Layered body, method for manufacturing layered body, and virtual reality display device

Abstract

The present invention addresses the problem of providing: a layered body that enables, when introducing the layered body which includes a light-absorbing anisotropic layer to a virtual reality display device, the display performance of the virtual reality display device to be improved; a method for manufacturing the layered body; and a virtual reality display device. This layered body includes an alignment film and a light-absorbing anisotropic layer disposed on the alignment film, wherein: the light-absorbing anisotropic layer contains a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic substance; and the film thickness variation of the alignment film is no greater than 10%.

Description

Laminate, manufacturing method of laminate, and virtual reality display device

[0001] The present invention relates to a laminate, a method for manufacturing a laminate, and a virtual reality display device.

[0002] 2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, virtual reality display devices have become known as display devices that allow users to feel as if they are immersed in a virtual world by wearing a dedicated headset on their head and viewing images displayed through lenses.

[0003] Such virtual reality display devices generally have an image display panel and a Fresnel lens, but the distance from the image display panel to the Fresnel lens is large, which causes the headset to become thick and makes it difficult to wear. In consideration of the above problem, Patent Document 1 describes a lens configuration called a pancake lens, which has an image display panel, a reflective polarizer, and a half mirror, and which reduces the overall thickness of the headset by directing light emitted from the image display panel back and forth between the reflective polarizer and the half mirror.

[0004] Special Publication No. 2020-519964

[0005] The present inventors have found that in the virtual reality display devices described in Patent Document 1 and the like, depending on the optical components used, a virtual image is distorted due to undesired reflection of a portion of the light beam emitted from the image display panel, and the image is further enlarged and viewed as a distorted image, resulting in poor display performance. Furthermore, the present inventors have found that when an absorptive linear polarizer is introduced into a virtual reality display device, if a light-absorbing anisotropic layer containing a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic substance is used as the absorptive linear polarizer, providing at least one surface of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer adjacent to a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer causes a problem of poor durability, and therefore the light-absorbing anisotropic layer needs to be introduced in a state where it is laminated with another layer (e.g., an alignment film) (a laminate).

[0006] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a laminate including an optically absorbing anisotropic layer that can improve the display performance of a virtual reality display device when introduced into the virtual reality display device, a method for manufacturing the laminate, and a virtual reality display device.

[0007] As a result of intensive research aimed at achieving the above object, the present inventors have discovered that the display performance of a virtual reality display device can be improved by incorporating a laminate having an alignment film that satisfies a predetermined film thickness variation and an optically absorbing anisotropic layer into the virtual reality display device, and have completed the present invention. That is, the present inventors have discovered that the above object can be achieved by the following configuration.

[0008] [1] A laminate having an alignment film and an optically absorptive anisotropic layer provided on the alignment film, wherein the optically absorptive anisotropic layer contains a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic material, and wherein the thickness variation of the alignment film is 10% or less. [2] The laminate according to [1], wherein the dichroic material contains a dichroic azo dye compound having a thienothiazole skeleton. [3] The content of the dichroic material contained in the optically absorptive anisotropic layer is 40 to 250 mg / cm. ３ [4] The laminate according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the alignment film contains a polymer compound, and when the intensity of secondary ions derived from the polymer compound in the alignment film is measured by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry while irradiating an ion beam from the surface of the alignment film on the optically absorptive anisotropic layer side toward the surface opposite the optically absorptive anisotropic layer, the maximum value of the intensity of secondary ions derived from the polymer compound is present in a region from the surface opposite the optically absorptive anisotropic layer to a depth of 100 nm. [5] The laminate according to [4], wherein the polymer compound has a repeating unit represented by formula (2) described below. [6] The laminate according to [4], wherein a protective layer is provided on the side of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer opposite the alignment film, and the oxygen permeability coefficient of the protective layer is 200 cc / m ２ [7] The laminate according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the protective layer is made of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film. [8] The laminate according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the protective layer is made of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film. [9] The laminate according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the adhesive layer has an oxygen coefficient of 200 cc / m or less. ２The laminate according to [8], wherein the viscosity is 1 / 3 day·atm or less.

[10] The laminate according to any one of [1] to [9], having a curved surface.

[11] A method for producing the laminate according to any one of [1] to

[10] , comprising: an alignment film forming step of forming an alignment film on a substrate using a composition for forming an alignment film; an optically absorptive anisotropic layer forming step of forming an optically absorptive anisotropic layer on the alignment film after the alignment film forming step using a composition for forming an optically absorptive anisotropic layer containing a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic substance; and a substrate peeling step of peeling off the substrate after the optically absorptive anisotropic layer forming step to produce a laminate of the alignment film and the optically absorptive anisotropic layer.

[12] A method for producing the laminate, wherein the composition for forming an alignment film contains a polymer compound, and the absolute value of the difference between the SP value of the polymer compound and the SP value of the substrate is 1.7 MPa. １／２

[13] A method for producing a laminate according to

[11] , wherein the viscosity of the composition for forming an alignment film at 25°C is 2 mPa·s or more and less than 10 mPa·s.

[14] A method for producing a laminate according to any one of

[11] to

[13] , wherein the alignment film forming step includes a drying treatment of applying the composition for forming an alignment film on a substrate and then drying the coating film having a solid content concentration of 60% or less with air at a speed of 2 m / s or less.

[15] A virtual reality display device comprising an image display panel, a first absorbing linear polarizer, a first retardation layer, a reflective circular polarizer, a half mirror, a second retardation layer, and a second absorbing linear polarizer, in this order, wherein the second absorbing linear polarizer is the laminate according to any one of [1] to

[10] .

[0009] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a laminate including an optically absorbing anisotropic layer, which can improve the display performance of a virtual reality display device when introduced into the virtual reality display device, a method for manufacturing the laminate, and a virtual reality display device.

[0010] Fig. 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the variation in film thickness of an alignment film, and Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a virtual reality display device according to the present invention.

[0011] The present invention will be described in detail below. The following description of the constituent elements may be based on a representative embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment. In this specification, a numerical range expressed using "to" means a range that includes the numerical values ​​before and after "to" as the lower and upper limits. In this specification, each component may be a single substance corresponding to the component, or two or more substances may be used in combination. When two or more substances are used in combination for each component, the content of the component refers to the total content of the substances used in combination, unless otherwise specified. In this specification, "(meth)acrylic" is a notation that represents "acrylic" or "methacrylic."

[0012] In this specification, Re(λ) and Rth(λ) represent the in-plane retardation and the thickness direction retardation, respectively, at a wavelength λ. Unless otherwise specified, the wavelength λ is 550 nm. In this specification, Re(λ) and Rth(λ) are values ​​measured at a wavelength λ using an AxoScan (manufactured by Axometrics). Specifically, by inputting the average refractive index ((nx+ny+nz) / 3) and film thickness (d (μm)) into AxoScan, the following in-plane slow axis direction (°) is calculated: Re(λ) = R0(λ) Rth(λ) = ((nx+ny) / 2-nz)×d. Note that R0(λ) is displayed as a numerical value calculated by AxoScan, but it means Re(λ).

[0013] [Laminate] The laminate of the present invention has an alignment film and a light-absorbing anisotropic layer provided on the alignment film. The light-absorbing anisotropic layer of the laminate of the present invention contains a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic material. The alignment film of the laminate of the present invention has a thickness variation of 10% or less.

[0014] Here, the coefficient of variation of the alignment film refers to a value calculated by the following procedure. First, for a laminate including an alignment film (e.g., a laminate including a substrate, an alignment film, and a light-absorbing anisotropic layer), the reflectance is measured using an interference film thickness measuring device (e.g., an FE3000 manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.) at a lens magnification of 25x. Measurements are made at 101 points at an arbitrary distance of 10 cm and at 1 mm intervals. Furthermore, when the measurement target has a curved surface or the sample size is 10 cm or less, measurements are made by superimposing a straight line on the target, selecting the line that has the longest distance between the target and the line, and dividing the line into 100 equal parts to measure the thickness at each point. Next, for each layer of the alignment film-containing laminate, the refractive index at wavelengths of 400 nm to 800 nm is calculated using the fundamental analysis method, and then fitting is performed using the calculated refractive index at wavelengths of 400 nm to 800 nm using the FFT (fast Fourier transform) method to calculate the film thickness. The film thickness is measured in nm. Next, for the alignment film thickness graph (e.g., Figure 1) obtained by fitting, the region where the film thickness is thicker than the average film thickness (mean value) is designated as a peak, and the region where the film thickness is thinner than the average film thickness (mean value) is designated as a valley peak. The maximum value of the peak is designated as the peak thickness, and the minimum value of the valley peak is designated as the valley peak thickness. The difference between the adjacent peak and valley peak thicknesses is defined as the film thickness variation reference value for each element. The film thickness variations of all adjacent elements are calculated, and the maximum value is calculated as the film thickness variation reference value for the alignment film. If measurement using an interference film thickness measurement device is difficult, thickness can also be measured by morphological observation using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). In this case, the laminate including the optically absorptive anisotropic layer is cut with a microtome to expose a cross section, and the cross section is observed using the SEM at an appropriate magnification (20,000 to 50,000 times) to determine the film thickness of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer. For easier observation, the sample may be subjected to appropriate treatments such as carbon deposition or etching. The acceleration voltage is optimized at 1 kV to 10 kV. The laminate may be peeled off from a substrate such as a lens, or the cross section including the substrate may be cut. The measurement points were measured at nine points, excluding the edges, by dividing a line passing through the center of gravity in the plane into ten equal parts when the laminate was viewed in plan view, and the average film thickness of the alignment film and the film thickness fluctuation reference value of the alignment film were calculated in the same manner as above. Then, the film thickness fluctuation of the alignment film was calculated using the calculated film thickness fluctuation reference value of the alignment film according to the following formula:Fluctuation in thickness of alignment film (%) = (reference value for fluctuation in thickness of alignment film) ÷ (average thickness of alignment film).

[0015] When thickness can be measured by either an interference film thickness measuring device or morphological observation using an SEM, the film thickness variation value is determined based on the measurement results obtained by the interference film thickness measuring device.

[0016] As described above, when the laminate of the present invention, which includes an alignment film with a thickness variation of 10% or less and an optically absorbing anisotropic layer, is incorporated into a virtual reality display device, the display performance of the virtual reality display device can be improved. This is believed to be because the use of an alignment film with a thickness variation of 10% or less suppresses undesirable reflection of a portion of the light emitted from the display panel, thereby suppressing distortion of the virtual image. Furthermore, focusing on the alignment film, one of the many optical components used in virtual reality display devices, the effect of improving display performance by limiting its thickness variation to 10% or less can be said to be a significant effect (an effect that cannot be predicted). The alignment film and optically absorbing anisotropic layer contained in the laminate of the present invention are described below.

[0017] [Alignment Film] As described above, the alignment film of the laminate of the present invention is an alignment film having a film thickness variation of 10% or less, preferably an alignment film having a film thickness variation of more than 0% and not more than 6%, and more preferably an alignment film having a film thickness variation of more than 0% and not more than 3%.

[0018] The alignment film of the laminate of the present invention is not particularly limited in terms of the requirements other than that the film thickness variation be 10% or less, and may be a rubbed alignment film formed by rubbing treatment or a photo-alignment film formed by light irradiation, as long as it can bring the light absorption anisotropic layer described below into a desired alignment state. Among these, a photo-alignment film is preferred.

[0019] <Photo-alignment film> Photo-alignment compounds used in photo-alignment films formed by light irradiation are described in many documents, etc. In the present invention, for example, azo compounds described in JP-A Nos. 2006-285197, 2007-76839, 2007-138138, 2007-94071, 2007-121721, 2007-140465, 2007-156439, 2007-133184, 2009-109831, Japanese Patent Nos. 3883848 and 4151746, and azo compounds described in JP-A No. 2002-229039 are used. Preferred examples include the aromatic ester compounds described in JP-A Nos. 2002-265541 and 2002-317013, maleimide and / or alkenyl-substituted nadimide compounds having a photoalignment unit, photocrosslinkable silane derivatives described in Japanese Patent Nos. 4205195 and 4205198, and photocrosslinkable polyimides, polyamides, or esters described in Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 2003-520878, 2004-529220, or Japanese Patent No. 4162850. Azo compounds, photocrosslinkable polyimides, polyamides, or esters are more preferred.

[0020] Among these, it is preferable to use a photosensitive compound having a photo-alignment group that undergoes at least one of dimerization and isomerization under the action of light as the photo-alignment compound.In addition, as the photo-alignment group, for example, a group having a cinnamic acid (cinnamoyl) structure (skeleton), a group having a coumarin structure (skeleton), a group having a chalcone structure (skeleton), a group having a benzophenone structure (skeleton), and a group having an anthracene structure (skeleton) can be mentioned.Among these groups, a group having a cinnamoyl structure and a group having a coumarin structure are preferred, and a group having a cinnamoyl structure is more preferred.

[0021] The photosensitive compound having the photoalignable group may further have a crosslinkable group. The crosslinkable group is preferably a thermally crosslinkable group that undergoes a curing reaction under the action of heat, or a photocrosslinkable group that undergoes a curing reaction under the action of light, and may be a crosslinkable group having both a thermally crosslinkable group and a photocrosslinkable group. Examples of the crosslinkable group include an epoxy group, an oxetanyl group, -NH-CH ２ Examples of the group include at least one selected from the group consisting of a group represented by -O-R (R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms), a group having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond, and a blocked isocyanate group. Among these, an epoxy group, an oxetanyl group, and a group having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond are preferred. A three-membered cyclic ether group is also called an epoxy group, and a four-membered cyclic ether group is also called an oxetanyl group. Specific examples of the group having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond include a vinyl group, an allyl group, a styryl group, an acryloyl group, and a methacryloyl group, with an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group being preferred.

[0022] A photo-alignment film formed from the above materials is irradiated with linearly polarized or non-polarized light to produce a photo-alignment film. In this specification, "linearly polarized light irradiation" and "non-polarized light irradiation" refer to operations for causing a photoreaction in the photo-alignment material. The wavelength of the light used varies depending on the photo-alignment material used, and is not particularly limited as long as it is the wavelength necessary for the photoreaction. The peak wavelength of the light used for photoirradiation is preferably 200 nm to 700 nm, and ultraviolet light with a peak wavelength of 400 nm or less is more preferred.

[0023] Examples of light sources used for light irradiation include commonly used light sources, such as lamps such as tungsten lamps, halogen lamps, xenon lamps, xenon flash lamps, mercury lamps, mercury xenon lamps, and carbon arc lamps, various lasers [e.g., semiconductor lasers, helium-neon lasers, argon ion lasers, helium-cadmium lasers, and YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) lasers], light-emitting diodes, and cathode ray tubes.

[0024] As a means for obtaining linearly polarized light, a method using a polarizing plate (e.g., an iodine polarizing plate, a dichroic dye polarizing plate, and a wire grid polarizing plate), a method using a prism element (e.g., a Glan-Thompson prism) or a reflective polarizer utilizing the Brewster angle, or a method using light emitted from a polarized laser light source can be employed. Alternatively, a filter or a wavelength conversion element may be used to selectively irradiate only light of a required wavelength.

[0025] When the light to be irradiated is linearly polarized light, a method is adopted in which the light is irradiated from the top or back surface of the alignment film, perpendicular or oblique to the surface of the alignment film. The incident angle of the light varies depending on the photo-alignment material, but is preferably 0 to 90° (perpendicular), and more preferably 40 to 90°. When the light is non-polarized light, the alignment film is irradiated with non-polarized light obliquely. The incident angle is preferably 10 to 80°, more preferably 20 to 60°, and even more preferably 30 to 50°. The irradiation time is preferably 1 to 60 minutes, and more preferably 1 to 10 minutes.

[0026] When patterning is required, a method of irradiating light using a photomask the number of times required to form a pattern, or a method of writing a pattern by laser beam scanning can be used.

[0027] In the present invention, the alignment film is preferably a photo-alignment film formed using a composition for forming an alignment film containing a photo-alignment compound (particularly, a photosensitive compound having a photo-alignment group).

[0028] In the present invention, the alignment film-forming composition preferably contains a polymerization initiator, from the viewpoint of freely controlling the peelability of the alignment film from any member (e.g., a substrate) provided on the side opposite the optically absorbing anisotropic layer. The polymerization initiator is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include photoradical polymerization initiators and thermal cationic polymerization initiators, depending on the type of polymerization reaction. Photoradical polymerization initiators capable of initiating a polymerization reaction upon ultraviolet irradiation are preferred. Examples of photoradical polymerization initiators include α-carbonyl compounds, acyloin ethers, α-hydrocarbon-substituted aromatic acyloin compounds, polynuclear quinone compounds, combinations of triarylimidazole dimers and p-aminophenyl ketones, acridine and phenazine compounds, oxadiazole compounds, and acylphosphine oxide compounds. When the alignment film-forming composition contains a photoradical polymerization initiator, the content of the photoradical polymerization initiator is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, more preferably 1 to 5% by mass, based on the total solids content of the alignment film-forming composition. Furthermore, when the composition for forming an alignment film contains a thermal cationic polymerization initiator, the content of the thermal cationic polymerization initiator is preferably 1 to 30 mass %, more preferably 4 to 20 mass %, based on the total solid content of the composition for forming an alignment film.

[0029] Furthermore, in the present invention, the composition for forming an alignment film preferably contains a solvent. Examples of the solvent include ketones (e.g., acetone, 2-butanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclopentanone, and cyclohexanone), ethers (e.g., dioxane and tetrahydrofuran), aliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g., hexane), alicyclic hydrocarbons (e.g., cyclohexane), aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., toluene, xylene, and trimethylbenzene), halogenated carbons (e.g., dichloromethane, dichloroethane, dichlorobenzene, and chlorotoluene), esters (e.g., methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and butyl acetate), water, alcohols (e.g., ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, and cyclohexanol), cellosolves (e.g., methyl cellosolve and ethyl cellosolve), cellosolve acetates, sulfoxides (e.g., dimethyl sulfoxide), and amides (e.g., dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide). The solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0030] <Polymer Compound> In the present invention, in order to improve the peelability of the alignment film from any member (e.g., a substrate) provided on the side opposite the optically absorbing anisotropic layer, it is preferable that the alignment film contains a polymer compound, and that when the intensity of secondary ions derived from the polymer compound in the alignment film is measured by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) while irradiating the alignment film with an ion beam from the surface on the optically absorbing anisotropic layer side toward the surface opposite the optically absorbing anisotropic layer, the maximum value of the intensity of secondary ions derived from the polymer compound is present in a region up to a thickness of 100 nm from the surface on the side opposite the optically absorbing anisotropic layer. Here, when the alignment film contains two or more polymer compounds, it is sufficient that at least one of the polymer compounds is unevenly distributed on the side opposite the optically absorbing anisotropic layer. In the following description, the presence of the maximum value of the secondary ion intensity derived from the polymer compound in the region from the surface opposite the optical absorption anisotropic layer to a thickness position of 100 nm is also simply abbreviated as "the polymer compound is unevenly distributed on the side opposite the optical absorption anisotropic layer." Furthermore, a method for confirming that the polymer compound is unevenly distributed on the side opposite the optical absorption anisotropic layer includes a method of evaluating the position where the secondary ion intensity derived from the polymer compound shows a maximum value using TOF-SIMS. Specifically, when analyzing the components in the depth direction of the laminate using TOF-SIMS while irradiating an ion beam, a series of operations is performed, in which a component analysis is performed in a surface depth region of 1 to 2 nm, and then a further digging in the depth direction of 1 nm to several hundred nm is performed to perform a component analysis in the next surface depth region of 1 to 2 nm. This can be confirmed by repeating this series of operations, based on the position where the ion intensity shows a maximum value.

[0031] In the present invention, the polymer compound preferably has a repeating unit represented by the following formula (2) for the reason that the polymer compound has good releasability from any member (e.g., a substrate) provided on the opposite side of the alignment film from the optically absorptive anisotropic layer. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of freely controlling the releasability from any member (e.g., a substrate) provided on the opposite side of the alignment film from the optically absorptive anisotropic layer, the polymer compound is preferably at least one specific compound selected from the group consisting of polymerizable polymers having polymerizable groups in their side chains and polymers of the polymerizable polymers.

[0032] (Specific Compound) Regarding the polymerizable polymer, which is one embodiment of the specific compound, the polymerizable group possessed in the side chain is not particularly limited, but a polymerizable group capable of radical polymerization or cationic polymerization is preferred. Here, examples of the radical polymerizable group (photocrosslinkable group) include (meth)acryloyl group, acrylamide group, vinyl group, styryl group, and allyl group. Furthermore, examples of the cationic polymerizable group (thermal crosslinkable group) include vinyl ether group, oxiranyl group, and oxetanyl group.

[0033] In the present invention, the polymerizable group is preferably a (meth)acryloyl group, from the viewpoint of easily controlling the peelability of the alignment film from any member (for example, a substrate) provided on the side opposite the light absorption anisotropic layer.

[0034] In the present invention, it is preferable that the polymerizable polymer does not have a photoalignment group as explained in the photoalignment compound described above.

[0035] The structure of the main chain of the polymerizable polymer is not particularly limited, and may be a known structure, for example, a skeleton selected from the group consisting of a (meth)acrylic skeleton, a styrene skeleton, a siloxane skeleton, a cycloolefin skeleton, a methylpentene skeleton, an amide skeleton, and an aromatic ester skeleton. Among these, a skeleton selected from the group consisting of a (meth)acrylic skeleton, a siloxane skeleton, and a cycloolefin skeleton is more preferred, and a (meth)acrylic skeleton is even more preferred.

[0036] In the present invention, it is preferable that the polymerizable polymer has a repeating unit represented by the following formula (1), because this improves the peelability of the alignment film from any member (e.g., a substrate) provided on the opposite side of the light absorption anisotropic layer.

[0037]

[0038] R １ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. １ represents a single bond or an (n+1)-valent linking group. For example, when n is 1, L １ represents a divalent linking group, and when n is 2, L １ represents a trivalent linking group. １ is a single bond, n represents 1. Examples of the divalent linking group include a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent (e.g., an alkylene group), an arylene group which may have a substituent, a heteroarylene group which may have a substituent, -O-, -CO-, -NH-, or a group combining two or more of these. Examples of the above group combining two or more of these include a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may have a -CO-O- substituent, -O-, a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may have a -CO-O- substituent, -NH-, and a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may have a -CO-O- substituent, and a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may have a -O-CO-NH- substituent. Examples of the trivalent linking group include a trivalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, a trivalent aromatic group which may have a substituent, a nitrogen atom (>N-), and a group combining these groups with the above divalent linking group.

[0039] P １ represents a polymerizable group. Examples of the polymerizable group include the above-mentioned radically polymerizable or cationic polymerizable groups.

[0040] n represents an integer of 1 or more. In particular, n is preferably 1 or 2, and more preferably 1, because this improves the peelability of the alignment film from any member (e.g., a substrate) provided on the opposite side of the light absorption anisotropic layer.

[0041] The content of the repeating unit represented by the formula (1) is preferably 20% by mass or more, more preferably 30% by mass or more, and even more preferably 50% by mass or more, based on the total mass of all repeating units of the polymerizable polymer. The upper limit is not particularly limited, but may be 100% by mass, and is often 95% by mass or less.

[0042] Examples of the repeating unit represented by the above formula (1) include the repeating units shown in Table 1 below, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0043]

[0044] The polymerizable polymer may have other repeating units in addition to the repeating unit represented by the above formula (1). Examples of the other repeating units include repeating units represented by the following formula (2), which improve the peelability of the alignment film from any member (e.g., a substrate) provided on the opposite side of the light absorption anisotropic layer.

[0045]

[0046] R ２ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. ２ represents a single bond or a divalent linking group. The divalent linking group is the same as that described above for L １ Examples of the divalent linking group represented by R include the groups exemplified above. ３ represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, or —CH ２represents a group in which one or more -'s have been substituted with -O-, -S-, -NH-, -N(Q)-, or -CO-. Q represents a substituent. The number of carbon atoms contained in the aliphatic hydrocarbon group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 20, and more preferably 1 to 10. The aliphatic hydrocarbon group may be linear or branched. The aliphatic hydrocarbon group may also have a cyclic structure. The substituent is not particularly limited, but examples include an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkyl-substituted alkoxy group, a cyclic alkyl group, an aryl group (e.g., a phenyl group and a naphthyl group), a cyano group, an amino group, a nitro group, an alkylcarbonyl group, a sulfo group, and a hydroxyl group.

[0047] When the polymerizable polymer contains other repeating units, the content of the other repeating units (for example, the repeating units represented by the above formula (2)) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 80% by mass or less, more preferably 50% by mass or less, and even more preferably 30% by mass or less, based on the total mass of all repeating units of the polymerizable polymer. The lower limit is not particularly limited, but may be 5% by mass or more.

[0048] Examples of other repeating units include the repeating units shown in Table 2 below, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0049]

[0050] In the present invention, for the reasons of improving the peelability of the alignment film from any member (e.g., a substrate) provided on the side opposite the light absorption anisotropic layer and ensuring solubility in a coating solution, the weight-average molecular weight of the polymer compound is preferably 5,000 to 100,000, and more preferably 7,500 to 50,000. Here, the weight-average molecular weight is a value measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) under the following conditions. Solvent (eluent): THF (tetrahydrofuran) Apparatus name: TOSOH HLC-8320GPC Column: Three TOSOH TSKgel Super HZM-H (4.6 mm x 15 cm) connected together Column temperature: 40°C Sample concentration: 0.1% by mass Flow rate: 1.0 ml / min Calibration curve: A calibration curve using seven samples of TSK standard polystyrene manufactured by TOSOH with Mw = 2,800,000 to 1,050 (Mw / Mn = 1.03 to 1.06) was used.

[0051] In the present invention, it is preferable that the polymer compound is a polymer of the polymerizable polymer, i.e., a crosslinked product of the polymerizable polymer, among the specific compounds, because this improves the peelability of the alignment film from any component (e.g., a substrate) provided on the opposite side of the light absorption anisotropic layer.

[0052] In the present invention, for the reason that the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer described later is increased, the content of the polymer compound is preferably 0.2 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.3 to 10% by mass, and even more preferably 0.4 to 8% by mass, relative to the mass of the alignment film.

[0053] <Surfactant> In the present invention, it is preferable that the alignment film (particularly the photo-alignment film) contains a surfactant, because when the laminate of the present invention is incorporated into a virtual reality display device, the display performance of the virtual reality display device can be further improved. The inclusion of a surfactant is expected to improve the smoothness of the coating surface, further improve the degree of alignment, and suppress repelling and unevenness, thereby improving in-plane uniformity. In particular, because repelling is suppressed when forming a light absorption anisotropic layer on the alignment film, a polymer having a repeating unit B described in paragraphs

[0037] to

[0053] of WO 2022 / 024683 (hereinafter abbreviated as "acid-cleavable surfactant") can be suitably used as the surfactant.

[0054] The thickness of the alignment film is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 10 μm, more preferably 0.5 to 5 μm.

[0055] [Light-absorbing anisotropic layer] The light-absorbing anisotropic layer of the laminate of the present invention is a light-absorbing anisotropic layer provided on the above-mentioned alignment film, containing a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic substance, and is preferably a layer in which the alignment states of the liquid crystal compound and the dichroic substance are fixed. The liquid crystal compound, dichroic substance, and optional components contained in the light-absorbing anisotropic layer will be described below.

[0056] <Liquid Crystal Compound> Both polymeric liquid crystal compounds and low molecular weight liquid crystal compounds can be used as liquid crystal compounds. Here, "polymeric liquid crystal compound" refers to a liquid crystal compound having a repeating unit in its chemical structure. Furthermore, "low molecular weight liquid crystal compound" refers to a liquid crystal compound having no repeating units in its chemical structure. Examples of polymeric liquid crystal compounds include the thermotropic liquid crystal polymers described in JP 2011-237513 A and the polymeric liquid crystal compounds described in paragraphs

[0012] to

[0042] of WO 2018 / 199096 A. Examples of low molecular weight liquid crystal compounds include the liquid crystal compounds described in paragraphs

[0072] to

[0088] of JP 2013-228706 A, with liquid crystal compounds exhibiting smectic properties being preferred. Examples of such liquid crystal compounds include those described in paragraphs

[0019] to

[0140] of WO 2022 / 014340 A, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0057] The content of the liquid crystal compound is preferably from 50 to 99% by mass, more preferably from 75 to 90% by mass, based on the total mass of the light absorption anisotropic layer.

[0058] <Dichroic Material> In the present invention, the dichroic material refers to a dye whose absorbance varies depending on the direction. The dichroic material may or may not exhibit liquid crystallinity.

[0059] The dichroic substance is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include visible light absorbing substances (dichroic dyes), luminescent substances (fluorescent substances, phosphorescent substances), ultraviolet absorbing substances, infrared absorbing substances, nonlinear optical substances, carbon nanotubes, and inorganic substances (e.g., quantum rods), and any conventionally known dichroic substance (dichroic dye) can be used. Specifically, for example, paragraphs

[0067] to

[0071] of JP 2013-228706 A, paragraphs

[0008] to

[0026] of JP 2013-227532 A, paragraphs

[0008] to

[0015] of JP 2013-209367 A, paragraphs

[0045] to

[0058] of JP 2013-14883 A, paragraphs

[0012] to

[0029] of JP 2013-109090 A, paragraphs

[0009] to

[0017] of JP 2013-101328 A, Paragraphs

[0051] to

[0065] of JP 2013-37353 A, paragraphs

[0049] to

[0073] of JP 2012-63387 A, paragraphs

[0016] to

[0018] of JP 11-305036 A, paragraphs

[0009] to

[0011] of JP 2001-133630 A, paragraphs

[0030] to

[0169] of JP 2011-215337 A, paragraphs

[0021] to

[0075] of JP 2010-106242 A, paragraphs

[0016] to

[0018] of JP 2010-215846 A

[0011] to

[0025] paragraphs,

[0017] to

[0069] paragraphs of JP 2011-048311 A,

[0013] to

[0133] paragraphs of JP 2011-213610 A,

[0074] to

[0246] paragraphs of JP 2011-237513 A,

[0005] to

[0051] paragraphs of JP 2016-006502 A,

[0014] to

[0032] paragraphs of JP 2018-053167 A, and

[0014] to

[0033] paragraphs of JP 2020-11716 A paragraphs

[0005] to

[0041] of International Publication No. 2016 / 060173, paragraphs

[0008] to

[0062] of International Publication No. 2016 / 136561, paragraphs

[0014] to

[0033] of International Publication No. 2017 / 154835, paragraphs

[0014] to

[0033] of International Publication No. 2017 / 154695, paragraphs

[0013] to

[0037] of International Publication No. 2017 / 195833, paragraphs

[0014] to

[0034] of International Publication No. 2018 / 164252,Examples include those described in paragraphs

[0021] to

[0030] of International Publication No. 2018 / 186503, paragraphs

[0043] to

[0063] of International Publication No. 2019 / 189345, paragraphs

[0043] to

[0085] of International Publication No. 2019 / 225468, paragraphs

[0050] to

[0074] of International Publication No. 2020 / 004106, and paragraphs

[0015] to

[0038] of International Publication No. 2021 / 044843.

[0060] In the present invention, from the viewpoint of enhancing dichroism, it is preferable to use a dichroic azo dye compound as the dichroic substance, and it is more preferable to use a dichroic azo dye compound having a thienothiazole skeleton. A dichroic azo dye compound refers to an azo dye compound whose absorbance varies depending on the direction. A dichroic azo dye compound may or may not exhibit liquid crystallinity. When a dichroic azo dye compound exhibits liquid crystallinity, it may exhibit either nematic or smectic properties. The temperature range in which the liquid crystal phase is exhibited is preferably room temperature (approximately 20 to 28°C) to 300°C, and more preferably 50 to 200°C from the viewpoints of handleability and manufacturing suitability.

[0061] In the present invention, from the viewpoint of adjusting color hue, it is preferable to use at least one dye compound (first dichroic azo dye compound) having a maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 560 to 700 nm, and at least one dye compound (second dichroic azo dye compound) having a maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 455 nm or more and less than 560 nm.

[0062] In the present invention, three or more kinds of dichroic azo dye compounds may be used in combination. For example, in order to make the light absorption anisotropic layer closer to black, it is preferable to use a first dichroic azo dye compound, a second dichroic azo dye compound, and at least one dye compound (third dichroic azo dye compound) having a maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 380 nm or more and less than 455 nm in combination.

[0063] In the present invention, the dichroic azo dye compound preferably has a crosslinkable group, such as a (meth)acryloyl group, an epoxy group, an oxetanyl group, or a styryl group, with a (meth)acryloyl group being preferred.

[0064] The content of the dichroic material is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3% by mass or more, more preferably 8% by mass or more, and even more preferably 10% by mass or more, relative to the total mass of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer, because this increases the degree of orientation of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer that is formed. The upper limit of the content of the dichroic material is not particularly limited, but is preferably 30% by mass or less, more preferably 29% by mass or less, and even more preferably 25% by mass or less, relative to the total mass of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer. When multiple dichroic materials are used in combination, the total amount of the multiple dichroic materials is preferably within the above-mentioned range. Furthermore, the content of the dichroic material is preferably 10 to 400 mg / cm, because this increases the degree of orientation of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer that is formed. ３ is preferably 30 to 300 mg / cm ３ More preferably, it is 40 to 250 mg / cm ３ When a plurality of dichroic substances are used in combination, the total amount of the dichroic substances is preferably in the above-mentioned range. ３ The dichroic substance content can be obtained by measuring a solution in which an optically absorptive anisotropic layer is dissolved or an extract obtained by immersing an optically absorptive layer in a solvent using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), but is not limited to the above method. Quantification can be performed using the dichroic substance contained in the optically absorptive anisotropic layer as a standard sample. One example of a method for calculating the content of the dichroic substance is to calculate the volume by multiplying the thickness of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer obtained from a microscopic image of the cross section of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer by the area of ​​the optically absorptive layer used to measure the amount of dye, and then dividing the volume by the amount of dye measured by HPLC to calculate the dye content.

[0065] The thickness of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 10 μm, more preferably 0.5 to 5 μm.

[0066] <Method for Manufacturing Optically Absorbent Anisotropic Layer> The method for manufacturing the optically absorptive anisotropic layer is not particularly limited. However, in order to achieve a higher degree of alignment of the dichroic material, a method (hereinafter also referred to as the present manufacturing method) that includes, in order, a step of applying a composition for forming an optically absorptive anisotropic layer containing a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic material onto the above-described alignment film to form a coating film (hereinafter also referred to as the "coating film forming step") and a step of orienting the liquid crystal component contained in the coating film (hereinafter also referred to as the "orientation step") is preferred. Note that the liquid crystal component is a component that includes not only the above-described liquid crystal compound but also a dichroic material having liquid crystallinity. Each step will be described below.

[0067] The coating film forming step is a step of forming a coating film by applying the above-mentioned optically absorbing anisotropic layer-forming composition onto an alignment film. By using the optically absorbing anisotropic layer-forming composition containing the above-mentioned solvent, or by using the optically absorbing anisotropic layer-forming composition in a liquid form such as a molten liquid by heating, it becomes easy to apply the optically absorbing anisotropic layer-forming composition onto the alignment film. Examples of methods for applying the optically absorbing anisotropic layer-forming composition include known methods such as roll coating, gravure printing, spin coating, wire bar coating, extrusion coating, direct gravure coating, reverse gravure coating, die coating, spraying, and inkjet printing.

[0068] The orientation process is a process for orienting the liquid crystal components (especially the dichroic material) contained in the coating film. In the orientation process, it is considered that the dichroic material is oriented along the liquid crystal compound oriented by the orientation film. The orientation process may include a drying process. The drying process can remove components such as solvent from the coating film. The drying process may be performed by leaving the coating film at room temperature for a predetermined time (for example, natural drying), or by heating and / or blowing air.

[0069] The orientation step preferably includes a heat treatment. This further aligns the dichroic material contained in the coating film, thereby increasing the degree of orientation of the dichroic material. From the viewpoint of manufacturability, the heat treatment is preferably performed at a temperature of 10 to 250°C, more preferably 25 to 190°C. The heating time is preferably 1 to 300 seconds, more preferably 1 to 60 seconds.

[0070] The orientation step may include a cooling treatment carried out after the heating treatment. The cooling treatment is a treatment in which the coated film after heating is cooled to about room temperature (20 to 25°C). This further fixes the orientation of the dichroic material contained in the coated film, thereby increasing the degree of orientation of the dichroic material. The cooling method is not particularly limited and can be carried out by a known method. A light absorption anisotropic layer can be obtained by the above steps.

[0071] The present manufacturing method may include a step of curing the optically absorptive anisotropic layer (hereinafter also referred to as a "curing step") after the alignment step. The curing step is performed, for example, by heating and / or light irradiation (exposure). Among these, the curing step is preferably performed by light irradiation. Various light sources such as infrared light, visible light, or ultraviolet light can be used as the light source for curing, but ultraviolet light is preferred. Furthermore, ultraviolet light may be irradiated while heating during curing, or ultraviolet light may be irradiated through a filter that transmits only specific wavelengths. Furthermore, exposure may be performed in a nitrogen atmosphere. When the curing of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer proceeds by radical polymerization, exposure in a nitrogen atmosphere is preferred because inhibition of polymerization by oxygen is reduced.

[0072] [Protective Layer] In the laminate of the present invention, a protective layer having an oxygen permeability coefficient of 200 cc / m is provided on the side of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer opposite to the alignment film for the reason of improving durability. ２ It is preferable that the protective layer has an oxygen permeability coefficient of 50 cc / m or less. ２It is more preferable that the membrane has a protective layer with a permeability of 1000 psi (1000 psi) or less. Furthermore, if there is another layer other than the protective layer that has properties equivalent to those of the protective layer, the protective layer need not be provided. Here, the oxygen permeability coefficient is an index representing the amount of oxygen passing through the membrane per unit time and unit area. In the present invention, the value measured using an oxygen concentration analyzer (e.g., Model 3600 manufactured by Hack Ultra Analytical) under an environment of 25°C and 50% relative humidity (RH) is used.

[0073] Specific examples of the protective layer include films containing organic compounds such as polyvinyl alcohol resins, polyethylene vinyl alcohol resins, polyvinyl ethers, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid, cellulose ethers, polyamides, polyimides, styrene / maleic acid copolymers, gelatin, vinylidene chloride, and cellulose nanofibers. Among these, polyvinyl alcohol resin films or polyethylene vinyl alcohol resin films are preferred, and polyvinyl alcohol resin films are more preferred, due to their high oxygen blocking ability.

[0074] The organic compound contained in the protective layer may be a polymerizable compound with high hydrogen bonding ability or a compound having many polymerizable groups per molecular weight, for example, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate or dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate, because of its high oxygen blocking function.

[0075] Examples of polymerizable compounds with high hydrogen bonding properties include epoxy compounds, and specific examples include compounds represented by the following formula. Among these, 3',4'-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate represented by CEL2021P below is preferred.

[0076]

[0077] As the protective layer, from the viewpoint of preventing diffusion of the dichroic dye in the light absorption anisotropic layer during durability, it is also preferable to use a polymer having a hydrophilic group described in paragraph

[0056] of WO2019-22121 or a water-soluble polymer described in paragraphs

[0117] to

[0133] of JP2017-083483A.

[0078] [Adhesive Layer] The laminate of the present invention may or may not have a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. Examples of the pressure-sensitive adhesive constituting the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer include pressure-sensitive adhesives and adhesives. Examples of pressure-sensitive adhesives include rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, acrylic-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, silicone-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, urethane-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, vinyl alkyl ether-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, polyvinyl alcohol-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, polyvinylpyrrolidone-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, polyacrylamide-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, and cellulose-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, with acrylic-based pressure-sensitive adhesives (pressure-sensitive adhesives) being preferred. Examples of adhesives include aqueous adhesives, solvent-based adhesives, emulsion-based adhesives, solventless adhesives, active energy ray-curable adhesives, and heat-curable adhesives. Examples of active energy ray-curable adhesives include electron beam-curable adhesives, ultraviolet ray-curable adhesives, and visible light-curable adhesives, with ultraviolet ray-curable adhesives being preferred.

[0079] The thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of thinning, it is preferably 25 μm or less, more preferably 15 μm or less, and even more preferably 5 μm or less. The lower limit is not particularly limited, and it is often 0.1 μm or more.

[0080] From the viewpoint of simplifying the structure of the laminate and making it thinner, it is also preferable to provide the adhesive layer with a function of improving the durability of the protective layer, thereby forming a structure in which the optically absorbing anisotropic layer and the adhesive layer are adjacent to each other without providing a protective layer. For example, a structure in which the alignment layer, the optically absorbing anisotropic layer, the adhesive layer, and the retardation layer are arranged adjacent to each other in this order can be mentioned. In addition, the adhesive layer may be provided with a function of preventing the diffusion of the dichroic dye in the optically absorbing anisotropic layer during durability. In order to exert the above-mentioned diffusion prevention function, for example, the adhesive layer may have an oxygen permeability coefficient of 200 cc / m ２ ·day·atm or less, and the oxygen permeability coefficient is 50 cc / m ２Examples of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer having the diffusion prevention function include an adhesive containing polyvinyl alcohol as a main component, a UV adhesive with low oxygen permeability, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive having a hydrophilic group-containing polymer.

[0081] [Method for manufacturing laminate] The method for manufacturing a laminate of the present invention comprises an alignment film forming step of forming an alignment film on a substrate using a composition for forming an alignment film, an optically absorbing anisotropic layer forming step of forming an optically absorbing anisotropic layer on the alignment film after the alignment film forming step using a composition for forming an optically absorbing anisotropic layer containing a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic substance, and a substrate peeling step of peeling off the substrate after the optically absorbing anisotropic layer forming step to produce a laminate of the alignment film and the optically absorbing anisotropic layer. Each step of the method for manufacturing a laminate of the present invention will be described below.

[0082] [Alignment film forming step] <Substrate> The substrate used in the alignment film forming step is not particularly limited, and a known substrate can be used. In particular, it is preferable to use a transparent substrate. Note that the transparent substrate refers to a substrate having a visible light transmittance of 60% or more, and the transmittance is preferably 80% or more, and more preferably 90% or more.

[0083] Examples of the substrate include glass substrates and polymer films. Examples of materials for the polymer film include cellulose-based polymers; acrylic polymers having acrylic acid ester polymers such as polymethyl methacrylate and lactone ring-containing polymers; thermoplastic norbornene-based polymers; polycarbonate-based polymers; polyester-based polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate; styrene-based polymers such as polystyrene and acrylonitrile-styrene copolymers; polyolefin-based polymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and ethylene-propylene copolymers; vinyl chloride-based polymers; amide-based polymers such as nylon and aromatic polyamides; imide-based polymers; sulfone-based polymers; polyethersulfone-based polymers; polyetheretherketone-based polymers; polyphenylene sulfide-based polymers; vinylidene chloride-based polymers; vinyl alcohol-based polymers; vinyl butyral-based polymers; arylate-based polymers; polyoxymethylene-based polymers; epoxy-based polymers; or polymers containing a mixture of these polymers. The substrate may also be a peelable substrate (temporary support).

[0084] Among these, a polymer film using a cellulose polymer, particularly a cellulose acylate polymer (cellulose acylate film) is preferred.

[0085] The thickness of the substrate is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 100 μm, more preferably 30 to 80 μm.

[0086] <Composition for forming alignment film> The composition for forming alignment film is not particularly limited. For example, when forming a photo-alignment film, which is a preferred embodiment of the alignment film, examples thereof include a composition containing a photo-alignment compound (particularly, a photosensitive compound having a photo-alignment group), a polymerization initiator, and a solvent, as described above.

[0087] In the present invention, the composition for forming an alignment film contains the above-mentioned polymer compound, and the absolute value of the difference between the SP value of the above-mentioned polymer compound and the SP value of the above-mentioned substrate is 1.7 MPa, for the reason that the substrate can be easily peeled off in the substrate peeling step described later.１／２ It is preferable that the SP value is equal to or less than δp. The lower limit is not particularly limited, but may be 0. Here, the SP value refers to the non-dispersion force component δa of the SP value calculated by the method of Hoy et al. (see "PROPERTIES OF POLYMERS (ED. 3)" by VAN KREVELEN, D.W., Elsevier Publishing (1990)). In other words, the δa value can be calculated by the following formula (X) using the three-dimensional SP values ​​(δd, δp, δh) calculated by the method of Hoy et al. δa = (δp ２ +δh ２ ) ０．５ According to the method of Hoy et al., the values ​​of δd, δp, and δh can be calculated from the chemical structural formula of the compound to be determined. In the case of a copolymer consisting of multiple repeating units, the square of the three-dimensional SP value of each repeating unit (δd ２ , δp ２ , δh ２ ) by the volume fraction of each repeating unit to obtain the sum of the squared three-dimensional SP value of the copolymer (δd ２ , δp ２ , δh ２ ) and then substituting this into the above formula (X), the δa value of the copolymer can be determined.

[0088] In the present invention, the viscosity of the composition for forming an alignment film at 25° C. is preferably 2 mPa·s or more and less than 10 mPa·s, and more preferably 2 mPa·s or more and 5 mPa·s or less, because this makes it easy to adjust the film thickness variation of the alignment film to 10% or less. Here, the viscosity of the composition for forming an alignment film at 25° C. can be measured using a cone-plate rotational viscometer in accordance with JIS Z 8803 (2011).

[0089] Furthermore, in the present invention, because it becomes easier to adjust the film thickness variation of the alignment film to 10% or less, the alignment film formation step preferably includes a drying treatment in which, after applying the alignment film-forming composition to the substrate, the coating film having a solids concentration of 60% or less is dried with air at a wind speed of 2 m / s or less. Here, the wind speed in the drying treatment is preferably 2.0 m / s or less, and more preferably 1.0 m / s or less. Furthermore, the drying treatment may be performed not only on coating films having a solids content of 60% or less by mass, but also on coating films having a solids content of more than 60% by mass, i.e., on coating films immediately after applying the alignment film-forming composition to the substrate.

[0090] In the present invention, the method for forming an alignment film using the composition for forming an alignment film is not particularly limited except for the viscosity of the composition for forming an alignment film and the drying treatment, and can adopt a conventionally known method. Specifically, when forming a photo-alignment film, which is a preferred embodiment of the alignment film, it can be produced by, for example, a coating step of applying the composition for forming an alignment film on the substrate to form a first coating film, a drying step of heating the first coating film to dry and remove the organic solvent, thereby forming a first dry film on the substrate, and a light irradiation step of irradiating the first dry film with polarized ultraviolet light (UV) or non-polarized UV from an oblique direction to the coating film surface, thereby forming a photo-alignment film from the first dry film.

[0091] <Coating Step> The coating method in the coating step is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples thereof include spin coating, die coating, gravure coating, flexographic printing, and inkjet printing.

[0092] <Drying Step> The temperature in the drying step is not particularly limited as long as it is a temperature at which the organic solvent contained in the first coating film can be dried and removed, but when the composition for forming an alignment film contains a polymerization initiator, from the viewpoint of inducing a polymerization reaction, it is preferably 120 to 160° C., and more preferably 130 to 150° C. Furthermore, the time for the drying step is not particularly limited as long as it is a temperature at which the organic solvent contained in the first coating film can be dried and removed, but when the composition for forming an alignment film contains a polymerization initiator, it is preferably 30 seconds to 5 minutes, and more preferably 1 minute to 3 minutes, from the viewpoint of sufficiently progressing the polymerization reaction.

[0093] <Light Irradiation Step> In the light irradiation step, the polarized light irradiated onto the first dried coating film is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include linearly polarized light, circularly polarized light, and elliptically polarized light, among which linearly polarized light is preferred. Furthermore, the "oblique direction" in which unpolarized light is irradiated is not particularly limited as long as it is a direction inclined at a polar angle θ (0<θ<90°) with respect to the normal direction of the coating film surface, and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but it is preferable that θ is 20 to 80°.

[0094] The wavelength of the polarized or unpolarized light is not particularly limited as long as it can impart alignment control ability to the liquid crystal molecules to the first dried coating, and examples include ultraviolet light, near ultraviolet light, and visible light. Among these, near ultraviolet light of 250 nm to 450 nm is particularly preferred. Examples of light sources for irradiating polarized or unpolarized light include xenon lamps, high-pressure mercury lamps, ultra-high-pressure mercury lamps, and metal halide lamps. The wavelength range of the ultraviolet or visible light obtained from such light sources can be limited by using an interference filter or color filter. Linear polarization can also be obtained by using a polarizing filter or polarizing prism on the light from these light sources.

[0095] The integrated amount of polarized or unpolarized light is not particularly limited as long as it can impart alignment control ability to the liquid crystal molecules to the first dried coating film. ２ is preferred, and 5 to 100 mJ / cm ２The illuminance of polarized or unpolarized light is not particularly limited as long as it can impart alignment control ability to the liquid crystal molecules to the first dried coating film, but is preferably 0.1 to 300 mW / cm. ２ is preferred, and 1 to 100 mW / cm ２ is more preferred.

[0096] [Virtual reality display device] One example (first embodiment) of the virtual reality display device of the present invention includes an image display panel, a first absorbing linear polarizer, a first retardation layer, a reflective circular polarizer, a half mirror, a second retardation layer, and a second absorbing linear polarizer, in this order. Another example (second embodiment) includes an image display panel, a first absorbing linear polarizer, a first retardation layer, a second retardation layer, a reflective linear polarizer, a third retardation layer, a half mirror, and a second absorbing linear polarizer, in this order. Another example (third embodiment) includes an image display panel, a first absorbing linear polarizer, a first retardation layer, a half mirror, a reflective circular polarizer, a second retardation layer, and a second absorbing linear polarizer, in this order. Another example (fourth aspect) is a virtual reality display device having, in this order, an image display panel, a first absorbing linear polarizer, a first retardation layer, a half mirror, a second retardation layer, a reflective linear polarizer, and a second absorbing linear polarizer. In the virtual reality display device of the present invention, the second absorbing linear polarizer is the laminate of the present invention described above. The virtual reality display device of the present invention preferably has a third retardation layer between the image display panel and the first absorbing linear polarizer. The virtual reality display device of the present invention also preferably has a fourth retardation layer on the viewing side of the second absorbing linear polarizer.

[0097] Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a virtual reality display device of the present invention. The virtual reality display device 100 shown in Figure 2 is a virtual reality display device that has, in this order, an image display panel 70, a first absorbing linear polarizer 21, a first retardation layer 11, a reflective circular polarizer 30, a half mirror 40, a second retardation layer 12, and a second absorbing linear polarizer 22. The virtual reality display device 100 shown in Figure 2 also has a third retardation layer 13 between the image display panel 70 and the first absorbing linear polarizer 21. The virtual reality display device 100 shown in Figure 2 also has an antireflection layer 50 and a positive C plate 60.

[0098] [Image Display Panel] As the image display panel, a known image display panel can be used. For example, a display panel in which minute self-luminous light emitters are arranged on a transparent substrate, such as an organic electroluminescence display panel, an LED (Light Emitting Diode) display panel, or a micro LED display panel; a liquid crystal display panel; or the like can be used. In the following description, an organic electroluminescence display device is also referred to as an OLED. OLED is an abbreviation for "Organic Light Emitting Diode."

[0099] [First to third retardation layers] The retardation layers have the function of converting the emitted light into approximately linearly polarized light when circularly polarized light is incident. For example, a λ / 4 retardation layer having an Re of approximately ¼ wavelength at any wavelength in the visible range can be used, and in this case, the in-plane retardation Re(550) at a wavelength of 550 nm is preferably 120 nm to 150 nm, more preferably 125 nm to 145 nm, and even more preferably 135 nm to 140 nm. In addition, a retardation layer having an Re of approximately ¾ wavelength or approximately ¾ wavelength is also preferable because it can convert linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light.

[0100] Furthermore, it is preferable that the retardation layer has reverse dispersion with respect to wavelength. Reverse dispersion is preferable because it makes it possible to convert circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light over a wide wavelength range in the visible region. Here, having reverse dispersion with respect to wavelength means that the value of retardation at that wavelength increases as the wavelength increases. A retardation layer having reverse dispersion can be produced by uniaxially stretching a polymer film such as a modified polycarbonate resin film having reverse dispersion, for example, with reference to JP 2017-049574 A. Furthermore, a retardation layer having reverse dispersion may be produced as long as it has substantially reverse dispersion. For example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 6259925, it can also be produced by laminating a retardation layer having an Re of approximately 1 / 4 wavelength and a retardation layer having an Re of approximately 1 / 2 wavelength so that their slow axes form an angle of approximately 60°. In this case, even if the ¼ wavelength retardation layer and the ½ wavelength retardation layer each have normal dispersion (the retardation value at a wavelength decreases as the wavelength increases), it is known that they can convert circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light over a wide wavelength range in the visible range, and can be considered to have substantially reverse dispersion.

[0101] It is also preferable that the retardation layer has a layer formed by fixing a uniformly aligned liquid crystal compound. For example, a layer in which a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound is uniformly aligned horizontally relative to the in-plane direction, or a layer in which a discotic liquid crystal compound is uniformly aligned perpendicularly to the in-plane direction can be used. Furthermore, for example, referring to JP-A-2020-084070, a retardation layer having reverse dispersion can also be produced by uniformly aligning and fixing a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound having reverse dispersion.

[0102] In addition, the retardation layer also preferably has the layer that is made by fixing the liquid crystal compound that is twisted and aligned with thickness direction as helical axis.For example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 5753922 or Japanese Patent No. 5960743, the retardation layer can also have the layer that is made by fixing the rod-shaped liquid crystal compound or discotic liquid crystal compound that is twisted and aligned with thickness direction as helical axis, and in this case, the retardation layer can be regarded as having substantially reverse dispersion, so it is preferable.

[0103] The thickness of the retardation layer is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of thinning, it is preferably 0.1 to 8 μm, and more preferably 0.3 to 5 μm.

[0104] [Positive C Plate Layer] The positive C plate is preferably a positive C plate having a thickness direction retardation (Rth(550)) of −150 to −50 nm at a wavelength of 550 nm. By including such a positive C plate, light leakage and coloring in the oblique viewing direction of the display device can be further suppressed. The thickness direction retardation (Rth(550)) of the positive C plate at a wavelength of 550 nm is −150 to −50 nm, preferably −130 to −60 nm, and more preferably −120 to −70 nm.

[0105] The thickness of the positive C plate is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 to 10 μm, more preferably 0.5 to 5 μm, from the viewpoint of achieving a thinner film. When providing the positive C plate, the positive C plate alone may be provided by transfer or coating, or other functional layers may be provided together with the positive C plate as needed. Such functional layers may be a protective film, a hard coat layer, or a cushion layer. As the protective film, any of the films listed above as protective films for polarizers may be used.

[0106] The material constituting the positive C plate is not particularly limited, but it is preferably formed from a composition containing a liquid crystal compound. Forming it from a polymerizable liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable liquid crystal compound is preferred in terms of increasing durability over time and the degree of alignment order. Such a positive C plate can typically be obtained by vertically aligning a rod-shaped polymerizable liquid crystal compound contained in the polymerizable liquid crystal composition and fixing the alignment state by polymerization. It can also be formed from a composition containing a side-chain polymer liquid crystal compound as the liquid crystal compound.

[0107] [Absorptive Linear Polarizer] An absorptive linear polarizer is an absorptive polarizer that absorbs linearly polarized light in the absorption axis direction of incident light and transmits linearly polarized light in the transmission axis direction. A typical absorptive linear polarizer can be used, and for example, it may be a polarizer in which a dichroic substance is dyed onto polyvinyl alcohol or other polymer resin and then oriented by stretching, or a polarizer in which a dichroic substance is oriented by utilizing the orientation of a liquid crystal compound. From the viewpoints of availability and increasing the degree of polarization, a polarizer in which polyvinyl alcohol is dyed with iodine and then stretched is preferred. In the present invention, the laminate of the present invention described above is used as the second absorptive linear polarizer.

[0108] The thickness of the absorbing linear polarizer is preferably 10 μm or less, more preferably 7 μm or less, and even more preferably 5 μm or less. A thin absorbing linear polarizer can prevent cracking or breakage of the film when the laminated optical film is stretched or molded. The single-plate transmittance of the absorbing linear polarizer is preferably 40% or more, more preferably 42% or more. The degree of polarization is preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more, and even more preferably 99% or more. In this specification, the single-plate transmittance and degree of polarization of the absorbing linear polarizer are measured using an automatic polarizing film measuring device: VAP-7070 (manufactured by JASCO Corporation). The direction of the transmission axis of the absorbing linear polarizer preferably coincides with the direction of the polarization axis of light converted into linearly polarized light by the retardation layer. For example, when the absorbing retardation layer has a λ / 4 retardation, the angle between the transmission axis of the absorbing linear polarizer and the slow axis of the λ / 4 retardation layer is preferably approximately 45°.

[0109] [Half Mirror] The half mirror is a conventionally known half mirror that transmits approximately half of the incident light and reflects the remaining half. The transmittance of the half mirror is preferably 50±30%, more preferably 50±10%, and most preferably 50%. Examples of half mirrors include a substrate made of a transparent resin such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), cycloolefin polymer (COP), or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), or glass, on which a reflective layer made of a metal such as silver or aluminum is disposed. The reflective layer made of a metal such as silver or aluminum can be formed on the surface of the substrate by vapor deposition or the like. The thickness of the reflective layer is preferably 1 to 20 nm, more preferably 2 to 10 nm, and even more preferably 3 to 6 nm. Furthermore, it is preferable that the substrate does not have a phase difference. From this perspective, the substrate of the half mirror is preferably cycloolefin polymer (COP), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), or glass.

[0110] [Reflective Circular Polarizer] A reflective circular polarizer is a polarizer that transmits right-handed or left-handed circularly polarized light and reflects circularly polarized light having the opposite rotation direction to the transmitted circularly polarized light. An example of a reflective circular polarizer is a reflective circular polarizer having a cholesteric liquid crystal layer. The cholesteric liquid crystal layer is a liquid crystal phase formed by fixing a cholesterically oriented liquid crystal phase (cholesteric liquid crystal phase).

[0111] As is well known, a cholesteric liquid crystal layer has a helical structure in which liquid crystal compounds are spirally rotated and stacked. One helical period (a 360° rotation of the liquid crystal compounds) is defined as one helical period (helical period), and the helical period is a stack of multiple helically rotated liquid crystal compounds. The cholesteric liquid crystal layer reflects right-handed or left-handed circularly polarized light in a specific wavelength range and transmits other light depending on the length of the helical period and the helical rotation direction (sense) of the liquid crystal compounds. Therefore, when the virtual reality display device displays color images, the reflective circular polarizer may have multiple cholesteric liquid crystal layers, such as a cholesteric liquid crystal layer having a central wavelength that selectively reflects red light, a cholesteric liquid crystal layer having a central wavelength that selectively reflects green light, and a cholesteric liquid crystal layer having a central wavelength that selectively reflects blue light.

[0112] When the reflective circular polarizer has a cholesteric liquid crystal layer, it may have a support and an alignment film for aligning the liquid crystal compound in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer.

[0113] The thickness of the reflective circular polarizer may be adjusted appropriately depending on the type of reflective circular polarizer, etc., to a thickness that can sufficiently reflect polarized light that should be reflected and sufficiently transmit polarized light that should be transmitted.

[0114] [Reflective Linear Polarizer] The virtual reality display device of the present invention may include a reflective linear polarizer. In some optical systems, the reflective linear polarizer reflects a portion of the light emitted from the image display panel and causes it to travel back and forth within the optical system, thereby lengthening the optical path length. From the viewpoint of suppressing stray light and ghosting, a reflective linear polarizer with a high degree of polarization is preferred. As the reflective linear polarizer, a film obtained by stretching a dielectric multilayer film, such as that described in JP 2011-053705 A, or a wire grid polarizer, can be used. As commercially available products, reflective polarizers manufactured by 3M (product names APF, IQPE) and wire grid polarizers manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation (product name WGF) can be suitably used.

[0115] The virtual reality display device of the present invention can use a curved substrate as a base material (for example, a member between the second retardation layer 12 and the half mirror 40 in FIG. 2).

[0116] Here, a curved surface shape refers to a shape with a curvature greater than zero, and includes curved and three-dimensional curved surface shapes that are developable. A developable surface refers to a surface that can be developed into a plane without stretching or contracting any of its parts. A developable surface refers to a surface that can be developed into a plane without stretching or contracting any of its parts. Examples of curved surface shapes include surfaces that correspond to part or all of a cylindrical circumferential surface, an elliptical cylindrical circumferential surface, a conical circumferential surface, and an elliptical conical circumferential surface, and may be either a convex or concave curved surface. A three-dimensional curved surface refers to a curved surface that cannot be formed by deformation of a plane, i.e., a curved surface that is not developable. Examples of three-dimensional curved surface shapes include surfaces that correspond to part or all of a sphere or an elliptical sphere, and surfaces that correspond to part or all of a curved surface whose cross section is a parabola or hyperbola, and may be either a convex or concave curved surface. Note that a curved substrate may have at least a curved shape, and may have a shape that combines a flat shape and a curved shape, or may be entirely curved. Furthermore, the curved surface shape included in the curved substrate may consist of only one of a developable curved surface shape or a three-dimensional curved surface shape, or may consist of a combination of a developable curved surface and a three-dimensional curved surface, or a combination of a developable curved surface and / or a three-dimensional curved surface and a flat surface.

[0117] In one aspect of the present invention, the curved surface shape of the curved substrate is preferably lenticular. A lenticular curved surface shape refers to a curved surface shape having a constant curvature in all directions on the curved surface. Examples of lenticular curved surfaces include a spherical surface, an elliptical spherical surface, a hemispherical surface, and a semi-elliptical spherical surface, and the lenticular surface may be a convex lens shape or a concave lens shape.

[0118] In one embodiment of the present invention, the curved substrate preferably satisfies formula (1): 20 mm ≦ R ≦ 300 mm (1) [In formula (1), R represents the radius of curvature of the portion of the curved substrate with the smallest curvature.] Formula (1) means that the radius of curvature of the most gently curved surface of the curved substrate is 20 mm or more and 300 mm or less. The radius of curvature R of the portion of the curved substrate with the smallest curvature (hereinafter simply referred to as "radius of curvature R") may be, for example, 250 mm or less, or 200 mm or less. Furthermore, the radius of curvature R is more preferably 25 mm or more, and even more preferably 30 mm or more. When the radius of curvature R is equal to or greater than the above lower limit, lamination properties are more likely to be improved.

[0119] The radius of curvature R' of the portion of the curved substrate with the greatest curvature (hereinafter simply referred to as "radius of curvature R'") is preferably 10 mm or more, more preferably 15 mm or more, even more preferably 20 mm or more, particularly preferably 25 mm or more, and especially preferably 30 mm or more. The radius of curvature R' may be, for example, 250 mm or less, 200 mm or less, or 150 mm or less. Note that when the curved surface shape included in the curved substrate is a shape having the same curvature in all directions of the curved surface, such as a lens-like curved surface shape, the radius of curvature R'' is usually equal to or greater than the lower limit of the radius of curvature R' and equal to or less than the upper limit of the radius of curvature R.

[0120] The curved substrate is not particularly limited as long as it is made of a material that can form a desired curved shape, and may be appropriately selected from known materials depending on the desired curved shape, the use of the polarizing plate, etc. Examples include glass substrates, film substrates, and metal substrates. From the viewpoint of ease of forming various curved shapes, the curved substrate is preferably made of a glass substrate or a film substrate, more preferably a glass substrate or a resin film substrate.

[0121] Examples of the light-transmitting substrate include a glass substrate and a transparent resin film substrate. Examples of the resin constituting the resin film substrate include polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and norbornene-based polymers; polyvinyl alcohol; polyethylene terephthalate; polymethacrylic acid esters; polyacrylic acid esters; cellulose esters; polyethylene naphthalate; polycarbonate; polysulfone; polyethersulfone; polyetherketone; polyphenylene sulfide; and polyphenylene oxide. From the viewpoint of forming a polarizer, a glass substrate or a material having a similar hardness is suitable as the substrate.

[0122] The surface of the front substrate may be subjected to a surface treatment such as corona treatment or plasma treatment, a release treatment such as silicone treatment, etc. Furthermore, the surface of the substrate on the side on which the polarizer is not laminated may be subjected to a hard coat treatment, an antireflection treatment, an antistatic treatment, etc.

[0123] The thickness of the curved substrate may be determined appropriately depending on the shape of the curved surface, the material constituting the curved substrate, the intended use of the virtual reality display device, etc. The entire curved substrate may have the same thickness or different thicknesses. The thickness of the curved substrate is, for example, 30 μm to 5 cm, preferably 100 μm to 3.5 cm, and more preferably 500 μm to 3 cm.

[0124] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples. The materials, amounts used, ratios, treatment contents, treatment procedures, etc. shown in the following examples can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited by the examples shown below.

[0125] (First embodiment of the virtual reality display device)

[0126] [Example 1] [Preparation of Substrate 1] The following composition was charged into a mixing tank, stirred, and heated at 90°C for 10 minutes. The resulting composition was then filtered through filter paper with an average pore size of 34 μm and a sintered metal filter with an average pore size of 10 μm to prepare a dope. The solid content of the dope was 23.5% by mass, the amount of plasticizer added was the ratio relative to the cellulose acylate, and the solvent for the dope was methylene chloride / methanol / butanol = 81 / 18 / 1 (mass ratio).

[0127] ------------------------------------------------ Cellulose acylate dope -------------------------------------------------- Cellulose acylate (acetyl substitution degree 2.86, viscosity average degree of polymerization 310) 100 parts by mass Sugar ester compound 1 (formula (S4) below) 6.0 parts by mass Sugar ester compound 2 (formula (S5) below) 2.0 parts by mass Silica particle dispersion (AEROSIL R972, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) 0.1 part by mass Solvent (methylene chloride / methanol / butanol) 351.9 parts by mass --------------------------------------------------

[0128]

[0129]

[0130] The dope prepared above was cast using a drum film-forming machine. The dope was cast from a die onto a metal support cooled to 0°C, and the resulting web (film) was then peeled off from the drum. The drum was made of SUS (stainless steel).

[0131] The web (film) obtained by casting was peeled from the drum and then dried for 20 minutes in a tenter apparatus, in which both ends of the web were clipped and conveyed at 30 to 40°C during film conveyance. Subsequently, the web was post-dried by zone heating while conveying with a roll. The obtained web was knurled and then wound up to form Substrate 1. The obtained Substrate 1 had a film thickness of 60 μm, an in-plane retardation Re(550) of 1 nm at a wavelength of 550 nm, and a thickness direction retardation Rth(550) of 35 nm at a wavelength of 550 nm.

[0132] [Preparation of Photo-Alignment Film B1] The composition B1 for forming a photo-alignment film described later was continuously applied to the substrate 1 using a wire bar. The support on which the coating film was formed was dried for 120 seconds with hot air at 140°C and a wind speed of 1 m / s, and then the coating film was irradiated with polarized ultraviolet light (10 mJ / cm ２ , using an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp), a photo-alignment film B1 was prepared, and a substrate 1 with a photo-alignment film was obtained. The film thickness of the photo-alignment film B1 was 1.5 μm. As shown in Table 3 below, the solids concentration of the photo-alignment film-forming composition B1 was 20%, and the viscosity was 3.5 mPa·s. Furthermore, when the secondary ion intensity derived from the polymer compound PB-1 was measured for the prepared photo-alignment film using TOF-SIMS by the method described above, it was confirmed that the polymer compound PB-1 was unevenly distributed on the side opposite to the light absorption anisotropy layer (substrate 1 side). Furthermore, the absolute value of the difference between the SP value of the polymer compound PB-1 in the photo-alignment film-forming composition B1 and the SP value of the substrate 1 was 1.5 MPa. １／２ It was.

[0133] ------------------------------------------------ Composition of composition B1 for forming photo-alignment film------------------------------------------------ Polymer PA-1 (photo-alignment compound) below: 100.00 parts by mass EPICLON N-695 (manufactured by DIC Corporation) 55.74 parts by mass jER YX7400 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) 18.75 parts by mass Polymer compound PB-1 below: 8.01 parts by mass Thermal cationic polymerization initiator PAG-1 below: 16.75 parts by mass Stabilizer DIPEA below: 1.06 parts by mass Acid-cleavable surfactant SA-1 below: 0.50 parts by mass Butyl acetate 803 parts by mass------------------------------------------------

[0134] Polymer PA-1 (photoalignment compound) (weight average molecular weight: 32,000) (wherein the numerical value for each repeating unit represents the content (mass%) of each repeating unit relative to all repeating units.)

[0135] Thermal cationic polymerization initiator PAG-1

[0136] Stabilizer DIPEA

[0137] High molecular compound PB-1 (weight average molecular weight: 18000)

[0138] Acid-cleavable surfactant SA-1 (The numerical value shown for each repeating unit indicates the content (mass%) of each repeating unit relative to all repeating units. The weight-average molecular weight was 78,000.)

[0139] [Formation of Optically Absorbent Anisotropic Layer C1] A composition for forming an optically absorptive anisotropic layer C1 having the following composition was continuously applied to the obtained photo-alignment film B1 using a wire bar to form a coating film. The coating film was then heated at 140°C for 15 seconds, followed by heat treatment at 80°C for 5 seconds, and cooled to room temperature (23°C). The coating film was then heated at 75°C for 60 seconds and cooled again to room temperature. Thereafter, the coating film was irradiated with light at 300 mJ using an LED (light emitting diode) lamp (center wavelength 365 nm) to form an optically absorptive anisotropic layer C1 (polarizer) (thickness: 1.8 μm) on the photo-alignment film B1. The total content of the first dichroic material Dye-C1, the second dichroic material Dye-M1, and the third dichroic material Dye-Y1 contained in the optically absorptive anisotropic layer C1 was 220 mg / cm. ３ The transmittance of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer C1 in the wavelength range of 280 to 780 nm was measured using a spectrophotometer, and the average visible light transmittance was found to be 42%. The absorption axis of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer C1 was in the plane of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer C1 and was perpendicular to the width direction of the cellulose acylate film A1.

[0140] 0.65 parts by mass of the first dichroic substance Dye-C1 described below 0.15 parts by mass of the second dichroic substance Dye-M1 described below 0.52 parts by mass of the third dichroic substance Dye-Y1 described below 2.69 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound L-1 described below 1.15 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound L-2 described below 0.17 parts by mass of the adhesion improver A-1 described below 0.17 parts by mass of the polymerization initiator IRGACUREOXE-02 (manufactured by BASF) 0.013 parts by mass of the surfactant F-1 described below 92.14 parts by mass of cyclopentanone 2.36 parts by mass of benzyl alcohol ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[0141] Dichroic substance Dye-C1

[0142] Dichroic substance Dye-M1

[0143] Dichroic substance Dye-Y1

[0144] Liquid crystal compound L-1 (weight average molecular weight: 18,000) (In the following formula, the numerical values ​​("59", "15", "26") shown for each repeating unit represent the content (% by mass) of each repeating unit relative to all repeating units.)

[0145] Liquid crystal compound L-2 (a mixture of the following liquid crystal compounds (RA), (RB), and (RC) in a mass ratio of 84:14:2)

[0146] Adhesion improver A-1

[0147] Surfactant F-1 (weight average molecular weight: 15,000) (wherein the numerical value for each repeating unit represents the content (mass%) of each repeating unit relative to the total repeating units. Ac represents —C(O)CH ３ means.)

[0148] [Formation of Protective Layer D1] Coating solution D2 having the following composition was continuously applied onto the optically absorptive anisotropic layer C1 using a wire bar. This was then dried for 5 minutes with hot air at 80°C to obtain a laminate having a 0.6 µm-thick protective layer D1 made of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), i.e., a laminate 1 having a substrate 1 (substrate), a photo-alignment film B1, an optically absorptive anisotropic layer C1, and a protective layer D1 adjacent to each other in this order. The oxygen permeability coefficient of the protective layer D1 was 6 cc / m ２ ・day・ATM.

[0149] -------------------------------------------------- Composition of coating liquid D1 for forming protective layer -------------------------------------------------- 3.31 parts by mass of modified polyvinyl alcohol shown below 0.17 parts by mass of initiator IRGACURE 2959 (manufactured by BASF) 0.07 parts by mass of glutaraldehyde 0.07 parts by mass of pyridinium paratoluenesulfonate 0.05 parts by mass of surfactant F-9 shown below 74.0 parts by mass of water 22.4 parts by mass of ethanol --------------------------------------------------

[0150] Modified polyvinyl alcohol (weight average molecular weight: 28,000) (In the formula below, the numerical value for each repeating unit represents the content (% by mass) of each repeating unit relative to all repeating units.)

[0151] Surfactant F-9

[0152] Example 2 A laminate 2 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the acid-cleavable surfactant SA-1 contained in the composition for forming a photo-alignment film was replaced with the surfactant F-1 (weight average molecular weight: 15,000) shown below. <Surfactant F-1>

[0153] Example 3 A laminate 3 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the protective layer D1 was not formed.

[0154] Example 4 A laminate 4 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the acid-cleavable surfactant SA-1 was not blended into the composition for forming a photo-alignment film.

[0155] Example 5 Laminate 5 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the acid-cleavable surfactant SA-1 was not blended into the composition for forming a photo-alignment film, the amount of butyl acetate blended was adjusted to a solids concentration of 10%, and the viscosity was set to 1.1 mPa s.

[0156] Comparative Example 1 A laminate H1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 5, except that the wind speed during drying after applying the composition for forming a photo-alignment film was changed from 1 m / s to 6 m / s.

[0157] Example 6 Formation of Optically Absorbent Anisotropic Layer C2 The following components were mixed and stirred at 80° C. for 1 hour to obtain a composition C2 for forming an optically absorptive anisotropic layer. ------------------------------------------------ Composition C2 for forming optically absorptive anisotropic layer ------------------------------------------------ 75 parts by mass of polymerizable liquid crystal compound (1-6) below 25 parts by mass of polymerizable liquid crystal compound (1-7) below 3 parts by mass of dichroic substance A1 below 3 parts by mass of dichroic substance A2 below 1 part by mass of dichroic substance A3 below 1 part by mass of dichroic substance A4 below 6 parts by mass of 2-dimethylamino-2-benzyl-1-(4-morpholinophenyl)butan-1-one (Irgacure 369, manufactured by BASF) 1.2 parts by mass of polyacrylate compound (BYK-361N, manufactured by BYK-Chemie) 250 parts by mass of o-xylene Of these dichroic substances, dichroic substances A3 and A4 have maximum absorption wavelengths in the wavelength range of 550 to 700 nm.

[0158] Polymerizable liquid crystal compound (1-6)

[0159] Polymerizable liquid crystal compound (1-7)

[0160] Dichroic substance A1

[0161] Dichroic substance A2

[0162] Dichroic substance A3

[0163] Dichroic substance A4

[0164] Next, a composition C1 for forming an optically absorbing anisotropic layer was applied using a slot die coater onto the photo-alignment film B1 of the substrate 1 with a photo-alignment film prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, to form a coating film. The solvent was removed by transporting the substrate through a ventilated drying oven set at 110°C for 2 minutes, and then the substrate was rapidly cooled to form a dry film. Then, ultraviolet light was applied at 1000 mJ / cm using a high-pressure mercury lamp. ２ The polymerizable liquid crystal contained in the dried film was cured by irradiation with light having a wavelength of 365 nm, thereby forming an optically absorptive anisotropic layer C2. The total content of the dichroic materials A1 to A4 contained in the optically absorptive anisotropic layer C2 was 50 mg / cm. ３ It was.

[0165] Next, a protective layer D1 similar to that in Example 1 was formed on the optically absorbing anisotropic layer C2, thereby obtaining a laminate 6 having a substrate 1 (substrate), a photo-alignment film B1, an optically absorbing anisotropic layer C2, and a protective layer D1 adjacent to each other in this order.

[0166] [Evaluation] [Film Thickness Fluctuation] The film thickness fluctuation of the alignment film was calculated for each of the prepared laminates by the method described above. The results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0167] [Display Performance] <Preparation of Retardation Layer 1> A reverse dispersion retardation layer 1 was prepared with reference to the method described in paragraphs

[0151] to

[0163] of JP 2020-084070 A. The retardation layer 1 had Re = 146 nm and Rth = 73 nm.

[0168] <Preparation of Virtual Reality Display Device> A virtual reality device with the configuration shown in FIG. 2 was prepared, and its operation as a virtual reality device was confirmed. The virtual reality device was then disassembled, and the second absorbing linear polarizer, second retardation layer, and half mirror on the viewing side of FIG. 2 were removed. Next, a commercially available laminate film (PAC-3J-30H, thickness 30 μm, manufactured by San-A Kaken Co., Ltd.) was attached to the protective layer (optically absorbing anisotropic layer for the laminate prepared in Example 3) side of each prepared laminate, and the substrate 1 was peeled off. Next, a retardation layer 1 was attached to the exposed photo-alignment film side of the laminate using a Lintec adhesive sheet "NCF-D692(5)." Next, a PMMA half mirror was prepared, and the retardation layer side of the laminate was attached to the surface opposite the reflective surface of the half mirror using a Lintec adhesive sheet "NCF-D692(5)." The laminate film was then peeled off, and the prepared half mirror was incorporated into a virtual reality display device.

[0169] <Evaluation of VR image distortion> A black and white checkered pattern was displayed on the image display panel of the manufactured virtual reality display device, and the degree of VR image distortion was visually evaluated using the following three-point scale. The results are shown in Table 3 below. A: No visible distortion of the VR image B: Slight visible distortion of the VR image, but not noticeable C: Visible distortion of the VR image, but no practical problem D: Clearly visible distortion of the VR image

[0170] [Durability] A Lintec adhesive sheet "NCF-D692(5)" was attached to the protective layer D (or the optically absorptive anisotropic layer for the laminate prepared in Example 3) side of each prepared laminate. A commercially available cellulose acylate film, trade name "Fujitac TG40UL" (Fujifilm Corporation), was attached as a transparent substrate film, and the substrate 1 was then peeled off. Next, a Lintec adhesive sheet "NCF-D692(5)" was attached to the peeled surface of the substrate 1 to prepare a sample attached to glass. The sample was placed in a thermo-hygrostat and stored at 65°C and 90% RH for 500 hours for a durability test. The change in transmittance ΔT was calculated from the transmittance values ​​before and after the durability test. The closer the ΔT value is to 0, the better the durability. A to C indicate a practically acceptable level. The results are shown in Table 3 below. A: The change in transmittance is 0.0% or more and less than 1.0%. B: The change in transmittance is 1.0% or more and less than 3.0%. C: The change in transmittance is 3.0% or more and less than 5.0%. D: The change in transmittance is 5.0% or more.

[0171] [Cleaning] 1 m of the obtained laminate film ２ The number of cissings in the sample was counted. Here, cissings were defined as areas on the surface of the photo-alignment film layer where no optically absorbing anisotropic layer was formed. Based on the results, evaluation was made according to the following criteria. A to B indicates a practically acceptable level. The results are shown in Table 3 below. A: cissings of 3 or less B: cissings of more than 3 but not more than 10 C: cissings of more than 10

[0172]

[0173] The results shown in Table 3 indicate that using a laminate with an alignment film thickness variation of more than 10% results in distorted virtual images (VR images) and poor display performance (Comparative Example 1). In contrast, using a laminate in which the alignment film thickness variation was 10% or less by changing the viscosity and drying conditions of the alignment film-forming composition resulted in improved display performance (Examples 1 to 6). In particular, a comparison of Examples 1, 2, and 4 indicates that incorporating an acid-cleavable surfactant into the alignment film-forming composition can suppress repelling during the formation of the light-absorption anisotropic layer. Furthermore, a comparison of Example 1 and Example 3 indicates that the use of a laminate with a protective layer improves durability. Furthermore, a comparison of Example 4 and Example 5 indicates that when the viscosity of the alignment film-forming composition is 2 mPa·s or more but less than 10 mPa·s, it is easy to adjust the thickness variation of the formed alignment film to 10% or less, resulting in better display performance.

[0174] (Third embodiment of virtual reality display device)

[0175] [Preparation of Molded Product] [Preparation of Optically Anisotropic Film] A commercially available laminate film (PAC-3J-30H, thickness 30 μm, manufactured by San-A Kaken Co., Ltd.) was attached to the protective layer side of the laminate 1, and then the substrate 1 was peeled off. Next, the retardation layer 1 was attached using an adhesive sheet "NCF-D692(5)" manufactured by Lintec Corporation, and then the support used when preparing the retardation layer 1 was peeled off to prepare an optically anisotropic film 1 with a laminate film. At this time, the laminate was laminated so that the absorption axis direction of the laminate 1 and the slow axis direction of the retardation layer 1 formed an angle of 45°.

[0176] [Preparation of Molded Product] A pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet "NCF-D692 (5)" manufactured by Lintec Corporation was attached to the retardation layer 1 side, and the separator film of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet was peeled off. Referring to JP-A-2012-116094, the optically anisotropic film 1 with the laminate film was vacuum-molded to fit the concave surface of a plano-concave lens (made of optical glass) having a diameter of 50 mm and a curvature radius of 90 mm. At this time, the retardation layer 1 side was molded so as to contact the plano-concave lens. Thereafter, the laminate film was peeled off from the lens, and a molded product 1 laminated on the plano-concave lens was produced. Molded products 2 to 5 and molded product H1 were produced in the same manner as molded product 1, except that laminated product 1 was replaced with laminated products 2 to 5 and H1.

[0177] [Evaluation] [Film Thickness Variation] For the produced molded bodies, the film thickness variation of the curved alignment film was calculated while tilting the stage in the above-mentioned interference film thickness measurement device. The measurement was performed at 101 points at 0.4 mm pitch over a distance of 40 mm in an arbitrary direction passing through the center of the lens. The results are shown in Table 6 below.

[0178] [Production of Reflective Circular Polarizer] <Preparation of Coating Solutions R-1 to 2 and D-1 to 2 for Reflective Layer> The composition shown below was stirred and dissolved in a container kept at 70°C to prepare Coating Solution R-1 for Reflective Layer.

[0179] ------------------------------------------------------------------ (Reflective layer coating liquid R-1) ------------------------------------------------------------------ Methyl ethyl ketone 120.9 parts by mass Cyclohexanone 21.3 parts by mass Mixture of rod-like liquid crystals shown below 100.0 parts by mass Photopolymerization initiator B shown below 1.00 part by mass Chiral agent A shown below 3.00 parts by mass Surfactant F2 shown below 0.027 parts by mass Surfactant F3 shown below 0.067 parts by mass

[0180] (Reflective Layer Coating Liquid R-2) Reflective layer coating liquid R-2 was prepared in the same manner as for the reflective layer coating liquid R-1, except that the amount of chiral agent A added was changed as shown in Table 4 below.

[0181] A mixture of rod-shaped liquid crystals (a mixture of the following liquid crystal compounds (RA), (RB), and (RC) in a mass ratio of 84:14:2, with an average molar absorption coefficient of 140 / mol cm at wavelengths of 300 to 400 nm).

[0182] Chiral agent A

[0183] Surfactant F2

[0184] Surfactant F3

[0185] Photopolymerization initiator B

[0186] The chiral agent A is a chiral agent whose helical twisting power (HTP) is reduced by light.

[0187] (Reflective Layer Coating Liquid D-1) The composition shown below was stirred and dissolved in a container kept at 50° C. to prepare Reflective Layer Coating Liquid D-1.

[0188] -------------------------------- Coating liquid D-1 for reflective layer -------------------------------------------------- 80 parts by mass of discotic liquid crystal (A) below 20 parts by mass of discotic liquid crystal (B) below 10 parts by mass of polymerizable monomer EM1 below 0.3 parts by mass of surfactant F4 below 3 parts by mass of photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 907, manufactured by BASF) 4.00 parts by mass of chiral agent A above Methyl ethyl ketone 290 parts by mass Cyclohexanone 50 parts by mass ------------------------------------------------

[0189] (Reflective Layer Coating Liquid D-2) Reflective layer coating liquid D-2 was prepared in the same manner as for the reflective layer coating liquid D-1, except that the amount of chiral agent A added was changed as shown in Table 5 below.

[0190] Discotic liquid crystal (A)

[0191] Discotic liquid crystal (B)

[0192] Polymerizable monomer EM1

[0193] Surfactant F4 (weight average molecular weight: 15000)

[0194] [Preparation of Reflective Circular Polarizer 1] A 50 μm thick PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film (A4100, manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was prepared as a temporary support. This PET film had an easy-adhesion layer on one surface.

[0195] The surface of the PET film described above that did not have an easy-adhesion layer was subjected to a rubbing treatment, and the reflective layer coating solution R-1 prepared above was applied using a wire bar coater, followed by drying at 110°C for 120 seconds. Thereafter, the film was dried at 100°C under a low-oxygen atmosphere (100 ppm or less) with an illuminance of 80 mW / cm. ２ , irradiation amount 500mJ / cm ２ The red light reflective layer was formed from a cholesteric liquid crystal layer by irradiating the coating with light from a metal halide lamp (1000 W / m²). The light was irradiated from the cholesteric liquid crystal layer side. The coating thickness was adjusted so that the red light reflective layer after curing had a thickness of 4.5 μm.

[0196] Next, the red light reflecting layer surface was subjected to a discharge of 150 W·min / m ２ After corona treatment at 40°C, the reflective layer coating solution D-1 was applied to the corona-treated surface using a wire bar coater. The coating film was then dried at 70°C for 2 minutes, and after the solvent was evaporated, it was heat-aged at 115°C for 3 minutes to obtain a uniformly oriented state. Thereafter, the coating film was kept at 45°C and irradiated with ultraviolet light (300 mJ / cm) using a metal halide lamp under a nitrogen atmosphere. ２) and curing to form a yellow light reflective layer on the red light reflective layer. Light irradiation was performed from the cholesteric liquid crystal layer side in all cases. At this time, the coating thickness was adjusted so that the film thickness of the yellow light reflective layer after curing was 3.3 μm.

[0197] Next, the reflective layer coating solution R-2 was applied onto the yellow light reflective layer using a wire bar coater, and then dried at 110°C for 120 seconds. Thereafter, the coating solution was dried in a low-oxygen atmosphere (100 ppm or less) at 100°C with an illuminance of 80 mW and an irradiation dose of 500 mJ / cm. ２ The coating was cured by irradiating it with light from a metal halide lamp at 1000 kJ / cm2, thereby forming a green light reflective layer on the yellow light reflective layer. The light irradiation was carried out from the cholesteric liquid crystal layer side in all cases. The coating thickness was adjusted so that the film thickness of the cured green light reflective layer would be 2.7 μm.

[0198] Next, the green light reflecting layer surface was subjected to a discharge of 150 W·min / m ２ After corona treatment at 400°C, the reflective layer coating solution D-2 was applied to the corona-treated surface using a wire bar coater. The coating film was then dried at 70°C for 2 minutes, and after the solvent was evaporated, it was heat-aged at 115°C for 3 minutes to obtain a uniformly oriented state. Thereafter, the coating film was kept at 45°C and irradiated with ultraviolet light (300 mJ / cm) using a metal halide lamp under a nitrogen atmosphere. ２ ) and cured to form a blue light reflective layer on the green light reflective layer. Light irradiation was performed from the cholesteric liquid crystal layer side in all cases. At this time, the coating thickness was adjusted so that the film thickness of the blue light reflective layer after curing was 2.5 μm. In this way, reflective circular polarizer 1 was produced.

[0199] [Preparation of Optical Lens] A pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet "NCF-D692(5)" manufactured by Lintec Corporation was attached to the blue light reflection layer side of the reflective circular polarizer 1, and the separator film of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet was peeled off. Referring to JP 2012-116094 A, the above-described reflective circular polarizer 1 was vacuum-molded so as to fit along the concave surface of a plano-concave lens (made of optical glass) having a diameter of 50 mm and a curvature radius of 90 mm, with the blue light reflection layer side in contact with the plano-concave lens. The PET substrate of the reflective circular polarizer 1 was then peeled off from the lens to obtain a lens with a reflective circular polarizer. Next, the retardation side of the optically anisotropic film 1 with a laminate film of Example 1 (retardation layer 1 / photo-alignment layer / light absorption anisotropic layer / adhesive layer / laminate film) was overlaid on the reflective circular polarizer 1 and molded in the same manner as described above. In this way, an optical lens 1 was produced in which the lens / reflective circular polarizer 1 / adhesive layer / retardation layer 1 / photo-alignment layer / light absorption anisotropic layer were laminated in this order.

[0200] [Fabrication of Virtual Reality Display Device] A virtual reality display device "VIVE FLOW" manufactured by HTC was disassembled, and optical lenses were removed. The "VIVE FLOW" is a virtual reality display device that employs pancake lenses, and its image display device uses a liquid crystal display device that emits circularly polarized light using a polarizing plate attached to its surface. The optical lenses removed were a biconvex lens with a half-mirror coating on one side and a plano-convex lens with an optical laminate attached to its flat surface. The plano-convex lens was removed, and the fabricated optical lens 1 was placed with its flat surface facing the biconvex lens. The optical lens 1 was placed while adjusting the distance from the biconvex lens so that the virtual reality display image was properly displayed. In this way, virtual reality display device 1 was fabricated using molded body 1 of Example 1. Virtual reality display devices 2 to 5 and H1 were fabricated in the same manner as above, except that molded body 1 was replaced with molded bodies 2 to 5 and H1.

[0201] [Evaluation] For each of the virtual reality display devices manufactured, a black and white checkered pattern was displayed on the image display device, and the degree of light leakage was visually evaluated using the following four-point scale. The results are shown in Table 6 below. Note that if there is light leakage, a double image is visible and the contrast of the relevant part decreases. A: No double image is visible at all B: A slight double image is visible but not bothersome C: A double image is visible but does not cause any practical problems D: A clear double image is visible

[0202]

[0203] The results shown in Table 6 indicate that the use of a laminate in which the thickness variation of the alignment film is 10% or less reduces light leakage and improves display performance (molded bodies 1 to 5 of Examples 1 to 5).

[0204] (Fourth embodiment of the virtual reality display device)

[0205] [Example 7] [Preparation of circularly polarizing plate] A retardation layer 1 was attached to the optically absorptive anisotropic layer side of the laminate 3 prepared in Example 3 using an adhesive sheet "NCF-D692(5)" manufactured by Lintec Corporation, to prepare a circularly polarizing plate 7 having a structure of alignment film / optically absorptive anisotropic layer / adhesive layer / retardation layer 1. The adhesive layer had a thickness of 5 μm and an oxygen permeability coefficient of 200 cc / m ２ ・day・atm was over.

[0206] [Preparation of Virtual Reality Display Device] A Meta Quest Pro virtual reality display device manufactured by Meta Platforms was disassembled, and optical lenses were removed. The Meta Quest Pro is a virtual reality display device that employs pancake lenses, and its image display device uses a liquid crystal display device that emits circularly polarized light using a polarizing plate attached to its surface. The optical lenses removed were a convex-flat lens 1 with a half-mirror coating on its convex surface and a retardation film and an anti-reflection film attached to its flat surface, and a convex-flat lens 2 with an optical laminate (reflective linear polarizer / glass / absorptive linear polarizer / retardation / lens) attached to its flat surface and an anti-reflection film attached to its convex surface. The absorptive linear polarizer / retardation of the convex-flat lens 2 was removed, and the circular polarizer 7 prepared above was replaced, aligning their transmission axes so that the light-absorption anisotropic layer side was facing the reflective linear polarizer side. At this time, the convex-flat lens 1 was installed while adjusting the distance between it and the convex-flat lens 2 so that the virtual reality display image was displayed appropriately, thereby forming the virtual reality display device 7 of Example 7.

[0207] Example 8 Preparation of UV adhesive 1 UV adhesive 1 was prepared having the following composition: --------------------------------------------------- UV adhesive 1 --------------------------------------------------- CEL2021P (manufactured by Daicel Corporation) 70 parts by mass 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether 20 parts by mass 2-ethylhexyl glycidyl ether 10 parts by mass CPI-100P 2.25 parts by mass ---------------------------------------------------

[0208] CPI-100P

[0209] A virtual reality display device 8 of Example 8 was produced in the same manner as in Example 7, except that the adhesive layer of the circularly polarizing plate 7 was replaced with a UV adhesive layer made of the above UV adhesive 1 and cured by exposure to an illuminance of 1000 mJ. The oxygen permeability coefficient of the UV adhesive layer was 200 cc / m ２ ・day・atm or less.

[0210] Example 9 Preparation of PVA adhesive 1 A PVA adhesive 1 having the following composition was prepared: 100 parts by mass of a polyvinyl alcohol resin containing acetoacetyl groups (average degree of polymerization: 1200, degree of saponification: 98.5 mol%, degree of acetoacetylation: 5 mol%) was dissolved in 20 parts by mass of methylolmelamine in pure water at 30°C to prepare an aqueous solution (PVA adhesive 1) with a solids concentration adjusted to 3.7%.

[0211] A virtual reality display device 9 of Example 9 was produced in the same manner as in Example 7, except that the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the circularly polarizing plate 7 was changed to a PVA adhesive layer made of the above-mentioned PVA adhesive 1. The PVA adhesive layer had a film thickness of 1 μm and an oxygen permeability coefficient of 200 cc / m ２ ・day・atm or less.

[0212] Example 10 A virtual reality display device 10 of Example 10 was produced using a polymer-stretched polycarbonate film with reverse dispersion retardation (manufactured by Teijin Limited, product name: Pure Ace RM, Re(550)=147 nm) instead of the liquid crystal-cured retardation film 1 of Example 9.

[0213] [Evaluation] The distortion of the VR image and durability of each of the virtual reality display devices manufactured were evaluated.

[0214]

[0215] From the results shown in Table 7 above, it was found that the display performance was improved when a laminate in which the film thickness variation of the alignment film was 10% or less was used (Examples 7 to 10). Furthermore, even in a configuration without a protective layer, the oxygen permeability coefficient was 200 cc / m ２ It was found that the use of a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of 0.1 day atm or less provided excellent durability.

[0216] REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 100 Virtual reality display device 11 First retardation layer 12 Second retardation layer 13 Third retardation layer 21 First absorbing linear polarizer 22 Second absorbing linear polarizer 30 Reflecting circular polarizer 40 Half mirror 50 Anti-reflection layer 60 Positive C plate 70 Image display panel

Claims

1. A laminate having an alignment film and a light absorbing anisotropic layer provided on the alignment film, the light absorption anisotropic layer contains a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic substance, The laminate, wherein the thickness variation of the alignment film is 10% or less.

2. The laminate according to claim 1 , wherein the dichroic material contains a dichroic azo dye compound having a thienothiazole skeleton.

3. The content of the dichroic material in the light absorption anisotropic layer is 40 to 250 mg / cm ３ The laminate according to claim 1 ,

4. the alignment film contains a polymer compound, 2. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein when an intensity of secondary ions derived from the polymer compound in the alignment film is measured by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry while irradiating an ion beam from a surface of the alignment film facing the optically absorptive anisotropic layer toward a surface opposite the optically absorptive anisotropic layer, a maximum value of the intensity of secondary ions derived from the polymer compound is present in a region from the surface opposite the optically absorptive anisotropic layer to a thickness position of 100 nm.

5. The laminate according to claim 4 , wherein the polymer compound has a repeating unit represented by the following formula (2): 【Chemistry 1】 In the formula (2), R ２ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. L ２ represents a single bond or a divalent linking group. R ３ represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, or —CH ２ represents a group in which one or more of - is substituted with -O-, -S-, -NH-, -N(Q)- or -CO-. Q represents a substituent.

6. a protective layer on the opposite side of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer to the alignment film; The oxygen permeability coefficient of the protective layer is 200 cc / m ２ 2. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein the thermal expansion coefficient is 0.05-0.55×day·atm or less.

7. The laminate according to claim 6 , wherein the protective layer is made of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film.

8. The laminate according to claim 1 , comprising the alignment film, the light absorption anisotropic layer, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and a retardation layer, arranged adjacent to each other in this order.

9. The adhesive layer has an oxygen permeability coefficient of 200 cc / m ２ The laminate according to claim 8, wherein the thermal expansion coefficient is 0.5-day-atm or less.

10. The laminate of claim 1 having a curved shape.

11. A method for producing the laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising the steps of: An alignment film forming step of forming an alignment film on a substrate using a composition for forming an alignment film; a light absorbing anisotropic layer forming step of forming a light absorbing anisotropic layer on the alignment film using a light absorbing anisotropic layer forming composition containing a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic substance, after the alignment film forming step; A method for producing a laminate, comprising, after the optically absorptive anisotropic layer forming step, a substrate peeling step of peeling off the substrate to produce a laminate of the alignment film and the optically absorptive anisotropic layer.

12. The composition for forming an alignment film contains a polymer compound, The absolute value of the difference between the SP value of the polymer compound and the SP value of the substrate is 1.7 MPa. １／２ The method for producing a laminate according to claim 11, wherein:

13. The method for producing a laminate according to claim 11, wherein the viscosity of the composition for forming an alignment film at 25°C is 2 mPa·s or more and less than 10 mPa·s.

14. The method for producing a laminate according to claim 11, wherein the alignment film forming step includes a drying treatment in which the composition for forming an alignment film is applied onto the substrate, and then the coating film having a solid content concentration of 60% or less is dried with wind having a wind speed of 2 m / s or less.

15. An image display panel, a first absorbing linear polarizer, a first retardation layer, a reflective circular polarizer, a half mirror, a second retardation layer, and a second absorbing linear polarizer, in this order; A virtual reality display device, wherein the second absorbing linear polarizer is a laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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