Circuit breaker, power supply system, control device, method for determining set values, and program

Abstract

This breaking device to be used for a power supply system comprises a current detection unit and a breaking unit, wherein when the direction of a current measured by the current detection unit is a first direction, the breaking unit shuts off the current on the basis of a first setting value, or when the direction of the current measured by the current detection unit is a second direction, the breaking unit shuts off the current on the basis of a second setting value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the protection coordination of a power supply system.

Background Art

[0002] Generally, in a power supply system, by appropriately setting the setting values such as the sensitivity and operating time of circuit breakers, protection coordination is taken to quickly isolate the accident location and protect other healthy circuits when an accident occurs.

[0003] For example, when a short circuit occurs in a power line portion near a load connected to the end of a power supply system, usually, a very large short circuit current flows through the power line, so the circuit breaker operates instantaneously and the short circuit location is disconnected from the power source.

[0004] On the other hand, in recent years, the introduction of a ring-type power supply system has been promoted everywhere (for example, Non-Patent Document 1). A ring-type power supply system is a power supply system in which various power sources (such as solar power generation (PV)), storage batteries, electric vehicles (EVs), etc. are connected in a ring shape by power lines. In such a power supply system, protection coordination is achieved by "cascade interruption" using a plurality of circuit breakers. Cascade interruption is a mechanism in which, in an electrical system where an accident has occurred, circuit breakers are set to interrupt in order from the lower (load side) equipment to minimize the power outage range.

Prior Art Documents

Non-Patent Documents

[0005]

Non-Patent Document 1

Patent Documents

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2012-49616 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0007] As described above, a battery is generally connected to a ring-type power supply system. However, since a battery acts as a higher power source during discharge and as a lower load during charging, the direction and path of the current are not uniquely determined in a power supply system connected to a battery.

[0008] Therefore, it was difficult to achieve protective coordination in ring-type power supply systems connected to batteries. It should be noted that this issue is not limited to ring-type power supply systems, but can occur in all power supply systems connected to batteries.

[0009] This invention has been made in view of the above points, and aims to provide a technology that enables appropriate protection coordination in a power supply system to which a storage battery is connected. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] According to the disclosed technology, a circuit breaker used in a power supply system, Current detection unit, It includes a blocking section, The aforementioned blocking section is When the direction of the current measured by the current detection unit is the first direction, the current is interrupted based on the first setting value. If the direction of the current measured by the current detection unit is the second direction, the current is interrupted based on the second setting value. A circuit breaker is provided. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] The disclosed technology provides a method for enabling proper protection coordination in a power supply system to which a battery is connected.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0012] [Figure 1] It is a configuration diagram of a star-shaped power supply system. [Figure 2] It is a configuration diagram of a ring-shaped power supply system. [Figure 3] It is a diagram showing an overall configuration example of the power supply system. [Figure 4] It is a diagram for explaining the general operation of the circuit breaker. [Figure 5] It is a diagram for explaining the general operation of the circuit breaker. [Figure 6] It is a functional configuration diagram of the circuit breaker. [Figure 7] It is a functional configuration diagram of the circuit breaker. [Figure 8] It is a diagram showing a detailed configuration example of the circuit breaker. [Figure 9] It is a diagram showing an example of setting values for the circuit breaker. [Figure 10] It is a flowchart for explaining an operation example of the circuit breaker. [Figure 11] It is a diagram for explaining Example 1. [Figure 12] It is a diagram for explaining Example 2. [Figure 13] It is a diagram for explaining Example 3. [Figure 14] It is a diagram for explaining Example 3. [Figure 15] It is a diagram for explaining Example 4. [Figure 16] It is a diagram for explaining Example 4. [Figure 17] It is a diagram for explaining Example 5. [Figure 18] It is a diagram for explaining Example 5. [Figure 19] It is a diagram for explaining Example 6. [Figure 20] It is a diagram for explaining Example 6. [Figure 21] It is a functional configuration diagram of the control device 100. [Figure 22] This figure shows an example of the hardware configuration of the control device 100. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0013] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention (this embodiment) will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiments described below are merely examples, and the embodiments to which the present invention is applied are not limited to the embodiments described below.

[0014] The embodiments described below illustrate an example of applying the technology according to the present invention to a ring-type power supply system. However, the application of the technology according to the present invention is not limited to ring-type power supply systems. For example, the technology according to the present invention can also be applied to a mesh-type power supply system.

[0015] Furthermore, although the power supply system described below is a DC power supply system, the application of the technology according to the present invention is not limited to DC power supply systems.

[0016] (Regarding the issues) Conventional power supply systems include, for example, star-type and ring-type power supply systems. Star-type power supply systems are mainly used for supplying power indoors. Ring-type power supply systems are used not only for supplying power indoors but also for supplying power to outdoor equipment such as EVs.

[0017] Figure 1 shows an example of a star-shaped power supply system configuration. The power supply system shown in Figure 1 is a one-way power supply system that provides power from customer building A to customer buildings B, C, and D.

[0018] As shown in Figure 1, this power supply system has circuit breakers installed in each system. This allows only the circuit breaker in the faulty system to open when a short-circuit fault occurs in one system, thus isolating the short-circuit point from the circuit. The example in Figure 1 shows a case where a short-circuit fault occurs in the system to which customer building D is connected. With this mechanism, protective coordination is not necessary. Examples of circuit breakers that can be used include fuses, circuit breakers (CBs), and DC circuit breakers. Examples of DC circuit breakers include mechanical circuit breakers, semiconductor circuit breakers (which can also be called semiconductor circuit breakers), and hybrid circuit breakers that are a hybrid of mechanical and semiconductor types.

[0019] Figure 2 shows an example of a ring-shaped power supply system configuration. As shown in Figure 2, this power supply system is a system in which various power sources (such as solar power generation (PV)), storage batteries, electric vehicles (EVs), etc., are connected in a ring shape by power lines.

[0020] This power supply system is equipped with multiple circuit breakers. Protective coordination is achieved through "cascade interruption," which consists of multiple circuit breakers. As mentioned above, cascade interruption is a mechanism that, in the event of an electrical fault, sets the circuit breakers to interrupt the equipment in order from the lower (load side) equipment, thereby minimizing the extent of the power outage. In cascade interruption, the circuit breakers connected lower down need to interrupt the current faster (in a shorter time after the fault occurs) than the circuit breakers connected higher up.

[0021] In conventional technology, as shown in Figure 2, based solely on the arrangement of the circuit breakers on the power supply system, it is conceivable to set the upper circuit breaker 1 and the lower circuit breaker 2 with set values ​​(e.g., current value, voltage value, time (duration), etc.) so that the lower circuit breaker 2 trips before the upper circuit breaker 1.

[0022] However, in a typical ring-type power supply system, the battery acts as a higher power source during discharge and a lower load during charging. Therefore, the direction and path of the current are not uniquely determined in a power supply system connected to a battery. Consequently, it is difficult to set the circuit breaker settings using the "cascade interruption" concept during the design phase to ensure protective coordination.

[0023] The following describes the configuration and operation of the system that solves the above problems.

[0024] (Example system configuration) Figure 3 shows an example of the configuration of the power supply control system in this embodiment. As shown in Figure 3, the power supply control system in this embodiment comprises a power supply system 200 and a control device 100. Note that in this embodiment, the control device 100 may be omitted. The operation using the control device 100 will be explained after the explanation of the operation by the circuit breaker.

[0025] The power supply system 200 has a configuration in which each consumer is connected by a power line to a ring-shaped power line. Hereinafter, the ring-shaped power line may be referred to as the "bus," and the power lines connecting the consumers to the bus may be referred to as "branch lines." Each consumer may be a load, a storage battery, a renewable energy power generation device, an EV (electric vehicle), etc. However, in this embodiment, it is assumed that at least one of the multiple consumers is a storage battery.

[0026] In this embodiment, three circuit breakers are provided near the branching point of the power line. In the example shown in Figure 3, one circuit breaker is provided on the branch line connecting the branching point and the consumer, and two circuit breakers are provided on the bus, flanking the branching point. However, this arrangement is just one example. For example, a circuit breaker may not be provided on a branch line to which a consumer that is certain not to be on the load side (current inflow side) is connected.

[0027] Each circuit breaker in this embodiment is capable of interrupting current in either of the two directions through which current flows. Each circuit breaker can perform an interruption operation based on a setting value (e.g., current value, voltage value, time delay, etc.) corresponding to the direction of the current flowing through it.

[0028] (Operation overview) This section describes the operation of a circuit breaker that performs its tripping operation using different setting values ​​depending on the direction of the current. In this embodiment, the circuit breaker is set to a setting value corresponding to the direction of the current flowing through it. For example, if there are two current directions, A and B, a setting value corresponding to direction A and a setting value corresponding to direction B are set. An example of operation is described below.

[0029] An example of the power supply system in this operational example is shown in Figure 4. The power supply system shown in Figure 4 has a configuration in which consumers A to D are connected to a ring-shaped power line (bus). In the following explanation, when assigning symbols to circuit breakers, the symbols "X" or "Y" will be used for circuit breakers on the bus, and the symbols "Z" will be used for circuit breakers on branch lines.

[0030] Here, we will focus on circuit breaker 300Z on the branch line to which customer C (battery) is connected, and circuit breakers 300X and 300Y on either side of the branch point where the branch line to which customer C (battery) is connected intersects with the bus. Figure 5 shows an excerpt of this section.

[0031] The circuit breaker 300Z uses different settings depending on whether the current flows from the bus side to the customer C side (direction A in Figure 5) or from the customer C side to the bus side (direction B in Figure 5).

[0032] For example, when circuit breaker 300Z detects that current is flowing in direction A on the power line passing through it, it decides to use 30A as the setting value, and when circuit breaker 300Z detects that the current in direction A is 30A or more, it interrupts the current.

[0033] For example, when circuit breaker 300Z detects that current is flowing in direction B on the power line passing through it, it decides to use 40A as the setting value, and when circuit breaker 300Z detects that the current in direction B has become 40A or more, it interrupts the current.

[0034] Furthermore, the phrase "the circuit breaker interrupts the current" can also be rephrased as "the circuit breaker turns OFF," "the circuit breaker operates," "the circuit breaker opens the circuit," or "the circuit breaker opens the circuit."

[0035] In conjunction with the circuit breaker 300Z, which determines / sets the setting value according to the direction of the current, the circuit breakers 300X and 300Y can also each determine / set different setting values ​​according to the direction of the current.

[0036] Furthermore, the same setting value may be set for multiple current directions for each of the circuit breakers 300X and 300Y. For example, the setting value for each of the circuit breakers 300X and 300Y may be set to 35A, regardless of the direction of the current.

[0037] Note that the above example uses three different setting values, but these are just examples. There is no limit to the number of setting values; any setting value can be used. Also, using the current value (magnitude of the current) as a setting value is one example.

[0038] A specific example will be explained with reference to Figure 4. When each of the above circuit breakers performs the above operation, for example, when current flows in the direction indicated by route i, each circuit breaker on route i uses the following setting value for the current direction of route i.

[0039] Circuit breaker 300Z: 30A Circuit breaker 300X: 35A In this case, circuit breaker 300Z will interrupt the current when it detects that the current in the direction of route i exceeds 30A. Circuit breaker 300X will interrupt the current when it detects that the current in the direction of route i exceeds 35A. In this case, for example, if a short circuit occurs between customer C and circuit breaker 300Z, it can be expected that circuit breaker 300Z will interrupt the current before circuit breaker 300X. By interrupting the current before circuit breaker 300X, the fault location can be isolated more quickly on the downstream side (load side, the side where the current flows in).

[0040] Furthermore, in the example shown in Figure 4, if current flows in the direction indicated by route ii, the circuit breakers on route ii should use the following setting values.

[0041] Circuit breaker 300Z: 40A, Circuit breaker 300Y: 35A In this case, circuit breaker 300Y will interrupt the current when it detects that the current in the direction of route ii exceeds 35A. Circuit breaker 300Z will interrupt the current when it detects that the current in the direction of route ii exceeds 40A. In this case, for example, if a short circuit occurs on the side in which the current in route ii flows out of circuit breaker 300Y, it can be expected that circuit breaker 300Y will interrupt the current before circuit breaker 300Z.

[0042] As described above, based on the direction of current flow, the settings for each circuit breaker are configured such that the lower-level circuit breaker (load side, current inflow side) interrupts the current faster (in a shorter time after an accident occurs) than the upper-level circuit breaker (power source side, current outflow side), thus enabling "cascaded interruption" for each current route.

[0043] (Example of circuit breaker configuration) Figure 6 shows an example of the configuration of the circuit breaker 300 in this embodiment. As shown in Figure 6, the circuit breaker 300 in this embodiment has a breaking unit 310, a current detection unit 320, a breaking unit 330, and a control unit 340. Both the breaking units 310 and 330 turn the current ON / OFF (open / cut) according to a control signal from the control unit 340 based on the current detected by the current detection unit 320. Note that the circuit breaker may also be called a "breaking device".

[0044] The interruption unit 310 interrupts current in one direction (e.g., direction A as shown in Figure 6), and the interruption unit 330 interrupts current in the opposite direction (e.g., direction B as shown in Figure 6). The control unit 340 determines the setting value to be used based on the current measurement result (direction of current). The control unit 340 also transmits a control signal to the interruption units 310 / 330 to instruct them to interrupt the current, etc., based on the current measurement result and the setting value corresponding to the direction of the current. The control unit 340 may also be equipped with a communication function for communicating with the control device 100.

[0045] Note that the example in Figure 6 includes two interruption sections, interruption section 310 and interruption section 330, but this is just one example. A configuration with one interruption section instead of two may also be used. An example of a circuit breaker 300 with one interruption section 350 is shown in Figure 7. In the example shown in Figure 7, the circuit breaker 300 includes a current detection unit 320, a control unit 340, and an interruption section 350. The current detection unit 320 and the control unit 340 are the same as those shown in Figure 6. Note that in Figures 6 and 7, the control unit 340 may be located outside the circuit breaker 300.

[0046] The interruption unit 350 has the functions of both the interruption unit 310 and the interruption unit 330 shown in Figure 6. Note that the "interruption unit 310 and interruption unit 330" shown in Figure 6 may be considered as the "interruption unit 350".

[0047] The interruption units 310 / 330 / 350 can be implemented in any manner. For example, the interruption units 310 / 330 can be implemented using semiconductor circuit breakers, relays, or electromagnetic contactors.

[0048] As a specific example, Figure 8 shows an example of the configuration of a circuit breaker 300 when a semiconductor circuit breaker is used in the interruption section 310 / 330. In the example in Figure 8, the interruption section 310 includes a capacitor 311, a transistor 312, and a diode 313. The current detection section 320 includes a current sensor 321. The interruption section 330 includes a diode 331, a transistor 332, and a capacitor 333.

[0049] Transistors 312 and 332 are, for example, MOSFETs. Current sensor 321 is, for example, a Hall element, a shunt resistor, etc. Note that using capacitors / diodes in the parts shown in 311, 313, 331, and 333 is just one example, and elements other than capacitors / diodes may be used in these parts.

[0050] The control unit 340 includes a measurement unit 341, a calculation unit 342, and a control processing unit 343. The measurement unit 341, the calculation unit 342, and the control processing unit 343 may all be implemented as hardware circuits, or they may be implemented by having a computer consisting of a CPU and memory execute a program.

[0051] The measurement unit 341 measures the current value based on the current flowing through the positive and negative poles detected by the current sensor 321. The detection of current by the current sensor 321 can also be expressed as the current sensor 321 measuring the current.

[0052] The calculation unit 342 determines a setting value to be used for tripping control in the tripping unit 310 / 330 based on the current measurement result (specifically, the direction of the current) from the measurement unit 341, and holds (sets) that setting value.

[0053] Furthermore, the calculation unit 342 compares the current value (magnitude of current), which is the current measurement result from the measurement unit 341, with the set value. When it detects that the current value > set value, it sends a signal to the control processing unit 343. This signal instructs the control processing unit 343 to control the ON / OFF state of the circuit breaker.

[0054] The control processing unit 343 controls the ON / OFF status of each blockage unit based on signals from the calculation unit 342.

[0055] As mentioned above, in the example shown in Figure 5, circuit breakers (a) (circuit breakers 300X, Y) and circuit breaker (b) (circuit breaker 300Z) each determine the applicable setting value according to the direction of the current, as shown in Figure 9. As a result, circuit breaker 300Z opens the circuit when the current value is 30A or more when the current flows in direction A, and when the current value is 40A or more when the current flows in direction B.

[0056] As mentioned above, the circuit breaker used in this embodiment is not limited to a semiconductor circuit breaker as shown in Figure 8. For example, a circuit breaker that interrupts based on a signal from an overcurrent relay (OCR) may be used as the circuit breaker in this embodiment. In this case, a circuit breaker that includes "an overcurrent relay and a circuit breaker that interrupts based on a signal from the overcurrent relay" can be used as the circuit breaker provided in the power supply system in this embodiment.

[0057] Even when using an overcurrent relay in this way, the method for determining the setting value (tap value, lever position, etc.) is basically the same as the method described above. For example, the overcurrent relay is equipped with a control unit 340, which determines the setting value based on the direction of the current and performs tripping control based on that setting value.

[0058] (Example of operation) Next, we will explain a specific example of the operation of circuit breaker 300Z following the steps in the flowchart in Figure 10. Here, we assume that circuit breaker 300Z has the configuration shown in Figures 6 and 8. The operation will be similar even if the circuit breaker shown in Figure 7 is used.

[0059] In S1, basic data is input to the control unit 340 of the circuit breaker 300Z. The input basic data is stored, for example, in the data storage unit (memory, etc.) of the control unit 340. For example, the following setting value 1 and setting value 2 are input as basic data.

[0060] • Setting value 1: Setting value when current flows from the bus side to the consumer side (direction A). • Setting value 2: Setting value when current flows from the consumer side to the bus side (direction B). In S2, the measurement unit 341 uses the current detection unit 320 to measure the direction and magnitude of the current passing through the circuit breaker 300Z, and passes the current measurement results to the calculation unit 342.

[0061] In S3, the calculation unit 342 determines the direction of current flow based on the current measurement result. If it is in direction A, proceed to S4; otherwise, proceed to S9.

[0062] In S4, the calculation unit 342 sets the setting value 1 as the setting value to be used for tripping determination. In S5, the measurement unit 341 uses the current detection unit 320 to measure the direction and magnitude of the current passing through the circuit breaker 300Z, and passes the current measurement result to the calculation unit 342.

[0063] In S6, the calculation unit 342 determines the direction of current flow based on the current measurement result. If it is in direction A, proceed to S7; otherwise, proceed to S9.

[0064] In S7, if the calculation unit 342 detects that "current value > setting value 1", it proceeds to S8; otherwise, it returns to S5. In S8, the control processing unit 343 turns OFF the interruption units 310 / 330.

[0065] In S9, the calculation unit 342 sets the setting value 2 as the setting value to be used for tripping determination. In S10, the measurement unit 341 uses the current detection unit 320 to measure the direction and magnitude of the current passing through the circuit breaker 300Z, and passes the current measurement result to the calculation unit 342.

[0066] In S11, the calculation unit 342 determines the direction of current flow based on the current measurement result. If it is in direction B, proceed to S12; otherwise, proceed to S4.

[0067] In S12, if the calculation unit 342 detects that "current value > setting value 2", it proceeds to S8; otherwise, it returns to S10.

[0068] Next, we will describe specific examples of the setting values ​​set in each circuit breaker, specifically in Examples 1 to 6.

[0069] (Example 1) First, let's explain Example 1 with reference to Figure 11. In Example 1, as shown in Figure 11, there are two customers, A and B, connected by a power line, and circuit breakers 300E and 300F are provided between customer A and customer B. Figure 11(a) shows the case where the current flows from customer A to customer B (referred to as direction A), and Figure 11(b) shows the case where the current flows from customer B to customer A (referred to as direction B).

[0070] As shown in Figure 11, for circuit breaker 300E, 11A is set as the setting value for direction A and 3A is set as the setting value for direction B. Similarly, for circuit breaker 300F, 3A is set as the setting value for direction A and 11A is set as the setting value for direction B.

[0071] In the case shown in Figure 11(a), a short circuit occurs on the customer B side, generating a large current in direction A. Circuit breaker 300F, which has the smaller setting value corresponding to direction A, operates before circuit breaker 300E, allowing the current to be interrupted more quickly on the side closer to the short circuit point.

[0072] In the case shown in Figure 11(b), a short circuit occurs on the consumer A side, generating a large current in direction B. Circuit breaker 300E, which has the smaller setting value corresponding to direction B, operates before circuit breaker 300F, allowing the current to be interrupted more quickly on the side closer to the short circuit point.

[0073] (Example 2) Next, Example 2 will be described with reference to Figure 12. In Example 2, as shown in Figure 12, there are two customers, A and B, connected by a power line, and circuit breakers 300E to 300H are provided between customer A and customer B. Figure 12(a) shows the case where the current flows from customer A to customer B (referred to as direction A), and Figure 12(b) shows the case where the current flows from customer B to customer A (referred to as direction B).

[0074] As shown in Figure 12, the setting of the values ​​for circuit breakers 300E and 300F is the same as in Example 1 (Figure 11).

[0075] For circuit breaker 300G, the setting value for direction A is set to 8A, and the setting value for direction B is set to 5A. Similarly, for circuit breaker 300H, the setting value for direction A is set to 5A, and the setting value for direction B is set to 8A.

[0076] In the case shown in Figure 12(a), a short circuit occurs on the consumer B side, generating a large current in direction A. Circuit breaker 300F, which has the smallest setting value corresponding to direction A, operates before the other circuit breakers, allowing it to quickly interrupt the current on the side closer to the short circuit point.

[0077] In the case shown in Figure 12(a), if circuit breaker 300F fails to operate due to some malfunction, circuit breaker 300H will operate before the other circuit breakers.

[0078] In the case shown in Figure 12(b), a short circuit occurs on the consumer A side, generating a large current in direction B. Circuit breaker 300E, which has the smallest setting value corresponding to direction B, operates before the other circuit breakers, allowing it to quickly interrupt the current on the side closer to the short circuit point.

[0079] (Example 3) Next, we will describe Example 3 with reference to Figures 13 and 14. Example 3 shows an example in which circuit breakers (a) and (b) shown in the figures are used in combination. Example 3 is an example in which the setting value is the current threshold.

[0080] As shown in Figure 13, in Example 3, the circuit breakers 300X~303X and 300Y~303Y on the bus are circuit breakers (a), and the circuit breakers 300Z~303Z on the power line connecting the bus and the consumer are circuit breakers (b). The figure shows the direction of the current and the current value as the setting value for each circuit breaker. In Example 13, the setting values ​​are set using the method described with reference to Figure 5.

[0081] Let's assume the current flow changes from Figure 13 to Figure 14. That is, in the situation shown in Figure 14, current flows from customer A to customers C and D, and current flows from customer B to customers C and D. In the case of the current flow shown in Figure 14, the setting values ​​will be as shown in the figure. The method for setting the setting values ​​is the same as the method explained with reference to Figure 5.

[0082] In other words, in Example 3, for circuit breaker (b), a setting of 30A is used when current flows towards the customer, and a setting of 40A is used when current flows from the customer to the bus side. For circuit breaker (a), a setting of 35A is used in both directions.

[0083] (Example 4) Next, we will describe Example 4 with reference to Figures 15 and 16. Example 4 shows an example in which circuit breakers (a) and (b) shown in the figure are used in combination. Example 4 is an example in which the setting value is the current threshold.

[0084] As shown in Figure 15, in Example 4, only circuit breaker 300Y is circuit breaker (a), and the other circuit breakers are circuit breaker (b). The figure shows the direction of the current and the current value as the setting value for each circuit breaker.

[0085] Let's assume the current flow changes from Figure 15 to Figure 16. That is, in the situation shown in Figure 16, current flows from customer A to customers C and D, and current flows from customer B to customers C and D. In the case of the current flow shown in Figure 16, the setting values ​​are as shown in the figure.

[0086] In other words, in Example 4, for circuit breakers 300Z to 303Z on the power line connecting the bus and the consumer, a setting of 30A is used when current flows towards the consumer, and a setting of 50A is used when current flows from the consumer to the bus. For circuit breakers 301Y to 303Y, 45A and 35A are used depending on the situation. For circuit breaker 300Y (circuit breaker (a)), a setting of 40A is used in both directions.

[0087] Furthermore, even if there are points where protective coordination is not in place, this can be addressed by integrating multiple circuit breakers to prevent short circuits themselves, or by forming blocks of multiple circuit breakers as a group.

[0088] (Example 5) Next, we will describe Example 5 with reference to Figures 17 and 18. Example 5 shows an example in which circuit breakers (a) and (b) shown in the figure are used in combination. Example 5 is an example in which the setting value is the delay time.

[0089] As shown in Figure 17, in Example 5, the circuit breakers 300X~303X and 300Y~303Y on the bus are circuit breakers (a), and the circuit breakers 300Z~303Z on the power line connecting the bus and the consumer are circuit breakers (b). The figure shows the direction of the current and the delay time as the setting value for each circuit breaker.

[0090] Let's assume the current flow changes from Figure 17 to Figure 18. That is, in the situation shown in Figure 18, current flows from customer A to customers C and D, and current flows from customer B to customers C and D. In the case of the current flow shown in Figure 18, the setting values ​​are as shown in the figure.

[0091] In other words, in Example 5, for circuit breaker (b), 0s is used as the setting value when current flows towards the customer, and +2ms is used as the setting value when current flows from the customer to the bus side. For circuit breaker (a), +1ms is used as the setting value in both directions.

[0092] (Example 6) Next, we will describe Example 6 with reference to Figures 19 and 20. Example 6 shows an example in which circuit breakers (a) and (b) shown in the figures are used in combination. Example 6 is an example in which the setting value is the delay time.

[0093] As shown in Figure 19, in Example 6, only circuit breaker 300Y is circuit breaker (a), and the other circuit breakers are circuit breaker (b). The figure shows the direction of the current and the delay time as the setting value for each circuit breaker.

[0094] Let's assume the current flow changes from Figure 19 to Figure 20. That is, in the situation shown in Figure 20, current flows from customer A to customers C and D, and current flows from customer B to customers C and D. In the case of the current flow shown in Figure 20, the setting values ​​are as shown in the figure.

[0095] In other words, in Example 6, for circuit breakers 300Z to 303Z on the power line connecting the bus and the consumer, 0ms is used as the setting value when current flows toward the consumer, and +4ms is used as the setting value when current flows from the consumer toward the bus. For circuit breakers 301Y, 302Y, and 303Y, +3ms and +1ms are used interchangeably. For circuit breaker 300Y (circuit breaker (a)), +2ms is used as the setting value in both directions.

[0096] Furthermore, even if there are points where protective coordination is not in place, this can be addressed by integrating multiple circuit breakers to prevent short circuits themselves, or by forming blocks of multiple circuit breakers as a group.

[0097] (modified version) The examples described so far show that the circuit breaker itself determines the setting value used for tripping control based on the current flow, but this is not the only way. For example, the control device 100 shown in Figure 4 may determine the setting value for each circuit breaker based on the direction of the current measured by each circuit breaker and set the setting value for each circuit breaker.

[0098] In this case, each circuit breaker and the control device 100 are connected by a communication network (such as a metal wire, optical fiber, or radio waves), and the control device 100 can obtain information necessary for determining the setting value (e.g., direction of current) from each circuit breaker. Each circuit breaker has a communication function and transmits the measurement result of the current flowing through it to the control device 100, the control device 100 determines the setting value of the circuit breaker, and notifies the circuit breaker of the determined setting value.

[0099] <Example of the configuration of the control device 100> Figure 21 shows an example of the configuration of the control device 100 in a modified example. As shown in Figure 21, the control device 100 includes an information acquisition unit 110, a calculation unit 120, an output unit 130, and a data storage unit 140. The operation of the control device 100, which includes these functional units, will be described later.

[0100] The control device 100 can be implemented, for example, by having a computer execute a program. This computer may be a physical computer or a virtual machine on the cloud.

[0101] In other words, the control device 100 can be realized by using hardware resources such as the CPU and memory built into the computer to execute a program corresponding to the processing performed by the control device 100. The above program can be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium (such as portable memory), saved, and distributed. It is also possible to provide the above program via a network such as the Internet or email.

[0102] Figure 22 shows an example of the hardware configuration of the computer described above. The computer in Figure 22 has a drive device 1000, an auxiliary storage device 1002, a memory device 1003, a CPU 1004, an interface device 1005, a display device 1006, an input device 1007, an output device 1008, etc., all of which are interconnected by a bus BS. The computer may also be equipped with a GPU.

[0103] The program that enables processing on the computer is provided, for example, on a recording medium 1001 such as a CD-ROM or memory card. When the recording medium 1001 containing the program is set in the drive device 1000, the program is installed from the recording medium 1001 to the auxiliary storage device 1002 via the drive device 1000. However, the program does not necessarily have to be installed from the recording medium 1001; it may also be downloaded from another computer via a network. The auxiliary storage device 1002 stores the installed program as well as necessary files and data.

[0104] The memory device 1003 reads and stores a program from the auxiliary storage device 1002 when a program startup command is received. The CPU 1004 implements the functions related to the control device 100 according to the program stored in the memory device 1003. The interface device 1005 is used as an interface for connecting to a network, etc. The display device 1006 displays a GUI (Graphical User Interface) etc., generated by a program. The input device 1007 consists of a keyboard and mouse, buttons, or a touch panel, etc., and is used to input various operation commands. The output device 1008 outputs the calculation results.

[0105] <Example of operation of modified form> Even with the modified configuration, the basic processing flow is as shown in the flow diagram in Figure 10. Therefore, an example of operation, including the operation of the control device 100, will be explained with reference to Figure 10. The flow diagram in Figure 10 can be applied to each circuit breaker, but here, the flow will be explained focusing on a specific circuit breaker (circuit breaker 300Z located between the bus and the consumer).

[0106] In S1, basic data is input from the information acquisition unit 110 of the control device 110. The input basic data is stored in the data storage unit 140. For example, the following setting value 1 and setting value 2 are input as basic data.

[0107] • Setting value 1: Setting value when current flows from the bus side to the consumer side (direction A). • Setting value 2: Setting value when current flows from the consumer side to the bus side (direction B). In S2, the control unit 340 of the circuit breaker 300Z uses the current detection unit 320 to measure the direction and magnitude of the current passing through the circuit breaker 300Z, and transmits the current measurement result (e.g., information indicating the direction of the current) to the control device 100. The control device 100 receives the current measurement result, and the result is passed to the calculation unit 120.

[0108] In S3, the calculation unit 120 determines the direction of current flow based on the current measurement result. If it is in direction A, it proceeds to S4; otherwise, it proceeds to S9.

[0109] In S4, the calculation unit 120 determines the setting value 1 as the setting value to be used for tripping determination, transmits the setting value 1 from the output unit 130 to the circuit breaker 300Z, and sets the setting value 1 for the circuit breaker 300Z. Note that the transmission and setting of the determined setting value may be performed by a device other than the control device 100.

[0110] In S5, the circuit breaker 300Z measures the direction and magnitude of the current passing through it. The circuit breaker 300Z continues its internal processing and transmits the measurement results to the control device 100.

[0111] In S6, the circuit breaker 300Z determines the direction of current flow based on the current measurement result. If it is in direction A, the process proceeds to S7. If it is not in direction A, the process proceeds to S9.

[0112] In S7, if circuit breaker 300Z detects that "current value > setting value 1", it proceeds to S8; otherwise, it returns to S5. In S8, circuit breaker 300Z turns off the interrupting sections 310 / 330.

[0113] In S9, the calculation unit 120 of the control device 100 determines the setting value 2 as the setting value to be used for tripping determination and transmits it to the circuit breaker 300Z.

[0114] In S10, the circuit breaker 300Z measures the direction and magnitude of the current passing through it. The circuit breaker 300Z continues its internal processing and transmits the measurement results to the control device 100.

[0115] In S11, the circuit breaker 300Z determines the direction of current flow based on the current measurement result. If it is in direction B, it proceeds to S12. If it is not in direction B, it proceeds to S4. In S12, if the circuit breaker 300Z detects that "current value > setting value 2", it proceeds to S8; otherwise, it returns to S10.

[0116] (Summary of the embodiments, effects, etc.) As described above, the technology described in this embodiment makes it possible to appropriately perform protection coordination in a power supply system to which a storage battery is connected.

[0117] Specifically, when a battery is connected to a power supply system with multiple intricately branched circuits, such as a ring-type or mesh-type power supply system, the circuit breaker settings can be automatically and appropriately adjusted according to the direction of the current, even when the current route and direction change moment by moment. This enables cascaded tripping and flexible protection coordination.

[0118] The following additional information is disclosed regarding the embodiments described above.

[0119] <Note> (Additional note 1) A circuit breaker used in a power supply system, Current detection unit, It includes a blocking section, The aforementioned blocking section is When the direction of the current measured by the current detection unit is the first direction, the current is interrupted based on the first setting value. If the direction of the current measured by the current detection unit is the second direction, the current is interrupted based on the second setting value. Circuit breaker. (Additional note 2) The control unit determines the applicable setting value based on the direction of the current measured by the current detection unit. The circuit breaker described in Appendix 1 further comprises the following: (Additional note 3) The interruption unit includes a first interruption unit that interrupts the current in the first direction and a second interruption unit that interrupts the current in the second direction. The circuit breaker described in Appendix 1 or 2. (Additional note 4) A power supply system equipped with a circuit breaker described in any one of the appendices 1 to 3. (Additional note 5) A control device for determining the setting value for a circuit breaker in a power supply system, Memory and At least one processor connected to the memory, Includes, The aforementioned processor, The circuit breaker receives information indicating the direction of the current measured by the circuit breaker. Based on the direction of the current, the setting value of the circuit breaker is determined. Control device. (Additional note 6) A method for determining a set value performed by a circuit breaker used in a power supply system, The steps include detecting the direction of the current flowing through the circuit breaker, The steps include determining the setting value of the circuit breaker based on the direction of the current, and A method for determining a set value, comprising the following features. (Additional note 7) A non-temporary storage medium storing a program for causing a computer to function as a component of the control device described in Appendix 5.

[0120] Although this embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this specific embodiment, and various modifications and changes are possible within the scope of the gist of the invention as described in the claims. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0121] 100 Control device 110 Information Acquisition Department 120 Calculation Department 130 Output section 140 Data Storage Unit 200 Power supply system 300 Circuit breaker 310 Interruption section 311 Capacitor 312 transistors 313 Diode 320 Current detection unit 321 Current Sensor 330 Interruption section 331 diode 332 transistors 333 Capacitors 340 Control Unit 341 Measurement Unit 342 Calculation Department 343 Control Processing Unit 1000 drive unit 1001 Recording media 1002 Auxiliary storage 1003 Memory device 1004 CPU 1005 Interface device 1006 Display device 1007 Input device 1008 Output device

Claims

1. A circuit breaker used in a power supply system, Current detection unit, It includes a blocking section, The aforementioned blocking section is When the direction of the current measured by the current detection unit is the first direction, the current is interrupted based on the first setting value. If the direction of the current measured by the current detection unit is the second direction, the current is interrupted based on the second setting value. Circuit breaker.

2. The control unit determines the applicable setting value based on the direction of the current measured by the current detection unit. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, further comprising:

3. The interruption unit includes a first interruption unit that interrupts the current in the first direction and a second interruption unit that interrupts the current in the second direction. The circuit breaker according to claim 1.

4. A power supply system comprising a circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. A control device for determining the setting value for a circuit breaker in a power supply system, An information acquisition unit that receives information from the circuit breaker indicating the direction of the current measured by the circuit breaker, A calculation unit that determines the setting value of the circuit breaker based on the direction of the current, A control device equipped with the following features.

6. A method for determining a set value performed by a circuit breaker used in a power supply system, The steps include detecting the direction of the current flowing through the circuit breaker, The steps include determining the setting value of the circuit breaker based on the direction of the current, and A method for determining a set value, comprising the following features.

7. A program for causing a computer to function as a component of the control device described in claim 5.

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