Filling equipment and filling method

Abstract

To provide a filling implement for surely and efficiently filling spaces caused on the rear face of a waterproof sheet, and a filling method.SOLUTION: The present filling implement 1 is for filling spaces C with a filler F, caused between a coating object (primary coating concrete 24) and a waterproof sheet 21 spread over the coating object when constructing a concrete underground structure. The filling implement 1 has a waterproof sheet body 2 jointed to a take-up part 21a of the waterproof sheet and having a through-hole 2a, a rear face plate 3 provided to the coating object side of the waterproof sheet, with an injection pipe 6 penetrating through the through-hole erected, and a front face plate 4 provided on an opposite side of the covering object of the waterproof sheet body, and sandwiching the water proof sheet body by coupling the waterproof sheet body with the rear face plate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a filling device for filling a gap formed between a waterproof sheet and an object to be coated such as an underground structure or natural ground with a filler when constructing a concrete underground structure such as a tunnel or a box culvert, and a filling method using the same.

Background Art

[0002] In the construction of underground structures such as tunnels, a method of filling a gap between a waterproof sheet and natural ground that occurs after concrete placement with a filler is known. As this method, a method of installing injection holes for injecting a filler into a waterproof sheet in advance has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] However, in the conventional method of installing injection holes for injecting a filler into a waterproof sheet in advance, the processing cost of the sheet increases, and since injection holes of the waterproof sheet are also installed in portions where filling is unnecessary, there is a large amount of processing loss.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above conventional situation, and provides a technique for reliably and efficiently filling a gap formed on the back surface of a waterproof sheet.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The present invention is as follows. 1. A filling device for filling the gaps that occur between the object to be covered and the waterproof sheet stretched over the object during the construction of a concrete underground structure with a filling material, A waterproof sheet body joined to the cut portion of the aforementioned waterproof sheet and having through holes, A back plate is provided on the side of the waterproof sheet body that is to be covered, and an injection pipe is erected on which the through hole is inserted, A filling device characterized by comprising a front plate provided on the side of the waterproof sheet body opposite to the object to be covered, which sandwiches the waterproof sheet body by fastening it with the back plate. 2. The filling device according to 1. above, characterized in that a waterproofing material is installed in the gaps between the back plate and the waterproof sheet body and between the front plate and the waterproof sheet body. 3. The injection pipe is made of a hollow bolt, The filling device according to 1. above, characterized in that the back plate and the front plate are fastened together by screwing in the hollow bolts, sandwiching the waterproof sheet body between them. 4. In a method of filling the voids between the primary lining concrete sprayed onto the tunnel excavation surface and the waterproof sheet laid on the primary lining concrete with a filler, A filling method characterized by cutting out an arbitrary position of the stretched waterproof sheet, installing a filling device described in any one of items 1 to 3 above at the cut-out position, and filling the void created between the primary lining concrete and the waterproof sheet with a filling material through the filling device. 5. In a method of filling the gap between the ground and a waterproof sheet laid on the ground with a filler, A filling method characterized by cutting out an arbitrary position of the stretched waterproof sheet, installing a filling device described in any one of items 1 to 3 above at the cut-out position, and filling the void created between the ground and the stretched waterproof sheet with a filling material through the filling device. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, it is possible to cut the waterproof sheet at any location where a void occurs in the covering object, such as primary lining concrete or natural ground, and then install a filling device at the cut location to fill the void with a filler material. This eliminates the need to prepare a waterproof sheet with injection holes already installed, and allows the use of a general-purpose waterproof sheet, thus reducing costs. Furthermore, since filling can be performed only where necessary, reliable and efficient filling is possible. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] The present invention will be further described in the following detailed description with reference to the drawings, which refer to several drawings, with reference to non-limiting examples of typical embodiments of the present invention, although similar reference numerals indicate similar components in several of the drawings. [Figure 1] This is an explanatory diagram of a filling device according to an embodiment, where (a) shows a side view and (b) shows a view taken along arrow b. [Figure 2] This is a cross-sectional view of the disassembled filling device. [Figure 3] This is a perspective view of a filling device. [Figure 4] This is an explanatory diagram of the method for laying the waterproof sheet according to the embodiment, where (a) shows the state after the secondary lining concrete has been poured, and (b) shows the state after the waterproof sheet has been laid on the primary lining concrete. [Figure 5] This is an explanatory diagram of the filling method according to the embodiment, where (a) shows the state in which a waterproof sheet is laid on the primary lining concrete, (b) shows the state in which a part of the waterproof sheet has been cut out, and (c) shows the view in the direction of arrow c. [Figure 6] This is an explanatory diagram of the filling method according to the embodiment, where (a) shows the state in which the filling device is installed on the waterproof sheet, (b) shows the view in the direction of arrow b, and (c) shows the state in which the filler material is filled into the gap. [Figure 7] This is an explanatory diagram of the filling method according to the embodiment, where (a) and (b) are enlarged views of the main parts of Figure 5(a), (c) is an enlarged view of the main parts of Figure 5(b), (d) is an enlarged view of the main parts of Figure 6(a), (e) shows the state in which the injection adapter is attached to the filling device, and (f) shows the state in which the filler material is filled into the void. [Figure 8] The following are explanatory diagrams of a filling method according to another embodiment: (a) shows a state in which a waterproof sheet is laid out on the ground, (b) shows a state in which voids have been created in the ground, (c) shows a state in which a part of the waterproof sheet has been cut out, (d) shows a state in which a filling device has been installed on the waterproof sheet, (e) shows a state in which an injection adapter has been attached to the filling device, and (f) shows a state in which the voids have been filled with filling material. [Figure 9] The diagrams illustrate filling methods according to further embodiments, where (a) shows a configuration in which the filling material is filled into the gap at the joint between the upper and lower halves of the tunnel and the invert, and (b) shows a configuration in which the filling material is filled into the back side of the invert concrete. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] The matters presented herein are illustrative and illustrative to illustrate embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to provide what is considered to be the most effective and readily understandable explanation of the principles and conceptual features of the present invention. In this regard, it is not intended to show structural details of the present invention beyond what is necessary for a fundamental understanding of the invention, and the description, in conjunction with the drawings, will make it clear to those skilled in the art how some forms of the present invention are actually embodied.

[0010] The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, the "covering target" according to the present invention is exemplified by the primary lining concrete 24 sprayed onto the tunnel excavation surface 23 (see Figure 4).

[0011] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and FIG. 7(d), the filling device 1 of this embodiment is joined to the cut portion 21a of the waterproof sheet 21, and includes a waterproof sheet body 2 provided with a through hole 2a, a back plate 3 provided on the side of the primary covering concrete 24 of the waterproof sheet body 2 and having an injection pipe 6 inserted through the through hole 2a rising therefrom, and a front plate 4 provided on the side opposite to the primary covering concrete 24 of the waterproof sheet body 2 (i.e., the inside of the tunnel) and sandwiching the waterproof sheet body 2 by fastening it to the back plate 3.

[0012] The waterproof sheet body 2 is joined to the cut portion 21a of the waterproof sheet 21 by heat welding (see FIG. 7(d)). However, it may be joined using an adhesive instead of or in addition to heat welding. Further, the waterproof sheet body 2 is formed with a through hole 2a through which the injection pipe 6 of the back plate 3 can be inserted. Specifically, the waterproof sheet body 2 is formed in a 200 mm to 300 mm square with a through hole 2a having a diameter of about 30 mm in the center. Furthermore, the waterproof sheet body 2 has flexibility. Specifically, the waterproof sheet body 2 is preferably made of a heat-weldable resin such as ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and has a thickness of about 0.8 to 2.0 mm. Note that the waterproof sheet body 2 may have the same material, thickness, etc. as the waterproof sheet 21, or may have different materials, thicknesses, etc.

[0013] The rear plate 3 is provided on the surface facing the primary covering concrete 24 side of the waterproof sheet 21 when the filling device 1 is installed on the waterproof sheet 21 (see Fig. 7(d)). Also, the rear plate 3 is formed in a planar shape smaller than the waterproof sheet body 2. Further, a through hole 3a is formed in the rear plate 3, and an injection pipe 6 is attached to the hole 3a. Specifically, the rear plate 3 is made of steel, 150 mm square and about 5 mm thick, with a hole 3a about 30 mm in diameter opened at the center, and a steel injection pipe 6 is welded to this hole 3a. The injection pipe 6 is composed of a hollow bolt. The hollow bolt 6 is about 50 mm long and has a threaded outer circumference. Note that the materials of the rear plate 3 and the injection pipe 6 are not particularly limited, and for example, they may be made of a metal other than steel or made of synthetic resin. Further, the rear plate 3 and the injection pipe 6 may be integrally formed.

[0014] The front plate 4 is provided on the surface facing the side opposite to the primary covering concrete 24 of the waterproof sheet 21 when the filling device 1 is installed on the waterproof sheet 21 (see Fig. 7(d)). Also, the front plate 4 is formed in a planar shape smaller than the waterproof sheet body 2. Further, a through hole 4a through which the injection pipe 6 can be inserted is formed in the front plate 4. Specifically, the front plate 4 is made of steel, with a diameter of 100 mm and a thickness of about 3 mm, and a hole 4a about 30 mm in diameter is opened at the center. Note that the material of the front plate 4 is not particularly limited, and for example, it may be made of a metal other than steel or made of synthetic resin.

[0015] The front plate 4 is combined with the rear plate 3 and the waterproof sheet body 2 by a nut 7 screwed onto the hollow bolt 6. That is, the waterproof sheet body 2 has a structure sandwiched between the rear plate 3 and the front plate 4. Note that the fastening form (integrated form) of each plate 3, 4 is not particularly limited, and in addition to screwing with the hollow bolt 6 and the nut 7, for example, screwing on the flat parts of each plate 3, 4, riveting, etc. can be used.

[0016] Waterproofing material (sealant) 9 is installed in the gaps between the back plate 3 and the waterproof sheet body 2, and between the front plate 4 and the waterproof sheet body 2, by inserting tape-shaped butyl rubber. The sealing material 9 is arranged in a ring shape to surround the through-hole 2a of the waterproof sheet body 2 (see Figure 1). In Figure 1, reference numeral 11 indicates an injection adapter attached to the hollow bolt 6, and reference numeral 12 indicates an injection hose connected to the injection adapter 11.

[0017] Next, a filling method using the filling device 1 with the above configuration will be described. In this embodiment of the waterproof sheet laying method, as shown in Figure 4(a), primary lining concrete 24 is sprayed along the outer perimeter wall surface 23 of the excavated tunnel, the waterproof sheet 21 is laid and fixed along the surface of the primary lining concrete 24, and secondary lining concrete 25 is poured after the formwork (centering) is installed. The waterproof sheet 21 is also fixed to the primary lining concrete 24 with concrete nails (not shown), and the ends are bonded by welding means such as heat welding to lay it over the entire surface of the primary lining concrete 24 (see Figure 4(b)). Note that in Figure 4, reference numeral 27 indicates a sheet support trolley, and reference numeral SL indicates the tunnel spring line.

[0018] After laying out the waterproof sheet 21, a portion of the laid waterproof sheet 21 is cut off in areas where groundwater seeps in from the ground or in areas where the ground is considered weak and highly prone to collapse (see Figures 5 and 7(b)(c)). The cut portion 21a is formed by cutting off a portion of the waterproof sheet 21. The size of the portion of the waterproof sheet 21 to be cut off must be smaller than the size of the waterproof sheet body 2 installed in the filling device 1, and preferably it is 200 mm square or smaller or 200 mm in diameter or smaller.

[0019] Subsequently, the waterproof sheet body 2 installed on the filling device 1 is welded to the cut portion of the waterproof sheet 21 (i.e., the cut portion 21a) (see Figures 6(a)(b) and 7(d)). After confirming that the filling device 1 and the cut portion are welded together, the injection adapter 11 is screwed onto the outer threaded portion of the hollow bolt 6 of the filling device 1, and the filling of the filler material F is started (see Figure 7(e)). The filling of the filler material F is stopped when a predetermined filling amount or pressure is reached (see Figures 6(c) and 7(f)).

[0020] The filler material F can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, such as waterproofing or rock reinforcement, and may include inorganic fillers such as cement milk or water glass, urethane waterproofing material, or high-strength urethane. Furthermore, the filling of the filler material F may be carried out after the placement of the secondary lining concrete 25. In this case, the injection hose 12 (see Figure 1) will protrude from the structure after placement, so the filling device 1 can also serve as a drain during placement.

[0021] As described above, according to this embodiment, it is possible to cut the waterproof sheet 21 at any position where a void C is created between the primary lining concrete 24 sprayed on the tunnel excavation surface 23 and the waterproof sheet 21, and then install a filling device 1 at the cut position to fill the void C with a filler material F. Therefore, it is not necessary to prepare a waterproof sheet with injection holes installed in advance, and a general-purpose waterproof sheet 21 can be used, thus reducing costs. Furthermore, since filling can be done only where it is necessary, reliable and efficient filling is possible. In addition, by installing the filling device 1 in areas with a lot of seepage, seepage that accumulates on the back of the waterproof sheet 21 can be drained by the injection pipe 6 (specifically, a hollow bolt 6).

[0022] Furthermore, in this embodiment, since waterproofing material 9 is installed in the gaps between the back plate 3 and the waterproof sheet body 2, and between the front plate 4 and the waterproof sheet body 2, there will be no leakage of groundwater or filling material even in areas with a lot of groundwater seepage.

[0023] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the injection pipe 6 is made of hollow bolts, and the back plate 3 and the front plate 4 are fastened together by screwing in the hollow bolts 6, sandwiching the waterproof sheet body 2 between them, thus providing a simple and inexpensive filling device 1.

[0024] Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention depending on the purpose and application. That is, in the above embodiment, a form in which the void C that occurs between the primary lining concrete 24 (to be covered) and the waterproof sheet 21 is filled with a filler material F was illustrated, but the invention is not limited to this, and for example, as shown in Figure 8, a form in which the void C that occurs between the ground 29 (to be covered) and the waterproof sheet 21 laid on the ground 29 is filled with a filler material F may be used. Specifically, an arbitrary position in the laid waterproof sheet 21 is cut, a filling device 1 is installed at the cut position, and the void C that occurs between the ground 29 and the laid waterproof sheet 21 is filled with a filler material F through the filling device 1.

[0025] Furthermore, while the above embodiment illustrates a configuration in which the filling device 1 is installed in the waterproof sheet 21 at positions corresponding to the upper and lower halves of the tunnel, the embodiment is not limited to this. For example, as shown in Figure 9, the filling device 1 may be installed in the waterproof sheet 21 at a position corresponding to the invert. In Figure 9, reference numeral 37 indicates the excavation payment line, and reference numeral 38 indicates the invert payment line. In addition, the filling device 1 in Figure 9 is exaggerated and enlarged compared to its actual size.

[0026] Specifically, for example, as shown in Figure 9(a), a filling device 1 may be installed in the waterproof sheet 21 at a position corresponding to the joint 31 between the upper and lower halves of the tunnel and the invert, and a filling material F may be filled into the space (void) C created at the joint 31. In a configuration where backfill injection material 36 such as mortar is filled between the sprayed concrete 32 or invert sprayed concrete 34 and the waterproof sheet 21, backfill injection cannot be performed for approximately 700 mm between the joint 31 between the upper and lower halves and the invert, resulting in a space C. However, by using the filling device 1, the filling material F can be filled into the space C. Furthermore, by installing the filling device 1 before pouring the lining concrete 33 or invert concrete 35, the filling device 1 can also serve as a drainage device during pouring.

[0027] Alternatively, as shown in Figure 9(b), for example, a filling device 1 may be installed on the waterproof sheet 21 at a position corresponding to the invert sprayed concrete 34, and the filling material F may be filled behind the invert. This can improve the quality of the invert concrete 35 placement. Furthermore, by installing the filling device 1 before placing the lining concrete 33 or the invert concrete 35, the filling device 1 can also serve as a drainage device during placement. In addition, by installing the filling device 1 at multiple locations on the waterproof sheet 21, groundwater seepage can be effectively reduced before placing the invert concrete 35.

[0028] Furthermore, although the above embodiment illustrates a configuration in which the nut 7 that screws onto the hollow bolt 6 is provided separately from the front plate 4, the invention is not limited to this, and for example, the nut 7 may be provided integrally with the front plate 4.

[0029] The present invention is not limited to the embodiments detailed above, and various modifications or changes are possible within the scope of the claims of the present invention. [Industrial applicability]

[0030] This invention is widely used as a technique for filling voids that occur on the back of a waterproofing sheet during the construction of concrete structures with a filler material. [Explanation of symbols]

[0031] 1; Filling device, 2; Waterproof sheet body, 2a; Through hole, 3; Back plate, 4; Front plate, 6; Injection pipe (hollow bolt), 9; Waterproofing material, 21; Waterproof sheet, 21a; Cut section, 23; Tunnel excavation surface, 24; Primary lining concrete (to be covered), 29; Natural ground (to be covered), C; Void, F; Filling material.

Claims

1. A filling device for filling the gaps that occur between the object to be covered and the waterproof sheet stretched over the object during the construction of a concrete underground structure with a filling material, A waterproof sheet body joined to the cut portion of the aforementioned waterproof sheet and having through holes, A back plate is provided on the side of the waterproof sheet body that is to be covered, and an injection pipe is erected on which the through hole is inserted, A filling device characterized by comprising a front plate provided on the side of the waterproof sheet body opposite to the object to be covered, which sandwiches the waterproof sheet body by fastening it with the back plate.

2. The filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that a waterproofing material is installed in the gaps between the back plate and the waterproof sheet body, and between the front plate and the waterproof sheet body.

3. The aforementioned injection pipe is constructed from a hollow bolt, The filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the back plate and the front plate are fastened together by screwing in the hollow bolts, sandwiching the waterproof sheet body between them.

4. In a method of filling the voids between the primary lining concrete sprayed onto the tunnel excavation surface and the waterproof sheet laid on the primary lining concrete with a filler, A filling method characterized by cutting out an arbitrary position of the stretched waterproof sheet, installing a filling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 at the cut-out position, and filling the void created between the primary lining concrete and the waterproof sheet with a filling material through the filling device.

5. In a method of filling the gap between the ground and a waterproof sheet laid on the ground with a filler, A filling method characterized by cutting out an arbitrary position of the stretched waterproof sheet, installing a filling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 at the cut-out position, and filling the void created between the ground and the stretched waterproof sheet with a filling material through the filling device.

Images