Belt conveyor steel vehicle and excavated spoil transport method

Abstract

To solve the problems of the prior art, that is, to provide a belt conveyor steel car and a method for conveying excavated muck using the belt conveyor steel car, which can carry out excavated muck more efficiently than the prior art when blasting and excavating a tunnel with a small section.SOLUTION: A belt conveyor steel car of the present invention is a steel car that can be loaded with excavated muck generated by tunnel excavation and can move on a conveying rail, and comprises a muck container capable of containing excavated muck, a conveyor rail, and a moving belt conveyor. Among these, the moving belt conveyor can slide on conveyor rails. The excavated muck placed on the moving belt conveyor is conveyed by the moving belt conveyor and thrown into the muck container from one end of the moving belt conveyor.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a technique for transporting rock masses, rock fragments, earth and sand, etc. (hereinafter collectively referred to as "excavation slippage") generated by tunnel excavation by means of steel cars. More specifically, it relates to a transportation technique capable of loading excavation slippage onto two or more steel cars for transportation.

Background Art

[0002] Recently, in terms of the ability to suppress greenhouse gas emissions, power generation methods using renewable energy have attracted attention. This renewable energy is energy that can be literally regenerated, such as sunlight, small and medium-sized hydropower, wind power, geothermal energy, and woody biomass. Since it can suppress greenhouse gas emissions and can be produced domestically, it is expected as promising low-carbon energy.

[0003] Among them, small hydropower generation with an output of 10,000 kW or less can generate electricity with relatively simple equipment. Different from solar power generation, it can generate electricity regardless of day or night. Furthermore, since there are many cases where it becomes a community-based business, it can lead to the activation of the community such as employment promotion, and thus various effects can be expected. Therefore, it is expected that the demand will increase in the future. In fact, the construction of penstock tunnels for small hydropower generation has increased rapidly in recent years. Penstock tunnels generally have a small cross-section. Depending on the in-situ rock strength, excavation may be carried out using a TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine), but in many cases, it is excavated by the NATM (New Austrian Tunneling Method) method involving blasting.

[0004] NATM tunnel excavation is a method that excavates by repeatedly performing a series of operations (cycles) such as drilling for explosive loading, blasting, transporting excavated spoil, and constructing support structures (shotcrete, steel supports, rock bolts). In other words, various operations are carried out sequentially near the tunnel face, and since different machines are used for each operation, machine changes are unavoidable. There are also several methods for transporting the excavated spoil generated by blasting out of the tunnel, including the "tire type" which transports the spoil by loading it onto dump trucks, the "belt conveyor type" which transports the spoil using a continuous belt conveyor system installed inside the tunnel, and the "rail type" which transports the spoil using rails laid inside the tunnel.

[0005] When excavating small-section tunnels, such as those for water conduits, the work must be carried out in a small (narrow) space, requiring the use of smaller machinery. Therefore, using tire-type transport limits the amount of excavated spoil that can be carried per unit, significantly reducing work efficiency. Furthermore, using a belt conveyor system requires a crusher (mobile crusher) to finely crush the excavated spoil generated by blasting. However, in most small-section tunnels, it is impossible to install such a crusher, and even if it were possible, it would be impossible to feed the excavated spoil into the crusher. Consequently, rail-type transport is the mainstream method for small-section tunnels, where a locomotive (battery locomotive) pulls a vehicle carrying the excavated spoil (hereinafter referred to as "spoiler vehicle") on rails to transport the spoil towards the tunnel entrance. In addition, due to space constraints, small-section tunnels are often limited to a single rail (so-called single track), and machinery used for other tasks may also be designed to move along the same rail.

[0006] In conventional rail-type transport methods, excavated spoil was transported using a combination of one steel cart and one locomotive. More specifically, one steel cart positioned at the tunnel face was connected to a locomotive positioned at the tunnel entrance, and once this steel cart was fully loaded with excavated spoil, the combination of the steel cart and locomotive (hereinafter referred to as the "transport unit") moved toward the tunnel entrance. This is because, as excavated spoil loading machines (such as shunt loaders) have become smaller, the transport length (reach length) of the excavated spoil has shortened, and if two or more spoil steel cars are connected, the excavated spoil will not reach the spoil steel cart positioned at the tunnel entrance. Furthermore, as the tunnel excavation length increases, naturally, one transport unit will result in longer waiting times (so to speak, idle time) at the tunnel face, so in this case, two or more transport units are introduced.

[0007] It is extremely inefficient for one transporter to move to the tunnel face, load and transport the excavated spoil, and then another transporter to move to the face in turn. If transporting the excavated spoil takes a long time, it will increase the cycle time of tunnel excavation, and consequently, the duration of the tunnel construction will also be prolonged. In addition, since different transporters need to pass each other inside the tunnel, double-track sections must be constructed at predetermined intervals (approximately 300m) inside the tunnel. These double-track sections are areas where the tunnel cross-section has been widened, and are indirect construction work that is not directly necessary for the original purpose (e.g., water diversion), so it is desirable to reduce the cost and time required for their construction as much as possible.

[0008] Thus, rail-type transport methods for small-section tunnels have been criticized for problems such as inefficient excavation spoil transport operations and the construction of double-track sections (widened sections), and there has been a strong demand for technologies to solve these problems. Patent Document 1 proposes a technology in which a conveyor for transporting excavation spoil is supported by a conveyor support trolley and spoil steel cars, and the conveyor support trolley expands and contracts in accordance with the movement of the spoil steel cars. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2001-152789 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0010] According to the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1, excavated spoil can be transported by multiple spoil steel cars connected to a single locomotive, thus enabling more efficient excavated spoil transport compared to conventional technologies. However, the technology of Patent Document 1 requires the permanent installation of a conveyor near the tunnel face, and a retractable conveyor support trolley must also be permanently installed near the tunnel face. In other words, while this may be feasible for tunnel excavation using TBMs, which is the premise of Patent Document 1, it is extremely difficult to implement in blasting excavation where working machinery is frequently changed near the tunnel face.

[0011] The object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art, namely, to provide a belt conveyor steel vehicle that can transport excavated spoil more efficiently than the prior art when blasting small-section tunnels, and an excavated spoil transport method using the same. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] The present invention focuses on the fact that by providing a sliding belt conveyor on the waste steel cart, it becomes possible for a locomotive to tow two or more waste steel carts, and is an invention based on an unprecedented idea.

[0013] The belt conveyor steel vehicle of the present invention is a steel vehicle capable of carrying excavated spoil generated by tunnel excavation and moving along a transport rail, and has a spoil container capable of holding the excavated spoil. and move It is equipped with a moving belt conveyor. Move A moving belt conveyor is, It is installed on top of the spoil heap and runs along the tunnel axis. It is a sliding structure. Excavated spoil placed on the moving belt conveyor is transported by the moving belt conveyor and fed into the spoil container from one end of the moving belt conveyor.

[0014] The belt conveyor steel vehicle of the present invention can also be configured such that the moving belt conveyor slopes upward toward the mine entrance.

[0015] The present invention provides a method for transporting excavated spoil generated by tunnel excavation to the tunnel entrance side, by moving a transport device consisting of a locomotive, a belt conveyor steel car of the present invention, and an ordinary steel car in that order along a transport rail from the tunnel entrance side to the tunnel face side, and comprising a belt conveyor advance step, a belt conveyor steel car input step, a belt conveyor retraction step, and an ordinary steel car input step. In the belt conveyor advance step, the moving belt conveyor is moved toward the tunnel face side. In the belt conveyor steel car input step, the excavated spoil is placed on the moving belt conveyor by an excavated spoil loading machine, so that the moving belt conveyor transports the excavated spoil toward the tunnel entrance side, and the excavated spoil is also loaded into the spoil container of the belt conveyor steel car from the tunnel entrance side end of the moving belt conveyor. In the belt conveyor retraction step, the moving belt conveyor is moved toward the tunnel entrance side, and in the ordinary steel car input step, the excavated spoil is loaded into the spoil container of the ordinary steel car by an excavated spoil loading machine. Then, the locomotive moves along the transport rails toward the mine entrance, pulling the belt conveyor steel cars and ordinary steel cars loaded with excavated spoil.

[0016] The excavation spoil transport method of the present invention is The belt conveyor steel car, which has been detached from the ordinary steel car, moves towards the mine entrance and loads the excavated spoil into the spoil containment unit. It can also be used as a method.

[0017] The excavated spoil conveying method of the present invention may also be a method using a conveying device comprising two or more belt conveyor steel cars. In this case, the belt conveyor advancement process, the belt conveyor steel car loading process, and the belt conveyor retraction process are repeatedly performed for each belt conveyor steel car. In the belt conveyor steel car loading process for the second and subsequent belt conveyor steel cars counting from the face side, the excavated spoil is transferred from the moving belt conveyor of the other belt conveyor steel cars on the face side to the moving belt conveyor of the said belt conveyor steel car. [Effects of the Invention]

[0018] The belt conveyor steel vehicle and excavated spoil conveying method of the present invention have the following advantages. (1) By achieving efficient spoil removal operations, the overall cycle of tunnel excavation work can be sped up, and consequently, the time required for tunnel construction can be shortened. (2) Since the chance of different carriers passing by each other in the pit is reduced compared to the prior art, the installation interval of the double-track section (widened section) can be increased, that is, the double-track section to be constructed can be reduced. (3) Since the connection and disconnection operations of the skew steel cars are reduced compared to the prior art, the risk of labor accidents occurring at the construction site can be reduced.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] [Figure 1] Side view schematically showing the situation of transporting the excavated skew towards the pit mouth using the belt conveyor steel car of the present invention. [Figure 2] (a) is a side view schematically showing the belt conveyor steel car of the present invention, (b) is a plan view schematically showing the belt conveyor steel car of the present invention, and (c) is a front view schematically showing the belt conveyor steel car of the present invention. [Figure 3] (a) is a side view schematically showing the moving belt conveyor that slides forward, and (b) is a side view schematically showing the moving belt conveyor that slides backward. [Figure 4] (a) is a side view schematically showing the situation where the inclined moving belt conveyor slides forward, and (b) is a side view schematically showing the situation where the inclined moving belt conveyor slides backward. [Figure 5] Side view schematically showing the moving belt conveyor that has a middle-fold shape when viewed in the cross-sectional axial direction. [Figure 6] Side view schematically showing the situation of discharging the excavated skew inside by tipping the skew container. [Figure 7] (a) is a side view schematically showing the state where the movable side wall and the moving belt conveyor interfere with each other, (b) is a plan view schematically showing the skew container provided with guide rails, (c) is a side view schematically showing the state where the moving belt conveyor slides in a direction away from the movable side wall, and (d) is a side view schematically showing the state where the skew container has fallen while the moving belt conveyor is kept away from the movable side wall. [Figure 8] Flow chart showing the main process flow of the excavated skew transportation method of the present invention. [Figure 9] A step-by-step diagram showing the main process from loading excavated spoil into the spoil container of a belt conveyor steel vehicle. [Figure 10] A step-by-step diagram showing the main processes involved in discharging excavated spoil from the spoil container of a belt conveyor steel vehicle. [Figure 11] A schematic side view illustrating the transportation of excavated spoil towards the tunnel entrance using a transport system consisting of a locomotive, two belt conveyor steel cars, and ordinary steel cars, connected in that order from the tunnel entrance to the tunnel face. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0020] Examples of the implementation of the belt conveyor steel vehicle and excavated spoil transport method of the present invention will be explained with reference to the figures.

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic side view illustrating the transportation of excavated spoil generated by tunnel excavation towards the tunnel entrance using the belt conveyor steel car 100 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the belt conveyor steel car 100 of the present invention is equipped with a belt conveyor on its upper part. Since this belt conveyor can slide in the tunnel axis direction (the direction connecting the tunnel entrance and the working face), it will be referred to here as the "movable belt conveyor 130" for convenience. A series of machines (hereinafter referred to as the "transporting device"), consisting of locomotive BL, belt conveyor steel car 100, and conventionally used steel cars (hereinafter referred to as "ordinary steel cars SC"), travel along the transport rail RL from the tunnel entrance side to the working face side, transporting the excavated spoil towards the tunnel entrance. More specifically, the excavated spoil loading machine SL (such as a shunt loader) loads the excavated spoil onto the belt conveyor steel car 100 and the ordinary steel car SC. Once these are nearly full, the locomotive BL moves under its own power towards the mine entrance. In other words, the excavated spoil on the belt conveyor steel car 100 and the ordinary steel car SC, towed by the locomotive BL, is transported towards the mine entrance.

[0022] 1. Belt conveyor steel car First, the belt conveyor steel vehicle 100 of the present invention will be described in detail. The excavated spoil transport method of the present invention is a method of transporting excavated spoil using the belt conveyor steel vehicle 100 of the present invention. Therefore, the belt conveyor steel vehicle 100 of the present invention will be described first, and then the excavated spoil transport method of the present invention will be described.

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the belt conveyor steel car 100 of the present invention, where (a) is a side view of the belt conveyor steel car 100 viewed in an axial direction perpendicular to the tunnel axis direction (hereinafter referred to as the "transverse axis direction"), (b) is a top view of the belt conveyor steel car 100 viewed from above, and (c) is a front view of the belt conveyor steel car 100 viewed in the tunnel axis direction. For convenience, the moving belt conveyor 130 is omitted in Figure 2(b).

[0024] As shown in Figure 2, the belt conveyor steel vehicle 100 is composed of a steel vehicle section 110, a conveyor rail 120, and a movable belt conveyor 130. The conveyor rail 120 is fixed to the upper part of the steel vehicle section 110, and the movable belt conveyor 130 is installed on the conveyor rail 120 so that it can slide along the conveyor rail 120. The steel vehicle section 110 is a vehicle body that includes a spoil container 111 that can accommodate excavated spoil and wheels 112 for moving on the transport rail RL, and can utilize conventional steel vehicles (i.e., ordinary steel vehicles SC). The movable belt conveyor 130 is composed of a pulley on the tunnel entrance side and a pulley on the tunnel face side, an endless belt that circulates between these pulleys, and a power means for circulating the endless belt, and can transport excavated spoil placed on the endless belt by the excavated spoil loading machine SL toward the tunnel entrance.

[0025] As shown in Figure 2(a), the conveyor rail 120 is positioned approximately horizontally (including horizontal) and in the direction of the tunnel axis, and is preferably designed with dimensions (length) such that it extends beyond the tip (face side end) of the steel car section 110. Of course, it can also be designed to extend beyond both the tip and rear (port side end) of the car section 110. This conveyor rail 120 is fixed to the upper part of the steel car section 110, and therefore the conveyor rail 120 does not move relative to the belt conveyor steel car 100.

[0026] On the other hand, the mobile belt conveyor 130 is positioned in the direction of the tunnel axis and is installed on the conveyor rail 120 so that it can slide along the conveyor rail 120 (i.e., in the direction of the tunnel axis). In Figure 2(c), the mobile belt conveyor 130 is clamped between two L-shaped (cross-sectional view) conveyor rails 120, so that the movement of the mobile belt conveyor 130 in the transverse axis direction (left-right direction in the figure) is restricted, but its movement in the tunnel axis direction (depth direction in the figure) is free. Note that as long as the mobile belt conveyor 130 has a structure that allows it to slide along the conveyor rail 120, the mobile belt conveyor 130 can be installed on the conveyor rail 120 using various conventional methods, regardless of the structure shown in Figure 2(c). However, if the mobile belt conveyor 130 slides indefinitely, it will detach from the conveyor rail 120, so it is advisable to provide a stopper on the conveyor rail 120 to prevent detachment. Furthermore, as will be described later, there is a risk that the moving belt conveyor 130 may detach from the conveyor rail 120 when the spoil container 111 is tipped over, so it is advisable to have a structure that also restrains the upward movement of the moving belt conveyor 130.

[0027] The mobile belt conveyor 130 can be a mechanical type that slides and moves using power such as hydraulic jacks or electric motors, or it can be a manual type that is slide-moved by workers using chain blocks or the like. Alternatively, the mobile belt conveyor 130 can be equipped with power and wheels, and a self-propelled type can be adopted in which the wheels rotated by the power travel along the conveyor rail 120. As explained above, the mobile belt conveyor 130 can slide and move along the conveyor rail 120, and it can move in both directions, towards the tunnel face and towards the tunnel entrance. For convenience, sliding towards the tunnel face will be referred to as "forward sliding," and sliding towards the tunnel entrance will be referred to as "backward sliding." Figure 3(a) is a schematic side view showing the mobile belt conveyor 130 sliding forward, and Figure 3(b) is a schematic side view showing the mobile belt conveyor 130 sliding backward.

[0028] Figures 2 and 3 show the moving belt conveyor 130 positioned approximately horizontally (including horizontal) and configured to slide while maintaining its approximately horizontal position. However, the configuration is not limited to this, and the moving belt conveyor 130 can also be positioned at an angle. Figure 4(a) is a schematic side view showing the situation in which the inclined moving belt conveyor 130 slides forward, and Figure 3(b) is a schematic side view showing the situation in which the inclined moving belt conveyor 130 slides backward. In this case, as shown in Figure 4, it is preferable to position the moving belt conveyor 130 so that it has an upward slope toward the tunnel entrance (and a downward slope toward the tunnel face). Although the moving belt conveyor 130 is inclined in the vertical plane, its axial direction when projected onto the horizontal plane is aligned with the tunnel axis.

[0029] If the conveyor rails 120 were also positioned at an incline corresponding to the moving belt conveyor 130, when the moving belt conveyor 130 slides forward, it would descend close to the ground, and conversely, when it slides backward, it would rise close to the top of the tunnel. Therefore, as shown in Figure 4, it is preferable to position the conveyor rails 120 approximately horizontally (including horizontal) and then utilize the moving body 140. This moving body 140 has a wedge shape when viewed in the direction of the transverse axis, and moreover, it has a shape that has a narrow angle formed by the positioning posture of the moving belt conveyor 130 (i.e., the inclined posture) and the positioning posture of the conveyor rails 120 (i.e., the approximately horizontal posture).

[0030] Furthermore, the movable body 140 is installed on the conveyor rail 120 so that it can slide along the conveyor rail 120 (i.e., in the direction of the tunnel axis) (forward and backward sliding). The sliding mechanism of the movable body 140 can be the same as that of the movable belt conveyor 130 (mechanical, manual, or self-propelled). The movable belt conveyor 130 is fixed to the movable body 140. In other words, the movable belt conveyor 130 is installed on the conveyor rail 120 indirectly via the movable body 140, so that the movable belt conveyor 130 slides along with the sliding movement of the movable body 140.

[0031] In Figures 3 and 4, the moving belt conveyor 130 is shown as a straight line (viewed along the transverse axis), but it is not limited to this and can also be bent in the middle. Figure 5 is a schematic side view showing a moving belt conveyor 130 that is bent in the middle when viewed along the transverse axis. As shown in this figure, when the moving belt conveyor 130 is bent in the middle, it is best to have the face side in an inclined position and the tunnel entrance side in a nearly horizontal position. However, the inclination should be such that it slopes upward towards the tunnel entrance side (slopes downward towards the face side). In other words, the moving belt conveyor 130 shown in Figure 3 is placed on the tunnel entrance side, and the moving belt conveyor 130 shown in Figure 4 is placed on the tunnel face side, and these are connected to form the moving belt conveyor 130.

[0032] When the belt conveyor steel car 100 or ordinary steel car SC is transported to a designated location (for example, an outlying soil disposal site), the excavated spoil contained in the spoil container 111 is discharged. Normally, as shown in Figure 6, the excavated spoil inside is discharged by tipping the spoil container 111 over. A movable side wall 113 is provided on one side of the spoil container 111 (the left side in the figure), and when the spoil container 111 is not rotated, it acts as a kind of closing lid to prevent the excavated spoil inside from spilling out. When the spoil container 111 is tipped over (rotated) towards the movable side wall 113 side (counterclockwise in the figure), the movable side wall 113 moves slightly upward, unlike the behavior of the spoil container 111. As a result, the closing lid function of the movable side wall 113 is released, meaning that the side where the movable side wall 113 was located becomes an opening, and the excavated spoil inside the spoil container 111 is discharged.

[0033] However, in the belt conveyor steel vehicle 100 of the present invention, the conveyor rail 120 and the movable belt conveyor 130 are arranged on top of the spoil container 111, and when the spoil container 111 is tipped over, there is a risk that the movable side wall 113 and the movable belt conveyor 130 will interfere with each other, as shown in Figure 7(a). To avoid this interference, it is advisable to provide a guide rail 150 on top of the spoil container 111. This guide rail 150 is a rail (rail) that guides the conveyor rail 120 in the transverse axis direction, and is therefore arranged to be approximately perpendicular (including perpendicular) to the conveyor rail 120. In other words, by sliding the movable belt conveyor 130 along the guide rail 150, the movable belt conveyor 130 is moved away from the movable side wall 113, thereby avoiding mutual interference.

[0034] The guide rail 150 can be configured, for example, as shown in Figure 7(b), by installing an outer guide rail 151 and an inner guide rail 152 on the face side (left side in the figure) of the spoil container 111, and further installing an outer guide rail 151 and an inner guide rail 152 on the tunnel entrance side (right side in the figure) of the spoil container 111. By inserting the projection provided on the underside of the conveyor rail 120 between the outer guide rail 151 and the inner guide rail 152, this projection is guided in the transverse axis direction by the guide rail 150 (outer guide rail 151 and inner guide rail 152), that is, the conveyor rail 120 and the movable belt conveyor 130 placed on it are guided in the transverse axis direction. Since the guide rail 150 is installed to avoid interference between the movable side wall 113 and the movable belt conveyor 130, it is advisable to design its arrangement and dimensions so that the movable belt conveyor 130, which is in a fixed position, slides away from the movable side wall 113.

[0035] When guide rails 150 are installed on the spoil container 111, the excavated spoil inside the spoil container 111 can be discharged using the following procedure. When the belt conveyor steel car 100 is transported to a predetermined location, the conveyor rails 120 and the movable belt conveyor 130 are slid along the guide rails 150 in a direction away from the movable side wall 113, as shown in Figure 7(c). When the movable belt conveyor 130 is sufficiently far from the movable side wall 113, the excavated spoil inside is discharged by tipping over the spoil container 111, as shown in Figure 7(d). At this time, it is advisable to provide a stopper on the guide rails 150 to fix the movable belt conveyor 130 in place so that it does not move toward the movable side wall 113.

[0036] 2. Method for transporting excavated spoil Next, the excavated spoil transport method of the present invention will be described. The excavated spoil transport method of the present invention is a method of transporting excavated spoil using the belt conveyor steel vehicle 100 described above. Therefore, explanations that overlap with the explanation of the belt conveyor steel vehicle 100 will be avoided, and only the contents specific to the excavated spoil transport method of the present invention will be explained. In other words, contents not described here are the same as those explained in "1. Belt Conveyor Steel Vehicle".

[0037] Figure 8 is a flowchart showing the main process flow of the excavated spoil transport method of the present invention, Figure 9 is a step diagram showing the main process up to loading excavated spoil into the spoil container 111 of the belt conveyor steel car 100, and Figure 10 is a step diagram showing the main process up to discharging the excavated spoil from the spoil container 111 of the belt conveyor steel car 100. As shown in Figure 9(a), when the transport device, which is connected in the order of locomotive BL, belt conveyor steel car 100, and ordinary steel car SC from the tunnel entrance side to the tunnel face side, reaches near the tunnel face (Step 201 in Figure 8), the connection between the belt conveyor steel car 100 and the ordinary steel car SC transport is released (Step 202 in Figure 8). Then, as shown in Figure 9(b), the locomotive BL moves towards the tunnel face side, bringing the belt conveyor steel car 100 closer to the ordinary steel car SC (Step 203 in Figure 8). When the belt conveyor steel car 100 is close enough to the ordinary steel car SC, the moving belt conveyor 130 of the belt conveyor steel car 100 is slid forward as shown in Figure 9(c) (Step 204 in Figure 8).

[0038] As the moving belt conveyor 130 slides forward, excavated spoil is fed into the spoil container 111 of the belt conveyor steel car 100 (Step 205 in Figure 8). More specifically, when the excavated spoil loading machine SL places excavated spoil on the moving belt conveyor 130, the endless belt of the moving belt conveyor 130 rotates (clockwise in the figure), transporting the excavated spoil toward the belt conveyor steel car 100 (i.e., the mine entrance side), and the excavated spoil that has moved to the mine entrance end of the moving belt conveyor 130 is fed into the spoil container 111. At this time, it is preferable to gradually move the belt conveyor steel car 100 toward the mine entrance while feeding the excavated spoil so that the excavated spoil is loaded uniformly (without bias) within the spoil container 111. As shown in Figure 9(d), the belt conveyor steel car 100 has moved a considerable distance toward the mine entrance from the beginning, as some time has passed since the start of feeding the excavated spoil.

[0039] When the excavated spoil is almost completely filled into the spoil container 111 of the belt conveyor steel car 100, the moving belt conveyor 130 is slid backward as shown in Figure 10(e) (Step 206 in Figure 8). Then, as shown in Figure 10(f), the locomotive BL moves towards the face to bring the belt conveyor steel car 100 closer to the ordinary steel car SC (Step 207 in Figure 8), and the belt conveyor steel car 100 and the ordinary steel car SC transport are connected (Step 208 in Figure 8). Once the belt conveyor steel car 100 and the ordinary steel car SC transport are connected (or in parallel with the connection of the belt conveyor steel car 100 and the ordinary steel car SC transport), the excavated spoil is loaded into the spoil container of the ordinary steel car SC (Step 209 in Figure 8). More specifically, the excavated spoil loading machine SL directly loads the excavated spoil into the spoil container of the ordinary steel car SC. At this time, it is best to gradually move the ordinary steel car SC towards the tunnel entrance while loading the excavated spoil so that the spoil is loaded uniformly (without bias) within the spoil containment body. As shown in Figure 10(g), the ordinary steel car SC has moved a considerable distance towards the tunnel entrance from the beginning, as some time has passed since the start of spoil loading.

[0040] When the excavated spoil is almost completely filled into the spoil container 111 of the belt conveyor steel car 100, and also almost completely filled into the spoil container of the ordinary steel car SC, the conveying device moves to a designated location (for example, an outlying soil disposal site outside the mine) (Step 210 in Figure 8). Then, Figure 10(h) As shown, the excavated spoil in the spoil container 111 of the belt conveyor steel car 100 is discharged, and the excavated spoil in the spoil container of the ordinary steel car SC0 is also discharged (Step 211 in Figure 8). When discharging the excavated spoil in the spoil container 111 of the belt conveyor steel car 100, as previously described, it is preferable to slide the conveyor rail 120 and the movable belt conveyor 130 along the guide rail 150 away from the movable side wall 113, and then tip the spoil container 111 over.

[0041] Up to this point, the explanation has been based on an example of a conveying device consisting of a single belt conveyor steel car 100. However, the excavated spoil conveying method of the present invention can also be used to convey excavated spoil using a conveying device consisting of two or more belt conveyor steel cars 100 connected together. Figure 11 is a schematic side view showing the situation in which excavated spoil is transported towards the tunnel entrance using a conveying device in which a locomotive BL, two belt conveyor steel cars 100, and a regular steel car SC are connected in that order from the tunnel entrance side to the tunnel face side. The procedure for transporting excavated spoil using the conveying device shown in this figure will be explained below. For convenience, the belt conveyor steel car 100 on the tunnel entrance side in Figure 11 will be referred to as the "rear belt conveyor steel car 100," and the belt conveyor steel car 100 on the tunnel face side will be referred to as the "front belt conveyor steel car 100."

[0042] When the conveying device shown in Figure 11 reaches near the cutting face (Step 201 in Figure 8), the connection between the front belt conveyor steel car 100 and the ordinary steel car SC is released (Step 202 in Figure 8), the front belt conveyor steel car 100 is brought closer to the ordinary steel car SC (Step 203 in Figure 8), and the moving belt conveyor 130 of the front belt conveyor steel car 100 is slid forward (Step 204 in Figure 8). Furthermore, the connection between the rear belt conveyor steel car 100 and the front belt conveyor steel car 100 is released, the rear belt conveyor steel car 100 is brought closer to the front belt conveyor steel car 100, and the moving belt conveyor 130 of the rear belt conveyor steel car 100 is slid forward.

[0043] When the moving belt conveyors 130 of the front belt conveyor steel car 100 and the rear belt conveyor steel car 100 are slid forward, excavated spoil is fed into the spoil container 111 of the rear belt conveyor steel car 100. More specifically, when the excavated spoil loading machine SL places the excavated spoil on the moving belt conveyor 130 of the front belt conveyor steel car 100, the endless belt of this moving belt conveyor 130 rotates to transport the excavated spoil toward the mine entrance and transfer the excavated spoil onto the moving belt conveyor 130 of the rear belt conveyor steel car 100. Then, the endless belt of this moving belt conveyor 130 rotates to transport the excavated spoil toward the mine entrance, and the excavated spoil that has moved to the mine entrance end of the moving belt conveyor 130 is fed into the spoil container 111 of the rear belt conveyor steel car 100.

[0044] When the spoil container 111 of the rear belt conveyor steel car 100 is almost full of excavated spoil, the moving belt conveyor 130 of the rear belt conveyor steel car 100 is slid backward. Then, the excavated spoil is loaded into the spoil container 111 of the front belt conveyor steel car 100. More specifically, when the excavated spoil loading machine SL places the excavated spoil on the moving belt conveyor 130 of the front belt conveyor steel car 100, the endless belt of this moving belt conveyor 130 rotates, transporting the excavated spoil toward the mine entrance. The excavated spoil that has moved to the mine entrance end of the moving belt conveyor 130 is then loaded into the spoil container 111 of the front belt conveyor steel car 100. If three or more belt conveyor steel cars 100 are connected, the above process should be repeated for each connected car.

[0045] When the excavated spoil is almost completely filled into the spoil containers 111 of the rear belt conveyor steel car 100 and the front belt conveyor steel car 100, and when the excavated spoil is also almost completely filled into the spoil container of the ordinary steel car SC, the conveying device moves to a designated location (for example, an outfill of excavated soil outside the mine) (Step 210 in Figure 8). Then, Figure 10(h) As shown, the excavated spoil in the spoil containers 111 of the rear belt conveyor steel car 100 and the front belt conveyor steel car 100 is discharged, and the excavated spoil in the spoil container of the ordinary steel car SC0 is also discharged (Step 211 in Figure 8). [Industrial applicability]

[0046] The belt conveyor steel vehicle and excavated spoil transport method of the present invention can be used for tunnel excavation in various applications, including water conduit tunnels, side wall pilot tunnels using pilot tunnel advanced construction methods, railway tunnels, and road tunnels, as well as in any situation where rock is excavated and transported, such as in quarries. Considering that the present invention can be used for water conduit tunnels for small-scale hydroelectric power generation, and thus contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, the present invention can be said to be an invention that is not only industrially applicable but also has the potential to make a significant contribution to society. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0047] 100 Belt conveyor steel car of the present invention 110 Steel car section (of a belt conveyor steel car) 111 (Steel car section) spoil storage 112 (Wheels of the steel frame) 113 (Steel car section) Movable side wall 120 (Conveyor rail for belt conveyor steel cars) 130 (Moving belt conveyor of a belt conveyor steel car) 140 (Moving body of a belt conveyor steel car) 150 (Guide rail for a belt conveyor steel car) 151 (Outer guide rail of guide rail) 152 (Inner guide rail of guide rail) BL locomotive RL transport rail SC ordinary steel car SL Excavation and Spoil Loading Machine

Claims

1. A steel vehicle capable of carrying excavated spoil generated by tunnel excavation and moving along a transport rail, A spoil containment body capable of containing excavated spoil, The system includes a moving belt conveyor attached to the top of the spoil container so as to move together with the spoil container, The aforementioned moving belt conveyor slides in the tunnel axis direction above the spoil container, either by self-propulsion or by being moved by an operator. The excavated spoil placed on the moving belt conveyor is transported by the moving belt conveyor and fed into the spoil container from one end of the moving belt conveyor. A belt conveyor steel vehicle characterized by the following features.

2. The aforementioned moving belt conveyor is installed so as to have an upward slope toward the mine entrance. The belt conveyor steel vehicle according to feature 1.

3. A method for transporting excavated spoil generated by tunnel excavation to the tunnel entrance side, wherein a transport device is connected in the order of a locomotive, a belt conveyor steel car according to claim 1 or claim 2, and an ordinary steel car, moving along the transport rail from the tunnel entrance side to the tunnel face side, The aforementioned ordinary steel vehicle has a spoil containment body capable of accommodating excavated spoil, A belt conveyor advancement step is performed to move the aforementioned moving belt conveyor toward the cutting face, The process involves loading excavated spoil onto the moving belt conveyor using an excavated spoil loading machine, thereby transporting the excavated spoil towards the mine entrance, and loading the excavated spoil into the spoil container of the belt conveyor steel vehicle from the mine entrance end of the moving belt conveyor, and A belt conveyor retraction process is performed to move the aforementioned moving belt conveyor toward the mine entrance. The system includes a steel vehicle loading step in which excavated spoil is loaded into the spoil container of the steel vehicle using the excavated spoil loading machine, The locomotive moves along the transport rail toward the tunnel entrance, towing the belt conveyor steel car and the ordinary steel car, which are loaded with excavated spoil. A method for transporting excavated spoil, characterized by the following features.

4. In the belt conveyor steel car loading process, the belt conveyor steel car, which has been released from its connection with the ordinary steel car, moves toward the tunnel entrance and loads excavated spoil into the spoil container. The excavation spoil conveying method according to claim 3.

5. The conveying device is configured to include two or more of the belt conveyor steel wheels, For each steel car on the belt conveyor, the process of advancing the belt conveyor, the process of loading the steel car onto the belt conveyor, and the process of retracting the belt conveyor are repeated. In the belt conveyor steel vehicle loading process for the second and subsequent belt conveyor steel vehicles from the face side, excavated spoil is transferred from the moving belt conveyor of the other belt conveyor steel vehicles on the face side to the moving belt conveyor of the said belt conveyor steel vehicle. The excavation spoil conveying method according to claim 3 or 4.

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