All-solid-state batteries and battery modules

Abstract

To discharge hydrogen sulfide gas from a desired position to the outside of a cell when hydrogen sulfide gas is generated within the cell of an all-solid battery.SOLUTION: An all-solid battery includes a laminate including a positive electrode layer, a sulfide solid electrolyte layer, and a negative electrode layer, an absorber that absorbs hydrogen sulfide gas, and an exterior body forming a housing space for housing the laminate and the absorber. The exterior body includes a sealing portion that hermetically seals the housing space. The sealing portion includes a fragile portion having a weaker sealing strength than the other parts of the sealing portion. When hydrogen sulfide gas is generated in the housing space, the fragile portion is unsealed before the other parts, thereby forming an outlet for discharging the hydrogen sulfide gas to the outside of the housing space.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to all-solid-state batteries and battery modules.

Background Art

[0002] From the perspective of climate-related disasters, for CO₂ reduction, the electrification of industrial machinery is being promoted, and research on storage batteries is also being advanced for applications such as vehicles as their energy source. As one type of storage battery, an all-solid-state battery in which the battery is made entirely solid by using a solid electrolyte is known. For the solid electrolyte, a sulfide-based solid electrolyte may be used from the perspective of high ionic conductivity and the like. When a sulfide-based solid electrolyte is used, there is a risk that hydrogen sulfide gas may be generated by reacting with moisture due to some trigger. Therefore, in Patent Document 1, an all-solid-state battery having a hydrogen sulfide gas absorbent in the cell has been proposed.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003] [[ID=TOC]]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] However, even when a hydrogen sulfide gas absorbent or the like is provided in the cell, it is conceivable that hydrogen sulfide gas may be discharged outside the cell. In such a case, depending on the position where the hydrogen sulfide gas is discharged, there is a risk that the constituent members of the all-solid-state battery may be corroded.

[0005] The present invention provides a technique for discharging hydrogen sulfide gas outside the cell from a desired position when hydrogen sulfide gas is generated inside the cell of an all-solid-state battery.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, All-solid-state battery, A laminate comprising a positive electrode layer, a sulfide-based solid electrolyte layer, and a negative electrode layer, An absorber that absorbs hydrogen sulfide gas, The system comprises an outer casing that forms a housing space for housing the laminate and the absorbent, The exterior body includes a sealing portion that airtightly seals the containment space, The sealing portion includes a weak portion whose sealing strength is weaker than other parts of the sealing portion. The aforementioned vulnerable portion forms an outlet that releases hydrogen sulfide gas to the outside of the containment space when hydrogen sulfide gas is generated in the containment space, by releasing the seal before the other parts. death , The vulnerable portion is located below the laminate in the vertical direction when the all-solid-state battery is in use. A solid-state battery characterized by the above is provided. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, when hydrogen sulfide gas is generated within the cell of an all-solid-state battery, the hydrogen sulfide gas can be discharged to the outside of the cell from a desired location. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] (A) is a front view of an all-solid-state battery according to one embodiment, and (B) is a cross-sectional view of (A) along line AA. [Figure 2] Cross-sectional view of line BB in Figure 1(A). [Figure 3] A diagram illustrating the conditions of all-solid-state batteries during transportation. [Figure 4] (A) is a magnified view of the vulnerable area, and (B) is a diagram showing the state after the seal has been broken at the vulnerable area. [Figure 5] (A) is a schematic plan view showing the configuration of a battery module equipped with an all-solid-state battery, and (B) is a cross-sectional view of (A) along line CC. [Figure 6] A schematic plan view showing the configuration of a battery module according to one embodiment, (B) is a cross-sectional view of (A) along line DD. [Figure 7](A) is a schematic plan view showing the configuration of a battery module according to one embodiment, and (B) is a cross-sectional view of (A) along line EE. [Figure 8] (A) and (B) are cross-sectional views of the EE line in Figure 7(A), showing modified examples of the battery module in Figure 7(A). [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] The embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings. Note that the following embodiments do not limit the invention as defined in the claims, and not all combinations of features described in the embodiments are essential to the invention. Two or more features from the multiple features described in the embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. Furthermore, identical or similar configurations will be given the same reference numeral, and redundant descriptions will be omitted.

[0010] <First Embodiment> <Overview of All-Solid-State Battery 1> Figure 1(A) is a front view of an all-solid-state battery 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of Figure 1(A). Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of Figure 1(A). In the figures, arrow X indicates the longitudinal direction of the all-solid-state battery 1 (or the extension direction of the lead tabs), arrow Y indicates the width direction of the all-solid-state battery 1 (or the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the lead tabs), and arrow Z indicates the thickness direction of the all-solid-state battery 1 (the stacking direction of the laminate 2). The X, Y, and Z directions are perpendicular to each other. Figure 1(A) is a view of the all-solid-state battery 1 in the Z direction. Also, in each figure, for the sake of readability, only some of the elements shown in multiples may be labeled with reference numerals.

[0011] The all-solid-state battery 1 includes a laminated body 2 which is an energy storage element, lead tabs 3 and 4, current collector tabs 5 and 6, an absorber 7, a support member 8, and an outer casing 9, and has a battery cell configuration suitable for a battery pack.

[0012] The laminate 2 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole, and includes two positive electrode layers 21A and 21B and two negative electrode layers 24A and 24B, and the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer have a two-layer structure. However, the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer of the laminate 2 may be one layer or three or more layers. Sulfide-based solid electrolyte layers 27 are provided between the positive electrode layer 21A and the negative electrode layer 24A and between the positive electrode layer 21B and the negative electrode layer 24B, respectively. That is, the laminate 2 is formed by laminating a positive electrode layer, a sulfide-based solid electrolyte layer, and a negative electrode layer.

[0013] The positive electrode layers 21A and 21B each include a positive electrode active material layer 22 and have a common positive electrode current collector 23 between the two positive electrode layers 21A and 21B. The positive electrode current collector 23 is disposed in a layered manner at the center of the laminate 2 in the Z direction, and each positive electrode active material layer 22 is laminated on the front and back thereof.

[0014] The negative electrode layers 24A and 24B are disposed on the outer sides in one direction and the other direction in the Z direction with respect to the positive electrode layers 21A and 24B, and the positive electrode layers 21A and 24B are sandwiched between the negative electrode layers 24A and 24B and laminated in this manner. However, a configuration in which the two positive electrode layers sandwich the two negative electrode layers and are laminated in the opposite manner to the configuration of the present embodiment can also be adopted. The negative electrode layers 24A and 24B each include a negative electrode active material layer 25 and a negative electrode current collector 26. The two negative electrode current collectors 26 are each formed in a layered manner on the outermost layer of the laminate 2.

[0015] Examples of the active material constituting the positive electrode active material layer 22 include lithium cobaltate, lithium nickelate, lithium manganate, lithium metal phosphate, and the like. Further, for example, the active material constituting the positive electrode active material layer 22 includes a ternary positive electrode active material (NMC) mainly composed of nickel, manganese, and cobalt, and sulfides that can be used in lithium-sulfur batteries. Examples of the active material constituting the negative electrode active material layer 25 include lithium-based materials and silicon-based materials. Examples of the lithium-based materials include Li metal and Li alloys. Examples of the silicon-based materials include Si and SiO. Other examples of the active material constituting the negative electrode active material layer 25 include carbon materials such as graphite, soft carbon, and hard carbon, tin-based materials (Sn, SnO, etc.) as materials with relatively large volume expansion, and lithium titanate.

[0016] The sulfide-based solid electrolyte layer 27 is composed of, for example, a solid electrolyte having ion conductivity, and a sulfide-based solid electrolyte material is used. The positive electrode current collector 23 and the negative electrode current collector 26 are composed of, for example, metal foils, metal sheets, or metal plates such as aluminum, copper, and SUS. The positive electrode active material layer 22, the negative electrode active material layer 25, and the sulfide-based solid electrolyte layer 27 may be formed by binding the particles of the substances constituting them with an organic polymer compound-based binder.

[0017] The lead tabs 3 and 4 are connected to a charger or an electrical load to charge or discharge the laminate 2. One end portions of the lead tabs 3 and 4 are located outside the exterior body 9, and the other end portions are located inside the exterior body 9. Here, the inside of the exterior body 9 refers to the space formed by the accommodation space 91 of the exterior body 9 described later.

[0018] The other end of lead tab 3 is connected to the positive electrode current collector 23 via current collector tab 5 inside the casing 9, and lead tab 3 forms a tab for the positive electrode. Lead tab 3 and current collector tab 5 are made of, for example, conductive metal foil, metal sheet, or metal plate. On the other hand, the other end of lead tab 4 is connected to the negative electrode current collector 26 via current collector tab 6 inside the casing 9, and lead tab 4 forms a tab for the negative electrode. Lead tab 4 and current collector tab 6 are made of, for example, conductive metal foil, metal sheet, or metal plate.

[0019] The absorber 7 absorbs hydrogen sulfide gas. In this embodiment, since a sulfide-based solid electrolyte layer 27 is used, hydrogen sulfide gas may be generated inside the outer casing 9 (housing space 91) due to some trigger, such as an external impact on the battery module BM. In such cases, the absorber 7 absorbs the hydrogen sulfide gas, thereby preventing hydrogen sulfide gas from accumulating in the housing space 91 and causing corrosion of electrode tabs (lead tabs 3 and 4, current collector tabs 5 and 6), etc.

[0020] Furthermore, the absorber 7 is positioned on the underside of the stacked structure 2 in the vertical direction (Y direction) when the all-solid-state battery 1 is in use, that is, when it is used in the battery module BM described later. This allows the absorber 7 to effectively absorb hydrogen sulfide gas, which has a higher specific gravity than air. In addition, when the all-solid-state battery 1 is in use, the absorber 7 is positioned along the longitudinal direction of the stacked structure 2 in a plan view. Therefore, it is suppressed that the absorber 7 may have difficulty absorbing hydrogen sulfide gas depending on the location where the hydrogen sulfide gas is generated.

[0021] As the absorber 7, for example, a material capable of physically or chemically absorbing hydrogen sulfide gas can be used. Specifically, materials that can physically absorb hydrogen sulfide gas include zeolites, activated carbon, or silica gel, which are capable of adsorbing gases. Specifically, materials that can chemically absorb hydrogen sulfide gas include alkali-containing substances such as hydroxides of Group I and Group II of the periodic table, such as NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2, and Mg(OH)2, as well as solutions of Ag or Cu powders, iron oxide, or copper nitrate.

[0022] The support member 8 supports the absorber 7. The support member 8 extends in an intersecting direction (X direction) that intersects the stacking direction (Z direction) of the laminate 2, and supports the absorber 7 which also extends in the intersecting direction (X direction). The position of the absorber 7 within the outer casing 9 is defined by the support member 8. The support member 8 includes an absorber support portion 81 and an extension portion 82. The support member 8 is also called a support plate. Here, the stacking direction (Z direction) of the laminate 2 and the intersecting direction (X direction), which is the direction in which the absorber 7 extends, are orthogonal to each other, but the intersecting direction is not limited to a direction orthogonal to the stacking direction. For example, the intersecting direction may be a direction that intersects the stacking direction (Z direction) and also includes a component in the X direction.

[0023] The absorber support portion 81 defines the position of the absorber 7 within the outer casing 9. The absorber support portion 81 is provided so as to surround the absorber 7 from its side downwards when viewed in the X direction (viewed in the direction of Figure 2). On the other hand, the absorber support portion 81 supports the absorber 7 in such a way that the top of the absorber 7 is open, thereby ensuring a path for hydrogen sulfide gas generated in the sulfide-based solid electrolyte layer 27 to flow to the absorber 7.

[0024] Furthermore, the absorber support portion 81 is formed wider than the thickness of the laminate 2 in the stacking direction (Z direction) of the laminate 2. This allows the support member 8 to be gripped when transporting the all-solid-state battery 1, thereby suppressing the load on the laminate 2 during transport. Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating the state of the all-solid-state battery 1 during transport. For example, the gripping member 301 that grips the all-solid-state battery 1 can grip the all-solid-state battery 1 by hooking onto the wider portion of the support member 8. If such a wide portion is not available, it would be necessary to directly grip a portion of the laminate 2 or to hold the main surface of the laminate 2 by suction. In this embodiment, since less load is placed on the laminate 2 compared to these cases, damage, malfunctions, etc., to the all-solid-state battery 1 during transport can be suppressed.

[0025] The extension portion 82 is the part that extends upward from the upper part of the absorber support portion 81 when the all-solid-state battery 1 is in use. That is, the extension portion 82 is provided extending between the laminate 2 and the outer casing 9. As a result, heat from the laminate 2 is more easily transferred to the extension portion 82, so that when the all-solid-state battery 1 is used to form a battery module BM, the heat from the laminate 2 is effectively released to the outside via the support member 8, as will be described later.

[0026] Furthermore, the extension portion 82 extends above the stacked body 2 when the all-solid-state battery 1 is in use. The support member 8 is provided with a protrusion 83 on this upper portion that projects inward in the stacking direction of the stacked body 2. The protrusion 83 restricts the downward movement of the stacked body 2 inside the outer casing 9 when the all-solid-state battery 1 is in the transport position shown in Figure 3, i.e., upside down. In other words, the protrusion 83 can suppress displacement of the stacked body 2 inside the all-solid-state battery 1.

[0027] The outer casing 9 constitutes part of the outer shape of the all-solid-state battery 1. The outer casing 9 forms a housing space 91 that accommodates the laminate 2 and the absorber 7. The outer casing 9 is formed by folding the material that forms the outer casing 9 in half. The material that forms the outer casing 9 is formed, for example, by covering the front and back surfaces of a metal layer with a resin layer (insulating layer). The outer casing 9 formed from this material has flexibility that can follow the expansion and contraction of the laminate 2. This flexibility that can follow the expansion and contraction of the laminate 2 can be obtained by the material properties of the outer casing 9 and the shape of the outer casing 9.

[0028] The outer casing 9 has a rectangular shape with four sides 9a to 9d when viewed in the Z direction. Side 9a is a folded edge of the material forming the outer casing 9. On the other hand, sides 9b to 9d are edges where the edges of the material forming the outer casing 9 overlap, and a sealing portion 92 is formed spanning sides 9b to 9d.

[0029] The sealing portion 92 hermetically seals the containment space 91. In this embodiment, the sealing portion 92 is formed by bonding the materials of the outer casing 9 together by adhesive or welding. On the opposing sides 9b and 9d of the three sides 9b to 9d, lead tabs 3 and 4 are provided so as to traverse the sealing portion 92. In this embodiment, the sealing portion 92 includes a weak portion 92a, which has weaker sealing strength than other parts 92c of the sealing portion 92. In this embodiment, the weak portion 92a is formed at the location of side 9b adjacent to side 9a and at the location of side 9d adjacent to side 9a. The weak portion 92a will be described later.

[0030] Figure 4(A) is an enlarged view of the vulnerable portion 92a. Figure 4(B) shows the state in which the seal has been broken at the vulnerable portion 92a.

[0031] The vulnerable portion 92a forms an outlet 92b that releases hydrogen sulfide gas to the outside of the containment space 91 when hydrogen sulfide gas is generated in the containment space 91, by releasing the seal before other parts 92c. This allows hydrogen sulfide gas to be released from a desired location when it is generated inside the outer casing 9 of the all-solid-state battery 1.

[0032] In detail, in this embodiment, since a sulfide-based solid electrolyte layer 27 is used as the solid electrolyte layer, there is a risk that hydrogen sulfide gas may be generated inside the outer casing 9 (containment space 91) due to some trigger. Here, an absorber 7 for absorbing hydrogen sulfide gas is provided inside the outer casing 9. However, if the hydrogen sulfide gas is not properly guided to the absorber 7, or if the absorber 7 is unable to absorb all of the generated hydrogen sulfide gas, the hydrogen sulfide gas may be discharged to the outside of the all-solid-state battery 1. In this embodiment, in such cases, an outlet 92b is formed in a vulnerable part 92a whose position is predetermined, so that the hydrogen sulfide gas is discharged from the predetermined position. Therefore, it is possible to suppress corrosion of the components of the all-solid-state battery 1 by hydrogen sulfide gas outside the all-solid-state battery 1.

[0033] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the vulnerable portion 92a is positioned on the lower side of the laminate 2 in the vertical direction (Y direction) when the all-solid-state battery 1 is in use, that is, when it is used in the battery module BM described later. This allows hydrogen sulfide gas, which has a higher specific gravity than air, to be effectively absorbed from the outlet 92b.

[0034] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the sealing portion 92 airtightly seals the containment space 91 by overlapping and welding the members that form the outer casing 9. In the weak portion 92a, the width of the welding allowance is narrower than in the other portions 92c of the sealing portion 92. This makes it possible to define the direction of hydrogen sulfide gas discharge in a simple manner. Specifically, the width W1 of the welding allowance of the weak portion 92a is narrower than the width W2 of the welding allowance of the other portions 92c of the outer casing 9. Therefore, the sealing strength is weaker in the weak portion 92a than in the other portions 92c, so when hydrogen sulfide gas accumulates in the containment space 91 and the pressure in the containment space 91 rises, the seal will be released from the weak portion 92a first.

[0035] Furthermore, as a method for forming the weak portion 92a, in addition to changing the width of the welding allowance compared to other parts 92c, other methods such as changing the welding conditions can also be employed. For example, in the weak portion 92a, the welding temperature may be lower than that of other parts 92c, the welding time may be shorter than that of other parts 92c, or the welding pressure may be lower than that of other parts 92c. Alternatively, the properties (e.g., melting point) of the resin layer of the material forming the exterior body 9 may differ between the part corresponding to the weak portion 92a and the other parts 92c.

[0036] Furthermore, the location and number of vulnerable parts 92a can be changed as appropriate. In this example, two vulnerable parts 92a are provided, but the number of vulnerable parts 92a may be one or three or more.

[0037] <Battery Module BM> Figure 5(A) is a schematic plan view showing the configuration of a battery module BM equipped with all-solid-state batteries 1. Figure 5(B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of Figure 5(A). The battery module BM is mounted in an electric vehicle such as a hybrid car or EV (not shown). The battery module BM includes a plurality of the aforementioned all-solid-state batteries 1, a separator 101, and a base member 201.

[0038] Multiple solid-state batteries 1 (battery cells) are stacked in the thickness direction (Z direction) to form a battery group. When multiple solid-state batteries 1 (battery cells) are stacked, insulating separators 101 can be arbitrarily placed between the cells. For example, in this embodiment, the solid-state batteries 1 are stacked alternately with the separators 101 in the Z direction while in an upright position.

[0039] The base member 201 is a flat plate-shaped member that supports the all-solid-state battery 1 and is supported by the vehicle frame or bracket of the electric vehicle. The base member 201 includes an arrangement section 210, a discharge path forming section 220, and a refrigerant path forming section 230.

[0040] Multiple solid-state batteries 1 are arranged in the arrangement section 210. The arrangement section 210 is provided with a number of recesses 210a corresponding to the number of solid-state batteries 1. The solid-state batteries 1 are arranged in the arrangement section 210 by fitting into the recesses 210a. The recesses 210a are formed so that the wide portion (absorber support portion 81) of the support member 8 of the solid-state battery 1 fits into them. This makes it difficult for the solid-state batteries 1 to come off the arrangement section 210 when the battery module BM is subjected to external force or vibration. Thus, the vibration resistance of the battery module BM can be improved. The arrangement section 210 is formed of, for example, a flexible material, and the solid-state batteries 1 fit into the recesses 210a by pushing them into the recesses 210a from above.

[0041] The discharge path forming section 220 forms a discharge path 221 through which hydrogen sulfide gas discharged from the discharge port 92b of the all-solid-state battery 1, which is placed in the arrangement section 210, passes. The discharge path forming section 220 is, for example, an elongated hole formed in the base member 201.

[0042] The discharge path 221 is provided on both sides of the arrangement section 210 in the X direction, extending in the Z direction. Furthermore, the discharge path 221 is provided so as to overlap with the vulnerable portion 92a of the all-solid-state battery 1 in the Y direction (vertical direction). The discharge path 221 is adjacent to the vulnerable portion 92a of the all-solid-state battery 1, and when the discharge port 92b is formed in the vulnerable portion 92a, the hydrogen sulfide gas discharged from the discharge port 92b is introduced into the discharge path 221. The hydrogen sulfide gas introduced into the discharge path 221 is discharged to the outside of the battery module BM. This prevents the hydrogen sulfide gas from corroding the components of the battery module BM. For example, the battery module BM is located in the internal space of the battery pack. The hydrogen sulfide gas discharged from the discharge port 92b is then introduced via the discharge path 221 into a space in the battery pack where a hydrogen sulfide gas absorbent is pre-installed. Alternatively, the hydrogen sulfide gas discharged from outlet 92b is introduced into a space equipped with a hydrogen sulfide gas absorbent, which is separate from the battery pack. This prevents other components of the battery pack (auxiliary equipment, busbars, etc.) from coming into contact with the hydrogen sulfide gas and corroding. Furthermore, this prevents the generated hydrogen sulfide gas from flowing into the passenger compartment.

[0043] The refrigerant path forming section 230 forms a refrigerant path 231 through which a refrigerant passes for cooling the all-solid-state batteries 1 arranged in the arrangement section 210. The refrigerant path forming section 230 is, for example, an elongated hole formed in the base member 201. The refrigerant path 231 is provided below the plurality of all-solid-state batteries 1, reciprocating in the Z direction, and extending from one end to the other in the longitudinal direction of the all-solid-state batteries 1. In addition to the cooling structure using a refrigerant, other cooling structures such as an air-cooled cooling structure that introduces airflow during vehicle operation can also be used as the cooling structure for the battery module BM.

[0044] According to the battery module BM described above, when hydrogen sulfide gas is generated inside the outer casing 9 of the all-solid-state battery 1 that constitutes the battery module BM, the hydrogen sulfide gas can be discharged from a desired location.

[0045] <Second Embodiment> Figure 6(A) is a schematic plan view showing the configuration of a battery module BM2 according to one embodiment. Figure 6(B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD of Figure 6(A). Hereinafter, components similar to those of the battery module BM in the above embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals and their descriptions will be omitted.

[0046] In the all-solid-state battery 501 of this embodiment, the outer casing 509 is formed by overlapping two materials and sealing all of the edges 9a to 9d. A vulnerable portion 592a is formed on edge 9a. When the seal on the vulnerable portion 592a is released, an outlet 592b is formed, which discharges hydrogen sulfide gas downward. In other words, the direction of hydrogen sulfide gas discharge from the outlet 592b is different from that of the aforementioned outlet 92b.

[0047] The two discharge paths 621 formed by the discharge path forming section 620 of the base member 201 extend in the Z direction below the all-solid-state battery 501 and are provided so as to overlap with the vulnerable sections 592a on both sides in the X direction. This allows hydrogen sulfide gas to be introduced into the discharge paths 621 when the discharge port 592b is formed in the vulnerable section 592a. In addition, the refrigerant path 631 formed by the refrigerant path forming section 630 of the base member 201 is provided so as to reciprocate in the Z direction and exist between the two discharge paths 621 in the X direction.

[0048] In this embodiment, the discharge path 621 is provided so as to overlap with the casing 509 of the all-solid-state battery 501 in the X direction, thus the battery module BM2 can be miniaturized in the X direction. In this embodiment, the entire discharge path 621 overlaps with the casing 509, but a part of the discharge path 621 may overlap with the casing 509. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the discharge path 621 and the refrigerant path 631 are arranged so as to overlap in the Y direction (vertical direction), thus the battery module BM2 can also be miniaturized in the Y direction.

[0049] <Third Embodiment> Figure 7(A) is a schematic plan view showing the configuration of a battery module BM3 according to one embodiment. Figure 7(B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE of Figure 7(A). Hereinafter, components similar to those of the battery module BM in the above embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals and their descriptions will be omitted.

[0050] In this embodiment, the all-solid-state battery 701 has a vulnerable portion 792a, similar to the vulnerable portion 92a, formed only on edge 9b. The outlet 792b, formed when the seal of the vulnerable portion 792a is broken, discharges hydrogen sulfide gas in the X direction.

[0051] The discharge path 821, formed by the discharge path forming portion 820 of the base member 201, extends in the Z direction and is provided to overlap with the vulnerable portion 792a in the Y direction. This allows hydrogen sulfide gas to be introduced into the discharge path 821 when the discharge port 792b is formed in the vulnerable portion 792a.

[0052] Furthermore, the refrigerant path 831 formed by the refrigerant path forming portion 830 of the base member 201 includes a portion extending in the X direction. That is, the refrigerant path 831 is formed to extend along the direction in which the support member 8 of the solid-state battery 701 extends. The refrigerant path 831 has a portion that extends along the support member 8 on at least one side in the Z direction for each of the multiple solid-state batteries 701. This allows for effective heat transfer from the laminate 2 to the refrigerant via the support member 8. In addition, in places where the distance between solid-state batteries 701 becomes longer in the Z direction in order to ensure that the portion of the refrigerant path 831 extends along the support member 8, a separator 101 or a cushion 102 may be added.

[0053] Furthermore, in this embodiment, both the discharge path 821 and the refrigerant path 831 overlap with the solid-state battery 701 in the Y direction (vertical direction). This allows the battery module BM to be made smaller in the vertical direction. Note that the entire discharge path 821 and the refrigerant path 831 may overlap with the solid-state battery 701 in the Y direction, or only a part of them may overlap with the solid-state battery 701 in the Y direction.

[0054] <Variation> Figures 8(A) and 8(B) are cross-sectional views of the EE line of Figure 7(A), showing modified versions of the battery module BM3. Note that the discharge path 821 is omitted here. In Figure 8(A), the cross-sectional shape of the refrigerant path 831a formed by the refrigerant path forming section 830a is triangular. This allows the refrigerant path 831a to be compactly arranged in the Z direction, and the battery module BM3 can be miniaturized in the Z direction. In particular, in the direction shown, the triangular shape of the cross-section is inverted vertically at the point where the portion of the refrigerant path 831a extending to the support member 8 is adjacent, allowing the refrigerant path 831a to be arranged more compactly. In Figure 8(B), the absorber 907 and the absorber support section 981 of the support member 908 have an inverted triangular cross-section in the direction shown. This configuration also allows the all-solid-state battery 901 and the refrigerant path 831a to be brought closer together in the Z direction, thus miniaturizing the battery module BM3 in the Z direction.

[0055] <Summary of Embodiments> The above embodiments disclose at least the following all-solid-state batteries and battery modules.

[0056] 1. According to the above embodiment, All-solid-state battery (1), A laminate (2) comprising a positive electrode layer (21A, 21B), a sulfide-based solid electrolyte layer (27), and a negative electrode layer (24A, 24B), An absorber (7) that absorbs hydrogen sulfide gas, The system comprises an outer casing (9) that forms a housing space (91) for housing the laminate and the absorbent, The exterior body includes a sealing portion (92) that airtightly seals the containment space, The sealing portion includes a weak portion (92a) whose sealing strength is weaker than other parts (92c) of the sealing portion. The vulnerable portion forms an outlet (92b) that releases hydrogen sulfide gas to the outside of the containment space when hydrogen sulfide gas is generated in the containment space, by releasing the seal before the other parts. Solid-state batteries are provided.

[0057] According to this embodiment, when hydrogen sulfide gas is generated inside the casing of the all-solid-state battery, the hydrogen sulfide gas can be discharged from a desired location.

[0058] 2. According to the above embodiment, The absorber is positioned on the lower side of the stack in the vertical direction when the all-solid-state battery is in use. Solid-state batteries are provided.

[0059] According to this embodiment, the absorber can effectively absorb hydrogen sulfide gas, which has a higher specific gravity than the atmosphere.

[0060] 3. According to the above embodiment, The vulnerable portion is located below the laminate in the vertical direction when the all-solid-state battery is in use. Solid-state batteries are provided.

[0061] According to this embodiment, hydrogen sulfide gas accumulated at the bottom of the housing space of the outer casing can be effectively discharged.

[0062] 4. According to the above embodiment, The sealing portion airtightly seals the containment space by overlapping and welding the materials forming the outer casing. The aforementioned weak portion has a narrower welding allowance than the other portions. Solid-state batteries are available.

[0063] According to this embodiment, the direction of hydrogen sulfide gas discharge can be defined in a simple manner.

[0064] 5. According to the above embodiment, The absorber is provided extending in a direction that intersects the stacking direction of the laminate, The all-solid-state battery further comprises a support member (8) that extends in the intersecting direction between the absorber and the outer casing and supports the absorber. Solid-state batteries are available.

[0065] According to this embodiment, the position of the absorber within the outer casing can be defined by the support member.

[0066] 6. According to the above embodiment, The support member is formed to be wider than the thickness of the laminate in the lamination direction. Solid-state batteries are available.

[0067] According to this embodiment, the support member can be gripped during the transport of the all-solid-state battery, thereby suppressing the load placed on the laminate during transport.

[0068] 7. According to the above embodiment, The support member extends between the laminate and the outer casing (82), Solid-state batteries are available.

[0069] According to this embodiment, the heat generated in the laminate can be released to the outside through the support member.

[0070] 8. According to the above embodiment, The support member extends above the laminate in the vertical direction when the all-solid-state battery is in use. The support member includes a protrusion (83) that projects inward in the stacking direction in the portion above the laminate, Solid-state batteries are available.

[0071] According to this embodiment, even when the all-solid-state battery is transported in an inverted position compared to when it is in use, displacement of the stacked layers inside the all-solid-state battery can be suppressed.

[0072] 9. According to the above embodiment, All-solid-state batteries and A battery module (BM) comprising an arrangement section in which the all-solid-state battery is arranged, The aforementioned all-solid-state battery is A laminate (2) comprising a positive electrode layer (21A, 21B), a sulfide-based solid electrolyte layer (27), and a negative electrode layer (24A, 24B), An absorber (7) that absorbs hydrogen sulfide gas, The system comprises an outer casing (9) that forms a housing space (91) for housing the laminate and the absorbent, The exterior body includes a sealing portion (92) that airtightly seals the containment space, The sealing portion includes a weak portion (92a) whose sealing strength is weaker than other parts (92c) of the sealing portion. The vulnerable portion forms an outlet (92b) that releases hydrogen sulfide gas to the outside of the containment space when hydrogen sulfide gas is generated in the containment space, by releasing the seal before the other parts. A battery module is provided.

[0073] According to this embodiment, when hydrogen sulfide gas is generated inside the casing of the all-solid-state battery constituting the battery module, the hydrogen sulfide gas can be discharged from a desired location.

[0074] 10. According to the above embodiment, The absorber is provided extending in a direction that intersects the stacking direction of the laminate, The all-solid-state battery further includes a support member (8) that extends in the intersecting direction between the absorber and the outer casing and supports the absorber, The support member is formed to be wider than the thickness of the laminate in the lamination direction. The arrangement portion includes a recess (210a) into which the portion of the all-solid-state battery including the support member is fitted. A battery module is provided.

[0075] According to this embodiment, the portion of the support member that is wider than the laminate fits into the recess of the placement section, making it less likely for the all-solid-state battery to come loose from the placement section when subjected to external force or vibration. Therefore, the vibration resistance of the battery module can be improved.

[0076] 11. According to the above embodiment, The system further includes an exhaust path forming section (220) that forms an exhaust path (221) through which hydrogen sulfide gas discharged from the exhaust port of the all-solid-state battery arranged in the aforementioned arrangement section passes. A battery module is provided.

[0077] According to this embodiment, hydrogen sulfide gas discharged from the outlet can be discharged outside the battery module, thereby suppressing corrosion of the components constituting the battery module.

[0078] 12. According to the above embodiment, The device further comprises refrigerant path forming sections (230, 630, 830) that form refrigerant paths (231, 631, 831) through which a refrigerant for cooling the all-solid-state battery arranged in the aforementioned arrangement section passes, The absorber is provided extending in a direction that intersects the stacking direction of the laminate, The all-solid-state battery further includes a support member (8) that extends in the intersecting direction between the absorber and the outer casing and supports the absorber, The refrigerant path is formed to extend along the direction in which the support member extends (831), A battery module is provided.

[0079] According to this embodiment, heat can be effectively transferred from the laminate to the refrigerant via the support member.

[0080] 13. According to the above embodiment, The discharge path and the refrigerant path are arranged to overlap in the vertical direction (621, 631, 821, 831). A battery module is provided.

[0081] According to this embodiment, the battery module can be miniaturized in the vertical direction.

[0082] The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications and changes are possible within the scope of the gist of the invention. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0083] 1: All-solid battery, 2: Laminate, 7: Absorber, 9: Exterior body, 92: Sealing part, 92a: Fragile part, 92b: Discharge port

Claims

1. All-solid-state battery, A laminate comprising a positive electrode layer, a sulfide-based solid electrolyte layer, and a negative electrode layer, An absorber that absorbs hydrogen sulfide gas, The system comprises an outer casing that forms a housing space for housing the laminate and the absorbent, The exterior body includes a sealing portion that airtightly seals the containment space, The sealing portion includes a weak portion whose sealing strength is weaker than other parts of the sealing portion. The aforementioned vulnerable portion forms an outlet that releases hydrogen sulfide gas to the outside of the containment space by releasing the seal before the other parts when hydrogen sulfide gas is generated in the containment space. The vulnerable portion is located below the laminate in the vertical direction when the all-solid-state battery is in use. A solid-state battery characterized by the following features.

2. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 1, The absorber is positioned on the lower side of the stack in the vertical direction when the all-solid-state battery is in use. A solid-state battery characterized by the following features.

3. A solid-state battery according to any one of claims 1 to 2, The sealing portion airtightly seals the containment space by overlapping and welding the materials forming the outer casing. The aforementioned weak portion has a narrower welding allowance than the other portions. A solid-state battery characterized by the following features.

4. A solid-state battery, A laminate comprising a positive electrode layer, a sulfide-based solid electrolyte layer, and a negative electrode layer, An absorber that absorbs hydrogen sulfide gas, The system comprises an outer casing that forms a housing space for housing the laminate and the absorbent, The exterior body includes a sealing portion that airtightly seals the containment space, The sealing portion includes a weak portion whose sealing strength is weaker than other parts of the sealing portion. The aforementioned vulnerable portion forms an outlet that releases hydrogen sulfide gas to the outside of the containment space by releasing the seal before the other parts when hydrogen sulfide gas is generated in the containment space. The absorber is provided extending in a direction that intersects the stacking direction of the laminate, The all-solid-state battery further comprises a support member that extends in the intersecting direction between the absorber and the outer casing and supports the absorber. A solid-state battery characterized by the following features.

5. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 4, The support member is formed to be wider than the thickness of the laminate in the lamination direction. A solid-state battery characterized by the following features.

6. A solid-state battery according to any one of claims 4 to 5, The support member extends between the laminate and the outer casing, A solid-state battery characterized by the following features.

7. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 6, The support member extends above the laminate in the vertical direction when the all-solid-state battery is in use. The support member includes a portion above the laminate that protrudes inward in the lamination direction, A solid-state battery characterized by the following features.

8. All-solid-state batteries and A battery module comprising an arrangement section in which the all-solid-state battery is arranged, The aforementioned all-solid-state battery is A laminate comprising a positive electrode layer, a sulfide-based solid electrolyte layer, and a negative electrode layer, An absorber that absorbs hydrogen sulfide gas, The system comprises an outer casing that forms a housing space for housing the laminate and the absorbent, The exterior body includes a sealing portion that airtightly seals the containment space, The sealing portion includes a weak portion whose sealing strength is weaker than other parts of the sealing portion. The aforementioned vulnerable portion forms an outlet that releases hydrogen sulfide gas to the outside of the containment space by releasing the seal before the other parts when hydrogen sulfide gas is generated in the containment space. The system further comprises an exhaust path forming unit that forms an exhaust path through which hydrogen sulfide gas discharged from the exhaust port of the all-solid-state battery arranged in the aforementioned arrangement unit passes. The discharge path extends in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the all-solid-state battery and is formed at a position overlapping with the outer casing in the longitudinal direction. A battery module characterized by the following features.

9. All-solid-state battery, A battery module comprising an arrangement section in which the all-solid-state battery is arranged, The aforementioned all-solid-state battery is A laminate comprising a positive electrode layer, a sulfide-based solid electrolyte layer, and a negative electrode layer, An absorber that absorbs hydrogen sulfide gas, The system comprises an outer casing that forms a housing space for housing the laminate and the absorbent, The exterior body includes a sealing portion that airtightly seals the containment space, The sealing portion includes a weak portion whose sealing strength is weaker than other parts of the sealing portion. The aforementioned vulnerable portion forms an outlet that releases hydrogen sulfide gas to the outside of the containment space by releasing the seal before the other parts when hydrogen sulfide gas is generated in the containment space. The absorber is provided extending in a direction that intersects the stacking direction of the laminate, The all-solid-state battery further includes a support member that extends in the intersecting direction between the absorber and the outer casing and supports the absorber, The support member is formed to be wider than the thickness of the laminate in the lamination direction. The arrangement portion includes a recess into which the portion of the all-solid-state battery including the support member is fitted. A solid-state battery characterized by the following features.

10. All-solid-state battery, A battery module comprising an arrangement section in which the all-solid-state battery is arranged, The aforementioned all-solid-state battery is A laminate comprising a positive electrode layer, a sulfide-based solid electrolyte layer, and a negative electrode layer, An absorber that absorbs hydrogen sulfide gas, The system comprises an outer casing that forms a housing space for housing the laminate and the absorbent, The exterior body includes a sealing portion that airtightly seals the containment space, The sealing portion includes a weak portion whose sealing strength is weaker than other parts of the sealing portion. The aforementioned vulnerable portion forms an outlet that releases hydrogen sulfide gas to the outside of the containment space by releasing the seal before the other parts when hydrogen sulfide gas is generated in the containment space. The aforementioned battery module is An exhaust path forming unit that forms an exhaust path through which hydrogen sulfide gas discharged from the exhaust port of the all-solid-state battery arranged in the aforementioned arrangement unit passes, The system further comprises a refrigerant path forming unit that forms a refrigerant path through which a refrigerant for cooling the all-solid-state battery arranged in the aforementioned arrangement unit passes, The absorber is provided extending in a direction that intersects the stacking direction of the laminate, The all-solid-state battery further includes a support member that extends in the intersecting direction between the absorber and the outer casing and supports the absorber, The refrigerant path is formed to extend along the direction in which the support member extends. A battery module characterized by the following features.

11. A battery module according to claim 10, The discharge path and the refrigerant path are arranged to overlap in the vertical direction. A battery module characterized by the following features.

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