A device and program that measure changes in pupil diameter due to light stimulation and determine the subject's physical condition.

Abstract

To solve such a problem that the autonomic imbalance cannot be easily determined.SOLUTION: The present invention relates to a device for determining the brain disease or autonomic imbalance by utilizing the principle in which a brain activity is reflected in eyeball movement (changes in a pupil of an eye), showing a display screen whose brightness changes in a short time for a subject and analyzing the changes in the pupil diameter of the subject. The device is capable of simultaneously capturing left and right eyeball images using separate cameras when a high-brightness screen or low-brightness screen is displayed for the subject in a short time. The state of the change in the pupil in the brain disease state or autonomic imbalance state is fundamentally based on the findings that the state is different from that of a healthy person.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention 、 utilizes the principle that brain activity and autonomic nerve movements are manifested in changes in the eyeballs (pupils), gives a light stimulus to a subject, and Note analyzes the movements of the subject's left and right eyeballs to Note relates to an apparatus for determining the subject's brain diseases and autonomic nerve disorder states. More specifically, 、 this invention 、 relates to a determination apparatus that determines whether or not the subject has a brain disease or an autonomic nerve disorder state by using the changes in the pupil diameters of the subject's left and right eyes when showing independent images to the left and right eyes of the subject. 、 using the changes in the pupil diameters of the subject's left and right eyes 、 when showing independent images to the left and right eyes of the subject.

Background Art

[0002] In International Publication WO2017 - 057631 pamphlet, 、 a subject emotion determination apparatus is described. By using the apparatus described in the above publication, 、 the subject's respiration 、 the influence of the brightness of the environment 、 the influence such as the subject's pulse can be excluded, 、 the subject's pupils can be photographed, and 、 the subject's emotion can be determined.

[0003] For a new apparatus using an apparatus capable of photographing the subject's pupils like the above apparatus and a system for determining the subject's physical condition, 、 development is desired.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

Summary of the Invention

[0005] The internationally published brochure WO2017-057631 contains 、 A device for determining the emotions of subjects is described. If the device described in the above publication is used... 、 Subject's respiration 、 The effect of light and shadow 、 Eliminating the influence of the subject's pulse rate 、 The pupils of the subjects were photographed. 、 It can determine the emotions of the subjects.

[0006] Devices like the one described above 、 A system was desired that could be developed to determine the subject's physical condition by using a device capable of photographing the subject's pupil diameter and then applying light stimuli to the subject to analyze the movement of their eyeballs.

[0007] This invention 、 This device can simultaneously capture images of the left and right eyeballs with separate cameras. By measuring changes in the pupil diameter of a subject when they are simultaneously shown identical or different images to the left and right eyes, the aim is to provide a new method for diagnosing brain diseases and autonomic nervous system disorders in subjects. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] This invention 、 Basically 、 The following describes the changes in pupil diameter in subjects with brain disease or autonomic nervous system dysfunction when the displayed images for each eyeball are changed independently. 、 This is based on the finding that it differs from that of healthy individuals.

[0009] One of the multiple embodiments disclosed in this specification is 、 Regarding a device for diagnosing brain diseases and autonomic nervous system disorders. This brain disorder, autonomic nervous system dysfunction diagnosis Device 1 is 、 Display image control unit 3 and 、 Ophthalmic Unit 5 and 、It has a determination unit 7. The display image control unit 3 、 is an element for changing the display image displayed on the video display unit 4. The eye imaging unit 5 、 is an element for imaging the eye images of the subject who views the display image. The determination unit 7 、 uses the pattern of the change over time of the size of the pupil of the subject imaged by the eye imaging unit 5 or the movement of the viewpoint in the display image 、 to determine whether the subject has a brain disease or a physical discomfort due to autonomic nervous system disorder. Regarding this brain disease and autonomic nervous system disorder diagnosis The device 1 、 The display image control unit 3 、 changes the display image displayed on the video display unit 4 based on a pattern stored in advance. The eye imaging unit 5 、 simultaneously images the left and right eye images of the subject who views the display image with separate cameras. The determination unit 7 、 receives an image including the eye image of the subject imaged by the eye imaging unit 5. And 、 The determination unit 7 、 obtains the pattern of the change over time of the size of the pupil of the subject imaged by the eye imaging unit 5 and the movement of the viewpoint 、 and uses the pattern of the change over time 、 to determine whether the subject has a brain disease or an autonomic nervous system disorder. In other words, one aspect of the present invention includes a display image control unit that changes the same or different display images displayed on a display unit corresponding to the left and right eyes of a subject, an eyeball imaging unit that simultaneously captures images of the left and right eyeballs of the subject who is visually viewing the display images with separate independent cameras, and a display pattern of the display image that displays a low-luminance screen to the left and right eyes of the subject until the pupil diameter stabilizes, then displays a high-luminance screen for a predetermined short time, and then displays the low-luminance screen, to determine the change in pupil diameter over time of the left and right eyes of the subject captured by the eyeball imaging unit, and from the change in pupil diameter over time, First data consisting of the pupil dilation rate A, pupil dilation rate B, pupil dilation judgment ratio U, and pupil dilation judgment ratio U2 of the subject is obtained, and second data consisting of the pupil dilation judgment time E and pupil dilation judgment time G of the subject is obtained, and based on the first data and the pupil dilation rate A, pupil dilation rate B, pupil dilation judgment ratio U, and pupil dilation judgment ratio U2 of a healthy person, or based on the second data and the pupil dilation judgment time E and pupil dilation judgment time G of the healthy person, the brain disease state or autonomic nervous system of the subject is determined. The system includes a determination unit for determining a neurological disorder state, wherein the determination unit determines that when the low-brightness screen is displayed and then the high-brightness screen is displayed, the pupil diameter position at time t2, where it determines that the pupil diameter contraction started later than the time t1 when the high-brightness screen was displayed, is set as the pupil diameter contraction start determination point 403, and when the low-brightness screen is displayed and then the high-brightness screen is displayed, the pupil diameter position at time t4, where it determines that the pupil diameter contraction ended later than the time t3 when the low-brightness screen was displayed, is set as the pupil diameter contraction end determination point 404, and when the pupil diameter begins to expand again, The position of the pupil diameter at the time t6 is defined as the pupil diameter re-expansion start determination point 405, the difference between the stable pupil diameter h in the display of the low-luminance screen and the stable pupil diameter r in the display of the high-luminance screen is defined as the maximum pupil diameter change amount K, the amount by which the pupil diameter changes from the pupil diameter contraction start determination point 403 to the pupil diameter contraction end determination point 404 is defined as the pupil diameter change contraction determination amount I, and when the high-luminance screen is displayed first, followed by the low-luminance screen, and then the high-luminance screen is displayed again according to the display pattern, the results when the high-luminance screen is displayed after the low-luminance screen are determined.When the difference between the pupil diameter n at point t9, when the pupil diameter continues to expand and reaches its peak, and the pupil diameter r is defined as the pupil diameter re-expansion amount N, the pupil diameter re-expansion rate A is determined based on the pupil diameter contraction start determination point 403 and the pupil diameter contraction end determination point 404, the pupil diameter re-expansion rate B is determined based on the pupil diameter re-expansion start determination point 405 and the pupil diameter position 406 at a predetermined time after the pupil diameter re-expansion has started, and the ratio of the pupil diameter change contraction determination amount I to the pupil diameter maximum change amount K is determined. The method is characterized by determining the pupil diameter contraction determination ratio U, determining the ratio of the pupil diameter re-expansion amount N to the maximum change in pupil diameter K as the pupil diameter re-expansion determination ratio U2, determining the pupil diameter contraction determination time E by subtracting the time t1 of the display of the high-brightness screen from the time t2 of the pupil diameter contraction start determination point 403, and determining the pupil diameter re-expansion determination time G by subtracting the time t4 of the pupil diameter contraction end determination point 404 from the time t6 of the pupil diameter re-expansion start determination point 405. Furthermore, one aspect of the present invention includes a display image control unit that changes the same or different display images displayed on a display unit corresponding to the left and right eyes of a subject; an eyeball imaging unit that simultaneously captures images of the left and right eyeballs of the subject who is visually viewing the display images with separate independent cameras; and a display pattern of the display image that displays a low-luminance screen to the left and right eyes of the subject until the pupil diameter stabilizes, then displays a high-luminance screen until the pupil diameter stabilizes, and then displays the low-luminance screen for a predetermined short period of time, thereby determining the change in pupil diameter over time of the left and right eyes of the subject captured by the eyeball imaging unit. The system includes a determination unit which determines the brain disease state or autonomic nervous system dysfunction state of the subject based on the changes over time, first data consisting of the pupil diameter contraction rate C, pupil diameter re-expansion rate D, and pupil diameter re-expansion determination ratio Y of the subject, and second data consisting of the pupil diameter contraction determination time V and pupil diameter re-expansion determination time O of the subject, and determines the brain disease state or autonomic nervous system dysfunction state of the subject based on the first data and the pupil diameter contraction rate C, pupil diameter re-expansion rate D, and pupil diameter re-expansion determination ratio Y of a healthy person, or based on the second data and the pupil diameter contraction determination time V and pupil diameter re-expansion determination time O of the healthy person, and the determination unit The unit determines that when the high-brightness screen is displayed, the pupil diameter position at time t11, when it is determined that the pupil diameter contraction started later than the time t10 of the high-brightness screen display, is set as the pupil diameter contraction start determination point 603, and the pupil diameter position at time t12, when it is determined that the pupil diameter contraction has finished, is set as the pupil diameter contraction end determination point 604. When the low-brightness screen is displayed after the high-brightness screen is displayed, the pupil diameter position at time t14, when it is determined that the pupil diameter has started to re-expand, is set as the pupil diameter re-expand start determination point 605, and the pupil diameter h is set to be stable when the low-brightness screen is displayed, and When displaying the high-brightness screen, the difference from the stable pupil diameter r is defined as the maximum pupil diameter change Q. When the high-brightness screen is displayed according to the display pattern, followed by the low-brightness screen, and then the high-brightness screen is displayed again, the difference between the pupil diameter o at the point t17 when the pupil diameter continues to expand and reaches its peak, and the pupil diameter r, when the high-brightness screen is displayed after the low-brightness screen, is defined as the pupil diameter re-expansion amount S. Based on the pupil diameter contraction start determination point 603 and the pupil diameter contraction end determination point 604, the pupil diameter contraction rate C is determined, and the pupil diameter re-expansion start determination point 605,The method is characterized by determining the pupil diameter re-expansion rate D based on the position 606 of the pupil diameter at a predetermined time after the re-expansion of the pupil diameter begins, determining the ratio of the pupil diameter re-expansion amount S to the maximum change in pupil diameter Q as the pupil diameter re-expansion determination ratio Y, determining the pupil diameter contraction determination time V by subtracting the time t10 of the display of the high-brightness screen from the time t11 of the pupil diameter contraction start determination point 603, and determining the pupil diameter re-expansion determination time O by subtracting the time t13 of the display of the low-brightness screen when the low-brightness screen is displayed after the high-brightness screen is displayed from the time t14 of the pupil diameter re-expansion start determination point 605.

[0010] The display pattern 、 For example 、 the brightness of the display for the left and right eyes of the subject 、 color 、 brightness, the movement of the perspective of the stereoscopic display image, the movement of the maze image, any one or two or more of them 、 vary. A typical specific example of the display pattern is 、 a white screen that shows a bright screen to the subject for a short time (for example, 1 second), or a black screen that shows a dark screen to the subject for a short time (for example, 4 seconds).

[0011] Examples of brain diseases are 、 epilepsy 、 Neurodegenerative diseases 、 Neural stem cell diseases 、 Neural progenitor cell diseases 、 ischemic disease 、 Neurological trauma 、 Emotional disorders 、 Neuropsychiatric disorders 、 Retinal degenerative diseases 、 Retinal damage / trauma 、 Cognitive, learning, and memory impairments 、 Alzheimer's disease 、 Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) 、 Parkinson's disease 、 Parkinson's syndrome 、 Huntington's disease 、 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) 、 ischemic stroke 、 Traumatic brain injury 、 depression 、 Bipolar depression / disorder 、 Chronic fatigue syndrome 、 Anxiety syndrome / disorder 、 autism 、 Alternatively, they may have Asperger's syndrome. An example of autonomic nervous system dysfunction is poor physical condition. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to this invention 、 By using a relatively simple device (for example, a device that can simultaneously capture images of the left and right eyeballs with separate cameras and simultaneously display identical or different images for the left and right eyes), 、 Is the subject suffering from a brain disease? 、 Is the brain disease severe? 、 We can provide a device that can determine whether a person is at high risk of developing the disease or has a severe state of autonomic nervous system dysfunction. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0013] [Figure 1] Image of a measuring instrument [Figure 2] Examples of changes in pupil diameter in subjects when exposed to high-intensity screens for short periods. [Figure 3] Brightness change of the display screen for pupil diameter change in Figure 2. [Figure 4] A model of pupil diameter changes in subjects when a high-brightness screen is displayed on the display screen for a short period of time. [Figure 5] Changes in display screen brightness due to pupil diameter change (Figure 4) [Figure 6] A model of pupil diameter changes in subjects when a high-brightness screen is displayed on the display screen for a short period of time. [Figure 7] Changes in display screen brightness due to pupil diameter change (Figure 6) [Figure 8] An example where the pupil diameters of the left and right pupils are diverging. [Figure 9] An example where the movement of the left and right pupils is not synchronized. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0014] below 、 Embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. This invention 、 The forms described below are not limited to those described below. 、 From the following forms, it will be obvious to a person skilled in the art. This includes versions that have been modified as appropriate within a reasonable scope. [Examples]

[0015] One of the multiple embodiments disclosed in this specification is 、 I have autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Examples of autonomic nervous system dysfunction include the assessment of poor physical condition in occupations where incorrect behavior is unacceptable from an occupational safety and health perspective, such as bus drivers, taxi drivers, large and long-haul truck drivers, train drivers, aircraft pilots, and other transportation operators, as well as construction site managers and workers, and factory machinery operators.

[0016] Examples of brain diseases are 、 epilepsy 、 Neurodegenerative diseases 、 Neural stem cell diseases 、 Neural progenitor cell diseases 、 ischemic disease、 Neurological trauma 、 Emotional disorders 、 Neuropsychiatric disorders 、 Retinal degenerative diseases 、 Retinal damage / trauma 、 Cognitive, learning, and memory impairments 、 Alzheimer's disease 、 Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) 、 Parkinson's disease 、 Parkinson's syndrome 、 Huntington's disease 、 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) 、 ischemic stroke 、 Traumatic brain injury 、 depression 、 Bipolar depression / disorder 、 Chronic fatigue syndrome 、 Anxiety syndrome / disorder 、 autism 、 Alternatively, they may have Asperger's syndrome.

[0017] This brain disorder / autonomic nervous system dysfunction diagnosis Device 1 is 、 Display image control unit 3 and 、 Ophthalmic Unit 5 and 、 It has a determination unit 7. The display image control unit 3 is 、 This is an element for changing the display image shown on the video display unit 4 based on the display pattern. An example of a display unit is shown. 、 This is a monitor screen.

[0018] This device 、 This can be implemented using a computer that is capable of exchanging information with imaging devices such as cameras. Information captured by cameras, etc. 、 The data may be input to the computer via a cable or similar means. Also 、 Shooting information 、 By wireless 、 It may be entered into a computer. Computers 、 Input / output section 、 control unit 、 Including the arithmetic unit and the memory unit 、Each element is designed to exchange information via buses, etc. Computers 、 Entered information 、 It is stored in the memory unit. 、 The computer's control unit 、 Read the control program stored in the memory unit. 、 The information you entered and 、 Using the information stored in the memory unit 、 The arithmetic unit is made to perform various calculations. The calculation result is 、 The data is stored in the memory unit 11 as appropriate. 、 via the input / output section 、 Output will be generated as needed. The calculation results may be displayed on the analysis results display unit.

[0019] The display pattern is 、 for example 、 brightness 、 color 、 Brightness, perspective changes in 3D images, maze images, spot-the-difference images - one or more of these are 、 It fluctuates based on a predetermined time pattern. A typical brightness change pattern is high brightness for a short period (e.g., 1 second). screen That is the case.

[0020] When the subject is shown a screen with changing brightness, as shown in Figure 3, via the video display unit 4 shown in Figure 1, the subject's pupil diameter changes as shown in Figure 2. In healthy individuals, the pupil diameter of both eyes shows the same change. The initial low-brightness screen displays the lowest brightness (e.g., 0 (nt)) screen on the video display unit 4 for a period of time until the pupil diameter stabilizes (e.g., 10 seconds or more). During this time, the pupil diameter of the subject is the maximum pupil diameter while viewing this display screen. and Yes. Subsequently, the subjects are shown a high-brightness screen (e.g., 100 nt) for a short period (e.g., 1 second). Then 、 The subject's pupil diameter begins to constrict with a delay. When a short period of high-brightness viewing ends and the display returns to brightness 0 (nt), the pupil diameter continues to constrict for a while, and then begins to dilate again. At that time, the pupil diameter moves in the same way as pupil dilation during dark adaptation, but since dark adaptation to viewing a dark screen is generally slower than light adaptation to viewing a bright screen, the pupil diameter shows a gradual dilation curve. After a few seconds (for example, 8 seconds), if the subject is shown the same brightness display screen as the initial short period of high brightness for the duration it takes for the subject's pupil diameter to stabilize (for example, 10 seconds or more), the subject's pupil diameter will be shown as it was during the high-brightness viewing period.

[0021] Figure 4 shows a model illustrating this change in pupil diameter. Based on this diagram, the change in pupil diameter can be explained as follows: The results are as follows: When the subject is shown a screen with brightness changes as shown in Figure 5 on the video display unit 4 shown in Figure 1, it will exhibit the change in pupil diameter shown in Figure 4, which is a model of the example in Figure 2. The initial low-brightness screen will be set to the lowest brightness level of the display screen. In this case, the display will show the time it takes for the pupil diameter to stabilize (e.g., 10 seconds or more). The pupil diameter at this time is the maximum pupil diameter h while viewing this screen. Subsequently, the subject is shown a high-brightness screen for a short period of time (e.g., 1 second) from t1 to t3. Then 、 The pupil diameter of the subject begins to constrict with a delay, but this delay is not detected. at that time Let t2 be the value of t2. at that time t2 is the point at which pupil dilation begins, and it is the point at which the pupil dilation amount L is reduced to, for example, 10%. Even after the short period of high brightness (t1 to t3) ends and the displayed image returns to the initial low brightness screen, the pupil diameter continues to constrict for a while, and in between ( at that time At t5, the pupil diameter is at its lowest point, and from there, it begins to dilate again. During this time, the pupil undergoes dark adaptation, but since dark adaptation generally slows down pupil diameter expansion compared to light adaptation, the pupil diameter exhibits a gently undulating curve of dilation. After a few seconds (for example, 6 seconds), if the subject is again shown a display screen with the same brightness as the initial short-term high-brightness display for a period of time when the pupil diameter stabilizes (for example, 10 seconds or more), the subject's original pupil diameter r in response to the high-brightness screen will be revealed.

[0022] When a high-brightness screen is displayed, healthy individuals 、 From the start of high-brightness screen display (t1) until the pupil diameter is determined to have begun to contract. ( t2 ) Time until (Pupil diameter constriction detection time) E is short. E = t2-t1 Also 、 The rate of pupil diameter contraction (Pupil diameter contraction rate) A is the pupil diameter i at the pupil diameter constriction start determination point 403 (for example, 10% above the pupil diameter constriction amount L), and the pupil diameter k at the pupil diameter constriction end determination point 404 (for example, 90% above the pupil diameter constriction amount L). at that time Change up to t4 (Determination amount for pupil diameter change and contraction) According to I, I=ik And so, At that time F 、 F = t⁴ - t² And so, Pupil diameter Contraction rate A is 、

[0023] A= I / F This is the result.

[0024] Judgment point for the start of pupil dilation again (Determination point for the start of pupil dilation again) 405 is also set as the 90th percentile from the top of the pupil diameter re-dilation amount M, and at that time Let t be 6, and its pupil diameter be s. but 、 The pupil dilation process is slow because it is a dark adaptation process, and unlike contraction, there is no linear phase. The time it takes to return to the initial pupil diameter h is also slow. For example, the pupil diameter at the midpoint m of the 50% point of pupil dilation M is slow. (position) 406 will be used as the point for determining pupil dilation again. 、 the at that time Let this be t7. As a result, the pupil diameter re-expansion determination amount J is 、 J=ms And so, The extended judgment time H is 、 H=t7 - t6 This is the result. Therefore, the rate of pupil dilation (Pupil diameter re-dilation rate) B is 、

[0025] B = J / H This is the result.

[0026] The maximum change in pupil diameter K of the subject is 、 K=hr That is the case. The ratio of the pupil diameter contraction determination amount I (=ik) due to short-term high-brightness screen exposure to the maximum pupil diameter change amount K of the subject. (Pupil diameter constriction judgment ratio) U is 、 U=I / K That is the case.

[0027] The same low-brightness screen as before at that time From t3 at that time When displayed up to t8 (for example, 6 seconds), the pupil diameter re-dilates, at that time Even after the low-brightness screen display ends at t8, the pupil diameter continues to dilate, and with a delay... at that time At t9, the pupil diameter reaches its peak, and that pupil diameter becomes n. The amount of pupil dilation N is n. -r . This pupil dilation re-expansion amount N is the ratio of the subject's maximum pupil dilation change amount K. (Pupil diameter re-dilation detection ratio) U2 、 U2=N / K This is the result.

[0028] Also, the display screen is at that time At t3, the screen returns to the same low brightness as the beginning, and the pupil diameter contraction termination determination point 404 at that time The pupil continues to constrict even after passing the T4 ray. at that time At t5, the pupil diameter reaches its lowest point and then expands again, but the point at which the re-expansion is judged is at that time Time until t6 (Time to determine if pupil diameter will re-expand)G can also be used as a scale to assess autonomic nervous system dysfunction. (The order of t3 and t4 may vary depending on the machine and the subject.) G = t6 - t4

[0029] From the above 、 A: Pupil diameter contraction speed B: Pupil diameter re-dilation speed U: Short-time high-brightness screen Pupil diameter change and contraction determination amount I The ratio of the maximum change in pupil diameter K of the subject (Pupil diameter constriction judgment ratio) U2: The ratio of pupil dilation re-expansion N to the maximum change in pupil diameter K of the subject. (Pupil diameter re-dilation detection ratio) When the subject differs from healthy individuals of the same age, or E: Pupil from the start of high-brightness screen diameter Time until contraction start detection (latency) (Pupil diameter constriction detection time) G: After the high-brightness screen display ends, the pupil diameter is Pupil dilation termination determination point After error 404 and the start of the first low-brightness screen, Pupil dilation re-initiation point Time until 405 (t6-t4) (Time to determine if pupil diameter will re-expand) When the subject differs from healthy individuals of the same age. 、 It can be determined that the patient is suffering from an illness or has a state of autonomic nervous system dysfunction.

[0030] On the other hand, another possible method for determining brain disease and autonomic nervous system dysfunction is to observe the pupil diameter of subjects when they are shown a low-luminance screen for a short period of time. Figure 6 shows a model of how the pupil diameter of a subject changes due to changes in brightness on the display screen shown in Figure 7. Based on this diagram, the change in pupil diameter can be explained as follows: The results are as follows:

[0031] When a subject is shown a display screen showing brightness changes as shown in Figure 7 on the video display unit 4 shown in Figure 1, the subject's pupil diameter will show the changes shown in Figure 6. The initial low-brightness screen will be displayed for the duration that the pupil diameter stabilizes (e.g., 10 seconds or more). The pupil diameter at this time is the maximum pupil diameter h while viewing this image. after that, at that timeThe high-intensity area is displayed from t10, and the pupil diameter of the subject is displayed for the time it takes for the pupil diameter to stabilize while viewing this high-intensity screen (e.g., 10 seconds or more). At this time, the subject's pupil diameter is the minimum pupil diameter r on this display screen. after that, at that time From t13 at that time A low-brightness screen with a t16 interval (e.g., 4 seconds) is displayed. The subject's pupil diameter begins to dilate with a delay, but the displayed screen... at that time Even with a high-brightness screen at T16, the pupil diameter continues to dilate for a while. at that time At t17, pupil dilation reaches its peak value of 0, after which it contracts.

[0032] In healthy individuals, the pupil diameter constriction is detected from the start of high-brightness screen display (t10) until the pupil diameter constriction begins. ( t11 ) Time until (Pupil diameter constriction detection time) V is shorter than in people with brain diseases or autonomic nervous system disorders. V = (t11 - t10) Also 、 The rate of pupil diameter contraction (Pupil diameter contraction rate) C is the pupil diameter Contraction start determination point 603 (e.g., pupil diameter) Maximum change Pupil diameter e and pupil at 10% of the above dose Q (=hr) diameter Contraction termination determination point 604 (e.g., pupil diameter) Maximum change The change in pupil diameter x from the top of quantity Q to 90% is R. R=ex, And so, the Pupil diameter The contraction time N2 is 、 N2 = t12 - t11 This is the result. Therefore, the pupil diameter contraction velocity C is 、

[0033] C = R / N² This is the result.

[0034] Judgment point for pupil diameter re-dilation (Pupil diameter) Re For example, 90% of the magnification amount S from above. (Pupil diameter re-dilation start point: 605) The pupil diameter value q for 605 and at that time T14 and the midpoint of pupil dilation (position)(pupil diameter Re 50% of the magnification S) 606 pupil diameter p and at that time In relation to t15, Pupil diameter Re Extended delay time (Time to determine if pupil diameter will re-expand) O is 、 O = t14 - t13 And so, Pupil diameter Re The extended judgment time P is 、 P = t15 - t14 And so, The pupil dilation determination amount W is 、 W=pq Therefore, The pupil diameter re-expansion rate D is 、 D = W / P This is the result.

[0035] The ratio of the amount of pupil dilation re-expanded S to the maximum change in pupil diameter Q. (Pupil diameter re-dilation detection ratio) Y is 、 Y=S / Q This is the result.

[0036] The reason the midpoint of pupil dilation was used as the standard for pupil dilation rate is that at this point, the subject's pupil diameter shows dark adaptation, and the pupil diameter during dark adaptation shows a bell-shaped curve of change, making the midpoint easy to determine. (position) 606 was used as the baseline and defined as the threshold for determining pupil dilation.

[0037] Based on the above, the average for healthy individuals of the same age as the subjects is C: Pupil diameter contraction rate D: Pupil diameter re-dilation rate Y : Pupil diameter Re Magnification S Maximum change in pupil diameter Q Ratio (Pupil diameter re-dilation detection ratio) When they are different, or V: Pupil from the start of the high-brightness screen diameter Time until contraction start detection (latency) (Pupil diameter constriction detection time) O: Pupil diameter re-dilation delay time (determination point for pupil diameter re-dilation start after low brightness screen starts) 605 (Time until) (Time to determine if pupil diameter will re-expand) When the subject differs from healthy individuals of the same age. 、 The subjects can be determined to be in a state of brain disease or autonomic nervous system dysfunction. 。

[0038] Furthermore, while the pupillary dilatation of the left and right eyes in healthy individuals is almost identical when exposed to short-term high-intensity screens, discrepancies in pupillary dilatation between the left and right eyes, as shown in Figure 8, or non-synchronized changes in pupillary dilatation between the left and right eyes, as shown in Figure 9, can also be interpreted as a brain disorder or autonomic nervous system dysfunction. [Industrial applicability]

[0039] According to this invention 、 By using a relatively simple device (for example, a device that can simultaneously capture images of the left and right eyeballs with separate cameras and simultaneously display identical or different images for the left and right eyes), 、 Is the subject suffering from a brain disease? 、 Is the brain disease severe? 、 We can provide a device that can determine whether a person is at high risk of developing the disease or the degree of autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Examples of brain diseases are 、 epilepsy 、 Neurodegenerative diseases 、 Neural stem cell diseases 、 Neural progenitor cell diseases 、 ischemic disease 、 Neurological trauma 、 Emotional disorders 、 Neuropsychiatric disorders 、 Retinal degenerative diseases 、 Retinal damage / trauma 、 Cognitive, learning, and memory impairments 、 Alzheimer's disease 、 Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) 、 Parkinson's disease 、 Parkinson's syndrome 、 Huntington's disease 、 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) 、 ischemic stroke 、 Traumatic brain injury 、depression 、 Bipolar depression / disorder 、 Chronic fatigue syndrome 、 Anxiety syndrome / disorder 、 autism 、 Alternatively, they may have Asperger's syndrome. Industrial applications of autonomic nervous system dysfunction assessment include determining the physical condition of individuals engaged in occupations where incorrect behavior is unacceptable from an occupational safety and health perspective, such as bus drivers, taxi drivers, large and long-haul truck drivers, train drivers, aircraft pilots, and other transportation operators, as well as construction site managers and workers, and factory machinery operators. [Explanation of symbols]

[0040] 1. Diagnostic device 2 Eyepiece 3. Display Image Control Unit 4. Video display unit 5. Ophthalmoscopy Department 6. Measuring Instrument Control Unit 7 Judgment section 8. Luminance meter 9 Arithmetic section 10. Analysis Result Display Unit 11 storage section 400 Pupil diameter changes during short-term high-brightness screen display 401 Vertical axis: Pupil diameter (mm) 402 Horizontal axis: Elapsed time 403 Pupil diameter The point at which contraction begins (e.g., the top 10% of the change in pupil diameter) 404 Pupil diameter Contraction termination point (e.g., 90% of the change in pupil diameter) 405 Pupil diameter re-dilation start determination point 406 The point at which the pupil diameter re-expands to 50% of M. (position) 407 Curve of change in pupil diameter h Pupil diameter of the subject on a low-brightness screen before displaying a high-brightness screen. i. Pupil dilatation start determination value (for example, the top 10% point of "Pupil dilatation amount L") j Minimum value during pupillary constriction k Pupil dilatation rate termination point (for example, the 90th percentile from the top of pupil dilatation rate "L") r Minimum pupil diameter (pupil diameter at brightness levels equivalent to a high-brightness screen) m: Midpoint of pupil dilation re-expansion (50% point of pupil dilation amount "M") n Re-enlarged pupil diameter s Pupil diameter re-dilation start judgment value (90% of the upper limit of pupil diameter re-dilation amount "M") A. Pupil dilatation rate of the subject B. Pupil re-dilation rate of subjects E From the start of high-brightness screen display to pupil diameter Time until contraction start detection (latency) (Pupil diameter constriction detection time) F Pupil dilation detection time (=t4-t2) G. Pupil dilation end Pupil dilation again after the diagnosis. start Time until (=t6-t4) (Time to determine if pupil diameter will re-expand) H Pupil diameter expansion judgment time (t7-t6) I. Change in pupil diameter during pupil constriction in the subject. (Pupil diameter change and contraction determination amount I) J Pupil diameter re-enlargement judgment amount K: Maximum change in pupil diameter of the subject L Pupil diameter contraction amount M Pupil diameter re-expansion amount N: The amount of pupil dilation (=n) from the pupil diameter r at the time of the last high-brightness screen display. U Short-time high-brightness screen Pupil diameter change and contraction determination amount I The ratio of the maximum change in pupil diameter K of the subject (Pupil diameter constriction judgment ratio) U2: Ratio of pupil dilation re-expansion N to the maximum change in pupil diameter K in the subject. (Pupil diameter re-dilation detection ratio) t1 When high-brightness screen display starts t2: When pupil dilation begins to be determined. t3 When high-brightness screen display ends t4 Pupil diameter constriction completion determination T5: When pupil dilation has finished. t6 The point at which the pupil diameter re-dilation reaches, for example, 90% above the "M" mark. t7 Midpoint of pupil dilation (for example, 50% of the pupil dilation amount "M") t8 When the low-brightness screen ends again t9 When pupil diameter is at its maximum again 600 Pupil diameter changes during short-term low-brightness screen display 601 Vertical axis: Pupil diameter (mm) 602 Horizontal axis: Elapsed time 603 Pupil diameter Contraction start determination point (e.g., pupil diameter) maximum (10% of the change in Q) 604 Pupil diameter contraction termination determination point (e.g., pupil diameter maximum 90% of the change in Q 605 Pupil diameter re-dilation start determination point 606 The point at which pupil diameter re-dilation reaches 50%. (position) 607 Curve of change in pupil diameter e. Pupil diameter contraction start determination value (e.g., pupil diameter Maximum change (10% point from the top of quantity Q) h Pupil diameter of the subject on a low-brightness screen before displaying a high-brightness screen. p is the midpoint of pupil dilation re-expansion (50% of pupil dilation amount S). q Pupil diameter re-dilation judgment value (90% of the upper limit of pupil diameter re-dilation amount S) r Minimum value during pupillary constriction x Pupil diameter contraction termination determination value (e.g., pupil diameter) Maximum change (90th percentile from the top of quantity Q) C. Pupil dilation rate of the subject D. Pupil re-dilation rate of subjects V Time from high-brightness screen display to pupil dilation detection (latency) (=t11-t10) (Pupil diameter constriction detection time) N2 Pupil dilation time (=t12-t11) O From the start of low brightness display to pupil diameter Time until re-expansion is determined (latency) (=t14-t13) (Time to determine if pupil diameter will re-expand) P Pupil diameter re-expansion determination time (pupil diameter Re (50% point of the expansion amount S) (= t15 - t14) Q Pupil diameter Maximum change amount R Pupil dilation determination amount (=ex) S Pupil diameter Re Magnification amount (=or) W: Pupil dilation detection amount (=pq) Y pupil diameter Re Magnification S Maximum change in pupil diameter Q Ratio (Pupil diameter re-dilation detection ratio) t10 When high-brightness screen display starts t11 When pupil dilation begins to be determined t12 When pupil dilation has finished is determined. t13 Low-brightness screen display starts t14 When determining the start of pupil dilation (pupil diameter) Re expansion amount (For example, when it reaches 90% from the top of S) t15 When determining pupil dilation (pupil diameter) Re expansion amount (For example, when it reaches 50% from the top of S) t16 When high-brightness screen display starts t17 At the peak of pupil dilation

Claims

1. A display image control unit that changes the same or different display images displayed on the display unit in accordance with the left and right eyes of the subject, An eyeball imaging unit that simultaneously captures images of the left and right eyeballs of the subject who is visually viewing the displayed image using separate, independent cameras, After displaying a low-luminance screen to the left and right eyes of the subject until the pupil diameter stabilizes, a predetermined short-term high-luminance screen is displayed, and then the low-luminance screen is displayed. Using this display pattern of the displayed image, the change in pupil diameter over time of the left and right eyes of the subject, as captured by the eye imaging unit, is determined. From the change in pupil diameter over time, first data consisting of the pupil diameter contraction rate A, pupil diameter re-expansion rate B, pupil diameter contraction judgment ratio U, and pupil diameter re-expansion judgment ratio U2 of the subject is obtained, and second data consisting of the pupil diameter contraction judgment time E and pupil diameter re-expansion judgment time G of the subject is obtained. The system includes a determination unit that determines the brain disease state or autonomic nervous system dysfunction state of the subject based on the first data and the pupil diameter contraction rate A, pupil diameter re-expansion rate B, pupil diameter contraction determination ratio U, and pupil diameter re-expansion determination ratio U2 of a healthy person, or based on the second data and the pupil diameter contraction determination time E and pupil diameter re-expansion determination time G of the healthy person, The determination unit, When the high-brightness screen is displayed after the low-brightness screen, the pupil diameter position at time t2, which is determined to have started later than the time t1 of the high-brightness screen display, is defined as the pupil diameter contraction start determination point 403. When the low-luminance screen is displayed after the high-luminance screen, the pupil diameter position at time t4, when it is determined that the pupil diameter contraction has finished later than the time t3 when the low-luminance screen was displayed, is defined as the pupil diameter contraction completion determination point 404, and the pupil diameter position at time t6, when it is determined that the pupil diameter re-expansion has started, is defined as the pupil diameter re-expansion start determination point 405. The difference between the stable pupil diameter h when displaying the low-brightness screen and the stable pupil diameter r when displaying the high-brightness screen is defined as the maximum pupil diameter change K. The amount by which the pupil diameter changes from the pupil diameter contraction start determination point 403 to the pupil diameter contraction end determination point 404 is defined as the pupil diameter change contraction determination amount I. If the high-brightness screen is displayed using the above display pattern, followed by the low-brightness screen, and then the high-brightness screen is displayed again, and the difference between the pupil diameter n at the point t9 when the pupil diameter continues to expand and reaches its peak, and the pupil diameter r, is defined as the pupil diameter re-expansion amount N, Based on the pupil diameter contraction start determination point 403 and the pupil diameter contraction end determination point 404, the pupil diameter contraction speed A is determined. Based on the pupil diameter re-expansion start determination point 405 and the pupil diameter position 406 at a predetermined time after the pupil diameter re-expansion has started, the pupil diameter re-expansion speed B is determined. The ratio of the pupil diameter contraction determination amount I to the maximum pupil diameter change amount K is determined as the pupil diameter contraction determination ratio U. The ratio of the pupil diameter re-expansion amount N to the maximum pupil diameter change amount K is determined as the pupil diameter re-expansion determination ratio U2. The pupil diameter constriction determination time E is obtained by subtracting the time t1 of the display of the high-brightness screen from the time t2 of the pupil diameter constriction start determination point 403. The apparatus is characterized by determining the pupil diameter re-expansion determination time G by subtracting the time t4 of the pupil diameter contraction termination determination point 404 from the time t6 of the pupil diameter re-expansion start determination point 405.

2. A display image control unit that changes the same or different display images displayed on the display unit in accordance with the left and right eyes of the subject, An eyeball imaging unit that simultaneously captures images of the left and right eyeballs of the subject who is visually viewing the displayed image using separate, independent cameras, After displaying a low-luminance screen to the left and right eyes of the subject until the pupil diameter stabilizes, a high-luminance screen is displayed until the pupil diameter stabilizes, and then the low-luminance screen is displayed for a predetermined short period of time. Using this display pattern of the displayed image, the change in pupil diameter over time of the left and right eyes of the subject, as captured by the eye imaging unit, is determined. From the change in pupil diameter over time, first data consisting of the pupil diameter contraction rate C, pupil diameter re-expansion rate D, and pupil diameter re-expansion judgment ratio Y of the subject is obtained, and second data consisting of the pupil diameter contraction judgment time V and pupil diameter re-expansion judgment time O of the subject is obtained. The system includes a determination unit that determines the brain disease state or autonomic nervous system dysfunction state of the subject based on the first data and the pupillary dilation rate C, pupillary re-dilation rate D, and pupillary re-dilation determination ratio Y of a healthy person, or based on the second data and the pupillary dilation determination time V and pupillary re-dilation determination time O of the healthy person, The determination unit, When the high-brightness screen is displayed, the pupil diameter position at time t11, when it is determined that the pupil diameter contraction started later than the time t10 of the display of the high-brightness screen, is defined as the pupil diameter contraction start determination point 603, and the pupil diameter position at time t12, when it is determined that the pupil diameter contraction has finished, is defined as the pupil diameter contraction end determination point 604. The position of the pupil diameter at the time t14 when it is determined that the pupil diameter has started to re-expand after the high-brightness screen has been displayed is defined as the pupil diameter re-expanding start determination point 605. The difference between the stable pupil diameter h in the low-brightness display and the stable pupil diameter r in the high-brightness display is defined as the maximum pupil diameter change Q. If, after displaying the high-brightness screen using the aforementioned display pattern, the low-brightness screen is displayed, and then the high-brightness screen is displayed again, the difference between the pupil diameter o and the pupil diameter r at the point t17 when the pupil diameter continues to expand and reaches its peak after the low-brightness screen is displayed is defined as the pupil diameter re-expansion amount S. Based on the pupil diameter contraction start determination point 603 and the pupil diameter contraction end determination point 604, the pupil diameter contraction rate C is determined. Based on the pupil diameter re-expansion start determination point 605 and the pupil diameter position 606 at a predetermined time after the pupil diameter re-expansion has started, the pupil diameter re-expansion speed D is determined. The ratio of the pupil diameter re-expansion amount S to the maximum pupil diameter change amount Q is determined as the pupil diameter re-expansion determination ratio Y. The pupil diameter contraction determination time V is obtained by subtracting the time t10 of the display of the high-brightness screen from the time t11 of the pupil diameter contraction start determination point 603. The apparatus is characterized by determining the pupil diameter re-expansion determination time O by subtracting the time t13 when the low-luminance screen is displayed after the high-luminance screen is displayed from the time t14 of the pupil diameter re-expansion start determination point 605.

3. In the apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, The brain diseases in the aforementioned brain disease state are defined as epilepsy, neurodegenerative diseases, neural stem cell diseases, neural progenitor cell diseases, ischemic diseases, neurological trauma, emotional disorders, neuropsychiatric disorders, retinal degenerative diseases, retinal damage / trauma, cognitive / learning / memory impairments, Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's syndrome, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, depression, bipolar depression / disorder, chronic fatigue syndrome, anxiety syndrome / disorder, autism, or Asperger's syndrome. A device characterized in that the autonomic nervous system dysfunction in the aforementioned state of autonomic nervous system dysfunction is defined as poor physical condition.

4. A program for causing a computer to function as the device described in claim 1 or 2.

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