Adaptive multi-vector illumination delivery system

Abstract

To provide a suitable adaptive multivector illumination delivery system.SOLUTION: The present application generally relates to medical systems, devices and methods, and more particularly relates to sanitization, disinfection, and sterilization of medical systems, medical devices, and areas of medical facilities and other areas where the control and prevention of disease are desired. An ultraviolet emitting system for sanitizing target volume can include a plurality of adjustably positionable light sources having a collapsed position and the expanded position. The light sources of the plurality of adjustably positionable light sources can be configured to emit ultraviolet light in substantially homogenous irradiance within the target volume in any position between the collapsed position and the expanded position.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] (Cross - Reference to Related Applications) This patent application claims the benefit of priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 617,755, filed on January 16, 2018, by Luis F. Romo, titled "ADAPTIVE MULTIVECTOR ILLUMINATION DELIVERY SYSTEM, NETWORK AND VOLUME DISINFECTION MATRIX", which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0002] This application generally relates to medical systems, devices, and methods, and more specifically to the sanitation, disinfection, and sterilization of medical systems, medical devices, and areas within a medical facility, as well as other areas where disease control and prevention are desired. Sanitation is a general term that is often used in relation to ultraviolet systems and formally describes an agent that reduces bacterial contaminants to a safe level. Disinfection is a more commonly used appropriate term for ultraviolet systems and describes the process of eliminating many or all pathogenic microorganisms on inanimate objects. Sterilization is formally defined as an effective process used to render a product free of all forms of viable microorganisms. A surface is defined as sterile when it contains no living microorganisms, but verification of sterility is subject to limitations in test sensitivity and practicality.

Background Art

[0003] Microbial contamination is a global concern within many industries, particularly in the healthcare sector. This can cost countries up to billions of dollars annually, and more importantly, contaminant pathogens plague public and private (e.g., healthcare) settings as well as the environment. These contaminated environments can lead to infectious diseases, ultimately causing death. Furthermore, many infectious diseases are transmitted through contact with contaminated areas and surfaces. The type and severity of infectious diseases transmitted in this way vary. For example, viral and bacterial diseases can also be transmitted through physical contact with surfaces where infectious agents can be endemic or colonized. Moreover, there is growing awareness and concern worldwide of the possibility of widespread epidemics or even pandemics of infectious diseases. These concerns stem in part from spontaneous mutations, such as the potential of influenza and other viruses, and the emergence of new diseases, as well as the increasing resistance of bacterial strains to conventional antibiotics and even newly developed potent antibiotics.

[0004] Existing disinfection devices and systems for healthcare facilities may be inadequate in terms of providing sufficient levels of disinfection and reducing the need for disinfection. For example, liquid chemical technologies are used for antimicrobial and disinfection purposes. However, liquid technologies sometimes fail to function, leading to patient infections and the spread of antibiotic-resistant organisms. Furthermore, due to the resistance of certain pathogens, such as Clostridium difficile, to conventional chemical disinfectants, there is a simultaneous need to enhance or even replace existing disinfection methods that employ chemicals. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0005] In drawings that are not necessarily drawn to a consistent scale, similar numbers may describe similar components in different drawings. Similar numbers with different subscripts may represent different instances of similar components. Drawings generally illustrate various embodiments discussed in this book, not as limitations, but as examples.

[0006] [Figure 1]Figure 1 illustrates a perspective view of a disinfection device in a crushed, compact configuration according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0007] [Figure 2] Figure 2 shows an overhead view of the disinfection device of Figure 1 according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0008] [Figure 3] Figure 3 illustrates a side view of the disinfection device of Figure 1 according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0009] [Figure 4] Figure 4 illustrates a perspective view of the disinfection device of Figure 3 in an extended configuration according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0010] [Figure 5] Figure 5 illustrates a side view of the disinfection device shown in Figure 4, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0011] [Figure 6] Figure 6 shows an overhead view of the disinfection device of Figure 4 according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] [Figure 7] Figure 7 shows an overhead view of the disinfection device of Figure 1 deployed in a room according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0013] [Figure 8] Figure 8 illustrates a typical inverse square law and a representative point light source disinfection device in the prior art, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] [Figure 9-1] Figures 9A–9D illustrate how ultraviolet light is emitted from the device discussed herein, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9-2]Figures 9A-9D illustrate how ultraviolet light is emitted from the devices discussed herein according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] [Figure 10] Figure 10 illustrates a side view of the disinfection device of FIG. 4 deployed within a room, depicting the floor and ceiling, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] [Figure 11A] Figures 11A-11C illustrate the stages of deployment of the disinfection device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 11B] Figures 11A-11C illustrate the stages of deployment of the disinfection device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 11C] Figures 11A-11C illustrate the stages of deployment of the disinfection device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] [Figure 12] Figure 12 illustrates a stackable disinfection device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [[ID=?]] [[ID=?]] [[ID=?]]

[0018] [[ID=?]] [[ID=?]] [Figure 13] Figure 13 illustrates a disinfection device configured to hang down from a wall structure according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] [Figure 14] Figure 14 illustrates a disinfection device configured to hang down from a ceiling according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] [Figure 15] Figure 15 illustrates the locking mechanism on the disinfection device of FIG. 1 according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. <000_{0}110> [Figure 16] It should be noted that there are some question marks in the translation where the original tags seem to be in an incorrect format. Please double-check the original text for those tags to ensure accurate translation.Figures 16A–16D illustrate how, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, a hospital bed would be removed from a patient's room and disinfected separately while the disinfection device is moved into the room to disinfect the room's surfaces.

[0022] [Figure 17] Figure 17 illustrates how, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, a proximity sensor in a disinfection device measures distance and position via communication waves from multiple arms.

[0023] [Figure 18A] Figures 18A-18C illustrate disinfection devices installed in different room configurations according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 18B] Figures 18A-18C illustrate disinfection devices installed in different room configurations according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 18C] Figures 18A-18C illustrate disinfection devices installed in different room configurations according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] [Figure 19A] Figures 19A–19G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 19B] Figures 19A–19G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 19C] Figures 19A–19G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 19D] Figures 19A–19G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 19E] Figures 19A–19G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 19F] Figures 19A–19G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 19G] Figures 19A–19G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] [Figure 20A] Figures 20A–20G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 20B] Figures 20A–20G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 20C] Figures 20A–20G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 20D] Figures 20A–20G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 20E] Figures 20A–20G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 20F] Figures 20A–20G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 20G] Figures 20A–20G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] [Figure 21A] Figures 21A–21G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 21B] Figures 21A–21G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 21C] Figures 21A–21G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 21D] Figures 21A–21G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 21E] Figures 21A–21G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 21F] Figures 21A–21G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 21G] Figures 21A–21G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] [Figure 22A] Figures 22A–22G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 22B] Figures 22A–22G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 22C] Figures 22A–22G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 22D] Figures 22A–22G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 22E] Figures 22A–22G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 22F] Figures 22A–22G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 22G]Figures 22A–22G illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] [Figure 23A] Figures 23A-23B illustrate a rail deployment mechanism according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 23B] Figures 23A-23B illustrate a rail deployment mechanism according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] [Figure 24A] Figures 24A–24F illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 24B] Figures 24A–24F illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 24C] Figures 24A–24F illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 24D] Figures 24A–24F illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 24E] Figures 24A–24F illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 24F] Figures 24A–24F illustrate a disinfection device with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] [Figure 25A] Figures 25A-25J illustrate a controllably driven base with program logic according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 25B] Figures 25A-25J illustrate a controllably driven base with program logic according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 25C] Figures 25A-25J illustrate a controllably driven base with program logic according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 25D] Figures 25A-25J illustrate a controllably driven base with program logic according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 25E] Figures 25A-25J illustrate a controllably driven base with program logic according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 25F] Figures 25A-25J illustrate a controllably driven base with program logic according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 25G] Figures 25A-25J illustrate a controllably driven base with program logic according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 25H] Figures 25A-25J illustrate a controllably driven base with program logic according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 25I] Figures 25A-25J illustrate a controllably driven base with program logic according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 25J] Figures 25A-25J illustrate a controllably driven base with program logic according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] [Figure 26A] Figures 26A-26I illustrate a removable and mountable rail containing an ultraviolet source, with a coupling mechanism for a disinfection device, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 26B] Figures 26A-26I illustrate a removable and mountable rail containing an ultraviolet source, with a coupling mechanism for a disinfection device, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 26C] Figures 26A-26I illustrate a removable and mountable rail containing an ultraviolet source, with a coupling mechanism for a disinfection device, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 26D] Figures 26A-26I illustrate a removable and mountable rail containing an ultraviolet source, with a coupling mechanism for a disinfection device, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 26E] Figures 26A-26I illustrate a removable and mountable rail containing an ultraviolet source, with a coupling mechanism for a disinfection device, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 26F] Figures 26A-26I illustrate a removable and mountable rail containing an ultraviolet source, with a coupling mechanism for a disinfection device, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 26G] Figures 26A-26I illustrate a removable and mountable rail containing an ultraviolet source, with a coupling mechanism for a disinfection device, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 26H] Figures 26A-26I illustrate a removable and mountable rail containing an ultraviolet source, with a coupling mechanism for a disinfection device, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 26I] Figures 26A-26I illustrate a removable and mountable rail containing an ultraviolet source, with a coupling mechanism for a disinfection device, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] [Figure 27A] Figures 27A-27F illustrate a disinfection device with an expandable ring structure according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 27B] Figures 27A-27F illustrate a disinfection device with an expandable ring structure according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 27C] Figures 27A-27F illustrate a disinfection device with an expandable ring structure according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 27D] Figures 27A-27F illustrate a disinfection device with an expandable ring structure according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 27E]Figures 27A-27F illustrate a disinfection device with an expandable ring structure according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 27F] Figures 27A-27F illustrate a disinfection device with an expandable ring structure according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] [Figure 28] Figure 28 illustrates a disinfection device with a horizontally expandable track with an expandable support structure, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] [Figure 29] Figure 29 illustrates a disinfection device with a tension rod extension mechanism according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] [Figure 30] Figure 30 illustrates a disinfection device with a compression compartment rail mechanism according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] [Figure 31A] Figures 31A-31D illustrate a disinfection device with a peripheral geometric shape multi-base mechanism according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 31B] Figures 31A-31D illustrate a disinfection device with a peripheral geometric shape multi-base mechanism according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 31C] Figures 31A-31D illustrate a disinfection device with a peripheral geometric shape multi-base mechanism according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 31D] Figures 31A-31D illustrate a disinfection device with a peripheral geometric shape multi-base mechanism according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] [Figure 32A] Figures 32A-32C illustrate a disinfection device with a peripheral geometric shape mechanism according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 32B]Figures 32A-32C illustrate a disinfection device with a peripheral geometric shape mechanism according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 32C] Figures 32A-32C illustrate a disinfection device with a peripheral geometric shape mechanism according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] [Figure 33A] Figures 33A–33G illustrate a disinfection device with an expandable base structure with a deployable arm, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 33B] Figures 33A–33G illustrate a disinfection device with an expandable base structure with a deployable arm, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 33C] Figures 33A–33G illustrate a disinfection device with an expandable base structure with a deployable arm, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 33D] Figures 33A–33G illustrate a disinfection device with an expandable base structure with a deployable arm, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 33E] Figures 33A–33G illustrate a disinfection device with an expandable base structure with a deployable arm, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 33F] Figures 33A–33G illustrate a disinfection device with an expandable base structure with a deployable arm, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 33G] Figures 33A–33G illustrate a disinfection device with an expandable base structure with a deployable arm, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] [Figure 34] Figure 34 illustrates the volumetric energy reference of a point light source in a room according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] [Figure 35]Figure 35 illustrates a uniform matrix of energy volume within a chamber, achieved by a number of delivery mechanisms as described above, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] [Figure 36A] Figures 36A-36B illustrate irradiation of a central source within a target volume according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 36B] Figures 36A-36B illustrate irradiation of a central source within a target volume according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] [Figure 37A] Figures 37A-37B illustrate irradiation of a target volume with two sources according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 37B] Figures 37A-37B illustrate irradiation of a target volume with two sources according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] [Figure 38A] Figures 38A-38B illustrate irradiation of a target volume with three sources according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 38B] Figures 38A-38B illustrate irradiation of a target volume with three sources according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0044] [Figure 39A] Figures 39A-B illustrate the irradiation of an energy matrix within a target volume according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 39B] Figures 39A-B illustrate the irradiation of an energy matrix within a target volume according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0045] [Figure 40A] Figures 40A–40D illustrate disinfection data for the system discussed herein, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 40B]Figures 40A–40D illustrate disinfection data for the system discussed herein, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 40C] Figures 40A–40D illustrate disinfection data for the system discussed herein, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 40D] Figures 40A–40D illustrate disinfection data for the system discussed herein, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] [Figure 41A] Figures 41A–41D illustrate irradiation data for the system discussed herein, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 41B] Figures 41A–41D illustrate irradiation data for the system discussed herein, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 41C] Figures 41A–41D illustrate irradiation data for the system discussed herein, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 41D] Figures 41A–41D illustrate irradiation data for the system discussed herein, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 41E] Figure 41E shows the time-series irradiation profiles for both walls and floors, illustrating the average irradiation over time across four sides at wall location A, and the average irradiation over time across four sides at floor location D.

[0047] [Figure 42A] Figures 42A-42C illustrate a light source array within a target volume according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 42B] Figures 42A-42C illustrate a light source array within a target volume according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 42C] Figures 42A-42C illustrate a light source array within a target volume according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] [Figure 43A] Figures 43A-43F illustrate the light source spacing arrangement within the target volume according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 43B] Figures 43A-43F illustrate the light source spacing arrangement within the target volume according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 43C] Figures 43A-43F illustrate the light source spacing arrangement within the target volume according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 43D] Figures 43A-43F illustrate the light source spacing arrangement within the target volume according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 43E] Figures 43A-43F illustrate the light source spacing arrangement within the target volume according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 43F] Figures 43A-43F illustrate the light source spacing arrangement within the target volume according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] [Figure 44] Figure 44 illustrates a block diagram illustrating an exemplary computer system machine in which any one or more prior art may be implemented or facilitated by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] [Figure 45] Figure 45 shows an isometric view of an exemplary embodiment of a modular ultraviolet disinfection cassette.

[0051] [Figure 46] Figure 46 shows a front view of an exemplary embodiment of a modular ultraviolet disinfection cassette.

[0052] [Figure 47] Figure 47 shows an exemplary embodiment of a wire mesh cage.

[0053] [Figure 48] Figure 48 shows a front view of an exemplary embodiment of a frame to which an exemplary embodiment of a modular ultraviolet disinfection cassette may be mounted.

[0054] [Figure 49] Figure 49 shows an exemplary embodiment of a cassette arranged within a frame for stackable cassettes and chambers.

[0055] [Figure 50] Figure 50 shows an exemplary embodiment of the cumulative effect of multiple vector light generated from multiple cassettes.

[0056] [Figure 51] Figure 51 shows an exemplary embodiment of four rectangular cassettes coupled together within an array framework.

[0057] [Figure 52] Figure 52 shows an exemplary embodiment of 16 rectangular cassettes coupled together within a stacked array framework.

[0058] [Figure 53] Figure 53 shows an exemplary embodiment of eight rectangular cassettes coupled together within an octagonal chamber array to generate an ultraviolet target zone of concentrated multiple vector light.

[0059] [Figure 54] Figure 54 shows an exemplary embodiment of twelve rectangular cassettes, which are joined together four on the left, four on the right, and four overhead to create a corridor chamber through which items can pass and be disinfected.

[0060] [Figure 55] Figure 55 shows an exemplary embodiment of 12 rectangular cassettes coupled together within a semicircular chamber, in which an ultraviolet target zone is generated on the inside.

[0061] [Figure 56]Figure 56 shows an exemplary embodiment of a triangular cassette containing three ultraviolet lamps, which can form a three-dimensional chamber, such as a geodesic dome, in which an ultraviolet target zone is generated on the inside.

[0062] [Figure 57] Figure 57 shows an exemplary embodiment of an array of triangular cassettes forming a hexagonal structure that can form part of a geodesic dome, in which an ultraviolet target zone is generated on the inside.

[0063] [Figure 58] Figure 58 shows an exemplary embodiment of a geodesic dome consisting of triangular cassettes forming a chamber around a fully enclosed ultraviolet target zone.

[0064] [Figure 59A] Figures 59A-D show examples of internal cassettes and coupling hinges that may be used when connecting and stacking arrays of cassettes. [Figure 59B] Figures 59A-D show examples of internal cassettes and coupling hinges that may be used when connecting and stacking arrays of cassettes. [Figure 59C] Figures 59A-D show examples of internal cassettes and coupling hinges that may be used when connecting and stacking arrays of cassettes. [Figure 59D] Figures 59A-D show examples of internal cassettes and coupling hinges that may be used when connecting and stacking arrays of cassettes.

[0065] [Figure 60A] Figures 60A-C illustrate embodiments of cassette arrays employing coupling hinges and end caps for wall connection, with and without casters, the latter being a free-floating array supported by wall coupling / mutual locking, and the cassette array images fold into a compact unit relative to the wall. [Figure 60B]Figures 60A-C illustrate embodiments of cassette arrays employing coupling hinges and end caps for wall connection, with and without casters, the latter being a free-floating array supported by wall coupling / mutual locking, and the cassette array images fold into a compact unit relative to the wall. [Figure 60C] Figures 60A-C illustrate embodiments of cassette arrays employing coupling hinges and end caps for wall connection, with and without casters, the latter being a free-floating array supported by wall coupling / mutual locking, and the cassette array images fold into a compact unit relative to the wall.

[0066] [Figure 61] Figure 61 shows an exemplary embodiment of a figurative application of a large array of internal cassettes, in which coupling hinges are stacked and arranged to form a larger hangar capable of disinfecting the space shuttle. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0067] It is worth noting that current disinfection techniques utilizing ultraviolet technology or area ultraviolet disinfection units may not achieve the performance levels necessary to eradicate surface-borne pathogens in healthcare facilities, nor may they provide adequate coverage and exposure to all surfaces, thus failing to compete with conventional chemical disinfection methods. They may also fail to provide complete exposure to all shaded crevices where microorganisms may reside and escape disinfection. Furthermore, area ultraviolet disinfection units currently in use often require operating times that negatively impact the schedules and operations of the hospitals to which they are applied. Conventional point-source area disinfection systems, which have been used to disinfect hospital areas, often suffer from performance limitations, where the irradiation level decreases with distance from the ultraviolet source, roughly following the inverse square law (ISL). One embodiment of point-source ultraviolet radiation or light is a single light source or bulb within a target volume or room. Another embodiment is multiple light sources that are interconnected in close proximity to each other. Such multiple light sources may be mounted, for example, on a fixed frame or structure. Examples of these existing disinfection devices, systems, and methods include those disclosed in U.S. Patent Applications Publications 2012 / 0305787, 2017 / 0049915, 2008 / 0213128, and U.S. Patents 9,165,756, 8,575,567, 6,656,424, 6911177, 6,911,178, 6,911,179, 5,891,399, 9,345,798, and D684671. Other patents and publications that may relate to disinfection devices include U.S. Patent Nos. 8,907,304, 9,044,521, TW381489Y, TW556556Y, U.S. Patent No. 7,459,964, CN206063449, WO2010115183, U.S.20150284206, KR101767055, WO2015012592, and KR20150028153.

[0068] Therefore, there is a need for improved disinfection devices, systems, and methods for disinfection that can provide disinfected spaces, surfaces, and / or structures, and help combat the spread of diseases that can be transmitted through physical contact with contaminated areas. As the world moves towards and adopts alternative light-based technologies, disinfection performance needs to be reliable, consistent, and sustainable within the working environment. At least some of these challenges are addressed by the exemplary embodiments disclosed herein.

[0069] The embodiments discussed above may suffer from performance errors, including variable energy, variable bactericidal performance, variable shadowing, variable distance, and combinations of these that may not ultimately produce acceptable results. The parameters enumerated in the prior art may suffer from a major deficiency regarding the decrease in light intensity over a given distance, controlled by the inverse square law. This deficiency significantly impacts the effectiveness and performance of disinfection using ultraviolet light and may prevent sufficient exposure of the entire target volume to be disinfected. This may allow microorganisms that may be present in shaded crevices or areas furthest from the ultraviolet source to escape disinfection. To compensate for this significant performance limitation, some of the prior art, systems, and methods may include increasing operating time, wavelength combinations, increasing power and light intensity output, or multiple exposures, which may adversely affect adequate disinfection performance to all surfaces of interest, particularly the target volume. Combinations of variable energy levels that dissipate with distance significantly impact the bactericidal performance of the prior solutions. The confidence placed in systems using such methods is subject to significant variability in this performance.

[0070] The combination of shading, intensity, distance, time, energy, and the variable volume of the list of variable defects represents some limitations missing from previous solutions, leaving significant room for improvement in disinfection devices. Volume is the primary variable in the performance equation using ultraviolet germicidal light, taking the inverse square law into account. Hospitals, clinics, laboratories, classrooms, restrooms, treatment rooms, procedure rooms, operating rooms, scanning rooms, and emergency rooms are all examples of target volume. All of these rooms are essentially target volume, essentially cubic, and have variable volume.

[0071] The inventors recognize that all these variables need to be overcome in order to fundamentally shift toward the adoption of alternative non-chemical technologies for the purpose of disinfecting target volumes. To address these issues, this disclosure presents solutions including ultraviolet disinfection devices, systems, and methods, specifically intended to generate precise energy and a three-dimensional matrix of dispersed ultraviolet energy for disinfecting a target volume via an ultraviolet source positioned on one or more extendable and retractable arms. One or more extendable and retractable arms enable portability while readily providing a customizable disinfection exposure matrix, including large open areas (e.g., large rooms) or smaller constrained areas (e.g., corners, areas with interference, etc.). The arms can also conveniently allow a single setup to disinfect an entire room (e.g., an emergency room, an ICU, etc.) within a fast single light exposure cycle, thus reducing operating time. Dispersed ultraviolet energy matrices also provide a more effective method for efficiently disinfecting all surfaces and fixed equipment in a room or target volume by directing ultraviolet energy from multiple angles and directions to minimize or reduce shadowing effects, thereby maximizing energy distribution and reducing or eliminating gaps where microbial combinations could otherwise withstand the disinfection process. These devices and methods can further be easily integrated, for example, within medical logistics, enabling effective and efficient disinfection.

[0072] Embodiments of this subject matter provide devices, systems, and methods for disinfecting rooms, equipment, and other similar surfaces and items. Specific embodiments of the disclosed devices, delivery systems, and methods will be described herein with reference to the drawings. Nothing in any embodiment for carrying out the invention is intended to imply that any particular component, feature, or step is essential to the invention.

[0073] This overview is intended to provide an overview of the subject matter of this patent application. It is not intended to provide an exclusive or comprehensive description of the invention. Modes for carrying out the invention are included to provide further information about this patent application.

[0074] Figure 1 illustrates a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a disinfection device in a crushed or compact configuration. In this embodiment, the device comprises a base structure 1007 in the form of a cylindrical central column. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, the base structure may have multiple shapes (e.g., cylindrical, square, rectangular, hexagonal, triangular, spherical, or irregular) in combination with multiple varying circumferences throughout the base structure. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, the base of the base structure is configured to rest on the floor and provide a stable frame for the device. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, multiple casters may be positioned on the base of the base structure. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, one or more ultraviolet radiation sources may be positioned on the base structure.

[0075] Figure 1 further depicts how the ends of the four arms 1001, 1002, 1003, and 1004 are operably coupled to the base structure 1007. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, the device may have one or more arms. Non-limiting embodiments include one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, or twelve arms. In addition, the four arms 1001, 1002, 1003, and 1004 in Figure 1 are circumferentially arranged within the ramp section 1005 around the upper portion of the base structure 1007. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, one or more arms may be operably coupled to the base structure at various positions. Non-limiting embodiments include one end of one or more arms attached to the center, top, or bottom portion of the base. In Figure 1, the four arms 1001, 1002, 1003, and 1004 are positioned at the same height on the base structure. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, one or more arms may be positioned at the same height on the base structure, at different heights on the base structure, or a combination thereof. Also, the four arms 1001, 1002, 1003, and 1004 in Figure 1 comprise four lamp array compartments 1006. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, an arm may have one or more lamp array compartments. Non-limiting embodiments include one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, or twelve compartments. In this embodiment, each lamp array section 1006 comprises one cylindrical set of upper ultraviolet emitting lamps 1000 extending upward from section 1006 and passing through the top of the base structure 1007, and a second cylindrical set of lower ultraviolet emitting lamps 1008 extending downward from section 1006. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, a section may comprise one or more ultraviolet emitting sources. Non-limiting embodiments include one source, two sources, three sources, four sources, five sources, six sources, seven sources, eight sources, nine sources, ten sources, eleven sources, or twelve sources.Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the compartment may comprise one or more types of ultraviolet radiation sources. Non-limiting embodiments include low- or medium-pressure ultraviolet lamps, or LED ultraviolet sources that produce ultraviolet light of any ultraviolet wavelength between 180 and 400 nm. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the ultraviolet radiation sources may be of multiple shapes. Non-limiting embodiments include cylindrical lamps, bulb lamps, U-tube lamps, twin-axis lamps, or point-source LEDs. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the ultraviolet radiation sources may comprise a variety of sizes and lengths. Non-limiting embodiments include lengths of ultraviolet radiation sources that are as short as an LED or as long as a typical high-power ultraviolet lamp. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, one or more ultraviolet radiation sources may comprise multiple ultraviolet radiation elements. In this exemplary embodiment, the lower set of emitter 1008 does not extend to the bottom of the base to provide clearance with the floor for transport of the device. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, the upper ultraviolet radiation lamps may be at the same height or below the top of the base structure. In this embodiment, ultraviolet radiation lamps 1000 and 1008 are configured to be positioned parallel to the base structure on the lamp array section 1006. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, one or more ultraviolet radiation sources may be positioned at multiple locations on the section. Non-limiting embodiments include above the top of an extendable arm, above the bottom, above any side, or any combination thereof. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the ultraviolet radiation sources may be configured to have a fixed length or to extend and retract radially outward from the arm. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the ultraviolet radiation sources may be positioned at various angles to the section. Non-limiting embodiments include one or more ultraviolet radiation sources positioned perpendicular to the section, across the section, or at any acute or obtuse angle to the section.

[0076] Optionally, in this or other embodiments, one or more arms, one or more compartments, or one or more ultraviolet sources may be configured to rotate or swivel. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the arms, compartments, and ultraviolet sources are modular. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, additional compartments may be added or removed to provide additional configuration options and extend or reduce the reach of the arms. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, additional ultraviolet sources may be added or removed to provide additional configuration and disinfection options depending on the target area or room setting to be disinfected.

[0077] Figure 2 illustrates an overhead view of the disinfection device of Figure 1. The four arms 1001, 1002, 1003, and 1004 on the base structure 1007 are orthogonal to each other and positioned equidistant from one another. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, one or more arms may be positioned at various positions relative to each other. Non-limiting embodiments include one or more arms evenly spaced apart from each other, one or more arms unevenly spaced apart from each other, or a combination of one or more arms evenly spaced and unevenly spaced apart from each other, or one or more arms separated by 180, 120, 90, 72, 60, 45, 40, 36, or 30 degrees on the cylindrical base structure. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, the angular spacing of the arms may be adjustable around the central column to accommodate different dimensions of the target volume of the space. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, one or more arms may be configured to extend radially away from the base structure and to retract linearly relative to the base structure.

[0078] Figure 3 illustrates a side view of an exemplary embodiment of Figure 1. Figure 3 depicts a disinfection device including column support wheels or casters 3006 attached to the bottom of a base structure 1007 to facilitate transport and allow arms 1001, 1002, and 1004 to extend in multiple configurations to conform to the target volume surface and dimensions. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the device may or may not include casters 3006 attached to the bottom of the base structure. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the device may include one or more vertical tracks to allow extendable arms to move parallel up or down relative to the base structure. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the device may include one or more tracks extending horizontally along the circumference of the base structure, attached to one or more arms, and configured to allow one or more arms to move parallel around the base structure. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, one or more arms may further have pivot shafts at their ends that are operably coupled to a base structure, the pivot shafts configured to allow the arms to be adjusted to various angles relative to the base structure. Non-limiting embodiments include arms arranged vertically, horizontally, or at any angle between horizontal and vertical. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the pivot shafts may include a releaseable locking mechanism for locking the rotation angle of the arms. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the minimum pivot angle may be 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, or 90 degrees from vertical, and the maximum angle may allow for rotation up to a full 360 degrees. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, the pivot shafts may include a releaseable locking mechanism for locking the rotation angle of the arms and for completely releasing the arms from the central column to allow for replacement or adaptation to a specific application.

[0079] Figure 4 illustrates a perspective view of the disinfection device of Figure 3 in an extended configuration. Figure 4 illustrates four arms 1001, 1002, 1003, and 1004, the end of each arm being operably coupled to a base structure 1007. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the base structure may comprise one or more ultraviolet emitters. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, the ultraviolet emitters may comprise multiple shapes and sizes. Non-limiting embodiments include cylindrical lamps, U-tube lamps, twin-axis lamps, bulb-type lamps, LEDs, etc. In this embodiment, the base structure is approximately 3 feet. However, in this and other embodiments, the height of the base structure is not limited by any factor except the limiting height of any ceiling or doorway entrance on which it is installed, and can typically be 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12 feet or higher with respect to a very large containment space. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the device may comprise one or more arms. Each arm, for example 1001, extends radially away from the base structure 1007 that rests on the caster 3006. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, each arm may extend outward to contact the walls or corners of a room or the perimeter of a target area. The maximum length of a fully extended arm is not limited solely by the number of compartments, and the number of compartments is not limited, but in practice will remain within a finite number such as 4, 8, 16, 36, or 64. Each arm comprises four lamp array compartments, for example 4001, 4002, 4003, and 4004, each containing two ultraviolet radiation sources 4011 and 4012 and four support frame compartments, for example 4013. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, each arm comprises one or more lamp compartments. Non-limiting embodiments include one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or more ultraviolet lamps. Lamp array sections 4001, 4002, 4003, and 4004 are positioned where the length of the section extends vertically. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the sections may have multiple shapes and sizes. Non-limiting embodiments include cubes, rectangles, hexagons, spheres, etc.The center of each compartment is connected by a folding support frame, e.g., 4005, 4007, 4008, and 4009. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, each arm has an accordion shape with multiple linkages that are pivotally connected together to form a folding compartment along the arm, allowing the arm to accordion-fold into an extended or compressed configuration. The folding mechanism is merely one embodiment of translating the ultraviolet source from a retracted configuration to an extended configuration. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the frame may have multiple shapes and sizes. Non-limiting embodiments include rectangles, triangles, trapezoids, etc. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, the connection point between the compartment and the frame may be configured to rotate at various degrees along a horizontal axis. Non-limiting embodiments of degrees include, among other things, 90 to 360 degrees. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, the connection point between the compartment and the frame may be configured to rotate at various degrees along a vertical axis. Non-limiting embodiments of the degree include, among other things, 90 to 360 degrees. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the support frame consists of compartments made of steel or aluminum, but may also consist of other suitable materials, including, but not limited to, plastics, wood, metals, and other natural or synthetic materials. Each ultraviolet radiation source, e.g., 4011, has a cylindrical shape. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, the ultraviolet radiation sources may be of any shape, including lamp bulb shape, cylindrical, U-tube lamp shape, two-axis shape, bulb-shaped lamp, LED, laser, etc. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the ultraviolet emitters may be positioned at various locations on the frame or compartments or combinations thereof. Non-limiting embodiments include any location on the top, bottom, sides, or in between of the frame or compartments or combinations thereof. One set of ultraviolet radiation sources extends radially upward away from the support frame, while another set of ultraviolet radiation sources extends radially downward away from the support frame. Furthermore, support wheels or casters on four extended arms, for example 4010, are connected to a support structure, which is connected to the upper or lower portion of the support frame.The support casters 4010 are connected to the support frame so as to be further away from the base structure 1007 to prevent the device from tipping over in the extended configuration. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, each arm may have a plurality of support wheels connected to the upper portion of a plurality of compartments. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the support wheels may be connected to the lower portion of a compartment or frame. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the arm may comprise one or more compartments, one or more frames, and one or more ultraviolet emitters.

[0080] Figure 5 shows a side view of the disinfection device of Figure 4, and shows the base structure 1007, extendable arms 1001 and 1003 (viewed from the side), one of the extendable arms 1003 (edge ​​view), and support frame caster 4010 and base structure caster 3006.

[0081] Figure 6 shows an overhead view of the disinfection device of Figure 1 in a fully extended configuration. In this preferred embodiment, the extendable arms 1001, 1002, 1003, and 1004 are arranged perpendicular to each other and connected to the base structure 1007. One or more arms, for example, 1001 each may be configured to adapt to the shape of multiple rooms, including rectangular rooms, square rooms, circular rooms, trapezoidal rooms, and so on.

[0082] Figure 7 illustrates an overhead view of the disinfection device of Figure 1 in a square room in a fully extended configuration. The device is located inside a room with a door through which the disinfection device is transported. In this embodiment, each arm 1001, 1002, 1003, and 1004 extends toward the four corners of the room to achieve maximum coverage. In other embodiments, the arms may extend toward the four walls of the room, the entrance to the room, or other parts along the perimeter of the room or target area.

[0083] Figure 8 illustrates a typical inverse square law and the mode in which light intensity decreases from a typical point light source disinfection device in the prior art. The inverse square law is given by the equation E = P / (4πr). 2 )8001 is expressed by . Irradiation is expressed by "E" in units of W / m^2, power is expressed by "P" in units of W, and the surface area of ​​the sphere is expressed in units of m^2 as "4πr 2This is expressed as r, where r is the radius or distance from the point light source in units of meters. A representation of a prior art point light source disinfection device with multiple light sources arranged in a circle 8002 is also provided. Assume that the distances from the center of the multiple light sources to the smallest ring, the middle ring, and the largest ring are measured at 1 meter, 2 meters, and 3 meters, respectively. Under this embodiment utilizing the point light source disinfection device, assuming a uniform power distribution of 300 W across the entire distance from the point light source device, the amount of irradiation at the smallest ring would be approximately 23.87 W / m² at 1 m, the amount of irradiation at the middle ring would be approximately 5.97 W / m² at 2 m, and the amount of irradiation at the largest ring would be approximately 2.65 W / m² at 3 m. In short, the amount of ultraviolet irradiation decreases significantly with distance from the multiple light sources, which are located at the center or in close proximity to each other. As an example, Graph 8003 further depicts the amount of light irradiation E (watts / meter^2) 8004 from a 300-watt point source, which decreases with distance (m) 8005. The significant decrease in light from disinfection devices utilizing point sources, e.g., cylindrical lamps, or point source models consisting of several lamps in a concentrated area, illustrates one of the major problems with conventional disinfection units configured to utilize point sources. The highest ultraviolet intensity occurs only in close proximity to the surface of the ultraviolet lamp. However, at greater distances, which can exist in any room of normal size, the intensity of ultraviolet light at these distances is often so significantly reduced that it is insufficient to produce a significant level of disinfection without difficultly extended exposure times. Furthermore, most point source area disinfection units currently available use either a single lamp or a cluster of lamps located close together that act as a single light source, and as a result, there are many surfaces in the room that will often not be directly exposed to ultraviolet light but will receive shadows and variable levels or residual bacteria or pathogens.Both the aforementioned problems relating to current point-source area disinfection systems and the referenced prior art are overcome by the dispersed matrix of ultraviolet lamps in current embodiments of adaptive multi-vector matrix devices, which are physically constructed and adapted to form a dispersed grid that generates a multi-vector field of ultraviolet light.

[0084] Figures 9A–9D illustrate exemplary embodiments of how ultraviolet intensity is emitted from exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Instead of following conventional point light source devices using the inverse square law model, multiple light sources, e.g., in this embodiment, 9003, are arranged along the length of multiple arms, e.g., 9004. The high-intensity area is then distributed more uniformly by the extended arms, e.g., 9004. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, the high-intensity area of ​​ultraviolet energy is distributed more uniformly within the room or target volume. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, the net effect of the dispersed light sources provides a more uniform distribution of multi-vector light while simultaneously avoiding shading problems. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, the calculation of the actual intensity within the room at any point depends on the contribution from each of the dispersed light sources and the sum of the multi-vectors. In addition, because the lamps are distributed more precisely throughout the room in this and other embodiments, the intensity level throughout the room will be more uniform than in the point source model compared to the minimum value based on equivalent total lamp wattage, and will not suffer from the dramatic decrease in intensity after 0.5 meters, 1, 2, 3, and 4 meters seen in the conventional central point source model. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, the degree to which the intensity is homogenized across the room or target volume depends on the number, intensity, or positioning of the light sources. Optionally, in some embodiments, using up to a theoretically infinite number of ultraviolet sources, the intensity profile within the room or target volume will be precisely distributed and constant in the average value of the intensity within the room. To overcome the shortcomings associated with the point source model of light, this approach does not rely on having an infinite number of lamps, but in some embodiments, there will be a finite number of lamps that will provide a superior intensity distribution and also provide multi-vector light coming from a sufficient number of directions, where shading problems will be overcome.Figure 9A optionally shows how, in this and other embodiments, the concentric circular contours 9001 of the ultraviolet intensity overlap, thereby producing better coverage and intensity across various distances throughout the volume of the space or room or target area, compared to a point source model where the light source is concentrated at the center of the room. Optionally, in some embodiments, irradiation measurements utilizing this exemplary adaptive matrix may demonstrate 1-20 W / m² at a distance of 1 meter with a power of only about 1-100 W from the center of the embodiment, and may show higher intensity further away from the exemplary embodiment, providing better coverage, higher intensity, and therefore more appropriate and faster disinfection of all surfaces within the volume of the space, compared to a point source model.

[0085] In another exemplary embodiment, the lamp is illustrated in Figure 9B of Embodiment 9010, having four extendable arms. Smaller circles around each lamp, e.g., 9112, e.g., 9111, represent the illumination contour. It can be seen that the overlapping smaller circles form a multi-vector light field outlined by black lines forming an X shape 9113. Larger, thinner circles, e.g., 9114, representing lower illumination levels, also overlap and form a rhombus area, e.g., 9115, between the extendable arms, e.g., 9116, and the multi-vector light field is lower than the area within the black lines forming the X shape 9113. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, these areas of reduced illumination would be the area near the center area of ​​each wall within a square or rectangular room occupied by the device.

[0086] Figure 9C illustrates an exemplary embodiment of what happens when a fifth arm 9020 with lamp 9021 is inserted between any two other extended arms 9022 and 9023 within a reduced irradiation area, the lamp being represented by a small circle and circular area, which are extended in Figure 9D. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, one or more arms may be added to or removed from the device. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, the fifth extended arm may comprise multiple ultraviolet radiation sources, which may include lamps. In this embodiment, when the fifth lamp 9021 on the fifth arm 9020 is positioned within the lowest irradiation area in the multivector light field, the irradiation level is increased and the multivector light field is more evenly distributed. That is, a more uniform level of multivector light, or a flatter irradiation contour, can be achieved by inserting the lamp at any location where the irradiation field demonstrates a potential reduction in energy.

[0087] Figure 9D illustrates a magnified image of the area once the fifth lamp 9020 and the fifth extended arm 9021 have been added to the device. The increased circular area of ​​irradiation 9030 is generated within the spot between the two other extended arms 9022 and 9023 (which may be adjacent to the walls of the room, for example). This method can be repeated for the other three areas of reduced irradiation between the arms to make the overall multivector contour more uniform. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, adding arms with additional sources to the device for areas of lower irradiation can be repeated indefinitely until complete uniformity of the multivector irradiation field is achieved. Optionally, in other embodiments, only a few additional lamps are added until the multivector irradiation field is sufficiently uniform or evenly distributed to achieve a high level of disinfection at all points within the room or containment space or target area. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, additional point sources may be added to the device. The method of incrementally adding arms with additional ultraviolet radiation sources generates a well-distributed field of multivector light, making the irradiation contour more uniform. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, this effective method for disinfecting a target area is performed in a single exposure cycle. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, a single exposure cycle may last for 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, or 200 seconds. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, a single exposure cycle may last for up to 20 minutes.

[0088] In this and other embodiments, the level of ultraviolet intensity is distributed more widely within the available space, creating a more uniform field or dispersed matrix of ultraviolet light where ultraviolet rays from multiple directions can reach all surfaces, thereby providing a much more effective and efficient disinfection of these surfaces in less time than conventional point-source area disinfection units, the latter advantage being critical for medical facilities and operating rooms that operate on tight schedules and have limited time for disinfection processes. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, the dispersed matrix of ultraviolet light may be adaptive through an adaptive arm, or an ultraviolet source on the arm or base structure. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, the dispersed matrix of ultraviolet light may be adaptive by adjusting the amount of irradiation coming from one or more ultraviolet sources on one or more arms. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, the arm may be collapsible and extendable. In this and other embodiments, the design can be engineered to perform the function of efficient, effective, and rapid disinfection of hospital-acquired pathogens, which is of great value to healthcare facilities, as it is a unique function that is always combating pathogens that are always compatible with antibiotics and chemical disinfectants, and unlike the present disclosure, is found to be limited in effectiveness within the time constraints of normal hospital cleaning procedures, and faces the limitations of the aforementioned point light model, which incompletely disinfects rooms or surfaces due to the problem of shadowing and the inverse square law.

[0089] Figure 10 illustrates a side view of a disinfection device deployed in a room, with the floor and ceiling also shown. The base structure 10001 supports an extended arm, e.g., 10002, which supports an ultraviolet lamp, e.g., 10003. The base structure is supported on casters 10004, while the extended arm is supported on casters 10005. In this diagram, the folding mechanism is only partially extended; in full extension, the folding arm would fold flat relative to each other. In this and other embodiments, the extendable arm may be removable through a simple latching mechanism located on the end of the extendable arm operably coupled to the base structure, which would facilitate part replacement and allow simple configurations (e.g., only three arms or only two arms) to be implemented as required by the application.

[0090] Figures 11A–11C illustrate exemplary stages of the deployment of the disinfection device. Figure 11A illustrates the device 11001 in its portable configuration, being moved through a doorway to a desired stationary position within a square-shaped room 11003, the surface of which is to be disinfected. Optionally, in this or any embodiment, the device may be placed in the target area or anywhere within the room. Figure 11B illustrates each of the four arms of the device, e.g., 11002, extending from the base structure 11004 and filling the available volume of space within the room 11003. Optionally, in this or any embodiment, the arms may extend simultaneously toward the four corners or walls of the room. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the arms may extend manually or automatically. In other embodiments, one or more arms may extend at different times and to different lengths. In Figure 11C, each of the four arms, for example 11002, has completed its extension from the base structure 11004, and the device is ready for the disinfection process. Optionally, in this or any embodiment, the device provides eradication of 80%, 90%, 99%, 99.9%, 99.99%, 99.999%, 99.9999%, or more of pathogenic microorganisms. The device may optionally, in any embodiment, be configured to function within a large open area (e.g., a large room or ward) or a smaller constrained area (e.g., a corner, an area with interference, etc.). The device may also be configured to require only one setup for an entire room (e.g., an emergency room, an ICU, etc.) using a single light cycle. The room to be disinfected may be part of a patient room, or further may include hospital beds. The device may also optionally, in any embodiment, be configured to be part of a mobile unit for disinfecting remote, temporary medical work sites away from a hospital. In addition, Figure 11C illustrates that when any change in position is detected from the inlet or outlet point, the lights on the system are deactivated, and a tether mechanism 11005 is retracted from the system and attached to the inlet or outlet point within the volume of the space to prevent accidental exposure of the user as they attempt to enter the volume of the space to receive disinfection.The tether can be made from string material, plastic, or metal wire, and is extendable and retractable from the device; multiple tethers may exist for multiple entry or exit points. In addition, a timer located outside the chamber communicates wirelessly with the base 11004 and the control system within the base, and the device's running time indicates to the user that the ultraviolet cycle is in progress. In addition, a screen located outside the chamber 11003 can display the timer or the duration of the ultraviolet cycle, as well as an image of the ongoing light cycle via a video recording device incorporated into one of the arms of the device.

[0091] Figure 12 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a stackable feature for disinfection. In this embodiment, the disclosure can be stacked via an attachment 12006 on the lower central column 12002 connected to the upper central column 12001, and at the attachment of the support 12005 of the extended arm 12003. The extendable arm 12003 can extend in this stacked array. The stacking allows for upward expansion of the disinfection system, where disinfection of surfaces at a higher level may be desired. The stacking is not limited to a pair of disinfection devices, and more than two devices may be stacked for areas with very high ceilings.

[0092] Figure 13 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a disinfection device configured to hang down from a wall structure 13005. In this embodiment, the central column 13001 may be rectangular in shape and may be coupled with a permanent wall mounting portion (not shown) to facilitate installation and removal. An extendable arm 13002 provides extension of an array of ultraviolet lights 13004 away from and parallel to the wall 13005, and additional support would be provided by a vertical arm support with rolling casters 13003. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the attachment of the central column to the wall 13005 may be permanent.

[0093] Figure 14 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure configured to hang from a ceiling. In this embodiment, the rectangular central column 14001 is permanently or temporarily mounted to the ceiling. In the shown embodiment, the lamp 14002 is mounted from the bottom of the extendable arm, but other embodiments may also include a lamp on the upper side of the extendable arm. In this embodiment, additional supports, such as ceiling hooks, may be employed to provide structural support to the extendable arm. In other embodiments, ceiling hooks may be omitted, and the extendable arm may extend downward at a certain angle, for example, 45 degrees, and may not require additional support.

[0094] Figure 15 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the locking mechanism and arm extension mechanism on the system of Figure 1. The mechanism in this embodiment relies on a screw mechanism 15002 to extend or retract the folding mechanism which extends or retracts the arm 15001. The screw mechanism 15002 is driven by a motor 15004 which will conversely compress a threaded nut 15003. The motor-driven folding mechanism can be locked in place via a controller (not shown), via digital control (not shown), or manually (not shown). Alternative locking mechanisms, including manual locking, may be available. The folding mechanism with locking mechanism shown in Figure 14 is for illustrative and explanatory purposes only, and arm extension and locking can be performed through ordinary mechoelectric means readily known in the art.

[0095] Figures 16A–16D illustrate exemplary embodiments in which a hospital bed or operating table would be removed from a patient room and disinfected separately while the system is being moved into the room to disinfect the surfaces of the room. Figure 16A shows a hospital patient room 16001 with two beds or one bed being moved out of the room while the room is being disinfected by the device. Figure 16B shows an exemplary embodiment of the current disclosure 16002 being moved into the patient room through an open door and positioned for deployment. Figure 16C shows a patient bed 16001 being disinfected separately by a disinfection system 16003 described in U.S. Patent No. 9,675,720, which is positioned around the bed and enclosed using a wall 16004 for a fourth side of the enclosed space. Figure 15D shows a rectangular patient room with an exemplary embodiment of the current disclosure 16002, which is deployed to fit the rectangular dimensions of the room, with the door closed here. In this embodiment, the extendable arm 16005 of the disinfection unit 16002 is set at a non-orthogonal angle to fit the rectangular dimensions of the room and obtain maximum coverage. In some cases or embodiments, a patient bed or operating table may remain within the volume of the space of the medical environment and be disinfected using the present disclosure during a single cycle of disinfection of the volume of the space. In this embodiment, the device would have a suitable central column design to receive the operating table or patient bed and provide sufficient matrix exposure to all reachable sides of the table or bed while simultaneously disinfecting the volume and surfaces within the room, including walls and corners.

[0096] Figure 17 illustrates how proximity sensors 17000 measure distance and position via communication waves 17001 from different arms and construct matrices within various volumes of space. The sensors are designed, programmed, and configured to construct uniform geometric matrices, which are then converted into evenly distributed optical matrices from device 17002. The sensors measure geometric distances between each arm and between walls and corners of the spatial volume 17003, manually or robotically adjusting the current physical geometry and positioning of the device within the room, either radially or angularly, or both, to provide the best-suited matrices for the desired volume of space to be targeted for disinfection. This is a key differentiator between the current disclosure and the prior art.

[0097] Figures 18A–18C illustrate how exemplary embodiments of the disinfection device can be adapted to rooms of various shapes by the rotation and extension of the extendable arms. Figure 18A shows a typical rectangular room in which an exemplary embodiment of the disinfection device 18001 is installed inside for a disinfection cycle, with the two extendable arms at the top 18005 and 18002 and the bottom 18003 and 18004 being obtuse to each other, while the two extendable arms on the left side 18005 and 18004, and the two extendable arms on the right side 18002 and 18003 in Figure 18A are acute to each other. Figure 18B shows an embodiment in which the extendable arms of the device 18001 are rotated significantly to fit a long, narrow room or corridor. Figure 18C shows a figurative embodiment in which the extendable arms are rotated asymmetrically to fit the dimensions of a room with a unique or irregular shape.

[0098] Optionally, in this and other embodiments, the device described in any of the figures above may further include an electronic control system, including a computer processor configured to execute computer-readable instructions and robotic commands for positioning to perform at least one disinfection operation. In further embodiments, the disinfection operation may utilize some or all of the ultraviolet emitters. Optionally, in this or any embodiment, the control system may be physically configured as part of an extendable frame. Furthermore, the control system may include transceivers configured to transmit and receive information over a communication network. The control system may also be configured to transmit information that provides identification of at least one of (a) an item in a target area and (b) one or more locations in the target area. In some embodiments, the information transmission may indicate that an item or target area location has been disinfected by the disinfection device. Any embodiment of the processor may optionally be configured to selectively control the ultraviolet intensity and duration of the ultraviolet source for the disinfection operation. Any embodiment of the processor may further be configured to adjust the power supplied to the ultraviolet source based on the aging of the ultraviolet source in order to provide consistency of ultraviolet intensity from the radiation source. All embodiments of the processor may also be configured to selectively control multiple ultraviolet emitting devices, depending on one of a plurality of shapes in which extendable arms and arrays are formed. All embodiments of the processor may optionally be configured to power on a subset of ultraviolet emitting devices while one or more of the other ultraviolet emitting devices are powered off, or to receive signals from one or more sensors configured to measure ultraviolet exposure within a target area, or to receive signals from at least one sensor configured to identify at least one of (a) items within the target area and / or (b) physical locations within the target area, or any combination thereof.The processor may further employ a decal, indicator, or marker that utilizes Bluetooth® or wireless communication, which will be placed on an item within a target area and / or at a physical location within the target area or volume, or which will be generated based on at least one RFID tag, or which will be placed on an item within a target area and / or at a physical location within the target area or volume. In further embodiments, the processor may include multiple underlying processors.

[0099] Figures 19A–19G illustrate an ultraviolet radiation device 1900 with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figures 19A–19G are discussed in parallel below. The ultraviolet radiation device 1900 may include a light source 1904, a base 1906, and a structure 1902 which may include wheels 1908a–1908d (only wheels 1908a–190c are visible), also referred to as wheels 1908, and arms 1910a–1910d. The structure 1902 may also include first rails 1912a–1912d and second rails 1914a–1914d. Each of the arms 1910a-1910d may include a bracket 1916 having rollers 1918a-1918d (only the upper rollers 1918a-1918b are visible, and the lower rollers 1918c-1918d may be below the upper rollers 1918a-1918b). Each of the brackets 1916 may include a hinge 1920. Each of the arms 1910a-1910d may include links 1922a-1922d and links 1924a-1924d, respectively. Each of the arms 1910a-1910d may further include a second bracket 1926a-1926d and crossing members 1928a-1928d, respectively. The central axis A is also shown in Figures 19A-19G.

[0100] Structure 1902 may be a rigid or semi-rigid structure that is positionable within the target space and movable between a collapsed position and an expanded position within the target volume. Light source 1904 may be an ultraviolet light source, such as a light bulb or other device, configured to emit ultraviolet radiation. Light source 1904 may be connected to structure 1902 to emit ultraviolet radiation in substantially uniform irradiation within the target volume at any position between the collapsed position and the expanded position, as will be discussed in more detail below.

[0101] The base 1906 may be a rigid or semi-rigid member made of a material such as metal, fibrous material, composite material, plastic, a combination thereof, or equivalent, or better than one of these. The base 1906 may be configured to support the structure 1902 and light source 1904 within the target volume. The base 1906 may have a height that is relatively greater than its width and length. In some embodiments, the base 1906 may have a substantially rectangular prism geometry. The wheel 1908 may be a wheel, caster, or equivalent, configured to allow the ultraviolet radiation device 1900 to roll within the target volume.

[0102] Each of the arms 1910a-1910d, the first rails 1912a-1912d, the second rails 1914a-1914d, the bracket 1916, the hinge 1920, the links 1922a-1922d, the links 1924a-1924d, the second brackets 1926a-1926d, and the crossing members 1928a-1928d may be rigid or semi-rigid, each made of a material such as metal, plastic, foam, elastomer, ceramic, composite material, a combination thereof, or one or more of the equivalent.

[0103] Arms 1910a-1910d may be movable arms or supports that can be releasably fixed to the first rails 1912a-1912d and the second rails 1914a-1914d, respectively. Arms 1910a-1910d may be movable along the first rails 1912a-1912d and the second rails 1914a-1914d, respectively, substantially traversing the central axis A. Arms 1910a-1910d may be movable between an extended position (away from the base 1906) and a compressed position (adjacent to the base 1906).

[0104] The first rails 1912a-1912d and the second rails 1914a-1914d may each be long, relatively thin members that can be fixed to the base 1906 and configured to support the arms 1910a-1910d. The first rails 1912a-1912d and the second rails 1914a-1914d may be releasably fixed to the base 1906 and may extend around the base 1906 substantially across the central axis. That is, each component of the first rails (1912a, 1912b, 1912c, and 1912d) may be fixed to one side of the base 1906 so as to extend completely around the base 1906. In other embodiments, the first rails 1912 may include fewer portions and may not extend completely around the base 1906. The second rails 1914a-1914d may be configured similarly, but may be spaced apart from the first rails 1912a-1912d and substantially parallel to them. In some embodiments, the structure 1902 may include only the first rails 1912a-1912d or the second rails 1914a-1914d, or only a portion of each.

[0105] Bracket 1916 may be a coupling member connectable to the first arm 1910a, but each arm 1910a-1910d may include a bracket. Bracket 1916 may be hingely coupled to arm 1910 via hinge 1920, which may allow the first arm 1910a to rotate about hinge 1920, and therefore the first rail 1912a and support 1906. Rollers 1918a-1918d may optionally be wheels or other rolling members including bearings connected to bracket 1916, and may engage with the first rail 1912a so that rollers 1918a-1918d may assist in the transmission of the weight (force) of the first arm 1910a to the first rail 1912a. Rollers 1918a-1918d can also rotate relative to bracket 1916, allowing the bracket to move in a low-friction manner relative to the first rail 1912a, and allowing the first arm 1910a to move in parallel with respect to the first rail 1912a and with respect to support 1906. Bracket 1916 can thereby allow arms 1910a-1910d to be moved in parallel to any position on their respective first rails 1912a-1912d. Although the bracket is discussed as having four rollers, the bracket can contain fewer or more rollers, such as one, two, three, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, or equivalent rollers. Second brackets 1926a-1926d are configured similarly, but each may be connectable to a second rail 1914a-1914d. In some embodiments, bracket 1916 and the second bracket 1926 may be interchangeable.

[0106] Links 1922a-1922d and 1924a-1924d may be parallel sets of linkages connectable to brackets 1916a-1916d and 1926a-1926d, respectively. Links 1922a-1922d and 1924a-1924d may be hinge-connected to each other so as to allow arms 1910a-1910d to move independently between their extended and compressed positions. In some embodiments, links 1922 may be connected to each other in one of a scissor linkage array. Figure 19E shows inner links 1930a-1930n and outer links 1932a-1932n, which are coupled together to allow movement of arm 1910b. The number of links 1930a-1930n and 1932a-1932n can be any number such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, or equivalent, to create an arm with a desired range of motion. Other linear linkage arrangements can be used in other embodiments. In other embodiments, nonlinear linkages can be used. Intersecting members 1928a-1928d can be bars, rods, or other rigid members that connect the first brackets 1916a-1916d to brackets 1926a-1926d, respectively.

[0107] The ultraviolet radiation device 1900 may also include a controller, as well as a user interface 1925 which may be a screen connected to one or more other components within the base or housing 1906, such as sensors and / or actuators or motors. The user interface 1925 may include any or all of the components of the computer system 4400 in Figure 44, in particular the display device 4410, the input device 4412, and the navigation device 4414. During operation, the user can use the user interface 1925 to control the operation of the ultraviolet radiation device 1900.

[0108] Figure 19C shows a top view of the ultraviolet radiation device 1900, showing that each arm 1910 may include light source holders 1929a-1929n, each configured to hold one or more light sources 1904a-1904n therein. Each light source holder 1929 can be connected to and supported by links 1922 and 1924 so that each light source holder 1929, and therefore each light source 1904, moves with links 1922 and 1924. The light source holders 1929 can be positioned on each arm 1910 such that, as the arm 1910d moves between a collapsed position and an expanded position, for example, each light source 1904 of a plurality of light sources for arm 1910d is connected to each arm 1910 so that each light source 1904 is spaced proportionally apart with respect to each of the light sources 1904a-1904n. The first plurality of light sources of arm 1910d can also be proportionally spaced so as to emit ultraviolet light in substantially uniform illumination within the target volume at any position between the collapsed position and the expanded position, for example. That is, each of the light sources 1904a-1904n of arm 1910a can be proportionally spaced from each adjacent light source of arm 1910a. The light sources 1904a-1904n can maintain their proportional spacing at any position between the collapsed position and the expanded position of arm 1910a. Each of the arms 1910 can have such ability to proportionally space the light sources 1904 of its arm. The light sources between arms 1910 do not have to be proportionally spaced, depending on the size and shape of the target volume, when the arms 1910 can extend far (as long as the arms are sufficiently long) as required to position the arms 1910 and achieve uniform illumination within the target volume. In some embodiments, the distance between the light sources 1904 (e.g., 1904a and 1904b) between the arms can be symmetrically spaced, and in some embodiments, the light sources 1904 can be asymmetrically spaced.

[0109] During operation, the first rail 1912 and the second rail 1914 are fixed to the base 1906, and after the arms 1910 are connected to the rails 1912 and 1914, respectively, the arms can be pivoted at brackets 1916 and 1926 so as to extend radially outward from the base 1906, as shown in Figure 19D. Each arm 1910 can be translated along the rails 1912 and 1914 to a desired position. Figure 19D shows each of the arms 1910 on the right side of the rails 1912 and 1914, and Figure 19E shows each of the arms 1910 approximately in the center of the rails 1912 and 1914. Before or after translating the arms 1910 along the rails 1912 and 1914, one or more of the arms 1910 can be positioned between the crushed position and the expanded position. Figures 19A-19E show the arm in the approximate crushed position, and Figures 19F-19G show the arm in the approximate expanded position. Arm 1910 can be positioned at any position between the crushed position and the expanded position.

[0110] Figure 19F also shows how the light sources 1904a-1904n can be spaced evenly (or proportionally) apart from each other in the extended position, as relating to the dimensions of the target volume. As discussed above, the light source bracket 1929 can be connected to links 1922 and 1924 so as to move with it. As shown in Figure 19F, the bracket 1929 can be translated radially outward from the base 1906 as the arm 1910 is translated, while maintaining the light sources 1904 at an even or proportional distance from each light source 1904 of each arm 1910. That is, as shown in Figure 19F, the light sources 1904a-1904n can be spaced evenly apart on the (first) arm 1910a.

[0111] Similarly, the second arm 1910b may be releasably fixed to the first rail 1912 and the second rail 1914, may be movable along the first rail 1912 substantially across the central axis A and substantially perpendicular to the first arm 1910a, and the second arm 1910b may be movable between an extended position and a compressed position. The second arm 1910b may have a second plurality of light sources 1904 connected thereto, such that as the second arm moves between a compressed position and an extended position, the light sources 1904 can be spaced proportionally apart from each other.

[0112] The third arm 1904c and the fourth arm 1910d can be configured similarly. For example, the third arm 1910c may be releasably fixed to the first rail 1912 and the second rail 1914, and may be movable along the first rail 1912 substantially parallel to the first arm 1910a and substantially perpendicular to the second arm 1910b, substantially traversing the central axis A, and the third arm 1910c may be movable between an expanded position and a collapsed position. The third arm 1910c may have a third plurality of light sources 1904 connected to the third arm 1910c such that as the third arm moves between a collapsed position and an expanded position, the light sources 1904 can be spaced proportionally apart from each other. The fourth arm 1910d can be releasably fixed to the first rail 1912 and the second rail 1914, and may be movable along the first rail 1912 substantially across the central axis A, substantially perpendicular to the first arm 1910a and the third arm 1910c, and substantially parallel to the second arm 1910b, and the fourth arm 1910d may be movable between an extended position and a compressed position. The fourth arm 1910d may have a fourth plurality of light sources 1904 connected to the fourth arm 1910d such that as the fourth arm 1910d is moved between a compressed position and an extended position, the light sources 1904 can be spaced proportionally apart from each other.

[0113] Figures 20A–20G illustrate a disinfection device 2000 with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The disinfection device 2000 may be similar in design and operation to the disinfection device 1900 discussed above, except that the base 2006 is substantially cylindrical and the rails 1912 and 1914 may extend cylindrically around the circumference of the base 1906. Such a configuration may allow the arms 2010a–2010d to translate in circular motion and be spaced substantially evenly around the base 2006, as shown in Figures 20A–20D and 20F, or asymmetrically (unevenly), as shown in Figures 20E and 20G. The disinfection device 2000 can thereby provide a uniform distribution of light sources 2004a-2004n as shown in Figure 20D, or an asymmetric distribution as shown in Figure 20E, which can help provide uniform irradiation within the target volume at any position between the collapsed and expanded positions within the target volume having an irregular or abnormal shape.

[0114] Figures 21A-20G illustrate a disinfection device 2100 with expandable and collapseable arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The disinfection device 2100 may include a circular base structure 2106 with compartments 2105a-2105d that can accommodate arms 2110a-2110d. Arms 2110 may include a cover 2111 and a handle 2113. The handle 2113 may be operable to move the arm 2110 between an expanded position and a collapsed position, and the cover 2111 may protect a light source 2104 during storage and transport of the disinfection device 2100.

[0115] Figure 21D shows each support frame 2115 of the arm 2110 in the extended position. Each support frame 2115 may consist of sections 2117a-2117n such that the light sources 2104 are spaced substantially proportionally to each other. The arms 2110 may be spaced evenly around the base 2106 in some embodiments, and unevenly or asymmetrically in other embodiments. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, or equivalent arms 2110 may be present.

[0116] The compartment 2117 of the support frame 2115 may be rectangular in shape, but may be other shapes in other embodiments. Figures 21D and 21E show the light source 2104 structurally held within the respective dimensions of the compartment 2117. The support frame compartments 2117 can be hinged together at a predetermined distance such that the energy field generated by the light source 2104 is distributed substantially evenly and proportionally based on the geometric shape, ultraviolet light intensity, and time when the arm 2110 is extended to accommodate the target volume.

[0117] Figure 21F shows how sections 2117a-2117n operate, allowing arms 2110a-2110d to move between a collapsed position and an extended position using an alternative arm mechanism. That is, sections 2117a-2117n can be hinge-connected at each end so that arm 2110 can expand and collapse substantially linearly. In some embodiments, the base 2106 may include rails 2119 for guiding movement and supporting arm 2110. This functionality allows arm 2110 to conform proportionally to the variable target volume to which it will be applied in the field. Support frame section 2117 can fold and pivot around a hinge, providing inward and outward movement of the arm similar to that shown and discussed in Figure 11B.

[0118] Figures 22A–22G illustrate a disinfection device 2200 with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 22A shows a perspective view of the disinfection device 2200. Figure 22B shows a side view of the disinfection device 2200, and Figure 22C shows a top view of the disinfection device 2200, which may include a base structure 2206 similar to others discussed above. The disinfection device 2200 may include arms 2210a–2210d and frame support sections 2240a–2240d. The base 2206 may include wheels or casters as each of the support sections 2240a–2240d, which can move independently of the base 2206. Figure 22D shows an isometric view of the disinfection device 2200 with arms 2210a-2210d in an extended position away from the base 2206, and Figure 22E shows an elevation or side view. Figure 22F shows a top view of the disinfection device 2200 with arms 2210 extended and rotated away from the base 2206 and in a collapsed or non-extended position. Figure 22G shows a top view of the disinfection device 2200 with arms 2210 in the extended position.

[0119] It is important to note that for small target volumes, such as small treatment rooms or bathrooms, the optical cycle for the device will begin with the arms unextended, as shown in Figures 19C and 22A-22C, while for larger target volumes, the device's arms and support frame sections will be extended and expanded, as shown in Figures 22D-22G. The extension along the support frame compartment will correlate with the dimensions of the target room and / or volume, while at the same time, the ultraviolet light sources will proportionally position themselves via the arm extension mechanism, constructing a precise energy optical matrix for the corresponding target room and / or volume.

[0120] Figures 23A-23B illustrate a rail deployment mechanism 2242 according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 23A shows a rail deployment mechanism 2242 which may include a first part 2246, a second part 2248, and a third part 2250, the first part being telescopic and capable of receiving the second part 2248 and the third part 2250 therein. The first part 2246 may be fixed to a structure or base 2206. The rail deployment mechanism 2242 may include as many parts as required to reach the desired total deployment distance required for an application or model within a target volume. In addition, the telescopic members (parts 2246-2250) may include a lock 2252. As shown in Figure 23B, each lock 2252 may include a nut 2254 and a bolt 2256 that can be screwed together to fasten part 2246 to part 2248 and prevent their relative translation (extension).

[0121] Figures 24A–24F illustrate a disinfection device 2400 with expandable and collapsible arms according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The disinfection device 2400 may include light sources 2404a–2404n, a base 2406, and arms 2410a–2410d. The base 2406 of the disinfection device 2400 is shown as substantially cylindrical, but in other embodiments it may be of other shapes such as a cuboid, a rectangular prism, a triangular prism, or equivalent.

[0122] Figure 24A shows an isometric view of the disinfection device 2400 with arms 2410a-2410d in the collapsed or near-collapsed position, Figure 24B shows an elevation or side view, and Figure 24C shows a top view. Figure 24D shows an isometric view of arm 2410 in the extended position, and 24E shows an elevation or side view. Figures 24A-24C show the disinfection device in the collapsed or near-collapsed position, and Figures 24D-24E show the extended position.

[0123] Figure 24F shows a concentrated view of the arm 2410a, which may include brackets 2429a-2429n, first links 2430a-2430n, and second links 2432a-2432n. Figure 24F also shows light sources 2404a-2404n. The first links 2430 can be hinged to a first side of bracket 2429, and the second links 2432 can be hinged to a second side of bracket 2429, so as to create radially and vertically extending links when moving from a compressed position to an expanded position. For example, the distal end of the first link 2430a can be hinged to the bottom portion of the bracket 2429a, the proximal end of the first link 2430b can be hinged to the upper portion of the bracket 2429a, the distal end of the second link 2432a can be hinged to the bottom portion of the bracket 2429a on the second side of the bracket 2429a, and the proximal end of the second link 2432b can be hinged to the upper portion of the second side of the bracket 2429a. Such a configuration allows the light source 2404 to distribute ultraviolet light proportionally in correlation with the dimensions and volume of the target volume when the arm 2410 is positioned within the target volume. Light sources 2404a-2404n can extend through the bracket 2429. In some embodiments, the bracket 2429 can be configured to hold more than one light source. Bracket 2429 can hold the light source 2404 in different positions, as seen in Figures 24E and 24F, and maintain balance between the light sources 2404 during the expansion process.

[0124] Figures 25A–25J illustrate a mobile ultraviolet device 2502 with program logic according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 25A shows an isometric view of a single mobile ultraviolet device 2502, Figure 25B shows an isometric view of a system 2500 including a plurality of mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a–2502n, and Figure 25C shows a top view of the system 2500 including a plurality of mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a–2502n. Each mobile ultraviolet device may include a base 2503, a light source 2504, and a coupler 2506.

[0125] The base 2503 may include a housing or shell made of a rigid or semi-rigid material such as metal, plastic, foam, elastomer, ceramic, composite material, a combination thereof, or one or more of the equivalent. The base 2503 may be connected to a coupling 2506, which may extend through the upper portion of the base 2503. The base 2503 may also be sized and molded to house a driver (such as a wheel or track) which may be engageable with the surface of the target volume. The base 2503 may further support a motor which may be connected to the driver. The motor may be controllable to operate the driver, move the base 2503 relative to the surface, and move the base within the target volume. A light source 2504 may coincide with those discussed above and may be supported by the base 2503. The base 2503 may further include a controller (e.g., system 4400 in Figure 44), which can communicate with the motor and light source (e.g., through the network interface 4420 in Figure 44). The controller may also be operable to position the base 2503 within the target volume. In some embodiments, multiple mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502 can be configured to operate the light sources 2504a-2504n so that the lights of the multiple mobile ultraviolet devices together emit ultraviolet light in substantially uniform illumination within the target volume. Such a system of mobile ultraviolet devices 2502 does not require arms, support frame compartments, rails, or rigid mechanical frame systems to extend or deploy the ultraviolet sources 2504a-2504n for a desired structure of the light matrix with precise energy. Instead, the mobile ultraviolet devices 2502 can use various parameters to operate communication between devices and the individual movement of devices within the target volume.

[0126] Figure 25D shows an isometric view of system 2500, which includes multiple mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n, and Figure 25E shows a top view of system 2500, which includes multiple mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n, which can be arranged in any pattern as desired within the target volume to achieve a uniform light energy matrix. The mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n are shown in an X-shape or cross configuration in Figures 25D and 25E.

[0127] The mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n may include dual input and output sensors (such as input sensor 4418 in Figure 44) that are not visible in Figure 25, and that can detect distance, coordinates correlated with other mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n, assist in organizing and sizing the mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n when constructing precise energy light energy using pre-programmed code, and / or when deployed in a field of multiple target volumes, when started in a targeted room, for artificial intelligence and machine learning parameters.

[0128] The mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n can be deployed within a target volume 50, as shown in Figures 25F-25J. The target volume 50 may include surfaces 52, 54, and 56, where surface 52 may be the floor and surfaces 54 and 56 may be walls. The target volume may include more or fewer walls, in other embodiments, such as 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or equivalent walls. The target volume 50 may be of various sizes, such as width 1 to 20 meters × length 1 to 20 meters × height 2 to 5 meters. In some embodiments, the target volume 50 may be 1.5 to 8 meters in width and length. In some embodiments, the target volume 50 may be 6 to 8 meters in width and length.

[0129] In some embodiments, during operation, the system 2500 may include a master control device, such as the computer system 4400 in Figure 44, which may be in contact with each of the mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n. In some embodiments, the mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n can communicate with each other and be deployed and organized within the target volume 50. In one embodiment of the deployment process, the mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n can be deployed into the target volume, thereby placing the mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n in one general location within the target volume, as shown in Figure 25F.

[0130] In this embodiment, the target volume 50 may include an indicator map 60 created by one or more of the controllers of the mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n, or by a master controller. The map 60 may include markers 62a-62n, represented by "X" in Figure 25F, which may be coordinates defined by the controller based on data from one or more sensors such as proximity sensors, optical sensors, RFID sensors, NFC sensors, or equivalents. The controller may be configured to communicate with the respective controllers of the multiple mobile ultraviolet devices and create destinations for each mobile ultraviolet device 2502a-2502n, and destination markers 62a-62n for each mobile ultraviolet device 2502a-2502n. Each individual controller of the mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n can be configured to operate a motor and move the base within the target volume 50 based on the map 60 and the destinations 62a-62n for each mobile ultraviolet device 2502a-2502n. In some embodiments, the target volume 50 may include marks 62a-62n, which may be physical decals or markers.

[0131] As shown in Figure 25G, some of the mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n can be moved manually or automatically via programmed motors. While moving, the sensors of the mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n can continue to generate dimensional, coordinate, positioning, and identification parameters based on the collected sensor data. As shown in Figure 25H, the mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n can move into their corresponding markers within the target volume 50. Once in position, the light sources 2504 can be controlled to emit ultraviolet light within the target volume. For example, multiple light sources of the mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n can be positioned within the target volume 50 on markers 62a-62n to kill at least 90% of the organisms within the target volume within a single operating cycle of the multiple light sources. In some embodiments, a single operating cycle of multiple light sources is less than 20 minutes, and substantially uniform irradiation of the entire surface within the target volume can be 50–800 microwatts / cm², where the target volume 50 is a room having dimensions of 1.5–8 meters wide × 1.5–8 meters long × 2–5 meters high. In some embodiments of operation, irradiation on several surfaces can be 400–2000 microwatts / cm² within a uniform matrix. Once the photocycle is complete, the mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a–2502n can be reassembled in a compact, undeployed configuration as shown in 25F.

[0132] In some embodiments, the target volume 50 may include one or more inanimate objects, such as a bed 70, as shown in Figures 25I and 25J. In such embodiments, the mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n can carry out the steps discussed above, and the mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n can incorporate the volume and dimensions of inanimate objects, such as a bed 70, that occupy the target volume 50. The mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n can position themselves within the target volume 50, while adapting to the distance and proportional distance between the base and the ultraviolet source, which will achieve precise energy. This can also be achieved using a disinfection device such as the one shown in Figure 33.

[0133] In some embodiments, messaging and software parameters can be established by a controller that incorporates parameters of interest for constructing a light matrix with precise energy by capturing and calculating them using multiple proximity, dimensional, and coordinate sensors and distributing the light bulbs over a target volume or variable dimensions of a room.

[0134] In some embodiments, the system 2500 may include a remote controller (such as a computer system 4000) that can communicate with the controllers of the mobile ultraviolet devices 2502a-2502n. The remote controller may, if desired, be operated to selectively move individual mobile ultraviolet devices within the target volume 50.

[0135] Figures 26A-26I illustrate a removable and mountable rail containing an ultraviolet source, with a coupling mechanism for a disinfection device, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0136] The disinfection device 2600 may include a frame member 2602a that houses an ultraviolet source 2604 within the frame member 2602a, as shown in Figures 26A-26I. The frame member 2602 may be supported by a base or legs 2608a-2608b, which may include individual casters 2609a-2609b. An arm 2610a, as shown in Figure 26E, may be constructed independently of the base structure in Figures 26A-26D, to which the frame member 2602 may be added as needed. The frame member 2602 may be deployed and extended by joining the frame members together, as seen in Figures 26C and 26D, to create an arm 2610 of a desired length. Arms 2610a-2610d can be joined together by a base 2612 (which may optionally include casters or wheels 2614) in a crushed configuration as shown in Figures 26E and 26F, and in an extended configuration as shown in Figures 26G, 26H, and 26I.

[0137] Figures 27A–27F illustrate a disinfection device with an expandable ring structure according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 27A shows a perspective view of a disinfection device 2700, which may include a base 2706 (also referred to as compartment 2708, including channels 2708a–2708d), Figure 27A shows an elevation view, and Figure 27C shows a top view. The disinfection device 2700 may include arms 2710a–2710d that are collapsible into their individual channels 2708a–2708d and expandable from there. Each of the arms 2710a–2710d may include a curved handle 2712 that is sized and molded to conform to the outer circumference of the base 2706, which may be cylindrical in some embodiments. In some embodiments, arms 2710a-2710d can be mechanically connected such that pulling one handle 2712 radially outward can cause all movement of arms 2710a-2710d radially outward from channels 2708a-2708d of the base 2706 to the extended configuration, which can help save setup and packing time.

[0138] Figure 28 illustrates a disinfection device 2800 with a horizontally extendable track with a telescopic support structure, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the disinfection device 2800 may include a base 2806 having wheels 2809. The disinfection device 2800 may include arms 2810a-2810d, including linkages 2814a-2814n, which may allow a motor or a user to extend and collapse their individual arms 2810a-2810d. Each of the arms 2810a-2810d may include a base 2812 for supporting the arms 2810a-2810d in an extended position.

[0139] Figure 29 illustrates a disinfection device 2900 with a tension rod extension mechanism according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0140] Figure 30 illustrates a disinfection device 3000 with a compression compartment rail mechanism according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The disinfection device 3000 may be similar to the disinfection device 2800, except that the drape or lamp may be supported by a rod, which may be retractable in some embodiments and detachable in other embodiments. Furthermore, the arms of the disinfection device 3000 may include a base having a stand, which may be detachable from the base and from each other.

[0141] Figure 31A illustrates a perspective view of a disinfection device 3100 with a peripheral geometric shape multi-base mechanism according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 31A shows a crushing position device 3100, and Figure 32B shows an expansion position device 3100. The disinfection device 3100 may include bases 3106a and 3106b that may be separable and movable via wheels or casters 3109 within a target volume 50 having a floor 52 and walls 54 and 56. The disinfection device 3100 may include an arm 3110a that may form a perimeter around the volume 50 for the proportional distribution of a light source 3104 (connected to arm 3110) within the target volume.

[0142] Figure 31C shows an elevation view of the arm 3110a, which may include links 3120 and 3122, drapes 3124a-3124n, and a collar 3126. Each of the drapes 3124a-3124n may include a light source 3104. Links 3120 and 3122 can be hinge-connected to fold or collapse relatively, allowing the arm 3110a to move between an extended position and a collapsed position. Figure 31C shows a side view of the arm 3110a, showing how the collar 3126 may hook onto the link 3122, slide or translate on it so as to be positioned on the arm 3110a within the target volume, and radiate substantially uniform illumination within the target volume 50.

[0143] Figure 31D shows an elevation view of arm 3110a, which may include links 3130-3138 (including tracks, respectively) and a coupling 3140, on which a light source 3104 can be supported. Link 3130 can be folded and unfolded and moved between an expanded position and a collapsed position within the target volume 50. Figure 31D shows a side view of arm 3110a, showing how the coupling 3140 can hook onto rails or tracks for links 3130-3138 and slide or move parallel to them. Figure 31E also shows how links 3130-3138 can be folded and stacked on each other.

[0144] Figures 32A–32C illustrate a disinfection device 3200 with a peripheral geometric shape mechanism according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The disinfection device 3200 may include a base 3206 and arms 3210a that can be positioned within a target volume. Figure 32A shows a perspective view of the disinfection device 3200 positioned within the target volume in a crushed position. Figure 32B shows a perspective view of the disinfection device 3200 with arms 3210a–3210d in an extended position within the target volume near the periphery of the target volume (e.g., a wall). In some embodiments, the base 3206 may include one or more light sources to help radiate substantially uniform irradiation within the target volume.

[0145] Figure 32C shows a concentrated view of the arms of the disinfection device 3200, illustrating a bulb distribution mechanism that can be moved between a collapsed position and an expanded position by links such as a scissor linkage array similar to those discussed above. Figures 33A–33G illustrate the disinfection device 3300 with an expandable base structure 3306 with an deployable arm 3310, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The arm 3310 may be telescopic, similar to those discussed above, and the structure 3306 may include multiple links or linkages configured to move the arm 3310 between a collapsed position and an expanded position, and to emit substantially uniform irradiation within a target volume from multiple light sources 3304 (shown in Figure 33D). As shown in Figure 33F, the canopy delivery system of the structure 3306 may include a central base structure that can be extended upward to accommodate a bed or table in the center of the target volume of the room.

[0146] Figure 34 illustrates a point source energy volume reference in a room according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Graph 3400 can represent a room 3402 or target volume 3402 in which a point source (a concentrated ultraviolet source or a single ultraviolet source) is positioned approximately at the center of the target volume 3402. The irradiation 3404 of the point source is represented by a phase mesh in which the irradiation increases along the vertical axis of graph 3400. As shown by graph 3400, the irradiation rises sharply near the center 3408 and decreases to almost zero near the periphery 3406, which has been previously explained by the inverse square law.

[0147] Figure 35 illustrates a graphical representation 3500 of a uniform energy matrix 3504 within a room 3502, achieved by the various disinfection devices discussed above, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 35 illustrates an abstract embodiment of a light intensity distribution for a disinfection device configured to emit a uniform light matrix using a predetermined energy or ultraviolet intensity within a target volume 3502, where the volume 3502 may be a patient's room. Such a device can overcome the inverse square law and substantially completely fill the volume 3502 of space, as depicted in the full abstract perspective view as a cube in Figure 35.

[0148] Figures 36A-36B illustrate the illumination of a central source within a target volume according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 36A shows a perspective view of the illumination of a point source, represented by a phase mesh where the illumination increases along the vertical axis of the graph. Figure 36B shows a top view of the graph. Similarly, Figures 37A-37B illustrate the illumination of two sources within a target volume according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, with Figure 37A showing a perspective view of the illumination of two point sources, represented by a phase mesh where the illumination increases along the vertical axis of the graph, and Figure 37B showing a top view. Figures 38A-38B illustrate the illumination of three sources within a target volume according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, with Figure 38A showing a perspective view of the illumination of three point sources, represented by a phase mesh where the illumination increases along the vertical axis of the graph, and Figure 38B showing a top view.

[0149] Figures 36A–38B represent some of the prior art point light source devices, which are single-source (or aggregate of ultraviolet sources) devices, where the irradiation decreases with distance, as discussed above with respect to Figure 34. Conversely, the irradiation of the devices of the present disclosure discussed above is represented in Figures 39A and 39B as a three-dimensional optical matrix of a phase mesh, where the irradiation increases along the vertical axis.

[0150] As shown in Figures 39A and 39B, substantially uniform light energy can be generated throughout the entire volume. Figure 39A shows a side view of the irradiation generated by the device as observed, where the device is one of the different embodiments previously discussed in Figures 19A-39G, and Figure 39B shows a top view. The irradiation (z-axis) is normalized to 100% of the maximum irradiation. In Figures 39A and 39B, the x-axis shows 100 increments representing increments along the walls, and the y-axis shows 100 increments along adjacent walls.

[0151] The same wattage was used to produce each of the illuminations shown in the graphs of Figures 36-39 with different configurations. For the single-point light source in Figures 36A-36B, a total of 282 watts is represented by one source in the center of the room. For the double-point light source in Figures 37A-37B, two locations of 141 watts each are represented by two sources located in the center of the room. For the triple-point light source in Figures 38A-38B, three locations of 94 watts each are represented by three sources located in the center of the room. For Figures 39A-39B, which represent embodiments of the device described in this disclosure, 20 lamps are extended across the room to form an "x" shape, and the device includes five bulbs per arm with a wattage of 14.1 watts each per bulb or light source. Substantially uniform illumination is achieved in the room, as shown in Figures 39A-39B, compared to the various point light source embodiments shown in Figures 36A-38B.

[0152] Figures 40A–40D illustrate experimental setups and disinfection data from experiments conducted on the systems discussed herein, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. More specifically, Figures 40A–40D illustrate a microbiological test of bacterial survival undergoing an eight-point multi-faceted assessment of a uniform ultraviolet energy matrix in a 4.57 m × 4.57 m room, and the results therefrom.

[0153] Figure 40A shows a top view of the test setup, and Figure 40B shows a perspective view of the test setup. Indicators P1-P4 represent wall test sample locations, indicators P5-P8 represent floor test sample locations, and arrows represent ultraviolet light emitted from multiple light sources. In the experiments in Figures 40A and 40B, a contaminated area with quantitative bacterial culture dishes is placed inside each of the boxes marked P1-P8. Each section represents three culture dishes (one per bacterium) per time point exposed to ultraviolet energy at time points 0, 15, 30, 60, 90, and 180 seconds. Time point 0 is used as a control. The number of colonies growing on each dish was counted and plotted as a function of time. The following isolates of pathogens, namely 1) multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 2) carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 3) Candida auris (C. auris), were studied.

[0154] Inoculum was prepared as follows: Inoculum for quantitative culture testing was prepared by growing isolated strains for 24 hours at 37°C on 5% sheep blood dishes for bacteria and on potato dextrose dishes for fungi. For bacteria, 4-5 colonies were taken from fresh culture (sheep blood agar) using a loop and suspended in 3 ml of physiological saline. The turbidity of the suspension was then checked using a spectrophotometer at 600 nm and further diluted accordingly to obtain a raw suspension of 0.5 arbitrary units. For Pseudomonas aeruginosa, according to previous calculations, 0.5 arbitrary units @ 600 nanometers is equal to 1 × 10⁹ colony-forming units / ml (CFU / ml). The suspension was then sequentially diluted (5 × 1:10) to achieve 1 × 10⁴ inoculum. For Klebsiella pneumoniae, 0.5 arbitrary units @ 600 nm was calculated to be 1 × 10⁸ CFU / ml. To obtain a 1 × 10⁴ inoculum, the suspension was sequentially diluted (4 × 1:10). Candida auris inoculum was prepared according to standard methods. Approximately 4-5 colonies of C. auris were collected from fresh cultures using a loop and suspended in 3 ml of physiological saline. The suspension was checked for turbidity at 530 nm using a spectrophotometer. This was then diluted to obtain the required absorbance units of 0.119–0.140 (0.5 McFarland standard). This yielded a yeast stock suspension of 1 × 10⁶–5 × 10⁶ CFU / ml. The stock suspension was then further diluted 1:100 with physiological saline. This resulted in a final inoculum concentration of 1 × 10⁴–5 × 10⁴ CFU / ml. The dishes were then labeled, inoculated with 0.1 ml of inoculum, placed in an ultraviolet energy field, exposed to ultraviolet energy for a given labeling time, and then cultured at 37°C for 24 hours. The number of colonies on each dish was then counted and recorded, and the average was calculated for each time point and location.

[0155] The experiment was performed in three ways for a given species. Values ​​are expressed as mean ± mean standard error (SEM). All treatment groups were compared to the unexposed control group by analysis of variance (ANOVA). A two-tailed p-value of <0.05 is considered statistically significant.

[0156] The experimental results are summarized in Figure 40C for wall samples and in Figure 40d for floor samples. Zeros in Figures 40C and 40D represent the exposure time at which the organisms were completely cleared from the dish. The data shown in Figures 40C-40D represent the average from all samples, one at each symmetrical position. Six control dishes were provided for each bacterium.

[0157] Figures 41A–41B illustrate the results of irradiation data from experiments of the system discussed herein, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. More specifically, Figures 41A–41B show experimental results in which ultraviolet energy was recorded using a photometric sensor at various distances and locations around an exemplary embodiment in a 4.57 m × 4.57 m room. Readings were recorded over time in microwatts / cm² (uW / cm²).

[0158] Figures 41A and 41B show the locations of the photometer readings on the walls and floor, respectively, representing the test setup used to record the following measurements. In these representations, both the location and orientation of the photometer are indicated by the direction of the arrows. Two instruments, namely the ILT2400 instrument which collects data over time every 5 seconds, and the General UV512C instrument which takes a single reading at specific locations, were used to collect data. Both locations shown in Figure 41A are 228.6 centimeters from the center of the room and are located at a height of 64.8 centimeters from the floor (lower sensor, B) and 129.5 centimeters from the floor (upper sensor, A). One sensor is installed on each of walls 1-4 at each height, as indicated by A and B. Both locations shown in Figure 41B are at a height of 0 cm and are located at a distance of 150.8 centimeters from the center of the room (inner sensor, D) and 189.7 centimeters from the center of the room (outer sensor, C). Figures 41A and 41B both show light sources arranged in an X-shape within a room.

[0159] Figure 41C shows Table 1, an overview of photometric readings on the wall. Figure 41D shows Table 2, an overview of photometric readings on the floor. Data sets from both the ILT instrument and the General photometer are shown. Both of these tables show photometer readings every 5 seconds over a 2-minute period at each location using the ILT instrument. These values ​​are averaged at the bottom of the table. Figure 41E shows the irradiation profiles over time for both the wall and the floor, showing the average irradiation over time for the four sides of the wall at location A, and the average irradiation over time for the four sides of the floor at location D. Figure 41E demonstrates a consistent and uniform energy matrix at different locations and positions around the exemplary embodiment over time.

[0160] Figures 42A–42C illustrate light source arrays 4200A, 4200B, and 4200C within a target volume, respectively, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figures 42A–42C depict the equilibrium of ultraviolet sources in relation to a variable-sized room and / or target volume.

[0161] Array 42A shows light sources 4204 in a relatively compact array within target volume 4202A, where each light source 4204 may be linearly spaced at a distance D1, and the distal source of each line is spaced at a distance D2. Figure 42B shows light sources 4204 in array 4200B, where each light source 4204 may be linearly spaced at a distance D3 greater than D1, and the distal source of each line is spaced at a distance D4 greater than D2. The equilibrium of the spacing of the light sources 4204 inside both target volumes 4202A and 4202B can be maintained by any of the disinfection devices of this disclosure discussed in the above figures. Furthermore, Figure 42C shows the light sources 4204 of array 4200C, where each light source 4204 may be linearly spaced at a distance D5 greater than D1 and less than D3, and the distal source of each line is spaced at a distance D6 greater than D2 and less than D4. The equilibrium of the spacing of the light sources 4204 inside both target volumes 4202A-4200C can be maintained by any of the disinfection devices of this disclosure discussed in the above figures.

[0162] Figures 43A–43F illustrate a light source spacing arrangement within a target volume according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 43A shows a target volume 4302 having dimensions of 304.8 cm D3 × 304.8 cm D4. In such embodiments, the disinfection device can be positioned within the target volume or room 4302 in an extended configuration, where the light sources 4304 are proportionally spaced about 35.3 cm wide and 25.3 cm high D1 per arm, and most radially inward-facing light sources from each arm can be spaced 50.6 cm apart from most radially inward-facing light sources from adjacent arms by a distance D2. Such an arrangement is one embodiment of proportional spacing of light sources 4304 that can achieve substantially uniform irradiation throughout the target volume 4302. Figures 43B–43F show further embodiments of the spacing of light sources 4304 within the target volume 4302, where each embodiment in Figures 43B–43F can provide proportional spacing of light sources 4304 so that substantially uniform irradiation through the target volume 4302 can be achieved.

[0163] Figure 44 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary computer system machine in which one or more of the prior art may be implemented or facilitated. The computer system 4400 may be used specifically in connection with facilitating the operation of controllers for the sanitizing and disinfecting devices discussed above. For example, the computer system 4400 may be a controller for the mobile ultraviolet device 2502, and / or a master controller configured to communicate with the mobile ultraviolet device 2502, and / or a remote controller configured to communicate with the ultraviolet device 2502. The computer system 4400 may also be employed in any of the devices configured to emit ultraviolet light discussed above, such as the ultraviolet radiation device 1900, and the computer system 4400 may control one or more devices such as a motor that is operable to move the arm 1910, and may include one or more devices for controlling the power output of the light source 1904. The computer system 4400 may further be contained within any controller discussed above or below. The computer system 4400 can also transmit and receive signals, such as text and / or multimedia messages, to a third-party mobile device computer, providing the status of any of the ultraviolet devices, as well as instructions regarding the points at which the optical cycle operation is initiated and completed or terminated. In addition, the signals can communicate the success of the termination of one or more optical cycles initiated over time.

[0164] In alternative embodiments, a machine may operate as a standalone device or be connected to other machines (e.g., networked). In a networked deployment, a machine may operate as either a server or a client in a server-client network environment, or as a peer-to-peer machine in a peer-to-peer (or distributed) network environment. A machine may be a personal computer (PC), a tablet PC, a smartphone, a web appliance, or any machine capable of executing instructions (sequentially or otherwise) that define the actions to be taken by that machine. Furthermore, although only a single machine is illustrated, the term “machine” shall also be interpreted as including any set of machines that individually or jointly execute a set (or set of) instructions that implement one or more of the methodologies discussed herein.

[0165] An exemplary computer system 4400 includes a processor 4402 (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), or both) communicating with each other via a link 1108 (e.g., an interlink, bus, etc.), main memory 4404, and static memory 4406. The computer system 4400 may further include a video display unit 4410, an alphanumeric input device 4412 (e.g., a keyboard), and a user interface (UI) navigation device 4414 (e.g., a mouse). In embodiments, the video display unit 4410, the input device 4412, and the UI navigation device 4414 are touchscreen displays. The computer system 4400 may also include a storage device 4416 (e.g., a drive unit), a signal generating device 4418 (e.g., a speaker), and a network interface device 4420, which can operably communicate with a communication network 4426 using wired or wireless communication hardware. The computer system 4400 may further include one or more input sensors 4428 configured to acquire input (including non-contact human input) according to input recognition and detection techniques. The input sensors 4428 may include cameras, microphones, barcode readers, RFID readers, near-field communication readers, proximity sensors, light sensors, or other sensors that generate data for input purposes. The computer system 4400 may further include output controllers 4430, such as series (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB)), parallel, or other wired or wireless (e.g., infrared (IR)) connections, for communicating with or controlling one or more peripheral devices (e.g., printers, card readers, etc.).

[0166] The storage device 4416 may include a machine-readable medium 4422 that stores one or more sets of data structures or instructions 4424 (e.g., software) that embody or utilize any one or more of the methodologies or functions described herein. The instructions 4424 may also reside, fully or at least partially, in the main memory 4404, static memory 4406, and / or processor 1102 during their execution by the computer system 4400, and the main memory 4404, static memory 4406, and processor 4402 also constitute the machine-readable medium.

[0167] Although the machine-readable medium 4422 is illustrated in the exemplary embodiment as a single medium, the term “machine-readable medium” may also include a single medium or multiple mediums (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and / or associated caches and servers) that store one or more instructions 4424. The term “machine-readable medium” shall also be construed to include any tangible medium (e.g., a non-transient medium) capable of storing, encoding, or carrying instructions for execution by the computer system 4400, causing the computer system 4400 to execute one or more of the methodologies of this disclosure, or data structures used by or associated with such instructions. The term “machine-readable medium” shall therefore be construed to include, but are not limited to, solid-state memory, and optical and magnetic media. Specific examples of machine-readable media include, as an example, non-volatile memory, magnetic disks such as internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-optical disks, and CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks, including semiconductor memory devices (e.g., electrically erasable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM)) and flash memory devices.

[0168] Instruction 4424 may further be transmitted or received via a communication network 4426 using a transmission medium via a network interface device 4420 that utilizes any one of several well-known transport protocols (e.g., Frame Relay, Internet Protocol (IP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP), Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)). Embodiments of the communication network include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), the Internet, cellular networks, legacy telephone (POTS) networks, and wireless data networks (e.g., Wi-Fi, 3G, and 4G LTE / LTE-A or 5G networks). The term “transmission medium” is to be interpreted as including any intangible medium capable of storing, encoding, or carrying instructions for execution by the computing system 4400, including digital or analog communication signals, or other intangible medium for facilitating communication of such software.

[0169] As an additional embodiment, the computing embodiments described herein may be implemented in hardware, firmware, and software, or a combination thereof. Embodiments may also be implemented as instructions stored on a computer-readable storage device, which can be read and executed by at least one processor to perform the operations described herein. The computer-readable storage device may include any non-transient mechanism for storing information in a form readable by a machine (e.g., a computer). For example, the computer-readable storage device may include read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media, flash memory devices, and other storage devices and media.

[0170] Cassette example The present invention generally relates to medical systems, devices, and methods, and more specifically to the disinfection of areas of medical systems, medical devices, and medical facilities and equipment. Exemplary embodiments of disinfection systems are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 9,675,720, which is incorporated by reference. Medical infection control, the challenging and versatile requirements for disinfection, and high-speed disinfection performance, as well as the need for high-speed maintenance of disinfection equipment as discussed above, are directly addressed by stackable cassette components.

[0171] Some embodiments of the present invention generally relate to stackable ultraviolet cassettes and methods for disinfection or sterilization. More specifically, some embodiments of the present invention relate to devices for disinfecting spaces, surfaces, or structures and methods for disinfecting spaces in which the cassette or chamber is installed, and / or surfaces and structures within that space.

[0172] The embodiments may address one or more of the technical problems and defects discussed above. However, the embodiments may prove useful in addition to, or alternatively to, addressing other problems and defects within certain technical fields. Therefore, the scope of the embodiments should not necessarily be construed as being limited to addressing any of the specific problems or defects discussed herein.

[0173] Some embodiments of the stackable ultraviolet cassettes and methods currently disclosed have certain features, and none of them assume full responsibility for their desirable attributes. Without limiting the scope of these devices and methods as defined by the following claims, some of their more notable features will be briefly discussed here. After considering this discussion, and in particular after carefully reading the section of this specification titled “Modes for Carrying Out the Invention,” those skilled in the art will understand how the features of the various embodiments disclosed herein may offer several advantages over current state-of-the-art technology. According to some embodiments, these advantages may include, but are not limited to, the steps of providing improved stackable ultraviolet cassettes and chambers, and, among other things, a method thereof that can help provide disinfected spaces, surfaces, and / or structures; providing a customizable disinfection exposure area; enabling appropriate exposure, dose, and disinfection process for any space, surface, and / or structure requiring disinfection; combating the spread of disease that may be transmitted through physical contact with an infected area; providing a device and method having highly effective ultraviolet disinfection, for example, providing a device and method that can be easily integrated into medical logistics; and enabling disinfection in a fast, safe, and effective manner. The stackable ultraviolet cassettes and chambers currently disclosed are designed to be easily replaceable components of larger multi-component disinfection systems so that a faulty lamp, ballast, or other integrated component can be easily replaced in the field. Once removed from the unit, the cassette may be easily re-equipped with a new lamp, ballast, or other component and then reused in other devices. Additional and non-limiting unique capabilities of some embodiments of the present invention include being constructible and stackable to maximize the disinfection area, eradicating 90% or more of pathogenic microorganisms, being compartmentalized to facilitate component replacement, and having portable and easily upgradeable components (i.e., to higher power).

[0174] According to the embodiment, a stackable ultraviolet cassette and chamber includes an ultraviolet source configured to emit ultraviolet light, and a compartmentalized device which can be inserted into a larger framework of the compartmentalized device and, when included in a larger system array, can direct ultraviolet light from multiple directions onto various target surfaces, thereby generating a three-dimensional field of multi-vector ultraviolet light in which shadowed areas inside cannot conceal microorganisms.

[0175] The ultraviolet source may include multiple ultraviolet radiation devices, such as non-ozone-producing low-pressure (LP) cylindrical mercury lamps, which generate a spectral peak at a wavelength of 254 nm, as in this embodiment, or in a further potential embodiment, the ultraviolet light source may be an array of LEDs which generate spectral peaks at 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 260-265-270 nm.

[0176] The ultraviolet radiation device may be inserted into or removed from a larger array of the same device (cassette), and the cassette itself, including one or more ultraviolet lamps and ultraviolet reflective backing material (reflectors), may be considered an ultraviolet radiation device.

[0177] The stackable ultraviolet cassettes and the chamber into which the cassettes are inserted may be selectively reconfigured to achieve multiple configurations within the target area.

[0178] The stackable ultraviolet cassettes and chambers may be controlled by a processor, which may be configured to power on a subset of the cassettes while one or more of the other ultraviolet cassettes are powered off.

[0179] The cassette may contain an array of multiple ultraviolet lamps or ultraviolet LEDs. That is, the ultraviolet light source may be a lamp, a cassette consisting of multiple lamps, or multiple cassettes. When a system containing cassettes is extended, the ultraviolet light will be emitted in multiple directions, providing significant ultraviolet exposure to all crevices in the room, thereby minimizing shading effects (or blocking of ultraviolet light) so that no potentially harmful pathogens can withstand the disinfection process.

[0180] The stackable ultraviolet cassettes and chambers may further include an electronically controlled system configured, at least in part, to selectively control the amount of ultraviolet radiation emitted from at least one of the cassettes, based on the configuration or number of the array of cassettes in the framework comprising the chambers.

[0181] According to the embodiment, the method includes the step of providing a plurality of cassettes, which will be open or extending as part of a larger array and framework of cassettes, which will emit ultraviolet light into an enclosed or partially enclosed chamber called an ultraviolet target zone (or simply a target zone) for disinfection purposes. One or more sets of cassettes will be configured to provide ultraviolet exposure to all exposed areas of the zone and to emit ultraviolet light from multiple angles, thereby overcoming the problem of shading, so that pathogens occupying shaded gaps can withstand the standard room disinfection procedure. The arrangement of the cassettes and the array of ultraviolet lamps on the cassettes will create a surface geometry in which light strikes all exposed points in the target zone from multiple directions, generating a multi-vector field of ultraviolet rays. A minimum of four cassettes may be used to create an enclosed four-sided rectangular area in which ultraviolet radiation can be concentrated on a target device in which ultraviolet radiation will be targeted for disinfection. In an alternative embodiment, a minimum of three cassettes may be used to enclose a triangular area in which the target device will be disinfected in which case. For systems with ceiling or upper cassettes, a minimum of five cassettes may be used to enclose one piece of equipment located on the floor. A minimum of six cassettes may be used to create the enclosed cubic space.

[0182] Specific embodiments of the disclosed devices, delivery systems, and methods will be described herein with reference to the drawings. None of the embodiments for carrying out the invention are intended to imply that any particular component, feature, or step is essential to the invention.

[0183] Figure 45 shows an isometric view of an exemplary embodiment of a modular ultraviolet disinfection cassette. Cassette 4501 is rectangular and contains five UV lamps 4502, 4503, 4504, 4505, and 4506, a two-part lamp holder 4507, a set of shell or cover plates 4508, a UV-blocking window 4509, and a polished aluminum sheet that is highly reflective with respect to ultraviolet light, Alanod TM It consists of a reflector plate 4510 made from Alanod. Cassette 4501 in this embodiment is approximately 52 inches (132 centimeters) wide x 71 inches (180 cm) long x 2 inches (5 cm) thick (maximum), and includes a cover plate and Alanod TMOther components, including the reflector sheet, also fit within these dimensions. The ends of lamps 4502, 4503, 4504, 4505, and 4506 are held on the cassette 4501 by a set of lamp holders 4507, which are two-part fasteners that hold the lamps at both ends and are bolted or screwed to the cassette 4501. The lamp holders 4507 are wired at one end and connected to a power supply unit that provides power. The lamp holders 4507 hold the lamps at both ends and thereby hold the lamps parallel to the cassette surface so that the reflective surface reflects ultraviolet light and returns it toward the target zone. The cover plate 4508 is installed over the ballast or wiring and is bolted or screwed to the cassette 4501. The shape of the cover plate 4508 may be any arbitrary shape to protect the ballast and wiring, and in this embodiment, the cover plate is a channel that is inverted with a concave channel that is smooth and flat on the inside and outside. An ultraviolet-blocking window 4509, which allows the user to observe the disinfection process, is rectangular, centered, and located within the upper half of the cassette 4501. The ultraviolet-blocking window may be any transparent material that blocks ultraviolet light, including glass and most types of plastic. The ultraviolet lamps in this embodiment are low-pressure mercury lamps that emit ultraviolet light in a specific spectrum of 254 nm, but may also deploy variations and combinations of wavelengths encompassing all ultraviolet C groups and / or ultraviolet A and B groups, if desired. Five ultraviolet lamps 4502, 4503, 4504, 4505, and 4506 are positioned across the surface of the cassette 4501 in such a manner that they distribute the ultraviolet light emitted across a defined area called a target zone and then concentrate the ultraviolet light emitted onto a particular surface. The illumination field generated by multiple lamps on several cassettes is such that ultraviolet light strikes any target within the target zone from multiple directions, thereby minimizing these shadows and potentially allowing for microbial survival in shaded areas.

[0184] In Figure 1, three ramps 4503, 4504, and 4505 have axes oriented vertically and parallel to each other across the approximate center of the cassette, while the remaining two ramps 4502 and 4506 are oriented horizontally above and below the three vertical ramps 4503, 4504, and 4505, with their axes oriented parallel to each other, preferably perpendicular to the vertical ramps. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the cassette 4501 may take on multiple shapes and sizes, including, among others, rectangular, square, triangular, circular, shapes with uneven side lengths and angles, etc. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the surface of the cassette 4501 may be, among others, reflective Mylar, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, and ePTFE TMIt may consist of any material that is highly reflective in the ultraviolet spectrum and enhances the reflected ultraviolet light from the lamp. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the reflector 4510 on the surface of the cassette may be attached by adhesive, cement, bolting, or any other equivalent means. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the ultraviolet-blocking window 4509 may be of any shape and size. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the ultraviolet-blocking window 4509 may be located anywhere on the cassette 4501 and may further be made of either ultraviolet-blocking glass or plastic. Preferably, embodiments and window placement within or throughout the stackable cassette 4501 will provide the operator with visibility of the target zone. Thus, the window 4509 may be placed about 50 inches (127 cm) from the ground so that an operator of average height can easily view the ultraviolet target zone through the window 4509 from the non-ultraviolet source side of the stackable cassette. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the cassette 4501 may comprise one or more lamps of any shape, size, or type, but using at least two or more lamps allows ultraviolet light to be emitted from more than one location on the cassette surface, thereby enabling better generation of multi-vector light. However, in some embodiments, the cassette is intended to be part of an array of cassettes generating multi-vector light, and depending on the desired application, constructible, and stackable chamber, there may be 0, 1, 2, and up to 50 lamps per cassette, if desired. The number of lamps is variable with commercial applications. In an ideal embodiment for hospital applications, there are 1 to 5 lamps per cassette 4501. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, one or more lamps may be arranged in virtually any configuration, including perpendicular to the cassette surface, but in the current configuration, oriented the lamps parallel to and close to the surface of the cassette reflector 4510 is more efficient overall and allows for the thinnest possible cassette, and therefore the minimum weight.Multiple cassettes can be used to generate a three-dimensional array of cassettes that deliver ultraviolet light toward a target zone from multiple directions. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, some or all of the lamps may be oriented horizontally on the cassette. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, some or all of the lamps may be oriented vertically or protrude away from the cassette surface. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, some or all of the lamps may be oriented across each other. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the lamps may have multiple orientations and may be configured either parallel or perpendicular to the cassette surface. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, one or more lamps may comprise a non-ozone-producing low-pressure (LP) cylindrical mercury lamp that generates a spectral peak at a wavelength of 254 nm, or an MP lamp that generates broad-spectrum ultraviolet light. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, one or more lamps may be replaced by an ultraviolet source comprising an array of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that generate a spectral peak at 265 nm or any other ultraviolet wavelength. These combinations may also be used in any embodiment.

[0185] Figure 46 shows a front view of an exemplary embodiment of a modular ultraviolet disinfection cassette without a cover plate. Cassette 4601 comprises five ultraviolet lamps 4602, 4603, 4604, 4605, and 4606, along with associated lamp holders 4607, associated wiring, and an ultraviolet shielding window 4611, which house lamp ballasts 4608, 4609, and 4610. The ballasts are attached to cassette 4601 by bolts or screws and are configured to connect to the main power lines. The ballasts are positioned and mounted on the surface of the cassette such that the cassette has the thinnest possible profile and that the ballasts can be covered by a cover plate. The ballasts may be placed in various locations on the cassette, but are preferably positioned to minimize the total amount of wiring required and to lower the overall center of gravity of the cassette for chamber stability purposes. Cassette 4601 further comprises a motion sensor 4612, a UV intensity meter 4613, and a terminal block 4614. The motion sensor is configured to turn off the lamp if someone appears on the wrong side of the system while operating. The UV intensity meter provides feedback in terms of the level of UV irradiation and helps determine whether any component of the system (e.g., lamp or ballast) has failed during operation. The terminal block provides connections for wiring mounted on cassette 4601. The cassette includes various bolt holes or threaded holes for mounting lamp holders 4607, ballasts 4608, 4609, and 4610, window 4611, motion sensor 4612, UV intensity meter 4613, and a pair of terminal blocks 4614. The bolt holes or threaded holes are positioned as necessary to accommodate the optimal installation of the various components. In other embodiments, the bolt holes or threaded holes may be replaced with other mounting methods, including snap locks, welds, and adhesives. Optionally, in this or any other embodiment, the motion sensor, UV intensity meter, and terminal block may be located anywhere on the cassette and may be attached by any preferred means, including welds and adhesives.

[0186] Figure 47 shows an exemplary embodiment of the wire mesh 4701. The wire mesh 4701 is configured to rest over one or more lamps and protect the lamps from impact and damage during use. The cage 4701 is made of steel. In this or other embodiments, one or more lamps on the cassette may be protected by ultraviolet-transmitting windows made of plastic or fused silica, which would be either glass plates that enclose each individual lamp or otherwise cover all the lamps. In other embodiments, this protection is by ultraviolet-transmitting plastic sheets or ePTFE TM The protection may be provided by a wire mesh made from an ultraviolet reflective material such as the following. The wire mesh or protective sheet may be positioned close to the lamp surface and may even be in contact with the lamp surface, or it may be separated by a diameter of several lamps, as in the present embodiment. In other embodiments, protection against the effects of lamp breakage may be provided by an available ultraviolet-transmitting Teflon® or plastic coating that is wrapped directly around and sealed to the lamp.

[0187] Figure 48 shows a front view of an exemplary embodiment of frame 4081, to which an exemplary embodiment of a modular ultraviolet disinfection cassette is mounted, and which can form a framework by mounting and stacking multiple cassettes. Frame 4801 provides structural support and, in some embodiments, will be mounted to a central column of the disinfection system by hinges or connecting links, or permanently mounted to a building or hospital wall by the manner of connecting links. Frame 4801 will be a floating framework that can be mounted on casters or to a central column or wall supported by connecting links, which will generate a chamber and house a control unit. Frame 4801 and the framework will consist of an outer rectangular structure made from basic structural components such as box frames, channels, or I-beams, which will be made from steel, aluminum, plastic, or other preferred materials. The frame should include one or more structural beams traversing the central part for stability and one or more triangular or other structural components at the corners, as in the present embodiment, to orthogonally reinforce the overall structure.

[0188] Figure 49 shows an exemplary embodiment of a pair of rectangular cassettes 4901 and a pair of frames 4902, to which they will be mounted as part of a mobile framework or chamber including a central column 4903. The rectangular cassettes 4901 may be any of the rectangular embodiments described herein. The rectangular frames 4902 may be any of the rectangular embodiments described herein. Each cassette 4901 will be mounted to the frames 4902 using any other preferred mounting method, which may include bolts or screws, or magnetic locks or mechanical snaps that allow, facilitate, and secure the cassette to the frame for easy removal. The mounting will be such that the cassette will be secured to the frame regardless of where the system is installed, whether vertical or hanging from the ceiling in embodiments where the cassette is installed overhead as part of a disinfection system. Frame 4902 will be attached to the central column 4903 via hinges so that the cassette 4901 can be oriented at various angles, enabling the formation of different geometric shapes suitable for specific disinfection applications, including closed geometric shapes such as squares, rectangles, hexagons, octagons, and cubes, as well as open geometric shapes such as semicircles, rectangular corridors, flat extended walls, or angled walls (open triangles). The hinged connections may be of any type that facilitates the formation of the intended geometric shapes and may include flexible hinges, axial hinges, or universal joints that can allow the cassette or array of cassettes to be oriented at multiple angles. Disinfection devices such as those shown in the present embodiments include casters to facilitate mobility, which may or may not be present on each cassette and on the central column, insofar as there is a minimum number of casters sufficient to support the weight of the entire disinfection device in its various configurations, and these are shapes into which the system is conformed for specific applications.

[0189] Figure 50 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the cumulative effect of multi-vector light generated from multiple cassettes, showing figurative rays emanating from the cassettes and reflected from the internal surfaces. Four cassettes 5001, 5002, 5003, and 5004 are connected to a central column 5005, and each of the four cassettes generates multi-vector light that will be reflected from the cassette and, to a degree dependent on the reflectivity of the wall 5006. Together, the four cassettes with their integrated ultraviolet lamps generate a field very full of multi-vector light or light emanating from multiple directions, so that shaded zones are minimized, thereby minimizing the zones from which microorganisms can escape the disinfection process. The combined effect of the ultraviolet sources (here, cassettes 5001, 5002, 5003, and 5004, and the ultraviolet lamps they contain) is to generate a volume field of multi-vector light of extremely uniform intensity within the target zone, minimizing the possibility of microorganisms avoiding ultraviolet exposure in shaded gaps. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the cassettes may be arranged in a square, rectangle, triangle, or other two-dimensional geometric shape, or in further embodiments, in a three-dimensional fully enclosed shape such as a cube, rectangular box, chamber, and equivalent. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, the resulting multi-vector field is so light-filled that no shaded zones are created from which microorganisms may escape the disinfection process. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, four or more sets of cassettes are configured to emit ultraviolet radiation from multiple angles, providing ultraviolet radiation exposure to multiple areas of the room. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, a minimum of four cassettes are utilized to create an enclosed four-sided rectangular area from which ultraviolet radiation can be concentrated on a target instrument to be disinfected, such as something exemplary as small as a medical or surgical instrument, and the stackable ultraviolet cassettes and framework can be expanded to encompass something as large as a space shuttle and large space equipment requiring disinfection.Optionally, in this or other embodiments, at least two cassettes may be used to enclose a triangular area within which a target device, target area, or target surface can be disinfected, sterilized, or sanitized. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, five cassettes may be used in combination with a ceiling or upper cassette in a system to enclose a target area on one device or in a space or on a floor or surface. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, six cassettes may be used to generate an enclosed cubic or rectangular space. Optionally, in this or other embodiments, one or more than one cassette of the disinfection device may have different sizes and shapes relative to each other.

[0190] FIG. 51 shows an exemplary embodiment of four rectangular cassettes coupled together within an array framework. In this exemplary embodiment, four rectangular cassettes 5101 are arranged as a flat wall. The control panel is ignored in this figure for simplicity. This figure illustrates a current embodiment of the present invention forming a disinfection device where the four rectangular cassettes can be configured in various shapes such as a square or rectangular enclosure or can be directed against a wall for disinfection purposes.

[0191] FIG. 5— shows an exemplary embodiment of sixteen rectangular cassettes coupled together within a stacked array framework. In this embodiment, a plurality of rectangular cassettes 8001 are arranged and stacked to generate a surface much larger than that of FIG. 7. Optionally, in this and other embodiments, the stacking of a plurality of cassettes can be used for large-scale applications or to generate a large enclosed ultraviolet target zone.

[0192] FIG. 53 shows an exemplary embodiment of eight rectangular cassettes coupled together within an octagonal chamber arrangement to generate an ultraviolet target zone of concentrated multiple vector light. In this embodiment, the configuration of eight rectangular cassettes 5301 is arranged in an octagon to enclose the ultraviolet target zone.

[0193] Figure 54 shows an exemplary embodiment of twelve rectangular cassettes 5501 arranged with four cassettes on each side and four on the upper side to create an enclosed space within which an ultraviolet target zone can be used as a corridor through which equipment can pass for disinfection. In the present and other embodiments, the speed at which the equipment passes through the ultraviolet corridor will determine the amount of ultraviolet light received. Optionally, in the present and other embodiments, the corridor can be extended with any cassettes necessary to achieve an appropriate amount of ultraviolet light at any speed, for example, it can be adapted to an assembly line operating at a specific speed or speeds.

[0194] Figure 55 shows an exemplary embodiment of twelve rectangular cassettes joined together within a semi - circular chamber in which an ultraviolet target zone is created inside. In this embodiment, a plurality of interlocking rectangular cassettes 5501 can be arranged in a semi - circle or a complete circle as needed to provide a large area or to disinfect equipment. Optionally, in the present and other embodiments, such circular arrangements can also be stacked to any suitable height.

[0195] Figure 56 shows an exemplary embodiment of a triangular cassette 5601 containing three ultraviolet lamps 5602. This alternative shape of the cassette, previously described as rectangular, can be combined or stacked to create shapes that are not easily formed from rectangles, including spheres and geodesic domes.

[0196] Figure 57 shows an exemplary embodiment of how six interlocking triangular cassettes 5701 each containing three ultraviolet lamps 5702 can be used to create a hexagon, either flat or with a raised central point, which can be used to create a geodesic dome.

[0197] Figure 58 shows an exemplary embodiment of how multiple interlocking triangular cassettes 5801 can be combined to create a geodesic dome through which an ultraviolet target zone would be located. The dome would be accessible by a door 5802 generated by unfolding three triangular cassettes 5801 through which equipment could be carried inside. More than three triangular doors may be employed to enclose very large equipment, or the dome may be assembled around equipment or a structure that may be further contaminated and require disinfection. By generating icosahedrons and extended icosahedrons, it is possible to enclose virtually any equipment or structure, including entire buildings.

[0198] Figures 59A–D show embodiments of an internal interlocking cassette 5901 and coupling hinges 5902 and 5903 that would be used when connecting and stacking arrays of cassettes. Figure 15A shows a single internal cassette 5901 with coupling hinges 5902 and 5903 on the sides and top of each cassette, so that the ballast and control are all contained within the cassette itself, and the cassettes can be coupled to other cassettes and stacked and arranged to encapsulate any type of three-dimensional space. The male coupling hinge 5902 on the right side of the cassette would couple to the female coupling hinge on the left side of the next cassette, and the male coupling hinge on the top of each cassette would couple to the female coupling hinge on the bottom of the cassette stacked on top of it. Generally, the hinges of the coupling hinges may be hinge links that allow rotation of 180 degrees or more, but other embodiments with double-acting hinges that rotate up to 360 degrees can be envisioned, which would allow the invention to be applied to complex shapes. Various types of hinges can be incorporated into coupling hinges, including strap hinges, Monroe hinges, double-acting spring hinges, elastic or "natural" hinges, multi-axle hinges, watchband-type hinges, double-arm hinges, geared hinges, and universal joint hinges, which can be used to rotate cassettes in multiple directions and create discontinuous enclosures. Coupling hinges may be of a type that allows for easy and simple connection or disconnection of two or more cassettes and may include both power and control connections to link entire arrays of multiple cassettes. Figure 15B shows two internally interconnected cassettes 5901 that are interconnected together in a flat array using male coupling hinges 5902 on the right and top, and female coupling hinges on the left and top. Figure 15C shows two internal interlocking cassettes 5901 that interlock together in a 90-degree array using male coupling hinges 5902 on the right and top, and female coupling hinges 5903 on the left and top. In this embodiment, any cassette can be arranged horizontally or vertically at any angle between 180 degrees and 0 degrees (when folded and closed), although other embodiments may allow angles from 0 to 360 degrees.Figure 15D shows an embodiment of eight interlocking cassettes 5901, stacked to form a wall, with each cassette coupled to a female coupling hinge 5903 on the next cassette to the right by a male coupling hinge 5902 on the right, and to a female coupling hinge 5903 on the cassette above it by a male coupling hinge 5902 on the upper side.

[0199] Figures 60A–C illustrate embodiments of an array of four cassettes 6001 employing coupling hinges 6002 and 6003, and a wall-mounted coupling 6004 for connecting to a wall 6005, with and without casters 6006, and images of the array of four cassettes 6001 folded against a wall for storage. Figure 60A shows how an array of four interlocking cassettes 6001 employing coupling hinges 6002 and 6003 and mounted or positioned on casters 6006 can engage with a wall 6005 using a wall-mounted coupling 6004, which can facilitate both permanent and temporary deployment of a cassette-based disinfection system. The casters 6006 provide mobility, assist in the deployment of the cassettes 6001, and support the weight of the cassettes 6001. The casters may also be replaced by structural supports that may be permanently mounted or replaceable throughout the frame and / or cassette structure. Figure 60B shows how an array of four interlocking cassettes 6001 employing coupling hinges 6002 and 6003 can engage with a wall 6005 using a wall-mounted coupling 6004 that will support the entire weight of the cassettes 6001 as it floats freely a short distance (i.e., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or up to 12 inches) above the floor, while being coplanar with the wall. Figure 60C shows how an array of cassettes 6001, either supported by casters as in Figure 60A or floating freely above the floor as in Figure 60B, can be folded into a compact array for storage when not in use.

[0200] Figure 61 shows a figurative application of a large array of internal interlocking cassettes 6102, stacked and constructed to form a large hangar or large chamber 6101 capable of disinfecting the space shuttle 6103.

[0201] It should be understood that the functional units or capabilities described herein may be referred to or labeled as components or modules in order to more specifically emphasize their implementation independence. Components or modules may be implemented in any combination of hardware circuits, programmable hardware devices, and other discrete components. Components or modules may also be implemented in software for execution by various types of processors. Identified components or modules of executable code may comprise, for example, one or more physical or logical blocks of computer instructions, which may be organized as objects, procedures, or functions. Nevertheless, the executable files of identified components or modules do not need to be physically located together, but may comprise heterogeneous instructions stored in different locations that, when logically joined together, comprise the components or module and achieve the described purpose for the components or modules. In fact, components or modules of executable code may be a single instruction or more instructions and may be evenly distributed across several different code segments, between different programs, and across several memory devices.

[0202] Similarly, operational data may be identified and illustrated herein within a component or module, embodied in any preferred form, and organized within any preferred type of data structure. Operational data may be collected as a single dataset, distributed across different locations including across different storage devices, and may exist at least partially simply as electronic signals on a system or network. A component or module may be active or passive, including an agent capable of operating to perform a desired function.

[0203] Exemplary embodiments may address one or more of the problems and defects discussed above. However, embodiments may prove useful in addition to, or alternatively to, other problems and defects within the art. Accordingly, the scope of embodiments of this disclosure should not be construed as being limited to addressing any of the specific problems or defects discussed herein, but rather is limited only by the scope of the claims.

[0204] While preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described herein, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided only as examples. Numerous modifications, alterations, and substitutions will be conjured upon those skilled in the art without departing from the present invention. It should be understood that various alternatives to the embodiments of the present invention described herein may be employed in practicing the invention. The following claims define the scope of the present invention, and methods and structures within the scope of these claims, as well as their equivalents, are intended to be covered thereby.

[0205] Notes and Examples

[0206] The following non-limiting embodiments elaborate, in particular, on certain aspects of the subject matter to address the problems and provide the benefits discussed herein.

[0207] Example 1 is an ultraviolet radiation device comprising a structure that is positionable within a target volume and movable between a collapsed position and an expanded position within the target volume, and a plurality of light sources connected to the structure to emit ultraviolet light in substantially uniform irradiation within the target volume at any position of the structure between the collapsed position and the expanded position.

[0208] In Example 2, the subject of Example 1 is optionally positioned structurally such that multiple light sources kill at least 90% of the organisms in the target volume within a single operating cycle of the multiple light sources.

[0209] In Example 3, the subject of Example 2 optionally includes that a single operating cycle of multiple light sources is less than 20 minutes. In Example 4, the subject of any one or more of Examples 1-3 optionally includes that multiple light sources are positioned on the structure to kill at least 99.9% of organisms on the surface within the target volume within a single operating cycle of the multiple light sources.

[0210] In Example 5, the subject of any one or more of Examples 2-4 optionally includes the fact that a single operating cycle of multiple light sources is less than 3 minutes.

[0211] In Example 6, the subject of any one or more of Examples 1-5 optionally includes that the irradiation of the entire surface within the target volume is substantially uniform and has a minimum irradiation of 50-800 microwatts / square centimeter.

[0212] In Example 7, the subject of any one or more of Examples 1-6 optionally includes a target volume having dimensions of 1.5-8 meters wide x 1.5-8 meters long x 2-5 meters high.

[0213] In Example 8, the subject of any one or more of Examples 1-7 optionally includes a target volume having dimensions of 6-8 meters wide x 6-8 meters long x 2-5 meters high.

[0214] In Example 9, the subject of any one or more of Examples 1-8 optionally includes a plurality of arms that are able to extend away from each other to distribute each of the multiple light sources within a target volume, such that each light source in each arm is spaced proportionally apart from the multiple light sources in that arm.

[0215] In Example 10, the subject matter of any one or more than one of Examples 1-9 optionally includes that a plurality of light sources can be adjustably positioned so as to emit ultraviolet rays in substantially uniform irradiation within a plurality of target volumes of various dimensions.

[0216] In Example 11, the subject matter of any one or more than one of Examples 6-10 optionally includes that the target volume is a room having dimensions of width 1.5 to 6 meters × length 1.5 to 6 meters × height 1.5 to 6 meters, and a plurality of light sources of each arm are spaced apart from each other along the width every​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​In Example 16, the subject of any one or more of Examples 13-15 optionally includes a base that includes a track extending at least partially around the base, and each of a plurality of arms is connectable to the track, moves along the track, and is configured to adjust the position of each of the arms.

[0222] In Example 17, the subject of any one or more of Examples 13-16 optionally includes a structure comprising a plurality of stands, each stand being connected to and supporting each of the plurality of arms when the plurality of arms are between a crushed position and an extended position.

[0223] In Example 18, the subject of Example 17 optionally includes a base and one or more of the stands, which are configured to allow the ultraviolet radiation device to roll within the target volume.

[0224] Example 19 is an ultraviolet radiation system comprising a structure that is positionable within a target volume and movable between a collapsed position and an expanded position within the target volume, and a plurality of light sources connected to the structure such that each of the light sources is proportionally spaced apart from each other as the structure is moved between the collapsed position and the expanded position to emit ultraviolet light in substantially uniform irradiation within the target volume at any position between the collapsed position and the expanded position.

[0225] In Example 20, the subject of Example 19 is optionally positioned structurally so that multiple light sources kill up to 90% of organisms in a target volume within a single operating cycle of the multiple light sources, and the single operating cycle of the multiple light sources is less than 300 seconds.

[0226] In Example 21, the subject of any one or more of Examples 19-20 optionally includes a controller that is connected to and communicates with multiple light sources to turn the light sources on and off.

[0227] In Example 22, the subject of Example 21 optionally includes a motor connected to the structure and communicating with a controller, the controller configured to operate the motor and move the structure between a crushed position and an expanded position.

[0228] In Example 23, the subject of Example 22 optionally includes one or more proximity sensors connected to the structure and configured to generate proximity signals based on the proximity of an object within a target volume and the dimensions of the object relative to the structure.

[0229] In Example 24, the subject of Example 23 optionally includes the configuration of a controller to receive proximity signals from proximity sensors and to create a map of objects in the room based on the proximity sensors.

[0230] In Example 25, the subject matter of Example 24 is optionally configured such that the controller operates a motor to move the structure between a collapsed position and an expanded position based on a map of the room.

[0231] In Example 26, the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 24-25 optionally includes a controller configured to operate a motor and move the structure between a collapsed position and an expanded position to a predetermined equilibrium of multiple light sources based on a map of the room.

[0232] In Example 27, the subject of any one or more of Examples 24-26 optionally includes being configured such that the controller determines irradiation setpoints based on a map and adjusts the irradiation emitted by multiple light sources based on the irradiation setpoints.

[0233] In Example 28, the subject of any one or more of Examples 19-27 optionally includes a controller configured to adjust the power levels of individual light sources of multiple light sources based on a map and irradiation setpoint.

[0234] In Example 29, the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 24-28 optionally includes the configuration in which the controller is configured to create a light energy matrix based on a precise energy-target volume correlation, and the controller is configured to adjust the irradiation emitted by multiple light sources based on the light energy matrix.

[0235] In Example 30, the subject of any one or more of Examples 21-29 optionally includes a tether sensor that communicates with a controller, the tether sensor being connected to a structure and connectable to a door of a target volume, the tether being configured to generate a tether signal based on the door's position, and the controller being configured to disable a light source using the tether signal indicating that the door is in the open position.

[0236] Embodiment 31 is an ultraviolet radiation system comprising: a central support that is positionable within a target volume and extends along a central axis; a first rail that is releasably fixed to the central support and extends around the periphery of the central support substantially across the central axis; a first arm that is releasably fixed to the first rail and movable along the first rail substantially across the central axis, and movable between a crushed position and an expanded position; and a first plurality of light sources connected to the first arm such that as the first arm moves between a crushed position and an expanded position, each of the light sources among the first plurality of light sources is spaced proportionally apart from each other.

[0237] In Example 32, the subject matter of Example 31 is optionally expanded to include the arrangement of a plurality of first light sources proportionally spaced apart so as to emit ultraviolet light in substantially uniform irradiation within the target volume at any position between the collapsed position and the expanded position.

[0238] In Example 33, the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 31-32 optionally includes the central support having a substantially rectangular prism geometric shape.

[0239] In Example 34, the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 31-33 optionally includes a second rail that can be removably fixed to the central support, substantially transverses the central axis, substantially parallel to the first rail, and extends around the periphery of the central support.

[0240] In Example 35, the subject of Example 34 is optionally releasably fixed to a first rail and a second rail, and is movable along the first rail substantially across a central axis and substantially perpendicular to the first arm, and is movable between a crushed position and an expanded position, and a second plurality of light sources connected to the second arm such that as the second arm moves between the crushed position and the expanded position, each of the light sources of the second plurality of light sources is spaced proportionally apart from each other.

[0241] In Example 36, the subject of Example 35 is optionally releasably fixed to a first rail and a second rail, and is movable along the first rail substantially across a central axis, substantially parallel to the first arm and substantially perpendicular to the second arm, and is movable between a crushed position and an expanded position, and a third plurality of light sources connected to the third arm such that as the third arm moves between a crushed position and an expanded position, each of the light sources of the third plurality of light sources is spaced proportionally apart from each other.

[0242] In Example 37, the subject of Example 36 is optionally releasably fixed to a first rail and a second rail, and is movable along the first rail substantially across the central axis, substantially perpendicular to the first arm and the third arm, and substantially parallel to the second rail, and is movable between a crushed position and an expanded position, and a fourth plurality of light sources connected to the fourth arm such that as the fourth arm moves between a crushed position and an expanded position, each of the light sources of the fourth plurality of light sources is spaced proportionally apart from each other.

[0243] In Example 38, the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 31-37 optionally includes a plurality of linkages that are hinge-connected to each other, enabling the first arm to move between a crushed position and an expanded position.

[0244] In Example 39, the subject of Example 38 optionally includes a bracket to which the first arm can be releasably fixed to the first rail and to which the first arm is connected to a plurality of linkages to connect the first arm to the first rail.

[0245] In Example 40, the subject of Example 39 optionally includes a second bracket to which the first arm can be releasably fixed to a second rail and which is connected to a plurality of linkages to connect the second arm to the second rail.

[0246] In Example 41, the subject of Example 40 optionally includes a crossing member in which the first arm securely connects the first bracket to the second bracket.

[0247] In Example 42, the subject of any one or more of Examples 39-41 optionally includes a roller to which the first arm is connected to a first bracket and is engageable with the first rail to generate a rolling engagement of the first bracket with respect to the first rail and to allow the first arm to move in parallel with respect to the first rail.

[0248] Embodiment 43 is an ultraviolet radiation sanitization system comprising a plurality of mobile ultraviolet devices, each device comprising: a base that can be positioned within a target volume; a driver connected to the base and capable of engaging with the surface of the target volume; a motor supported by the base and connected to the driver, which is capable of operating the driver, moving the base relative to the surface, and moving the base within the target volume; a light source supported by the base; and a controller that communicates with the motor and the light source, which is capable of operating to position the base within the target volume and is configured to operate the light source such that the light from the plurality of mobile ultraviolet devices together emits ultraviolet radiation in substantially uniform irradiation within the target volume.

[0249] In Example 44, the subject of Example 43 is optionally positioned such that each light source is proportionally spaced apart from the other multiple light sources, and the light sources are positioned relative to each other within the target volume to distribute each of the multiple light sources.

[0250] In Example 45, the subject of any one or more of Examples 43-44 may optionally include a central controller that communicates with the respective controllers of a plurality of mobile ultraviolet devices, and is configured to provide each controller with commands to position the mobile ultraviolet devices within a target volume, commands to position each mobile ultraviolet device relative to each mobile ultraviolet device, and commands to control the respective ultraviolet output of the light source.

[0251] In Example 46, the subject of Example 45 optionally includes a proximity sensor, to which multiple mobile ultraviolet devices are each connected to a base and configured to transmit proximity signals to a controller based on the proximity of an object within a target volume and the dimensions of the object.

[0252] In Example 47, the subject of Example 46 is optionally configured such that the controller creates a map of the room and objects within the room based on proximity sensors.

[0253] In Example 48, the subject of Example 47 is optionally configured such that the controller operates a motor and moves the base within a target volume based on a map of the room.

[0254] In Example 49, the subject of any one or more of Examples 47-48 optionally includes a controller configured to communicate with each controller of a plurality of mobile ultraviolet devices, create a destination for each of the plurality of mobile ultraviolet devices, operate a motor, and move the base within a target volume based on a map of the room and the destination for each of the plurality of mobile ultraviolet devices.

[0255] In Example 50, the subject of any one or more of Examples 44-49 optionally includes a remote controller capable of communicating with controllers for multiple mobile ultraviolet devices and, if desired, operating to selectively move individual mobile ultraviolet devices within a target volume.

[0256] In Example 51, the subject of any one or more of Examples 43-50 is optionally configured such that multiple light sources are positioned to kill at least 90% of organisms in a target volume within a single operating cycle of the multiple light sources, the single operating cycle of the multiple light sources being less than 20 minutes, substantially uniform irradiation of the entire surface within the target volume having a minimum irradiation of 50-800 microwatts / square centimeter, and the target volume being a room having dimensions of 1.5-8 meters wide x 1.5-8 meters long x 2-5 meters high.

[0257] Example 52 is a method for sanitizing a target space, comprising the steps of: positioning a structure within a target volume; moving the structure between a collapsed position and an expanded position within the target volume, and moving a plurality of light sources connected to the structure, wherein the plurality of light sources are configured to emit ultraviolet light in substantially uniform irradiation within the target volume at any position between the collapsed position and the expanded position.

[0258] Example 53 includes the step of optionally irradiating at least 90% of organisms in a target volume with ultraviolet light within a single operating cycle of multiple light sources, wherein the single operating cycle of the multiple light sources is less than 300 seconds, and the substantially uniform irradiation of the entire surface in the target volume is at least 50 microwatts / square centimeter.

[0259] In Example 54, the subject of any one or more of Examples 52-53 optionally includes a target volume being a hospital room having dimensions of 2-7 meters wide x 2-7 meters long x 2-5 meters high.

[0260] In Example 55, the subject of any one or more of Examples 52-54 includes the step of distributing each of the multiple light sources within a target volume by extending each of the arms of the multiple arms so that they are separated from one another, such that each light source is proportionally separated from the multiple light sources.

[0261] In Example 56, the subject of Example 55 optionally includes the step of positioning each of the multiple arms within one of the multiple compartments when the arms are in a crushed position.

[0262] Embodiment 55 of the method further includes the step of positioning each of the multiple arms within one of the compartments when the arms are in a crushed position.

[0263] In Example 57, the subject of any one or more of Examples 55-56 includes the step of adjusting the position of each of the multiple arms by optionally moving each of the multiple arms along a track connected to a base and extending around the periphery of the base.

[0264] In Example 58, the subject of any one or more of Examples 55-57 optionally includes the step of supporting each of a plurality of arms using a stand, each stand configured to support each of the plurality of arms between a crushed position and an extended position.

[0265] In Example 59, the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 52-58 optionally includes the step of operating a controller that is connected to and communicates with multiple light sources to turn the light sources on and off.

[0266] In Example 60, the subject of any one or more of Examples 50-59 optionally includes the step of generating a proximity signal based on the proximity of an object within a target volume and the dimensions of the object, using a proximity sensor connected to the structure.

[0267] In Example 61, the subject of Example 60 optionally includes the step of creating a room map based on proximity signals.

[0268] In Example 62, the subject of Example 61 optionally includes the step of operating a motor to move the structure between a collapsed position and an expanded position based on a map of the room.

[0269] In Example 63, the subject of Example 62 optionally includes the steps of determining irradiation setpoints based on a map and adjusting the irradiation emitted by multiple light sources based on the irradiation setpoints.

[0270] In Example 64, the subject of any one or more of Examples 61-63 optionally includes the step of adjusting the power levels of individual light sources of multiple light sources based on a map and irradiation setpoint.

[0271] Example 65 is an ultraviolet radiation system for sanitizing a target volume, comprising a plurality of adjustable positionable light sources having a collapse position and an expanded position, wherein the light sources among the plurality of adjustable positionable light sources are spaced proportionally apart from each other as the light sources are moved between the collapse position and the expanded position so as to emit ultraviolet radiation in substantially uniform irradiation within the target volume at any position between the collapse position and the expanded position.

[0272] In Example 66, the subject of Example 65 is optionally extended to include a plurality of adjustable and positionable light sources providing equilibrium for the light sources in extended positions within a plurality of target volumes of various dimensions.

[0273] In Example 67, the subject of any one or more of Examples 65-66 optionally includes a plurality of adjustable positionable light sources further comprising: a base that can be positioned within a target volume; a driver connected to the base and capable of engaging with the surface of the target volume; a motor supported by the base and connected to the driver, which is capable of operating the driver, moving the base relative to the surface, and moving the base within the target volume; a light source supported by the base; and a controller communicating with the motor and the light source, which is capable of operating to position the base within the target volume.

[0274] In Example 68, the subject of any one or more of Examples 65-67 optionally includes a structure in which a plurality of adjustable and positionable light sources are further positionable within a target volume and operable to move the light sources between a crushed position and an expanded position within the target volume.

[0275] In Example 69, the subject of Example 68 is optionally extended to include a base which includes a track extending at least partially around the base, and each of a plurality of arms which is connectable to the track, moves along the track, and is configured to adjust the position of each of the arms.

[0276] In Example 70, the subject of Example 69 optionally includes a base to which the structure is connected and supported each of the multiple arms, such that each of the multiple arms can extend away from the base.

[0277] Example 71 is an ultraviolet radiation device comprising a structure that is positionable within a target volume and movable between a collapsed position and an expanded position within the target volume, and a plurality of light sources connected to the structure to emit ultraviolet light in substantially uniform irradiation within the target volume at any position between the collapsed position and the expanded position.

[0278] In Example 72, the subject of Example 71 is optionally expanded to include a plurality of arms that are able to extend away from each other to distribute each of the multiple light sources within a target volume, such that each light source is proportionally spaced apart from the plurality of light sources.

[0279] In Example 73, the subject of Example 72 optionally includes a base to which the structure is connected and supported, such that each of the multiple arms can extend away from the base.

[0280] In Example 74, the subject of Example 73 is configured such that the arm can optionally move between a compressed position and an extended position in a telescopic manner.

[0281] In Example 75, the subject of any one or more of Examples 73-74 optionally includes the inclusion of a plurality of links, each of which is hinge-connected.

[0282] In Example 76, the subject of Example 75 is configured such that, optionally, multiple links move like scissors around a hinge, moving the arm between a compressed position and an expanded position.

[0283] In Example 77, the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 75-76 optionally includes the fact that a second arm can be stacked on any of the arms among a plurality of arms.

[0284] In Example 78, the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 75-77 optionally includes the fact that multiple arms are movable between a crushing position and an expanding position to conform to the shape and size of multiple target volumes of different rooms.

[0285] Example 79 is a modular ultraviolet disinfection assembly comprising: a first cassette comprising a first coupling element connected to the periphery of the first cassette and a plurality of first ultraviolet lamps connected to the surface of the first cassette and configured to emit ultraviolet light; a second cassette comprising a second coupling element connected to the periphery of the second cassette, the second coupling element being releasably connectable to the first coupling element so as to surround a target area, form an adjacent periphery thereto, and direct ultraviolet light from the plurality of first and second lamps to the target area; and a plurality of second ultraviolet lamps connected to the surface of the second cassette and configured to emit ultraviolet light.

[0286] In Example 80, the subject matter of Example 79 optionally includes further comprising a plurality of ballasts connected to the surface of the first cassette and electrically connected to a plurality of first ultraviolet lamps to limit the current thereto.

[0287] In Example 81, the subject of any one or more of Examples 79-80 optionally includes that the first coupling element is a male hinge and the second coupling element is a female hinge.

[0288] In Example 82, the subject of any one or more of Examples 79-81 optionally includes enabling the first and second coupling elements to rotate the first cassette 360 ​​degrees relative to the second cassette with respect to the first and second coupling elements when the first coupling element is coupled to the second coupling element.

[0289] In Example 83, the subject of any one or more of Examples 79-82 optionally includes a third cassette comprising a third coupling element connected to the periphery of the third cassette and a third plurality of ultraviolet lamps connected to the surface of the third cassette and configured to emit ultraviolet light, wherein the first cassette further comprises an opposing coupling element connected to the periphery of the first cassette opposite to the first coupling element, and which is releasably coupled to the third coupling element.

[0290] In Example 84, the subject of Example 83 optionally includes a fourth cassette comprising a fourth coupling element connected to the periphery of the fourth cassette and a fourth plurality of ultraviolet lamps connected to the surface of the fourth cassette and configured to emit ultraviolet light, wherein the first cassette further comprises an upper coupling element connected to the upper periphery of the first cassette adjacent to the first coupling element and the opposing coupling element, the upper coupling element being detachably coupled to the fourth coupling element so as to support the fourth cassette above the first cassette and so as to allow relative rotation of the fourth cassette with respect to the first cassette when the upper coupling element is coupled to the fourth coupling element.

[0291] In Example 85, the subject of any one or more of Examples 79-84 optionally includes being configured such that a plurality of ultraviolet lamps in a first cassette, together with a second plurality of ultraviolet lamps in a second cassette, form an enclosure around at least a portion of a target area, and are configured to distribute multi-vector ultraviolet light around the target area adjacent to the first and second cassettes.

[0292] Example 86 is a method for arranging a plurality of ultraviolet lamps in a cassette assembly, comprising the steps of: providing a first cassette including a first coupling element connected to the periphery of a first cassette; connecting the first plurality of ultraviolet lamps to the surface of the first cassette, wherein the first plurality of ultraviolet lamps are configured to emit ultraviolet light; providing a second cassette including a second coupling element connected to the periphery of a second cassette; connecting the second plurality of ultraviolet lamps to the surface of the second cassette, wherein the second plurality of ultraviolet lamps are configured to emit ultraviolet light; and connecting the first coupling element and the second coupling element to rotatably fix the first cassette to the second cassette.

[0293] In Example 87, the subject of Example 86 optionally includes the steps of connecting a plurality of ballasts to the surface of a first cassette and electrically connecting the plurality of ballasts to a first plurality of ultraviolet lamps and limiting the current to them.

[0294] In Example 88, the subject of any one or more of Examples 86-87 optionally includes the step of distributing multiple vector ultraviolet light within a target area adjacent to the first and second cassettes, using first multiple ultraviolet lamps in the first cassette together with second multiple ultraviolet lamps in the second cassette.

[0295] Example 89, in which the subject of any one or more of Examples 86-88 optionally includes the steps of providing a third cassette including a third coupling element connected to the periphery of the third cassette, and connecting a third plurality of ultraviolet lamps to the surface of the third cassette, the third plurality of lamps being configured to emit ultraviolet light.

[0296] In Example 90, the subject of Example 89 optionally includes the step of connecting an opposing coupling element of a first cassette to a third coupling element, wherein the opposing coupling element is connected to the periphery of the first cassette opposite to the first coupling element.

[0297] In Example 91, the subject of any one or more of Examples 86-90 optionally includes the step of rotating the first cassette relative to the second cassette about the first and second coupling elements when the first coupling element is coupled to the second coupling element.

[0298] Example 92 is a modular ultraviolet disinfection assembly comprising: a first cassette comprising a plurality of first ultraviolet lamps connected to the surface of a first cassette and configured to emit ultraviolet light; a second cassette comprising a plurality of second ultraviolet lamps connected to the surface of a second cassette and configured to emit ultraviolet light; and a frame configured to releasably receive and support the first cassette therein, and adjacent to the first cassette and configured to releasably receive and support the second cassette therein.

[0299] In Example 93, the subject of Example 92 optionally includes a protective wire mesh cage configured to at least partially enclose at least one of the first plurality of lamps.

[0300] In Example 94, the subject of any one or more of Examples 92-93 optionally includes a central column that is removable from the floor and connectable to the frame to support the frame, a first cassette, and a second cassette.

[0301] In Example 95, the subject of Example 94 optionally includes a coupling element configured such that the central column connects to a frame and the frame rotates relative to the central column.

[0302] In Example 96, the subject of any one or more of Examples 94-95 optionally includes a central column and multiple casters connected to a frame.

[0303] In Example 97, the subject of any one or more of Examples 94-96 optionally comprises a third cassette comprising a plurality of third ultraviolet lamps connected to the surface of a third cassette and configured to emit ultraviolet light; a fourth cassette comprising a plurality of fourth ultraviolet lamps connected to the surface of a fourth cassette and configured to emit ultraviolet light; and a second frame configured to releasably receive and support the third cassette therein, and adjacent to the third cassette and configured to releasably receive and support the fourth cassette therein, and the second frame being releasably connectable to the frame.

[0304] In Example 98, the subject of Example 97 optionally includes a hinge that connects the frame to the second frame and allows the frame to rotate relative to the second frame column.

[0305] In Example 99, any one or any combination of devices, systems, and / or methods from Examples 1-98 may be configured such that all described elements or options are available for use or selection.

[0306] The following devices, systems, and / or methods may be configured such that, at their discretion, all elements or options can be combined with one or more of the above embodiments. 1) A device with a unique or expandable base structure that can generate a physical geometric shape that is converted into a uniform matrix of light energy emitted by a light source. 2) The expandable base consists of hinges and couplings that allow a cavity to be formed within the base, providing space for accommodating a large object, such as a hospital bed or operating table. 3) The expandable base structure allows for simultaneous disinfection of objects and spaces from all sides using a single cycle. 4) The expandable base can be used for very small rooms or expanded for very large rooms, while maintaining a uniform physical geometric shape. 5) The expandable or unique base includes an arm for housing the light source. 6) These arms can be deployed in numerous ways and by various mechanisms, however, the mechanisms are designed to proportionally self-adjust the precise distance between light sources and to produce a uniform physical geometric shape that depends on the volume or space being disinfected. 7) These arms can be extended or retracted. 8) These arms can move like scissors. 9) These arms can be folded. 10) These arms can rotate. 11) These arms can be layered. 12) These arms can be constructed. 13) These arms can be stacked. 14) An armless device may have a multi-base structure containing at least one light source per base, which can be programmed by a robot via a controller and logic to scan and identify markers and self-assemble into a predetermined uniform physical geometric shape, and to achieve this assembly manually or automatically or robotically through motors and drivers. 15) Devices with a multi-base structure can be scanned using RFID, color schemes, or proximity sensing sensors. 16) Devices with multiple bases, unique bases, or expandable base structures can be adapted to various room dimensions through adjustable arms in a radial or linear manner. 17) Devices with multiple bases, unique bases, or expandable base structures may be electrically operated to move, retract, and / or expand within various chambers based on programmed logic and / or indication markers. 18) A device containing a light source and having a multi-base, unique base, or expandable base structure generates a uniform physical geometric delivery system that constructs a uniform volume of optical matrix energy. 19) The geometric shape of the light matrix is ​​self-adjusting to accommodate small or large rooms such as one-person, two-person, or sometimes three-person hospital rooms, and / or small bathrooms. 20) The geometry of the light matrix is ​​pre-programmed to achieve precise energy levels. These precise energy levels are self-adjusting to achieve various volumes, such as 250 cubic feet, 4000 cubic feet, and up to 6250 cubic feet. 21) The device and delivery system can construct a uniform volume of energy for various different spaces. While such spaces may be cylindrical, cubic, rectangular, or triangular, the delivery system conforms to physical geometric shapes that are converted into an optical energy matrix in correlation with precise energy calibration for precise rooms or volumes. 22) Such calibration may be a pre-programmed or learned logic or intelligence within the room, based on spacing or dimensional sensors or lasers incorporated into the base or arm mechanism of the device. 23) Physical sensors that detect volume and / or physical rooms can be used for calibration. 24) The tether sensor can be used as a dimensional and / or safety trigger when fixed to a room door, and any change in dimensions in response to a bystander entering will trigger the device to shut down for safety purposes. 25) This device may include an electric motor operated via A / C or battery. 26) This device can communicate wirelessly with mobile devices and for remote monitoring and reporting via Wi-Fi or Bluetooth®.

[0307] The embodiments for carrying out the invention described above include references to accompanying drawings that form part of the embodiments for carrying out the invention. The drawings illustrate specific embodiments in which the invention can be put into practice. These embodiments are also referred to herein as “Examples.” Such Examples may include elements in addition to those shown or described. However, the inventors also consider Examples in which only these shown or described elements are provided. The inventors also consider Examples in which any combination or permutation of these shown or described elements (or one or more aspects) is used, either with respect to a particular embodiment (or one or more aspects thereof) or with respect to other embodiments (or one or more aspects thereof) shown or described herein.

[0308] In the event of any inconsistent usage between this book and any other document incorporated in this manner, the usage within this book shall prevail.

[0309] In this text, the terms “a” or “an” are used to include “one” or “more than one,” independently of any other instance or usage of “at least one” or “one or more,” as is common in patent documents. In this text, the term “or” is used to refer to non-exclusive “or,” such that “A or B” includes “A but not B,” “B but not A,” and “A and B,” unless otherwise indicated. In this text, the terms “including” and “in which” are used as plain English equivalents of the individual terms “comprising” and “wherein.” Also, in the following claims, the terms “including” and “comprising” are non-restrictive; that is, any system, device, article, composition, formulation, or process that includes elements in addition to those enumerated after such terms in the claim is still considered to fall within the scope of that claim. Furthermore, in the following claims, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used merely as designations and are not intended to impose numerical requirements on those objects.

[0310] The above description is intended to be illustrative, not restrictive. For example, the embodiments described above (or one or more aspects thereof) may be used in combination with one another. Other embodiments may also be used by those skilled in the art, depending on a closer examination of the above description. Furthermore, in embodiments for carrying out the invention described above, various features may be grouped together to simplify the disclosure. This should not be interpreted as meaning that any unclaimed disclosed features are essential to any claim. Rather, the subject matter of the invention may lie in features that are not all of a particular disclosed embodiment. Accordingly, the following claims are incorporated into embodiments for carrying out the invention as embodiments or examples, and each claim stands alone as a separate embodiment, and such embodiments may be combined with one another in various combinations or permutations. The scope of the invention should be determined by reference to the appended claims, along with the full range of equivalents given to such claims. This specification also provides, for example, the following items: (Item 1) It is an ultraviolet radiation device, A structure, wherein the structure is positionable within a target volume and movable between a compressed position and an expanded position within the target volume. A plurality of light sources, wherein the plurality of light sources are connected to the structure to emit ultraviolet light in substantially uniform irradiation within the target volume at any position of the structure between the collapse position and the expansion position, and An ultraviolet radiation device comprising: (Item 2) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 1, wherein the plurality of light sources are positioned on the structure to kill at least 90% of the organisms in the target volume within a single operating cycle of the plurality of light sources. (Item 3) The ultraviolet radiation device described in item 2, wherein a single operating cycle of the multiple light sources is less than 20 minutes. (Item 4) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 1, wherein the plurality of light sources are positioned on the structure to kill at least 99.9% of organisms on the surface within the target volume within a single operating cycle of the plurality of light sources. (Item 5) The ultraviolet radiation device described in item 2, wherein a single operating cycle of the multiple light sources is less than 3 minutes. (Item 6) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 1, wherein the irradiation of the entire surface within the target volume is substantially uniform and has a minimum irradiation of 50 to 800 microwatts / square centimeter. (Item 7) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 1, wherein the target volume is a room having dimensions of 1.5 to 8 meters in width, 1.5 to 8 meters in length, and 2 to 5 meters in height. (Item 8) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 1, wherein the target volume is a room having dimensions of 6 to 8 meters in width, 6 to 8 meters in length, and 2 to 5 meters in height. (Item 9) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 1, wherein the structure includes a plurality of arms that are able to extend away from each other to distribute each of the plurality of light sources within the target volume such that each light source in each arm is spaced proportionally apart from the plurality of light sources in that arm. (Item 10) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 1, wherein the plurality of light sources can be adjusted to position themselves to emit ultraviolet light in substantially uniform irradiation within a plurality of target volumes of various dimensions. (Item 11) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 6, wherein the target volume is a room having dimensions of 1.5 to 6 meters in width, 1.5 to 6 meters in length, and 1.5 to 6 meters in height, and the plurality of light sources on each arm are spaced apart from one another at intervals of 10 to 127 centimeters along the width and at intervals of 10 to 127 centimeters along the length. (Item 12) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 6, wherein the plurality of light sources on each arm are spaced proportionally apart from each light source on that arm. (Item 13) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 9, wherein the structure includes a base, the base being configured to be connected to and support each of the plurality of arms such that each of the plurality of arms can extend away from the base. (Item 14) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 13, wherein the base and the plurality of arms are configured to eliminate shadows within the target volume when the arms are between the compressed position and the extended position. (Item 15) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 13, wherein the base comprises a plurality of compartments, each of which is configured to receive one of the plurality of arms when the arm is in the crushed position. (Item 16) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 13, wherein the base includes a track that extends at least partially around the base, and each of the plurality of arms is connectable to the track and configured to move along the track and adjust the position of each of the plurality of arms. (Item 17) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 13, comprising a plurality of stands, each stand configured to connect to and support each of the plurality of arms when the plurality of arms are between the compressed position and the extended position. (Item 18) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 17, wherein the base and one or more of the plurality of stands include wheels configured to allow the ultraviolet radiation device to roll within the target volume. (Item 19) It is an ultraviolet radiation system, A structure, wherein the structure is positionable within a target volume and movable between a compressed position and an expanded position within the target volume. A plurality of light sources, wherein the plurality of light sources are connected to the structure such that, as the structure is moved between the collapsed position and the expanded position so as the structure is moved between the collapsed position and the expanded position to emit ultraviolet light in substantially uniform irradiation within the target volume at any position between the collapsed position and the expanded position, each of the light sources is spaced proportionally apart from each other. An ultraviolet radiation system equipped with [the necessary components]. (Item 20) The ultraviolet radiation system according to item 19, wherein the plurality of light sources are positioned on the structure to kill up to 90% of the organisms in the target volume within a single operating cycle of the plurality of light sources, and the single operating cycle of the plurality of light sources is less than 300 seconds. (Item 21) The ultraviolet radiation system according to item 19, further comprising a controller connected to and communicating with the plurality of light sources to turn the light sources on and off. (Item 22) The ultraviolet radiation system according to item 21, further comprising a motor connected to the structure and communicating with the controller, the controller configured to operate the motor and move the structure between the crushed position and the expanded position. (Item 23) The ultraviolet radiation system according to item 22, further comprising one or more proximity sensors connected to the structure and configured to generate a proximity signal based on the proximity of an object within the target volume and the dimensions of the object relative to the structure. (Item 24) The ultraviolet radiation system according to item 23, wherein the controller is configured to receive the proximity signal from the proximity sensor and to create a map of objects in the room based on the proximity sensor. (Item 25) The ultraviolet radiation system according to item 24, wherein the controller is configured to operate the motor and move the structure between the collapsed position and the expanded position based on a map of the room. (Item 26) The ultraviolet radiation system according to item 24, wherein the controller is configured to operate the motor and move the structure between the compressed position and the expanded position until a predetermined equilibrium of the plurality of light sources is reached based on a map of the room. (Item 27) The ultraviolet radiation system according to item 24, wherein the controller is configured to determine irradiation setpoints based on the map and to adjust the irradiation emitted by the plurality of light sources based on the irradiation setpoints. (Item 28) The ultraviolet radiation system according to item 19, wherein the controller is configured to adjust the power level of individual light sources of the plurality of light sources based on the map and the irradiation setpoint. (Item 29) The ultraviolet radiation system according to item 24, wherein the controller is configured to create a light energy matrix based on a precise correlation between energy and the target volume, and the controller is configured to adjust the irradiation emitted by the plurality of light sources based on the light energy matrix. (Item 30) The ultraviolet radiation system according to item 21, further comprising a tether sensor that communicates with the controller, the tether sensor being connected to the structure and connectable to a door of the target volume, the tether being configured to generate a tether signal based on the position of the door, and the controller being configured to disable the light source using the tether signal indicating that the door is in the open position. (Item 31) It is an ultraviolet radiation system, A central support, wherein the central support is positionable within a target volume and extends along a central axis, A first rail, the first rail being releasably fixed to the central support, extending substantially across the central axis and around the periphery of the central support, A first arm, wherein the first arm is releasably fixed to the first rail, is movable along the first rail substantially across the central axis, and is movable between a crushed position and an expanded position. A first plurality of light sources, wherein the first plurality of light sources are connected to the first arm such that, as the first arm moves between the compressed position and the expanded position, each of the light sources among the first plurality of light sources is spaced proportionally apart from each other. An ultraviolet radiation system equipped with [the necessary components]. (Item 32) The ultraviolet radiation system according to item 31, wherein the first plurality of light sources are proportionally spaced apart to emit ultraviolet light in substantially uniform irradiation within the target volume at any position between the collapsed position and the expanded position. (Item 33) The ultraviolet radiation system according to item 31, wherein the central support has a geometric shape of a substantially rectangular prism. (Item 34) The ultraviolet radiation system according to item 31, further comprising a second rail, the second rail being releasably fixed to the central support, substantially traversing the central axis, substantially parallel to the first rail, and extending around the periphery of the central support. (Item 35) A second arm, the second arm being releasably fixed to the first rail and the second rail, moving along the first rail substantially across the central axis and substantially perpendicular to the first arm, and the second arm being movable between a crushed position and an expanded position, A second plurality of light sources, the second plurality of light sources being connected to the second arm such that, as the second arm moves between the compressed position and the expanded position, each of the light sources among the second plurality of light sources is spaced proportionally apart from each other. The ultraviolet radiation system described in item 34 is further equipped with the following: (Item 36) A third arm, the third arm being releasably fixed to the first rail and the second rail, moving along the first rail substantially across the central axis, substantially parallel to the first arm and substantially perpendicular to the second arm, and the third arm being movable between a crushed position and an expanded position, A third plurality of light sources, the third plurality of light sources being connected to the third arm such that as the third arm moves between the compressed position and the expanded position, each of the light sources among the third plurality of light sources is spaced proportionally apart from each other. The ultraviolet radiation system described in item 35 further includes the following: (Item 37) A fourth arm, the fourth arm being releasably fixed to the first rail and the second rail, movable along the first rail substantially across the central axis, substantially perpendicular to the first arm and the third arm, and substantially parallel to the second arm, and the fourth arm being movable between a crushed position and an expanded position, A fourth plurality of light sources, the fourth plurality of light sources being connected to the fourth arm such that, as the fourth arm moves between the compressed position and the expanded position, each of the light sources among the fourth plurality of light sources is spaced proportionally apart from each other. The ultraviolet radiation system described in item 36 further includes the following: (Item 38) The ultraviolet radiation system according to item 31, wherein the first arm includes a plurality of linkages that are hingely connected to each other so as to enable the first arm to move between the compressed position and the extended position. (Item 39) The ultraviolet radiation system according to item 38, wherein the first arm includes a bracket, the bracket is releasably fixed to the first rail, and the first arm is connected to the plurality of linkages to connect the first arm to the first rail. (Item 40) The ultraviolet radiation system according to item 39, wherein the first arm includes a second bracket, the second bracket is releasably fixed to the second rail, and the second arm is connected to the plurality of linkages to connect the second arm to the second rail. (Item 41) The ultraviolet radiation system according to item 40, wherein the first arm includes a crossing member that securely connects the first bracket to the second bracket. (Item 42) The ultraviolet radiation system according to item 39, wherein the first arm includes a roller, the roller is connected to the first bracket and is engageable with the first rail to generate a rolling engagement of the first bracket with respect to the first rail, and to enable parallel movement of the first arm with respect to the first rail. (Item 43) It is an ultraviolet radiation sanitization system, It has multiple mobile ultraviolet light devices, and each device is A base that can be positioned within the target volume, A driver connected to the base and capable of engaging with the surface of the target volume, A motor supported by the base and connected to the driver, the motor being controllable to operate the driver, move the base relative to the surface, and move the base within the target volume, A light source supported by the aforementioned base, A controller that communicates with the motor and the light source, wherein the controller is operable to position the base within the target volume and is configured to operate the light source such that the light from the plurality of mobile ultraviolet light devices together emits ultraviolet light in substantially uniform irradiation within the target volume. A system for sanitizing with ultraviolet radiation. (Item 44) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 43, wherein the light sources are positioned relative to each other in order to distribute each of the multiple light sources within the target volume such that each light source is proportionally spaced apart from the multiple light sources. (Item 45) A central controller that communicates with each of the controllers of the plurality of mobile ultraviolet light devices, wherein the central controller is A command to position the mobile ultraviolet light device within the target volume, A command to position each mobile ultraviolet light device, Each of the aforementioned light sources has a command to control the ultraviolet light output, A central controller configured to provide the following to each of the aforementioned controllers. The ultraviolet radiation sanitization system described in item 43 is further equipped with the following: (Item 46) The ultraviolet radiation sanitization system according to item 45, wherein each of the plurality of mobile ultraviolet light devices further comprises a proximity sensor, the proximity sensor being connected to the base and configured to transmit a proximity signal to the controller based on the proximity of an object in the target volume and the dimensions of the object. (Item 47) The ultraviolet radiation sanitization system according to item 46, wherein the controller is configured to create a map of the room and objects within the room based on the proximity sensor. (Item 48) The ultraviolet radiation sanitization system according to item 47, wherein the controller is configured to operate the motor and move the base within the target volume based on a map of the room. (Item 49) The ultraviolet radiation sanitization system according to item 47, wherein the controller is configured to communicate with the controller of each of the plurality of mobile ultraviolet light devices, to create a destination for each of the plurality of mobile ultraviolet light devices, to operate the motor, and to move the base within the target volume based on the room map and the destination for each of the plurality of mobile ultraviolet light devices. (Item 50) The ultraviolet radiation sanitization system according to item 44, further comprising a remote controller, the remote controller communicating with controllers of the plurality of mobile ultraviolet light devices and, if desired, being operable to selectively move individual mobile ultraviolet light devices within the target volume. (Item 51) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 43, wherein the plurality of light sources are positioned to kill at least 90% of the organisms in the target volume within a single operating cycle of the plurality of light sources, the single operating cycle of the plurality of light sources is less than 20 minutes, substantially uniform irradiation of the entire surface within the target volume has a minimum irradiation of 50-800 microwatts / square centimeter, and the target volume is a room having dimensions of 1.5-8 meters wide x 1.5-8 meters long x 2-5 meters high. (Item 52) A method for sanitizing a target space, wherein the method is Positioning the structure within the target volume, The method involves moving the structure between a collapsed position and an expanded position within the target volume, and moving a plurality of light sources connected to the structure, wherein the plurality of light sources are configured to emit ultraviolet light in substantially uniform irradiation within the target volume at any position between the collapsed position and the expanded position. Methods that include... (Item 53) The ultraviolet light is emitted to at least 90% of the organisms in the target volume within a single operating cycle of the plurality of light sources, wherein the single operating cycle of the plurality of light sources is less than 300 seconds, and the substantially uniform irradiation of the entire surface within the target volume is at least 50 microwatts / square centimeter. The method described in item 52, further including the method described in item 52. (Item 54) The method according to item 52, wherein the target volume is a hospital room having dimensions of 2 to 7 meters in width, 2 to 7 meters in length, and 2 to 5 meters in height. (Item 55) The method of item 52, further comprising extending each of the arms of the plurality of arms so as to be away from one another so that each light source is proportionally spaced apart from the plurality of light sources, thereby distributing each of the plurality of light sources within the target volume. (Item 56) The method of item 55, further comprising positioning each of the multiple arms within a compartment of the multiple compartments when the arm is in the crushed position. (Item 57) The method of item 55, further comprising adjusting the position of each of the multiple arms by moving each of the multiple arms along a track connected to the base and extending around the periphery of the base. (Item 58) The method involves using stands to support each of the plurality of arms, wherein each stand is configured to support each of the plurality of arms between the compressed position and the extended position. The method described in item 55, further including the method described in item 55. (Item 59) The method of item 52, further comprising operating a controller connected to and communicating with the plurality of light sources to turn the light sources on and off. (Item 60) The method according to item 52, further comprising using a proximity sensor connected to the structure to generate a proximity signal based on the proximity of an object within the target volume and the dimensions of the object. (Item 61) The method according to item 60, further comprising creating a map of the rooms based on the proximity signals. (Item 62) The method according to item 61, wherein the motor is operated to move the structure between the crushed position and the expanded position based on a map of the room. (Item 63) Based on the aforementioned map, the irradiation setting point is determined, Based on the irradiation setting point, the irradiation emitted by the plurality of light sources is adjusted. The method described in item 62, further including the method described in item 62. (Item 64) The method according to item 61, further comprising adjusting the power levels of individual light sources of the plurality of light sources based on the map and the irradiation setpoint. (Item 65) An ultraviolet radiation system for sanitizing a target volume, wherein the system is A plurality of adjustable positionable light sources having a collapse position and an expansion position, wherein the light sources among the plurality of adjustable positionable light sources are moved between the collapse position and the expansion position so as the light sources are moved between the collapse position and the expansion position so as to emit ultraviolet light in substantially uniform irradiation within the target volume at any position between the collapse position and the expansion position, A system equipped with these features. (Item 66) The ultraviolet radiation system for sanitizing target volumes according to item 65, wherein the plurality of adjustable and positionable light sources provide equilibrium of the light sources in the extended positions within a plurality of target volumes of various dimensions. (Item 67) The plurality of adjustable, positionable light sources further, A base that can be positioned within the target volume, A driver connected to the base and capable of engaging with the surface of the target volume, A motor supported by the base and connected to the driver, the motor being controllable to operate the driver, move the base relative to the surface, and move the base within the target volume, A light source supported by the aforementioned base, A controller that communicates with the motor and the light source, wherein the controller is operable to position the base within the target volume, and An ultraviolet radiation system for sanitizing the target volume described in item 65, comprising: (Item 68) The plurality of adjustable, positionable light sources further, A structure, wherein the structure is positionable within the target volume and is operable to move the light source between the compressed position and the expanded position within the target volume. An ultraviolet radiation system for sanitizing the target volume described in item 65, comprising: (Item 69) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 68, wherein the base includes a track extending at least partially around the base, and each of the plurality of arms is connectable to the track and configured to move along the track and adjust the position of each of the plurality of arms. (Item 70) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 69, wherein the structure includes a base, the base being configured to be connected to and support each of the plurality of arms such that each of the plurality of arms can extend away from the base. (Item 71) It is an ultraviolet radiation device, A structure, wherein the structure is positionable within a target volume and movable between a compressed position and an expanded position within the target volume. Multiple light sources, wherein the multiple light sources are connected to the structure to emit ultraviolet light in substantially uniform irradiation within the target volume at any position between the collapse position and the expansion position, and An ultraviolet radiation device comprising: (Item 72) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 71, wherein the structure includes a plurality of arms that are able to extend away from each other to distribute each of the plurality of light sources within the target volume such that each light source is spaced proportionally apart from the plurality of light sources. (Item 73) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 72, wherein the structure includes a base, the base being configured to be connected to and support each of the plurality of arms such that each of the plurality of arms can extend away from the base. (Item 74) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 73, wherein the arm is configured to move retractably between the compressed position and the extended position. (Item 75) The ultraviolet radiation device described in item 73, wherein each of the arms includes a plurality of links that are hinge-connected. (Item 76) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 75, wherein the plurality of links are configured to move like scissors around the hinge, moving the arm between the compressed position and the extended position. (Item 77) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 75, wherein the second arm can be stacked on any of the arms of the plurality of arms. (Item 78) The ultraviolet radiation device according to item 75, wherein the plurality of arms are movable between the crushed position and the expanded position to conform to the shape and size of a plurality of rooms of different target volumes. (Item 79) A method for arranging multiple ultraviolet lamps within a cassette assembly, wherein the method is To provide a first cassette, wherein the first cassette includes a first coupling element connected to the periphery of the first cassette, Connecting a first plurality of ultraviolet lamps to the surface of the first cassette, wherein the first plurality of ultraviolet lamps are configured to emit ultraviolet light, To provide a second cassette, wherein the second cassette includes a second coupling element connected to the periphery of the second cassette, Connecting a second set of ultraviolet lamps to the surface of the second cassette, wherein the second set of ultraviolet lamps is configured to emit ultraviolet light, The first coupling element and the second coupling element are connected, and the first cassette is rotatably fixed to the second cassette. Methods that include... (Item 80) Connecting multiple ballasts to the surface of the first cassette, The plurality of ballasts are electrically connected to the first plurality of ultraviolet lamps, and the current supplied to them is limited. The method described in item 79, further including the method described in item 79. (Item 81) The method according to item 79, further comprising distributing multi-vector ultraviolet light within a target area adjacent to the first and second cassettes using the first plurality of ultraviolet lamps of the first cassette, together with the second plurality of ultraviolet lamps of the second cassette. (Item 82) The present invention provides a third cassette, wherein the third cassette includes a third coupling element connected to the periphery of the third cassette. Connecting a third plurality of ultraviolet lamps to the surface of the third cassette, wherein the third plurality of lamps are configured to emit ultraviolet light. The method described in item 79, further including the method described in item 79. (Item 83) Connecting the opposing coupling element of the first cassette to the third coupling element, wherein the opposing coupling element is connected to the periphery of the first cassette on the side opposite to the first coupling element. The method described in item 79, further including the method described in item 79. (Item 84) The method according to item 79, further comprising rotating the first cassette with respect to the second cassette about the first and second coupling elements when the first coupling element is coupled to the second coupling element.

Claims

1. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation device, A central support that can be positioned within the target volume and extends along the central axis, One or more arms are movably coupled to the central support, the one or more arms being movable between a crushed position and an expanded position, and further movable in at least one direction perpendicular to the central axis, each of the one or more arms including a plurality of UV light sources coupled thereto, the plurality of UV light sources being configured to emit UV light, and Equipped with, A UV emitting device wherein the central support includes one or more compartments defined therein, each of the one or more compartments housing an individual arm of the one or more arms when the individual arm is in the compressed position, and the distal end of each individual arm of the one or more arms forms a cover for the compartment in which the individual arm of the one or more arms is housed.

2. The UV radiation device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of UV light sources are configured to emit UV light such that the irradiation of the entire surface within the target volume is substantially uniform and has a minimum irradiation of 50 to 800 microwatts / square centimeter.

3. The UV emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the central support is coupled to the wall of the target volume, and the one or more arms include at least a first arm configured to extend along the wall when in the extended position, and a second arm configured to extend away from the wall when in the extended position.

4. The UV radiation device according to claim 1, wherein the central support is coupled to the ceiling of the target volume, and each of the plurality of UV light sources of each individual arm is coupled to the lower surface of the individual arm.

5. The UV radiation device according to claim 4, wherein each of the one or more arms is configured to be coupled to the ceiling, and each of the one or more arms extends downward at an angle toward the floor of the target volume when in the extended position, or both.

6. The UV emitting device according to claim 1, wherein each of the one or more arms is formed from one or more frame members joined together, and the plurality of UV light sources of each individual arm are housed within the one or more frame members, (i) the one or more frame members of each individual arm define an internal space on which the plurality of UV light sources are mounted, and (ii) the one or more frame members of each of the one or more arms include a plurality of frame members that are foldable and interconnected, wherein the plurality of frame members of each individual arm are folded relative to each other when the individual arm is in the collapsed position and are arranged with their ends connected when the individual arm is in the extended position, or (iii) both (i) and (ii).

7. The UV radiation device according to claim 1, wherein each individual arm of the one or more arms includes a plurality of drapes hanging down from the individual arm, and the plurality of UV light sources of each arm includes at least one UV light source coupled to each of the plurality of drapes.

8. The UV emitting device according to claim 7, wherein each individual arm is formed from a plurality of folding linkages joined together, and the UV emitting device further comprises a motor configured to move the individual arm between the compressed position and the extended position by folding and unfolding the plurality of folding linkages of each individual arm.

9. Each of the one or more arms is connected to the upper end of the central support, The UV radiation device according to claim 7, wherein, when each of the one or more arms is in its extended position, the plurality of drapes extend from (i) the same height as the upper end of the central support to (ii) the floor of the target volume.

10. The UV radiation device according to claim 1, wherein the one or more arms include a plurality of arms, which, when in their extended positions, are positioned around the periphery of the target volume.

11. The UV emitting device according to claim 1, further comprising one or more sensors configured to generate data associated with the position of the UV emitting device within the target volume, the positions of one or more objects within the target volume, or both.

12. The UV radiation device according to claim 11, wherein the one or more sensors include one or more proximity sensors, one or more cameras, or any combination thereof.

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