Air conditioner for radionuclide-containing substance administration facility and radionuclide-containing substance administration facility unit equipped with air conditioner

Abstract

Provided is an air conditioner capable of easily controlling air-conditioning in a radiation controlled area. An administration facility unit (101) is provided with an air conditioner (430). The air conditioner (430) is provided with an air supply device (450) that supplies air to each of a plurality of rooms in a radiation controlled area, an exhaust device (470) that discharges air from each of the rooms, a piping (491) that provides a bypass between the air supply device (450) and the exhaust device (470), and a flowrate adjust valve (492) that is attached to the piping (491) and that adjusts the amount of air flowing through the piping (491).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an air conditioner for a radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility for administering a substance containing a radioactive nuclide to a human, and a radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility unit including the air conditioner.

Background Art

[0002] In laboratories and relatively large facilities (both so-called buildings) including a radiation control area, air conditioning equipment is always introduced to keep the indoor air environment in comfortable and appropriate conditions. In the radiation control area, it is stipulated by law (Act on Regulation of Radioisotopes; commonly known as the RI Act) to keep the concentration and total amount of radioactive substances that may scatter below the reference values, and the installation and operation of the air conditioning equipment are essential requirements.

[0003] The air conditioning equipment in the radiation control area may be equipped with a bypass pipe. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for bypassing indoor air when it does not contain radioactive iodine, and passing the indoor air through an iodine removal filter when it contains radioactive iodine. Further, for example, Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for adjusting the temperature in the radiation control area together with ventilation in the radiation control area. In Patent Document 2, when heat exchange is not necessary, the air passes through the bypass path, and when heat exchange is necessary, the air passes through the heat exchanger. Further, for example, Patent Document 3 discloses a configuration in which, in a configuration for measuring radioactive substances present in the supply and exhaust duct system, the main pipe of the supply and exhaust system is branched, and a bypass path (bypass) for collecting radioactive substances (particularly radioactive iodine) in the air by a filter is provided.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] In a very common radiation control area installed in a strong building, that is, in an existing radiation control area, a relatively spacious building design is possible, and conventionally and commonsensically, a plurality of dedicated compartments are often provided for the supply and exhaust system equipment. For example, supply and exhaust ports, blowers, filters, etc. are installed in a space close to the rooftop floor. The said equipment has pipes extending to each floor and each room, and generally, the total air volume is controlled by the operation output of the exhaust blower. That is, by means of inverter control of the blower, etc., the magnitude of the total air volume can be easily adjusted, and since it is also easy to maintain [supply air volume < exhaust air volume], the negative pressure within the radiation control area is also maintained.

[0006] Modifications such as expansion / contraction of the scope of the radiation control area, or changes in the wall structure, etc. within the building are extremely rare changes. Also, once the handling conditions of the radioactive substances specified in the application form are determined, the required supply and exhaust air volumes do not change. Therefore, in a general radiation control area facility, after obtaining permission to use radioactive substances, the said supply and exhaust equipment may be operated at a steady state according to the initial design specifications.

[0007] By the way, when considering setting a radiation control area in a structure with a very limited indoor space, for example, in an extremely narrow space such as a trailer house, it is extremely difficult to accommodate the above-described existing set of supply and exhaust equipment within the specified small space, maintain the total exhaust air volume, and control the supply and exhaust air volumes to each room. The inventors of the present invention have been making efforts in the development and improvement of a mobile radiation therapy room that can be used for treatment and hospitalization using an α-ray emitting nuclide. In recent years, a radiation therapy room in the form of a trailer house has been realized and has attracted attention from around the world. In such a radiation control area realized within a relatively small space, an excessive exhaust air volume toIf an attempt is made to ensure this, it will not only cause turbulent airflows within the radiation control area, especially within the living areas such as laboratories provided within the radiation control area, but also generate so-called Aeolian tones at the air supply and exhaust ports, which may lead to deterioration of the indoor environment. In particular, when considering operating the said control area as a hospital ward for purposes such as convalescence, the deterioration of the indoor environment directly leads to the deterioration of the living environment of patients in a very weakened state, thus becoming a serious problem. In addition, excessive ventilation not only makes the temperature control of separately provided air conditioning equipment inefficient, but also poses a risk of over-reducing the pressure within the radiation control area, and may cause a lot of inconvenience in living within the said radiation control area, such as excessive labor being required to open and close the door due to the differential pressure.

[0008] Such problems with air supply and exhaust can also occur in existing general radiation control areas, for example, when the indoor space is narrow.

[0009] Therefore, one aspect of the present invention aims to realize an air conditioning device that can easily control the air conditioning within a radiation control area in a radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility including a narrow radiation control area, and a radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility unit equipped with the said air conditioning device.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0010] In order to solve the above problems, an air conditioning device for a radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility according to one aspect of the present invention is an air conditioning device provided within a radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility having a radiation control area partitioned into a plurality of rooms, comprising an air supply device for supplying air to each of the plurality of rooms, an exhaust device for exhausting air from each of the plurality of rooms, a pipe that bypasses between the air supply device and the exhaust device and directly flows a part of the air sent from the air supply device to the exhaust device, and a flow rate control valve attached to the pipe for adjusting the amount of air flowing through the pipe.

[0011] In order to solve the above problems, a radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility unit according to one aspect of the present invention is a radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility unit that is transportable or self-propelled and equipped with the above air conditioning device.

Advantages of the Invention

[0012] According to one aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide an air conditioner for a radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility unit and a radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility unit that can easily achieve air conditioning in a narrow radiation control area.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0013]

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Embodiments for Carrying out the Invention

[0014] Hereinafter, a radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility unit equipped with an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0015] 〔Radioactive Nuclide-Containing Substance Administration Facility Unit〕 A radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility is a unit structure equipped with facilities necessary for administering a radioactive nuclide-containing substance (hereinafter simply referred to as a radioactive substance) to a human. In this embodiment, as one of the radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facilities, a radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility unit (hereinafter referred to as an administration facility unit) is considered. The administration facility unit is a radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility that is transportable or self-propelled and has a radiation control area and a hospital bed installed inside the radiation control area. Transportable means that it can be transported by a transport means (such as a vehicle, railway, ship, and aircraft) or lifted by a crane (such as a crane). Self-propelled refers to a vehicle such as a bus, which has a relatively large interior space and can move by itself.

[0016] The radiation control area is constituted by at least a part of the administration facility unit. The radiation control area refers to the area defined in the relevant laws and regulations regarding the use of radiation for the purpose of safely handling and managing radioactive substances or radiation generating devices (radiation therefrom). For example, according to the "Act on the Regulation of Radioisotopes, etc." which is the relevant law in Japan, the dose limit at the boundary of the radiation control area is 1.3 mSv / 3 months, and the dose limit at the boundary of the workplace is 250 μSv / 3 months. A radiation control area that satisfies the dose limit at the workplace boundary can be arranged for lands and facilities that do not correspond to the workplaces stipulated in the above law without going through complicated procedures. For example, according to the provisions of the above law, the type and thickness of the shielding depend on the nuclides and usage amounts used in the radiation control area. Therefore, for the shielding of the radiation control area that constitutes at least a part of the administration facility unit, shielding of any one or more, or all of α-rays, β-rays, or γ-rays is required according to the nuclide. For example, when assuming the clinical use of the radiation control area, in the case of I-131, the radiation source needs to be surrounded by lead with a thickness of 7.5 cm, and lead with a thickness of 7.5 cm is required between the operator and the source. On the other hand, for Ac-225, lead with a thickness of about 0.3 mm or more is required.

[0017] In the administration facility unit of the present embodiment, in the radiation control area, for example, clinical trials, clinical trials, and treatments using substances containing α-ray emitting radionuclides can be carried out.

[0018] An α-ray emitting radionuclide (also called an α-ray emitting nuclide or an α-ray radioactive nuclide) refers to an atom containing a nucleus that decays by emitting α-rays. Therefore, a substance containing an α-ray emitting radionuclide refers to a single entity of the atom, as well as a compound in which the atom is bonded to one or more other atoms. The α-ray emitting radionuclide is any known α-decaying nuclide. Preferred α-ray emitting radionuclides include nuclides corresponding to one or more selected from the group consisting of the following (1) to (3).

[0019] (1) Nuclides having a half-life that is easy to handle as a therapeutic agent, (2) Nuclides for which the manufacturing method has been established, (3) Nuclides for which effectiveness in cells or organisms has been reported.

[0020] In addition, the half-life in the above (1) is, for example, 40 days or less, preferably 30 days or less, more preferably 20 days or less, and even more preferably 14 days or less. As for (2), nuclides manufactured for animal experiments (for example, Tb-149, Pb-212, Bi-212, Bi-213, At-211, Ra-223, Ra-224, and Ac-225) are preferred, nuclides manufactured for human clinical trials (for example, Pb-212, Bi-213, At-211, Ac-225, and Ra-223) are more preferred, and commercially available nuclides (for example, Ra-223) are most preferred. Alternatively, as for (3), it is selected from Tb-149, Pb-212, Bi-212, Bi-213, At-211, Ra-223, Ra-224, and Ac-225 for which effectiveness in cells or organisms has been reported.

[0021] In recent years, pharmaceuticals containing alpha-emitting radionuclides have been expected to be the core pharmaceuticals in TRT due to their high therapeutic effects and low side effects on surrounding tissues (which also corresponds to part of the Third Basic Plan for Cancer Control Promotion). Zofigo (registered trademark), which was approved by the FDA in May 2013 as the world's first pharmaceutical containing an alpha-emitting radionuclide and was also approved as a pharmaceutical by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in March 2016, is currently the only pharmaceutical containing an alpha-emitting radionuclide in Japan. Although the enhancement of radiotherapy in the Third Basic Plan for Cancer Control Promotion clearly includes the practical application of pharmaceutical candidates containing alpha-emitting radionuclides other than Zofigo (registered trademark), there is currently no place to conduct various tests (not for administration for treatment) to obtain approval from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare as a pharmaceutical for such pharmaceutical candidates. This is because the use of such pharmaceutical candidates is only permitted within a radiation control area. Also, there are few hospital beds within the radiation control area (about 150 beds nationwide). In the radiation control area, the usage amount of permitted radionuclides is determined every certain period (for example, one year) mainly according to the scale of the facilities provided. Therefore, unless the implementation of existing treatments and examinations is reduced compared to the previous year, the above-mentioned ward cannot be additionally used for testing (including administration to humans) the above-mentioned pharmaceutical candidates. On the other hand, constructing a new building or expanding an existing building equipped with such a ward requires a large amount of cost (about 400 - 500 million yen), so the prospect of new construction or expansion is small. To solve such various problems, the inventors have conducted intensive studies and developed an administration facility unit as a mobile radiotherapy ward that enables treatment and hospitalization using substances containing alpha-emitting radionuclides.

[0022] The administration facility unit of this embodiment is realized as a structure that is not a building by itself and has a transportable radiation control area (with a hospital bed installed inside) where an alpha-emitting radionuclide (substance containing it) can be administered.

[0023] By specializing the administration facility unit for the use of α-ray-emitting radionuclides, a "shield" installed in the radiation control area to suppress the dose radiated outside the radiation control area below the legal limit can be realized by a relatively light and thin shield of lead with a thickness of about 0.3 mm or more. By adopting such a light and thin shield, the radiation control area equipped with hospital beds can be significantly lightened. In addition, the lightened radiation control area enables the transportation of the administration facility unit. The realization of a transportable administration facility unit reduces the need to newly construct or expand a building as a building, and the construction cost or expansion cost can be reduced accordingly. The realization of a transportable administration facility unit enables the easy installation and removal of the administration facility unit itself (installation of the administration facility unit at any time and place).

[0024] In addition, by specializing the administration facility unit for the use of α-ray-emitting radionuclides, the radiation dose reaching the boundary of the radiation control area can be reduced. Further, the reduction of radiation reaching the boundary of the radiation control area enables the adoption of an air supply and exhaust facility with a small capacity for the "air supply and exhaust facility" installed in the radiation control area.

[0025] In addition, by specializing the administration facility unit for the use of α-ray-emitting radionuclides, it is possible to adopt a light and thin shield for a "storage tank" that stores drainage containing radioactive substances and shields radiation. Therefore, the storage tank can be significantly lightened, and the storage tank can be installed (that is, transported) within the radiation control area, eliminating the need for the cost of burying the storage tank underground or securing a location for installing the storage tank above ground.

[0026] The administration facility unit can be installed in an unused section (parking lot) within an existing facility (hospital) and used as a compartment of the medical facility. Compartments of the medical facility include a treatment room or a clinical trial room. Hereinafter, an example of using the administration facility unit as a clinical trial room will be given and described.

[0027] The administration facility unit is transported and installed in the hospital parking lot by the aforementioned transportation means. Medical staff belonging to the hospital can go to the administration facility unit to conduct clinical trials (such as administering test substances to subjects), or remotely manage and monitor subjects using the facilities within the administration facility unit. During the test period, subjects can live in the administration facility unit and receive further medical treatment and care as needed.

[0028] The administration facility unit does not necessarily need to be exclusive to one hospital. After the end of the test period, or when there is no planned implementation of the test, the administration facility unit can be transferred to other hospitals and used for purposes other than clinical trials (for example, as a treatment room). Since one or more administration facility units are transportable, they can be shared or temporarily lent by multiple hospitals. Therefore, the administration facility unit can meet the needs for different treatment behaviors in each region and across a wide area.

[0029] The following (a) to (c) are exemplified as the preferred requirements for the radiation control area where clinical trials are conducted.

[0030] (a) Preferred requirements as a medical space (in accordance with the Medical Law) - Space and facilities as a hospital bed (patient room, bed, toilet, handwashing area, storage shelves, etc.) - Simple bed (equipment that allows a patient to lie down outside the hospital bed during administration, etc.) - On-call function (call bell) - Lighting equipment - Air conditioning equipment - Facilities to maintain a high quality of life (TV, refrigerator, shower, WiFi (registered trademark), soundproofing device, etc.) - Installation of an emergency exit on a side different from the normal entrance and exit.

[0031] (b) Requirements as a radiation control area (in accordance with the Act on the Regulation of Radioisotopes, etc.) - Air supply and exhaust equipment and filters (to keep the concentration of radioactive substances below a certain level) - Draft and filter (to avoid scattering of radiopharmaceuticals treated as unsealed linear sources) - Drainage storage facility for radioactive wastewater - Shield (shield wall) separating high-dose areas and spaces from other spaces - Waste storage vault with sufficient shielding and fire resistance - Source storage vault with sufficient shielding and fire resistance - Radiation detectors and measuring instruments (contamination inspection at entry / exit, exhaust / drainage monitoring) - Locking function to restrict access by the general public, including inpatients

[0032] (c) Preferred requirements specific to mobile units - Communication equipment for information transmission to the parent facility, such as this hospital - Patient remote monitoring device (CCTV) - Nursing robot - Power supply equipment (generator, energy storage equipment, or equipment receiving power supply from an external power source) - Water storage tank and drainage storage tank, preferably with the same volume (e.g., about 4000 L) - Towing function required during movement - Fixing means for the unit (wheel locking of the vehicle, anchor, and outrigger function) - Shock resistance and robustness (seismic resistance, etc. not required for the unit itself) - Connectivity and expandability to install auxiliary equipment and functions such as drainage tanks and generators in adjacent locations, such as another mobile unit, for efficient use of space

[0033] [Specific example of the administration facility unit] An example of the administration facility unit of this embodiment that satisfies the above requirements (a) to (c), and its combination with the transportation means (a vehicle loaded with the administration facility unit) are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In the following description, the configurations shown with reference numerals are specific examples for minimally satisfying requirements (a) to (c).

[0034] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the administration facility unit 101 is loaded on a towing vehicle 102. The administration facility unit 101 includes a living room 200, a work room 400, a toilet room 300 (including a flush toilet 209 and a shower 210), a storage room 600, a management room 500, and a duct space 800 (FIG. 2) within a radiation control area.

[0035] One of the partitions between the living room 200 and the work room 400 is a sliding door 202, and there is an unlocked door between the work room 400 and the toilet room 300. Therefore, a person inside the administration facility unit 101 can freely move between the living room 200, the work room 400, and the toilet room 300 and use the facilities in the three rooms. On the other hand, the door 101a at the entrance of the administration facility unit 101, the door 600a between the work room 400 and the storage room 600, and working chamber 400 and the door between 500a and the management room 500 are locked by an electronic lock. Therefore, a person who cannot unlock the electronic lock (such as a person who does not have an electronic access permit) cannot enter the management room 500 and the storage room 600.

[0036] <Living room 200> The living room 200 is equipped with a bed 201 (hospital bed), lighting 213, a power outlet 214 (100V, 15A), an on-call facility 301, a surveillance camera 302, a false window 303, an air supply and discharge port 402, an exhaust intake port 403, a radiation control area internal dosimeter 417, a desk, a shelf, a wireless LAN, storage, a refrigerator, a microwave oven, a television receiver, and an air conditioning sensor (temperature and humidity).

[0037] The living room 200 corresponds to a medical space in accordance with medical laws, is equipped with facilities that enable the subject to rest quietly and comfortably, and enables medical staff to observe the progress of clinical trials. In the living room 200, a substance containing an alpha-ray emitting radionuclide, which is a clinical trial drug, an investigational drug, or an approved medicine, is administered to a subject (hereinafter referred to as a subject or a patient). The subject or patient can lie on the bed 201 in the living room 200 and receive the administration of the test substance.

[0038] The above-described unnumbered configuration in the living room 200 is mainly a configuration for further enhancing the habitability of the subject in the living room 200. The lighting 213 is an arbitrary lighting fixture. The air supply outlet 402 sends clean air into the living room 200 in a direction where there is no direct airflow on the subject lying on the bed 201. The air supply outlet 402 is connected to the air supply damper (manifold: 504) of the air supply device 450 of the air conditioner 430 via a pipe arranged in the duct space 800 (Figure 2). The exhaust intake 403 exhausts the air in the living room 200. The exhaust intake 403 is connected to the exhaust device 470 of the air conditioner 430 via a pipe arranged in the duct space 800 (Figure 2). The air conditioning will be described later. The monitoring camera 302 photographs the inside of the living room 200 (mainly the bed 201) and conveys the state of the subject to medical staff via the management room 500.

[0039] The dummy window 303 is provided on one of the inner walls covering the side or ceiling surface of the living room 200 inside the shielding wall separating the inside and outside of the radiation control area. The dummy window 303 will be described later.

[0040] <Working room 400> The workroom 400 is equipped with an outlet 214, a contamination inspection room 420, an air supply outlet 402, an exhaust air inlet 403, a draft for handling unsealed radiation sources 404, a dosimeter 417 within the radiation control area, a simple bed and a washing facility 418. The draft 404 for handling unsealed radiation sources is a cabinet that handles the unsealed radiation source taken out from the shield inside (for example, dilutes the source to the administration concentration, transfers the diluted source to an administration container, and prepares a test substance). The air supply outlet 402 sends clean air into the workroom 400. The air supply outlet 402 is connected to the air supply damper (manifold: 504) of the air supply device 450 of the air conditioner 430 through a pipe arranged in the duct space 800 (Figure 2). The exhaust air inlet 403 exhausts the air in the workroom 400. The exhaust air inlet 403 is connected to the exhaust device 470 of the air conditioner 430 through a pipe arranged in the duct space 800 (Figure 2). The above simple bed is a bed on which a subject can lie down and receive the administration of a test substance. The washing facility 418 is used for handwashing and facewashing of the subject and medical staff.

[0041] The contamination inspection room 420 is equipped with contamination inspection equipment (survey meter), a radiation control area boundary dosimeter, and a door. The contamination inspection room 420 is partitioned by a curtain (represented by a line formed by a plurality of connected Vs in Figure 1). The contamination inspection equipment is a small device that detects the dose on the body surface of a person exiting the administration facility unit 101. The radiation control area boundary dosimeter is an instrument that measures the airborne dose near the above door and determines the effective dose of the radiation control area boundary described later.

[0042] On the outer wall of the workroom 400 (e.g., above the door 101a), there are a surveillance camera 302, signs, and a workplace boundary dosimeter. Outside the door 101a, there is a staircase 555. The workplace boundary dosimeter is an instrument that measures the ambient dose rate outside the dosing facility unit 101 and determines the effective dose at the workplace boundary, which will be described later. Anyone ascending or descending the staircase 555 and anyone opening or closing the door 101a will be photographed and recorded by the surveillance camera 302. A sign indicating that the inside of the dosing facility unit 101 is a radiation control area is attached to the door 101a. The sign is also attached to the emergency exit (e.g., the entrance / exit 101b provided in the control room 500). Note that the staircase 555 does not necessarily have to be part of the dosing facility unit 101 and can be a modular staircase loaded on a vehicle 102.

[0043] <Storage room 600> The storage room 600 is equipped with a storage vault and a storage room dosimeter. The storage vault stores unsealed radiation sources used inside the draft 404 for handling unsealed radiation sources and waste that may be contaminated with radioactive substances. The walls of the storage vault contain substances (such as lead) that shield radiation. The door of the storage vault is locked. The storage room dosimeter is an instrument that measures the ambient dose rate inside the storage room 600.

[0044] <Control room 500> The control room 500 is equipped with an air supply outlet 402 and an exhaust inlet 403. In addition, as multiple types of equipment, it is equipped with an air conditioner 430, a computer 552, and a power receiving facility 553.

[0045] The air supply outlet 402 sends clean air into the control room 500. The air supply outlet 402 is connected to the air supply damper (manifold: 504) of the air supply device 450 of the air conditioner 430 via a pipe arranged in the duct space 800 (Figure 2). The exhaust inlet 403 exhausts the air inside the control room 500. The exhaust inlet 403 is connected to the exhaust device 470 of the air conditioner 430 via a pipe arranged in the duct space 800 (Figure 2).

[0046] The air conditioner 430 is responsible for air conditioning in each room of the radiation management area. The air conditioner 430 will be described later.

[0047] The power receiving facility 553 is a facility for receiving power supply from outside the administration facility unit 101. The power receiving facility 553 distributes all the power supplied from the outside to all the outlets 214 via the EPS.

[0048] The computer 552 is electrically connected to the various devices driven electrically described above. The computer 552 outputs an electrical signal for driving the above devices according to a preset program, and records the driving of the above devices (such as air conditioning, dose rate, entry / exit records, and CCTV data) represented by the electrical signal. That is, the computer 552 controls the driving of the above devices and monitors the driving. The computer 552 transmits the recorded information to the display device or the wireless communication unit.

[0049] <Toilet room 300> The toilet room 300 is equipped with a flush toilet 209 and a shower 210. The flush toilet 209 and the shower 210 receive water supply from the water supply tank 211. The wastewater from the flush toilet 209 and the shower 210 floor is sent to the radioactive wastewater storage tank 408 (Figure 2) through the radioactive wastewater discharge outlet 410 (drainage outlet) provided in the toilet room 300. Although an example of receiving water supply from the water supply tank 211 provided in the administration facility unit 101 has been described, an example of receiving water supply from the outside may also be used, or an example of receiving water supply from the water supply tank provided in the towing part of the vehicle 102 may also be used.

[0050] As described above, the administration facility unit 101 is equipped with the facilities required for the radiation management area (mainly in the 400 series of symbols). The administration facility unit 101 is further equipped with what is required for hospital rooms and treatment rooms where hospitalization and medical treatment are possible, as well as the functions necessary for enhancing the habitability and quality of life of the subjects living there (mainly in the 200 and 300 series of symbols).

[0051] The administration facility unit 101 houses a set of functions and devices (mainly in the 500s series of codes) for medical staff and related personnel to perform tasks related to the administration facility unit 101 within a space that is locked to restrict access by an unspecified number of people.

[0052] As described above, the administration facility unit 101 is transported to and installed within the grounds (such as a parking lot) of an existing facility (hospital) by the power of the vehicle 102. The administration facility unit 101 is fixed to the ground by fixtures (such as wheel locks (via the vehicle 102), anchors, or outriggers, etc.) as needed and is used as an actual inpatient facility. Before starting use, the administration facility unit 101 must have completed all necessary procedures regarding radiation management.

[0053] The administration facility unit 101 is equipped with at least one of power generation equipment, power storage equipment, and equipment that receives power supply. The administration facility unit 101 may have an emergency exit (101b in FIG. 1) in a location other than the main entrance (the entrance with the door 101a) to ensure the safety of patients.

[0054] In the example of FIG. 1, an example is shown where the administration facility unit 101 is mainly partitioned into four rooms (a living room 200, a toilet room 300, a work room 400, and a management room 500). However, the administration facility unit 101 falls within the radiation management area and is not limited to being partitioned into four rooms as long as it does not violate the provisions of the Medical Act. There may be a mode where it is partitioned into five or more rooms (for example, a mode where there are two or more living rooms 200 or work rooms 400), or a mode where it is partitioned into two rooms (for example, a mode where the living room 200 and the work room 400 are combined into one partition). In an example of the administration facility unit 101, a plurality of living rooms 200 are connected communicably to one work room 400. Also, for example, the living room 200 may be equipped with a plurality of beds 201. Therefore, as long as the management room 500 is independent of the living room 200 and the work room 400 by an electronic lock, the administration facility unit 101 can have any combination of partitions.

[0055] (Floor area of the administration facility unit) The floor area inside the administration facility unit 101 is 15 to 40 m 2 ². When the vehicle 102 is a large tractor vehicle capable of traveling on a general road, the administration facility unit 101 can be transported as a container or trailer house (for example, having a floor area of 15 to 40 m 2 ²). The weight of a conventional shield (concrete or lead) that can surround and cover a space (such as a container or trailer house) having a floor area of 15 m 2 ² or more far exceeds 10 tons. As described above, the administration facility unit 101 that only requires a thin and light shield (for example, can be substituted with the wall surface of a container or trailer house) can be transported by a vehicle capable of traveling on a general road. In addition, from the perspective of habitability, the volume inside the administration facility unit 101 is preferably 20 to 120 m 3 ³.

[0056] (Size of the administration facility unit) The administration facility unit 101 is a (transportable) container or trailer house. When designing a trailer house type mobile management area, in order to utilize its characteristics, that is, the mobility and movability to pass through general roads and highways at any time, it is necessary to keep the trailer house within the dimensions and weight (vehicle weight) specified by the Road Traffic Law. At the same time, since the trailer house is required to have a structure that can sufficiently shield radiation as a management area, it is necessary to design so that the above two elements are compatible. In the Road Traffic Law described above, general restrictions on the size of the vehicle body are stipulated. Specifically, the overall length is 12 m, the overall width is 2.5 m, the overall height is 3.8 m, and the total weight is 20,000 kg (20 t) or less, and these numerical values can be regarded as the maximum specifications of general vehicle bodies. Incidentally, exceptionally, up to an overall length of 18 m, an overall width of 3.5 m, an overall height of 4.1 m, and a total weight of 36 t (36,000 kg), an expansion of each specification value is permitted, but in order for a vehicle with an extended specification to pass through a general road, etc., it is necessary to notify and obtain permission from the relevant authorities, which hinders the achievement of the goal of easy portability and mobility.

[0057] Within the management area, similar to a general living room, it serves as a living space for the residents (test subjects / medical staff). Also, in order to install the required facilities, etc. in the management area effectively and with a margin, it is desirable to have an interior design with an appropriate size.

[0058] In order to handle a sufficient amount of radioactive substances within the management area, it is necessary to thicken the shielding body according to the handling amount (radioactivity) in order to suppress the exposure dose to the general public. Generally, for shielding electromagnetic waves such as radiation, especially gamma rays and X-rays, materials with a high density, for example, lead (11.4 g / cm 3 ) or iron (7.9 g / cm 3 ), tungsten (19.3 g / cm 3 ) etc. are adopted. However, since the unit prices of these materials vary for each material, the influence on the material cost increases in proportion to the scale (dimensions) of the shielding structure. Therefore, it is necessary to achieve comprehensive optimization regarding the dimensions of the trailer house, the total vehicle body weight, the radioactivity to be handled, the shielding material, the shielding thickness, and the cost. In this embodiment, the radioactive substances used within the management area are limited to alpha-ray sources with low transmissivity as radiation energy, and the management area is designed accordingly. As a result, it becomes possible to sufficiently attenuate the radiation energy even with a simple shielding body, and as a result, it becomes possible to reduce the materials used for shielding, and it is possible to significantly reduce the manufacturing cost and the vehicle body weight respectively.

[0059] (Specific examples of the shielding and outer shell of the administration facility unit) The wall of the administration facility unit 101 includes a shielding. Specifically, the outer shell of the container or trailer house constituting the administration facility unit 101 is configured as a shielding wall including a shielding, and separates the inside and outside of the administration facility unit 101, that is, the inside and outside of the radiation management area. That is, the outer shell of the container or trailer house constituting the administration facility unit 101 includes a layer made of a relatively thin and lightweight shielding as described later.

[0060] The materials of the shielding include those commonly used as shielding in the radiation control area, such as lead, tungsten, iron, and concrete. When selected from these materials, the thickness of the shielding is, from the perspective of shielding, 0.03 mmPb or more in lead equivalent, preferably 0.5 mmPb or more, more preferably 1 mmPb or more, and from the perspective of weight, 5 cmPb or less in lead equivalent, preferably 1 cmPb or less, more preferably 1 mmPb or less. The above lead equivalent and its numerical values comply with a predetermined regulation (for example, the regulation in "Notification of the Director-General of the Pharmaceutical Affairs Bureau, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare to the Governors of Prefectures, No. 188 of the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law"). The exhaust capacity that satisfies the air concentration (dose) within the radiation control area is 50 to 500 m 3 / hour, and the exhaust capacity that satisfies the exhaust concentration (dose) outside the radiation control area is 1 to 1000 m 3 / hour. The effective dose limit at the boundary of the radiation control area within the scope of legal regulations is 1.3 mSv / 3 months, and the effective dose limit at the boundary of the workplace is 250 μSv / 3 months.

[0061] The materials of the outer shell can be, from the inside, 2 mm of Ronclean Lime (vinyl floor sheet), 0.3 mm of lead sheet, 24 mm of structural plywood, 9 mm of structural plywood, and up to 15 mm of galvanized steel sheet (registered trademark).

[0062] (Specific Example 1) For example, an administration facility unit 101 for administering Ac-225 is fabricated with an outer shell having a 0.3-mm-thick lead as the shielding. At this time, the exhaust capacity that satisfies the air limit (dose) within the radiation control area is 92 m 3 / hour, and the exhaust capacity that satisfies the exhaust concentration limit (dose) outside the radiation control area is 231 m 3 / hour. At this time, the effective dose at the boundary of the radiation control area is 51 μSv / 3 months, and the effective dose at the boundary of the workplace is 215 μSv / 3 months, which is below the legal regulation standards. When the size of the administration facility unit is 2.3 m in width, 7 m in length, and 3.7 m in height, with the weight of lead being 0.2 t and the total vehicle weight (the sum of the weight of the administration facility unit 101 and the weight of the vehicle 102) being 4.5 t, it can travel on ordinary roads.

[0063] (Specific Example 2) As another example, when the administration facility unit 101 administers Ra-223, it is manufactured using an outer casing with a 5 mm thick lead as a shield. At this time, the exhaust capacity that satisfies the air concentration limit (dose) within the radiation control area is 214 m 3 / hour, and the exhaust capacity that satisfies the exhaust concentration limit (dose) outside the radiation control area is 693 m 3 / hour. At this time, the effective dose at the radiation control area boundary is 16 μSv / 3 months, and the effective dose at the workplace boundary is 64 μSv / 3 months, which is below the regulatory standards. When the size of the administration facility unit is 3.4 m in width, 12 m in length, and 2.8 m in height, since the weight of the lead is 9.5 t, it can travel on a general road.

[0064] (Specific Example 3) For example, the administration facility unit 101 that administers Bi-213 is manufactured using an outer casing with a 0.25 cm thick lead as a shield. At this time, the exhaust capacity that satisfies the air concentration limit (dose) within the radiation control area is 222 m 3 / hour, and the exhaust capacity that satisfies the exhaust concentration limit (dose) outside the radiation control area is 463 m 3 / hour. At this time, the effective dose at the radiation control area boundary is 47 μSv / 3 months, and the effective dose at the workplace boundary is 199 μSv / 3 months, which is below the regulatory standards. When the size of the administration facility unit is 3.4 m in width, 12 m in length, and 2.8 m in height, since the weight of the lead is 4.8 t, it can travel on a general road.

[0065] (Air Conditioning of the Administration Facility Unit) The administration facility unit 101 maintains the indoor air environment of each room (living room 200, toilet room 300, work room 400, and management room 500) within the radiation control area in a comfortable and appropriate condition by means of the air conditioning device 430 provided in the management room 500. Note that the air conditioning device 430 is a mechanism for ventilation and air pressure adjustment, and is different from a mechanism for room temperature adjustment (so-called air conditioning equipment).

[0066] FIG. 3 is a schematic installation diagram of the air conditioner 430 in the administration facility unit 101. The air conditioner 430 includes an air supply device 450 that supplies air to each room, an exhaust device 470 that exhausts air from each room, and a bypass mechanism 490. The air supply device 450 and the exhaust device 470 are installed in the management room 500, and the pipes connected to them are arranged in the duct space 800 (FIG. 2). The bypass mechanism 490 is also installed in the management room 500.

[0067] The specific configuration of the air conditioner 430 will be described with reference to FIG. 4. In FIG. 4, each room (the living room 200, toilet room 300, work room 400, and management room 500 shown in FIG. 3) of the administration facility unit 101 is shown as room 700n (n means a plurality. If the above-mentioned four rooms are considered, n = 4).

[0068] The air supply device 450 includes an outside air intake 501, an intake filter 502, an intake blower 503, an air supply damper 504 (manifold), and an air supply pipe 455. The air supply pipe 455 is connected from the air supply damper 504 to the air supply outlets 402 provided in each room 700n (living room 200, toilet room 300, work room 400, and management room 500). Each air supply pipe 455 is provided with an air supply volume control valve 456.

[0069] The exhaust device 470 includes an exhaust pipe 475 connected to the exhaust inlets 403 provided in each room, an exhaust damper 471, an exhaust filter 472, an exhaust blower 473, and an exhaust port 474. Each exhaust pipe 475 is provided with an exhaust volume control valve 476.

[0070] The bypass mechanism 490 includes a direct connection pipe 491 that directly connects the air supply damper 504 and the exhaust damper 471, and a flow rate control valve 492 arranged in the direct connection pipe 491 to adjust the flow rate of the air flowing through the direct connection pipe 491. The bypass mechanism 490 (the direct connection pipe 491 and the flow rate control valve 492) is installed in the management room 500.

[0071] Inside the administration facility unit 101 (radiation control area), the internal pressure is maintained at a negative pressure so that radioactive substances do not escape into the general public environment 103. That is, outside air is taken in from the outside air intake 501 using the intake blower 503, intake and the air purified by the filter 502 is led to the supply air damper (manifold; 504). From the supply air damper 504, supply air pipes 455 that are connected to the supply air outlets 402 installed in each room 700n extend for the number of rooms (n) in the room 700, and the supply air pipes 455 are provided with supply air volume control valves 456. The supply air volume for each room 700 can be adjusted by the supply air volume control valve 456.

[0072] The supply air released into each room 700 is taken in from the exhaust air intake 403 also provided in each room 700, passes through the exhaust air volume control valve 476, the exhaust damper 471, and the exhaust filter 472, and is sucked by the exhaust blower 473. Volatile radioactive substances such as gaseous or particulate matter may be generated in each room 700n within the radiation control area due to some work or the like, but the volatile radioactive substances are collected by the exhaust filter 472. Therefore, so-called radioactive contaminants are not released from the downstream of the exhaust blower 473, that is, from the exhaust port 474 into the general public environment 103.

[0073] As described above, due to the need to maintain a negative pressure inside the radiation control area, both blowers 503 and 473 that are the power sources for supply and exhaust air are operated in a state where the exhaust air volume is slightly greater than the supply air volume. That is, the suction volume of the exhaust blower 473 is set to be slightly larger than the suction volume (i.e., the discharge volume to the downstream) of the intake blower 503. Specifically, the operation of maintaining the pressure inside the radiation control area at a negative pressure relative to the atmospheric pressure is generally performed. The exhaust air volume control valve 476 can be used to maintain the supply and exhaust air balance (differential pressure control) for each room.

[0074] The administration facility unit 101 is smaller than an extremely common radiation control area installed in a strong building. Therefore, it is not easy to maintain the total exhaust volume and control the supply and exhaust air volumes to each room using the conventional air conditioning equipment in the administration facility unit 101, which may lead to deterioration of the living environment of patients in a very debilitated state. Thus, the administration facility unit 101 is connected (directly) to the supply air damper 504 and the exhaust damper 471, and a direct connection pipe 491 (pipe) that directly flows a part of the air sent from the supply air device to the exhaust device without passing through each room, and a flow rate control valve 492 that can arbitrarily adjust the air flow in the direct connection pipe 491 between 0 and 100% are provided to short-circuit (bypass) between the supply air device 450 and the exhaust device 470. That is, instead of the inverter control mechanism of the generally used exhaust fan, the direct connection pipe 491 for bypass and and the flow rate control valve 492 responsible for the throttling function thereof are utilized. Thereby, it is possible to simply realize the supply and exhaust of each room 700 while maintaining the total exhaust volume required at the exhaust port 474 of the radiation control area. The flow rate control valve 492 adjusts the amount of air flowing through the direct connection pipe 491 at an arbitrary ratio between 0 and 100%.

[0075] As the power for realizing the supply and exhaust (the intake blower 503 and the exhaust blower 473), a small device with a simple 0 / 100% (on / off) operation specification without inverter control can be selected. And while ensuring the total exhaust volume required as a radiation control area with its operating capacity (maximum capacity), it is possible to achieve both the space saving of the installation space of the air conditioner 430.

[0076] Since it is legally obligatory to use a certain amount or more of radioactive substances in the radiation control area, if there is a radioactive substance that one wishes to use, it is necessary to specify the type, maximum usage amount, and the radiation control area where one wishes to use it, and obtain permission for use from a predetermined institution (for example, the Nuclear Regulation Authority). Since the handling conditions of the radioactive substances specified in the application form are determined, the required supply and exhaust air volumes do not change. Therefore, as the timing for moving the bypass mechanism 490 (specifically, the flow rate control valve 492), it is only once at the beginning of handling the radioactive substances specified in the application form.

[0077] However, as another opportunity, for example, when there is a change in the radionuclide used or an increase or decrease in the amount of the radionuclide used, the flow control valve 492 is moved. In particular, when there is a decrease in use, etc., when there is a desire to reduce the supply and exhaust air volume required for the radiation control area, by opening the flow control valve 492, it becomes possible to easily reduce the total supply and exhaust air volume while maintaining the supply and exhaust air balance (ratio) between the rooms 700. Conversely, when there is an increase in use, by closing the pre-opened flow control valve 492 in the closing direction, it becomes possible to easily increase the total supply and exhaust air volume while maintaining the balance in the same way.

[0078] Here, when permission is given for the radiation control area subject to the application and the type and maximum usage amount of the radioactive substance, generally, as can be inferred from the above-mentioned examination items, it is not for each room 700n, but for the entire radiation control area (that is, the administration facility unit 101). At this time, it is ensured that the estimated exposure dose to the workers within the radiation control area (administration facility unit 101) and the general public environment 103 is below the internationally defined standard values (within the radiation control area = 1 mSv or less per week; at the radiation control area boundary = 1.3 mSv or less per three months; at the workplace boundary = 250 μSv or less per three months). From the above, although there are some exceptions, conditions such as the scale and total number (n) of the individual rooms 700 are not important matters that affect the results of the examination for permission.

[0079] As described above, the administration facility unit 101 performs air conditioning control within the radiation control area by means of the air conditioning device 430 equipped with the bypass mechanism 490 provided with the direct connection pipe 491 directly connecting the supply air damper 504 and the exhaust damper 471 and the flow control valve 492.

[0080] According to this configuration, it is possible to easily realize the supply and exhaust air of each room 700 while maintaining the total exhaust air volume required at the exhaust port 474 of the radiation control area.

[0081] Moreover, according to this configuration, there is no risk of generating turbulent flow in each room 700n to ensure excessive exhaust volume, and it is possible to suppress the occurrence of so-called wind noise at the air supply outlet 402 or the exhaust inlet 403.

[0082] Moreover, according to this configuration, it is possible to contribute to the maintenance and improvement of the indoor environment of the room 700n (the living room 200 in FIGS. 1 and 2).

[0083] Moreover, according to this configuration, it is possible to avoid excessive ventilation in the room 700n. Therefore, the room temperature adjustment by a separately provided air conditioner can be made efficient. As shown in FIG. 3, the air conditioner can be mounted as a ceiling-embedded air conditioner 900 in the work room 400, and the room temperature of each room can be adjusted through pipes extending to each room.

[0084] Moreover, according to this configuration, it is also possible to avoid the risk of excessive depressurization in the radiation control area, and it does not cause inconveniences such as excessive labor required for opening and closing the doors partitioning the rooms due to the differential pressure generated by excessive depressurization, and a low-load living environment can be provided with respect to various elements.

[0085] Moreover, with this configuration, the installation of an exhaust fan with a small size and simple function is allowed, the total exhaust air volume can be ensured, and the indoor environment can be made comfortable. Since an exhaust fan with a simple function can be selected, the introduction cost can be reduced, and in operation, it is freed from malfunctions caused by failures of so-called electronic devices and the like.

[0086] Moreover, since it has a trailer house type structure, it contributes to the reduction of the size and weight of the building defined as the management area. That is, the construction of a large building made of heavy concrete generally requires an investment on the order of hundreds of millions of yen, and it is common to define the inside of the building as the management area. However, since it is possible to define the trailer house adopting the present invention as the management area, it has become possible to achieve cost savings of about 1 / 10 with respect to the so-called investment amount (mainly construction cost).

[0087] Incidentally, the bypass mechanism 490 described above can also be applied to air conditioners within a radiation control area provided in existing general buildings.

[0088] (Drainage facilities and their peripheral facilities) The drain liquid discharged from the radiation control area may contain radioactive substances. Therefore, strict radiation control is required for the drainage that has moved to what is equivalent to sewage. Specifically, it is stipulated that the average radioactivity concentration (Bq / cm 3 ) of the drainage for three months shall not exceed the limit specified by laws and regulations. The same regulations apply to the dosing facility unit, which is a mobile radiation control area. Therefore, as described above, the drainage (drain liquid) from the flushing toilet 209 and the like is sent to the radioactive drainage storage tank 408 through the radioactive drainage outlet 410 in the room floor and temporarily stored. After the above-described radioactivity management is performed, it is discharged (released) into the sewage of the general public.

[0089] As shown in FIG. 5, the radioactive drainage storage tank 408 (shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 5) is installed inside the dosing facility unit 101 (within the control area). Specifically, the radioactive drainage storage tank 408 is installed under the floor of the control room 500. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the dosing facility unit 101. FIG. 6 also shows a part of the vehicle 102 and shows a state in which the dosing facility unit 101 is placed on the chassis 2202 provided with the wheels 2203 of the vehicle 102.

[0090] The administration facility unit 101 is provided at a position higher than the bottom 444f of the outer housing 444 including a shielding wall (a shielding wall separating the inside and outside of the radiation control area) that separates the inside and outside of the administration facility unit 101 from the floor 2201 of the control room 500, and there is a gap between the floor 2201 of the control room 500 and the bottom 444f. The separation distance can be 10 to 25 cm. The radioactive drainage storage tank 408 is housed in the space between the floor 2201 and the bottom 444f. That is, the radioactive drainage storage tank 408 is installed inside the radiation control area (inside the outer housing 444). The radioactive drainage storage tank 408 is fixed in position by appropriate fixtures or fixing devices, and there is no displacement or excessive shaking during the transportation of the administration facility unit 101 loaded on the chassis 2202 provided with the wheels 2203 of the vehicle 102 over the ground surface 2204.

[0091] The bottom 444f of the outer housing 444 constituting the administration facility unit 101 is substantially horizontal. On the other hand, for the plurality of rooms (living room 200, toilet room 300, work room 400, and control room 500) provided in the administration facility unit 101, the heights of the floors 2201 arranged across these rooms are not uniform, and there is a step structure 2205 as shown in FIG. 6. One region on one side of the step structure 2205 is at a higher position than the other region on the other side. As described above, the floor of the control room 500 and the floor of the toilet room 300 are included in one region on one side. The floor of the work room 400 and the floor of the living room 200 are included in the other region on the other side.

[0092] The height of the step structure 2205 can be 10 to 20 cm in length along the vertical direction, but is not limited thereto. The step structure 2205 does not need to coincide with the boundary between the control room 500 and the work room 400, nor does it need to coincide with the boundary between the toilet room 300 and the work room 400. When the radioactive drainage storage tank 408 is arranged only in a part under the floor of the control room 500 as shown in FIG. 5, a step structure 2205 may be provided between the part and the remaining region on the floor of the control room 500.

[0093] Under the floor of the area at a high position (one side area) with the step structure 2205 as a boundary, a spacer for holding the space can be installed between the floor and the bottom 444f of the outer housing 444.

[0094] In the toilet compartment 300 floor The radioactive drainage outlet 410 is located at a position higher than the radioactive drainage storage tank 408. For this reason, the drain pipe 481 connecting the radioactive drainage outlet 410 and the radioactive drainage storage tank 408 has a pipe axis inclined with the pipe port on the radioactive drainage storage tank 408 side facing vertically downward inside the outer housing 444. Due to the inclination, without using the power of a pump or the like, the drained liquid is naturally transferred to the radioactive drainage storage tank 408 via the drain pipe 481. When the radioactive drainage outlet 410 is provided directly above the radioactive drainage storage tank 408, the drain pipe 481 arranged therebetween may be configured to drain the liquid vertically downward without inclination.

[0095] The capacity (dimensions) of the radioactive drainage storage tank 408 may be within the range that can fit into the space, and there is no particular regulation. An opening with a lid attached is provided on the upper surface of the radioactive drainage storage tank 408, and through this opening, it is possible to drain the stored radioactive drainage outside the tank using a pump.

[0096] In order not to cause an event where the radioactive drainage storage tank 408 overflows due to some reason, a water level sensor 2403 including a device for detecting and reporting the timing of water discharge is introduced into the radioactive drainage storage tank 408. As a result, it becomes possible to detect the early stage of the drainage storage period and avoid an accidental water leakage accident. Also, a part of the drainage in the radioactive drainage storage tank 408 can be sampled from the opening with the lid attached above for examining the dose of the drainage.

[0097] Incidentally, the wastewater from the cleaning equipment 418 (Fig. 2) installed in the workroom 400 can be stored in a small and portable small tank 419 (Fig. 2) installed below the radioactive wastewater discharge outlet of the cleaning equipment 418. As an example, the small tank can be a plastic tank arranged, for example, under the washbasin of the cleaning equipment within the workroom 400. However, the wastewater from the cleaning equipment 418 can also be stored in the radioactive wastewater storage tank 408 through the radioactive wastewater discharge outlet of the cleaning equipment 418. When the radioactive wastewater of the cleaning equipment 418 is stored in the radioactive wastewater storage tank 408, only a part of the entire area of the floor of the workroom 400 including the cleaning equipment 418 is included in a position higher than the step structure 2205 (one-sided area), similar to the floor of the toilet room 300. The part can include the installation area of the drain pipe arranged between the area where the radioactive wastewater discharge outlet of the cleaning equipment 418 drops onto the floor and the radioactive wastewater storage tank 408.

[0098] In this embodiment, in the water supply example, a so-called pumping type water supply method can be adopted in a form independent of the general municipal water that enables continuous water supply, that is, by installing a water supply tank 211. In view of the fact that the water supplied by pumping into the water supply tank 211 will eventually transfer to the radioactive wastewater storage tank 408, in order to fundamentally avoid the problem of liquid overflow, it is preferable to set the volume of the water supply tank 211 and the actual water storage volume to be smaller than those of the radioactive wastewater storage tank 408, and to design and operate such that the total water supply preparation amount is always less than the volume of the radioactive wastewater storage tank 408.

[0099] As described above, the administration facility unit 101 is configured to provide a step structure 2205 on the floor 2201 so that one area on one side of the step structure 2205 is higher than the other area. A space is formed between the one-sided area configured at a high position on the floor 2201 and the bottom 444f (shielding wall) of the outer housing 444 (a structure formed by a shielding wall separating the inside and outside of the radiation control area) constituting the administration facility unit 101, and the radioactive wastewater storage tank 408 is accommodated in this space. Thereby, the radioactive wastewater storage tank 408 can be arranged inside the outer housing 444, that is, within the radiation control area.

[0100] Also, the toilet room 300 of the workroom 400 included in the area on one side configured at a high position on the floor 2201 floor has a radioactive wastewater discharge port 41 0 is at a position higher than the radioactive wastewater storage tank 408. Therefore, radioactive wastewater can be led to the radioactive wastewater storage tank 408 by a drain pipe 481 connecting the radioactive wastewater discharge port and the radioactive wastewater storage tank 408.

[0101] Also, the floor 2201 of the living room 200 is included in the area on the other side configured at the aforementioned low position. Thereby, the ceiling height of the living room 200 can be ensured to be higher than the ceiling height of the rooms included in the area on one side configured at a high position. Thereby, it is possible to provide a comfortable living environment without causing a sense of oppression or a sense of constriction to the subject living in the living room 200.

[0102] In a management area provided in a general building, the wastewater storage tank is often prepared in the lowest floor of the building, such as the basement floor. Specifically, the wastewater generated on the upper floors is transferred and stored in the tank on the lowest floor according to gravity, and after waiting for physical attenuation as appropriate or after confirming that the radioactivity concentration has become below the specified level as a result of dilution, it is discharged (released) to the sewage of the general public. That is, since the liquid waste that may contain radioactive substances is stored in the tank for a certain period of time, as a radiation protection measure, it is required to prevent people from easily approaching the tank or to provide appropriate shielding around the tank. However, access to the lowest floor (basement floor) of a general building is often naturally limited, and the storage tank surrounded by the concrete foundation is also naturally in a state surrounded by a shielding structure, and no major problems occur in terms of radiation management.

[0103] On the other hand, a management area provided in a mobile dispensing facility unit 101 such as a trailer house, which is different from a building, always exists in a state floating above the ground surface. Therefore, the drainage storage tank cannot adopt a natural shielding structure buried underground. That is, the design of the drainage storage tank installed in the mobile management area is required to have a strong structure that is located at the lowest layer of the entire vehicle body, is housed within a shielding structure as a radiation protection measure, and can withstand physical impacts such as those caused by traffic accidents.

[0104] In the dispensing facility unit 101, a space that satisfies the above requirements is realized between the floor of the room in the management area and the bottom body of the shielding wall (outer shell) that separates the inside and outside of the management area, and a mode of accommodating the radioactive drainage storage tank 408 in this space is realized.

[0105] (Modification examples of drainage facilities and their peripheral facilities) As shown in FIG. 6, in the above mode, the bottom 444f of the outer shell 444 is substantially horizontal. However, it is not limited to this, and the bottom 444f may be in a structure that slightly protrudes toward the ground surface in the region where the radioactive drainage storage tank 408 is placed. If this modification example is explained with reference to FIG. 7, the bottom 444f of the outer shell 444 has a drainage storage tank placement surface 444f1 and a surface 444f2 in other regions. The placement surface 444f1 is closer to the ground surface than the surface 444f2. That is, the bottom 444f of the outer shell 444 has a structure that is recessed downward in the vertical direction at the placement surface 444f1.

[0106] In this modification example, the shielding material (for example, a lead sheet) may be uniformly installed with respect to the placement surface 444f1 and the surface 444f2. However, if the entire surface of the radioactive drainage storage tank 408 itself is covered with the shielding material and the shielding material at the bottom 444f is connected to the shielding material of the radioactive drainage storage tank 408 without a gap, it is not necessary to arrange the shielding material (for example, a lead sheet) in the portion constituting the placement surface 444f1. When covering the entire surface of the radioactive drainage storage tank 408 itself with a shielding material, a steel flat plate with a thickness of 4.5 mm can be used as the shielding material.

[0107] Also in the aspect of FIG. 7, similar to the aspect shown in FIG. 6, a stepped structure 2205 is provided on the floor 2201, and the floor 2201 (one - side area) of the control room 500 has a raised - floor structure. In the aspect of FIG. 7, the area facing the floor 2201 of the control room 500 with the raised - floor structure is the placement surface 444f1. As a result, the separation distance between the placement surface 444f1 and the floor 2201 of the control room 500 is longer than the separation distance between the bottom 444f in FIG. 6 and the floor 2201 of the control room 500. That is, compared with the aspect of FIG. 6, the aspect of FIG. 7 can secure a wider space for installing the radioactive drainage storage tank 408. Thereby, it becomes possible to install a large - sized radioactive drainage storage tank 408.

[0108] (Specific example of the pseudo - window 303 in the living room 200) The radiation - controlled area has a shielding structure for preventing and attenuating the leakage of radiation, that is, all six sides, up, down, front, back, left, and right, are surrounded by shielding walls. It is not possible to provide a window that has almost no shielding effect and disrupts the air - conditioning balance. In a windowless space, daylighting is not possible, and it is also not possible to see the outside scenery or the like. As a result, the interior becomes a so - called closed space, increasing the risk of inducing claustrophobia, a sense of oppression, a sense of constriction, etc. for the people living inside. To avoid this risk, in the living room 200 within the radiation - controlled area, in addition to lighting equipment, entertainment equipment such as a TV is provided, and a pseudo - window is provided to create a connection with nature and the outside world.

[0109] FIG. 8 shows a state in which the interior of the living room 200 is viewed with the side where the sliding door 202 that partitions the living room 200 and the work room 400 is provided as the front side, and the side surface 205 facing the side surface where the sliding door 202 is provided as the back side. FIG. 9 is a view of the interior of the living room 200 within the radiation control area as seen from the side where the sliding door 202 shown in FIG. 8 is provided. For the sake of convenience of explanation, the side surface of the living room 200 on the side where the sliding door 202 is provided and the inner wall covering it are omitted. Also, FIG. 9 shows the bed 201 also arranged within the living room 200 in order to specify the arrangement position of the pseudo window 303 within the living room 200. In FIG. 9, the components other than the pseudo window 303 arranged within the living room 200 are represented by broken lines. FIG. 10 is a view of the interior of the living room 200 as seen from the side surface opposite to the side surface where the sliding door 202 shown in FIG. 8 is provided. For the sake of convenience of explanation, the side surface located in the front is not shown in the figure.

[0110] The living room 200 is partitioned inside the outer shell 444 (shielding wall) shown in FIG. 6 including a shielding object that separates the inside and outside of the radiation control area, with four side surfaces facing the front, back, left, and right of the living room 200 and the top surface covered by inner walls. The floor 2201 can also be configured as an inner wall. In short, the living room 200 is partitioned inside the outer shell 444 (FIG. 6) by the first inner wall 222a, the second inner wall 222b, the third inner wall 222c, and the fourth inner wall 222d that cover the four side surfaces facing the front, back, left, and right of the living room 200, the fifth inner wall 222e that covers the top surface of the living room 200, and the floor 2201 that covers the floor surface of the living room 200. In other words, each of the inner walls 222a to 222d and the floor 2201 is arranged within the radiation control area. In this example, the inner wall on the side where the sliding door 202 is provided is defined as the first inner wall 222a. Also, the inner wall facing the first inner wall 222a is defined as the second inner wall 222b. Further, the pair of inner walls arranged opposite to each other and separated by the first inner wall 222a and the second inner wall 222b are defined as the third inner wall 222c and the fourth inner wall 222d.

[0111] Each of the inner walls 222a to 222d does not have to be a shielding body and can be composed of an inner wall material of a general room. For example, from the inside, a rear tech sheet (a vinyl chloride wall sheet), a lead sheet with a thickness of 0.3 mm, and a gypsum board with a thickness of 12.5 mm can be adopted. The thickness of each of the inner walls 222a to 222d can be appropriately selected and may include a reinforcing material as required.

[0112] The position of the living room 200 as seen from the entire administration facility unit 101 is on the side closest to the vehicle 102 among the rooms of the administration facility unit 101. That is, when the vehicle 102 is moving forward, the living room 200 is on the front side in the traveling direction (front side in the towing direction) among the rooms of the administration facility unit 101. As described above, when the size of the administration facility unit 101 is 3.4 m in width, 12 m in length, and 2.8 m in height, among the inner walls on the four sides of the front, rear, left, and right in the living room 200, the second inner wall 222b is the inner wall located on the front side in the traveling direction (front side in the towing direction), and the third inner wall 222c and the fourth inner wall 222d are provided along the wall of the outer shell 444 that constitutes the 12 m length of the administration facility unit 101.

[0113] The bed 201 is a single-person bed and is arranged such that the long side direction of the bed 201 is along the third inner wall 222c. The head side of the subject lying on the bed 201 can be directed toward the first inner wall 222a where the sliding door 202 is provided, and the foot side of the subject can be directed toward the second inner wall 222b where the pseudo window 303 is arranged. Incidentally, the head side of the subject lying on the bed 201 may be directed toward the second inner wall 222b where the pseudo window 303 is arranged, and the foot side of the subject may be directed toward the first inner wall 222a where the sliding door 202 is provided. The bed 201 can be fixed to the floor 2201 or the like as required.

[0114] In addition to the bed 201 and the other equipment described above, the living room 200 is provided with a handrail 305 and a lighting switch 306 as shown in FIG. 8, and also includes a desk, a wireless LAN, and an air conditioning sensor (temperature and humidity). The power outlet 214 (100V, 15A) and the on-call equipment 301 can be arranged in the small item storage area 2225 provided on the second inner wall 222b.

[0115] The dummy window 303 is installed on the second inner wall 222b. The side surface covered by the second inner wall 222b corresponds to the side surface among the four side surfaces of the front, rear, left, and right of the outer housing 444 of the administration facility unit 101 where the pipes of the air supply and exhaust system, various wirings, and other facilities are not installed. The installation height of the dummy window 303 from the floor 2201 is provided at a position higher than the position of the subject lying on the bed 201.

[0116] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrow in the cutting line A-A' shown in FIG. 9, and FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrow in the cutting line B-B' shown in FIG. 9. The dummy window 303 is installed in the gap between the second inner wall 222b and the outer housing 444, and is configured to emit light toward the inside of the living room 200 through an opening 222b1 provided in a part of the second inner wall 222b. A panel 222b2 made of a light-transmitting material is fitted in the opening 222b1 provided in the second inner wall 222b, and for example, a panel made of acrylic or glass can be adopted. The periphery of the panel 222b2 is surrounded by a frame 222b3, and the frame 222b3 is designed to resemble a window frame when viewed from the indoor side of the living room 200.

[0117] The dummy window 303 has a built-in lighting device. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the dummy window 303 as a lighting device is provided with a light source 3031 at a position hitting the back surface of the frame 222b3. The light emitted from the light source 3031 is diffusely reflected by the panel 222b2 made of a light-transmitting material and the back surface 3032 of the dummy window 303 (lighting device), and emits light from the panel 222b2 toward the inside of the living room 200. The light emitted from the light source 3031 can have a color tone similar to that of external light (sunlight). Therefore, when the dummy window 303 is viewed from the indoor side of the living room 200, it gives the viewer (mainly the subject) a feeling of a window that takes in external light, reduces the sense of confinement that may occur to the subject living in the living room 200, and enables the provision of a comfortable indoor treatment environment.

[0118] The pseudo window 303 as a lighting device has a dimming function, can increase or decrease the light intensity according to the time, and can pseudo-reproduce the same daylighting as sunlight. Thereby, it can be expected to assist the subject sleeping in the living room 200 to wake up naturally. Further, the physical condition of the subject is measured over time via a sensor (such as heart rate, blood pressure, or other vital signs) for measuring the physical condition of the subject, and based on the information (measurement result), the pseudo window 303 may change the color tone in the living room 200. Thereby, it is also possible to calm the health state of the subject. For example, when the heart rate is increasing, the pseudo window 303 emits light that changes the color tone in the living room 200 to a cold color system, thereby suppressing the excessive excitement of the subject.

[0119] The pseudo window 303 is not limited to a lighting device, and may be realized by incorporating a display device. When realizing the pseudo window 303 as a display device, a well-known display device is adopted, and the display surface of the display device is superimposed on a panel 222b2 fitted in an opening 222b1 provided on the second inner wall 222b. Note that the display surface of the display device may be constituted by the panel 222b2.

[0120] The pseudo window 303 which is a display device can display a specific still image or moving image. It is possible to display an image that can give the subject a feeling similar to that of a real window, that is, a window through which the outside world can be seen.

[0121] As another example, the pseudo window 303 which is a display device can be used as a window for checking the outside world by projecting an image (video) obtained from a camera installed on the outer wall of the management area (for example, the surveillance camera 302 installed on the outer wall of the workroom 400 in FIG. 1). By obtaining information about visitors and other external information in real time, it helps to reduce the sense of isolation of the subject.

[0122] As another example, similar to a so-called video conference, the pseudo window 303, which is a display device, can be used as an information medium for conversations with any party. For example, it can be used for two-way conversations or confirmations with outpatient departments in a hospital, etc., or for contacting close relatives or relevant persons such as patient visits. It can be used as a general digital user interface.

[0123] In addition, the pseudo window 303, which is a display device, can enable reference to matters accessible to the subject on the electronic medical record. Thereby, it projects schedules and the like related to the treatment plan, such as the treatment elapsed time, the schedule until withdrawal, and the next scheduled consultation date, and shares the progress of the treatment actions between the subject and medical staff. It can also be used as a digital tool available for explanations from doctors to patients and explanations of future medical schedules from nurses. Further, the pseudo window 303, which is a display device, can also call and display various examination images (such as CT and PET images) from a predetermined storage device.

[0124] Regardless of which mode the pseudo window 303 adopts, the pseudo window 303 itself is a facility equipped with a wall. Therefore, the work load such as fixation required during movement can be significantly reduced.

[0125] Here, when showing the position of the pseudo window 303 in the entire administration facility unit 101 and the positional relationship between the pseudo window 303 and the bed 201 in Example 1 of FIG. 13, the entire administration facility unit 101 of the trailer house type has a rectangular planar shape as also shown in FIG. 1. In the entire planar rectangular administration facility unit 101, the pseudo window 303 is arranged on the inner wall of one of the side surfaces along a pair of short sides. The bed 201 is arranged along the inner wall of one of the side surfaces along a pair of long sides.

[0126] Here, as shown in Example 2 of FIG. 13, even when a living room 200 is partitioned on one of the side surfaces along a pair of short sides of the planar rectangular administration facility unit 101 and the planar shape of the living room 200 is a square (the shape of the floor surface is a square), the position of the pseudo window 303 and the position of the bed 201 are the same as in Example 1 of FIG. 13. That is, among the four side surfaces of the planar square living room, the pseudo window 303 is arranged on the side surface corresponding to one of the side surfaces along a pair of short sides of the planar rectangular administration facility unit 101. Further, the bed 201 is arranged along the side surface corresponding to one of the side surfaces along a pair of long sides of the planar rectangular administration facility unit 101 among the four side surfaces of the planar square living room.

[0127] In the above, the mode in which the pseudo window 303 is provided on the second inner wall 222b of the living room 200 has been described. Instead of this, or further, the pseudo window 303 can be installed on the other inner walls 222a, 222c, 222d.

[0128] Also, a mode in which the pseudo window 303 is provided on the fifth inner wall 222e covering the ceiling surface of the living room 200 may be adopted. This mode can also be installed in combination with the above-described second inner wall 222b or the inner walls 222a, 222c, 222d covering the other left, right, front, and rear side surfaces of the living room 200.

[0129] The pseudo window 303 provided on the fifth inner wall 222e covering the ceiling surface is expected to substitute for a skylight, and can be realized as a lighting device that changes the color tone of the light source so as to match the color tone according to the actual time. In addition, it can be realized as a display device that displays an image of a scenery (scenery of the sky such as the starry sky and the sunset sky) that would be visible through a skylight.

[0130] In the above, the pseudo window 303 is installed in a mode where only one is installed substantially at the center of the second inner wall 222b, but the installation position is not limited to the center. Also, the number of installations may be two or more. Also, a mode in which an image corresponding to the installation position is displayed may be adopted. That is, when it is installed above the second inner wall 222b, it is possible to adopt the same specifications as the above-described skylight.

[0131] In addition, the pseudo window 303 may be switched by appropriately combining the above-described plurality of examples. For example, based on the illumination type pseudo window by the light of the light source 3031, it may be switched to the image of the treatment plan temporarily only when explaining to a doctor or the like.

[0132] As described above, improving the living room of the subject by providing the pseudo window 303 in the living room 200 is very meaningful. When administering a radiopharmaceutical and treating a disease such as cancer, the subject is forced to convalesce in a controlled area for a certain period so that the general public is not exposed to the radiation generated from the radiopharmaceutical administered into the body. Generally, the controlled area for such convalescence is called a radiotherapy ward or the like and is surrounded by a shielding structure for radiation protection. As a result, the space corresponding to the patient's living area is covered by shielding bodies on all six sides, top, bottom, front, back, left, and right, making it difficult to provide a window that is commonly present in a general ward in an uncontrolled area. Not only ventilation but also daylighting is impossible. That is, while in a situation of extremely high mental stress due to illness convalescence, the opportunity to contact nature and the outside world is lost, resulting in a difficult-to-quantify attenuation of the patient's quality of life (QOL). Minimizing this attenuation with the pseudo window 303 and realizing a comfortable indoor treatment environment have great significance.

[0133] In the above, the administration facility unit capable of conducting clinical trials, clinical studies, and treatments using substances containing alpha-emitting radionuclides has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the administration facility unit of the present embodiment can conduct clinical trials, clinical studies, and treatments using substances containing beta-emitting radionuclides. For example, I-131 (iodine) may be included, or Y-90, Lu-177, Sc-47, Sm-153 (yttrium, lutetium, scandium, samarium), or Cu-67 (copper) may be included.

[0134] The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible within the scope shown in the claims, and these are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

[0135] 〔Summary〕 〔1〕An air conditioner provided in a radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility having a radiation control area partitioned into a plurality of rooms, An air supply device for supplying air to each of the plurality of rooms, An exhaust device for exhausting air from each of the plurality of rooms, A pipe that bypasses between the air supply device and the exhaust device, and a pipe that directly flows a part of the air sent from the air supply device to the exhaust device, A flow rate control valve attached to the pipe for adjusting the amount of air flowing through the pipe, Comprising, Air conditioner.

[0136] 〔2〕The air supply device includes an air supply damper, air supply pipes respectively arranged between the air supply damper and each of the plurality of rooms, and air supply amount control valves attached to the respective air supply pipes, The exhaust device includes an exhaust damper, exhaust pipes respectively arranged between the exhaust damper and each of the plurality of rooms, and exhaust amount control valves attached to the respective exhaust pipes, The air supply amount of the air supply damper and the exhaust amount of the exhaust damper are adjusted so that each of the plurality of rooms has a negative pressure, The pipe is a direct connection pipe connecting the air supply damper and the exhaust damper, and a part of the air supplied from the air supply damper directly flows to the exhaust damper. The air conditioner according to 〔1〕.

[0137] 〔3〕The flow rate control valve adjusts the amount of air flowing through the pipe at an arbitrary ratio between 0 and 100%, The air conditioner according to 〔1〕 or 〔2〕.

[0138] 〔4〕A transportable or self-propelled radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility unit including the air conditioner according to 〔1〕 or 〔2〕 above.

[0139] 〔5〕It is a container or a trailer house, The radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility unit described in [4].

Industrial Applicability

[0140] The present invention can be used in a treatment facility that develops therapeutic drugs containing radionuclides, conducts approval tests for the developed therapeutic drugs, and performs treatments using the approved therapeutic drugs.

Explanation of Signs

[0141] 101: Administration facility unit (radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility, radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility unit), 101b: Entrance / exit, 102: Vehicle, 200: Living room, 201: Bed, 205: Side, 209: Flush toilet, 210: Shower, 211: Water supply tank, 213: Lighting, 214: Socket, 222a: First inner wall, 222b: Second inner wall, 222b1: Opening, 222b2: Panel, 222b3: Frame, 222c: Third inner wall, 222d: Fourth inner wall, 222e: Fifth inner wall, 300: Toilet room, 301: On-call facility, 302: Surveillance camera, 303: False window, 306: Lighting switch, 400: Workroom, 402: Air supply and exhaust port, 430: Air conditioner, 403: Exhaust intake, 408: Radioactive wastewater storage tank, 410: Radioactive wastewater discharge port, 420: Contamination inspection room, 444: Outer casing, 444f: Bottom, 450: Air supply device, 455: Air supply pipe, 456: Air supply volume control valve, 470: Exhaust device, 471: Exhaust damper, 472: Exhaust filter, 473: Exhaust blower, 474: Exhaust port, 475: Exhaust pipe, 476: Exhaust volume control valve, 481: Drain pipe, 490: Bypass mechanism, 491: Direct connection pipe (pipe), 492: Flow control valve, 500: Management room, 501: Outdoor air intake 、 502: Intake filter, 503: Intake blower, 504: Air supply damper, 600: Storage room, 700: Room, 800: Duct space, 2202: Chassis, 2203: Wheel, 2204: Ground surface, 2205: Step structure, 2403: Water level sensor, 3031: Light source, 3032: Back

Claims

1. An air conditioner installed in a radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility having a radiation control area partitioned into a plurality of rooms, an air supply device for supplying air to each of the plurality of rooms, an exhaust device for exhausting air from each of the plurality of rooms, a pipe that bypasses between the air supply device and the exhaust device, and directly flows a part of the air sent from the air supply device to the exhaust device, a flow rate control valve attached to the pipe for adjusting the amount of air flowing through the pipe, and comprising an air conditioner.

2. The air supply device includes an air supply damper, air supply pipes respectively arranged between the air supply damper and each of the plurality of rooms, and an air supply amount control valve attached to each air supply pipe, The exhaust device includes an exhaust damper, exhaust pipes respectively arranged between the exhaust damper and each of the plurality of rooms, and an exhaust amount control valve attached to each exhaust pipe, The air supply amount of the air supply damper and the exhaust amount of the exhaust damper are adjusted so that each of the plurality of rooms becomes a negative pressure, The pipe is a direct connection pipe connecting the air supply damper and the exhaust damper, and directly flows a part of the air supplied from the air supply damper to the exhaust damper, The air conditioner according to Claim 1.

3. The flow rate control valve adjusts the amount of air flowing through the pipe at an arbitrary ratio between 0 and 100%, The air conditioner according to Claim 1 or 2.

4. A transportable or self-propelled radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility unit equipped with the air conditioner according to Claim 1 or 2.

5. A container or a trailer house, The radioactive nuclide-containing substance administration facility unit according to Claim 4.

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