Pixelated laser phosphor having ceramic phosphor tiles surrounded by phosphor particles in a medium

Abstract

The present invention provides a luminescent configuration 2000 having an array 2005 of luminescent bodies 2100 and a matrix 2210 at least partially arranged between said luminescent bodies 2100, wherein said luminescent bodies 2100 have a first luminescent material 2110, said matrix 2210 has an optically transparent material 2215, said optically transparent material 2215 has a second luminescent material 2220, said first luminescent material 2110 and said optically transparent material 2215 are different materials, and said luminescent body 2100 is a ceramic body.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a luminescent arrangement and a photogenerating system having such a luminescent arrangement. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a photogenerating device having such a photogenerating system. [Background technology]

[0002] In this technical field, light sources such as laser light sources are known.For example, US20180316160 comprises a laser diode device configured as an excitation source, comprising a material containing gallium and nitrogen; a phosphor member configured as a wavelength converter and radiator, coupled to the laser diode device; a common support member configured to support the laser diode device and the phosphor member; and a heat sink thermally coupled to the common support member, wherein the common support member is configured to transport thermal energy from the laser diode device and the phosphor member to the heat sink; an output facet configured in the laser diode device to output a laser beam composed of electromagnetic radiation selected from violet and / or blue emission having a first wavelength from 400 nm to 485 nm; and non-guided properties capable of transmitting the laser beam from the laser diode device to the excitation surface of the phosphor member. An integrated white light source having a free space between the output facet and the phosphor member, and a range of incident angles between the laser beam and the excitation surface of the phosphor member, such that, on average, the laser beam has non-normal incidence to the excitation surface and the beam spot is configured for a certain geometric size and shape, wherein the phosphor member converts a portion of the electromagnetic radiation from the laser beam having a first wavelength into emitted electromagnetic radiation having a second wavelength longer than the first wavelength, the integrated white light source comprising a plurality of scattering centers associated with the phosphor member that scatter electromagnetic radiation having a first wavelength from the laser beam incident on the phosphor member, a reflection mode that characterizes the phosphor member such that the laser beam is incident on a beam spot region on the excitation surface of the phosphor member and white light emission is emitted from substantially the same beam spot region, the reflection mode comprising a mixture of wavelengths characterized by at least the second wavelength emitted electromagnetic radiation from the phosphor member, and a form factor that characterizes the package of the integrated white light source. This document describes an integrated white light source having a form factor with dimensions of length, width, and height.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0003] White LED light sources can provide intensities up to, for example, about 300 lm / mm 2 However, static phosphor-converted laser white light sources can provide intensities up to about 20,000 lm / mm 2 Ce-doped garnets (e.g., YAG, LuAG) can be the most suitable luminescence converters that can be used for pumping with blue laser light because the garnet matrix has very high chemical stability. Furthermore, at low Ce concentrations (e.g., less than 0.5%), temperature quenching may only occur above about 200 °C. Moreover, the emission from Ce has a very fast decay time, and thus, the occurrence of optical saturation can be essentially prevented. Assuming, for example, reflection-mode operation, blue laser light may be incident on the phosphor. This can, in embodiments, achieve almost complete conversion of the blue light, resulting in the emission of converted light. For this reason, the use of garnet phosphors with relatively high stability and thermal conductivity is proposed. However, other phosphors can also be applied. When extremely high output densities are used, thermal management can still be an issue.

[0004] High-brightness light sources can be used in applications such as projection, stage lighting, spot lighting, automotive lighting, etc. For this purpose, laser-phosphor technology can be used, where a laser supplies laser light and, for example, a (remote) phosphor converts the laser light into converted light. In embodiments, the phosphor may be disposed on a heat sink or inserted into a heat sink for improved thermal management and thus for higher brightness.

[0005] One of the problems associated with such (laser) light sources is the thermal management of the (ceramic) phosphor. Other problems associated with such laser light sources can be the desire to create a compact high-power device, which may not necessarily be relatively easy. Still other problems can be the desire to control the beam shape and / or the spatial power distribution of the beam emerging from the phosphor.

[0006] Thus, providing an alternative luminescence configuration and / or a light generation system is an aspect of the present invention, and the alternative luminescence configuration and / or light generation system preferably further at least partially removes one or more of the above disadvantages. The present invention may aim to solve or improve at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art or to provide a useful alternative.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] In a first embodiment, the present invention provides a luminescent configuration having an array of luminescent bodies and a matrix at least partially formed between the luminescent bodies. In an embodiment, the luminescent bodies have a first luminescent material. Furthermore, in a particular embodiment, the matrix may have a light-transmitting material. In particular, the light-transmitting material may have a second luminescent material (which may be the same as the first luminescent material in an embodiment, or different from the first luminescent material in an embodiment). In particular, the first luminescent material and the light-transmitting material are different materials. Furthermore, in a particular embodiment, the luminescent bodies have a ceramic body. Therefore, in particular, the present invention provides a luminescence configuration having an array of luminescence bodies and a matrix at least partially formed between the luminescence bodies, wherein the luminescence bodies have a first luminescence material, the matrix has a light-transmitting material, the light-transmitting material has a second luminescence material, and the first luminescence material and the light-transmitting material are different materials, and in a particular embodiment, the luminescence bodies have a ceramic body.

[0008] Such a luminescence configuration allows for the creation of various beam shapes of the luminescent material depending on the focusing of the excitation light beam. Optionally, such a luminescence configuration allows for the provision of various spectral power distributions depending on the focusing of the excitation light beam, especially when different luminescent materials are present. Furthermore, such a luminescence configuration may allow for the control of the beam shape and spectral power distribution of the (luminescent material) light escaping from the configuration, depending on the light source used to irradiate the luminescence configuration. Moreover, such a configuration can reduce stress, for example, due to heating, because the luminescence body does not form a single large body but is provided as multiple (smaller) bodies. Therefore, thermal management can be optimized. Furthermore, providing smaller luminescent bodies may be easier than providing a (single) large luminescent body. Therefore, manufacturing may be easier and the lifespan may be longer.

[0009] As described above, the present invention provides a luminescence configuration. The luminescence configuration comprises an array of luminescence bodies and a matrix that is at least partially formed between the luminescence bodies.

[0010] In embodiments, the luminescent body and the matrix may have a luminescent material. Several embodiments of the luminescent material are described below. These embodiments can be applied to both the first luminescent material and the second luminescent material.

[0011] The term "luminescent material" specifically refers to a material capable of converting one or more of the first radiation, particularly UV radiation and blue radiation, into the second radiation. Generally, the first and second radiations have different spectral power distributions. Therefore, the terms "luminescent converter" or "converter" may be used instead of "luminescent material." Generally, the second radiation has a spectral power distribution with greater wavelengths than the first radiation, which is the case of so-called downconversion. However, in certain embodiments, the second radiation has a spectral power distribution with greater intensity at smaller wavelengths than the first radiation, which is the case of so-called upconversion.

[0012] In embodiments, the “luminescent material” may specifically refer to a material that can convert radiation into, for example, visible light and / or infrared light. For example, in embodiments, the luminescent material may be able to convert one or more of UV radiation and blue radiation into visible light. In certain embodiments, the luminescent material may also convert radiation into infrared radiation (IR). Therefore, when excited by radiation, the luminescent material emits radiation. Generally, the luminescent material is a downconverter, that is, it converts radiation of a smaller wavelength into radiation of a larger wavelength (λ). ex <λ em Although it is converted to radiation having a smaller wavelength (λ), in certain embodiments, the luminescent material may have an upconverter luminescent material, i.e., radiation of a larger wavelength is converted to radiation of a smaller wavelength (λ). ex >λ em It is converted into radiation that has ).

[0013] In embodiments, the term "luminescence" may refer to phosphorescence. In embodiments, the term "luminescence" may refer to fluorescence. The term "emission" may be applied instead of the term "luminescence." Accordingly, the terms "first radiation" and "second radiation" may refer to excitation radiation and emission (radiation), respectively. Similarly, the term "luminescent material" may, in embodiments, refer to phosphorescence and / or fluorescence. The term "luminescent material" may refer to multiple different luminescent materials. Examples of possible luminescent materials are shown below.

[0014] In embodiments, the luminescent material is selected from garnet and nitrides, respectively, particularly doped with trivalent cerium or divalent europium. The term "nitride" may also refer to oxynitrides or nitridosilicates.

[0015] In certain embodiments, the luminescent material is A3B5O 12 :Includes a Ce-type luminescent material, where A, in embodiments, includes one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb, and Lu, particularly at least one or more of Y, Gd, Tb, and Lu, and B, in embodiments, includes one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc. In particular, A may include one or more of Y, Gd, and Lu, such as one or more of Y and Lu. In particular, B may include one or more of Al and Ga, more particularly at least Al, such as essentially Al only. Therefore, a particularly suitable luminescent material is a cerium-containing garnet material. Embodiments of garnet include, in particular, A3B5O 12Comprising garnet, A comprises at least yttrium or lutetium, and B comprises at least aluminum. Such garnet may be doped with cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), or a combination of cerium and praseodymium, and particularly may be doped with Ce. In particular, B comprises aluminum (Al), but B may also partially comprise gallium (Ga) and / or scandium (Sc) and / or indium (In), particularly up to about 20% of Al at most, more particularly up to about 10% of Al at most (i.e., B ions consist essentially of 90 mol% or more of Al and one or more of Ga, Sc, and In at 10 mol% or less). B may particularly comprise up to about 10% of gallium. In another variant, B and O may be at least partially replaced by Si and N. Element A may particularly be selected from the group consisting of yttrium (Y), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), and lutetium (Lu). Further, Gd and / or Tb particularly exist only up to about 20% of A. In a particular embodiment, the garnet luminescence material is (Y 1-x Lu x )3B5O 12 :Ce, where x is 0 or more and 1 or less. The term ":Ce" indicates that a part of the metal ions in the luminescence material (i.e., in garnet, a part of the "A" ions) is replaced by Ce. For example, in the case of (Y 1-x Lu x )3Al5O 12 :Ce, a part of Y and / or Lu is replaced by Ce. This is known to those skilled in the art. Ce generally replaces A by up to 10%, and generally, the Ce concentration is in the range of 0.1 to 4%, particularly 0.1 to 2% (relative to A). Assuming 1% of Ce and 10% of Y, the completely correct formula may be (Y 0.1 Lu<N 0.89 Ce 0.01 )3Al5O 12 . Ce in garnet is substantially in the trivalent state or only in the trivalent state, as is known to those skilled in the art.

[0016] In an embodiment, the luminescence material is (therefore) A3B5O 12 and in certain embodiments, up to 10% of the B-O can be replaced by Si-N.

[0017] In certain embodiments, the luminescence material is (Y x1-x2-x3 A' x2 Ce x3 )3(Al y1-y2 B' y2 )5O 12 where x1 + x2 + x3 = 1, x3 > 0, 0 < x2 + x3 ≤ 0.2, y1 + y2 = 1, 0 ≤ y2 ≤ 0.2, A' includes one or more elements selected from the group consisting of lanthanides, and B' includes one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ga, In, and Sc. In an embodiment, x3 is selected from the range of 0.001 to 0.1. In the present invention, in particular, x1 > 0, such as at least 0.8, such as x1 > 0.2. Garnets comprising Y can provide a suitable spectral power distribution.

[0018] In certain embodiments, up to 10% of the B-O can be replaced by Si-N. Here, B in B-O refers to one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc (and O refers to oxygen), and in certain embodiments, B-O may refer to Al-O. As described above, in certain embodiments, x3 can be selected from the range of 0.001 to 0.04. In particular, such luminescence materials have a suitable spectral distribution (see below), have relatively high efficiency, have relatively high thermal stability, and can enable a high CRI (in combination with the first light source light and the second light source light (and the optical filter)). Therefore, in certain embodiments, A can be selected from the group consisting of Lu and Gd. Alternatively, or in addition, B can include Ga. Therefore, in an embodiment, the luminescence material is (Y x1-x2-x3 (Lu,Gd) x2 Ce x3 )3(Al y1-y2 Ga y2 )5O12 comprising, and Lu and / or Gd may be available. Even more particularly, x3 is selected from the range of 0.001 to 0.1, 0 < x2 + x3 ≦ 0.1, and 0 ≦ y2 ≦ 0.1. Further, in certain embodiments, up to 1% of B-O can be replaced by Si-N. Here, the percentage refers to moles (as known in the art), for example, see also EP3149108. In yet other specific embodiments, the luminescence material is (Y x1-x3 Ce x3 )3Al5O 12 comprising, x1 + x3 = 1, 0 < x3 ≦ 0.2, and is such as 0.001 to 0.1, etc.

[0019] In certain embodiments, the light generating device may contain only a luminescence material selected from the type of garnet containing cerium. In even other specific embodiments, the light generating device contains a single type of luminescence material such as (Y x1-x2-x3 A' x2 Ce x3 )3(Al y1-y2 B' y2 )5O 12 . Thus, in certain embodiments, the light generating device has a luminescence material, and at least 85 wt%, even more particularly at least about 90 wt%, for example even more particularly at least about 95 wt% of the luminescence material is (Y x1-x2-x3 A' x2 Ce x3 )3(Al y1-y2 B' y2 )5O 12 . Here, A' contains one or more elements selected from the group consisting of lanthanides, B' contains one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ga, In, and Sc, x1 + x2 + x3 = 1, x3 > 0, 0 < x2 + x3 ≦ 0.2, y1 + y2 = 1, and 0 ≦ y2 ≦ 0.2. In particular, x3 is selected from the range of 0.001 to 0.1. Note that in embodiments, x2 = 0. Instead, or in addition, in embodiments, y2 = 0.

[0020] In certain embodiments, A may in particular include at least Y, and B may in particular include at least Al.

[0021] In the embodiment, the luminescent material is instead, or in addition, M2Si5N8:Eu 2+ and / or MAlSiN3:Eu 2+ and / or Ca2AlSi3O2N5:Eu 2+ The materials may include one or more of the following, where M includes one or more of Ba, Sr, and Ca, and in particular embodiments, at least Sr. Accordingly, in embodiments, the luminescent material may include one or more materials selected from the group consisting of (Ba,Sr,Ca)S:Eu, (Ba,Sr,Ca)AlSiN3:Eu, and (Ba,Sr,Ca)2Si5N8:Eu. In these compounds, europium (Eu) is substantially divalent or exclusively divalent, and replaces one or more of the divalent cations shown. Generally, Eu does not exist in amounts greater than 10% of the cations, and the presence of Eu is particularly in the range of about 0.5 to 10%, more particularly in the range of about 0.5 to 5%, relative to the cations that Eu replaces. The term ":Eu" means that a portion of the metal ion is Eu (in these examples, Eu 2+ This indicates that it can be replaced by (Ca). For example, assuming 2% Eu in CaAlSiN3:Eu, the correct formula is (Ca 0.98 EU 0.02) may become AlSiN3. Divalent europium generally replaces divalent cations, such as the divalent alkaline earth cations mentioned above, particularly Ca, Sr, or Ba. The material (Ba,Sr,Ca)S:Eu may also be denoted as MS:Eu, where M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr), and calcium (Ca), in particular, M in this compound includes calcium or strontium, or calcium and strontium, more particularly calcium. Here, Eu is introduced and replaces at least some of M (i.e., one or more of Ba, Sr, and Ca). Furthermore, the material (Ba,Sr,Ca)2Si5N8:Eu may also be denoted as M2Si5N8:Eu, where M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr), and calcium (Ca), in particular, M in this compound includes Sr and / or Ba. In a further specific embodiment, M consists of Sr and / or Ba (the presence of Eu is not taken into consideration), and Ba 1.5 Sr 0.5 Si5N8:Eu (i.e., 75% Ba; 25% Sr) consists of particularly 50 to 100%, more particularly 50 to 90% Ba, and 50 to 0%, more particularly 50 to 10% Sr. Here, Eu is introduced and replaces at least a portion of M (i.e., one or more of Ba, Sr, and Ca). Similarly, the material (Ba,Sr,Ca)AlSiN3:Eu may also be denoted as MAlSiN3:Eu, where M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr), and calcium (Ca), in particular, M in this compound includes calcium or strontium, or calcium and strontium, more particularly calcium. Here, Eu is introduced and replaces at least a portion of M (i.e., one or more of Ba, Sr, and Ca). As is known to those skilled in the art, Eu in the above-mentioned luminescent material is substantially in a divalent state, or exists only in a divalent state.

[0022] In embodiments, the red luminescent material may comprise one or more materials selected from the group consisting of (Ba,Sr,Ca)S:Eu, (Ba,Sr,Ca)AlSiN3:Eu, and (Ba,Sr,Ca)2Si5N8:Eu. In these compounds, europium (Eu) is substantially divalent or exclusively divalent, replacing one or more of the indicated divalent cations. Generally, Eu is not present in amounts greater than 10% of the cations, and the presence of Eu is particularly in the range of about 0.5 to 10%, more particularly in the range of about 0.5 to 5%, relative to the cations that Eu replaces. The term ":Eu" means that a portion of the metal ion is Eu (in these examples, Eu 2+ This indicates that it can be replaced by (Ca). For example, assuming 2% Eu in CaAlSiN3:Eu, the correct formula is (Ca 0.98 EU 0.02 ) can become AlSiN3. Divalent europium generally replaces divalent cations, such as the divalent alkaline earth cations mentioned above, especially Ca, Sr, or Ba.

[0023] The material (Ba,Sr,Ca)S:Eu is sometimes denoted as MS:Eu, where M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr), and calcium (Ca), and in particular, in this compound, M contains calcium or strontium, or calcium and strontium, more particularly calcium. Here, Eu is introduced to replace at least some of M (i.e., one or more of Ba, Sr, and Ca).

[0024] Furthermore, the material (Ba,Sr,Ca)2Si5N8:Eu may also be denoted as M2Si5N8:Eu, where M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr), and calcium (Ca), and in particular, M in this compound includes Sr and / or Ba. In further specific embodiments, M consists of Sr and / or Ba (the presence of Eu is not taken into consideration), and Ba 1.5 Sr 0.5Si5N8:Eu (i.e., 75% Ba; 25% Sr), consisting particularly 50 to 100%, more particularly 50 to 90% Ba, and 50 to 0%, particularly 50 to 10% Sr. Here, Eu is introduced and replaces at least a portion of M (i.e., one or more of Ba, Sr, and Ca).

[0025] Similarly, the material (Ba,Sr,Ca)AlSiN3:Eu may also be denoted as MAlSiN3:Eu, where M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr), and calcium (Ca), and in particular, in this compound, M comprises calcium or strontium, or calcium and strontium, more particularly calcium. Here, Eu is introduced to replace at least some of M (i.e., one or more of Ba, Sr, and Ca).

[0026] As is known to those skilled in the art, Eu in the above-mentioned luminescent material is substantially in a divalent state, or exists only in a divalent state.

[0027] The blue luminescent material is YSO(Y2SiO5:Ce 3+ ), or similar compounds, or BAM(BaMgAl 10 O 17 :EU 2+ ), or similar compounds may be included.

[0028] In this specification, the term "luminescent material" refers, in particular, to inorganic luminescent materials.

[0029] The term "phosphor" may sometimes be used instead of "luminescent material." These terms are known to those skilled in the art.

[0030] Alternatively, or in addition, other luminescent materials may be applied. For example, quantum dots and / or organic dyes may be applied and optionally embedded in a permeable matrix, such as a polymer like PMMA or polysiloxane.

[0031] Quantum dots are generally small crystals of semiconductor material with a width or diameter of only a few nanometers. When excited by incident light, quantum dots emit light of a color determined by the size and material of the crystal. Therefore, by matching the size of the dot, light of a specific color can be produced. The most well-known quantum dots that emit light in the visible range are based on cadmium selenide (CdSe) with shells such as cadmium sulfide (CdS) and zinc sulfide (ZnS). Cadmium-free quantum dots, such as indium phosphide (InP) and copper indium sulfide (CuInS2) and / or silver indium sulfide (AgInS2), can also be used. Quantum dots exhibit a very narrow emission band, and therefore, quantum dots exhibit saturated colors. Furthermore, the emission color can be easily adjusted by matching the size of the quantum dot. In this invention, any type of quantum dot known in the art can be used. However, for reasons of environmental safety and concern, it may be preferable to use quantum dots that do not contain cadmium, or quantum dots with at least a very low cadmium content.

[0032] Other quantum confinement structures may be used instead of, or in addition to, quantum dots. In the context of this application, "quantum confinement structure" should be understood as, for example, a quantum well, quantum dot, quantum rod, tripod, tetrapod, or nanowire.

[0033] Organic phosphors can also be used. Examples of suitable organic phosphor materials include perylene derivative-based organic luminescent materials, such as compounds marketed by BASF under the name Lumogen®. Examples of suitable compounds include, but are not limited to, Lumogen® Red F305, Lumogen® Orange F240, Lumogen® Yellow F083, and Lumogen® F170.

[0034] Different luminescent materials may have different spectral power distributions for their respective luminescent material light. Alternatively, or in addition, such different luminescent materials may have different color points (or dominant wavelengths), in particular.

[0035] As described above, other luminescent materials may also be possible. Accordingly, in certain embodiments, the luminescent material is selected from the group of divalent europium-containing nitrides, divalent europium-containing oxynitrides, divalent europium-containing silicates, cerium-containing garnets, and quantum structures. Quantum structures may include, for example, quantum dots or quantum rods (or other quantum-type particles) (see above). Quantum structures may also include quantum wells. Quantum structures may also include photonic crystals.

[0036] As described above, the luminescent body has a first luminescent material.

[0037] In embodiments, the first luminescent material may have any of the above-described luminescent materials (and / or other luminescent materials). However, in particular, in embodiments, the first luminescent material may have an inorganic crystalline material such as a polycrystalline material (see also below).

[0038] As described above, the term "luminescent material" can refer to multiple different luminescent materials. Therefore, in certain embodiments, the term "luminescent material" can also refer to a luminescent material composition.

[0039] Two or more of the luminescent bodies may have the same (first) luminescent material. However, two or more of the luminescent bodies may have different luminescent materials. However, in certain embodiments, the luminescent bodies may be essentially the same, at least with respect to the luminescent material. Thus, in certain embodiments, essentially the same luminescence can be produced under essentially the same irradiation. Thus, in certain embodiments, each luminescent body has the same first luminescent material.

[0040] The luminescent body may have a rectangular, circular, hexagonal, or octagonal shape. In particular, the luminescent body may have a rectangular shape, such as the square shape. However, other shapes are also possible, such as a rectangle with rounded corners or an oval. In certain embodiments, the rectangle may be a square, and in other embodiments, the rectangle may not be a square. In some embodiments, all luminescent bodies may have the same shape. In other embodiments, the luminescent body may have two to four different shapes, such as two different shapes. In particular, the shape refers to a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the height of the luminescent body.

[0041] The luminescent body may have a height (H) and an equivalent diameter (D'). The equivalent diameter (or ECD) of a two-dimensional shape (of an irregular shape) is the diameter of a circle of equivalent area. For example, the equivalent diameter of a square with side a is 2*a*SQRT(1 / π). In the case of a circle, the diameter is the same as the equivalent diameter. If a circle with diameter D in the xy-plane is distorted into any other shape (in the xy-plane) without changing the size of the region, the equivalent diameter of that shape is D.

[0042] The height may be selected from a range of at least 0.02 mm, such as at least 0.03 mm, such as at least 0.025 mm (25 μm), and selected from a range of 0.03 to 20 mm in some embodiments. In particular, in some embodiments, the height of the luminescent body may be selected from a range of 0.05 to 20 mm, such as 0.05 to 10 mm, and so on. In particular, in some embodiments, the height may be selected from a range of 0.05 to 1 mm, such as 0.1 to 0.5 mm. In some particular embodiments, all luminescent bodies may have the same height, even though the luminescent bodies may have two to four different types of cross-sectional shapes. Nevertheless, in other embodiments, the luminescent bodies may have different heights, such as two to four different heights.

[0043] The luminescent body may have an edge. In the case of a circular cross-section, the edge may be a single edge (or a single edge element); in the case of a triangular cross-section, the edge may be three edges (or three edge elements); in the case of a rectangular cross-section, the edge may be four edges (or three edge elements), and so on. The edge may be defined in particular by its height.

[0044] The equivalent circle diameter may be selected from a range of 0.2 to 80 mm, such as 0.2 to 80 mm, for example 0.5 to 50 mm, particularly 1 to 50 mm, and in certain embodiments, 1 to 40 mm, or from a range of 0.2 to 100 mm. In certain embodiments (see also above), the luminescent body may have a width and a length. In embodiments, the width and the length may be individually selected from a range of 0.2 to 100 mm, such as 0.2 to 80 mm, for example 0.5 to 50 mm, particularly 1 to 50 mm, and in certain embodiments, 1 to 40 mm. In particular, in embodiments, the equivalent circle diameter may be selected from a range of 0.2 to 50 mm, such as 0.5 to 25 mm, and in certain embodiments, 1 to 20 mm. As can be derived from the above, even if the luminescent body has width and length, the luminescent body may have a circular equivalent diameter and may be characterized by it.

[0045] In certain embodiments, the equivalent diameter of the circle, which may be denoted by D', may be greater than the height. In particular, in certain embodiments, D' ≥ 2*H, such as 2*H ≤ D' ≤ 5000*H. In particular embodiments, 2*H ≤ D' ≤ 1000*H. In yet other specific embodiments, 2*H ≤ D' ≤ 500*H, such as 5*H ≤ D' ≤ 200*H.

[0046] Further specific embodiments relating to the luminescent body will be described below, following some embodiments relating to the matrix.

[0047] The configuration includes a matrix in addition to the luminescent body. In particular, the luminescent body and the matrix may form a configuration in which the edges of the luminescent body can contact the matrix (or matrix material). Thus, the matrix may surround at least a portion of the edges of the luminescent body, and in certain embodiments, it may essentially completely surround the edges of the luminescent body. Therefore, in embodiments, the matrix (material) may be in physical contact with the luminescent body (or its edges). Thus, in embodiments, the luminescent body may be configured to be embedded in the matrix (material). In such embodiments, the configuration may essentially be an arrangement body. However, other embodiments may also be possible.

[0048] The matrix may have a matrix height H1. In one embodiment, the matrix height is the same as the luminescent body. However, in another embodiment, the matrix height may be less than the luminescent body. Therefore, the luminescent body may protrude from the matrix. In yet another embodiment, the luminescent body may have a height smaller than the matrix. In such an embodiment, the luminescent body may form a (shallow) recess, while in another embodiment, the matrix (material) may cover the luminescent body. Combinations of these embodiments are also possible.

[0049] Therefore, in certain embodiments, the matrix height (H1) is essentially the same as the luminescent body height (H), i.e., H1 ≈ H (e.g., H1 = H). In such embodiments, light can be emitted from regions of the same height. In yet another embodiment, 0.5*H1 ≤ H ≤ 0.95*H1. If the matrix has a higher height, this may allow, for example, the matrix (material) to cover the luminescent body. The matrix can protect the luminescent body. Furthermore, the light from the luminescent body can be partially smeared across the matrix. In yet another embodiment, 1.05*H1 ≤ H ≤ 2*H1. If the matrix has a lower height, this may allow for easier manufacturing of the configuration. Furthermore, if the height of the luminescent body is greater than the matrix, in embodiments, the light may better escape from the luminescent body. However, in yet another embodiment, 0.95*H1 ≤ H ≤ 1.05*H1. If they have essentially the same height, this can facilitate the handling of the configuration. In particular, the matrix may essentially have the same height throughout the matrix.

[0050] The matrix comprises a matrix material. Therefore, the "matrix" may also be referred to as the "matrix material" (in the embodiment). The matrix material comprises a light-transmitting material, and the light-transmitting material comprises a second luminescent material. Therefore, the matrix comprises a light-transmitting material, and the light-transmitting material comprises a second luminescent material.

[0051] The light-transmitting material can enable the transmission of excitation light to a large portion of the light-transmitting material, thereby enabling the excitation of the luminescent element. Furthermore, the light-transmitting material can enable the transmission of light from the second luminescent material (of the second luminescent material). Light from the first luminescent material that can be coupled into the matrix can also be transmitted by the light-transmitting material.

[0052] In embodiments, the light-transmitting material may have glass containing luminescent ions. In embodiments, the light-transmitting material may be glass, and may have glass containing luminescent particles embedded in the glass. The luminescent particles may have the above-described luminescent material.

[0053] Examples of glass may include borosilicate glass or phosphate glass. Other types of glass may also be used, such as soda-lime glass, germanate glass, fluoride glass, and chalcogenide glass. In embodiments, silica glass, fused silica, or fused quartz may be used.

[0054] In embodiments, the light-transmitting material may have an inorganic polymer material comprising luminescent ions. In embodiments, the light-transmitting material may have an inorganic polymer material comprising luminescent particles embedded in the inorganic polymer material. For example, the polymer material may have a silicate, such as water glass. The luminescent particles may have the above-described luminescent material.

[0055] In embodiments, the light-transmitting material may have an organic polymer material comprising luminescent molecules. In embodiments, the light-transmitting material may have an organic polymer material comprising luminescent particles embedded in the organic polymer material. The luminescent particles may have the above-described luminescent material. In embodiments, the light-transmitting material may have one or more materials selected from a group of permeable organic materials, such as one selected from the group consisting of PE (polyethylene), PP (polypropylene), PEN (polyethylene naphthalate), PC (polycarbonate), polyurethane (PU), polymethyl acrylate (PMA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) (plexiglass or Perspex), polymethacrylimide (PMI), polymethyl methacrylimide (PMMI), styrene acrylonitrile resin (SAN), cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB), silicone, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) including (PETG) (glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate) in embodiments, PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane), and COC (cycloolefin copolymer). In particular, the light-transmitting material may have an aromatic polyester or a copolymer thereof, such as one or more of the following: polycarbonate (PC), poly(methyl) methacrylate (P(M)MA), polyglycolide or polyglycolic acid (PGA), polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyethylene adipate (PEA), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN). In particular, the light-transmitting material may have polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Therefore, the light-transmitting material is, in particular, a polymer light-transmitting material.

[0056] In certain embodiments, other matrix materials, such as quartz or silica, may be used. In particular, the matrix has a monolithic body in which the luminescent bodies are at least partially embedded. For example, polymer material or glass may be provided in the openings between arrays of luminescent bodies that are configured at non-zero distances from each other. This can provide a tiled configuration of luminescent bodies incorporated into a common matrix (material).

[0057] As can be derived from the above, in certain embodiments, the matrix is ​​defined at least partially by a continuous phase, and the luminescent body is at least partially embedded in the continuous phase. Therefore, in certain embodiments, the continuous phase may have an organic polymer material, and / or in embodiments, the continuous phase may have an inorganic material.

[0058] (Therefore,) in certain embodiments, the matrix may be defined at least in part by a continuous phase comprising luminescent particles embedded in the continuous phase, wherein the luminescent particles have the second luminescent material, and the luminescent bodies are at least in part embedded in the continuous phase.

[0059] In embodiments, the second luminescent material may have any of the above-mentioned luminescent materials (and / or other luminescent materials). In embodiments, the second luminescent material may have a single type of luminescent material. In other embodiments, the second luminescent material may have two or more different luminescent materials. In particular, in embodiments, the second luminescent material may be uniformly distributed across the matrix. For example, the luminescent particles may be uniformly distributed in the light-transmitting (matrix) material.

[0060] In some embodiments, the luminescent particles having the second luminescent material in the matrix may be quantum dots. In other embodiments, the luminescent particles having the second luminescent material may have polycrystalline phosphor particles. In yet another embodiment, the luminescent particles having the second luminescent material may have small fragments of single-crystal phosphors, such as microcrystals. In particular, in some embodiments, the luminescent particles having the second luminescent material may have inorganic crystalline materials, such as polycrystalline materials. Two or more such embodiments may be combined.

[0061] If the matrix material has luminescent particles having the second luminescent material, the particles, in embodiments, have dimensions smaller than the luminescent body, particularly considerably smaller. The dimensions of the particles, such as length, width, height, and diameter, may be selected from a range up to about 100 μm, and more particularly from a range up to about 80 μm, with a minimum of 50 μm. In embodiments, at least 75% by weight of the luminescent particles have the dimensions of the particles, such as length, width, height, and diameter, which can be selected from a range up to about 80 μm. In embodiments, the number-average particle size may be 25 μm or less. In the case of quantum dots, the size can be much smaller unless quantum dots embedded in other materials are applied (as particles). Thus, the (quantum dot) particles may have a size of at least about 2 nm. In particular, in embodiments, the particles may have a number-average particle size of at least 2 nm, such as at least 4 nm.

[0062] The particle size can be determined by methods known in the art, such as one or more of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). As is known in the art, the dimensions may be number-averaged. Thus, the particles may be substantially the same, but they may also be different from one another, such as two or more subsets of particles in which the particles are substantially the same within the subset. The particles may have a unimodal or polymodal particle size distribution.

[0063] As described above, the matrix has a light-transmitting material. The light-transmitting material may have a luminescent material. For example, in the case of glass containing luminescent ions, the glass can be considered both a light-transmitting material and a luminescent material. As described above, in this specification, the first luminescent material and the light-transmitting material are different materials. Therefore, if the luminescent body is of the glass type, the luminescent body has a different glass and / or a different luminescent material (from the light-transmitting material of the matrix). Thus, in particular, at least the first luminescent material and the light-transmitting material are different materials.

[0064] In particular, the luminescent body has a ceramic body. Furthermore, in particular, the matrix is ​​not a ceramic body. Note that glass is not considered a ceramic body. As described above, the matrix may, in embodiments, have a glass material or a polymer material (or a combination thereof). Furthermore, as described above, the luminescent body may have a ceramic body, and the matrix may be a light-transmitting material comprising particles such as particles having a size in the range of 2 nm to 100 μm (see above) embedded in the light-transmitting material.

[0065] Ceramic bodies are known in the art. In particular, the ceramic material may be obtained by sintering and / or hot pressing, which is optionally followed by annealing in a (slightly) oxidizing atmosphere. The term "ceramic" is used in particular to refer to inorganic materials, and especially to 10 -8 The present invention relates to inorganic materials obtained by heating (polycrystalline) powder at a temperature of at least 800°C, particularly at least 500°C, particularly at least 1400°C, particularly at least 1000°C, particularly at least 1000°C, under reduced pressure, atmospheric pressure, or high pressure, particularly under uniaxial pressure or isostatic pressure, particularly under isostatic pressure. A specific method for obtaining ceramics is hot isostatic pressing (HIP), and the HIP treatment may be post-sintering HIP, capsule HIP, or composite sintering HIP treatment, such as under the temperature and pressure conditions described above. The ceramics obtained by such a method may be used as is or may be further treated (such as polishing). The ceramics have a density of at least 90% (see below), particularly in the range of 97% to 100%, particularly at least 95% of the theoretical density (i.e., the density of a single crystal). Ceramics can still be polycrystalline, but the volume between grains (compressed or compressed aggregated grains) is reduced or significantly reduced. Heating under high pressure, such as HIP, can be carried out in an inert gas containing, for example, one or more of N2 and argon (Ar). In particular, prior to heating under high pressure, there is a sintering treatment at a temperature selected from the range of 1400 to 1900°C, such as 1500 to 1800°C. Such sintering is 10 -2The process may be carried out under reduced pressure, such as a pressure of Pa or less. Such sintering can already yield a density of at least 95%, and more particularly, at least 99%, of the theoretical density. After both pre-sintering and heating, especially under high pressure, such as HIP, the density of the light-transmitting material can approach that of a single crystal. However, the difference is that since the light-transmitting material is polycrystalline, grain boundaries are available in the light-transmitting material. Such grain boundaries can be detected, for example, by optical microscopy or SEM. Thus, in this specification, the light-transmitting material refers in particular to a sintered polycrystalline material having substantially the same density as a single crystal (of the same material). Thus, such a light-transmitting material is (especially Ce 3+ (Excluding absorption by light-absorbing species such as [specific species]) it may have high transparency to visible light.

[0066] In other embodiments, the luminescent body may have a single crystal.

[0067] Several further embodiments are described below.

[0068] In certain embodiments, the first luminescent material and the second luminescent material are different luminescent materials. Therefore, in embodiments, when the first luminescent material and the second luminescent material are irradiated with light that can be converted into luminescent material light (i.e., "excitation light"), they supply luminescent material light having different spectral power distributions. In particular, in embodiments, when the first luminescent material and the second luminescent material are irradiated with the same light that can be converted into luminescent material light by both luminescent materials, such as UV and / or blue radiation, they supply luminescent material light having different spectral power distributions. However, in yet another embodiment, the first luminescent material and the second luminescent material may be the same luminescent material.

[0069] If the luminescent materials are the same, it may be possible to supply a light beam consisting of one or more contributions of different luminescent material light from the luminescent body, which essentially all have the same spectral power distribution. In this manner, the spatial power distribution may be controllable in certain embodiments. If the first luminescent material and the second luminescent material are different luminescent materials, it may be possible to supply white light or colored light, which in certain embodiments may have controllable spatial power distribution and spectral power distribution. In yet other specific embodiments, the correlated color temperature of the light may be controllable. Note that the term "light" here may refer in embodiments to luminescent material light and light from an optional light source (see below for further consideration of the light generation system).

[0070] In embodiments, both luminescent materials may be configured to supply luminescent material light having a color point in the visible range. In such embodiments, the spectral power distributions may be the same or different. Alternatively, the color points may be the same or different (see also above).

[0071] In certain embodiments, the colors or color points of the first type of light and the second type of light may differ such that the respective color points of the first type of light and the second type of light differ by at least 0.01 with respect to u' and / or at least 0.01 with respect to v', and more particularly by at least 0.02 with respect to u' and / or at least 0.02 with respect to v'. In even more particular embodiments, the respective color points of the first type of light and the second type of light may differ by at least 0.03 with respect to u' and / or at least 0.03 with respect to v', where u' and v' are the color coordinates of the light in the CIE 1976 UCS (Uniform Chromaticity) diagram.

[0072] In other specific embodiments, the colors or color points of the first type of light and the second type of light may be essentially the same if the respective color points of the first type of light and the second type of light differ by up to 0.03 with respect to u' and / or up to 0.03 with respect to v', and more particularly by up to 0.02 with respect to u' and / or up to 0.02 with respect to v'. In even more specific embodiments, the respective color points of the first type of light and the second type of light may differ by up to 0.01 with respect to u' and / or up to 0.01 with respect to v', where u' and v' are the color coordinates of the light in the CIE 1976 UCS (Uniform Chromaticity) diagram.

[0073] In certain embodiments, at least two spectral power distributions of the device light (in at least two respective operating modes) may have centroid wavelengths that differ by at least 10 nm, such as a difference of at least 20 nm or at least 30 nm, selected from the range of 30 to 200 nm.

[0074] In certain embodiments, one of the first luminescent material and the second luminescent material is A3B5O 12 :Selected from Ce-type luminescent materials, where A comprises one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb, and Lu, and B comprises one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc. The other luminescent material may be another luminescent material, such as those described above. Garnet-type luminescent materials may be very thermally stable. In particular, in embodiments, the first luminescent material is A3B5O 12 :Ce type, where A comprises one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb and Lu, and B comprises one or more of Al, Ga, In and Sc. However, in other embodiments, the first luminescent material and the second luminescent material are A3B5O 12Selected from Ce-type luminescent materials, A comprises one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb, and Lu, and B comprises one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc.

[0075] It should be noted that, in this specification, there may be two or more types of luminescent bodies, each having two or more types of luminescent materials. Alternatively, or in addition, the second luminescent material may have different second luminescent materials, and the different second luminescent materials may be optionally spatially separated (across the matrix). This may allow for control of the spectral power distribution of the light. As stated above, it should be noted that the term “light” as used herein may, in embodiments, refer to the light from the luminescent material and the light from an optional light source (see further below when considering the light generation system). However, in particular, the second luminescent material may be uniformly distributed across the matrix (material).

[0076] In embodiments, the array has a plurality of luminescent bodies. At a minimum, the array has two luminescent bodies, such as at least four luminescent bodies. In certain embodiments, the array may contain up to about 1600 luminescent bodies, but more luminescent bodies are also possible. In particular, the luminescent bodies may have an equivalent circle diameter in the range of 0.5 to 50 mm, such as 1 to 50 mm in particular embodiments, such as 1 to 40 mm (see also above), but smaller or larger sizes are also possible, such as 1 to 20 mm in embodiments, such as 0.5 to 25 mm, such as selected from the range of 0.2 to 50 mm. In particular, the array may have up to about 100 luminescent bodies. In embodiments, the array is an n*m array, where n and m are each individually selected from the range of at least 3. In certain embodiments, n and m are each individually selected from the range up to about 40. The array may be regular, random, or semi-random. In particular, in the embodiment, the array of luminescent bodies is a regular 2D array. Thus, in the embodiment, there may be one or two constant pitches. However, other arrays, such as phyllotaxis tessellation or sunflower tessellation, may also be possible.

[0077] In some embodiments, at least about 5%, particularly at least about 10%, of the cross-sectional area of ​​the configuration may be defined by the luminescent body (or its cross-sectional area). Furthermore, in some embodiments, up to about 90%, particularly up to about 80%, of the cross-sectional area of ​​the configuration may be defined by the luminescent body (or its cross-sectional area). Thus, in some particular embodiments, the luminescent body has a first total cross-sectional area A1, the matrix has a second total cross-sectional area A2, and 0.1 ≤ A1 / A2 ≤ 4. In particular embodiments, 0.2 ≤ A1 / A2 ≤ 4, such as 1 ≤ A1 / A2 ≤ 4, such as 0.5 ≤ A1 / A2 ≤ 4. Furthermore, in some particular embodiments, 0.1 ≤ A1 / A2 ≤ 2, such as 1 ≤ A1 / A2 ≤ 2, such as 0.5 ≤ A1 / A2 ≤ 2.

[0078] Furthermore, in certain embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the luminescent body defines an equivalent diameter D, and the shortest distance (d1) between adjacent luminescent bodies is selected from the range 0.1*D ≤ d1 ≤ 4*D. More specifically, the shortest distance (d1) between adjacent luminescent bodies may be selected from the range 0.2*D ≤ d1 ≤ 2*D, such as 0.5*D ≤ d1 ≤ 1*D.

[0079] As described above, the above configuration may be the main body in the embodiment. Such a main body may be self-supporting. However, this is not necessarily the case. Furthermore, the above configuration is not necessarily the main body.

[0080] Accordingly, in embodiments, a support may be used to support the configuration. The support may have several properties selected from reflectivity, transmittance, and thermal conductivity. The former two may be relevant in terms of a reflective or transmittance configuration (see below), and the latter may be relevant in terms of thermal management. Accordingly, in embodiments, the luminescence configuration may further have a support configured to support the luminescence body and the matrix, and in certain embodiments, the support may be reflective or transmittance to light. Note that the term "light" herein may, in embodiments, refer to light from a light source and / or light from the luminescence material (see further below when considering the light generation system).

[0081] Furthermore, the support may be thermally conductive. Therefore, the support may have a thermally conductive material. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the support may be a heat sink or heat spreader, or in some embodiments, another thermally conductive element such as a reflective heat sink or reflective heat spreader. In other embodiments, the support may be thermally coupled to a heat sink or heat spreader.

[0082] The thermally conductive element, in particular, has a thermally conductive material. The thermally conductive material may have a thermal conductivity of at least about 20 W / (m*K), such as at least about 30 W / (m*K), at least about 100 W / (m*K), and especially at least about 200 W / (m*K). In other specific embodiments, the thermally conductive material may have a thermal conductivity of at least about 10 W / (m / k).

[0083] In embodiments, the thermally conductive material may have one or more of the following: copper, aluminum, silver, gold, silicon carbide, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, aluminum silicon carbide, beryllium oxide, silicon carbide composite, aluminum silicon carbide, copper tungsten alloy, copper molybdenum carbide, carbon, diamond, and graphite. Alternatively, or in addition, the thermally conductive material may have aluminum oxide or be composed of aluminum oxide.

[0084] The aforementioned thermal conductive element may have a heat sink.

[0085] Heat sinks are well known in the art. The term "heat sink" (or heat sink) may also refer to a passive heat exchanger that transfers heat generated by a device, such as an electronic or mechanical device, to a fluid (cooling) medium, often air or a coolant. The heat is then (at least partially) dissipated away from the device. Heat sinks are designed in particular to maximize the surface area of ​​the heat sink that is in contact with the fluid cooling medium surrounding it. Therefore, heat sinks may have multiple fins. For example, the heat sink may be a body from which multiple fins extend.

[0086] A heat sink is, in particular, made of a thermally conductive material (more particularly, composed of a thermally conductive material).

[0087] The term "heat sink" can sometimes refer to multiple (different) heat sinks.

[0088] A heat spreader may be configured to transfer energy as heat from a first element to a second element. The second element may be, in particular, a heat sink or a heat exchanger. A heat spreader may be passive or active. Embodiments of a passive heat spreader may have a plate or block of a material having high thermal conductivity, such as copper, aluminum, or diamond. An active heat spreader may be configured to accelerate heat transfer by consuming energy as work supplied by an external source. In this specification, the heat spreader may be, in particular, a passive heat spreader. Alternatively, or in addition, the heat spreader may be an active heat spreader, such as selected from a group of heat pipes and vapor chambers.

[0089] The luminescence configuration may be used in particular in combination with one or more light sources. Accordingly, in yet another aspect, the present invention provides a photogenerating system having one or more light sources and a luminescence configuration as defined herein, wherein the one or more light sources are configured to generate one or more beams of light, and the luminescence configuration is configured to be in a light-receiving relationship with the one or more light sources.

[0090] The term "light source" can, in principle, refer to any light source known in the art. It may be a conventional (tungsten) light bulb, a low-pressure mercury lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, a fluorescent lamp, or an LED (light-emitting diode). In certain embodiments, the light source has a solid-state LED light source (such as an LED or laser diode (or "diode laser")). The term "light source" may also refer to multiple light sources, such as 2 to 200 (solid-state) LED light sources. Thus, the term "LED" may refer to multiple LEDs. Furthermore, in embodiments, the term "light source" may refer to a so-called chip-on-board (COB) light source. The term "COB" specifically refers to an LED chip in the form of a semiconductor chip that is not encapsulated, not connected, and directly mounted on a substrate such as a PCB. Thus, multiple optical semiconductor light sources may be configured on the same substrate. In embodiments, the COB is a multi-LED chip configured together as a single lighting module.

[0091] The light source has a light escape surface. For conventional light sources such as incandescent bulbs or fluorescent lamps, the light escape surface may be the outer surface of a glass or quartz envelope. In the case of LEDs, the light escape surface may be, for example, the LED die, or, if a resin is coated on the LED die, the outer surface of the resin. In principle, the light escape surface may also be the end of a fiber. The term escape surface refers, in particular, to the portion of the light source from which light actually exits or escapes. The light source is configured to supply a light beam. (Thus) this light beam escapes from the light-emitting surface of the light source.

[0092] The term “light source” may refer to semiconductor light-emitting devices such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), resonant cavity light-emitting diodes (RCLEDs), vertical cavity laser diodes (VCSELs), and end-face emission lasers. The term “light source” may also refer to organic light-emitting diodes such as passive matrix (PMOLEDs) or active matrix (AMOLEDs). In certain embodiments, the light source has a solid-state light source (such as an LED or laser diode). In embodiments, the light source has an LED (light-emitting diode). The terms “light source” or “solid-state light source” may also refer to a superluminescent diode (SLED).

[0093] The term "LED" can refer to multiple LEDs. Furthermore, the term "light source" can, in embodiments, refer to a so-called chip-on-board (COB) light source. The term "COB" specifically refers to an LED chip in the form of a semiconductor chip that is not encapsulated, not connected, and directly mounted on a substrate such as a PCB. Therefore, multiple semiconductor light sources may be configured on the same substrate. In embodiments, the COB is a multi-LED chip configured together as a single lighting module.

[0094] The term “light source” may also refer to multiple (essentially identical (or different)) light sources, such as 2 to 2000 solid-state light sources. In embodiments, the light source may have one or more micro-optical elements (arrays of microlenses) downstream of a single solid-state light source, such as an LED, or downstream of multiple solid-state light sources (i.e., shared by multiple LEDs, for example). In embodiments, the light source may have an LED with an on-chip optical system. In embodiments, the light source has a single pixelated LED (with or without an optical system) (which, in embodiments, provides on-chip beam steering).

[0095] In embodiments, the light sources, such as a blue light source like a blue LED, a green light source like a green LED, and a red light source like a red LED, may be configured to supply primary radiation used as themselves. Such LEDs, which may not contain luminescent material ("phosphor"), may be referred to as direct color LEDs.

[0096] However, in other embodiments, the light source may be configured to supply primary radiation, a portion of which is converted into secondary radiation. The secondary radiation may be based on conversion by a luminescent material. Thus, the secondary radiation may also be referred to as luminescent material radiation. In embodiments, the luminescent material may be included by the light source, such as an LED having a luminescent material layer or dome containing the luminescent material. Such an LED may be referred to as a phosphor-converted LED or a PC LED. In other embodiments, the luminescent material may be configured at some distance ("remotely") from the light source, such as an LED having a luminescent material layer that is not in physical contact with the die of the LED. Thus, in certain embodiments, the light source may, during operation, emit light at wavelengths selected from at least 380 to 470 nm. However, other wavelengths may also be possible. This light may be used in part by the luminescent material.

[0097] In some embodiments, the photogenerating device may have a luminescent material. In some embodiments, the photogenerating device may have a PC LED. In other embodiments, the photogenerating device may have a direct LED (i.e., without phosphor). In some embodiments, the photogenerating device may have a laser device, such as a laser diode. In some embodiments, the photogenerating device may have a superluminescent diode. Therefore, in some particular embodiments, the light source may be selected from the group of laser diodes and superluminescent diodes. In other embodiments, the light source may have an LED.

[0098] The term “laser light source” specifically refers to a laser. Such a laser may be configured to produce laser light source light having one or more wavelengths in the UV, visible, or infrared range, particularly wavelengths selected from the spectral wavelength range of 200 to 2000 nm, such as 300 to 1500 nm. The term “laser” specifically refers to a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation.

[0099] In particular, in some embodiments, the term "laser" may refer to a solid-state laser. In certain embodiments, the terms "laser" or "laser light source," or similar terms, may refer to a laser diode (or diode laser).

[0100] Accordingly, in embodiments, the light source has a laser light source. In embodiments, the terms “laser” or “solid-state laser” refer to cerium-doped lithium strontium (or calcium) aluminum fluoride (Ce:LiSAF, Ce:LiCAF), chromium-doped chrysoberyl (alexandrite) lasers, chromium-ZnSe (Cr:ZnSe) lasers, divalent samarium-doped calcium fluoride (Sm:CaF2) lasers, Er:YAG lasers, erbium-doped and erbium-ytterbium-co-doped glass. Lasers, F-center lasers, holmium (Ho:YAG) lasers, Nd:YAG lasers, NdCrYAG lasers, neodymium-doped yttrium calcium oxoborate Nd:YCa4O(BO3)3 or Nd:YCOB, neodymium-doped orthovanadium yttrium (Nd:YVO4) lasers, neodymium glass (Nd:glass) lasers, neodymium YLF (Nd:YLF) solid-state lasers, promethium-147-doped phosphate glass (147Pm 3+ Solid-state laser (glass), ruby ​​laser (Al2O3:Cr 3+ ), Thulium YAG (Tm:YAG) laser, Titanium sapphire (Ti:Sapphire; Al2O3:Ti 3+ This may refer to one or more of the following: lasers, trivalent uranium-doped calcium fluoride (U:CaF2) solid-state lasers, ytterbium-doped glass lasers (rods, plates / tips, and fibers), ytterbium YAG (Yb:YAG) lasers, Yb2O3 (glass or ceramic) lasers, etc.

[0101] In embodiments, the terms “laser” or “solid-state laser” may refer to one or more semiconductor laser diodes, such as GaN, InGaN, AlGaInP, AlGaAs, InGaAsP, lead salts, vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs), quantum cascade lasers, and hybrid silicon lasers.

[0102] Lasers may be combined with upconverters to reach shorter wavelengths. For example, upconversion can be achieved with some (trivalent) rare earth ions, or with nonlinear crystals. In other examples, lasers such as dye lasers may be combined with downconverters to reach longer wavelengths.

[0103] As can be derived from the following, the term “laser light source” may also refer to multiple (different or identical) laser light sources. In certain embodiments, the term “laser light source” may refer to multiple N (identical) laser light sources. In embodiments, N = 2 or more. In certain embodiments, N may be at least 5, particularly at least 8. In this way, higher brightness may be obtained. In embodiments, the laser light sources may be arranged in a laser bank (see also above). The laser bank may, in embodiments, include a heat sink and / or optical systems, such as lenses for collimating the laser light.

[0104] The laser light source is configured to generate laser light (or "laser light"). The light source may essentially consist of the laser light. The light source may also have laser light from two or more (different or identical) laser light sources. For example, the laser light from the two or more (different or identical) laser light sources may be coupled to an optical guide to supply a single optical beam having the laser light from two or more (different or identical) laser light sources. Thus, in certain embodiments, the light source is, in particular, collimated light. In yet another embodiment, the light source is, in particular, (collimated) laser light.

[0105] The phrases "different light sources" or "multiple different light sources," and similar phrases, may, in embodiments, refer to multiple solid-state light sources selected from at least two different bins. Similarly, the phrases "identical light sources" or "multiple identical light sources," and similar phrases, may, in embodiments, refer to multiple solid-state light sources selected from the same bin.

[0106] The light source is configured to generate light source light having an optical axis (O), beam shape, and spectral power distribution. In embodiments, the light source light may have one or more bands having bandwidths known for lasers. In certain embodiments, the bands may be relatively sharp lines, such as having a full width at half maximum (FWHM) in the range of less than 20 nm at room temperature (RT), such as 10 nm or less. Thus, the light source light has a spectral power distribution (intensity in terms of energy as a function of wavelength) that may include one or more (narrow) bands.

[0107] The beam (of light from a light source) may be a focused or collimated beam of (laser) light from a light source. The term "focused" may, in particular, refer to converging into a small spot. This small spot may be in a discrete converter region, or slightly upstream or slightly downstream of the discrete converter region. In particular, focusing and / or collimation may be such that the cross-sectional shape (perpendicular to the optical axis) of the beam in the discrete converter region (on the side) is not inherently larger than the cross-sectional shape (perpendicular to the optical axis) of the discrete converter region (where the light from the light source illuminates the discrete converter region). Focusing may be performed by one or more optical systems, such as focusing lenses. In particular, two lenses may be used to focus the laser light from the light source. Collimation may be performed by one or more optical systems, such as collimation elements, such as lenses and / or parabolic mirrors. In embodiments, the beam of (laser) light source light may be relatively highly collimated, such as ≤2°(FWHM), more particularly ≤1°(FWHM), and most particularly ≤0.5°(FWHM). Thus, ≤2°(FWHM) can be considered (highly) collimated light source. Optical systems may be used to provide (high) collimation (see also above).

[0108] In certain embodiments, the photogenerating system may have multiple different light sources, such as two or more subsets of light sources, each subset comprising one or more light sources configured to produce light sources having essentially the same spectral power distribution, but different subsets of light sources being configured to produce light sources having different spectral distributions. In such embodiments, the control system may be configured to control the multiple light sources. In certain embodiments, the control system may control subsets of light sources individually.

[0109] The terms “upstream” and “downstream” refer to the arrangement of an item or feature with respect to the propagation of light from a light-generating means (in this case, in particular, the first light source), where a second position in the light beam closer to the light-generating means is “upstream” and a third position in the light beam further away from the light-generating means is “downstream.”

[0110] The terms “radiatively coupled” or “optically coupled” may mean, in particular, that (i) a photogenerating element, such as a light source, and (ii) another item or material are related to each other such that at least a portion of the radiation emitted by the photogenerating element is received by the item or material. In other words, the item or material is configured to be in a light-receiving relationship with the photogenerating element. At least a portion of the radiation from the photogenerating element is received by the item or material. This may be direct, in embodiments, such as the item or material being in physical contact with the photogenerating element (or its light-emitting surface). This may be mediated, in embodiments, through a medium such as air, gas, or a liquid or solid light-guiding material. In embodiments, one or more optical systems, such as lenses, reflectors, or optical filters, may also be configured in the optical path between the photogenerating element and the item or material. The term “light-receiving relationship” does not exclude the presence of intermediate optical elements, such as lenses, collimators, reflectors, or dichroic mirrors, as described above. In some embodiments, the terms “light-receiving relationship” and “downstream” may be essentially synonymous.

[0111] In particular, in the embodiment, the light source is a laser light source. Furthermore, in a specific embodiment, the system has a plurality of light sources arranged in an array.

[0112] The luminescent material is configured to convert at least a portion of the light source into luminescent material light. In an embodiment, the photogenerating system has a plurality of light sources, a first subset of one or more light sources configured to generate first light source light, a second subset of one or more light sources configured to generate second light source light, the spectral power distributions of the first light source light and the second light source light are different, the first luminescent material may convert at least a portion of the first light source light into first luminescent material light, and optionally convert some of the second light source light into first luminescent material light, and the second luminescent material is configured to convert at least a portion of the second light source light into first luminescent material light, and optionally convert some of the first light source light into second luminescent material light. Thus, in a particular embodiment, the spectral power distribution of the light source light may be controllable.

[0113] However, in other embodiments, all of the one or more light sources are configured to produce light sources having essentially the same spectral power distribution, such as LEDs or diodes in the same bin.

[0114] In the following, the photogeneration system will be described broadly in relation to the light source, regardless of whether or not the spectral power distribution of the light source can be controlled.

[0115] Accordingly, as described above, the present invention also provides a light generation system having one or more light sources and a luminescence configuration as defined herein, wherein the one or more light sources are configured to generate one or more beams of light from the light sources, the luminescence configuration is configured to be in a light-receiving relationship with the one or more light sources, and the first luminescence material and the second luminescence material are configured to convert at least a portion of the light from the light sources received by the first luminescence material and the second luminescence material into first luminescence material light and second luminescence material light, respectively.

[0116] The phrase "The first luminescent material and the second luminescent material are configured to convert at least a portion of the light source received by the first luminescent material and the second luminescent material into first luminescent material light and second luminescent material light, respectively" may indicate, in particular, that (a) when the first luminescent material receives the light source, the first luminescent material may, in particular, convert at least a portion of the light source into first luminescent material light, and (b) when the second luminescent material receives the light source, the second luminescent material may, in particular, convert at least a portion of the light source into second luminescent material light. However, in embodiments, in an operating mode, either only the first luminescent material or only the second luminescent material may receive the light source.

[0117] In general, the spatial power distribution of the light source may be controllable. This may be possible in embodiments based on one or more of the following options: (i) the photogenerating system has multiple light sources, such as an array of light sources, and each light source is individually controllable; and (ii) the photogenerating system has a controllable optical system.

[0118] The spatial power distribution of the light sources from the plurality of light sources may be controlled by a controllable light source. Therefore, in embodiments, a control system may be configured to control the plurality of light sources. For example, if the focus can be controlled, or if the degree of focusing can be controlled, the spatial power distribution of the light sources from the plurality of light sources may be controlled by an optical system. Examples of such optical systems include movable optical systems or liquid crystal-based lenses or electrowetting-based lenses. In embodiments, a moving mirror or scanning mirror may be used as the controllable optical system. In yet another embodiment, the controllable optical system may have a liquid crystal-based diffuser. In embodiments, the optical system may have a controllable focal length. In yet another embodiment, the optical system may have a micromirror device. The micromirror device may, in particular, be based on extremely small mirrors. The micromirror device may, in particular, be a micro-electromechanical system (MEMS). The term “optical system” may refer to one or more optical elements, such as one or more lenses and / or one or more mirrors.

[0119] In certain embodiments, the system may have multiple light sources, two or more of which may be optionally combined with optical systems to supply light to only one (each) luminescent body. Thus, there may be sets of luminescent bodies and light sources, each light source essentially radiating to only its own luminescent body. In this way, for example, it may be possible to switch the emission of light from a particular luminescent body on or off. In particular embodiments, the system may have k1 sets of each luminescent body and light source (and optionally optical systems), each light source configured to illuminate a particular luminescent body in its operating mode. In particular embodiments, k1 ≥ 2, such as k1 ≥ 4. Thus, in certain embodiments, the system has multiple light sources arranged in an array. In certain embodiments, the array of luminescent bodies and the array of light sources have essentially the same symmetry.

[0120] One or more beams may be generated in the optical system and / or the plurality of light sources. When the plurality of beams are controlled, the spatial power distribution can be controlled, and / or when the optical system is controlled, the spatial power distribution of the one or more beams can also be controlled. Accordingly, in embodiments, the control system may be configured to control the optical system. Thus, in certain embodiments, the one or more beams may have a spatial power distribution with respect to the luminescence configuration, the spatial power distribution is controllable, and the photogenerating system further includes a control system configured to control (i) the one or more light sources and (ii) one or more spatial power distributions of the one or more beams of the one or more light sources with respect to the luminescence configuration.

[0121] In particular, in some embodiments, the one or more light sources are selected from a group consisting of LEDs, laser diodes, and superluminescent diodes. In other embodiments, the one or more light sources are selected from a group consisting of LEDs. In yet another embodiment, the one or more light sources are selected from a group consisting of laser diodes. In a particular embodiment, if there are multiple light sources, the light sources are selected from the same bin.

[0122] As described above, in embodiments, the spatial distribution of the beam may be controlled. In this approach, for example, it may be possible to address only one or more luminescent bodies, or the luminescent bodies and the matrix, or substantially only the matrix. In this approach, it may be possible to control the spatial distribution of the beam of luminescent light and / or the spectral power distribution of the luminescent light. Furthermore, since the light escaping from the configuration may be a combination of luminescent light from one or more luminescent materials and light from a light source, in embodiments, it may also be possible to control the spectral power distribution of the system light. The system light is the light escaping from the photogenerating system during the operation of the system. In the operating mode, the system light may have light from one or more luminescent materials, including the first luminescent material and the second luminescent material, and optionally, light from one or more light sources. In certain embodiments, the control system may be configured to control the spectral power distribution of the system light.

[0123] In certain embodiments, the system light may be visible light. Furthermore, in certain embodiments, the system light may be white light in one or more operating modes. In certain embodiments, the control system may be configured to control one or more of the color point and color temperature of the system light.

[0124] In some embodiments, the photogenerating system may be configured to irradiate the luminescent body with at least 80% of the light source and the matrix with up to 20% of the light source during the operating mode. In certain embodiments, the photogenerating system may be configured to irradiate the luminescent body with at least 90% of the light source and the matrix with up to 10% of the light source during the operating mode. In such embodiments, essentially only first luminescent material light can be generated.

[0125] In other embodiments, the photogenerating system may be configured to irradiate the luminescent body with up to 20% of the light source and the matrix with at least 80% of the light source during the operating mode. In certain other embodiments, the photogenerating system may be configured to irradiate the luminescent body with up to 10% of the light source and the matrix with at least 90% of the light source during the operating mode. In such embodiments, essentially only second luminescent material light can be generated.

[0126] Accordingly, in yet another embodiment, the light generation system may be configured to irradiate the luminescent body with x% of the light source and the matrix with 100-x% of the light source during the operating mode. In this specification, x can vary between 0 and 100, such as in the range of 30 to 70, or 20 to 80, or 0 to 10, or 90 to 100. However, other ranges may also be possible.

[0127] The above configuration may be configured such that the configuration is in reflection mode with respect to the light source. However, in other embodiments, the above configuration may be configured such that the configuration is in transmission mode with respect to the light source.

[0128] In the reflection mode, one or more dichroic beam splitters may be applied as desired. Such an optical system may, in embodiments, be used to reflect light from a luminescent material and transmit light from a light source, or to reflect light from a light source and transmit light from a luminescent material.

[0129] In the transmission mode, it may be relatively easy to mix the light from the light source with the light from the luminescent material. This may be useful in generating a desirable spectral power distribution. In the reflection mode, thermal management may be easier because a significant portion of the luminescent material may be in thermal contact with a heat-conductive element such as a heat sink or heat spreader. In the reflection mode, a portion of the light from the light source may be reflected by the luminescent material and / or a reflector, in embodiments, and mixed with the light from the luminescent material. (In the reflection mode,) the reflector may be configured downstream of the luminescent material.

[0130] The term “white light” as used herein is known to those skilled in the art. The white light relates in particular to light having a correlated color temperature (CCT) between about 1800K and 20000K, such as between about 2000K and 20000K, particularly between 2700K and 20000K, and in the case of general illumination, particularly in the range of about 2700K to 6500K. In embodiments, for backlight applications, the correlated color temperature (CCT) may be particularly in the range of about 7000 to 20000K. Further embodiments, the correlated color temperature (CCT) may be particularly within about 15 SDCM (standard deviation of color matching) from the blackbody locus (BBL), particularly within about 10 SDCM from the BBL, and even more particularly within about 5 SDCM from the BBL.

[0131] The terms “visible,” “visible light,” or “visible emission,” and similar terms, refer to light having one or more wavelengths in the range of approximately 380 to 780 nm. In this specification, UV may refer in particular to wavelengths selected from the range of 200 to 380 nm.

[0132] In this specification, the terms “light” and “radiation” are used interchangeably unless the context makes it clear that “light” refers only to visible light. Therefore, the terms “light” and “radiation” may refer to UV radiation, visible light, and IR radiation. In certain embodiments, particularly for lighting applications, the terms “light” and “radiation” refer to (at least) visible light.

[0133] The term “violet light” or “violet emission” particularly refers to light having a wavelength in the range of approximately 380 to 440 nm. The term “blue light” or “blue emission” particularly refers to light having a wavelength in the range of approximately 440 to 495 nm (including some violet and cyan hues). The term “green light” or “green emission” particularly refers to light having a wavelength in the range of approximately 495 to 570 nm. The term “yellow light” or “yellow emission” particularly refers to light having a wavelength in the range of approximately 570 to 590 nm. The term “orange light” or “orange emission” particularly refers to light having a wavelength in the range of approximately 590 to 620 nm. The term “red light” or “red emission” particularly refers to light having a wavelength in the range of approximately 620 to 780 nm. The term “pink light” or “pink emission” refers to light having a blue component and a red component. The term “cyan” may refer to one or more wavelengths selected from the range of approximately 490 to 520 nm. The term "amber" can refer to one or more wavelengths selected from the range of approximately 585 to 605 nm, such as approximately 590 to 600 nm.

[0134] The terms “control” and similar terms particularly mean at least determining the behavior of an element or supervising the operation of an element. Accordingly, in this specification, “control” and similar terms may mean imposing behavior on the element (determining the behavior of an element or supervising the operation of an element), such as measuring, displaying, operating, opening, shifting, changing temperature, etc. The terms “control” and similar terms may further include monitoring. Accordingly, the terms “control” and similar terms may include imposing behavior on an element, and may include imposing behavior on an element and monitoring the element. Control of the element may be performed by a control system, which may be referred to as a “controller.” Accordingly, the control system and the element may be functionally coupled, at least temporarily or permanently. The element may have the control system. In embodiments, the control system and the element may not be physically coupled. Control may be performed via wired and / or wireless control. The term "control system" may also refer to multiple different control systems that are functionally coupled, for example, one of the multiple different control systems may be a master control system, and one or more other control systems may be slave control systems. The control system may have a user interface, or may be functionally coupled to a user interface.

[0135] The control system may also be configured to receive and execute commands from a remote control device. In some embodiments, the control system may be controlled via an app on a portable device such as an iPhone or another type of smartphone or tablet. Thus, the device is not necessarily coupled to the lighting system, but may be functionally coupled to it (temporarily).

[0136] Accordingly, in embodiments, the control system may be configured to be controlled by an application on a remote device. In such embodiments, the control system of the lighting system may be a slave control system or may be controlled in slave mode. For example, the lighting system may be identifiable by a code, in particular a unique code for each lighting system. The control system of the lighting system may be configured to be controlled by an external control system that accesses the lighting system based on knowledge entered by a user interface equipped with an optical sensor (e.g., a QR code reader) of the (unique) code. The lighting system may also have means for communicating with other systems or devices based on Bluetooth, WIFI, LiFi, ZigBee, BLE or WiMAX, or other wireless technology.

[0137] The system, apparatus, or device may perform operations in a certain “mode,” “operating mode,” “operation mode,” or “operatable mode.” Similarly, in a method, an operation, or a stage, or a step may be performed in a certain “mode,” “operating mode,” “operation mode,” or “operatable mode.” This does not exclude the fact that the system, apparatus, or device may be adapted to provide another control mode, or a number of other control modes. Similarly, this does not exclude the fact that one or more other modes may be performed before and / or after the execution of the mode.

[0138] However, in embodiments, a control system adapted to provide at least the control mode may be available. If other modes are available, the selection of such modes may be performed in particular via a user interface, but other options may also be available, such as performing the mode depending on a sensor signal or (time) scheme. In embodiments, the operating mode may also refer to a system, apparatus, or device that can only operate in a single operating mode (i.e., "on" with no further adjustability).

[0139] Accordingly, in embodiments, the control system may be controlled by relying on one or more of the following: input signals from a user interface, sensor signals (from a sensor), and timers. The term "timer" may refer to a clock and / or a predetermined time scheme.

[0140] In particular, the control system may be configured to control a plurality of light sources (included by the system). In embodiments, the light sources may be configured to produce light sources having essentially the same spectral power distribution. Furthermore, in embodiments, the control system may be configured to control an optical system that can be used to shape the beam of light sources.

[0141] Multiple beams of light from different light sources can form a single beam of light.

[0142] In embodiments, the control system may be configured to control the spectral power distribution of the system light. In particular, the system light may have one or more of the first luminescent material light and the second luminescent material light (in one or more operating modes).

[0143] The light generation system may be, for example, part of or used in an office lighting system, a home application system, a store lighting system, a home lighting system, an accent lighting system, a spot lighting system, a theater lighting system, an optical fiber application system, a projection system, a self-lit display system, a pixelated display system, a segmented display system, a warning sign system, a medical lighting application system, an indicator sign system, a decorative lighting system, a portable system, an automotive application, an (outdoor) road lighting system, an urban lighting system, a greenhouse lighting system, horticultural lighting, digital projection, or an LCD backlight. The light generation system (or the lighting fixture) may be, for example, part of an optical communication system or a disinfection system, or used in or used in such a system.

[0144] In yet another embodiment, the present invention also provides a lamp or luminaire having a light-generating system as defined herein. The luminaire may further include a housing, optical elements, louvers, etc. The lamp or luminaire may further include a housing enclosing the light-generating system. The lamp or luminaire may have a light window or housing opening in the housing, through which the system light can escape from the housing. In yet another embodiment, the present invention also provides a projection device having a light-generating system as defined herein. In particular, a projection device or "projector" or "image projector" may be an optical device that projects an image (or video) onto a surface such as a projection screen. The projection device may include one or more light-generating systems as described herein. Accordingly, in one embodiment, the present invention also provides a light-generating device selected from the group of lamps, luminaires, projector devices, disinfection devices, and optical wireless communication devices, having a light-generating system as defined herein. In the embodiment, the light generation system or the lamp may have a (dynamic) spotlight.

[0145] The photogenerating device may have a housing configured to house or a carrier configured to support one or more elements of the photogenerating system. For example, in an embodiment, the photogenerating device may have a housing configured to house or a carrier configured to support one or more of the above components and one or more light sources, optionally one or more optical systems, etc.

[0146] In certain embodiments, the term UV radiation may refer to near-UV radiation (NUV). Therefore, in this specification, the term "(N)UV" is also used to refer to UV in general and to NUV in certain embodiments. In certain embodiments, the term IR radiation may refer to near-IR radiation (NIR). Therefore, in this specification, the term "(N)IR" is also used to refer to IR in general and to NIR in certain embodiments.

[0147] In this specification, UV (ultraviolet light) may particularly refer to wavelengths selected from the range of 190 to 380 nm, but other wavelengths may also be present in certain embodiments.

[0148] In this specification, IR (infrared radiation) may refer in particular to radiation having wavelengths selected from the range of 780 to 3000 nm, such as 780 to 2000 nm, up to about 1500 nm, for example, at least 900 nm, although other wavelengths may be present in certain embodiments. Accordingly, the term IR may refer in this specification to one or more of near-infrared (NIR (or IR-A)) and short-wavelength infrared (SWIR (or IR-B)), in particular NIR. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0149] Herein, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, where corresponding reference numerals indicate corresponding parts, as merely one example. [Figure 1a] Several aspects and embodiments are schematically illustrated. [Figure 1b] Several aspects and embodiments are schematically illustrated. [Figure 1c] Several aspects and embodiments are schematically illustrated. [Figure 1d] Several aspects and embodiments are schematically illustrated. [Figure 1e] Several aspects and embodiments are schematically illustrated. [Figure 2] Several application examples are illustrated in a schematic diagram.

[0150] The schematic drawings are not necessarily to scale. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0151] Figure 1a schematically illustrates a luminescent configuration 2000 having an array 2005 of luminescent bodies 2100 and a matrix 2210 that is at least partially configured between the luminescent bodies 2100.

[0152] The luminescent body 2100 has a first luminescent material 2110. The matrix 2210 has a light-transmitting material 2215. The light-transmitting material 2215 has a second luminescent material 2220.

[0153] In particular, the first luminescent material 2110 and the light-transmitting material 2215 are different materials.

[0154] Furthermore, in the embodiment, the luminescent body 2100 has a ceramic body.

[0155] In embodiments, the matrix 2210 is defined by a continuous phase 2230 comprising luminescent particles 2240 embedded in the continuous phase 2230. In embodiments, the luminescent particles 2240 may include a second luminescent material 2220.

[0156] In particular, in some embodiments, the luminescent body 2100 may be embedded at least partially in the continuous phase 2230. In some embodiments, the continuous phase 2230 has an organic polymer material. Alternatively, or in addition, in some embodiments, the continuous phase 2230 has an inorganic material. However, other embodiments are also possible.

[0157] In certain embodiments, the first luminescent material 2110 and the second luminescent material 2220 are different luminescent materials. In other specific embodiments, the first luminescent material 2110 and the second luminescent material 2220 are the same luminescent material.

[0158] In particular, in the embodiment, the first luminescent material 2110 and / or the second luminescent material 2220 are, in particular, at least the first luminescent material 2110 is A3B5O 12 Selected from Ce-type luminescent materials, A comprises one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb, and Lu, and B comprises one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc.

[0159] In one embodiment, the array 2105 of the luminescent body 2100 is a regular 2D array. Thus, as schematically illustrated, each of the arrays 2105 has an equal pitch in one direction or an equal pitch in two directions.

[0160] In certain embodiments, the luminescent body 2100 may have a first total cross-sectional area A1, and the matrix 2210 may have a second total cross-sectional area A2, such that 0.1 ≤ A1 / A2 ≤ 4.

[0161] In particular, in the embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the luminescent body 2100 defines the equivalent diameter D of a circle, and the shortest distance d1 between adjacent luminescent bodies 2100 is selected from the range of 0.1*D ≤ d1 ≤ 4*D.

[0162] The luminescent body in Figure 1a has a length L1 and a width W1 that define the cross-sectional area A1. The shortest distance d1 is also shown by L2 and W2, where L2 and W2 are the shortest distances in the length direction and width direction, respectively.

[0163] Figure 1b schematically illustrates several embodiments. In embodiments I and V, the heights of the luminescent body 2100 and the matrix 2210 are essentially the same. In embodiments II and IV, the height of the luminescent body 2100 is lower than the height of the matrix 2210. In embodiment IV, the matrix 2210 may even surround the luminescent body 2100. In embodiment III, the height of the luminescent body 2100 is higher than the height of the matrix 2210. The height of the luminescent body 2100 is indicated by H, and the height of the matrix 2210 is indicated by H1.

[0164] Figure 1b also schematically illustrates an embodiment of a luminescent configuration 2000, further comprising a support 400 configured to support the luminescent body 2100 and the matrix 2210. In this embodiment, the support 400 may be reflective or transmittance to light.

[0165] In the embodiment shown in Figure 1b, the support 400 may be particularly reflective. In Embodiment I of Figure 1b, the reflection mode is illustrated.

[0166] Reference numeral 300 schematically illustrates a control system, which may be configured to control one or more light sources 10 and / or optical systems 450 (see also below).

[0167] Accordingly, Figure 1b also schematically illustrates an embodiment of a photogenerating system 1000 having one or more light sources 10 and a luminescence configuration 2000 as described herein.

[0168] One or more light sources 10 are configured, in particular, to generate one or more beams 12 of light source light 11.

[0169] In embodiments, one or more light sources 10 may be selected from the group consisting of LEDs, laser diodes, and superluminescent diodes. In particular, in embodiments, one or more light sources 10 may have laser diodes.

[0170] As schematically shown in the diagram, the luminescence configuration 2000 is configured to be in a light-receiving relationship with one or more light sources 10.

[0171] In particular, the first luminescent material 2110 and the second luminescent material 2220 are configured to convert at least a portion of the light source light 11 received by the first luminescent material 2110 and the second luminescent material 2220 into first luminescent material light 2111 and second luminescent material light 2221, respectively.

[0172] Reference numeral 450 indicates an optical system, which may be particularly controllable. As described above, in the embodiments, a moving mirror or a scanning mirror may be used as the controllable optical system. In yet another embodiment, the controllable optical system may have a liquid crystal-based diffuser. In the embodiments, the optical system may have a controllable focal length. In yet another embodiment, the optical system may have a micromirror device. The micromirror device may be particularly based on extremely small mirrors. The micromirror device may be particularly a micro-electromechanical system (MEMS). The term “optical system” may refer to one or more optical elements, such as one or more lenses and / or one or more mirrors. Accordingly, the optical system may be controllable by a control system 300, etc.

[0173] For example, optical systems other than those shown in the diagram may be available, such as (polarizing) beam splitters, dichroic beam splitters, half mirrors, mirrors, and so on.

[0174] Here, the optical system 450 is illustrated in a very schematic manner. Furthermore, the system is schematically illustrated in reflection mode. However, transmission mode may also be possible.

[0175] In reflection mode, one or more dichroic beam splitters may be optionally applied (not shown). Such optical systems may, in embodiments, be used to reflect luminescent material light and transmit light from a light source, or to reflect light from a light source and transmit light from a luminescent material.

[0176] Reference numeral 1001 indicates system light that can escape from the system. In the operating mode, system light 1001 may have one or more of (a1) first luminescent material light 2111 and (a2) second luminescent material light 2221, and optionally also have light from a light source 11. For example, the spectral power distribution of system light 1001 may be controllable by the optical system and / or the selection of which light source 10 supplies the light (or the intensity of the light 11 from each light source 10).

[0177] Embodiments VI to IX (and Embodiment I) schematically illustrate many non-limiting embodiments of how different components of the structure can be illuminated by the light source 11.

[0178] Embodiment VI shows a light source in which the beam 12 of light source light from the light source is controllable by an optical system 450 which may be controllable. These optical systems may have, for example, a controllable focus (in the depth direction) and / or be movable in the lateral direction.

[0179] Embodiment VII shows an array of light sources 10 optionally comprising optical systems 450. These optical systems do not necessarily have to be controllable. However, since the light sources 10 can be controlled, the beam 12 of the light source 11 can also be controlled.

[0180] For example, referring to embodiments VI and VII, the light source 10 may be a laser light source.

[0181] Embodiments VIII and IX schematically illustrate transmission modes. Embodiment VIII shows a light-transmitting support 400. Embodiment IX shows a self-supporting configuration 2000. In Embodiment VIII, a controllable lens is shown as an example controllable optical system 450. In Embodiment IX, a micromirror is shown as an example controllable optical system 450.

[0182] Figure 1c schematically illustrates another array of the luminescent unit 2100. However, other configurations may be possible.

[0183] Referring to Figures 1d and 1e, several embodiments and modifications are schematically illustrated in which the beam shapes of one or more beams may be controllable. This can result in selective excitation. This can result in different beam shapes and / or different spectral power distributions of luminescent material light escaping from the configuration. Here, the beam 12 of light source 11 is schematically illustrated. As can be understood, different beams of light source light and / or light source light at different positions can supply light escaping from configuration 2000 having different spectral power distributions, particularly when the first luminescent material and the second luminescent material are different.

[0184] Figure 1f schematically illustrates an embodiment I in which the light source (although not shown, the beam of the light source may have a shape similar to the schematically illustrated hollow circular beam of the system light 1001) may essentially illuminate only the second luminescent material 2220 and not essentially illuminate the first luminescent material 2110. This may result in essentially only second luminescent material light 2221, which may have, for example, a ring shape. Therefore, the system light 1001 in such an operating mode essentially consists only of second luminescent material light 2221. On the right, an embodiment is schematically illustrated in which the light source (although not shown, the beam of the light source may have a shape similar to the schematically illustrated circular beam of the system light 1001) may essentially illuminate only the first luminescent material 2110 and not essentially illuminate the second luminescent material 2220. This could essentially result in only the first luminescent material light 2111, which may have, for example, a circular shape. Naturally, if the beam shape of the light source beam is controlled (by a control system (not shown)), in embodiments the spectral power distribution of the system light 1001 can be controlled.

[0185] Accordingly, in the embodiment, one or more beams 12 have a spatial power distribution with respect to the luminescence configuration 2000, the spatial power distribution is controllable, and the photogenerating system 1000 further includes (i) one or more light sources 10, and (ii) a control system 300 configured to control one or more of the spatial power distributions of one or more beams 12 of the one or more light sources 10 with respect to the luminescence configuration 2000.

[0186] For example, in one embodiment, the photogenerating system 1000 is configured to irradiate the luminescent body 2100 with at least 90% of the light source 11 and the matrix 2210 with up to 10% of the light source 11 during its operating mode.

[0187] Figure 2 schematically illustrates an embodiment of a lighting fixture 2 including the light generation system 1000 as described above. Reference numeral 301 indicates a user interface that can be functionally coupled to a control system 300 which is included by or functionally coupled to the light generation system 1000. Figure 2 also schematically illustrates an embodiment of a lamp 1 having the light generation system 1000. Reference numeral 3 indicates a projector device or projector system that can be used to project an image onto a wall or the like, and the projector device or projector system may also include system 1000. Reference numeral 1200 refers to a lighting device which may be selected from, for example, the group of lamp 1, lighting fixture 2, and projector device 3. The lighting device 1200 has the light generation device 1000. However, in embodiments, the lighting device 1200 may also include an optical wireless communication device or a disinfection device (having the light generation device 1000). Figure 2 also schematically illustrates embodiments of the lighting device 1200, including wall lighting devices (particularly wall washers). The lighting device 1200 may also include cove lighting devices (for illuminating coves).

[0188] The term "plural" refers to two or more things.

[0189] The terms “substantially” or “essentially” as used herein, and similar terms, will be understood by those skilled in the art. The terms “substantially” or “essentially” may also include embodiments that include “overall,” “completely,” “all,” etc. Accordingly, in embodiments, the adjectives “substantially” or “essentially” may be omitted. Where applicable, the terms “substantially” or “essentially” may also refer to 90% or more, including 100%, 95% or more, especially 99% or more, and even more specifically 99.5% or more.

[0190] The term "to possess" also includes embodiments in which the term "to possess" means "to consist of".

[0191] The term "and / or" refers in particular to one or more of the items mentioned before and after "and / or". For example, the phrase "item 1 and / or item 2", and similar phrases may refer to one or more of item 1 and item 2. The term "having" may in one embodiment mean "consisting of", but in another embodiment it may mean "including at least the specified species and optionally including one or more other species".

[0192] Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in the specification and claims are used to distinguish similar elements and are not necessarily used to describe a sequential or chronological order. Such terms are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, and it should be understood that embodiments of the invention described herein may operate in an order other than that described or illustrated herein.

[0193] This specification may, in particular, describe devices, apparatus, or systems in operation. As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the present invention is not limited to methods of operation or devices, apparatus, or systems in operation.

[0194] It should be noted that the embodiments described above are not limiting to the present invention, but rather illustrating it, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design many other embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

[0195] In the claims, no reference numerals placed in parentheses should be construed as limiting the claims.

[0196] The use of the verb "to have" and its inflections does not exclude the existence of elements or steps other than those indicated in the claims. Unless the context clearly requires a different meaning, throughout the specification and claims, words such as "to have" should be interpreted in a comprehensive sense, as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense, i.e., "including, but not limited to."

[0197] The singular notation of an element does not exclude the possibility of multiple instances of that element.

[0198] The present invention may be implemented by hardware having several distinct elements, or by a appropriately programmed computer. In claims for a device, apparatus, or system that list several means, some of these means may be implemented by the exact same item of hardware. The mere fact that certain means are listed in different dependent claims does not mean that combinations of these means cannot be used advantageously.

[0199] The present invention also provides control systems capable of controlling devices, apparatus, or systems, or of performing methods or processes described herein. Furthermore, the present invention also provides computer program products that, when executed on a computer functionally coupled to or included in such devices, apparatus, or systems, control one or more controllable elements of such devices, apparatus, or systems.

[0200] The present invention further relates to a device, apparatus, or system having one or more of the characterizing features described in the specification and / or shown in the accompanying drawings. The present invention further relates to a method or process having one or more of the characterizing features described in the specification and / or shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0201] The various embodiments described in this patent can be combined to provide further advantages. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments can be combined, and that three or more embodiments can also be combined. Moreover, some of the features can form the basis for one or more divisional applications.

Claims

1. A light generation system for generating system light, comprising one or more light sources, a luminescent configuration, and a support, The luminescence configuration comprises an array of luminescence bodies and a matrix at least partially formed between the luminescence bodies, wherein the luminescence bodies have a first luminescence material, the matrix has a light-transmitting material, the light-transmitting material has a second luminescence material, the first luminescence material and the light-transmitting material are different materials, and the luminescence bodies are ceramic. The matrix is ​​defined by a continuous phase comprising luminescent particles embedded therein, wherein the luminescent particles have the second luminescent material, and the luminescent body is at least partially embedded in the continuous phase. The light-transmitting material comprises one or more of the following: glass, inorganic polymer material, organic polymer material, quartz, and silica. The one or more light sources are configured to generate one or more beams of light from the light sources, the luminescence configuration is configured to be in a light-receiving relationship with the one or more light sources, and the first luminescence material and the second luminescence material are configured to convert at least a portion of the light from the light sources received by the first luminescence material and the second luminescence material into first luminescence material light and second luminescence material light, respectively. The first luminescent material is A ３ B ５ O １２ : Contains a Ce-type luminescent material, where A contains one or more of Y, Gd, and Lu, and B contains one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc. The one or more light sources have a laser diode or a superluminescent diode, The support is made of a thermally conductive material and is configured to support the luminescent body and the matrix. The system light comprises light from one or more luminescent materials selected from the first luminescent material and the second luminescent material, and optionally comprises light from one or more light sources. A light generation system in which the system light is white light having a correlated color temperature in the range of 2700K to 6500K.

2. The photogenerating system according to claim 1, wherein the continuous phase is an organic polymer material.

3. The photogenerating system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the continuous phase is made of an inorganic material.

4. The light generation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first luminescent material and the second luminescent material are different luminescent materials.

5. The light generation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first luminescent material and the second luminescent material are the same luminescent material.

6. The second luminescent material is A ３ B ５ O １２ A photogenerating system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein A is selected from Ce-type luminescent materials, and A comprises one or more of Y, Gd, and Lu, and B comprises one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc.

7. The light generation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the luminescent body has a first total cross-sectional area A1, and the matrix has a second total cross-sectional area A2, and 0.1 ≤ A1 / A2 ≤ 4.

8. The light generation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cross-sectional area of ​​the luminescent body defines a circular equivalent diameter D, and the shortest distance d1 between adjacent luminescent bodies is selected from the range of 0.1 × D ≤ d1 ≤ 4 × D.

9. The light generation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the support is reflective or transmittance to light.

10. The light generation system according to claim 8, wherein the equivalent circle diameter D is within the range of D ≥ 2 × H, and H is the height of the luminescent body.

11. The photogenerating system according to claim 10, wherein the one or more beams have a spatial power distribution with respect to the luminescence configuration, the spatial power distribution is controllable, and the photogenerating system further comprises (i) the one or more light sources, and (ii) a control system configured to control one or more of the spatial power distributions of the one or more beams of the one or more light sources with respect to the luminescence configuration.

12. The photogenerating system according to claim 10 or 11, wherein one or more light sources are selected from the group consisting of laser diodes and superluminescent diodes.

13. The photogenerating system according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the beam shape of one or more beams of the light source is controllable, and during the operating mode, the photogenerating system is configured to irradiate the luminescent body with at least 80% of the light source and irradiate the matrix with up to 20% of the light source.

14. A photogenerating device selected from the group consisting of lamps, lighting fixtures, projector devices, disinfection devices, and optical wireless communication devices, the photogenerating device having the photogenerating system described in any one of claims 11 to 13.

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