Laminated glass for automobiles

Abstract

The present application relates to a laminated glass for automobiles. The manufacturing material of the laminated glass for automobiles includes a first glass sheet, a second glass sheet, and an intermediate layer material, the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet have different compositions, the difference between temperatures Tp1 and Tp2 is 50°C or less, the temperature Tp1 is defined as the sum of a transition point temperature Tg1 of the first glass sheet and a first temperature compensation value Tb1, the temperature Tp2 is defined as the sum of a transition point temperature Tg2 of the second glass sheet and a first temperature compensation value Tb2, and the general formula of the temperature Tp is Tp=Tg+Tb.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] (Cross - reference to related applications) This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application with the application number 2021111635094 and the invention title "Automotive laminated glass" filed on September 30, 2021, and incorporates the entire content thereof into this application by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates to the technical field of laminated glass, particularly to automotive laminated glass.

Background Art

[0003] Automotive laminated glass is asymmetric, generally with a thick outer plate glass and a thin inner plate glass. Such a special inner - outer plate laminated glass is mainly different from traditional laminated glass in that after the inner plate glass is bent and formed, additional chemical strengthening is required, and then it is adhered to the outer plate glass to form the laminated glass. Currently, as a chemical strengthening method for the inner plate glass, generally, the chemical strengthening method of glass in the electronic display cover industry is adopted. However, for a certain material of the inner plate glass, when combined with the outer plate glass during bending and forming, and during the chemical strengthening of the inner plate glass after bending and forming, the following problems may exist. (1) The softening point of the inner plate glass cannot adapt to the outer plate glass, making it difficult for both to be bent and formed simultaneously. (2) Even if formed, it is difficult for the shapes of the inner and outer plate glasses to perfectly match after forming. After adhesion, there are gaps of different sizes between the inner and outer plate glasses, affecting the optical quality of the product. (3) Since the forming tendencies of the inner and outer plate glasses may not be consistent, the bending degrees in the central region after thermo - bending forming do not match, causing bulging or wrinkles at the edges, resulting in plate cracking or optical defects after combination.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In view of this, various embodiments of the present application provide automotive laminated glass. The technical solution is as follows.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] Laminated glass for automobiles, the manufacturing materials include a first glass plate, a second glass plate, and an intermediate layer material. The first glass plate and the second glass plate have different compositional components. The temperature difference between Tp1 and Tp2 is approximately 50°C or less. Temperature Tp1 is defined as the sum of the transition temperature Tg1 and the first temperature compensation value Tb1 of the first glass plate, and temperature Tp2 is defined as the sum of the transition temperature Tg2 and the first temperature compensation value Tb1 of the second glass plate. 2 Defined as the sum of temperature compensation values ​​Tb², the general formula for temperature Tp is defined as Tp = Tg + Tb. The transition temperature Tg is when the viscosity of the glass is approximately 10 13.4 Defined as the temperature in the case of Poise, The weight ratio of the first temperature compensation value Tb1 to the composition of the first glass plate satisfies the condition that Tb1 is equal to approximately 100 × (3.5 × SiO2 + 6.5 × Al2O3 - 5 × (Na2O + K2O) - 3 × (CaO + MgO) - 6 × B2O3 - 2.5 × (ZnO + P2O5)), The weight ratio of the second temperature compensation value Tb2 to the composition of the second glass plate satisfies the condition that Tb2 is equal to approximately 100 × (3.5 × SiO2 + 6.5 × Al2O3 - 5 × (Na2O + K2O) - 3 × (CaO + MgO) - 6 × B2O3 - 2.5 × (ZnO + P2O5)), In the first glass plate and the second glass plate, the content of one or more of the following elements is zero: Al2O3, K2O, CaO, MgO, B2O3, ZnO, and P2O5.

[0006] In one embodiment, the thickness of the second glass plate is smaller than the thickness of the first glass plate, and the composition of the first glass plate is a predetermined set of components.

[0007] In one embodiment, the weight ratio of Al2O3 in the second glass plate is approximately 8 wt% to 16 wt%.

[0008] In one embodiment, the total weight ratio of alkaline earth metal compounds in the second glass plate does not exceed approximately 5 wt%.

[0009] In one embodiment, the total weight ratio of the alkali metal compound in the second glass plate is approximately 15 wt% to 25 wt%.

[0010] In one embodiment, the composition of the second glass plate includes Na2O, and the content of Na2O is approximately 60 wt% or more of the total content of alkali metal compounds in the second glass plate.

[0011] In one embodiment, the composition of the second glass plate includes ZnO in a weight ratio of approximately 2 wt% to 6 wt% and P2O5 in a weight ratio of approximately 0 to 3 wt%.

[0012] In one embodiment, the material of the second glass plate is mainly an aluminosilicate.

[0013] In one embodiment, the material of the first glass plate is mainly soda lime silicate, aluminosilicate, or borosilicate.

[0014] In one embodiment, the material of the first glass is mainly soda lime silicate, and the material of the second glass plate is mainly aluminosilicate. The weight ratio of Al2O3 in the second glass plate is 8 wt% to 12 wt%, and the total weight ratio of alkali metal compounds in the second glass plate is 20 wt% to 25 wt%.

[0015] In one embodiment, the material of the first glass is mainly aluminosilicate or borosilicate, and the material of the second glass plate is mainly aluminosilicate. The weight ratio of Al2O3 in the second glass plate is 12 wt% to 16 wt%, and the total weight ratio of alkali metal compounds in the second glass plate is 15 wt% to 20 wt%.

[0016] In one embodiment, the thickness of the first glass plate is approximately 2.1 mm or more.

[0017] In one embodiment, the first glass plate is colorless glass, colored glass, or painted glass with the painted surface adjacent to the intermediate layer material.

[0018] In one embodiment, the thickness of the second glass plate is about 1.1 mm or less.

[0019] In one embodiment, the second glass is ion-exchanged This was carried out.

[0020] In one embodiment, the second glass plate is colorless glass with a visible light transmittance of about 88% or more.

[0021] In one embodiment, the intermediate layer material is an organic polymer.

[0022] Details of one or more embodiments of the present application are described below, and other features, objects, and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the specification and claims.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0023] Hereinafter, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described. As is clear, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained on the premise that those skilled in the art do not perform creative labor all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in this specification are only for the purpose of explaining specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0025] The term Unless otherwise specified or there is no contradiction, the terms or phrases used in this specification have the following meanings.

[0026] In this application, the selectable range of terms used, “and / or,” “or / and,” and “and / or,” includes any one of two or more related enumeration items, including any and all combinations of related enumeration items, the aforementioned any and all combinations including any two related enumeration items, any further related enumeration items, or all related enumeration items.

[0027] In this application, "one or more types" refers to one, two, or more of the enumerated items. Here, "more types" refers to two or more types.

[0028] In this application, the terms used, such as "that combination," "that any combination," and "that any combination method," include all appropriate combination methods of any two or more of the enumerated items.

[0029] In this application, the term "appropriate" as used in phrases such as "appropriate combination method," "appropriate method," and "any appropriate method" is defined as being able to implement the technical solution of this application, solve the technical problem of this application, and achieve the technical effects anticipated by this application.

[0030] In this application, the phrase "preferably" is used solely to describe a better embodiment or example of the effect and does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] In this application, the technical features described in the open-type section include closed-type technical proposals composed of the listed features, and also include open-type technical proposals that include the listed features.

[0032] In this application, when referring to a numerical interval, unless otherwise specified, it includes both endpoints of the numerical interval.

[0033] In this application, when referring to percentage content, unless otherwise specified, it refers to mass percentage for solid-liquid mixtures and solid-phase-solid mixtures, and volume percentage for liquid-phase-liquid mixtures.

[0034] In this application, unless otherwise specified, percentage concentration refers to the final concentration. Final concentration refers to the proportion of the added component in the system after the component has been added.

[0035] In this application, when referring to temperature parameters, unless otherwise specified, it may refer to constant temperature processing or processing within a constant temperature range. In the above constant temperature processing, the temperature can fluctuate within the accuracy range of instrument control.

[0036] In this application, unless otherwise specified, weight ratio refers to the weight ratio of the constituent components in the total composition. For example, if the weight ratio of Al2O3 in the second glass plate is approximately 8 wt% to 12 wt%, that is, the percentage of the weight of Al2O3 in the second glass plate that accounts for the weight of the second glass plate.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present application, laminated glass for automobiles is provided. The manufacturing materials for the laminated glass for automobiles include a first glass plate, a second glass plate, and an intermediate layer material. The first glass plate and the second glass plate have different compositional components. The temperature difference between Tp1 and Tp2 is 50°C or less. The temperature difference between Tp1 and Tp2 is approximately 50°C or less. Temperature Tp1 is defined as the sum of the transition temperature Tg1 and the first temperature compensation value Tb1 of the first glass plate, and temperature Tp2 is defined as the sum of the transition temperature Tg2 and the first temperature compensation value Tb1 of the second glass plate. 2 Defined as the sum of temperature compensation values ​​Tb², the general formula for temperature Tp is defined as Tp = Tg + Tb. The transition temperature Tg is when the viscosity of the glass is approximately 10 13.4 Defined as the temperature in the case of Poise, The weight ratio of the first temperature compensation value Tb1 to the composition of the first glass plate satisfies the condition that Tb1 is equal to approximately 100 × (3.5 × SiO2 + 6.5 × Al2O3 - 5 × (Na2O + K2O) - 3 × (CaO + MgO) - 6 × B2O3 - 2.5 × (ZnO + P2O5)), The weight ratio of the second temperature compensation value Tb2 to the composition of the second glass plate satisfies the condition that Tb2 is equal to approximately 100 × (3.5 × SiO2 + 6.5 × Al2O3 - 5 × (Na2O + K2O) - 3 × (CaO + MgO) - 6 × B2O3 - 2.5 × (ZnO + P2O5)), The first glass plate and the second glass plate may contain zero content of one or more of the following: Al2O3, K2O, CaO, MgO, B2O3, ZnO, and P2O5.

[0038] Preferably, the thickness of the second glass plate is less than the thickness of the first glass plate, and the composition of the first glass plate is a predetermined set of components. For example, the first glass plate is an outer glass plate, and the second glass plate is an inner glass plate. Preferably, the thickness of the first glass plate is about 2.1 mm or more. Preferably, the thickness of the second glass plate is about 1.1 mm or less. For example, the thickness of the first glass plate includes, but is not limited to, thicknesses of about 2.1 mm, about 2.3 mm, about 2.5 mm, about 2.6 mm, about 2.8 mm, about 3.0 mm, about 3.2 mm, about 3.5 mm, about 3.8 mm, about 4.0 mm, about 4.2 mm, about 4.5 mm, about 5.0 mm and above. The thickness of the second glass plate includes, but is not limited to, thicknesses of about 0.5 mm, about 0.7 mm, about 0.9 mm, about 1.1 mm, or other thicknesses in the range of about 0.5 mm to 1.1 mm. By using combinations of different thicknesses, it is still possible to achieve the above-mentioned technical effects of the present invention.

[0039] In some cases, the composition and specifications of the outer glass are generally predetermined. Since the outer glass largely determines the color, appearance, visible light transmittance, infrared and ultraviolet transmittance, ink, compatibility of adhesive accessories, and the entire glass drawing equipment and process system from the raw sheet to the finished product, the material of the first glass sheet according to this application may be a predetermined material. Compared to the outer glass, the material of the inner glass sheet offers greater flexibility in adjustment, and the production process for the raw sheet of the inner glass is more diverse, making it relatively easy to adjust the composition and match it to the outer glass with appropriate adjustments. In this application, the material of the second glass sheet can be adjusted according to the preheating material of the first glass sheet, so that the difference in molding temperature between the two is approximately 50°C or less.

[0040] In this application, the molding temperature (Tp) of a glass is defined as the sum of the glass transition temperature (Tg) and the temperature compensation value (Tb) of the glass. The formula for calculating Tb is obtained by combining example data, taking into account the influence of different oxide components in the glass on the viscosity-temperature curve. In the formula for calculating Tb, for oxides with a positive coefficient (e.g., SiO2, Al2O3), the introduction of the oxide improves the high-temperature viscosity of the glass and correspondingly improves the molding temperature. The magnitude of the coefficient represents the strength of the oxide's influence on viscosity. For oxides with other negative coefficients, the introduction of the oxide decreases the high-temperature viscosity of the glass and correspondingly lowers the molding temperature. The magnitude of the coefficient similarly represents the strength of the oxide's influence on viscosity. Generally, different glass compositions result in different Tg and Tb values, and it is necessary to control both Tg and Tb simultaneously so that the molding temperature Tp of both satisfies the above conditions.

[0041] The Tg of glass can be measured by referring to standard methods, and the viscosity of glass is approximately 10 13.4 It is defined as the temperature in the case of a poise.

[0042] In this application, the molding temperature Tp1 of the first glass plate may be a temperature between the Tg1 and the softening point of the first glass plate. At this temperature, the glass exhibits an optimal viscosity suitable for thermal bending and possesses a certain ductility that enables bending. Furthermore, if the glass is too fluid and too soft, it will develop various common defects during the bending process (e.g., plate sticking, mold release, mold marks, embedded impurity particles, etc.). Similarly, the molding temperature Tp2 of the second glass plate may also be a temperature between the Tg2 and the softening point of the second glass plate.

[0043] Meeting the above conditions makes it possible to perform simultaneous bending and forming of the first and second glass plates, further improves the degree of mold fit between the first and second glass plates after bending and forming, reduces the central gap between the first and second glass plates, eliminates obvious bulges in the middle, minimizes wrinkles at the edges, and improves the optical performance of the laminated glass after bonding.

[0044] In one embodiment, if the difference between the molding temperature Tp1 of the first glass plate and the molding temperature Tp2 of the second glass plate satisfies the above condition, the composition of the second glass plate further satisfies the condition that the composition of the second glass plate contains Al2O3, at least one alkali metal compound, and at least one alkaline earth metal compound.

[0045] In some embodiments, the Al2O3 content in the second glass plate accounts for approximately 8 wt% to 16 wt% of the total weight of the second glass plate.

[0046] In some embodiments, the total content of alkaline earth metal compounds in the second glass plate does not exceed approximately 5 wt% of the second glass plate.

[0047] In some embodiments, the total content of alkali metal compounds in the second glass plate accounts for approximately 15% wt to 25 wt% of the second glass plate.

[0048] Alkali metals are components of oxides necessary for glass production, and are generally introduced as raw materials such as soda and feldspar. They are used to lower the melting temperature in glass production, while also being used in chemical strengthening ion exchange (K in salt baths). + Na in glass + Provides the free cations necessary for exchange.

[0049] In some embodiments, the composition of the second glass plate includes Na2O, and the Na2O content is approximately 60 wt% or more of the total alkali metal compound content in the second glass plate. Including the above amount of Na2O in the glass is advantageous for achieving rapid ion exchange.

[0050] In some embodiments, the composition of the second glass plate includes ZnO, which accounts for approximately 2 wt% to 6 wt% of the second glass plate, and P2O5, which accounts for approximately 0 to 3 wt% of the second glass plate.

[0051] Preferably, the material of the second glass plate is mainly an aluminosilicate.

[0052] To make it clear, the second glass plate can perform ion exchange.

[0053] To make it clear, the second glass plate is a colorless glass with a visible light transmittance of approximately 88% or more.

[0054] Automotive laminated glass is large in size, comes in many varieties, has complex curvature shapes, and has high requirements for stress layer depth, necessitating rapid ion exchange. This means achieving the desired maximum stress layer depth within the shortest possible exchange time to improve production efficiency. Furthermore, rapid ion exchange reduces the time the glass is immersed in the molten salt, minimizing the ion exchange of impurities in the glass during the salt bath, ensuring the durability of the molten salt, and reducing the frequency of molten salt exchange. However, some inner glass materials cannot reach the desired stress layer depth through rapid ion exchange, resulting in high costs in terms of both production efficiency and the frequency of molten salt exchange.

[0055] When the above conditions are met, the second glass plate will have sufficiently high surface stress and stress layer depth in a short time during chemical strengthening, exhibiting the effect of rapid ion exchange strengthening. This will meet the requirements for large-scale, mass-production chemically strengthened glass for automobiles, improve production rates, reduce the frequency of molten salt exchange, save costs, and achieve process costs close to those of traditional physical air-cooling strengthening. This makes it convenient and cost-effective for chemically strengthened glass to be more widely applied in the automotive market.

[0056] Sufficiently high surface stress and stress layer depth refer to a compressive stress layer depth of approximately 30 μm or more and a compressive stress of approximately 500 MPa or more in the inner glass plate after replacement.

[0057] In this invention, the rate of ion exchange is fast, and in some embodiments, the ion exchange enhancement time is 4 hours or less, and in some embodiments, the ion exchange enhancement time is 2 hours or less.

[0058] Preferably, the material of the first glass plate is mainly soda lime silicate, aluminosilicate, or borosilicate.

[0059] To make it clear, the first glass plate is either annealed low-stress glass or physically heat-strengthened prestressed glass.

[0060] To make it clear, the first glass plate is colorless glass, colored glass, or painted glass whose painted surface is adjacent to the intermediate layer material.

[0061] In some embodiments, the material of the first glass is mainly soda lime silicate, the material of the second glass plate is mainly aluminosilicate, the Al2O3 content in the second glass plate accounts for approximately 8 wt% to 12 wt%, and the total alkali metal compound content in the second glass plate accounts for approximately 20 wt% to 25 wt%.

[0062] In some embodiments, the material of the first glass is mainly aluminosilicate or borosilicate, the material of the second glass plate is mainly aluminosilicate, the Al2O3 content in the second glass plate accounts for approximately 12 wt% to 16 wt%, and the total alkali metal compound content in the second glass plate accounts for approximately 15 wt% to 20 wt%.

[0063] In some embodiments, the interlayer of the automotive laminated glass of the present invention may be single-layer or multi-layer and may be manufactured from an interlayer material.

[0064] Preferably, the intermediate layer material is an organic polymer. In some embodiments, a special functional layer may be pre-compounded onto the organic polymer.

[0065] Preferably, the organic polymer includes, but is not limited to, polymers mainly composed of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethane (PU), polyethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), and ethylene methacrylate (SGP), which have excellent aging resistance and sufficient adhesion to glass surfaces.

[0066] This invention derives the forming temperature Tp of a glass plate by obtaining an empirical formula for the temperature compensation value Tb of a glass plate by combining example data, taking into account the influence of different oxide components in the glass on the viscosity-temperature curve. By limiting the difference between the forming temperatures Tp1 and Tp2 of the first and second glass plates, the possibility of simultaneous bending and forming of the first and second glass plates is satisfied, and furthermore, the degree of mold fit between the first and second glass plates after bending and forming is improved, thereby reducing the central gap between the first and second glass plates, eliminating obvious bulges in the middle, reducing wrinkles at the edges, and improving the optical performance of the laminated glass after bonding.

[0067] This application further provides a method for manufacturing laminated glass for automobiles.

[0068] The method for manufacturing laminated glass for automobiles includes the steps of: bending the first glass plate and the second glass plate at a preset temperature; separating the first glass plate and the second glass plate after bending and performing a chemical strengthening treatment on the second glass plate after bending; and placing the intermediate layer material between the first glass plate after bending and the second glass plate after chemical strengthening, and heating and pressurizing it to manufacture laminated glass.

[0069] To make it understandable, the step of bending the first glass plate and the second glass plate further includes the step of pre-treating the first glass plate and the second glass plate, the pre-treating of which includes cutting and chamfering the first glass plate and the second glass plate to form a desired specific contour, pre-setting the dimensional stacking difference between the first glass plate and the second glass plate according to the bent shape and dimensions of the final product, and aligning the edges of the two layers of glass after stacking and bending.

[0070] Preferably, the step of bending the first glass plate and the second glass plate at the preset temperature includes overlapping the first glass plate and the second glass plate, applying high-temperature resistant isolation powder to the overlapping surface of the two to obtain a laminated glass plate, and placing the laminated glass in a molding die and bending the laminated glass at the preset temperature.

[0071] To make it easier to understand, the above laminated glass plate may be bent and formed by heat bending using the weight of the glass itself to bond it to the mold and complete the formation, or by using a ring-shaped lower mold and a solid upper mold to assist in bonding and complete the formation.

[0072] Preferably, the laminated glass sheet is heated uniformly and symmetrically from top to bottom in a continuous furnace or tunnel furnace by pre-setting the furnace body temperature. The molding method may be gravity molding, in which the laminated glass sheet is bent by gravity and bonded to the contour of the mold to form the desired shape, or a pressure molding method may be used, in which the laminated glass sheet that has not been completely molded by its own weight is placed between a ring-shaped lower mold and a solid upper mold and molded under pressure to form the desired shape. After molding, the laminated glass sheet is gradually cooled to room temperature to complete annealing and obtain a laminated glass sheet after bending.

[0073] Preferably, the preset temperature is the molding temperature of the first glass plate.

[0074] To make it understandable, a continuous furnace or tunnel furnace may contain one or more chambers. If there is one chamber, the temperature of the chamber is raised by heating to a preset temperature, which is the molding temperature of the first glass plate. If there are multiple chambers, the temperature of each chamber is raised by heating, and each chamber can be set to exhibit a gradient temperature distribution, with the highest temperature in each chamber being a preset temperature, which is the molding temperature of the first glass plate.

[0075] Preferably, the high-temperature resistant isolation powder is a powder material that does not react with the surface of the glass plate and contains, but is not limited to, diatomaceous earth or calcium carbonate. In one embodiment, the particle size of the diatomaceous earth is about 5 μm to 15 μm.

[0076] Since a high-temperature isolation powder is added between the first and second glass plates after bending, the two can be separated, and the second glass plate after bending is subjected to chemical strengthening treatment.

[0077] Preferably, the chemical strengthening treatment includes the steps of preheating, ion exchange, cooling, and washing.

[0078] Specifically, the second glass plate after bending is placed in a chemically strengthened mounting frame of the corresponding dimensions, the glass plate is uniformly fixed, and the mounting frame together with the glass plate is uniformly heated in a preheating cavity until it approaches the ion exchange temperature (approximately 350-400°C). Then, ion exchange is performed by immersing it in a salt bath of molten KNO3, setting the temperature and time of ion exchange, and achieving the stress and depth to the required level. After the exchange is complete, the mounting frame together with the glass plate is slowly lifted, and after the sticky liquid KNO3 droplets are cleaned off, it is placed in a cooling cavity and uniformly cooled to approximately 100°C or below. After cooling is complete, the glass is immersed in deionized water to remove excess KNO3. The second glass plate after chemical strengthening is then recombined with the first glass plate, which is bent simultaneously, and bonded together.

[0079] The above bonding process includes placing the intermediate layer material between the first glass plate after bending and the second glass plate after chemical strengthening, and then heating and pressurizing it to manufacture the laminated glass for automobiles.

[0080] After being pre-pressurized (or vacuumed) and processed under a high-temperature, high-pressure process, two sheets of glass and a polymer interlayer are aligned and uniformly bonded together to obtain laminated glass for automobiles.

[0081] In one embodiment, the structure of the laminated glass for automobiles has a convex surface, and after being attached to the vehicle body, the convex surface faces outward, the first glass plate is located on the side facing outward, and the second glass plate is located on the side facing inward.

[0082] Preferably, the laminated glass for automobiles may be the front and rear windshields, roof glass, or front and rear door glass of the vehicle body.

[0083] In one embodiment, the preset temperature for the bending process is approximately 593°C, and the preset ion exchange temperature for the chemical strengthening of the second glass plate after molding is approximately 420°C.

[0084] In one embodiment, the ion exchange time is approximately 2 hours, which can satisfy the requirements for glass stress and depth.

[0085] The following will provide further details with reference to specific examples and comparative examples. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the following specific examples can all be obtained commercially, the equipment used can all be obtained commercially unless otherwise specified, and the processes involved are all common choices for those skilled in the art unless otherwise specified.

[0086] Examples and Comparative Examples Laminated glass samples for the examples and comparative examples were manufactured with reference to the oxide components of the glass plates shown in Table 1 and the combinations of the first and second glass plates shown in Table 2. The thickness of the first glass plate was approximately 3.5 mm, and the thickness of the second glass plate was approximately 1.1 mm. The specific manufacturing method is as follows. (1) The first and second glass plates were cut and edged to form a desired specific contour. The second and first glass plates were stacked together, and diatomaceous earth with a particle size of approximately 5 μm to 15 μm was applied to the overlapping surface of the two to obtain a laminated glass plate. The laminated glass plate was placed in a ring-shaped lower mold and placed in a continuous furnace. There was one chamber in the continuous furnace, and the temperature of the chamber was raised to approximately 593°C to heat the laminated glass plate uniformly and symmetrically from above and below, and the solid upper mold and the lower ring-shaped mold assisted in pressing and shaping. After shaping was completed, it was slowly cooled to room temperature to complete annealing and obtain a laminated glass plate after bending. (2) The first and second glass plates were separated after bending, the second glass plate was placed in a chemically strengthened mounting frame of the corresponding dimensions, the glass plate was uniformly fixed, the mounting frame together with the glass plate was uniformly heated in a preheating chamber, and ion exchange was performed by immersion in a salt bath of molten KNO3, with the ion exchange temperature set to approximately 420°C, and after the stress and depth reached the specified requirements, it was cooled, washed, and removed. (3) An organic polymer film is placed between the first glass plate and the second glass plate after chemical strengthening. After pre-pressurization (or vacuuming) and processing with a high-temperature, high-pressure process, the two glass plates and the organic polymer film are aligned and uniformly bonded together to obtain laminated glass for automobiles. The manufactured laminated glass can be used as a windshield product for automobiles.

[0087] [Table 1]

[0088] [Table 2]

[0089] The technical effects of the above examples and comparative examples are evaluated according to the conditions of the central gap and edge gap between the first and second glass plates after molding.

[0090] Compared to electronic display covers, automotive chemically strengthened glass has lower requirements for surface stress and higher requirements for stress layer depth. Furthermore, even with increased furnace dimensions, the amount of glass to be strengthened in a single cycle remains low for automotive glass chemical strengthening furnaces. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain a sufficient stress layer depth in the shortest possible time. For this reason, the technical effects of the above examples and comparative examples were evaluated based on the average ion exchange rate over the four hours prior to the start of ion exchange on the second glass plate. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0091] [Table 3]

[0092] As can be seen from Table 3, in Examples 1 to 4, the central gap between the first and second glass plates after bending is small, there is no obvious bulging in the middle region of the first and second glass plates, the edge gap is small, the edge wrinkles are small, the mold consistency is high, and the shape of the final laminated glass can match that of the laminated glass after heat bending, which is advantageous in improving the overall optical quality of the product. On the other hand, the second glass plate in Examples 1 to 4 has the effect of rapid ion exchange strengthening, and the exchange rate of the mean stress layer depth within 4 hours before the start of ion exchange is 12 μm / h or more. In individual examples, a stress layer depth of approximately 40 μm was obtained under exchange conditions of approximately 2 hours, which can meet the requirements for large dimensions and mass production of chemically strengthened glass for automobiles, and the process cost is close to that of traditional physical air cooling strengthening, which is convenient for chemically strengthened glass to be better applied in the automotive market. Furthermore, it reduces the time the glass is immersed in the molten salt, minimizes the ion exchange of impurities in the glass with the salt bath, ensures the durability of the molten salt, reduces the frequency of molten salt replacement, and saves costs.

[0093] The technical features of the embodiments described above can be combined in any way, and for the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above have been explained. However, as long as these combinations of technical features are not contradictory, they should be considered to fall within the scope described herein.

[0094] The above embodiments merely illustrate some of the embodiments of the present invention, and although the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be understood as limiting the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art should note that several modifications and improvements within the scope of the present invention can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. Laminated glass for automobiles, The manufacturing material includes a first glass plate, a second glass plate, and an intermediate layer material. The first glass plate and the second glass plate have different compositional components. The temperature difference between Tp1 and Tp2 is 50°C or less. Temperature Tp1 is defined as the sum of the transition temperature Tg1 of the first glass plate and the first temperature compensation value Tb1, temperature Tp2 is defined as the sum of the transition temperature Tg2 of the second glass plate and the second temperature compensation value Tb2, and the general formula for temperature Tp is defined as Tp = Tg + Tb. The transition temperature Tg is when the viscosity of the glass is 10 １３．４ Defined as the temperature in the case of Poise, The weight ratio of the first temperature compensation value Tb1 to the composition components of the first glass plate is such that Tb1 is 100 × (3.5 × SiO ２ + 6.5 × Al ２ O ３ - 5 × (Na ２ O + K ２ O) - 3 × (CaO + MgO) - 6 × B ２ O ３ - 2.5 × (ZnO + P ２ O ５ )) and satisfies the condition that it is equal to The weight ratio of the second temperature compensation value Tb2 to the composition of the second glass plate is such that Tb2 is 100 × (3.5 × SiO ２ +6.5 × Al ２ O ３ -5 × (Na ２ O+K ２ O)-3×(CaO+MgO)-6×B ２ O ３ -2.5×(ZnO+P ２ O ５ Satisfying the condition that it is equal to ), In the first glass plate and the second glass plate, Al ２ O ３ _K ２ O, CaO, MgO, B ２ O ３ ZnO and P ２ O ５ The content of one or more of these is zero. The material of the first glass plate is soda lime silicate, and the material of the second glass plate is aluminosilicate. Al in the second glass plate ２ O ３ The weight ratio is 8 wt% to 12 wt%, and the total weight ratio of alkali metal compounds in the second glass plate is 20 wt% to 25 wt%. Laminated glass for automobiles, characterized in that the total weight ratio of alkaline earth metal compounds in the second glass plate does not exceed 5 wt%.

2. The laminated glass for automobiles according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the second glass plate is less than the thickness of the first glass plate, and the compositional components of the first glass plate are predetermined components.

3. The composition of the second glass plate is Na ２ It contains O and the Na ２ The laminated glass for automobiles according to claim 1, characterized in that the content of O is 60 wt% or more of the total content of alkali metal compounds in the second glass plate.

4. The composition of the second glass plate is ZnO in a weight ratio of 2 wt% to 6 wt% and P in a weight ratio of 0 to 3 wt%. ２ O ５ A laminated glass for automobiles according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by including the following:

5. The laminated glass for automobiles according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the thickness of the first glass plate is 2.1 mm or more.

6. The laminated glass for automobiles according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first glass plate is colorless glass, colored glass, or painted glass whose painted surface is adjacent to the intermediate layer material.

7. The laminated glass for automobiles according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the thickness of the second glass plate is 1.1 mm or less.

8. The laminated glass for automobiles according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the second glass plate has undergone ion exchange.

9. The laminated glass for automobiles according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the second glass plate is colorless glass with a visible light transmittance of 88% or more.

10. The laminated glass for automobiles according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the intermediate layer material is an organic polymer.

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