferably 1100°C or higher. Furthermore, in order to raise the temperature of an incinerator equipped with a combustion burner that burns activated carbon adsorbing organic compounds to a temperature that can thermally decompose PFASs such as PFOS / PFOA, it is necessary to burn a large amount of fossil fuels in the incinerator's combustion burner. This would increase carbon dioxide emissions and would not be in line with decarbonization efforts.

[0010] The present invention aims to provide a method and apparatus for treating fluids containing organic compounds, which enable the thermal decomposition of organic compounds, such as recalcitrant organic compounds, without increasing carbon dioxide emissions. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] To achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a method for treating a fluid containing an organic compound, characterized in that the fluid containing the organic compound is introduced into a decomposition furnace via a hydrogen burner, and the organic compound contained in the fluid is decomposed in a superheated steam atmosphere generated by the combustion of the hydrogen burner.

[0012] In this case, the fluid containing the organic compound can be introduced into the decomposition furnace by passing it through the center of the hydrogen burner, and hydrogen and oxygen can be introduced through the outer periphery of the hydrogen burner.

[0013] Furthermore, the fluid containing the organic compound may consist of a slurry-like mixture containing an absorbent that has adsorbed the organic compound and water.

[0014] Further, the organic compound can be an organic fluorine compound.

[0015] Further, the organic fluorine compound can be PFASs (including perfluoroalkyl compounds and polyfluoroalkyl compounds).

[0016] Further, the treatment apparatus for a fluid containing the organic compound of the present invention is a treatment apparatus for a fluid containing an organic compound, which comprises a decomposition furnace equipped with a hydrogen burner, wherein the hydrogen burner is provided with a flow path for introducing the fluid containing the organic compound into the decomposition furnace, and decomposes the organic compound contained in the fluid under a superheated steam atmosphere generated by the combustion of the hydrogen burner.

[0017] In this case, the hydrogen burner can introduce the fluid containing the organic compound into the decomposition furnace through the central part of the hydrogen burner for hydrogen and through the outer peripheral part of the hydrogen burner for oxygen.

Advantages of the Invention

[0018] According to the method and apparatus for treating a fluid containing the organic compound of the present invention, the fluid containing the organic compound is introduced into the decomposition furnace through a hydrogen burner, and the organic compound contained in the fluid is decomposed under a superheated steam atmosphere generated by the combustion of the hydrogen burner, so that the organic compound such as a hardly decomposable organic compound can be thermally decomposed without increasing the amount of carbon dioxide emissions.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] [Figure 1] It is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a treatment flow (one-stage treatment flow) of water containing an organic fluorine compound. [Figure 2] It is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a treatment flow (two-stage treatment flow) of water containing an organic fluorine compound. [Figure 3] It is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a decomposition furnace equipped with a hydrogen burner. [Figure 4]This graph shows the relationship between the elapsed time since ignition of a decomposition furnace equipped with a hydrogen burner and the temperature inside the heating chamber (furnace). [Figure 5] This graph shows the relationship between the combustion oxygen ratio (oxygen / hydrogen) of a decomposition furnace equipped with a hydrogen burner and the hydrogen / oxygen concentration inside the heating chamber (furnace). [Figure 6] This is an explanatory diagram showing the processing flow (demonstration test) of powdered activated carbon slurry adsorbed with PFOS, etc. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0020] Hereinafter, embodiments of the method and apparatus for processing fluids containing organic compounds of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 shows an example of a treatment flow for water containing organic fluorine compounds (single-stage treatment flow). This processing flow is for treating organic fluorine compound-containing water (water to be treated), such as environmental water containing PFOS / PFOA, and the water to be treated passes through a raw water tank, a reaction tank (1), an intermediate tank (1), and a microfiltration tank (1) to be treated as treated water (filtered water).

[0022] Here, powdered activated carbon, which has been dissolved (dispersed) in water from a powdered activated carbon dissolution tank, is supplied to reaction vessel (1) as an absorbent, so that organic compounds such as PFOS / PFOA are adsorbed onto the powdered activated carbon. In addition, in addition to powdered activated carbon as an absorbent, dilute sulfuric acid or other acid is added to reaction vessel (1) to adjust the pH inside reaction vessel (1).

[0023] The activated carbon, which has adsorbed organic compounds such as PFOS / PFOA, is separated in a microfiltration (1) and sent to a sedimentation tank as backwash water (concentrated water). In the form of a concentrated slurry mixture, it is supplied via an intermediate tank (3) to a decomposition furnace equipped with a hydrogen burner.

[0024] Activated carbon that has adsorbed organic compounds such as PFOS / PFOA, supplied to the decomposition furnace, is burned in the furnace under a superheated steam atmosphere generated by the combustion of a hydrogen burner. At the same time, the organic compounds such as PFOS / PFOA adsorbed on the activated carbon are thermally decomposed and discharged as exhaust gas.

[0025] The exhaust gas discharged from the decomposition furnace is treated to render it harmless by passing it through appropriate treatment equipment such as scrubbers.

[0026] The treatment flow for organic fluorine compound-containing water shown in Figure 1 illustrates a single-stage treatment flow. However, as shown in Figure 2, the treatment flow for organic fluorine compound-containing water (a two-stage treatment flow) involves further processing of the treated water (primary filtered water) after microfiltration (1) into a reaction tank (2), an intermediate tank (2), and a microfiltration tank (2). The water can be treated as treated water (filtered water) after passing through (2).

[0027] Here, powdered activated carbon, which has been dissolved (dispersed) in water from the powdered activated carbon dissolution tank, is supplied to the reaction vessel (2) as an absorbent, so that organic compounds such as PFOS / PFOA are adsorbed onto the powdered activated carbon. In addition, in addition to powdered activated carbon as an absorbent, dilute sulfuric acid or other acid is added to reaction vessel (2) to adjust the pH inside reaction vessel (2).

[0028] The activated carbon that has adsorbed organic compounds such as PFOS / PFOA is separated in microfiltration (2) and sent to the reaction vessel (1) as backwash water (concentrated water). For this reason, in this embodiment, powdered activated carbon dissolved (dispersed) in water from the powdered activated carbon dissolution tank as an absorbent is not supplied to the reaction vessel (1) as shown in the treatment flow of organic fluorine compound-containing water (single-stage treatment flow) in Figure 1. However, if necessary, in addition to powdered activated carbon as an absorbent, an acid such as dilute sulfuric acid to adjust the pH in the reaction vessel (1) can also be added to the reaction vessel (1).

[0029] The other steps in the treatment flow of organic fluorine-containing water shown in Figure 2 (two-stage treatment flow) are the same as those in the treatment flow of organic fluorine-containing water shown in Figure 1 (one-stage treatment flow).

[0030] Next, Figure 3 shows an example of a decomposition furnace equipped with a hydrogen burner used in the treatment flow of organic fluorine compound-containing water shown in Figures 1 and 2.

[0031] The decomposition furnace 1 equipped with the hydrogen burner 2 has a flow path 21 through which the hydrogen burner 2 introduces a fluid containing organic compounds into the decomposition furnace 1, and decomposes the organic compounds contained in the fluid under a superheated steam atmosphere generated by the combustion of the hydrogen burner 2.

[0032] More specifically, the hydrogen burner 2 consists of multiple flow channels formed by concentrically arranging tubular members. A fluid containing an organic compound is introduced into the decomposition furnace 1 through the flow channel 21 in the center of the hydrogen burner 2, and hydrogen and oxygen are introduced through the flow channels 22 and 23 on the outer circumference of the hydrogen burner 2. This process causes a layer of hydrogen and oxygen to surround the fluid containing the organic compound, which is then released into the decomposition furnace 1. Then, around the fluid containing the organic compound released into the decomposition furnace 1, hydrogen and oxygen react violently (combust) and the fluid containing the organic compound passes through the flame and is released into the superheated steam produced by the reaction (combustion), thereby reliably decomposing the organic compound contained in the fluid under a high-temperature superheated steam atmosphere.

[0033] Here, the central flow path 21 of the hydrogen burner 2 is equipped with a fluid supply section 21a containing an organic compound and an oxygen supply section 21b for atomization. Furthermore, the flow paths 22 and 23 on the outer circumference of the hydrogen burner 2 are equipped with a hydrogen supply section 22a and a combustion oxygen supply section 23a.

[0034] Furthermore, the supply unit 21a for fluids containing organic compounds and the supply unit 21b for atomization, which are provided in the flow path 21 at the center of the hydrogen burner 2, can appropriately select and supply the substances to be supplied from the supply units 21a and 21b according to the fluid containing organic compounds to be processed. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the hydrogen burner 2 was used in which three flow paths were formed by concentrically arranging tubular members. However, depending on the fluid containing the organic compound to be processed, a configuration with four or more flow paths can also be used. For example, the amount of superheated steam can be changed by supplying water from one of the flow paths.

[0035] The decomposition furnace 1 is in a superheated steam atmosphere generated by the combustion of the hydrogen burner 2 required. To enable the formation of the hydrogen burner, the system is constructed by combining multiple cylindrical units, in this embodiment, four units: an inlet unit 1A on which the hydrogen burner 2 is placed, intermediate units 1B and 1C, and an outlet unit 1D equipped with an exhaust gas outlet 11. The number of intermediate units 1B and 1C can be increased or decreased as needed. Here, the inner surface of the decomposition furnace 1 is made of a refractory structure with castable refractory material 12, and in particular, the inlet-side unit 1A, which becomes hot, is fitted with water-cooling jackets 13a and 13b around its outer circumference. The decomposition furnace 1 is equipped with a sampling port 14, as well as various sensors including a thermocouple 15a, a pressure switch 15b, and an oxygen sensor 15c, in order to monitor and control the combustion state of the hydrogen burner 2 and the decomposition state of the organic compounds.

[0036] Next, the combustion test results of the decomposition furnace 1 equipped with the hydrogen burner 2 are shown in Figures 4 and 5. The following was found from the combustion test results, including those shown in Figures 4 and 5. • It is possible to perform superheated steam treatment over a wide temperature range from low to high temperatures. In particular, because it is possible to perform superheated steam treatment at high temperatures, it is possible to stably maintain temperatures of 1100°C or higher, which are necessary to stably thermally decompose PFAS such as PFOS / PFOA while ensuring the required decomposition rate. Because superheated steam has high heat transfer characteristics and heat capacity, it can perform uniform heating treatment without temperature unevenness in a short time. By changing the combustion oxygen ratio (oxygen / hydrogen), the hydrogen / oxygen concentration inside the heating chamber (furnace) can be altered. This allows the atmosphere inside the heating chamber (furnace) to be adjusted to be oxygen-rich or hydrogen-rich, depending on the material being processed. In this embodiment, it is preferable to make the atmosphere oxygen-rich in order to burn the activated carbon used as an absorbent. • The amount of water (spray water) added can be changed, thereby allowing the amount of superheated steam to be altered.

[0037] By the way, in this embodiment, as the fluid containing organic compounds, activated carbon on which organic compounds such as PFOS / PFOA have been adsorbed is supplied in the form of a concentrated slurry mixture from the fluid supply unit 21a containing organic compounds to the flow path 21 in the center of the hydrogen burner 2. However, the object of treatment in the present invention is not limited to this, as long as it is a fluid containing organic compounds, and for example, the following are also included. Liquids containing organic compounds (e.g., undiluted foam fire extinguishing agents, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), waste oil containing hazardous substances), powders (e.g., PFOS / PFOA-containing waste (crushed into powder), waste pesticides containing persistent organic pollutants (POPs), manufacturing residues containing high concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxins), and gases (e.g., chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other fluorocarbon gases, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and other fluorocarbon gases). • Adsorbents containing organic compounds (powdered activated carbon, granular activated carbon, ion exchange resin (crosslinked polymer material with a porous structure), zeolite, metal-organic structures (porous crystalline material)). • Poisonous gas components (e.g., sulfur mustard, lewisite, diphenylchloroarsine, diphenylcyanoarsine).

[0038] Next, the results of the demonstration tests conducted on the method and apparatus for treating fluids containing organic compounds according to the present invention will be described below. When considering the thermal decomposition treatment of powdered activated carbon adsorbed with PFAS compounds, for example, Non-Patent Literature 1 suggests high-temperature incineration (approximately 1100°C or higher is recommended), and requires a decomposition efficiency of 99.999% or higher. Therefore, the method using high-temperature superheated steam also aims to achieve a temperature range of 1100°C or higher.

[0039] [Test equipment] We fabricated a test apparatus equipped with a decomposition furnace 1 with a hydrogen burner 2, as shown in Figure 3; more specifically, a superheated steam decomposition furnace capable of securing the required residence time by attaching a hydrogen burner, as shown in Figure 6; a scrubber (quencher) for rapidly cooling high-temperature exhaust gas; and a suction fan (exhaust fan) for maintaining negative pressure inside the furnace. The main specifications of the test equipment are as follows: • Hydrogen burner combustion capacity: 35kW (approximately 30,000 kcal / h (maximum normal operation)) • Hydrogen-oxygen supply ratio: 2:1 (during heating) to approximately 2:1.2 (when supplying powdered activated carbon slurry, etc.) · Furnace dimensions: φ400mm x L 1585mm • Furnace temperature: Maximum temperature 1250°C (heat resistance temperature of refractory materials), technical maximum temperature is 1600°C • Liquid / slurry supply rate: 2.5 kg / h (normal use) • Furnace pressure: Approximately 0 to -0.3 kPa (negative pressure control) • Residence time of combustion gases: 2 seconds or more • Scrubber spray: 4L / min x 3 The characteristics of the test apparatus are as follows: • There are zero CO2 emissions from fuel combustion. • Because the superheated steam turns into water (liquid) through rapid cooling of the exhaust gas, the amount of exhaust gas is extremely small. • It is possible to supply liquids and slurries from the hydrogen burner (directly into the combustion flame).

[0040] [Test Method] (1) Preparation of powdered activated carbon slurry with adsorbed PFOS, etc. A foam fire extinguishing agent solution containing approximately 2% PFOS, which had been used in the past, was added to tap water at a 5000-fold dilution, and stirred for several days using a stirrer to prevent foaming. Next, wood-based powdered activated carbon (WET grade (moist)), which is commonly used for water purification, wastewater treatment, and organic matter removal, was added to a solid content of 10%. The mixture was then stirred for several days to adsorb PFOS and other substances contained in the foam fire extinguishing solution onto the powdered activated carbon, and then subjected to a decomposition treatment test.

[0041] (2) Disassembly processing conditions In the test apparatus shown in Figures 3 and 6, the inside of the decomposition furnace 1 was first heated to approximately 1250°C, and then the powdered activated carbon slurry with a solid content of 10% prepared in (1) was supplied at a rate of 2.5 kg / h for approximately 2 hours. During the process, 24% industrial caustic soda was automatically added to maintain the pH of the scrubber water at 9 or higher. The operating data of the test apparatus was continuously recorded and used as the basis for the cost-benefit calculation.

[0042] (3)Analysis and measurement methods During the test, exhaust gas was collected from a sampling hole installed in front of the suction fan and used for analysis of PFAS compounds (the sampling method, etc., was in accordance with Non-Patent Document 1). In addition, hydrogen fluoride, fluorocarbons (CF4, CHF3, CH2F2, C4F8), and exhaust gas were analyzed using a continuous analyzer (O2, CO2, CO, NO). x Measurements were performed using SO2. In addition, the content of PFAS adsorbed onto powdered activated carbon, and the concentrations of PFAS in the slurry filtrate and scrubber water (before and after treatment) were analyzed by solid-phase extraction-LC / MS / MS and used to calculate the decomposition efficiency and decomposition removal efficiency.

[0043] [Test Results] (1) Disassembly and processing test data Table 1 shows the main decomposition test data. The measured moisture content of the powdered activated carbon slurry was 91.5% (solid content 8.5%), but the set moisture content of 90% (solid content 10%) was used to evaluate the decomposition efficiency, etc. The amount of water in the scrubber was measured before and after treatment, and it was confirmed that the amount of water increased due to the condensation of superheated steam during treatment. The furnace temperature during the processing of the powdered activated carbon slurry was approximately 1250-1290°C. The temperature was always maintained at over 1100°C.

[0044] [Table 1]

[0045] (2) Decomposition efficiency and decomposition removal efficiency of PFOS, etc. The concentrations of PFAS compounds were analyzed for C4-C10 PFSAs (perfluorosulfonic acids) and C4-C14 PFCAs (perfluorocarboxylic acids). Table 2 shows the results for PFOS, which is mainly contained in foam fire extinguishing agents, and four other substances with high concentrations: PFOA, PFHxS, and PFHxA. As shown in Table 2, the test results indicate that the content per unit of powdered activated carbon solids was PFOS: 7800 μg / kg, PFOA: 400 μg / kg, PFHxS: 3400 μg / kg, and PFHxA: 380 μg / kg. Trace amounts were detected in scrubber water (before and after treatment), and PFOS was detected in exhaust gas at 0.4 ng / m³. 3 N, PFOA: 5.5 ng / m³ 3 N, PFHxA: 1.4 ng / m 3 N was detected. PFOS + PFOA: 5.9 ng / m³ 3 N is the reference value for the management target shown in Non-Patent Document 1 (exhaust gas: 60 ng / m³). 3 The result was below N). Table 3 shows the results of calculating the decomposition efficiency and decomposition removal efficiency using the method described in Non-Patent Document 1. As shown in the test results in Table 2, the decomposition efficiency and decomposition removal efficiency of PFOS, which is mainly contained in the foam fire extinguishing agent, were both 99.9999% or higher. The decomposition efficiency and decomposition removal efficiency of PFHxS, which had the next highest concentration, were both 99.999% or higher. The decomposition efficiency and decomposition removal efficiency of PFOA and PFHxA were both 99.99% or higher.

[0046] [Table 2]

[0047] [Table 3]

[0048] (3) Other items The hydrogen fluoride concentration in the exhaust gas is 0.6 mg / m³. 3 N and fluorocarbons were not detected (detection limit: 0.3 vol ppm). Furthermore, the exhaust gas continuous analyzer showed O2: approximately 67%, CO2: approximately 15%, CO: approximately 11 ppm, NO x The values ​​were approximately 210 ppm for 210 ppm and 8 ppm for SO2. In this case, the CO2 is thought to originate from the combustion of organic matter contained in powdered activated carbon and foam fire extinguishing agents.

[0049] The results of the demonstration tests showed that while the decomposition efficiency and decomposition removal efficiency values ​​depend on the initial concentration, both were obtained at over 99.9999% for PFOS, confirming that PFAS compounds are properly decomposed.

[0050] The present invention has been described above based on embodiments of a method and apparatus for treating fluids containing organic compounds. However, the present invention is not limited to the configuration described in the above embodiments, and its configuration can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the invention. [Industrial applicability]

[0051] The present invention provides a method and apparatus for treating fluids containing organic compounds, which can thermally decompose organic compounds such as recalcitrant organic compounds without increasing carbon dioxide emissions. Therefore, it is suitable for applications involving the decomposition of recalcitrant organic compounds, including PFAS such as PFOS / PFOA contained in environmental water such as river water, lake water, and groundwater. It is possible. [Explanation of symbols]

[0052] 1 Decomposition furnace 1A Entrance side unit 1B Intermediate Unit 1C Intermediate Unit 1D Outlet Unit 11 Exhaust gas outlet 12 Castable refractories 13a Water-cooled jacket 13b Water-cooled jacket 14 sampling ports 15a thermocouple 15b Pressure switch 15c oxygen sensor 2. Hydrogen burner 21 Central channel 22 Flow channels in the outer periphery 23 Outer periphery channel 21a Supply section for fluids containing organic compounds 21b Oxygen supply unit for spraying 22a Hydrogen supply section 23a Oxygen supply unit for combustion

Claims

1. A method for processing a fluid containing organic compounds, comprising introducing a fluid consisting of a slurry-like mixture of powdered activated carbon adsorbing organic compounds and water, and only hydrogen and oxygen as gases into a decomposition furnace via a hydrogen burner, and decomposing the organic compounds contained in the fluid under a superheated steam atmosphere generated by the combustion of the hydrogen burner, characterized in that the molar ratio of hydrogen to oxygen supply is set to 2:1 when the hydrogen burner is heated, and to a more oxygen-rich setting when supplying the fluid.

2. The method for processing a fluid containing an organic compound according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluid containing the organic compound is passed through the center of the hydrogen burner, and hydrogen and oxygen are introduced into the decomposition furnace through the outer periphery of the hydrogen burner.

3. A method for processing a fluid containing an organic compound according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that water is sprayed into the decomposition furnace when the fluid is supplied.

4. A method for treating a fluid containing an organic compound according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the organic compound is an organofluorine compound.

5. The method for treating a fluid containing an organic compound according to claim 4, characterized in that the organofluorine compound is a PFAS.

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