Solar panel installation roof structure

Abstract

To reduce variations in a serial wiring system of solar panels installed on a roof and to simplify wiring.SOLUTION: A roof structure for solar panel installation includes a roof 2 on which a plurality of elongated roof panels 21 with a plurality of solar panels 3 installed in one line on the upper face are arranged in parallel. When a serial connection number in which the solar panels 3 are connected with each other in series is larger than an installation number of the solar panels 3 on the roof panel 21, the roof 2 is constituted of two kinds of roof panels 21 that are a roof panel 22 for serial connection in which all solar panels 3 installed on its upper face are connected in series and a roof panel 23 for difference aggregation in which the solar panels 3 corresponding to a difference between the serial connection number and the installation number are collected and installed. The roof 2 having the roof structure for solar panel installation is constructed by the roof panel 22 for serial connection and the roof panel 23 for difference aggregation.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a rooftop structure for installing solar panels.

Background Art

[0002] In buildings such as houses, solar panels are installed on the roof to generate electricity by the solar panels (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0003] A large number of solar panels are installed on the roof. A required number of the large number of solar panels are connected in series so as to have a predetermined voltage, and the solar panels connected in series are connected to each other in parallel.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] For example, in the case of Patent Document 1, 108 solar panels installed in a rectangular shape of 9 rows and 12 columns on the roof are, for example, divided into groups of 20 each and connected in series while proceeding in a zigzag shape horizontally from the upper left to the lower right of the rectangle, and each of these groups is connected to each other in parallel.

[0006] However, when connecting the solar panels in series in groups of 20 each in order from the upper left to the lower right in this way, when looking at the entire solar panels, there are many variations in the combination method of the solar panels connected in series, resulting in problems such as a complicated wiring pattern.

[0007] In particular, the problem of wiring pattern complexity becomes more significant when the number of solar panels connected in series (20) is greater than the number of solar panels installed horizontally (12).

[0008] Therefore, the main objective of this invention is to propose a roof structure that contributes to improving the above-mentioned problems. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In response to the above problems, the present invention provides: A solar panel installation roof structure having multiple long, narrow roof panels, each with multiple solar panels installed in a row on its upper surface, arranged in parallel, When the number of series connections of the solar panels is greater than the number of solar panels installed on the roof panel, The aforementioned roof is A series connection roof panel in which all of the aforementioned solar panels installed on the top surface are connected in series, The difference between the number of series connections and the number of installed solar panels multiple Collect and set up death It is composed of two types of roof panels: a differential aggregation roof panel and a different type of roof panel. 、 The aforementioned series connection roof panels are provided in quantities equal to the number of series wiring systems. The aforementioned differential aggregation roof panels are provided in a number that can obtain the difference in sunlight for each of the aforementioned wiring systems. A roof structure for installing solar panels, characterized by [this feature]. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to the present invention, the above configuration allows for the installation of solar panels on a roof. In contrast, multiple Wiring system How to combine solar panels to form a grid, and how to connect solar panels in series. This allows for reducing variations and simplifying wiring. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0011] [Figure 1] This is an exploded perspective view of the roof of a building equipped with a solar panel installation roof structure according to this embodiment. [Figure 2] It is an exploded perspective view of the roof panel in FIG. 1. [Figure 3] It is a diagram showing a solar panel installation roof structure according to Example 1. [Figure 4] It is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of solar panels installed on the roof panel and the number of series connections of the solar panels. Among these, (a) is the case where the number of solar panels installed and the number of series connections of the solar panels are the same, and (b) is the case where the number of series connections of the solar panels is more than the number of solar panels installed. [Figure 5] It is a diagram showing the state of a solar panel installation roof structure according to a comparative example. [Figure 6] It is a diagram showing a solar panel installation roof structure according to Example 2.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0012] Hereinafter, this embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 to 6 are for explaining this embodiment.

Example

[0013] <Configuration> Hereinafter, the configuration of this example will be described.

[0014] As shown in FIG. 1, solar panels 3 are installed on the roof 2 of a building 1 such as a house.

[0015] Here, the building 1 can have any structure. For example, it can be a unit building. The unit building is a building 1 that can be constructed in a short period by transporting a building unit 4 manufactured in a factory in advance to a construction site and assembling it at the construction site.

[0016] The building units 4 include steel-framed and wood-framed types. The steel-framed building unit 4 has a rectangular box-frame structure unit frame 8 as its skeletal structure, which is made up of four ceiling beams 6 connected in a rectangular shape between the upper ends of four columns 5 and four floor beams connected in a rectangular shape between the lower ends of four columns 5. The main building body 9 is formed by combining multiple building units 4.

[0017] The roof 2 is installed on top of the main building 9 to protect it. The roof 2 is installed on the uppermost building unit 4. The roof 2 can be of any structure, but it is preferable to have one as described below.

[0018] In contrast to the basic configuration described above, this embodiment can have the following configuration.

[0019] (1-1) The solar panel installation roof structure in this embodiment is Multiple solar panels 3 are installed in a single row along the upper surface of the elongated roof panel 21 (Figure 2). The roof 2 may also consist of multiple roof panels 21 (each having multiple solar panels 3) arranged in a row.

[0020] Here, the roof panel 21 is an elongated shape with multiple solar panels 3 installed in a row on its upper surface. The roof panel 21 is approximately rectangular in plan view, having a width dimension of at least the width of one solar panel 3 or slightly larger, and a length dimension of at least enough to install multiple solar panels 3 side by side. In this embodiment, the roof panel 21 is a long member with a length that spans across multiple building units 4. The roof panel 21 extends in the direction of the short side of the building unit 4 and is arranged in parallel in the direction of the long side of the building unit 4.

[0021] "Along with the roof panel 21" means arranging the solar panels 3 along the longitudinal direction of the roof panel 21.

[0022] The upper surface of the roof panel 21 refers to the upper surface of the roof panel 21, or the surface facing upwards.

[0023] The solar panel 3 is a modularized planar power generation element that generates electricity from sunlight. The solar panel 3 is approximately rectangular in shape when viewed from above. Multiple solar panels 3 are installed on the upper surface of the roof panel 21, arranged in a straight line along the longitudinal direction of the roof panel 21 (the vertical direction of the roof 2). The solar panels 3 are to be attached to the roof panel 21 in advance, at the latest before the roof panel 21 is installed on the building body 9 at the construction site. The solar panels 3 can be attached to the upper surface of the roof panel 21 in advance at the factory, or immediately before installation on the ground at the construction site.

[0024] The arrangement of multiple roof panels 21 means that the long, narrow roof panels 21 are placed with their long sides almost butted together, their short sides aligned, and arranged in the direction of their short sides, thereby installing them horizontally on the roof 2. In other words, multiple roof panels 21 are arranged horizontally on the building body 9. This forms a roof 2 that covers the building body 9. In this embodiment, the roof 2 is a nearly flat roof, for example. However, the roof 2 may also be a sloped roof, for example.

[0025] Then, with the solar panels 3 installed on the building body 9 in this manner, multiple roof panels 21 are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction of the roof 2 to form a roof 2 equipped with a solar panel installation roof structure. In this case, the number of solar panels 3 installed on the roof 2 is equal to the number of solar panels 3 installed on each roof panel 21 and the number of roof panels 21 arranged. In this embodiment, the solar panels 3 are installed in a nearly rectangular shape in plan view, so as to cover almost the entire surface of the roof 2, with no noticeable gaps between them in the vertical and horizontal directions, and in a neat, integrated state with the roof 2.

[0026] In this embodiment, for example, as shown in Figure 3, roof panels 21, each equipped with six solar panels 3, are arranged in seven horizontal rows. As a result, a total of 42 solar panels 3 are installed on the roof 2 in a roughly rectangular shape when viewed from above, with 6 panels vertically (number of panels installed = 6) and 7 horizontal rows (number of arrangements = 7). However, the number of solar panels 3 installed on each roof panel 21 and the number of arrangements of roof panels 21 on the roof 2 are not limited to those described above.

[0027] Furthermore, if the number of series connections (connecting solar panels 3 in series) is greater than the number of solar panels 3 installed on the roof panel 21, Roof 2 is, A series connection roof panel 22 in which all solar panels 3 installed on the top surface are connected in series, The roofing system may consist of two types of roof panels 21: a differential aggregation roof panel 23, which is made up of solar panels 3 equal to the difference between the number of series connections and the number of panels installed, and a differential aggregation roof panel 23.

[0028] Here, the number of solar panels 3 installed on a roof panel 21 refers to the number of solar panels 3 (or panels) installed in a row on a single roof panel 21. The number of installations is set appropriately according to the specifications of the roof panel 21, such as its shape and size. As described above, in this embodiment, the number of installations is 6.

[0029] The number of series connections refers to the number of solar panels 3 connected in series to boost the power generated by each solar panel 3 to a predetermined voltage. As described above, in this embodiment, the number of series connections is 7. By connecting the solar panels 3 in series, the voltage is boosted by the number of panels connected, resulting in a higher voltage. The predetermined voltage is set appropriately according to the specifications of the power equipment for the solar panels 3, such as a power conditioner installed inside the building 1.

[0030] Since the number of solar panels installed and the number of panels connected in series are determined based on different criteria, there is no direct relationship between the number of installed panels and the number of panels connected in series, and there is a high possibility that the numbers will differ.

[0031] When the number of series connections of solar panels 3 is greater than the number of solar panels 3 installed on the roof panel 21, it refers to cases other than those where the numbers match (or are equal), such as when the number of installed panels is 6 and the number of series connections is 6, as shown in Figure 4(a). It also refers to cases where the number of series connections exceeds the number of installed panels, such as when the number of installed panels is 6 and the number of series connections is 7, as shown in Figure 4(b). Note that when the number of series connections is less than the number of installed panels, the required number of series connections is secured within the same roof panel 21, resulting in a surplus of solar panels 3 that are not connected in series, so this does not pose much of a problem.

[0032] For example, in Figure 4(b), the solar panels 3 on the left roof panel 21 alone are not enough to form one wiring system (x) with the required number of series connections. Therefore, the difference between the number of series connections and the number of panels installed is borrowed from the solar panels 3 of another roof panel 21 (for example, the roof panel 21 to the right). As a result, the roof panel 21 to the right will have fewer solar panels 3 available to form another series wiring system (y) by the amount that was borrowed.

[0033] Then, the solar panels 3, which are arranged in order of number on the roof panel 21, are grouped together according to the number of series connections, borrowing from adjacent panels in the same manner as described above. This results in multiple series wiring systems with different hatching types, as shown in the comparative example in Figure 5.

[0034] As a result, this roof panel 21 can have as many as four different usage patterns for the six installed solar panels 3, as shown in A through D.

[0035] Of these, Pattern A uses all six solar panels 3 in the same series wiring system. Pattern B uses five solar panels 3 in the same series wiring system and the remaining one solar panel 3 in a different series wiring system. Pattern C uses four solar panels 3 in the same series wiring system and the remaining two solar panels 3 in a different series wiring system. Pattern D uses three solar panels 3 in the same series wiring system and the remaining three solar panels 3 in a different series wiring system. Solar panels 3 belonging to the same wiring system are connected in series to each other, spanning across the roof panel 21.

[0036] As a result, the variations in the wiring systems connected in series also increase, from left to right in the diagram: a combination of the 6 panels of pattern A and the 1 upper panel of the adjacent pattern B; a combination of the 5 lower panels of pattern B and the 2 upper panels of the adjacent pattern C; a combination of the 4 lower panels of pattern C and the 3 upper panels of the adjacent pattern D; a combination of the 3 lower panels of pattern D and the 4 lower panels of the adjacent pattern C; a combination of the 2 upper panels of pattern C and the 5 lower panels of the adjacent pattern B; and a combination of the 1 upper panel of pattern B and the 6 panels of the adjacent pattern A. When viewed as a whole, roof 2 results in a large number of variations in how the solar panels 3 are combined in series, or in the wiring systems formed for the solar panels 3 connected in series.

[0037] Therefore, the above method requires at least four types of roof panels 21, A through D. After constructing the roof 2 by appropriately combining these four types of roof panels 21, it becomes necessary to perform complex connections between the roof panels 21 and connections between the roof panels 21 and the power equipment inside the building 1, which is time-consuming, costly, and requires effort.

[0038] Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, the roof panel 21 only needs to have at least two types: a series connection roof panel 22 and a differential aggregation roof panel 23, depending on the way the solar panels 3 installed on the roof panel 21 are connected. The series connection roof panel 22 and the differential aggregation roof panel 23 have the same basic structure, differing only in the way the solar panels 3 are connected.

[0039] As a result, the wiring systems (a) to (f) connected in series will consist only of combinations of all the solar panels 3 on the series-connection roof panel 22 and the corresponding difference solar panels 3 on the difference-aggregation roof panel 23. Therefore, the variations in how the solar panels 3 can be combined or how the solar panels 3 can be connected in series to form multiple wiring systems (a) to (f) are greatly reduced.

[0040] The series-connection roof panel 22 connects all the solar panels 3 installed on its upper surface in series (electrically connects them). In this embodiment, all six solar panels 3 are connected in series in the series-connection roof panel 22.

[0041] The differential aggregation roof panel 23 is formed by collecting the difference between the number of series connections and the number of installed solar panels 3 and installing them simultaneously (or by installing them together on the same roof panel 21).

[0042] Inside each differential aggregation roof panel 23, the differential solar panels 3 are separated and used individually for each series wiring system. The differential aggregation roof panels 23 are prepared in the necessary number (one or more) so that there are enough solar panels 3 available for a number of systems equal to or greater than the number of series connection roof panels 22 installed. As a result, the number of roof panels 21 arranged is the sum of the series connection roof panels 22 and the differential aggregation roof panels 23.

[0043] In this case, the number of solar panels 3 representing the difference between the number of series connections and the number of installed panels is not necessarily one. If the difference in the number of solar panels 3 is multiple, the solar panels 3 installed on the differential aggregation roof panel 23 are grouped together in the required number of differential solar panels 3 and connected to each other in series (electrically connected) to form a separate system. The required number of differential aggregation roof panels 23 is then set so that the number of system divisions of solar panels 3 within the differential aggregation roof panel 23 is equal to or greater than the number of series connection roof panels 22 used.

[0044] For example, as in this embodiment, if the number of installed panels is 6 and the number of series connections is 7, and the difference in the number of solar panels 3 between the number of series connections and the number of installed panels is 1, then the differential aggregation roof panel 23 will allocate one solar panel 3 to each of the 6 wiring systems (a) to (f). This ensures that the 6 solar panels 3 cover the 6 series wiring systems (a) to (f). The one solar panel 3 corresponding to each wiring system (a) to (f) is kept independent and not connected to each other. In this case, one differential aggregation roof panel 23 corresponds to 6 series connection roof panels 22. The number of roof panels 21 arranged will then be 7.

[0045] Furthermore, although not specifically shown in the diagram, if, for example, the number of installed panels is 6 and the number of series connections is 8, and the difference in the number of solar panels 3 between the number of series connections and the number of installed panels is 2, then the differential aggregation roof panel 23 groups together 2 of the 6 solar panels 3 and assigns them to each wiring system. This ensures that the 6 solar panels 3 cover 3 series wiring systems. It is preferable that the 2 solar panels 3 that are grouped together for use in the same wiring system are connected in series with adjacent panels. In this case, one differential aggregation roof panel 23 corresponds to 3 series-connected roof panels 22, and two differential aggregation roof panels 23 correspond to 6 series-connected roof panels 22. The number of roof panels 21 arranged is 8.

[0046] Furthermore, the same approach can be used when the number of differential solar panels 3 is three or more. For example, the differential aggregation roof panel 23 may be prepared by having all the installed solar panels 3 in an independent state, and then, when the number of differential solar panels 3 is determined, the solar panels 3 can be divided into systems and the necessary internal series connections can be made. This series connection can be done in advance at the factory.

[0047] A roof 2 having a solar panel installation structure is constructed using roof panels 21. In this case, the roof 2 having a solar panel installation structure is constructed using (only) these series-connected roof panels 22 and differential aggregation roof panels 23.

[0048] (1-2) The series connection roof panels 22 may be arranged in pairs adjacent to each other. The differential aggregation roof panel 23 may be installed at a position 32 between sets 31 of the series-connected roof panels 22, or at the outermost position 32.

[0049] Here, the two series-connected roof panels 22 that form a set 31 are installed on the roof 2 adjacent to each other in the direction of parallel installation of the roof panels 21, so that they are as close to each other as possible. Alternatively, two series-connected roof panels 22 installed adjacent to each other on the roof 2 are used to form a set 31. In this embodiment, the six series-connected roof panels 22 form three sets 31, with each set 31 being arranged adjacent to the others.

[0050] The differential aggregation roof panel 23 is installed at a position 32 that is not sandwiched between two series-connected roof panels 22 that form a set 31. As described above, there are multiple positions 32 that are not sandwiched between two series-connected roof panels 22, such as between sets 31 or at the very edge of the roof 2. It is preferable that the differential aggregation roof panel 23 is installed as close as possible to the series-connected roof panel 22 that has a differential solar panel 3 corresponding to (or belonging to the same series wiring system as) the solar panel 3, but it may be installed at a distance. When multiple differential aggregation roof panels 23 are used, it is preferable that each differential aggregation roof panel 23 be installed separately at a distance from each other so that it is closer to the corresponding series-connected roof panel 22 at a position 32.

[0051] Then, the solar panels 3 installed on the two series-connected roof panels 22 forming the set 31 are connected in parallel to each other, along with the corresponding differential solar panels 3 on the differential aggregation roof panel 23, as will be described later.

[0052] In other words, the pairs 31 of series-connected roof panels 22 that constitute wiring systems (a) and (b) are connected in parallel. The pairs 31 of series-connected roof panels 22 that constitute wiring systems (c) and (d) are connected in parallel. The pairs 31 of series-connected roof panels 22 that constitute wiring systems (e) and (f) are connected in parallel.

[0053] (1-3) Two series-connected roof panels 22 forming a set 31 (for example, constituting wiring systems (e) and (f)) may be configured such that one of the series-connected roof panels 22 (for example, the wiring system (e) side) connects the overall positive terminal 41 of the series-connected solar panels 3 to an external positive wiring 42. Alternatively, the other series-connected roof panel 22 (for example, the wiring system (f) side) may be configured such that the overall negative terminal 43 of the series-connected solar panels 3 is connected to an external negative wiring 44. And, of the differential solar panels 3 installed on the differential aggregation roof panel 23, The solar panel 3 installed on one of the series-connected roof panels 22 and the additional solar panel 3 connected in series may have their negative terminal 45 connected to the negative wiring 44, and their positive terminal 46 connected (by wiring 47) to the overall negative terminal 43 of the solar panel 3 on the one of the series-connected roof panels 22. The difference solar panel 3 that is connected in series with the solar panel 3 installed on the other series-connected roof panel 22 may be configured such that its positive terminal 46 is connected to the positive wiring 42, and its negative terminal 45 is connected (by wiring 48) to the overall positive terminal 41 of the solar panel 3 on the other series-connected roof panel 22.

[0054] Note that, for the sake of the drawing, the rightmost wiring systems (e) and (f) are shown with their reference numerals, but the wiring systems (a) and (d), which have their reference numerals omitted, are the same as wiring systems (e) and (f). The following explanation will mainly focus on wiring systems (e) and (f).

[0055] Here, the overall positive terminal 41 is the positive terminal located at the very end when all the solar panels 3 installed on each series-connected roof panel 22 are connected in series (forming the main parts of the wiring systems (a) to (f)). It is preferable to pre-install the overall positive terminal 41 on one side of the series-connected roof panel 22 (for example, the upstream side of the roof 2).

[0056] The external positive wiring 42 is the positive wiring portion that is provided on the outside of the series-connected roof panels 22 and connects the power equipment (such as a power conditioner) inside the building 1 to the solar panels 3 of the series-connected roof panels 22. The number of external positive wirings 42 is equal to the number of sets 31 of series-connected roof panels 22. In this embodiment, three external positive wirings 42 are provided, X, Y, and Z. The external positive wiring 42 is installed at the construction site.

[0057] The overall negative terminal 43 is the negative terminal located at the very end when all the solar panels 3 installed on each series-connected roof panel 22 are connected in series (forming the main parts of the wiring systems (a) to (f)). It is preferable to pre-install the overall negative terminal 43 on one side of the series-connected roof panel 22 (for example, the upstream side of the roof 2).

[0058] The external negative wiring 44 is the positive wiring portion that is provided on the outside of the series-connected roof panels 22 and connects the power equipment (such as a power conditioner) inside the building 1 to the solar panels 3 of the series-connected roof panels 22. The number of external negative wirings 44 is equal to the number of sets 31 of series-connected roof panels 22. In this embodiment, three external negative wirings 44 are provided, X, Y, and Z. The external negative wiring 44 is installed at the construction site.

[0059] The external positive wiring 42 and the external negative wiring 44 are provided in pairs. The solar panels 3 of the two series-connected roof panels 22 forming a pair 31, and the corresponding differential solar panels 3 installed on the differential aggregation roof panel 23 are connected between the external positive wiring 42 and the external negative wiring 44 as described above. As a result, these wiring systems (a)(b), wiring systems (c)(d), and wiring systems (e)(f) are connected in parallel to each other.

[0060] Then, the external positive wiring 42 and external negative wiring 44 are provided in the same number as the number of series-connected roof panels 22 sets 31, and these are connected in parallel to each other. In this embodiment, three external positive wiring 42 and three external negative wiring 44 for each of the X, Y, and Z directions are connected in parallel to each other. As a result, all wiring systems (a) to (f) are connected in parallel to each other.

[0061] The negative terminal 45 is a negative terminal provided for each differential solar panel 3 (system) installed in separate systems on the differential aggregation roof panel 23. It is preferable to pre-install the negative terminal of the differential solar panel 3 on one side of the differential aggregation roof panel 23 (for example, the upstream side of the roof 2).

[0062] The positive terminal 46 is a positive terminal provided for each differential solar panel 3 (system) installed in separate systems on the differential aggregation roof panel 23. It is preferable that the positive terminal of the differential solar panel 3 be pre-installed on one side of the differential aggregation roof panel 23 (for example, the upstream side of the roof 2). The negative terminal 45 and positive terminal 46 of the differential aggregation roof panel 23 are used to connect in series to the same system of the same set 31, and also to connect in parallel to other systems. This connection is made, for example, at a construction site.

[0063] In this way, on one side (for example, the upstream side of roof 2) of the series connection roof panel 22 and the differential aggregation roof panel 23, the overall positive terminal 41 and overall negative terminal 43 of the series connection roof panel 22, and the system-specific negative terminals 45 and positive terminals 46 of the differential aggregation roof panel 23 are all gathered and installed. As a result, the external positive wiring 42, external negative wiring 44, and wiring 47, 48 are also provided on only one side of the roof panel 21, so the wiring length is shortened, the number of wires is reduced, and the wiring work becomes simpler.

[0064] Furthermore, one side of the series-connected roof panel 22 and the differential aggregation roof panel 23 may, for example, be the downstream side of the roof 2.

[0065] (1-4) As shown in Figure 2, the roof panel 21 may be formed by attaching a roof surface material 52 between a pair of parallel roof frames 51 on the left and right sides. Multiple solar panels 3 (shown as two in the diagram, but not limited to two) can be arranged in a straight line on the upper surface of the roof panel 52 to form a roof power generation module 53 in which the roof panel 21 and the solar panels 3 are integrated.

[0066] Here, the roof frame 51 is made of metal horizontal members. The left and right pair of roof frames 51 are formed to be approximately the same length and almost horizontal. In this embodiment, the pair of roof frames 51 are beam-like members with a roughly C-shaped cross section, having a web portion 51a and upper and lower flange portions 51b, 51c, and arranged facing inward from each other.

[0067] The roofing material 52 is made of metal roofing material that has been treated to prevent rust. In this embodiment, the roofing material 52 can be formed by bending a thin sheet of material. This results in a roofing material 52 that integrally has a flat surface 52a located in the center, left and right rising parts 52b that rise upward (almost directly upward) from both sides of the flat surface 52a, and a nearly horizontal side surface 52c that extends outward (to the opposite side from the flat surface 52a) from the upper ends of the left and right rising parts 52b.

[0068] The flat surface 52a is approximately rectangular in plan view, with a width dimension approximately equal to the spacing between the inner sides of the roof frame 51 and a length dimension approximately equal to the roof frame 51. The upper surface of this flat surface 52a is approximately the upper surface of the roof panel 21.

[0069] The rising section 52b has a length dimension approximately equal to that of the roof frame 51, and within the height range of the web section 51a of the roof frame 51, it is approximately trapezoidal in side view, with one side higher and the other lower. Due to this approximately trapezoidal rising section 52b in side view, the flat surface 52a has a slight downward slope from one side to the other. In addition, at least one side of the flat surface 52a may be provided with another rising section 52d, which is connected to the left and right rising sections 52b. In this case, one side and the other side are either the ends of the roof frame 51 in the longitudinal direction, with one side being the upstream side of the roof 2 and the other side being the downstream side of the roof 2.

[0070] The side surface portion 52c has a width dimension approximately equal to that of the upper flange portion 51b of the roof frame 51 and a length dimension approximately equal to that of the roof frame 51. It is placed in contact with the upper flange portion 51b of the roof frame 51 and is fixed from above by fasteners such as bolts.

[0071] A roof panel 21 is formed by installing a roofing material 52 between a pair of roof frames 51 and integrating them.

[0072] In this case, guide members 54 are installed inside each roof frame 51 so as to create a downward slope from one side to the other. A baseboard 55 (roof decking) is laid between the guide members 54, inclined downward from one side to the other. The guide members 54 and the baseboard 55 may then form a guide section 56 for the roof surface material 52. The pair of roof frames 51 can maintain their distance from each other by the baseboard 55. The roof surface material 52 is placed in contact with the baseboard 55 with an inclined flat surface 52a covering the baseboard 55. The flat surface 52a is reinforced from below by the baseboard 55.

[0073] As described above, the solar panel 3 is a module that is roughly rectangular in plan view, and is fixed to the roof panel 52 by mounting brackets 57 and 58 provided on both the left and right sides, and integrated with the roof panel 21. Mounting brackets 57 and 58 are provided one or multiple (for example, two on each side) on one side of the solar panel 3, spaced apart from each other. The solar panel 3 is installed so as to float above the flat surface 52a of the roof panel 52 by the mounting brackets 57 and 58, so as not to be in direct contact with the flat surface 52a of the roof panel 52, and a gap is formed between the solar panel and the flat surface 52a.

[0074] In this case, the multiple mounting brackets 57 and 58 may be arranged so that those located on one side of the roof 2 or roof panel 21 (mounting bracket 57) are slightly higher (or longer vertically) than those located on the other side of the roof 2 or roof panel 21 (mounting bracket 58). As a result, each solar panel 3 is installed on the roof panel 21 with a downward slope from one side to the other. Multiple solar panels 3 are then installed on the roof 2 or roof panel 21, each with its own individual inclination.

[0075] The roof-mounted power generation module 53 is a (unit) power generation device that integrates a roof panel 21 with multiple solar panels 3 so that they can be installed simultaneously on a roof 2. Multiple solar panels 3 are arranged and fixed to the roof panel 21 at the factory, and the solar panels 3 installed on the roof panel 21 are connected as appropriate to form either a series-connected roof panel 22 or a differential-aggregated roof panel 23. This is how the roof-mounted power generation module 53 is manufactured as a product. This provides building materials that make it possible to easily construct a roof structure with solar panels. Then, by simply arranging and installing the roof-mounted power generation modules 53 on the building body 9, it becomes possible to easily construct a roof 2 with a roof structure that has solar panels.

[0076] <Effect> The effect of this embodiment will be described below.

[0077] At the construction site, the building body 9 is placed on the ground, and the roof 2 is attached on top of the building body 9 to construct the building 1. In this case, by constructing the roof 2 with panels (roof panels 21), the roof 2 can be constructed simply by arranging and attaching the roof panels 21 on top of the building body 9. Furthermore, by using roof power generation modules 53 for the roof panels 21, a roof 2 with a solar panel installation structure can be easily obtained by arranging and attaching the roof power generation modules 53 on top of the building body 9.

[0078] The roof-mounted power generation module 53 is formed by manufacturing a roof panel 21 in a factory, arranging and fixing multiple solar panels 3 to this roof panel 21, and appropriately connecting the solar panels 3 installed on the roof panel 21. At least two types of roof panels 22 (which will become the roof-mounted power generation module 53) need to be manufactured: a series connection roof panel 22 and a differential aggregation roof panel 23. By manufacturing the roof-mounted power generation module 53 in a factory, a high-quality and reliable (unit) power generation device or building material can be produced. If connections between solar panels 3 are required for grid separation for the solar panels 3 of the differential aggregation roof panel 23, these connections for grid separation may be made in advance at the factory or at the construction site.

[0079] Then, at the construction site, after the roof power generation module 53 is installed on top of the building body 9, the wiring work is completed simply by connecting the solar panels 3 that make up the roof power generation module 53 with the power equipment (such as a power conditioner) installed inside the building 1 using external wiring (positive wiring 42, negative wiring 44, and wiring 47, 48). If the building 1 is a modular building, it is possible to complete the installation of the roof panels 21, from the installation of the building body 9 on the site, in a single day. In this case, the installation of the roof panels 21 is the last step, so it is likely to be done late in the evening. Therefore, the wiring work for the solar panels 3 may involve working at heights in the dark, so it is desirable to have a structure that allows the work to be completed as quickly, accurately, and efficiently as possible. According to this embodiment, the roof panels 21 that will become the roof power generation module 53 are of two types: series-connected roof panels 22 and differential aggregation roof panels 23. These are installed in a combination that simplifies the wiring system, and after installation, it is only necessary to connect the external positive wiring 42 and negative wiring 44, thus fully satisfying these requirements.

[0080] <Effects>According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

[0081] (Effect 1-1) When the number of series connections of solar panels 3 is greater than the number of solar panels 3 installed on the roof panel 21, The roof 2 may be composed of two types of roof panels 21: a series connection roof panel 22 in which all the solar panels 3 installed on the upper surface are connected in series, and a difference aggregation roof panel 23 in which the difference between the number of series connections and the number of installed solar panels 3 are collected and installed.

[0082] This reduces the number of roof panel types 21 that make up roof 2 to just two types: series-connected roof panels 22 and differential-aggregated roof panels 23. Therefore, the number of roof panel types (series-connected roof panels 22 and differential-aggregated roof panels 23) manufactured in the factory is reduced, manufacturing is simplified, productivity of roof panels 21 is improved, and costs are lowered.

[0083] In this configuration, the series-connection roof panel 22 simply connects all the installed solar panels 3 in series. The differential aggregation roof panel 23 simply separates and consolidates the internal wiring structure for each system of differential solar panels 3. As a result, the wiring structure of the solar panels 3 within the roof panel 21 is simplified and minimized, allowing the wiring work to be done in advance at the factory. Consequently, it becomes possible to eliminate the need for wiring work for the solar panels 3 within the roof panel 21 at the construction site.

[0084] Then, the solar panels 3 of the series-connection roof panel 22 and the difference solar panels 3 of the difference-aggregation roof panel 23 are used in combination. This makes it easy to form combinations of solar panels 3 for each number of series connections, and to form a wiring system that connects each of these combinations of solar panels 3 in series. The roof panels 15 are also arranged in an orderly manner to form the roof 2. Therefore, even if the number of series connections of solar panels 3 is greater than the number of solar panels 3 installed on the roof panel 21, the variations in how the wiring system for the solar panels 3 on the roof 2 as a whole is constructed can be reduced. In other words, using two types of roof panels 15, the series-connection roof panel 22 and the difference-aggregation roof panel 23, is effective in reducing the variations in the wiring system.

[0085] (Effect 1-2) The series-connected roof panels 22 may be arranged in pairs (adjacent to each other in the direction of parallel installation of the roof panels 21). Furthermore, the differential aggregation roof panel 23 may be installed between sets 31 of the series-connected roof panels 22, or at the outermost position 32.

[0086] This allows the series-connected roof panels 22 to be grouped together in sets 31 and arranged in an easy-to-understand manner. In addition, the differential aggregation roof panels 23 can be arranged so as not to interfere with the sets 31 of the series-connected roof panels 22. Furthermore, even if the series-connected roof panels 22 and the differential aggregation roof panels 23 are arranged separately, the correspondence between the solar panels 3 of the series-connected roof panels 22 and the differential solar panels 3 of the differential aggregation roof panels 23 can be easily understood.

[0087] These features simplify and facilitate the arrangement of the series-connected roof panels 22 and the differential-aggregated roof panels 23 on the roof 2. Furthermore, at the construction site, the series-connected roof panels 22 and the differential-aggregated roof panels 23 can be easily installed on the building body 9 to form the roof 2.

[0088] (Effect 1-3) The two series-connected roof panels 22 forming the set 31 may be configured such that one panel has the overall positive terminal 41 of the series-connected solar panels 3 connected to an external positive wiring 42, and the other panel has the overall negative terminal 43 of the series-connected solar panels 3 connected to an external negative wiring 44. And, of the differential solar panels 3 installed on the differential aggregation roof panel 23, The solar panel 3 installed on one of the series-connected roof panels 22 and the additional solar panel 3 connected in series may have their negative terminal 45 connected to the negative wiring 44, and their positive terminal 46 connected to the overall negative terminal 43 of the solar panel 3 on the one of the series-connected roof panels 22. Alternatively, the difference solar panel 3 that is connected in series with the solar panel 3 installed on the other series-connected roof panel 22 may have its positive terminal 46 connected to the positive wiring 42, and its negative terminal 45 connected to the overall positive terminal 41 of the solar panel 3 on the other series-connected roof panel 22.

[0089] This allows the two external wires (positive wire 42 and negative wire 44) to connect the solar panels 3 of the series-connected roof panels 22 and the corresponding differential solar panels 3 of the differential aggregation roof panel 23 in series, as well as to connect the series-connected roof panels 22 and the other series-connected roof panels 22 in parallel. Therefore, the amount of external wiring (external positive wire 42, external negative wire 44, and wires 47, 48) for each wiring system, which has minimal variations, can be minimized. In addition, regardless of the positional relationship between the solar panels 3 of the series-connected roof panels 22 and the corresponding differential solar panels 3 of the differential aggregation roof panel 23 (whether close or far), the external wiring (positive wire 42 and negative wire 44) can be connected in almost the same way. Therefore, it is possible to improve workability at construction sites and prevent wiring errors.

[0090] (Effect 1-4) The roof panel 21 may also be formed by attaching a roof surface material 52 between a pair of parallel roof frames 51 on the left and right sides. Multiple solar panels 3 can be arranged in a straight line on the upper surface of the roof panel 52 to form a roof power generation module 53 in which the roof panel 21 and the solar panels 3 are integrated.

[0091] This makes it possible to manufacture and commercialize a high-quality, aesthetically pleasing roof power generation module 53 in a factory, in which the roof panel 21 and multiple solar panels 3 are integrated. The roof power generation module 53 can be manufactured relatively easily by attaching a roof surface material 52 between a pair of parallel roof frames 51 to form the roof panel 21, and then arranging multiple solar panels 3 in a straight line on the upper surface of the roof surface material 52.

[0092] Furthermore, by simply arranging and installing this roof power generation module 53 directly on top of the building body 9 at the construction site, a roof 2 with solar panels 3 installed over almost its entire surface (having a roof structure for solar panel installation) can be easily formed. Therefore, it is easy to install and use, without the considerable effort required to construct the roof 2 on top of the building body 9 at the construction site and then attach the solar panels 3 one by one to the roof 2. Furthermore, by using the roof panel 21 which is this roof power generation module 53, it becomes possible to construct a roof 2 with integrated solar panels 3 in a short time. This roof power generation module 53 can be used as a series connection roof panel 22 or a differential aggregation roof panel 23, for example, by changing the internal wiring structure (how the solar panels 3 are connected). It can also be used as in the following embodiment. [Examples]

[0093] <Configuration>The configuration of this embodiment will be described below. Figure 6 shows the configuration of this embodiment.

[0094] (2-1) When the number of series connections of solar panels 3 is greater than the number of solar panels 3 installed on the roof panel 21, Roof 2 is, A series connection roof panel 22 in which all solar panels 3 installed on the top surface are connected in series, The roof is composed of two types of roof panels 21: a hybrid roof panel 61 having the difference between the number of series-connected solar panels 3 and the number of panels installed, and a hybrid roof panel 61 having the surplus solar panels 3.

[0095] Here, the series-connected roof panels 22 and the differential solar panels 3 are the same as in Example 1.

[0096] The surplus solar panels 3 are the remaining solar panels 3 in the mixed-type roof panel 61 after deducting the difference in solar panels 3.

[0097] The mixed-type roof panel 61 is a roof panel 21 equipped with the difference solar panels 3 and the remaining surplus solar panels 3. The mixed-type roof panel 61 has the same basic structure as the series-connected roof panel 22, differing only in the way the solar panels 3 are connected. For example, by connecting the solar panels 3 installed on the roof panel 21 in series from one end to the other according to the difference, and connecting the surplus solar panels 3 separately in series, the roof panel 21 (roof power generation module 53) becomes a mixed-type roof panel 61. As a result, within the mixed-type roof panel 61, the difference solar panels 3 and the surplus solar panels 3 are positioned separately. In this embodiment, the difference solar panels 3 are located on the upstream side, and the surplus solar panels 3 are located on the downstream side. It is preferable that the difference solar panels 3 and the remaining solar panels 3 are pre-connected in series at the factory.

[0098] (2-2) Alternatively, a panel group 62 may be formed using four roof panels 21 by placing two mixed-type roof panels 61 between two series-connected roof panels 22. In the same panel group 62, each series-connected roof panel 22 may be connected in parallel to each other, with the difference in solar panels 3 of the adjacent mixed-type roof panel 61 connected in series. Adjacent mixed-type roof panels 61 may be connected in series with the surplus solar panels 3 of another adjacent panel group 62, allowing them to be connected in parallel.

[0099] Here, the panel group 62 is a unit for installing roof panels 21, consisting of four roof panels 21 of two types: two series-connected roof panels 22 and two mixed-type roof panels 61.

[0100] Two series-connected roof panels 22 that constitute the same panel group 62 are connected to either the external positive wiring 42 or the external negative wiring 44.

[0101] It is preferable that the series-connected roof panel 22 and the solar panel 3, which is the difference between the series-connected roof panel 61 and the mixed-type roof panel 61, be configured so that they can be directly connected in series when the series-connected roof panel 22 and the mixed-type roof panel 61 are installed side by side on the building body 9.

[0102] When the mixed-type roof panels 61 are installed side by side on the building body 9, it is preferable that the difference in solar panels 3 be directly connected in parallel. It is also preferable that the surplus solar panels 3 be directly connected in series. The above methods of series or parallel connection can be the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0103] An adjacent panel group 62 refers to an arrangement of four other roof panels 21 positioned next to one panel group 62. These four other roof panels 21 are also configured such that two mixed-type roof panels 61 are sandwiched between two series-connected roof panels 22.

[0104] The difference in solar panels 3 between the mixed-type roof panels 61 belonging to adjacent panel groups 62 are connected to the external positive wiring 42 and the external negative wiring 44, respectively.

[0105] The structure of the roof panel 21 can be the same as in Example 1.

[0106] <Effect> The effect of this embodiment will be described below.

[0107] The construction of the roof 2 by arranging roof panels 21 on top of the building body 9 is the same as in the above embodiment 1.

[0108] In this embodiment, there are 5 solar panels 3 installed on the roof panel 21. The number of panels connected in series is 7. The difference in solar panels 3 is 2. In this case, if we proceed as in Embodiment 1, the number of solar panels 3 will not match properly.

[0109] Therefore, a series connection roof panel 22 and a mixed-type roof panel 61 are provided. Then, the difference in the number of solar panels 3 between the series connection roof panel 22 and the mixed-type roof panel 61 forms a single series wiring system that satisfies the number of series connections.

[0110] Then, by doubling the above configuration and placing two hybrid roof panels 61 between two series-connected roof panels 22, a group of four roof panels 21 is formed into one panel group 62. Within this same panel group 62, a set of wiring systems 31 that meet the number of series connections is formed and connected in parallel. This enables efficient connection.

[0111] Specifically, two wiring systems (g) and (h) that satisfy the number of series connections are formed in one panel group 62. Two wiring systems (j) and (k) that satisfy the number of series connections are also formed in an adjacent panel group 62. Wiring systems (g) and (h) are configured to be connected in parallel as a pair 31. Wiring systems (j) and (k) are also configured to be connected in parallel as a pair 31. Wiring systems (g) and (j) are connected to the external negative wiring 44, respectively, and wiring systems (h) and (k) are connected to the external positive wiring 42, respectively.

[0112] Then, the surplus solar panels 3 from two adjacent mixed-type roof panels 61 within the same panel group 62 are combined into a single series wiring system. Furthermore, the surplus solar panels 3 from two adjacent mixed-type roof panels 61 in adjacent panel groups 62 are similarly combined into a single series wiring system. Finally, a set of wiring systems 31 is formed using the surplus solar panels 3 from mutually adjacent panel groups 62 that are connected in parallel.

[0113] Specifically, the surplus solar panels 3 are used to form a series wiring system (i) to one panel group 62, and a series wiring system (l) to an adjacent panel group 62. The number of solar panels 3 connected in series in wiring systems (i) and (l) is 6. Then, wiring systems (i) and (l) are configured to be connected in parallel as a set 31. Furthermore, wiring system (i) is connected to the external negative wiring 44, and wiring system (l) is connected to the external positive wiring 42. In this way, sets 31 are created between adjacent panel groups 62, with the surplus solar panels 3 neatly grouped together so that the number of panels connected in series is the same, thus enabling effective use of the surplus solar panels 3.

[0114] If four panels are used as the unit for a panel group 62, the number of roof panels 21 installed on the building body 9 may not be divisible by four. In this case, a separate wiring system can be constructed using the remaining roof panels 21 that were not divided evenly.

[0115] <Effects>According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

[0116] (Effect 2-1) Two types of roof panels 21 are provided: a series-connection roof panel 22 in which all solar panels 3 installed on the upper surface are connected in series, and a mixed-type roof panel 61 which has the difference between the number of series connections and the number of installed solar panels 3, as well as surplus solar panels 3. This makes it possible to construct a roof 2 with solar panels 3 installed using only the series-connection roof panel 22 and the mixed-type roof panel 61. Thus, it is possible to improve the productivity of the roof panels 21 and reduce costs. For the series-connection roof panel 22 and the difference in solar panels 3, the effect of reducing variations in the wiring system can be obtained, similar to Example 1. For the mixed-type roof panel 61, the surplus solar panels 3 can be used together or separately depending on the situation.

[0117] (Effect 2-2) Two mixed-type roof panels 61 may be placed between two series-connected roof panels 22 to form a panel group 62 with four roof panels 21. This allows the four roof panels 21 to be placed together as a single unit on the building body 9 in an easily understandable manner. Thus, the arrangement of the series-connected roof panels 22 and mixed-type roof panels 61 on the roof 2 can be simplified and installed easily.

[0118] In the same panel group 62, each series-connected roof panel 22 may be connected in parallel to the adjacent mixed-type roof panel 61, with the difference in solar panels 3 between each panel connected in series. This allows the number of series connections to be met by the series-connected roof panel 22 and the difference in solar panels 3 between the adjacent mixed-type roof panel 61. Furthermore, two series-connected roof panels 22 and the difference in solar panels 3 between two mixed-type roof panels 61 can be used to create a set 31 of parallel-connected solar panels 3 within the panel group 62. Thus, the method of constructing and connecting the wiring system can be simplified.

[0119] Adjacent mixed-type roof panels 61 of the same panel group 62 may be connected in series with the surplus solar panels 3 of another adjacent panel group 62, allowing them to be connected in parallel. This allows the surplus solar panels 3 to be efficiently grouped together and directly connected in series within the panel group 62. It also makes it possible to create sets 31 of solar panels 3 that are connected in parallel with the surplus solar panels 3 of adjacent panel groups 62. Thus, it becomes possible to efficiently utilize the surplus solar panels 3.

[0120] Furthermore, the configuration other than that described above is the same as in Example 1, and the same action and effect as in Example 1 can be obtained. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0121] 2. Roof 3. Solar panels 21 Roof Panels 22 Roof panels for series connection 23. Roof panels for differential aggregation 31 pairs 41 Overall positive terminal 42 Positive Wiring 43 Overall negative terminal 44 Negative wiring 45 Negative terminal 46 Positive terminal 51 Roof frame 52 Roofing materials 53 Rooftop power generation modules 61 Mixed-type roof panels 62 panel group

Claims

1. A solar panel installation roof structure having multiple long, narrow roof panels, each with multiple solar panels installed in a row on its upper surface, arranged in parallel, When the number of series connections of the solar panels is greater than the number of solar panels installed on the roof panel, The aforementioned roof is A series connection roof panel in which all of the aforementioned solar panels installed on the top surface are connected in series, It is composed of two types of roof panels: a differential aggregation roof panel which is formed by gathering and installing multiple solar panels equal to the difference between the number of series connections and the number of installed panels, The aforementioned series connection roof panels are provided in quantities equal to the number of series wiring systems. The solar panel installation roof structure is characterized in that the differential aggregation roof panels are provided in a number that can obtain the difference in sunlight for each of the wiring systems.

2. A solar panel installation roof structure according to claim 1, The aforementioned series-connected roof panels are arranged in pairs adjacent to each other. The solar panel installation roof structure is characterized in that the differential aggregation roof panel is installed between sets of series-connected roof panels, or at the outermost position.

3. A solar panel installation roof structure according to claim 2, The two series-connected roof panels forming the pair are, One side has the overall positive terminal of the series-connected solar panels connected to an external positive wire, and the other side has the overall negative terminal of the series-connected solar panels connected to an external negative wire. Of the differential solar panels installed on the differential aggregation roof panel, The solar panel installed on one of the series-connected roof panels and the difference solar panel connected in series have their negative terminals connected to the negative wiring and their positive terminals connected to the overall negative terminals of the solar panels on one of the series-connected roof panels. A roof structure for installing solar panels, characterized in that the difference solar panel, which is connected in series with the solar panel installed on the other series-connected roof panel, has its positive terminal connected to the positive wiring and its negative terminal connected to the overall positive terminal of the solar panel on the other series-connected roof panel.

4. A solar panel installation roof structure having multiple long, narrow roof panels, each with multiple solar panels installed in a row on its upper surface, arranged in parallel, When the number of series connections of the solar panels is greater than the number of solar panels installed on the roof panel, The aforementioned roof is A series connection roof panel in which all of the aforementioned solar panels installed on the top surface are connected in series, It is composed of two types of roof panels: a hybrid roof panel having the difference between the number of series connections and the number of installed solar panels, and a surplus of solar panels. A solar panel installation roof structure characterized in that all of the aforementioned mixed-type roof panels have the difference in solar panels installed on the same side and the surplus solar panels installed on the opposite side.

5. A solar panel installation roof structure according to claim 4, By arranging two of the mixed-type roof panels between two of the series-connected roof panels, a panel group is formed with four of the roof panels. In the same group of panels, each series-connected roof panel connects the difference in solar panels of adjacent mixed-type roof panels in series to form two wiring systems, and these two wiring systems are connected in parallel. A solar panel installation roof structure characterized in that adjacent mixed-type roof panels are connected in series to form a separate wiring system from the two wiring systems, and are also connectable in parallel to another wiring system made up of surplus solar panels from another adjacent group of panels.

6. A solar panel installation roof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, The aforementioned roof panel is formed by attaching roofing material between a pair of parallel roof frames on the left and right. A roof structure for installing solar panels, characterized in that a plurality of the solar panels are installed in a straight line on the upper surface of the roof surface material, thereby forming a roof power generation module in which the roof panel and the solar panels are integrated.

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