Multi-stage fixed-point hydraulic fracturing device

Abstract

It is a multi-stage fixed-point hydraulic fracturing device. [Solution] The multi-stage fixed-point hydraulic fracturing device is related to the field of hydraulic fracturing and includes a shell (1), within which crushing mechanisms (3) and high-pressure steel pipes (5) are fixed, with each crushing mechanism (3) connected by an adjustment mechanism (4), and the high-pressure steel pipes (5) further connected to each crushing mechanism (3). When a hard rock layer appears at a certain point during the process of crushing a rock layer, the blockage of the hard rock layer can be broken through under the action of the crushing mechanism (3) and the adjustment mechanism (5), thereby effectively avoiding the occurrence of local insufficient crushing or overall uneven crushing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydraulic fracturing, and more specifically to a multi-section fixed-point hydraulic fracturing apparatus.

Background Art

[0002] Hydraulic fracturing technology originated from the petroleum industry, and its operating principle is to inject high-pressure fluid into coal rock formations. In this way, natural fractures can be generated or expanded, and an artificial fracture network can be formed. Such technology can change the rock layer structure, increase the permeability of coal seams or reservoirs, and can also be used for the management of hard roofs, cutting, removal, and prevention of impact ground pressure.

[0003] In the prior art, in the fracturing process, when a certain point of the fracturing device contacts a hard rock formation, effective fracturing operations cannot be performed at this point, resulting in local fracturing deficiencies and overall fracturing unevenness, which brings inconvenience to subsequent construction.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In response to the above problems, the present invention proposes a multi-section fixed-point hydraulic fracturing apparatus to solve the above problems.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions. A shell that can be freely assembled in length based on construction conditions, A seal cover fixed to the upper (top) shell, Multiple crushing mechanisms are arranged according to construction conditions, each fixed within the shell, and each crushing mechanism is connected to another crushing mechanism by an adjustment mechanism. A high-pressure steel pipe is connected to and electrically connected to each of the aforementioned crushing mechanisms, and is also connected to the seal cover, A multi-stage fixed-point hydraulic fracturing apparatus including, The crushing mechanism is A fixing frame fixed to the shell, wherein a hinge base (hinge seat) is symmetrically fixed to the fixing frame, A convex pipe connected to the aforementioned high-pressure steel pipe, wherein slide bases (slide seats) are slidably provided at both ends of the convex pipe, and a spring is further provided between the slide base and the convex pipe, Telescopic rods, each consisting of two telescopic rods arranged symmetrically within the fixed frame, with one end of each telescopic rod hinged to the hinge base and the other end hinged to the slide base, and each group of telescopic rods further rotatably connected via a pivot axis at the intersection of each group of telescopic rods, Includes a discharge assembly fixed to the shell and connected to the telescopic rod, The multi-stage fixed-point hydraulic fracturing apparatus is provided with a sealed adjustment bunker via the telescopic rod and fixed frame, and the adjustment bunker is connected to the convex pipe via a hose. The adjustment mechanism is, A fixing rod fixed to the aforementioned fixing frame, wherein a sliding groove is provided in the fixing rod, and a sliding table (sliding base) is slidably provided inside the sliding groove, A gear is rotatably mounted on the aforementioned slide table, A first interlocking rod, wherein one end of the first interlocking rod is fixed to a slide base, the other end of which fixes a first rack bar, and the first rack bar is meshed with the gear, A second interlocking rod, the second interlocking rod having one end fixed to a slide base and the other end fixed to a second rack bar, the second rack bar meshing with the gear, A multi-stage fixed-point hydraulic fracturing apparatus, wherein the first and second interlocking rods are each fixed to the slide bases of two adjacent crushing mechanisms, the end of the first rack bar is pressed against the second interlocking rod, and the end of the second rack bar is pressed against the first interlocking rod. Beneficial effects

[0006] When a crushing mechanism is blocked by the hardness of the rock layer, the adjustment mechanism can stop all crushing operations of the unblocked crushing mechanism, thereby allowing all crushing oil pressure to act on the blocked area and effectively crushing the hard rock layer. At the same time, the crushing mechanism and adjustment mechanism effectively avoid localized crushing deficiencies and overall uneven crushing caused by hydraulic crushing, creating a better working environment for subsequent construction work. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0007] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of the entire multi-stage fixed-point hydraulic fracturing system. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism of a multi-stage fixed-point hydraulic fracturing device. [Figure 3] This is a structural diagram of the adjustment mechanism for a multi-stage fixed-point hydraulic fracturing device. [Figure 4] This is a structural diagram of the discharge assembly of a multi-stage fixed-point hydraulic fracturing device. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0008] The present invention provides an technical solution with reference to Figures 1-4. To meet the diverse needs of construction work, Shell 1 is assembled to any length based on construction conditions, The seal cover 2 is fixed to the upper shell 1, Multiple crushing mechanisms 3 are arranged according to the construction conditions, each fixed within the shell 1, and each crushing mechanism 3 is connected to the others by an adjustment mechanism 4. A multi-stage fixed-point hydraulic fracturing apparatus, which includes a high-pressure steel pipe 5 that is connected to and electrically connected to each crushing mechanism 3 and also connected to a seal cover 2, The crushing mechanism 3 is A fixed frame 31 that is fixed to the shell 1, and a hinge base 32 is symmetrically fixed to the fixed frame 31, A convex pipe 36 connected to a high-pressure steel pipe 5, wherein slide bases 33 are slidably provided at both ends of the convex pipe 36, and a spring 35 is further provided between the slide bases 33 and the convex pipe 36, The telescopic rods 34, which are arranged in groups of two, are symmetrically provided within the fixed frame 31, one end of each telescopic rod 34 is hinged to a hinge base 32, the other end of each telescopic rod 34 is hinged to a slide base 33, and each group of telescopic rods 34 are further rotatably connected via a pivot axis at the intersection of each group of telescopic rods 34. A multi-stage fixed-point hydraulic fracturing apparatus comprising a discharge assembly 37 fixed to a shell 1 and connected to a telescopic rod 34.

[0009] A sealed adjustment chamber 38 is provided via a telescopic rod 34 and a fixed frame 31, and the adjustment chamber 38 is connected to a convex pipe 36 via a hose.

[0010] After the crushing device is installed and positioned, the crushing oil enters the convex pipe 36 via the high-pressure steel pipe 5, and the crushing oil enters the adjustment chamber 38 under the action of the hose inside the convex pipe 36.

[0011] During operation, when a certain crushing mechanism 3 is blocked by a hard rock layer, the crushing oil aggregates in the regulating reservoir 38 due to continuous supply, the regulating reservoir 38 increases and the telescopic rod 34 is pressurized. The telescopic rod 34 gradually increases under the extrusion of the regulating reservoir 38, whereby the slide bases 33 at both ends slide in the opposite direction on the convex tube 36, putting the spring 35 in a stretched state.

[0012] In the process of sliding to both ends of the convex tube 36, under the action of the regulating mechanism 4, the remaining unblocked crushing mechanisms 3 slide with the slide bases 33 at both ends thereof facing each other on the convex tube 36, and the spring 35 is in a compressed state. At this time, due to the opposite movement of the slide bases 33 at both ends, the discharge assembly 37 is closed under the action of the telescopic rod 34.

[0013] That is, under the action of the regulating mechanism 4, all the discharge assemblies 37 without blockage phenomenon are blocked. At this time, the total pressure of the crushing oil acts inside the blocked discharge assembly 37, breaking through the hard rock layer due to the concentration of pressure, avoiding increasing the subsequent construction difficulty caused by the local rock layer not being crushed, and at the same time effectively making the rock layer have uniform crushing and improving the overall crushing effect of the crushing.

[0014] After the discharge assembly 37 breaks through the blockage of the hard rock layer, all the crushing mechanisms 3 are returned to the normal operating state under the action of the spring 35.

[0015] The regulating mechanism 4 is a fixed rod 41 fixed to the fixed frame 31, a slide groove 42 is opened on the fixed rod 41, and a slide table 46 is slidably provided in the slide groove 42, and the fixed rod 41 a gear 43 rotatably provided on the slide table 46, a first linkage rod 44, one end of the first linkage rod 44 is fixed to the slide base 33, the other end fixes the first rack bar, and the first rack bar is meshed with the gear 43, and the first linkage rod 44 A second interlocking rod 45, where one end of the second interlocking rod 45 is fixed to the slide base 33, the other end fixes the second rack bar, and the second rack bar is engaged with the gear 43, includes the second interlocking rod 45.

[0016] The first interlocking rod 44 and the second interlocking rod 45 are respectively fixed to the slide bases 33 of two adjacent crushing mechanisms 3. The end of the first rack bar is pressed against the second interlocking rod 45, and the end of the second rack bar is pressed against the first interlocking rod 44.

[0017] When the slide base 33 slides in the reverse direction, since the first rack bar and the second rack bar are engaged with the gear 43, the first interlocking rod 44 and the second interlocking rod 45 move in the reverse direction, and the adjacent slide bases 33 slide towards each other.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the discharge assembly 37 includes A discharge port 371 fixed to the shell 1, where a seal base 372 is provided inside the discharge port 371, and the discharge port 371, An elastic base 374 whose one end is fixed to the telescopic rod 34, A seal push rod 373, where one end of the seal push rod 373 is fixed to the other end of the elastic base 374, and the other end of the seal push rod 373 is slidably provided inside the discharge port 371, includes the seal push rod 373.

[0019] When the slide base 33 moves in the reverse direction, the seal push rod 373 gradually moves away from the seal base 372 under the action of the telescopic rod 34. That is, when the slide base 33 slides in the reverse direction, the discharge port 371 is always in a conductive state. Conversely, when the slide base 33 moves in the opposite direction, the seal push rod 373 contacts the seal base 372 under the action of the telescopic rod 34, and the discharge port 371 is turned off.

[0020] In specific implementation, the crushing device is placed on the rock layer to be crushed, crushing oil is injected into the crushing mechanism 3 via the high-pressure steel pipe 5, and if a blockage occurs in one of the crushing mechanisms 3, the remaining crushing mechanisms 3 are turned off under the action of the adjustment mechanism 4, thereby concentrating the entire pressure on the blocked area and crushing that area, thus avoiding uneven crushing or insufficient crushing. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0021] 1 Shell 2 Seal cover 3. Crushing mechanism 31 Fixed frame 32 Hinge base 33 Slide Base 34 Telescopic Rods 35 springs 36 Convex pipe 37. Discharge Assembly 371 Discharge Outlet 372 Sticker stand 373 Seal push rod 374 Elastic base 38 Control room 4 Adjustment mechanism 41 Fixed rod 42 Slide tank 43 gears 44 First interlocking rod 45 Second interlocking rod 46 Slide Table 5. High-pressure steel pipes

Claims

1. A multi-stage fixed-point hydraulic fracturing device, A shell whose length is freely assembled based on construction conditions, A seal cover fixed to the upper shell, A crushing mechanism is arranged in multiple locations based on construction conditions, each of which is fixed within the shell, and each crushing mechanism is connected to the others by an adjustment mechanism. Includes a high-pressure steel pipe that is connected to and electrically connected to each of the aforementioned crushing mechanisms, and is also connected to the seal cover. The crushing mechanism is A fixing frame fixed to the shell, wherein a hinge base is symmetrically fixed to the fixing frame, A convex pipe connected to the aforementioned high-pressure steel pipe, wherein slide bases are slidably provided at both ends of the convex pipe, and a spring is further provided between the slide base and the convex pipe, Telescopic rods, each consisting of two telescopic rods arranged symmetrically within the fixed frame, with one end of each telescopic rod hinged to the hinge base and the other end hinged to the slide base, and each group of telescopic rods being further rotatably connected via a pivot axis at the intersection of each group of telescopic rods, Includes a discharge assembly fixed to the shell and connected to the telescopic rod, The multi-stage fixed-point hydraulic fracturing apparatus is provided with a sealed adjustment chamber via the telescopic rod and fixed frame, and the adjustment chamber is connected to the convex pipe via a hose. The adjustment mechanism is, A fixing rod fixed to the aforementioned fixing frame, the fixing rod having a slide groove, and a slide table slidably provided within the slide groove, A gear is rotatably mounted on the aforementioned slide table, A first interlocking rod, wherein one end of the first interlocking rod is fixed to a slide base, the other end of which fixes a first rack bar, and the first rack bar is meshed with the gear, A second interlocking rod, the second interlocking rod having one end fixed to a slide base and the other end fixed to a second rack bar, the second rack bar meshing with the gear, A multi-stage fixed-point hydraulic fracturing apparatus characterized in that the first interlocking rod and the second interlocking rod are each fixed to the slide base of two adjacent crushing mechanisms, the end of the first rack bar is pressed against the first interlocking rod, and the end of the second rack bar is pressed against the second interlocking rod.

2. The aforementioned discharge assembly is A discharge port fixed to the aforementioned shell, wherein a sealing platform is provided inside the discharge port, An elastic base, one end of which is fixed to the telescopic rod, The multi-stage fixed-point hydraulic fracturing apparatus according to claim 1, comprising a seal push rod, one end of which is fixed to the other end of the elastic base, and the other end of which is slidably provided inside the discharge port.

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