A tunnel type steel frame butt joint constraint mounting joint
By combining limiting angle steel and steel wedges, the problems of long connection time and large installation error of traditional steel frame are solved, realizing the rapid and non-destructive installation of tunnel steel frames and improving construction safety and efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SICHUAN JIAOTOU CONSTR ENG CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
AI Technical Summary
In traditional tunnel engineering, bolted connections of steel frames are time-consuming and prone to large installation errors, making the joints weak points in the support structure, affecting construction safety and increasing economic losses.
The system employs a combination of limiting angle steel and steel wedges, achieving a stable connection of the steel frame through a docking channel and locking structure. This simplifies the installation process, avoids bolt connections, and improves connection stability and overall structural strength.
It enables rapid and non-destructive installation of steel frames, reduces the labor intensity of workers, improves construction efficiency, enhances the reliability of tunnel support systems, and avoids the drawbacks of unreliable bolt connections.
Smart Images
Figure CN224351979U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of steel section connection technology, and more specifically, to a steel section steel frame connection constraint installation joint for tunnels. Background Technology
[0002] With the rapid development of tunnel engineering construction in my country and the increasing aging of the population, heavy manual labor and front-line manual work will inevitably shift more and more towards industrialization, factory production, and intelligentization. The initial support structure of traditional tunnel engineering generally includes shotcrete, system anchor bolts, steel frames, and reinforcing mesh. Among these, the steel frames, due to their large size and weight, need to be broken down into multiple units and connected on-site using bolts inside the tunnel. Because of the large number of bolts, the installation time is long, the workload is heavy, and many bolts are difficult to install properly due to the influence of installation errors of the backing plates. This often leads to the steel frame joints becoming weak points in the support structure, causing failure first when the surrounding rock pressure is too high, affecting construction safety and causing economic losses.
[0003] To solve the above problems, it is necessary to study a non-destructive, fully constrained, and quick-installation joint for tunnel-type steel frames. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a tunnel-type steel frame butt restraint installation joint, which addresses the shortcomings of the existing technology and solves the problems mentioned in the background.
[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows:
[0006] The utility model provides a tunnel steel frame docking constraint installation joint, including a docking mounting base. The side wall of the docking mounting base is provided with a docking channel adapted to the steel frame. Steel frames are inserted on both sides of the docking channel. One side wall of the steel frame is provided with a limiting structure, and the other side wall of the steel frame is provided with a locking structure.
[0007] In some technical solutions of this utility model, the limiting structure is a limiting angle steel, which is welded inside the two flanges of the steel frame.
[0008] In some technical solutions of this utility model, the number of limiting angle steels is two sets, and the two sets of limiting angle steels are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the steel frame with the steel reinforcement as the axis of symmetry.
[0009] In some technical solutions of this utility model, the locking structure is a steel wedge, which is placed between the steel frame and the side wall opposite to the docking channel.
[0010] In some technical solutions of this utility model, the cross-section of the steel wedge is triangular or isosceles trapezoidal.
[0011] In some technical solutions of this utility model, the steel wedge has a length of 5-10cm, a tip thickness of more than 1mm, and a tail thickness of less than 5mm.
[0012] In some technical solutions of this utility model, the length of the two limbs of the limiting angle steel is less than 5cm and the thickness should not be less than 5mm.
[0013] In some technical solutions of this utility model, the inner cavity size of the docking channel is 2-3 mm larger than the outer size of the steel frame.
[0014] Compared to existing technologies, this utility model has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects: Two steel frames are inserted from the docking channels on both sides of the mounting base. A limiting structure is installed on the side wall of one of the steel frames to prevent displacement during installation; the other steel frame is secured by a locking structure (placed between the steel frame and the side wall of the docking channel), ultimately achieving a stable connection and constraint between the two steel frames, simplifying the installation process, improving connection stability, reducing the risk of steel frame displacement, and enhancing the overall structural strength; it is suitable for rapid construction, improving the reliability of the tunnel support system; after adjacent steel frame units are docked and abutted, double-sided steel wedges are hammered into the gap, generating a clamping force to fix the position of the steel frame, completing the joint installation. This eliminates the need for drilling holes in the steel frame units, achieving non-destructive installation of the steel frames; the installation process eliminates bolt connection operations, greatly reducing the labor intensity of workers inside the tunnel, improving work efficiency, and avoiding the drawbacks of unreliable bolt connections. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is the general layout diagram of the non-destructive, fully constrained, quick-installation joint for medium-sized steel frames of this utility model.
[0016] Figure 2 This is a detailed drawing of the non-destructive, fully constrained, quick-installation connector for medium-sized steel frames, which is part of this utility model.
[0017] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the non-destructive, fully constrained, quick-installation joint for medium-sized steel frames of this utility model.
[0018] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the BB section of the medium-sized steel frame non-destructive fully constrained quick installation joint of this utility model.
[0019] Figure 5 This is a detailed drawing of the steel wedge plate of the non-destructive, fully constrained, quick-installation joint for medium-sized steel frames in this utility model.
[0020] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C.
[0021] Reference numerals: 1. Steel frame; 2. Butt mounting base; 3. Steel wedge; 4. Limiting angle steel. Detailed Implementation
[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0023] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.
[0024] Example
[0025] This utility model provides a butt-joint constraint installation joint for a tunnel-type steel frame 1, such as... Figures 1-6 As shown, the system includes a docking mounting base 2, with docking channels adapted to the steel frame 1 cut into its side walls. These channels run through both ends of the docking mounting base 2, and both the mounting base 2 and the docking channels are in an "I" shape. Steel frames 1 are inserted into both sides of the docking channels. One steel frame 1 has a limiting structure on its side wall, while the other steel frame 1 has a locking structure between its side wall and the opposite side wall of the docking channel. The limiting structure provides a rigid stop, and the locking structure eliminates gaps through clamping force, ensuring the steel frame resists external loads (such as earth pressure or vibration) in the tunnel environment, preventing misalignment or loosening. During tunnel construction, the two steel frames 1 are inserted into the docking channels on both sides of the docking mounting base 2. A limiting structure is installed on the side wall of one of the steel frames 1 to prevent the steel frame 1 from shifting during installation; the other steel frame 1 is fastened by a locking structure (placed between the steel frame 1 and the side wall of the docking channel), ultimately achieving a stable connection and constraint between the two steel frames, simplifying the installation process, improving connection stability, reducing the risk of steel frame shifting, and enhancing the overall structural strength; it is suitable for rapid construction and improves the reliability of the tunnel support system.
[0026] In some technical solutions of this utility model, the limiting structure is a limiting angle steel 4, which is welded inside the two flanges of the steel frame 1. The limiting angle steel 4 is welded to the inner side of the two flanges (i.e., the edge of the steel frame) of the steel frame 1; during installation, the angle steel contacts the side wall of the connecting channel, forming a physical stop point, restricting the sliding of the steel frame within the channel. The angle steel structure is simple, easy to mass-produce and install; using the angle steel structure to limit the steel frame 1 reduces the risk of loosening and improves the durability of the joint.
[0027] In some technical solutions of this utility model, the number of limiting angle steels 4 is two sets, and the two sets of limiting angle steels 4 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the steel frame 1 with the steel reinforcement as the axis of symmetry. The two sets of limiting angle steels 4 are symmetrically welded to the flanges on both sides of the steel frame 1; during installation, the two sets of angle steels simultaneously contact the docking channel, applying a balanced constraint force to prevent the steel frame from tilting or twisting. The limiting angle steels 4 on both sides provide equal clamping force to the steel frame 1, eliminating single-point stress concentration, improving connection stability, preventing non-uniform deformation, reducing installation errors of the steel frame, and enhancing the seismic resistance of the tunnel structure.
[0028] In some technical solutions of this utility model, the locking structure is a steel wedge 3, which is placed between the steel frame 1 and the side wall opposite to the docking channel. During installation, after adjacent steel frame 1 units are docked and brought together, the steel wedges 3 on both sides are hammered into the gap, generating a clamping force to fix the position of the steel frame and complete the joint installation. This eliminates the need for drilling holes in the steel frame 1 units, achieving non-destructive installation of the steel frame. The installation process eliminates bolt connection operations, greatly reducing the labor intensity of workers inside the hole, improving work efficiency, and avoiding the drawbacks of unreliable bolt connections.
[0029] In some technical solutions of this utility model, the cross-section of the steel wedge 3 is triangular or isosceles trapezoidal. When the wedge is hammered in, it generates radial friction and clamping force, locking the steel frame and eliminating gaps. The triangular cross-section of the steel wedge 3 creates a progressive clamping process during hammering: the tip easily inserts into the gap, the tail provides a larger contact area, and ultimately a tight fit is formed between the steel frame and the channel wall.
[0030] The above-described structure for securing the steel structure eliminates the need for welding during installation inside the tunnel, making it suitable for gas tunnels.
[0031] In some technical solutions of this utility model, the steel wedge 3 has a length of 5~10cm, a tip thickness of more than 1mm, and a tail thickness of less than 5mm.
[0032] In some technical solutions of this utility model, the length of the two limbs of the limiting angle steel 4 is less than 5cm and the thickness should not be less than 5mm.
[0033] In some technical solutions of this utility model, the inner cavity size of the docking channel is 2-3 mm larger than the outer size of the steel frame 1. The steel frame 1 is custom-made in a factory according to its design dimensions, with its internal dimensions slightly larger than the outer dimensions to ensure smooth installation. The material used is the same type of steel as the steel frame material, and its thickness is consistent with the thickness of the steel web. For its supporting parts, the angle steel can be B-type angle steel, welded to the steel frame 1; the steel wedge 3 can be cold-pressed from ordinary Q235 steel plate.
[0034] According to the design dimensions of steel frame 1, it is mass-produced in the factory. It can be processed by casting, forging, cutting, bending, welding and other processes. The joint length is required to be 3 times the cross-sectional height of steel frame 1. The internal dimension of the joint is required to be 2-3 mm larger than the external dimension of steel frame 1 to facilitate installation. The radial radius of the center position of the joint should be the same as the radial radius of the center position of steel frame 1.
[0035] The length of the angle steel is cut and manufactured according to the clear height between the two flanges of the steel frame 1. The length of the two legs of the angle steel should not be less than 5cm and the thickness should not be less than 5mm.
[0036] Each unit of the steel frame 1 is cut and bent according to the design requirements, and the pre-made angle steel is symmetrically and firmly welded to both sides of the web plate at the higher end of each unit of the steel frame 1 after installation, according to the position shown in the figure. When no joint is set at the mid-span position of the arch unit, angle steel does not need to be welded.
[0037] According to the dimensions of the steel frame 1, steel wedges 3 are mass-produced in the factory. The width of the wedges should be less than the net height between the two flanges of the steel frame 1, and should avoid the arc between the flange and the web. The length of the steel wedges 3 should be 5~10cm, the thickness of the tip should not be greater than 1mm, and the thickness of the tail end should not be less than 5mm.
[0038] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A tunnel-type steel frame butt-joint constraint installation joint, characterized in that, It includes a docking mounting base (2), on the side wall of the docking mounting base (2) is a docking channel adapted to the steel frame (1), and steel frames (1) are inserted on both sides of the docking channel. One of the steel frames (1) has a limiting structure on its side wall, and the other steel frame (1) has a locking structure between its side wall and the side wall opposite to the docking channel.
2. The tunnel steel frame butt joint constraint installation joint according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting structure is a limiting angle steel (4), which is welded to the two flanges of the steel frame (1).
3. The tunnel steel frame butt joint constraint installation joint according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of limiting angle steels (4) is two sets, and the two sets of limiting angle steels (4) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the steel frame (1) with the steel reinforcement as the axis of symmetry.
4. A tunnel steel frame butt joint constraint installation joint according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The locking structure is a steel wedge (3), which is placed between the steel frame (1) and the side wall opposite to the docking channel.
5. The tunnel steel frame butt joint constraint installation joint according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cross-section of the steel wedge (3) is triangular or isosceles trapezoidal.
6. The tunnel steel frame butt joint constraint installation joint according to claim 5, characterized in that, The steel wedge (3) is 5~10cm long, with a tip thickness greater than 1mm and a tail thickness less than 5mm.
7. A tunnel steel frame butt joint constraint installation joint according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The length of the two legs of the angle steel should be less than 5cm, and the thickness should not be less than 5mm.
8. The tunnel steel frame butt joint constraint installation joint according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner cavity of the docking channel is 2-3 mm larger than the outer dimensions of the steel frame (1).