Terminal, wireless communication method, base station and system

Abstract

One aspect of the present disclosure is a terminal that includes: a reception unit that receives settings for a shared channel demodulation reference signal (DMRS); and a control unit that, on the basis of the settings, applies a frequency domain-orthogonal cover code (FD-OCC) that has a length of 4 or 3 to the DMRS. This one aspect of the present disclosure makes it possible to use an appropriate number of DMRS ports.

Description

Terminal, wireless communication method and base station

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system.

[0002] Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been specified for the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network with the aim of achieving higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Also, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) has been specified with the aim of achieving higher capacity and more advanced features than LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (e.g., 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 or later, etc.) are also being considered.

[0004] 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010

[0005] In future wireless communication systems (e.g., NR), a beam management technique is being introduced. For example, in NR, it is being considered to form (or use) a beam in at least one of a base station and a user terminal (user equipment (UE)).

[0006] On the other hand, for orthogonalizing layers, a reference signal of multiple ports (for example, a demodulation reference signal (DMRS)) is used. In future wireless communication systems, it is required to increase the number of DMRS ports compared to the existing specifications. However, how to increase the number of DMRS ports has not yet been studied. If an appropriate number of DMRS ports cannot be used, there is a risk that communication throughput / communication quality will deteriorate.

[0007] Therefore, one of the objects of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that use an appropriate number of DMRS ports.

[0008] A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a receiver that receives a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) setting for a shared channel, and a controller that applies a frequency domain (FD)-orthogonal cover code (OCC) having a length of 4 or 3 to the DMRS based on the setting.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, any suitable number of DMRS ports may be used.

[0010] FIG. 1 shows an example of DMRS configuration. FIGS. 2A and 2B show an example of DMRS configuration type 1 / 2. FIGS. 3A and 3B show an example of single-symbol DMRS. FIGS. 4A and 4B show an example of double-symbol DMRS. FIG. 5 shows an example of DMRS configuration type 1 and single-symbol DMRS. FIG. 6 shows a first example of DMRS configuration type 1 and double-symbol DMRS. FIG. 7 shows a second example of DMRS configuration type 1 and double-symbol DMRS. FIG. 8 shows a first example of DMRS configuration type 2 and single-symbol DMRS. FIG. 9 shows a second example of DMRS configuration type 2 and single-symbol DMRS. FIG. 10 shows a first example of DMRS configuration type 2 and double-symbol DMRS. FIG. 11 shows a second example of DMRS configuration type 2 and double-symbol DMRS. FIG. 12 shows a third example of DMRS configuration type 2 and double-symbol DMRS. Figure 13 shows example parameters for PDSCH DMRS configuration type 1. Figure 14 shows example parameters for PUSCH DMRS configuration type 1. Figure 15 shows an example of application of a length-6 FD OCC. Figures 16A and 16B show an example of a length-6 FD OCC. Figure 17 shows another example of a length-6 FD OCC. Figures 18A and 18B show an example of a method for generating a length-6 FD OCC. Figure 19 shows an example of a method for applying a length-6 FD OCC. Figure 20 shows an example of application of a length-4 FD OCC. Figures 21A and 21B show an example of a length-4 FD OCC. Figure 22 shows an example of generation of a length-4 FD OCC. Figure 23 shows another example of a length-4 FD OCC. Figure 24 shows an example of application of a length-2 FD OCC. FIG. 25 shows an example of application of a length 3 FD OCC. FIG. 26A and 26B show an example of a length 3 FD OCC. FIG. 27 shows another example of a length 3 FD OCC. FIG. 28A and 28B show examples of embodiments #1-4. FIG. 29 shows an example of embodiment #2. FIG. 30A and 30B show an example of embodiment #3. FIG. 31 shows another example of embodiment #3. FIG. 32 shows an example of embodiment #4. FIG. 33 shows another example of embodiment #4. FIG. 34 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment.Fig. 35 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. Fig. 36 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment. Fig. 37 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. Fig. 38 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment.

[0011] (Beam Management) In NR, a beam management technique is introduced. For example, in NR, forming (or using) a beam in at least one of a base station and a UE is considered.

[0012] By applying beam forming (BF), it is expected that the difficulty of ensuring coverage due to an increase in carrier frequency will be alleviated and radio wave propagation loss will be reduced.

[0013] BF is a technology for forming beams (antenna directivity) by controlling (also called precoding) the amplitude / phase of signals transmitted or received from each element using a massively multi-element antenna. Note that Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) using such massively multi-element antennas is also called massive MIMO.

[0014] Beam sweeping may be performed on both the transmitting and receiving sides to select an appropriate pair from multiple patterns of candidate transmitting and receiving beam pairs. A pair of transmitting and receiving beams may be called a beam pair and may be identified as a beam pair candidate index.

[0015] In beam management, instead of using a single beam, beam control at multiple levels such as a rough beam and a fine beam may be performed.

[0016] BF can be classified into digital BF and analog BF, which may be called digital precoding and analog precoding, respectively.

[0017] Digital BF is a method of performing precoding signal processing (on digital signals) on the baseband, for example. In this case, parallel processing such as inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and radio frequency (RF) is required for the number of antenna ports (or RF chains). On the other hand, beams can be formed at any timing, in a number corresponding to the number of RF chains.

[0018] Analog beamforming is a method that uses, for example, a phase shifter on the RF. Although analog beamforming cannot form multiple beams at the same time, it can be easily configured and implemented at low cost because it simply rotates the phase of the RF signal.

[0019] It is also possible to realize a hybrid BF configuration that combines digital and analog BFs. The introduction of large-scale MIMO is being considered for NR, but if a huge number of beams are formed using only digital BFs, the circuit configuration will become expensive, so the use of a hybrid BF configuration is also envisioned.

[0020] (TCI, spatial relationship, QCL) In NR, it is considered to control the reception processing (e.g., at least one of reception, demapping, demodulation, and decoding) and transmission processing (e.g., at least one of transmission, mapping, precoding, modulation, and encoding) of at least one of a signal and a channel (which may be expressed as signal / channel. Similarly, hereinafter, "A / B" may be read as "at least one of A and B") based on the transmission configuration indication state (TCI state).

[0021] The TCI state may represent that applied to a downlink signal / channel, and the equivalent of the TCI state applied to an uplink signal / channel may be expressed as a spatial relation.

[0022] The TCI state is information about the Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) of signals / channels, and may also be called spatial reception parameters, spatial relation information (SRI), etc. The TCI state may be configured in the UE on a per-channel or per-signal basis.

[0023] The QCL is an index indicating the statistical properties of signals / channels. For example, if a signal / channel has a QCL relationship with another signal / channel, it may mean that it can be assumed that at least one of a Doppler shift, a Doppler spread, an average delay, a delay spread, and a spatial parameter (e.g., a spatial Rx parameter) is the same between these different signals / channels (i.e., the signals / channels have a QCL with respect to at least one of these).

[0024] The spatial reception parameters may correspond to a reception beam (e.g., a reception analog beam) of the UE, and the beam may be identified based on a spatial QCL. The QCL (or at least one element of the QCL) in the present disclosure may be replaced with sQCL (spatial QCL).

[0025] A plurality of types (QCL types) of QCL may be defined. For example, four QCL types A to D may be provided, each having different parameters (or parameter sets) that can be assumed to be the same, and the parameters (which may be referred to as QCL parameters) are as follows: QCL type A: Doppler shift, Doppler spread, mean delay, and delay spread QCL type B: Doppler shift and Doppler spread QCL type C: Doppler shift and mean delay QCL type D: Spatial reception parameters

[0026] Types A to C may correspond to QCL information related to synchronization processing of at least one of time and frequency, and type D may correspond to QCL information related to beam control.

[0027] The UE's assumption that a given Control Resource Set (CORESET), channel, or reference signal has a specific QCL (e.g., QCL type D) relationship with another CORESET, channel, or reference signal may be referred to as a QCL assumption.

[0028] The UE may determine at least one of a transmit beam (Tx beam) and a receive beam (Rx beam) for a signal / channel based on the TCI condition or QCL assumption of the signal / channel.

[0029] The TCI state may be, for example, information about the QCL between a target channel (or a Reference Signal (RS) for that channel) and another signal (e.g., another Downlink Reference Signal (DL-RS)). The TCI state may be set (indicated) by higher layer signaling, physical layer signaling, or a combination thereof.

[0030] In the present disclosure, higher layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, etc., or a combination thereof.

[0031] The MAC signaling may use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MAC CE), a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU), etc. The broadcast information may be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI), Other System Information (OSI), etc.

[0032] The physical layer signaling may be, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI).

[0033] The channel for which the TCI state is set (designated) may be, for example, at least one of a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)), and an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)).

[0034] Furthermore, the RS (DL-RS) that has a QCL relationship with the channel may be, for example, at least one of a synchronization signal block (SSB), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), and a sounding reference signal (SRS). Alternatively, the DL-RS may be a CSI-RS (also called a tracking reference signal (TRS)) used for tracking, or a reference signal (also called a QRS) used for QCL detection.

[0035] An SSB is a signal block including at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), and a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH). An SSB may also be referred to as an SS / PBCH block.

[0036] The TCI state information element ("TCI-state IE" in RRC) set by higher layer signaling may include one or more pieces of QCL information ("QCL-Info"). The QCL information may include at least one of information on DL-RSs having a QCL relationship (DL-RS relationship information) and information indicating a QCL type (QCL type information). The DL-RS relationship information may include information such as an index of the DL-RS (e.g., an SSB index, a Non-Zero-Power (NZP) CSI-RS resource identifier), an index of a cell in which the RS is located, and an index of a Bandwidth Part (BWP) in which the RS is located.

[0037] (Advances in MIMO Technology and Beams) Incidentally, MIMO technology has been used in frequency bands (or frequency bands) lower than 6 GHz until now, but it is being considered that it will be applied to frequency bands higher than 6 GHz in the future.

[0038] Note that frequency bands lower than 6 GHz may be called sub-6, Frequency Range (FR) 1, etc. Frequency bands higher than 6 GHz may be called above-6, FR2, millimeter wave (mmW), FR4, etc.

[0039] The maximum number of MIMO layers is assumed to be limited by the antenna size.

[0040] Even at mmW, the use of higher-order MIMO and cooperation among multiple UEs can improve the freedom and diversity of MIMO multiplexing, and ultimately improve throughput.

[0041] In this way, it is expected that future wireless communication systems (e.g., NR from Rel. 17 onwards) will use only digital beams (which may be called full digital operation) without analog beams, even at high frequencies (e.g., FR2), or will use operations that predominantly use digital beams.

[0042] For example, in the case of full digital operation, by simultaneously applying orthogonal precoding (or orthogonal beams, digital beams) to multiple UEs, it is expected that frequency utilization efficiency will be improved. If the digital beam cannot be applied appropriately, interference between UEs will increase, leading to deterioration of communication quality (or reduction in cell capacity). Note that orthogonal in the present disclosure may be interpreted as quasi-orthogonal.

[0043] If a base station (which may be read as a Transmission / Reception Point (TRP), panel, etc.) can transmit only one beam at a time, the base station switches the beam to transmit and receive to the UE. If a base station can transmit multiple beams at a time, the base station can simultaneously transmit and receive to and from multiple UEs using different beams.

[0044] Even if base stations become fully digital, Rel. 15 UEs should be accommodated (supported) as long as they exist.

[0045] (DMRS) The front-loaded DMRS is the first DMRS (at or near the first symbol) for faster demodulation. An additional DMRS can be configured by RRC for fast-moving UEs or high modulation and coding scheme (MCS) / rank (see FIG. 1). The frequency location of the additional DMRS is the same as that of the front-loaded DMRS.

[0046] For the time domain, DMRS mapping type A or B is configured. In DMRS mapping type A, DMRS position l_0 is counted by the symbol index within the slot. l_0 is configured by the parameter (dmrs-TypeA-Position) in the MIB or common serving cell configuration (ServingCellConfigCommon). DMRS position 0 (reference point l) refers to the first symbol of the slot or each frequency hop. In DMRS mapping type B, DMRS position l_0 is counted by the symbol index within the PDSCH / PUSCH. l_0 is always 0. DMRS position 0 (reference point l) refers to the first symbol of the PDSCH / PUSCH or each frequency hop.

[0047] The DMRS location is defined by a table in the specification and depends on the duration of the PDSCH / PUSCH. The location of the additional DMRS is fixed.

[0048] DMRS configuration type 1 or 2 is configured for the frequency domain. DMRS configuration type 1 has a comb structure and is applicable to both CP-OFDM (transport precoding=disabled) and DFT-S-OFDM (transport precoding=enabled). DMRS configuration type 2 is applicable only to CP-OFDM. FIG. 2A shows an example of DMRS configuration type 1. FIG. 2B shows an example of DMRS configuration type 2.

[0049] Single symbol DMRS or double symbol DMRS is configured.

[0050] Single-symbol DMRS is normally used (it is a mandatory feature in Rel. 15). In single-symbol DMRS, the number of additional DMRS (symbols) is {0, 1, 2, 3}. Single-symbol DMRS is supported both when frequency hopping is enabled and when it is disabled. If the maximum number (maxLength) in the uplink DMRS configuration (DMRS-UplinkConfig) is not configured, single-symbol DMRS is used. Figure 3A shows an example of single-symbol DMRS (number of additional DMRS = 3) in DMRS configuration type 1. Figure 3B shows an example of single-symbol DMRS (number of additional DMRS = 3) in DMRS configuration type 2.

[0051] Double-symbol DMRS is used for more DMRS ports (especially MU-MIMO). In double-symbol DMRS, the number of additional DMRS (symbols) is {0, 1}. Double-symbol DMRS is supported when frequency hopping is disabled. If the maximum number (maxLength) in the uplink DMRS configuration (DMRS-UplinkConfig) is 2 (len2), whether single-symbol DMRS or double-symbol DMRS is determined by the DCI or configured grant. Figure 4A shows an example of double-symbol DMRS (number of additional DMRS = 1) in DMRS configuration type 1. Figure 4B shows an example of double-symbol DMRS (number of additional DMRS = 1) in DMRS configuration type 2.

[0052] From the above, the possible DMRS configuration patterns are the following combinations: DMRS configuration type 1, DMRS mapping type A, single symbol DMRS DMRS configuration type 1, DMRS mapping type A, double symbol DMRS DMRS configuration type 1, DMRS mapping type B, single symbol DMRS DMRS configuration type 1, DMRS mapping type B, double symbol DMRS DMRS configuration type 2, DMRS mapping type A, single symbol DMRS DMRS configuration type 2, DMRS mapping type A, double symbol DMRS DMRS configuration type 2, DMRS mapping type B, single symbol DMRS DMRS configuration type 2, DMRS mapping type B, double symbol DMRS

[0053] Multiple DMRS ports that are mapped to the same RE (time and frequency resource) are called a DMRS CDM group.

[0054] For DMRS configuration type 1 and single-symbol DMRS, four DMRS ports can be used. Within each DMRS CDM group, two DMRS ports are multiplexed using FD OCC of length 2. Between multiple DMRS CDM groups (two DMRS CDM groups), two DMRS ports are multiplexed using FDM (see FIG. 5).

[0055] For DMRS configuration type 1 and double-symbol DMRS, eight DMRS ports can be used. Within each DMRS CDM group, two DMRS ports are multiplexed by an FD OCC of length 2, and two DMRS ports are multiplexed by a TD OCC. Between multiple DMRS CDM groups (two DMRS CDM groups), two DMRS ports are multiplexed by FDM (see Figures 6 and 7).

[0056] For DMRS configuration type 2 and single-symbol DMRS, six DMRS ports can be used. Within each DMRS CDM group, two DMRS ports are multiplexed using FD OCC of length 2. Between multiple DMRS CDM groups (three DMRS CDM groups), three DMRS ports are multiplexed using FDM (see Figures 8 and 9).

[0057] For DMRS configuration type 2 and double-symbol DMRS, 12 DMRS ports can be used. Within each DMRS CDM group, two DMRS ports are multiplexed by an FD OCC of length 2, and two DMRS ports are multiplexed by a TD OCC. Between multiple DMRS CDM groups (three DMRS CDM groups), three DMRS ports are multiplexed by FDM (see Figures 10, 11, and 12).

[0058] Here, an example of DMRS mapping type B is shown, but DMRS mapping type A is also similar.

[0059] In the parameters for PDSCH DMRS (FIG. 13), DMRS ports 1000-1007 can be used for DMRS configuration type 1, and DMRS ports 1000-1011 can be used for DMRS configuration type 2.

[0060] In the parameters for PUSCH DMRS (FIG. 14), DMRS ports 0-7 can be used for DMRS configuration type 1, and DMRS ports 0-11 can be used for DMRS configuration type 2.

[0061] (Joint Channel Estimation) When joint channel estimation (coverage extension scheme) is configured for multiple slots / subslots, TD OCC may be applied to the multiple slots. When joint channel estimation (coverage extension scheme) is configured for multiple slots / subslots, the phase of signals across the multiple slots / subslots may be assumed to be continuous / coherent. Configuring joint channel estimation may also mean configuring DMRS bundling (e.g., PUSCH-DMRS bundling for PUSCH, PUCCH-DMRS bundling for PUCCH).

[0062] A configured time domain window may be configured in the UE for UL / DL. For example, the configuration may include at least two of a starting slot / subslot index, an ending slot / subslot index, and a window duration. A TD OCC spanning multiple slots / subslots may be applied within the window.

[0063] (Ports of Reference Signals) For orthogonalization of MIMO layers, reference signals of multiple ports (for example, demodulation reference signals (DMRS) and CSI-RS) are used.

[0064] For example, for single user MIMO (SU-MIMO), a different DMRS port / CSI-RS port may be set for each layer. For multi user MIMO (MU-MIMO), a different DMRS port / CSI-RS port may be set for each layer within one UE and for each UE.

[0065] In addition, if the number of CSI-RS ports is greater than the number of layers used for data, it is possible to measure the channel state more accurately based on this CSI-RS, which is expected to contribute to improving throughput.

[0066] In Rel. 15 NR, multi-port DMRS is supported using frequency division multiplexing (FDM), frequency domain orthogonal cover code (FD-OCC), time domain OCC (TD-OCC), etc., with up to eight ports for Type 1 DMRS (i.e., DMRS configuration type 1) and up to 12 ports for Type 2 DMRS (i.e., DMRS configuration type 2).

[0067] In Rel. 15 NR, a comb-like transmission frequency pattern (comb-like resource set) is used for the FDM. Cyclic Shift (CS) is used for the FD-OCC. Furthermore, the TD-OCC can only be applied to double-symbol DMRS.

[0068] The OCC in the present disclosure may be interchangeably read as orthogonal code, orthogonalization, cyclic shift, and the like.

[0069] The type of DMRS may be referred to as a DMRS configuration type.

[0070] Among DMRSs, DMRSs that are resource-mapped in units of two consecutive (adjacent) symbols may be called double-symbol DMRSs, and DMRSs that are resource-mapped in units of one symbol may be called single-symbol DMRSs.

[0071] Either DMRS may be mapped to one or more symbols per slot depending on the length of the data channel. A DMRS mapped to the beginning of a data symbol may be called a front-loaded DMRS, and a DMRS additionally mapped to other positions may be called an additional DMRS.

[0072] In the case of DMRS configuration type 1 and single-symbol DMRS, Comb and CS may be used for orthogonalization. For example, up to four antenna ports (APs) may be supported by using two types of Comb and two types of CS (Comb2+2CS).

[0073] In the case of DMRS configuration type 1 and double-symbol DMRS, comb, CS, and TD-OCC may be used for orthogonalization. For example, up to eight APs may be supported using two types of comb, two types of CS, and TD-OCC ({1,1} and {1,-1}).

[0074] In the case of DMRS configuration type 2 and single-symbol DMRS, FD-OCC may be used for orthogonalization. For example, up to six APs may be supported by applying an orthogonal code (2-FD-OCC) to two adjacent resource elements (REs) in the frequency direction.

[0075] In the case of DMRS configuration type 2 and double-symbol DMRS, FD-OCC and TD-OCC may be used for orthogonalization. For example, up to 12 APs may be supported by applying an orthogonal code (2-FD-OCC) to two adjacent REs in the frequency direction and a TD-OCC ({1,1} and {1,-1}) to two adjacent REs in the time direction.

[0076] In addition, in Rel. 15 NR, a maximum of 32 ports of the multi-port CSI-RS are supported by using FDM, time division multiplexing (TDM), frequency domain OCC, time domain OCC, etc. The same method as that for the above-mentioned DMRS may also be applied to orthogonalization of the CSI-RS.

[0077] Now, a group of DMRS ports orthogonalized by the FD-OCC / TD-OCC as described above is also called a Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group.

[0078] Different CDM groups are orthogonal because they are FDM-encoded. However, within the same CDM group, the orthogonality of the applied OCC may be lost due to channel fluctuations, etc. In this case, if signals within the same CDM group are received with different reception powers, a near-far problem may occur, and orthogonality may not be guaranteed.

[0079] Here, we will explain the TD-OCC / FD-OCC of DMRS in Rel. 15 NR. The DMRS mapped to a resource element (RE) is a DMRS sequence with FD-OCC parameters (which may also be called sequence elements) w ｆ (k') and the TD-OCC parameters (which may also be called sequence elements) w ｔ (l') and may correspond to a sequence obtained by multiplying (l') and (l').

[0080] The TD-OCC and FD-OCC of the DMRS of Rel. 15 NR both correspond to OCCs with a sequence length (which may also be referred to as the OCC length) of 2. Therefore, the possible values ​​of k' and l' above are both 0 and 1. By multiplying this FD-OCC in RE units, two-port DMRS can be multiplexed using the same time and frequency resources (2 RE). When both the FD-OCC and TD-OCC are applied, four-port DMRS can be multiplexed using the same time and frequency resources (4 RE).

[0081] The two tables of parameters for PDSCH DMRS described above correspond to DMRS configuration type 1 and type 2, respectively, where p indicates the antenna port number and Δ indicates a parameter for shifting (offsetting) the frequency resource.

[0082] For example, for antenna ports 1000 and 1001, ｆ (0), w ｆ (1)} = {+1, +1} and {w ｆ (0), w ｆ (1)}={+1, -1} is applied to the vectors, and the vectors are orthogonalized using FD-OCC.

[0083] FDM is applied to antenna ports 1000-1001 and antenna ports 1002-1003 (and also antenna ports 1004-1005 in the case of Type 2) by applying different values ​​of Δ. Thus, antenna ports 1000-1003 (or 1000-1005) corresponding to single-symbol DMRS are orthogonalized using FD-OCC and FDM.

[0084] For the antenna ports 1000-1003 and the antenna ports 1004-1007 of type 1, {w ｔ (0), w ｔ (1)} = {+1, +1} and {w ｔ (0), w ｔ (1)}={+1, −1} is applied, and thus the antenna ports 1000-1007 (or 1000-1011) corresponding to the double-symbol DMRS are orthogonalized using FD-OCC, TD-OCC, and FDM.

[0085] In Rel. 15, the total number of DMRS ports for single-symbol DMRS with (PDSCH DMRS) configuration type 1 is 2 (by comb / FDM) × 2 (by FD OCC) = 4. In Rel. 15, the total number of DMRS ports for double-symbol DMRS with (PDSCH DMRS) configuration type 1 is 2 (by comb / FDM) × 2 (by FD OCC) × 2 (by TD OCC) = 8.

[0086] In Rel. 15, the total number of DMRS ports for single-symbol DMRS with (PDSCH DMRS) configuration type 2 is 3 (by FDM) × 2 (by FD OCC) = 6 ports. In Rel. 15, the total number of DMRS ports for double-symbol DMRS with (PDSCH DMRS) configuration type 2 is 3 (by comb) × 2 (by FD OCC) × 2 (by TD OCC) = 12 ports.

[0087] For CP-OFDM, it is considered to specify a larger number of orthogonal DMRS ports for DL ​​and UL MU-MIMO without increasing the DMRS overhead, to aim for a common design for DL ​​and UL DMRS, and for each applicable DMRS type, to double the maximum number of orthogonal DMRS ports for both single-symbol DMRS and double-symbol DMRS, supporting up to 24 orthogonal DMRS ports.

[0088] Furthermore, TD OCC and FD OCC have been studied for application to DMRS. However, the method of multiplexing multiple DMRS ports has not yet been fully studied. For example, the performance of TD OCC deteriorates in the case of a high Doppler shift. If the method of multiplexing multiple DMRS ports is not fully studied, it may result in a decrease in communication throughput.

[0089] Therefore, the present inventors came up with a method for multiplexing multiple DMRS ports.

[0090] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Each of the following embodiments (e.g., each case) may be used alone or in combination of at least two of them.

[0091] In the present disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted interchangeably. Also, in the present disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C."

[0092] In the present disclosure, terms such as activate, deactivate, indicate (or indicate), select, configure, update, and determine may be read interchangeably. In the present disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, and operate may be read interchangeably.

[0093] In the present disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher layer parameters, information elements (IEs), settings, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) control elements (CEs), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0094] In the present disclosure, higher layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, etc., or a combination thereof.

[0095] In the present disclosure, MAC signaling may use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MAC CE), a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU), etc. Broadcast information may be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI), Other System Information (OSI), etc.

[0096] In the present disclosure, physical layer signaling may be, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI), and the like.

[0097] In the present disclosure, the terms index, identifier (ID), indicator, resource ID, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, the terms sequence, list, set, group, cluster, subset, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0098] In the present disclosure, the terms panel, panel group, beam, beam group, precoder, Uplink (UL) transmitting entity, Transmission / Reception Point (TRP), base station, Spatial Relation Information (SRI), spatial relation, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), Control Resource Set (CORESET), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), Reference Signal (RS), antenna port (e.g., Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port), antenna port group (e.g., DMRS port group), group (e.g., spatial relation group, Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, reference signal group, CORESET group, Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) group, PUCCH resource group), resource (e.g., reference signal resource, SRS resource), resource set (e.g., reference signal resource set), CORESET pool, downlink Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state) (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, Quasi-Co-Location (QCL), QCL assumption, etc. may be read as interchangeable.

[0099] In the present disclosure, the frequency domain index, subcarrier index, RE index, PRB index, and RB index may be read as interchangeable.

[0100] In the present disclosure, applying an OCC to a signal / resource and multiplying an element of each RE of the signal / resource by a corresponding element of the OCC may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0101] (Wireless communication method) In each embodiment, DMRS, DL DMRS, UL DMRS, PDSCH DMRS, and PUSCH DMRS may be interchangeable.

[0102] In each embodiment, the orthogonal sequence, OCC, FD OCC, and TD OCC may be interchangeable.

[0103] In each embodiment, the DMRS port, antenna port, and port may be interchangeable. In each embodiment, the port index and port number may be interchangeable. In each embodiment, the DMRS CDM group and CDM group may be interchangeable. In each embodiment, the antenna port indication and antenna port field may be interchangeable.

[0104] In each embodiment, joint channel estimation and DMRS bundling may be interchangeable.

[0105] In each embodiment, DMRS for PDSCH (DMRS port number p=1000, 1001, ..., 10xx) and DMRS for PUSCH (DMRS port number p=0, 1, ..., xx) may be read as interchangeable.

[0106] In each embodiment, the OCC index m={0, 1, 2, ...}, the DMRS port number p={1000, 1001, ...}, and the DMRS port number p={0, 1, ...} may be read as interchangeable.

[0107] In each embodiment, an example in which the FD OCC is applied to a single-symbol DMRS is used, but in the same manner, each embodiment may also apply the FD OCC to a double-symbol DMRS.

[0108] The UE may receive a configuration (e.g., an RRC IE) of the DMRS of the PDSCH / PUSCH. Based on the configuration, the UE may apply an FD-OCC having a length of 6 / 4 / 3 / 2 to the DMRS of the PDSCH / PUSCH.

[0109] <Embodiment #1> This embodiment relates to FD OCC for DMRS configuration type 1.

[0110] For DMRS configuration type 1, a FD OCC of length 6 may be used.

[0111] Figure 15 shows an example where one FD OCC is applied within one PRB. CDM group #0 corresponds to DMRS ports #0, #1, #2, and #3 and is mapped to the same REs with even frequency-domain indices (0, 2, ..., offset Δ=0). CDM group #1 corresponds to DMRS ports #4, #5, #6, and #7 and is mapped to the same REs (different from the REs of CDM group #1) with odd frequency-domain indices (1, 3, ..., offset Δ=1).

[0112] The length-6 FD OCC may be any of the following codes or a different sequence:

[0113] [Code 1-1] The FD OCC may be a six-complex sequence, as in the example of Figure 16A. As in the example of Figure 16B, the FD OCC w_f(k') corresponding to k'={0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} may be generated by applying cyclic shifts α={0, π / 2, π, 3π / 2, 2π, 5π / 2} to w_f(0). k'={0, 1, 2, 3} may correspond to equal cyclic shifts (e.g., α={0, -π / 2, -π, -3π / 2, -2π, -5π / 2}, α={0, π, π / 2, 3π / 2, 0, π}) or unequal cyclic shifts (e.g., α={0, 2π / 6, 2*2π / 6, 3*2π / 6, 4*2π / 6, 5*2π / 6}).

[0114] [Code 1-2] FD OCC may be generated based on a Walsh sequence of length 4, as in the example of Figure 17. w_f(k') corresponding to k'={4,5} may be w_f(k') corresponding to k'={0,1}.

[0115] [Codes 1-3] The FD OCC may be generated by multiplying two OCCs. For example, the FD OCC may be generated by multiplying OCC1 and OCC2 (FIG. 18A) (FIG. 18B). As in the example of FIG. 19, six subcarriers may be divided into three subcarrier groups, with two subcarriers per subcarrier group, and OCC1 may be applied to two subcarriers in each subcarrier group, and OCC2 may be applied to the three subcarrier groups. At least one of OCC1 and OCC2 may be an orthogonal sequence. OCC2 may be generated using a cyclic shift of a certain sequence. The cyclic shift may be α={0, π, 2π}, α={0, 2π / 3, 4π / 3}, etc.

[0116] A longer FD OCC length (wider bandwidth, e.g., FD OCC of length 6 or more) reduces robustness to larger delay spreads (frequency domain channel selectivity). Therefore, an OCC with higher robustness to larger delay spreads is used.

[0117] <<Embodiment #1-1>> For DMRS configuration type 1, a length-4 FD OCC may be applied across one or more PRBs. In this case, it may be specified that the UE does not assume that a PDSCH / PUSCH with an odd number of PRBs is scheduled. Preferably, the same precoder is applied to the FD OCC. One FD OCC may be applied to one precoding resource block group (PRG). Such an FD OCC provides better performance at large delay spreads than a length-6 FD OCC.

[0118] Figure 20 shows an example in which three FD OCCs are applied across two PRBs. CDM group #0 corresponds to DMRS ports #0, #1, #2, and #3 and is mapped to the same REs with even frequency-domain indices (0, 2, ..., offset Δ=0). CDM group #1 corresponds to DMRS ports #4, #5, #6, and #7 and is mapped to the same REs (different from the REs in CDM group #1) with odd frequency-domain indices (1, 3, ..., offset Δ=1).

[0119] The FD OCC may be applied starting from the lowest RE index (lowest subcarrier index) in the set of PRBs. The PRBs in the set may be ordered (indexed) according to at least one of the following orders: [Order 1] Ordered from the lowest PRB index among PRBs scheduled for PDSCH / PUSCH; [Order 2] Ordered from the lowest PRB index in the PRG; [Order 3] Ordered from the lowest PRB index in the BWP.

[0120] Order 2 / 3 is preferred as it is common to different UEs.

[0121] The length-4 FD OCC may be any of the following codes or a different sequence:

[0122] [Code 2-1] The FD OCC may be a four-complex sequence, as in the example of Figure 21A. As in the example of Figure 21B, the FD OCC w_f(k') corresponding to this k'={0, 1, 2, 3} may be generated by applying a cyclic shift α={0, π / 2, π, 3π / 2} (Figure 22) to w_f(0). k'={0, 1, 2, 3} may correspond to a uniform cyclic shift (e.g., α={0, -π / 2, -π, -3π / 2}, α={0, π, π / 2, 3π / 2}) or an uneven cyclic shift (e.g., α={0, 2π / 6, 2*2π / 6, 3*2π / 6}).

[0123] [Code 2-2] The FD OCC may be four Walsh sequences, as in the example of Fig. 23. The FD OCC may be the same as the TD OCC for the CSI-RS.

[0124] <<Embodiment #1-2>> A plurality of existing FD OCCs #1 of length 2 may be applied / multiplied by another FD-OCC #2.

[0125] [Length 2] FD OCC #2 may be an OCC of length 2. As shown in the example of Fig. 24, two elements of one FD OCC #2 may be applied / multiplied to two FD OCC #1 that are FDM-multiplied. The length 2 FD OCC #1 / #2 may be specified in the same manner as in existing specifications.

[0126] [Length 3] The FD OCC #2 may be an FD OCC of length 3. As shown in the example of Fig. 25, three elements of one FD OCC #2 may be applied / multiplied to three FD OCC #1 that are FDM-multiplied. The FD OCC #2 of length 3 may be the OCC of length 3 in embodiments #1 to #3 described later.

[0127] The length of FD OCC#1 may be a number different from these examples (e.g., 3 / 4 / 6 / 8). The length of FD OCC#2 may be a number different from these examples (e.g., 4 / 6 / 8). The combination of the lengths of FD OCC#1 and FD OCC#2 may be a number different from these examples (e.g., 2 and 4, 3 and 2, 4 and 2, 3 and 3, etc.).

[0128] <<Embodiments #1-3>> For DMRS configuration type 1, a length-3 FD OCC may be applied across one or more PRBs. The length-3 OCC may be any of the following codes or a sequence different from them:

[0129] [Code 3-1] As for an OCC of length 3, multiple OCCs may be generated by applying multiple different cyclic shifts to a base sequence, as in the examples of FIGS. 26A and 26B.

[0130] [Code 3-2] For an OCC of length 3, three sequences may be specified in the specification, as in the example of FIG.

[0131] As described above, when an FD-OCC with a sequence length of M (>2) is applied, there may be cases where there are excess REs in a physical resource block (PRB) (in other words, there are REs in one PRB to which the entire FD-OCC is not applied). Such cases where there are excess REs in a specific bandwidth (e.g., PRB) may be handled by the methods shown in Figures 28A and 28B.

[0132] In other words, this case corresponds to the case where the number of REs (subcarriers) of the DMRS resource within a specific bandwidth is not divisible by M.

[0133] An RE group (RE set) includes M non-contiguous REs, and for each RE group, M elements of the FD-OCC are applied to the M REs in the RE group, respectively. Figures 28A and 28B are diagrams showing an example of FD-OCC mapping in embodiments #1-4. In this example, four elements of the FD-OCC are applied to four REs in the RE group, respectively.

[0134] When FD-OCC cannot be applied to only REs in one PRB, the UE may assume that multiple RE groups to which FD-OCC is applied exist across multiple PRBs, as shown in Figure 28A. In Figure 28A, REs with k = 8, 10 in PRB0 and REs with k = 0, 2 in PRB1 are used for a total of 4 REs, and each RE group is used for w ｆ (0), w ｆ (1), w ｆ (2) and w ｆ FD-OCC may be applied using (3). In Figure 28A, three RE groups (groups 1 to 3) may be used in two PRBs.

[0135] The PRBs to which the FD-OCC RE group belongs may be consecutive or non-consecutive PRBs, and may be included in the same Precoding Resource Block Group (PRG), as shown in Figure 28A.

[0136] One PRG may be composed of one or more PRBs to which the same precoding is applied. Since it is assumed that precoding is applied in PRG units, even if FD-OCC is applied between multiple PRBs in a PRG, appropriate orthogonalization can be performed. One PRB may be read as multiple PRBs.

[0137] An RE group to which FD-OCC is applied may be constructed by combining REs in a PRG in order of decreasing or increasing frequency (FIG. 28A combines REs in order of decreasing frequency).

[0138] In addition, the same FD-OCC may be applied to different RE groups, or different FD-OCCs may be applied to different RE groups (for example, the FD-OCC index may be incremented for each group).

[0139] For example, for all of groups 1, 2, and 3 in FIG. 28A, one OCC index, FD-OCC(w ｆ (k')) may be applied. The FD-OCC with the OCC index {0, 1, 2} of length 4 described above may be applied to groups 1, 2, and 3 in FIG. 28A, respectively. Note that this OCC index p may be replaced with mod(p, M), etc. In other words, the OCC index may be incremented between RE groups and used repeatedly.

[0140] For example, when 1 PRG = odd number of PRBs, even if FD-OCC is applied to an RE group spanning multiple PRBs as in Figure 28A, there may be cases where REs within 1 PRB remain.

[0141] When FD-OCC cannot be applied to all REs in one PRB or one PRG (REs for DMRS are left over), as shown in Figure 28B, the UE may assume that DMRS is not transmitted in the remaining REs in that one PRB or one PRG (which may be referred to as being dropped, muted, etc.), or that DMRS is transmitted without applying FD-OCC. This configuration can preferably maintain compatibility with Rel. 15 DMRS.

[0142] In the case of FIG. 28B, the illustrated PRB / PRG has k=0, 2, 4, and 6, for a total of 4 REs, each of which has w ｆ (0), w ｆ (1), w ｆ (2) and w ｆ FD-OCC may be applied using (3). On the other hand, DMRS may not be transmitted in REs of k = 8, 10 of the PRB / PRG, or DMRS to which FD-OCC is not applied may be transmitted.

[0143] In addition, it may be assumed that the TD-OCC described below is applied to any remaining REs within a PRB / PRG (or REs to which the FD-OCC is not applied).

[0144] The UE may assume that a specific FD-OCC is applied to the remaining REs in one PRB or one PRG. The specific FD-OCC may be the FD-OCC of Rel. 15 NR (OCC with sequence length = 2) or the index of the OCC with sequence length = M described above. ｆ Some w included in the set of (k') ｆ For example, in the case of FIG. 28B, the REs of k=8 and 10 of the PRB / PRG may be multiplied by the OCC index w ｆ (0), w ｆ (1) may be applied to each.

[0145] Information regarding whether DMRS is transmitted using remaining REs in a PRB / PRG, whether OCC (FD-OCC / TD-OCC) is applied to remaining REs in a PRB / PRG, etc. may be configured (instructed) to the UE using higher layer signaling, physical layer signaling, or a combination thereof. Based on the information, the UE may determine whether to use a certain RE for transmitting and receiving DMRS, or may determine the transmission and reception process of the RE of the DMRS.

[0146] Note that the PRG of the present disclosure may be interpreted as the width of PRB bundling (frequency resources to which PRB bundling is applied) or the width of PDSCH (transmission bandwidth of PDSCH).

[0147] <Embodiment #1-5> For DMRS configuration type 1, a length 6 FD OCC is compared with a length 4 FD OCC. With a length 6 FD OCC, PDSCH / PUSCH with any number of PRBs can be scheduled. With a length 4 FD OCC, PDSCH / PUSCH with only an even number of PRBs can be scheduled. With a length 4 FD OCC, better performance can be obtained in large delay spreads.

[0148] Two options may be specified: a length 6 FD OCC and a length 4 FD OCC. The UE may report support for one of these options. The base station may configure one of these options based on the report.

[0149] The specifications may specify multiple options: TD OCC, FD OCC, and FDM. FDM may map multiple / different DMRSs (multiple / different DMRS ports) to different frequency domain resources (subcarriers). A UE may report support for one of these options. Based on the report, a base station may configure one of these options as the DMRS for PDSCH / PUSCH. TD OCC reduces performance degradation due to a large delay spread. FD OCC reduces performance degradation due to a large Doppler spread. FDM is preferable for multiplexing with legacy (Rel. 15 / 16) UEs.

[0150] The DMRS multiplexing mode switch may be configured / indicated by an RRC IE / MAC CE or may be indicated by a DCI, which may be a new DCI field or an existing DCI field, and may include an indication of TD OCC, FD OCC, or FDM, or an indication of the OCC length.

[0151] For example, if the number of PRBs scheduled for PDSCH / PUSCH is even, an FD OCC with a length less than or equal to L (e.g., L=4) (e.g., 4 / 3 / 2) may be applied; otherwise, an FD OCC with a length greater than L (e.g., 6) may be applied.

[0152] For example, if the number of PRBs scheduled for the PDSCH / PUSCH is greater than X, an FD OCC with a length greater than L (e.g., L=4) (e.g., 6) may be applied; otherwise, an FD OCC with a length equal to or less than L (e.g., 4 / 3 / 2) may be applied, or the Rel. 15 FD OCC (i.e., an FD OCC with a length of 2) may be applied.

[0153] For example, if the number of layers scheduled for the PDSCH / PUSCH is greater than Y, an FD OCC with a length greater than L (e.g., L=4) (e.g., 6) may be applied; otherwise, an FD OCC with a length equal to or less than L (e.g., 4 / 3 / 2) may be applied, or the Rel. 15 FD OCC (i.e., an FD OCC with a length of 2) may be applied.

[0154] At least one of X, Y, and L may be specified in the specification or may be set by a higher layer.

[0155] According to this embodiment, the number of DMRS ports can be increased and DMRS can be appropriately multiplexed.

[0156] <Embodiment #2> This embodiment relates to a DMRS mapping method.

[0157] New DMRS mapping methods in the frequency domain may be introduced or existing DMRS mapping methods may be updated.

[0158] An FD OCC of length M may be applied to M consecutive REs, where M may be 4, 3, or some other number. This DMRS mapping method may be referred to as DMRS configuration type 3.

[0159] When applied to M consecutive REs, higher performance can be obtained at large delay spreads compared to when applied to M non-consecutive REs as in embodiment #1. Since it is difficult to stay a channel on 8 consecutive REs, it is difficult to multiplex with the DMRS port of a legacy (Rel. 15 / 16) UE.

[0160] In the example of FIG. 29, DMRS ports #0 / #1 / #2 / #3 are associated with CDM group #0, and the W of FD OCC is assigned to subcarrier indexes #0 to #3 of the DMRS. f (0) to W f(3) is applied to each CDM group #1. DMRS ports #4 / #5 / #6 / #7 are associated with the CDM group #1, and the W of the FD OCC is applied to the subcarrier indexes #4 to #7 of the DMRS. f (0) to W f (3) is applied to each CDM group #0. DMRS ports #8 / #9 / #10 / #11 are associated with the CDM group #0, and the W of the FD OCC is assigned to the subcarrier indexes #8 to #11 of the DMRS. f (0) to W f (0) is applied to each of the CDM groups #0 / #1 / #2. The DMRSs of the CDM groups #0 / #1 / #2 may be FDM-modulated.

[0161] According to this embodiment, the DMRS and FD OCC can be properly mapped to frequency domain resources.

[0162] <Embodiment #3> This embodiment relates to FDM.

[0163] In FDM, a length-2 FD OCC may be applied, which may be a Rel. 15 FD OCC. Two adjacent or consecutive REs may be grouped to form an RE group.

[0164] For DMRS configuration type 1, the DMRS port to RE mapping may be different depending on whether the PRB index is even or odd. For example, for an odd number of PRBs, the UE may follow one of several schedulings:

[0165] [Scheduling 1] It may be specified that a UE is not expected to be scheduled with a PDSCH / PUSCH with an odd number of PRBs.

[0166] [Scheduling 2] A UE may be scheduled for PDSCH / PUSCH with an odd number of PRBs, in which case the number of REs for a lower port number may be different from the number of REs for a higher port number.

[0167] The mapping from DMRS ports to REs may be determined depending on whether the RE (subcarrier) with the lowest index to which a DMRS port is mapped is in a PRB with an even PRB index or in a PRB with an odd PRB index. The PRB index may be one of the following indexes: [Index 1] PRB index within the scheduled PDSCH / PUSCH (local PRB index within one or more PRBs allocated to the scheduled PDSCH / PUSCH); [Index 2] PRB index within one PRG; [Index 3] Actual PRB index (PRB index within BWP).

[0168] Index 2 / 3 is preferred because it is common to different UEs.

[0169] In the example of Figure 30A, starting from RE index 0 of PRB index 0, two REs with adjacent even RE indices form an RE group, and an FD OCC of length 2 may be applied. Starting from RE index 1 of PRB index 0, two REs with adjacent odd RE indices form an RE group, and an FD OCC of length 2 may be applied.

[0170] Furthermore, RE group-level comb2 (FDM) may be applied to the RE group with RE indices 0 and 2, the RE group with RE indices 8 and 10, and the RE group with RE indices 4 and 6, which has PRB index 0, and the RE group with RE indices 1 and 3, which has PRB index 0, the RE group with RE indices 9 and 11, and the RE group with RE indices 5 and 7, which has PRB index 1, and the DMRS ports 1000 to 1007 may be mapped to these RE group-level comb2. The RE-level comb2 may be applied to the RE group with RE indices 4 and 6 of PRB index 0, the RE group with RE indices 0 and 2 of PRB index 1, and the RE group with RE indices 8 and 10, and the RE group with RE indices 5 and 7 of PRB index 0, the RE group with RE indices 1 and 3 of PRB index 1, and the RE group with RE indices 9 and 11, and the DMRS ports 1008 to 1015 may be mapped to them. The RE group-level comb2 (FDM) may be applied to the DMRS ports 1000 to 1007 and the DMRS ports 1008 to 1015.

[0171] For DMRS configuration type 2, the mapping from DMRS ports to REs may be common regardless of PRB index.

[0172] In the example of Figure 30B, two adjacent REs with even RE indices form an RE group, and an FD OCC of length 2 may be applied. The RE groups with RE indices 0 and 1, the RE groups with RE indices 2 and 3, and the RE groups with RE indices 4 and 5 may be FDM-split, and DMRS ports 1000 to 1011 may be mapped to these RE groups. The RE groups with RE indices 6 and 7, the RE groups with RE indices 8 and 9, and the RE groups with RE indices 10 and 11 may be FDM-split, and DMRS ports 1012 to 1023 may be mapped to these RE groups. DMRS ports 1000 to 1011 and DMRS ports 1012 to 1024 may be FDM-split.

[0173] For DMRS configuration type 1, the mapping from DMRS ports to REs may be common regardless of PRB index. The channel estimation accuracy of the two FDMed DMRS ports may be different.

[0174] In the example of Figure 31, starting from RE index 0, two REs with adjacent even RE indices form an RE group, and an FD OCC of length 2 may be applied. Starting from RE index 1, two REs with adjacent odd RE indices form an RE group, and an FD OCC of length 2 may be applied.

[0175] DMRS ports 1000 to 1007 may be mapped to the RE group with RE indexes 0 and 2, the RE group with RE indexes 4 and 6, the RE group with RE indexes 1 and 3, and the RE group with RE indexes 5 and 7. DMRS ports 1008 to 1015 may be mapped to the RE group with RE indexes 8 and 10 and the RE group with RE indexes 9 and 11. In this example, more REs are mapped to DMRS ports corresponding to lower RE indices, but more REs may also be mapped to DMRS ports corresponding to higher RE indices.

[0176] According to this embodiment, multiple DMRSs can be appropriately FDM'd.

[0177] <Embodiment #4> This embodiment relates to operation across multiple PRBs.

[0178] FD OCC across multiple PRBs or joint channel estimation across multiple PRBs requires additional UE complexity / functionality. A UE may report support for FD OCC across multiple PRBs or may report support for joint channel estimation across multiple PRBs. A UE / base station may report / configure whether phase is consistent across multiple PRBs, whether FD OCC across multiple PRBs operates, or whether joint channel estimation across multiple PRBs operates.

[0179] To enable FD OCC across multiple PRBs or joint channel estimation across multiple PRBs, both the transmitter and receiver may recognize phase consistency between consecutive PRBs (e.g., two PRBs). Phase consistency may be maintained across multiple PRBs within a PRB group in the DL. Phase consistency may be maintained across all PRBs in the UL.

[0180] Figure 32 shows an example of DMRS configuration type 1. In this example, the RE mapping of the DMRS and the DMRS to which FD OCC of length 4 is applied is the same as that in Figure 20 described above. In this example, the DMRS with PRB index 0 and the DMRS with PRB index 1 have phase consistency. The receiver can perform joint channel estimation using the DMRS with PRB index 0 and the DMRS with PRB index 1.

[0181] Figure 33 shows an example of DMRS configuration type 2. In this example, a length-2 FD OCC is applied to the DMRS mapped to RE indexes 0 and 1 in PRB index 0. A length-2 FD OCC is applied to the DMRS mapped to RE indexes 0 and 1 in PRB index 1. The DMRS of PRB index 0 and the DMRS of PRB index 1 are FDM-modulated. In this example, the DMRS of PRB index 0 and the DMRS of PRB index 1 have phase consistency. The receiver can perform joint channel estimation using the DMRS of PRB index 0 and the DMRS of PRB index 1.

[0182] According to this embodiment, it is possible to improve the accuracy of channel estimation by using DMRS spanning multiple PRBs.

[0183] <Supplementary Note> At least one operation of the above-described embodiment may be applied only to UEs that have reported or support a specific UE capability.

[0184] The specific UE capability may indicate at least one of the following: Supporting specific processing / operation / control / information for at least one of the above embodiments. Supporting a higher number of DMRS ports for PDSCH / PUSCH than in existing specifications. Supporting a higher number of DMRS ports for PDSCH / PUSCH DMRS using TD-OCC / FD-OCC / FDM than in existing specifications. The maximum number of DMRS ports for PDSCH / PUSCH. Supporting FD OCC of length 6 / 4 / 3. Supporting FD OCC spanning multiple PRBs. Supporting joint channel estimation spanning multiple PRBs.

[0185] Joint UE capabilities may be reported for multiple DMRS configuration types, or separate UE capabilities may be reported for multiple DMRS configuration types.

[0186] Joint UE capabilities for single-symbol DMRS and double-symbol DMRS may be reported, and separate UE capabilities for single-symbol DMRS and double-symbol DMRS may be reported.

[0187] Furthermore, the specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), or may be a capability for each frequency (e.g., cell, band, BWP), or may be a capability for each frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), or may be a capability for each subcarrier spacing (SubCarrier Spacing (SCS)).

[0188] Furthermore, the specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied to all duplexing methods (commonly regardless of the duplexing method), or may be a capability for each duplexing method (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD) or Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0189] Furthermore, at least one operation of the above-described embodiment may be applied when the UE is configured with specific information related to the above-described embodiment by higher layer signaling. For example, the specific information may be information indicating that at least one operation of the above-described embodiment is enabled, any RRC parameter for a specific release (e.g., Rel. 18), etc.

[0190] If the UE does not support at least one operation of the specific UE capability or is not configured with the specific information, the UE may apply the operation of, for example, Rel. 15 / 16 / 17.

[0191] (Supplementary Notes) The following inventions are supplementary notes regarding one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Supplementary Note 1] A terminal having: a receiver that receives a configuration of a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for a shared channel; and a controller that applies a frequency domain (FD)-orthogonal cover code (OCC) having a length of 4 or 3 to the DMRS based on the configuration. [Supplementary Note 2] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 1, wherein the FD-OCC is applied across multiple physical resource blocks. [Supplementary Note 3] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 1 or Supplementary Note 2, wherein the FD-OCC is applied to multiple consecutive resource elements. [Supplementary Note 4] The terminal according to any one of Supplementary Notes 1 to 3, wherein the controller estimates a channel using the DMRS on multiple resource elements spanning multiple physical resource blocks.

[0192] (Wireless Communication System) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of the present disclosure or a combination thereof.

[0193] 34 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE) specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR), or the like.

[0194] The wireless communication system 1 may also support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0195] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the master node (Master Node (MN)), and the NR base station (gNB) is the secondary node (Secondary Node (SN)). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0196] The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity in which both the MN and SN are NR base stations (gNBs) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0197] The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with a relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) that are located within the macrocell C1 and form small cells C2 that are smaller than the macrocell C1. A user terminal 20 may be located within at least one of the cells. The locations and numbers of the cells and user terminals 20 are not limited to the embodiment shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when there is no need to distinguish between the base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0198] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CCs) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0199] Each CC may be included in at least one of a first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and a second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). The macro cell C1 may be included in FR1, and the small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band higher than 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may correspond to a higher frequency band than FR2.

[0200] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may perform communication using at least one of time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD) in each CC.

[0201] The multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (e.g., optical fiber compliant with the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), an X2 interface, etc.) or wirelessly (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between the base stations 11 and 12, the base station 11 corresponding to the upper station may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and the base station 12 corresponding to the relay station (relay) may be called an IAB node.

[0202] The base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 directly or via another base station 10. The core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), a Next Generation Core (NGC), and the like.

[0203] The user terminal 20 may be a terminal that supports at least one of communication methods such as LTE, LTE-A, and 5G.

[0204] An Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based radio access scheme may be used in the wireless communication system 1. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or the like may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL).

[0205] The radio access scheme may also be called a waveform. Note that in the wireless communication system 1, other radio access schemes (e.g., other single-carrier transmission schemes, other multi-carrier transmission schemes) may be used as the UL and DL radio access schemes.

[0206] In the wireless communication system 1, a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), etc. may be used as the downlink channel.

[0207] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), or the like may be used as an uplink channel.

[0208] The PDSCH transmits user data, higher layer control information, a System Information Block (SIB), etc. The PUSCH may transmit user data, higher layer control information, etc. Furthermore, the PBCH may transmit a Master Information Block (MIB).

[0209] Lower layer control information may be transmitted by the PDCCH. The lower layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) including scheduling information for at least one of the PDSCH and the PUSCH.

[0210] Note that the DCI for scheduling the PDSCH may be referred to as a DL assignment, a DL DCI, etc., and the DCI for scheduling the PUSCH may be referred to as a UL grant, a UL DCI, etc. Note that the PDSCH may be replaced with DL data, and the PUSCH may be replaced with UL data.

[0211] A control resource set (CORESET) and a search space may be used to detect the PDCCH. The CORESET corresponds to resources for searching for DCI. The search space corresponds to a search region and a search method for PDCCH candidates. One CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE may monitor the CORESET associated with a certain search space based on the search space configuration.

[0212] One search space may correspond to PDCCH candidates corresponding to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be referred to as a search space set. Note that the terms "search space," "search space set," "search space configuration," "search space set configuration," "CORESET," "CORESET configuration," and the like in the present disclosure may be read interchangeably.

[0213] The PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (which may be called, for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). The PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with a cell.

[0214] In the present disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc. may be expressed without adding "link." Also, various channels may be expressed without adding "Physical" to the beginning.

[0215] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc. may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, as the DL-RS, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc. may be transmitted.

[0216] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including an SS (PSS, SSS) and a PBCH (and a DMRS for the PBCH) may be referred to as an SS / PBCH block, an SS Block (SSB), or the like. Note that the SS, SSB, and the like may also be referred to as a reference signal.

[0217] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, a sounding reference signal (SRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), or the like may be transmitted as an uplink reference signal (UL-RS). Note that the DMRS may also be called a user equipment-specific reference signal (UE-specific reference signal).

[0218] (Base Station) Fig. 35 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transceiver unit 120, a transceiver antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that the base station may include one or more of each of the control unit 110, the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140.

[0219] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0220] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are explained based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0221] The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may control transmission and reception using the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140, measurement, etc. The control unit 110 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and transfer them to the transceiver unit 120. The control unit 110 may perform call processing (setting up, releasing, etc.) of communication channels, status management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, etc.

[0222] The transceiver unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transceiver unit 120 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0223] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be configured from a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be configured from a transmission processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may be configured from a reception processing unit 1212, the RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[0224] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates, such as an array antenna.

[0225] The transceiver 120 may transmit the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 120 may receive the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0226] The transceiver 120 may form at least one of the transmit beam and the receive beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0227] The transmitter / receiver unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer processing, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), Medium Access Control (MAC) layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0228] The transmitter / receiver unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0229] The transceiver unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transceiver antenna 130.

[0230] On the other hand, the transceiver unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transceiver antenna 130.

[0231] The transceiver 120 (reception processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, thereby acquiring user data, etc.

[0232] The transceiver 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

[0233] The transmission path interface 140 may transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between devices included in the core network 30, other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0234] The transmitting section and receiving section of the base station 10 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving section 120, the transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140.

[0235] The transceiver 120 may transmit a configuration of a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for a shared channel, and the controller 110 may apply a frequency domain (FD)-orthogonal cover code (OCC) having a length of 4 or 3 to the DMRS based on the configuration.

[0236] (User terminal) Fig. 36 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transceiver unit 220, and a transceiver antenna 230. Note that the user terminal 20 may include one or more of each of the control unit 210, the transceiver unit 220, and the transceiver antenna 230.

[0237] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0238] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0239] The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may control transmission and reception, measurement, etc. using the transceiver unit 220 and the transceiver antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals and transfer them to the transceiver unit 220.

[0240] The transceiver unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transceiver unit 220 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0241] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be composed of a transmission processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may be composed of a reception processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[0242] The transmitting / receiving antenna 230 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates, such as an array antenna.

[0243] The transceiver 220 may receive the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 220 may transmit the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0244] The transceiver unit 220 may form at least one of the transmit beam and the receive beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0245] The transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 210, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0246] The transmitter / receiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0247] Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the setting of transform precoding. When transform precoding is enabled for a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), the transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as the transmission processing to transmit the channel using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, and if not, it may not be necessary to perform DFT processing as the transmission processing.

[0248] The transceiver unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transceiver antenna 230.

[0249] On the other hand, the transceiver unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transceiver antenna 230.

[0250] The transceiver unit 220 (reception processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, and acquire user data, etc.

[0251] The transceiver 220 (measurement unit 223) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 may perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 may measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

[0252] The transmitting unit and receiving unit of the user terminal 20 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving unit 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0253] The transceiver 220 may receive a configuration of a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for a shared channel (e.g., PDSCH / PUSCH). The controller 210 may apply a frequency domain (FD)-orthogonal cover code (OCC) having a length of 4 or 3 to the DMRS based on the configuration.

[0254] The FD-OCC may be applied across multiple physical resource blocks.

[0255] The FD-OCC may be applied to a number of consecutive resource elements.

[0256] The control unit 210 may estimate a channel using the DMRS on multiple resource elements spanning multiple physical resource blocks.

[0257] (Hardware Configuration) Note that the block diagrams used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wires, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may be realized by combining software with the single device or the multiple devices.

[0258] Here, the functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, election, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, deeming, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission may be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. As described above, the implementation method of each is not particularly limited.

[0259] For example, a base station, a user terminal, etc. according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 37 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. The above-described base station 10 and user terminal 20 may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0260] In the present disclosure, the terms apparatus, circuit, device, section, unit, etc. may be used interchangeably. The hardware configurations of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the devices.

[0261] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing may be performed by one processor, or processing may be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, serially, or in other ways. Furthermore, processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips.

[0262] Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading specified software (programs) onto hardware such as a processor 1001 and a memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication via the communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0263] The processor 1001, for example, runs an operating system to control the entire computer. The processor 1001 may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, at least a part of the above-mentioned control unit 110 (210), transceiver unit 120 (220), etc. may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0264] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes in accordance with these. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and the other functional blocks may be implemented in a similar manner.

[0265] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured by at least one of, for example, Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically EEPROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, cache, main memory, etc. The memory 1002 may store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0266] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be composed of at least one of, for example, a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disc (e.g., a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray disc), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[0267] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, or a communication module. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmission / reception unit 120 (220), transmission / reception antenna 130 (230), etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004. The transmission / reception unit 120 (220) may be implemented as a transmission unit 120a (220a) and a reception unit 120b (220b) that are physically or logically separated.

[0268] The input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that accepts input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, a speaker, a light emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (e.g., a touch panel).

[0269] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0270] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized using this hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0271] (Modifications) Note that terms described in the present disclosure and terms necessary for understanding the present disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, a channel, a symbol, and a signal (signal or signaling) may be interchangeable. A signal may also be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS, and may also be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc. depending on the applicable standard. A component carrier (CC) may also be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0272] A radio frame may be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of the one or more periods (frames) constituting a radio frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0273] Here, the numerology may be a communication parameter applied to at least one of transmission and reception of a signal or channel, and may indicate at least one of, for example, Subcarrier Spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, Transmission Time Interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering performed by a transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing performed by a transceiver in the time domain.

[0274] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol) in the time domain. A slot may also be a time unit based on numerology.

[0275] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0276] A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals. The radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol. Note that the time units such as a frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol in the present disclosure may be interchangeable.

[0277] For example, one subframe may be referred to as a TTI, or multiple consecutive subframes may be referred to as a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be referred to as a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc. instead of a subframe.

[0278] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal in TTI units. Note that the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0279] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0280] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0281] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0282] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and greater than or equal to 1 ms.

[0283] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on numerology.

[0284] In addition, an RB may include one or more symbols in the time domain and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI, each of which may be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0285] In addition, one or more RBs may be referred to as a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a group / set / pair of PRB / RB, etc.

[0286] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0287] A Bandwidth Part (BWP), which may also be referred to as a partial bandwidth, may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a Common Reference Point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a BWP and numbered within the BWP.

[0288] The BWP may include a UL BWP (BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (BWP for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0289] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0290] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc. may be changed in various ways.

[0291] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by a predetermined index.

[0292] The names used for parameters and the like in this disclosure are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions and the like using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0293] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0294] Furthermore, information, signals, etc. may be output from a higher layer to a lower layer and / or from a lower layer to a higher layer. Information, signals, etc. may be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0295] Input and output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or added. Output information, signals, etc. may be deleted. Input information, signals, etc. may be transmitted to another device.

[0296] The notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information in the present disclosure may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB) and System Information Block (SIB)), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof.

[0297] Note that the physical layer signaling may be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, such as an RRC Connection Setup message or an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message. Furthermore, the MAC signaling may be notified using, for example, a MAC Control Element (CE).

[0298] Furthermore, notification of specified information (e.g., notification that "it is X") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be made implicitly (e.g., by not notifying the specified information or by notifying other information).

[0299] The determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value represented by true or false, or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0300] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0301] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0302] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably. A "network" may refer to devices included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0303] In the present disclosure, terms such as "precoding," "precoder," "weight (precoding weight)," "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)," "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)," "spatial relation," "spatial domain filter," "transmit power," "phase rotation," "antenna port," "antenna port group," "layer," "number of layers," "rank," "resource," "resource set," "resource group," "beam," "beam width," "beam angle," "antenna," "antenna element," "panel," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0304] In the present disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNB (eNodeB)," "gNB (gNodeB)," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," "component carrier," etc. may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, picocell, etc.

[0305] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be partitioned into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can be provided with communication service by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The terms "cell" or "sector" refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication service within that coverage.

[0306] In the present disclosure, a base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control / operate based on the information.

[0307] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0308] A mobile station may also be referred to as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0309] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0310] The mobile body is a movable object that can move at any speed and naturally includes cases where the mobile body is stationary. Examples of the mobile body include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile body may also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on an operation command.

[0311] The mobile object may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0312] 38 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, an RPM sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0313] The drive unit 41 is configured with at least one of an engine, a motor, and a hybrid of an engine and a motor, for example. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by a user.

[0314] The electronic control unit 49 is composed of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (for example, an input / output (IO) port) 63. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 49 from various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0315] The signals from the various sensors 50-58 include a current signal from a current sensor 50 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by a rotation speed sensor 51, an air pressure signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 54, a depression amount signal of the accelerator pedal 43 obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a depression amount signal of the brake pedal 44 obtained by a brake pedal sensor 56, an operation signal of the shift lever 45 obtained by a shift lever sensor 57, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 58.

[0316] The information service unit 59 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a display, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 60 or the like to provide various information / services (e.g., multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0317] The information service unit 59 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

[0318] The driving assistance system unit 64 includes various devices for providing functions to prevent accidents and reduce the driver's driving burden, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), Inertial Navigation Systems (INSs)), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize driving assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0319] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 transmits and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to and from the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and the various sensors 50-58, which are provided in the vehicle 40.

[0320] The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the base station 10 or the user terminal 20 described above. Furthermore, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 described above (or may function as at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20).

[0321] The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 59 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0322] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on an information service unit 59 provided in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 60 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0323] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, various sensors 50-58, and the like provided in the vehicle 40.

[0324] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a user terminal. For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, terms such as an uplink channel and a downlink channel may be read as a sidelink channel.

[0325] Similarly, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be read as a base station, in which case the base station 10 may be configured to have the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0326] In the present disclosure, an operation described as being performed by a base station may be performed by its upper node in some cases. It is apparent that in a network including one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (such as, but not limited to, a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc.), or a combination thereof.

[0327] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Furthermore, the order of the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be changed unless inconsistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the particular order presented.

[0328] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be a technology other than Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or decimal number)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.17 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.19 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.21 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.22 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.23 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.24 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.25 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.26 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.27 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.28 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.29 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.30 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.31 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.32 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.33 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802. The present invention may be applied to systems that use IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other suitable wireless communication methods, or to next-generation systems that are expanded, modified, created, or defined based on these. Furthermore, the present invention may be applied to a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G).

[0329] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0330] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

[0331] The term "determining" as used in this disclosure may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" may be considered to be judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, search, inquiry (e.g., looking up in a table, database, or another data structure), ascertaining, etc.

[0332] Additionally, "determining" may be considered to be "determining" receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc.

[0333] Also, "determination" may be considered to be "deciding" resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "determination" may be considered to be "deciding" some action.

[0334] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" may be read as "assuming," "expecting," "considering," or the like.

[0335] The "maximum transmit power" in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0336] As used in this disclosure, the terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access."

[0337] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to one another using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., as well as using electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, light (both visible and invisible) range, etc., as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0338] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0339] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when the term "or" is used in this disclosure, it is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0340] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0341] In the present disclosure, terms such as "less than or equal to," "less than," "greater than," "more than," "equal to," etc. may be interchangeable. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative, as expressions with "i-th" (i is an arbitrary integer) attached (for example, "highest" may be interchangeable with "i-th highest").

[0342] In this disclosure, the terms "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," "associated with," etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0343] Although the invention according to the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the invention according to the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure. The invention according to the present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the description of the claims. Therefore, the description of the present disclosure is intended to be illustrative and explanatory and does not impose any limiting meaning on the invention according to the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A receiving unit that receives a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) setting of an uplink shared channel (PUSCH) or a downlink shared channel (PDSCH); A control unit that controls a length of a frequency domain (FD)-orthogonal cover code (OCC) applied to the DMRS; The control unit applies FD-OCC having a length of 4 to the DMRS based on the setting.

2. The DMRS of the PUSCH or the PDSCH has a plurality of setting types, The terminal of claim 1 , wherein separate capabilities are reported for the plurality of configuration types.

3. The terminal described in claim 1, wherein the control unit does not assume that a PUSCH or PDSCH with an odd number of physical resource blocks (PRBs) is scheduled when an FD-OCC having a length of 4 is applied to the DMRS.

4. A step of receiving a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) setting for an uplink shared channel (PUSCH) or a downlink shared channel (PDSCH); and controlling a length of a frequency domain (FD)-orthogonal cover code (OCC) applied to the DMRS; A wireless communication method for a terminal, wherein an FD-OCC having a length of 4 is applied to the DMRS based on the setting.

5. A transmitter that transmits a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) setting for an uplink shared channel (PUSCH) or a downlink shared channel (PDSCH); A control unit that controls a length of a frequency domain (FD)-orthogonal cover code (OCC) applied to the DMRS; A base station, wherein an FD-OCC having a length of 4 is applied to the DMRS based on the setting.

6. A system including a terminal and a base station, The terminal A receiving unit that receives a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) setting of an uplink shared channel (PUSCH) or a downlink shared channel (PDSCH); A control unit that controls a length of a frequency domain (FD)-orthogonal cover code (OCC) applied to the DMRS; The control unit applies an FD-OCC having a length of 4 to the DMRS based on the setting, The base station The system includes a transmitter that transmits the configuration.