Water-soluble compositions containing water-soluble glycerin-based polyalkylene glycols and the use of said compositions

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to water-soluble compositions comprising a water-soluble glycerin-based polyalkylene glycol as a synthetic base oil, and the use of such compositions and glycerin-based polyalkylene glycols as or in metalworking fluids, wherein the glycerin is alkoxylated sequentially, first with propylene oxide, then with ethylene oxide, and finally with propylene oxide.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] [Field of this disclosure] This disclosure relates to a water-soluble composition comprising a water-soluble glycerin-based triblock polyalkylene glycol, and the use of said composition as a metalworking fluid, wherein the glycerin is first alkoxylated with propylene oxide, then alkoxylated with ethylene oxide, and finally alkoxylated with propylene oxide. [Background technology]

[0002] [Background and Prior Art Description of this Disclosure] Base oils are generally produced by refining crude oil through distillation. Light oils are used as fuels, while heavy oils are suitable as base oils. Hydrogenation is used to remove sulfur and aromatic compounds using hydrogen under high pressure to obtain refined base oils, and is desired when the required quality is particularly stringent. Depending on their properties and refining methods, base oils can be classified into five groups according to the American Petroleum Institute (API).

[0003] Synthetic base oils are classified as Group III or Group IV and consist of oil components that are synthetically produced, often through the reaction of clearly defined petroleum-based chemical compounds, rather than being refined from existing unrefined petroleum or vegetable oils. The synthesis process allows for precise control of the oil's properties. Synthetic lubricants are used as a substitute for refined petroleum oils when operating at extreme temperatures or over wide temperature ranges. For example, aircraft jet engines require the use of synthetic base oils, while aircraft piston engines do not. Synthetic base oils are also used in metalworking, offering environmental and other benefits compared to conventional petroleum-based and animal fat-based products.

[0004] Group III This grade includes oil produced entirely by the hydrocracking of crude oil, and such oil is of even higher purity. The API defines Group III as having a base stock saturation of 90 percent or more, a base stock sulfur content of 0.03 percent or less, and a base stock viscosity index of 120 or more. The above group can be described as oil produced by synthetic technology or hydrocracking products of synthetic oils.

[0005] Group IV This group consists of synthetic oils produced from poly-alpha-olefins (PAO). PAO oils are stable at extreme temperatures and are equally suitable for use in extremely cold climates (such as those found in Northern Europe) and extremely hot climates (such as those found in the Middle East).

[0006] Group V Any form of base oil other than those described in the previously defined groups is defined as a Group V base oil. Group V base oils include naphthenic oils and esters in particular.

[0007] Esters are the most well-known synthetic oils in Group V. Esters are obtained by reacting selectively substituted carboxylic acids with alcohols or hydroxyl compounds such as phenols.

[0008] Another important type of Group V oil is polyalkylene glycol (PAG). The terms polyalkylene glycol and polyglycol are used interchangeably. The base oil of polyalkylene glycol is formed by reacting water or alcohol with one or more alkylene oxides, where propylene oxide provides water insolubility and ethylene oxide provides water solubility.

[0009] Industrial ethoxylation is primarily carried out with fatty alcohols to produce fatty alcohol ethoxylates (FAEs), which are common forms of nonionic surfactants (e.g., octaethylene glycol monododecyl ethers). Fatty alcohols can be obtained by hydrogenation of fatty acids from seed oils or by hydroformylation in the Shell higher olefin process. This reaction is carried out, for example, by blowing ethylene oxide through the alcohol at a high temperature, such as 180°C, and generally under a pressure of 1-2 bar, using a catalyst such as potassium hydroxide (KOH).

[0010] The starting material is usually a primary alcohol, as it reacts approximately 10 to 30 times faster than a secondary alcohol. Generally, 5 to 10 units of ethylene oxide are added to each alcohol molecule, but the ethoxylated alcohol tends to be more readily ethoxylated than the starting alcohol, making reaction control difficult and resulting in a product with a broad distribution of alkoxylation degrees. Better control can be established by using more sophisticated catalysts, which can be used to produce ethoxylates within a narrow range.

[0011] Ethoxylation can be combined with propoxylation, and the reaction is similar to ethoxylation using propylene oxide as the monomer. Both reactions are usually carried out in the same reactor and can be carried out simultaneously to obtain disordered polymers, or alternately or sequentially to obtain block copolymers. Propylene oxide is more hydrophobic than ethylene oxide, and even low concentrations of propylene oxide can significantly affect the properties of surfactants. Specifically, ethoxylated fatty alcohols alkoxylated with one or more propylene oxide units are commercially available on a large scale as antifoaming agents.

[0012] The mixing ratio of ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO), and the type of oxygen bonded in the chemical structure, significantly affect the properties of polyglycol. In transmissions, polyglycols with an EO / PO ratio of 50:50 to 60:40 are commonly used. Compositions of this type of polyglycol are generally referred to as water-soluble polyglycols.

[0013] Water-soluble polyglycols currently account for approximately 24% of the synthetic lubricant market, while synthetic lubricants as a whole represent 4% of the overall lubricant market. Water solubility is a characteristic of PAGs and is not commonly offered by other synthetic lubricants such as polyalphaolefins (PAOs).

[0014] PAG is used in numerous lubrication applications, including metalworking fluids, gear oils, chain oils, and food-grade lubricants, and as a lubricant in HFC-type hydraulic and gas compressor equipment. Metalworking fluids are used in processes with high shear rates, such as cutting, grinding, and punching of metal pieces. The above further includes, for example, the cutting of silicon wafers.

[0015] By increasing the shear rate and / or using water, the metalworking fluid needs to have high lubricity and low foaming properties, and it is necessary to have good cooling (rapid cooling) and rinsing performance during the metalworking process.

[0016] In the above-described context, rapid cooling refers to the rapid cooling of a workpiece in an oil composition containing a base oil. Since water is often not required in gear oils, chain oils, and / or hydraulic fluids, water-insoluble PAGs can be used. Foaming is not a significant concern.

[0017] Nonionic surfactants based on ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymers obtained by reacting EO and PO with water are sold, for example, by BASF under the names PLURONIC® and SYNATIVE®. These are available as EO-PO-EO copolymers (PE) or PO-EO-PO copolymers (RPE). SYNATIVE® RPE 1720 and SYNATIVE® RPE 1740 are commonly used as defoamers and wetting agents in metal cleaning.

[0018] PAGs based on polyols such as glycerin are even more well known.

[0019] Patent Document 1 discloses water-soluble lubricants, metalworking fluids, and hydraulic fluids that exhibit low foaming and low resin formation under high mechanical shear. The disclosed compositions are based on a mixture of polymers consisting of starting material alcohols reacted with ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. Preferably, the polymer comprises a mixed block with a relatively larger proportion of statistically distributed ethylene oxide and propylene oxide units, followed by a relatively smaller block of pure ethylene oxide or propylene oxide units. One example is a glycerin-based polyalkylene glycol, which is first alkoxylated with a mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, and then a further block of propylene oxide is provided. Thus, a polyether is obtained having 60 wt percent ethylene oxide and 30 wt percent propylene oxide in the first block, and another 10 wt percent propylene oxide in the further block. Glycerol is also called glycerin in British English, while in American English, glycerin is a polyol compound with the simple chemical formula CH2OH-CHOH-CH2OH.

[0020] A number of prior art documents disclose mixtures in which ethylene propylene oxide and propylene oxide units are statistically distributed and added to glycerin for use as a base fluid in lubricant compositions (for example, Patent Documents 2 to 6).

[0021] Glycerin alkoxylated only with ethylene oxide is a known surfactant (Patent Document 7), but has low solubility in oil and is often used as a component in metalworking fluids.

[0022] Glycerin alkoxylated only with propylene oxide is well known as a lubricant for tires (Patent Document 8), as a component in water-soluble cutting oils (Patent Document 9), or as an antifoaming agent in lubricating oils with storage durability (Patent Document 10).

[0023] Patent Document 11 discloses glycerin alkoxylated with 0 to 4 propoxy units, then end-capped with 0 to 4 propoxy units and further alkoxylated with 6 to 22 ethoxy units as a methanol-soluble ignition promoter for methanol-based diesel fuels.

[0024] Commercially available glycerin-based PAGs are products of Sasol traded under the name GLICERODAC (registered trademark), which include ethoxylated glycerin and ethoxylated / propoxylated glycerin. Other suppliers are within the range of products of DOW Chemical's VORANOL (registered trademark), Carpenter's CARPOL (registered trademark), or Covestro's ARCOL (registered trademark) / ACCLAIM (registered trademark).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0025]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

[0026] [Purpose of this disclosure] Conventional technologies offer a wide variety of chemically distinct base oils. While testing various available base oils, including PAG, it was found that there is a need to provide a water-soluble base oil that exhibits a low tendency to foam and / or defoams quickly, has good lubricity and wetting properties, settles or settles efficiently, and is easily recyclable. [Means for solving the problem]

[0027] [Summary of this disclosure] Surprisingly, the polyalkylene glycol of formula (I) was found to simultaneously exhibit good water solubility (high cloud point), and furthermore, to have good lubricity, low foaming tendency, and good wetting properties in an aqueous environment.

[0028]

Chem.

[0029] In formula (I), independently of each other, R1 is -(C3H6O) x1 -(C2H4O) y1 -(C3H6O) z1 -H, R2 is -(C3H6O) x2 -(C2H4O) y2 -(C3H6O) z2 -H, R3 is -(C3H6O) x3 -(C2H4O) y3 -(C3H6O) z3 -H, The numbers of x1, x2, and x3 are, independently of each other, 0 to 6, The numbers of y1, y2, and y3 are, independently of each other, 0 to 40, The numbers of z1, z2, and z3 are, independently of each other, 0 to 32, The average value of x1 + x2 + x3 is 1 to 4, The average value of y1 + y2 + y3 is 2 to 30, The average value of z1 + z2 + z3 is 1 to 25.

[0030] [[ID=J]] The polyalkylene glycol of formula (I) above is part of a composition further containing water. In other words, the composition of the present application contains a water-soluble glycerin-based triblock polyalkylene glycol according to formula (I) above and water. Further, the present application is the use of such a composition as a base oil in a metalworking fluid.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, independently of each other, the values of y and z, individually or collectively, The average value of y1 + y2 + y3 is 2 to 10, The average value of z1 + z2 + z� is 1 to 20 can be further defined.

[0032] In a more preferred embodiment, the values ​​of x, y, and z are determined independently of each other, either individually or collectively. The average value of x1 + x2 + x3 is between 1.8 and 2.2. The average value of y1+y2+y3 is between 6.5 and 7.5. The average value of z1 + z2 + z3 is between 2 and 12, more preferably between 3 and 10. It can be further defined as follows.

[0033] The average values ​​mentioned above are numerical averages derived from the stoichiometry of the alkoxylation reaction, for example, by measuring the consumption of the alkylene oxide used.

[0034] Alternatively, glycerin-based polyalkylene glycols can be described by their manufacturing method. Glycerin is then alkoxylated in the following order: first with propylene oxide (PO), then with ethylene oxide (EO), and finally with propylene oxide (PO). The first step consumes 1 to 4 PO equivalents, preferably 1.8 to 2.2 PO equivalents. The second step consumes 2 to 30 EO equivalents, preferably 2 to 10 or more EO equivalents, and more preferably 6.5 to 7.5 EO equivalents. The third step consumes 1 to 25 PO equivalents, preferably 2 to 12 PO equivalents, and more preferably 3 to 10 PO equivalents. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0035] [Detailed explanation of this disclosure] Alkoxylation is preferably carried out in a stirred or loop reactor at a temperature of 120°C to 180°C and a pressure of 1 to 10 bar, in the presence of a base catalyst. After the reaction of the alkylene oxide with the starting material glycerin, the base catalyst can be neutralized with an organic acid in an equivalent molar ratio to an acid value in the range of 0 to 0.3 mg KOH / g. A suitable base catalyst is potassium hydroxide and / or potassium methylate, preferably in a catalyst dose in the range of 0.1 to 0.4 weight percent relative to the weight of the final product containing the catalyst.

[0036] Most preferably, the organic acid is one or more from glacial acetic acid and lactic acid. The final neutralized salt can be retained in the product or removed by adsorption and filtration techniques known to those skilled in the art.

[0037] Alternatively, glycerol alkoxylates can be produced by reaction with alkylene oxides on a suitable alkoxylation catalyst. Suitable catalysts are those derived from Group IA and Group IIA metals, including potassium, sodium, calcium, and magnesium, and generally the metals exist as basic salts, particularly their hydroxides.

[0038] Certain catalyst species are recognized as having the ability to produce a narrow range of alkoxylates with reduced polydispersity. The polydispersity (PDI) of alkoxylated glycerol is defined as the ratio of the weight-average molecular weight of EO to the number-average molecular weight. The use of catalysts derived from group IIA metals, particularly calcium or magnesium, is typically recognized as a narrow range of ethoxylation catalysts. In contrast, catalysts such as potassium hydroxide obtained from group IA metals are generally recognized as being able to achieve polydispersity of 1.37 or higher, providing a wide range of ethoxylated alcohols.

[0039] According to one embodiment, glycerol alkoxylate is produced by a reaction on a calcium-containing ethoxylation catalyst that provides alkoxylated glycerol with a polydispersity of 1.35 or less, preferably 1.3 or less, and even more preferably 1.25 or less. An example of a suitable calcium-containing alkoxylation catalyst is the NOVEL catalyst, which was independently developed by Sasol Corporation (USA).

[0040] While not bound by this theory, it is presumed that the blocks constituting PO directly bonded to glycerin equalize the difference in reactivity to EO between the primary alcohol group and the -OH group of the secondary alcohol group of glycerin, thus further equilibriumizing the distribution of additional EO additions.

[0041] The water-soluble polyalkylene glycols of formula (I) are, independently of each other, The characteristic of the pour point according to GB / T 3535 is that it is below -30°C. The hydroxyl value according to GB / T 7383 is 100-300 mg KOH / g, preferably 150-270 mg KOH / g. The kinematic viscosity at 25°C according to GB / T 265 is 1500 cSt or less, preferably less than 300 cSt. The kinematic viscosity at 40°C, according to GB / T 265, is less than 100 cSt. The kinematic viscosity at 100°C, according to GB / T 265, is less than 10 cSt. The water content is less than 0.5 weight percent, and Its molecular weight is 600-1200 g / mol (number average). It has one or more of the following.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the composition comprises 5 to 30 weight percent of a water-soluble polyalkylene glycol of formula (I).

[0043] The composition may further contain one or more alkanolamines, preferably in an amount of 5 to 25 weight percent of one or more alkanolamines. The alkanolamines are preferably selected from the group consisting of monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, and / or monoisopropanolamine.

[0044] The composition may contain boric acid, triazine tricarboxylic acid, and / or phosphoric acid, and any salts thereof, such as sodium salts, preferably in amounts of 0.1 to 10 weight percent.

[0045] The composition may further contain one or more carboxylic acids, which, according to one embodiment, may be 0.1 to 15 weight percent, preferably 0.5 to 10 weight percent. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the composition does not contain a carboxylic acid. The carboxylic acid may include monocarboxylic acids or dicarboxylic acids having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, such as isononanoic acid, 2-butyloctanoic acid, neodecanoic acid, and 1,12-dodecanediic acid. The acid is usually added in an amount that makes the solution clear, and the pH value of the composition is 7 to 10, preferably 8 to 10, as measured at 25°C.

[0046] The composition may further contain 0.1 to 0.5 weight percent of a sodium aminoacetate salt, such as EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) tetrasodium, and / or 0.1 to 0.5 weight percent of one or more biocides, such as BUSAN® 77 (poly[oxyethylene (dimethyliminio)-ethylene (dimethyliminio)ethylenedichloride]).

[0047] The water content used is preferably 30 to 85 percent by weight. According to one embodiment, the remaining composition is demineralized water.

[0048] Furthermore, the pH values ​​of the compositions are preferably 7 to 10 and preferably 8 to 10, respectively, at 25°C.

[0049] Preferably, the surface tension of the composition is 60 mN / m or less, and / or the contact angle of the composition on the metal surface is 90 degrees or less.

[0050] In a metalworking fluid composition containing water, the cloud point of 1 wt percent of water-soluble polyalkylene glycol of formula (I) according to GB / T 5559 is preferably above 80°C.

[0051] The height of the cloud point is related to the low amount of monobasic acid (e.g., isononanoic acid) required to solubilize the polyalkylene glycol of formula (I) in water, preferably without any carboxylic acids such as nonanoic acid acting as the acid.

[0052] Another advantage of the compositions according to this disclosure is that, in many cases, the addition of acid leads to the generation of odor and foam, particularly during extended use of metalworking fluid compositions. This can be avoided or at least minimized. It is preferable to refrain from using acids.

[0053] The composition can be used as a metalworking fluid and exhibits reduced foaming on metal surfaces, low surface tension, and a low contact angle.

[0054] Furthermore, the alkoxylated glycerin of formula (I) reduces the torque during tapping and increases the cloud point of the composition. In addition, the odor of the composition becomes more preferable because the content of the carboxylic acid used is reduced.

[0055] More preferably, the polyalkylene glycol is used to reduce the surface tension of the composition to 60 mN / m or less and / or to reduce the contact angle on the metal surface to 90° or less.

[0056] The water-soluble PAG of this disclosure can be used as a complete synthetic base oil in metalworking fluid compositions. In addition to PAG and water, the composition may contain the aforementioned acids, amines, and other additives when used as a metalworking fluid.

[0057] The metalworking fluids of this disclosure are used, for example, in processes with high shear rates, such as cutting, grinding, and punching of metal pieces. The above further includes, for example, the cutting of silicon wafers.

[0058] A further application is as a rapid cooling fluid in metalworking. In the context described above, rapid cooling refers to the rapid cooling of a workpiece in an oil composition containing PAG as a base oil according to this disclosure.

[0059] The present invention further relates to the use of the composition as a metalworking fluid, and to the use of polyalkylene glycol of formula (I) in a metalworking fluid and / or a metalworking process.

[0060] Common metal alloys used in metalworking processes to which the metalworking fluids of this disclosure are applied include aluminum alloys of types 7075, 6061, 5053, and LY12, red copper, cast iron, and iron alloys such as stainless steel.

[0061] [Measurement Techniques] The pour point is determined according to GB / T 3535 (equivalent to ASTM D 97 in China), the kinematic viscosity at various temperatures (e.g., 25, 40, and 100°C) is determined according to GB / T 265 (equivalent to ISO 3104), the cloud point of a 1 wt percent aqueous solution is determined according to GB / T 5559 (equivalent to ISO 1065), and the hydroxyl value (mg KOH / g) is determined according to GB / T 7383 (equivalent to ISO 4326).

[0062] Further properties of metalworking fluids, such as foaming properties, surface tension, contact angle on metal surfaces, sedimentation, and lubricity, can be measured according to the following methods.

[0063] The foaming properties can be tested by placing 50 ml of diluted (usually up to 3-5 weight percent) metalworking fluid into a 100 ml graduated cylinder, shaking the cylinder 100-110 times with one hand for 1 minute, measuring the volume of the formed foam in ml, and measuring the time required for the foam to completely collapse again.

[0064] Foam formation is undesirable in metalworking because it affects visibility and increases the volume of the liquid. Therefore, foam formation (measured as described above) should be 20 ml or less, and foam collapse should occur in 10 seconds or less.

[0065] A widely recognized method for determining foaming properties is the CNOMO foam test, D 65 5212, in which a diluted metalworking fluid for the experiment is added to a 2000 ml graduated cylinder up to a maximum of 1000 ml and circulated at 250 l / h ± 10 l / h for 5 hours ± 5 minutes, while the liquid temperature is maintained at 23°C ± 2°C using water circulation. Subsequently, both the volume of foam formed during the test and the volume of static foam remaining after 15 minutes (in ml) are determined, the appearance of the liquid is graded (0 (no change) to 5 (general equipment contamination)), and the flow rate (in l / h) at the end of the test is quantified.

[0066] The rating is reported using methods such as time / volume of foam / volume of foam after 15 minutes / appearance of the liquid / flow rate at the end of the test. For example, a rating of "300 / 500 / 0 / 0 / 250" indicates that after a 5-hour (300-minute) test, the volume of foam was 500 ml, there was no foam 15 minutes after the end of the test, the initial appearance remained unchanged, and the flow rate at the end of the test was 250 l / h.

[0067] The surface tension of diluted metalworking fluids can be quantified according to ASTM D 3825.

[0068] The contact angle on metal surfaces such as cast iron can be quantified according to ASTM D 5725. The surface tension is preferably less than 60 mN / m, and the contact angle on cast iron is less than 90 degrees.

[0069] Wear particles originating from metalworking should be separated from the metalworking fluid as quickly as possible, and abrasive wear particles can be effectively removed from the metalworking fluid so that it can be recycled for further use. A method for testing the relevant properties of the metalworking fluid used is to add 5 weight percent carbon powder to a specified volume of metalworking fluid or diluted metalworking fluid, stir the mixture for 5 minutes, and observe the sedimentation of the carbon powder at the bottom of a graduated cylinder over time (e.g., after 60 minutes).

[0070] The smaller the volume of the phase in the diluted fluid composition mixed with carbon powder, the better the sedimentation and the more effective the separation. This improved separation allows for more effective water recirculation in metalworking.

[0071] The lubricity of diluted metalworking fluids can be determined using, or based on, a so-called tapping torque test in accordance with ASTM D 5619 (comparison of metal removal fluids using a tapping torque tester). The torque required to form threads on a blank nut while lubricated with the oil composition is measured and compared to the torque required to form threads on a blank nut while lubricated with a reference fluid. When the same tapping operation is used, the ratio of the average torque value of the reference oil to the tested oil composition is expressed as a percentage of the fluid's efficiency. Furthermore, the average values ​​of the maximum torques can be compared.

[0072] Lower torque results in higher fluid efficiency. The reported torque values ​​must include the metal alloy used, the test speed, and the fluid concentration. [Examples]

[0073] Various polyalkylene glycols based on glycerin as an alcohol were generated (see Table 1) and compared with BASF's commercially available ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymers (SYNATIVE® RPE 1720 and RPE 1740, see Table 2).

[0074] The alkoxylation of glycerin was carried out using KOH as a catalyst, followed by propoxylation and ethoxylation where applicable, to bond the desired structural blocks to the triol. Propylene oxide and ethylene oxide were added sequentially in equal amounts (e.g., 2 molar equivalents for 2 moles of PO, and 5 molar equivalents for 5 moles of EO), but the reaction was carried out statistically, demonstrating that the degree of alkoxylation of each structural block is statistically distributed. This explains why the final number of structural blocks given for various products can simply be an average across all the molecules produced.

[0075] [Table 1]

[0076] [Table 2]

[0077] The polyalkylene glycols listed in Table 2 were used in the metalworking fluid compositions according to the formulations shown in Table 3 (all in weight percentages).

[0078] [Table 3]

[0079] The compositions according to this disclosure require only a very small amount of isononanoic acid, or no amount at all, to reduce not only foam formation but also odor formation, particularly during the processing of metalworking fluids.

[0080] The metalworking fluid had a calcium and magnesium content of 100 ppm. It was diluted to 3 weight percent in distilled water, and the properties of the mixture were determined according to the measurement techniques described above (see Table 4).

[0081] The foam formation rating according to CNOMO was identical in all cases, except for the volume of foam immediately after 5 hours of testing. Therefore, only the volume value (X) of the foam is reported in Table 4. The other values ​​were 300 / X / 0 / 0 / 125.

[0082] It can be clearly seen that the metalworking fluids according to this disclosure, produced using glycerin-based polyalkylene glycols 6, 7, and 8, exhibit significantly lower foam formation, faster foam collapse, lower tapping torque, comparable surface tension and contact angle, and lower sedimentation volume compared to commercially available EO / PO block copolymers (1740, 1720), glycerin-EO(1), glycerin-EO-PO(2, 3), glycerin-PO(4), glycerin-PO-EO(5), and glycerin-PO-EO-PO(9) outside the scope of this disclosure. The above-described properties make them suitable as highly efficient PAG compositions for metalworking applications.

[0083] When used as a metalworking fluid, the composition according to this disclosure allows for efficient sedimentation or sedimentation characteristics and can be easily recycled.

[0084] [Table 4]

[0085] Furthermore, the water-soluble polyalkylene glycols used in the compositions of this disclosure exhibit a high cloud point, a property well desired in the art of metalworking fluids. A further increase in the cloud point indicates an increase in the solubility of the base oil in alkaline metalworking fluid compositions. As described above, the content of monocarboxylic acid solubilizers can be significantly reduced, and according to preferred embodiments of this disclosure, monocarboxylic acids are not used at all in the compositions or metalworking fluids of this disclosure. The above not only reduces the foaming problem in metalworking fluid compositions related to monocarboxylic acids, but also reduces the odor problem caused by monocarboxylic acids, which is particularly important in the practical applications of metalworking fluids.

Claims

1. Water and, Equation (I): 【Chemistry 1】 One or more water-soluble polyalkylene glycols and Includes, Independent of each other, R １ is -(C ３ H ６ O)- ｘ１ -(C ２ H ４ O)- ｙ１ -(C ３ H ６ O)- ｚ１ -H, and R ２ is, -(C ３ H ６ O) ｘ２ - (C ２ H ４ O) ｙ２ - (C ３ H ６ O) ｚ２ -H, R ３ is, -(C ３ H ６ O) ｘ３ - (C ２ H ４ O) ｙ３ - (C ３ H ６ O) ｚ３ -H, The numbers x1, x2, and x3 are mutually independent and range from 0 to 6. The numbers y1, y2, and y3 are mutually independent and range from 0 to 40. The numbers z1, z2, and z3 are mutually independent and range from 0 to 32. The average value of x1 + x2 + x3 is between 1 and 4. The average value of y1 + y2 + y3 is between 2 and 30. The average value of z1 + z2 + z3 is between 1 and 25. composition.

2. Independent of each other, The average value of x1 + x2 + x3 is between 1.8 and 2.

2. The average value of y1 + y2 + y3 is between 2 and 10. The average value of z1 + z2 + z3 is between 1 and 20. The composition according to claim 1.

3. The water-soluble polyalkylene glycols of formula (I) are, independently of each other, The characteristic of the pour point according to GB / T 3535 is that it is below -30°C. The hydroxyl value according to GB / T 7383 is a characteristic of 100-300 mg KOH / g. The kinematic viscosity at 25°C, according to GB / T 265, is less than 1500 cSt. The kinematic viscosity at 40°C, according to GB / T 265, is less than 100 cSt. The kinematic viscosity at 100°C, according to GB / T 265, is less than 10 cSt. The water content is 0.5% by weight or less, and The molecular weight is 600 to 1200 g / mol (number average). Having one or more of the following The composition according to claim 1 or 2.

4. Contains 30-85% by weight of water The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The water-soluble polyalkylene glycol of formula (I) is contained in an amount of 5 to 30 weight percent. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. Further comprising 5 to 25 weight percent of one or more alkanolamines The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A compound comprising 0.5 to 10 weight percent of a carboxylic acid The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The composition does not contain a monocarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid having 6 to 16 carbon atoms. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A mixture comprising 0.1 to 0.5 weight percent of a sodium aminoacetic acid salt, or 0.1 to 0.5 weight percent of one or more biocides, or a mixture comprising both the sodium aminoacetic acid salt and one or more biocides. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The pH value of the above composition at 25°C is 7 to 10. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. The surface tension of the composition is 60 mN / m or less. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. The contact angle of the composition on the metal surface is 90 degrees or less. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12 as a metalworking fluid.

14. Equation (I): 【Chemistry 2】 The use of water-soluble polyalkylene glycol as a base oil in metalworking fluids, Independent of each other, R １ is, -(C ３ H ６ O) ｘ１ - (C ２ H ４ O) ｙ１ - (C ３ H ６ O) ｚ１ -H, R ２ is, -(C ３ H ６ O) ｘ２ - (C ２ H ４ O) ｙ２ - (C ３ H ６ O) ｚ２ -H, R ３ is, -(C ３ H ６ O) ｘ３ - (C ２ H ４ O) ｙ３ - (C ３ H ６ O) ｚ３ -H, The numbers x1, x2, and x3 are mutually independent and range from 0 to 6. The numbers y1, y2, and y3 are mutually independent and range from 0 to 40. The numbers z1, z2, and z3 are mutually independent and range from 0 to 32. The average value of x1 + x2 + x3 is between 1 and 4. The average value of y1 + y2 + y3 is between 2 and 30. The average value of z1 + z2 + z3 is between 1 and 25. use.

15. The base oil reduces the surface tension of the metalworking fluid to 60 mN / m or less, or reduces the contact angle on the metal surface to 90 degrees or less, or reduces the surface tension of the metalworking fluid to 60 mN / m or less and reduces the contact angle to 90 degrees or less. The use described in claim 14.

Images