WHEEL SURFACE TREATMENT MACHINE

Abstract

The invention relates to a surface treatment machine (A) that reduces residual stresses on the surface of an aluminum rim (B), increases fatigue strength and reduces microsurface roughness by applying controlled pressure force to the surface of the rim (B).

Description

1 TARIFF WHEEL SURFACE TREATMENT MACHINE TECHNICAL FIELD The invention involves applying a controlled pressure force to the surface of an aluminum wheel rim to create a protective effect on the rim surface. Now, reducing stresses, increasing fatigue resistance, and microsurface 5 It relates to surface treatment machines that help reduce roughness. PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE Various surface treatments aimed at improving the mechanical properties of metal surfaces. These methods have been used in industry for many years, especially with aluminum alloys. Lightweight metal parts produced by forging or casting methods, such as automotive wheels, 10 The product may contain residual stresses resulting from manufacturing processes, and these stresses can affect the part. This can negatively affect fatigue resistance. Therefore, the lifespan of the rims... Surface tightening and stress relief processes aimed at increasing performance are common. is being implemented. Within the current technical framework, surface hardening (burnishing) applied to the rim surface is 15. These operations are generally performed on CNC lathes. In these systems... A rotating ball or a special pressing tip makes contact with the rim surface with a specific pressing force. By applying pressure, plastic deformation is created on the surface, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the surface. Its durability is being increased. However, most commonly used CNC machines have five... Because it lacks axial movement capability, the rim can fully accommodate complex surface geometries in 20mm increments. It is unable to follow the pattern correctly; especially on raised, recessed, and sloping surfaces, it is difficult to print at the correct angle. This makes application difficult. As a result, the crushing effect is not homogeneous on the rim surface. This cannot be conveyed as such, and in some areas the desired stress relief and surface improvement are not achieved. Performance cannot be ensured. In addition, the pressure force applied in previous techniques was mostly controlled by indirect methods. 25 This allows for the instantaneous verification of the actual force transferred to the surface. This is not possible. This situation makes process quality dependent on operator experience. and can lead to the formation of undesirable surface defects. In current systems The lubricating fluid used during the crushing process is also poured into the workbench and consumed; this 2 This leads to both high consumption costs and negative environmental impacts. Because there is no closed lubrication circuit with filtration and recovery support, the process It is disadvantageous both economically and in terms of sustainability. In addition, in traditional clamping mechanisms used in CNC machines There is an active monitoring system that verifies whether the rim is mounted correctly. 5 It does not work. When the rim does not sit properly on the surface, the crushing process is carried out incorrectly, which... This process can both reduce product quality and create serious safety risks. Beforehand, determining whether the wheel is in the correct position is entirely up to the operator. It depends on your control. The previous technique also has significant limitations in loading and unloading processes. CNC 10 In rim-based systems, the process of bringing the rims into the processing area and removing them after processing is significant. This is largely done manually, which both increases cycle time and reduces efficiency. This poses a safety risk. The surface of automated robotic handling systems. Solutions that integrate this into the crushing process are limited and are usually specific to the rim surface. It is not optimized to provide full automation. 15 THE PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to eliminate the aforementioned problems and provide technical solutions in the relevant field. It is introduced with the aim of creating an innovation. The purpose of the invention is to reduce residual stresses on the surface of aluminum rims that arise from manufacturing. reducing fatigue, increasing fatigue resistance and decreasing microsurface roughness 20 The aim is to improve the mechanical strength and surface integrity of the rim. Another objective of the invention is to ensure the rim is positioned at the correct angle to suit complex surface geometries. homogenizing the surface treatment effect by ensuring the application of pressure to provide. Another purpose of the invention is to enable real-time measurement of the pressure force applied to the surface. The aim is to increase process accuracy and repeatability by providing this. Another purpose of the invention is to automatically verify that the rim is securely fixed in the correct position on the holder. The aim is to eliminate risks associated with incorrect connection by ensuring that it is verified. 3 Another purpose of the invention is to recover the oil or hydraulic fluid used for the crushing process. The goal is to recover, filter, and reuse the waste. Another objective of the invention is to make the surface treatment process stable and independent of operator dependence. The goal is to offer a machine structure that performs reliably and with high precision. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 5 All the purposes mentioned above and those that will emerge from the detailed explanation below. The invention presented here is a surface treatment machine. The invention involves the covering of the entire surface of a rim via a sphere that can rotate freely around its center. by applying a constant pressure force along its geometry, thereby reducing the rim surface. Now, reducing stresses, increasing fatigue resistance, and microsurface 10 At least one crushing tool that enables the reduction of roughness, the tip of the said crushing tool the ability to rotate by making point-by-point contact with the rim surface located in that part having and providing high compressive strength and wear resistance, carbide or special The spherical ball, made of alloy steel, prevents the wear of the aforementioned spherical ball. To prevent this, oil or hydraulic fluid should not come into contact with the surface of the spherical ball bearing for 15 minutes. at least one lubricant positioned on the crushing tool to enable its guidance. the channel, all the bumps, grooves, curves and the aforementioned crushing tool on the surface of the rim Six-axis movement to enable pressure to be applied perpendicular to the channel geometries. The first robotic arm that possesses the capability and carries the aforementioned overwhelming force, a machine on which the operational components of a surface treatment machine are mounted 20 the base, positioned on the edge regions of the machine base and surface treatment machine Undesirable substances, whether fluid or particulate, that form inside are released into the external environment. at least one side wall to prevent splashing, the entry of the rims into the surface treatment machine and allowing for output and being able to automatically open and close during the work cycle At least one door configured on the side wall as shown, with the rim mounted on the machine base at 25° with its positioning, the rim during the working cycle of the surface treatment machine at least one retainer that holds the rim in place and allows it to rotate on its own axis, to ensure that the rim is securely fixed in the correct position on the holder positioned on the holder and gripping the rim surface at the desired position. at least 30 The air hole is removed from the wheel's waiting area and placed inside the surface treatment machine. positioning on the holder and surface treatment of the completed rims on the machine 4 at least a second robotic arm that enables the removal of the wheels from inside, the wheels of which are removed by the second robotic arm. at least one clamp that allows it to be carried on the end connection, on the crushing tool collecting and filtering the oil or hydraulic fluid flowing through the lubrication channel, and at least one that redirects it back to the lubrication channel in question. 5 on the aluminum wheel surface to be characterized by containing a recycling line. Reducing residual stresses on the rim surface by applying controlled pressure force, a surface that enables increased fatigue resistance and reduced microsurface roughness It is related to the processing machine. A preferred configuration of the invention is the connection of the overwhelming team with the end connection of the first robotic arm. positioned between them and the aforementioned crushing tool applying pressure to the surface is 10 It contains at least one sensor element that enables the measurement of its value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1 shows the front view of the surface treatment machine. Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the surface treatment machine. Figure 3 shows a top view of the surface treatment machine. 15 Figure 4 shows the surface treatment machine from the left. EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE NUMBERS IN THE FIGURES A. Surface treatment machine 1. Machine base 2. Side wall 20 21st Door 3. Container 4. Overwhelming team 5. First robotic arm 6. Second robotic arm 25 7. Pincers B. Wheel DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In this detailed description, the subject of the invention, the surface treatment machine (A), is only the subject of more To ensure a good understanding, it is explained with examples that do not create any limiting effects. The subject of the invention is to apply a controlled pressure force to the surface of the aluminum rim (B) reducing residual stresses on the surface, increasing fatigue strength and 5 It relates to the surface treatment machine (A) which enables the reduction of microsurface roughness. The subject of the invention is a surface treatment machine (A) that treats the surfaces of aluminum rims (B). Reducing stresses, increasing fatigue resistance, and microsurface controlled pressure force applied to the rim surface to reduce roughness. It is an automated surface treatment system that enables its application. Surface treatment machine 10 (A) operates based on the surface crushing (burnishing / deep rolling) principle, By creating plastic deformation on the treated surface, it compresses the subsurface layers. This creates stresses in that direction. Thus, the strength and surface of the rim (B) integrity is being enhanced. The invention is a sphere that can rotate freely around its center, as shown in figures 2-4. through a constant pressure force across the entire surface geometry of the rim (B) application and thereby reducing residual stresses on the rim (B) surface, fatigue at least one crushing element that enables increased strength and reduced microsurface roughness The team includes (4). Within the scope of the invention, a certain pressure force is applied to the surface of the rim (B), resulting in a 20 on the surface. A remedial process is being carried out. During this process, the entire surface of the rim (B) is treated. Contact is made with the surface with a controlled and constant force along its geometry, rim (2) by creating plastic deformation on the surface, tensile residue within the material This contributes to reducing stresses. Reducing stresses and the surface... As a result of compression, the fatigue strength of the rim (B) increases, and the microsurface roughness is 25 It is falling and a smoother surface structure is obtained. Thus, the rim (B) both A surface that is both mechanically strengthened and has a positive impact on its lifespan. It reaches a certain quality. The invention relates to the rim (B) surface located at the end of the mentioned crushing tool (4) It has the ability to rotate in point contact and high compressive strength of 30 spherical surfaces made of carbide or special alloy steel to provide wear resistance It contains a ball bearing. 6 Within the scope of the invention, point contact between the end part of the crushing tool (4) and the surface of the rim (B). There is a spherical ball that forms. This spherical ball is on the rim (B) surface during the process. It can rotate freely when in contact with the surface and, thanks to its rotational movement, it can move across the surface. It creates a controlled compression effect. The spherical ball is made of carbide or special alloy. Manufactured from a material that offers high compressive strength and wear resistance, such as steel, 5 It provides resistance to the high forces generated during the process, and This enables the achievement of long-lasting and stable surface treatment performance. Thanks to this spherical ball structure, the pressure applied to the rim (B) surface is evenly distributed. This ensures the continuity of the surface treatment process. The invention involves using oil or hydraulic fluid to prevent wear of the aforementioned spherical ball bearing. crushing tool (4) that will enable it to be directed to the spherical surface of the ball in question It contains at least one lubrication channel located on its surface. Within the scope of the invention, at least one lubrication channel is located on the crushing tool (4). This provides a lubrication system that prevents wear on the spherical ball. This lubrication channel allows oil or hydraulic fluid to directly reach the spherical ball 15 during operation. This allows the spherical ball to be directed to the surface of the rim (B). Friction is reduced in the contact area between the two surfaces, preventing surface damage. and the rotational movement of the spherical ball occurs more stably and with lower resistance. This is ensured. Thanks to lubrication, both operational quality is maintained and global The service life of the ball is extended. This lubrication channel is part of the 20-degree surface treatment process. It contributes to the continuous, reliable and highly accurate execution of the process. The invention is based on the crushing tool (4) of the rim (B) surface as shown in figures 2-4. Printing perpendicular to all the relief, recess, curve and channel geometries on its surface. It has six-axis movement capability to enable its implementation and on it It includes the first robotic arm (5) carrying the aforementioned overwhelming team (4). 25 Within the scope of the invention, the raised, recessed, and curved areas located in different regions of the surface of the rim (B) are covered. and to enable pressure to be applied appropriately to variable geometries such as channels. For this purpose, the first robotic arm (5) with six-axis movement capability is used. First robotic arm (5), thanks to its wide range of motion, crushes the rim (B) of the crushing tool (4) This makes it possible to orient it at the correct angle at every point on its surface. The first 30 The multi-axis structure of the robotic arm (B) allows the rim (B) to handle inclined or complex sections of the surface. By applying pressure in the perpendicular direction, the surface treatment process is homogeneous and controlled. 7 and ensures that it is carried out with high precision. In this way, the crushing process is done on the rim. (B) applied consistently across the entire surface geometry and surface enhancement effect. The same quality is obtained at every point. The invention relates to the operational surface treatment machine (A) as shown in figures 1-4. It includes a machine base (1) on which its components are mounted. 5 Within the scope of the invention, the entire surface treatment machine (A) as shown in figures 1–4. structural requirements for the safe and stable operation of operational units There is a machine base (1) that provides support. This machine base (1) is placed on the loads, vibrations and dynamics generated by the assembled components during operation It is designed to carry and balance the forces. Machine base (1), surface 10 is the basic element that forms the structural integrity of the machining machine (A), other the correct positioning of the components and the high surface treatment machine (A) It allows for precise operation. The invention is located on the edge regions of the machine base (1) as shown in Figure 1. and unwanted fluid or particles formed inside the surface treatment machine (A) 15 It contains at least one side wall (2) which prevents substances from splashing into the external environment. Within the scope of the invention, the edge regions of the machine base (1) as shown in Figure 1 There is at least one side wall (2) installed. These side walls (2) have surface treatment. in addition to the fluids and lubricating liquids formed during the process inside machine (A) metal particles that may come from outside can enter or exit the surface treatment machine (A) 20 It acts as a protective barrier by preventing splashing into the environment. Side wall (2) Thanks to its structure, the operation area is limited within the surface treatment machine (A), This both maintains the cleanliness of the working environment and increases operator safety. The invention relates to the inlet of the rims (B) into the surface treatment machine (A) as shown in Figure 1 and 25 that allows for output and can be automatically opened and closed during the work cycle. The figure includes at least one door (21) configured on the side wall (2). Within the scope of the invention, the device is positioned on the side wall (2) as shown in Figure 1. There is at least one door (21). This door (21) is the surface treatment machine (A) of the rims (B). to ensure it is taken inside and taken out after the process is complete It is designed for the purpose of the door (1) structure, the working cycle of the surface treatment machine (A) 30 It is configured to automatically turn on and off during this time. Thus 8 The entry and exit processes of the rims (B) are safe and controlled without requiring operator intervention. and can be performed seamlessly; even when in the closed position. the fluid or particles formed inside the surface treatment machine (A) to the outside environment Its spread is also being prevented. The invention involves mounting the rim (B) onto the machine base (1) as shown in figures 2-4. during the working cycle of the surface treatment machine (A) with its positioning minimum that allows the rim (B) to be held stationary and the rim (B) to be rotated on its own axis It includes a holder (3). Within the scope of the invention, the rim (B) is mounted on the machine base (1) as shown in figures 2–4. After correctly positioning the rim (B), keep it stable during operation and process 10 at least one holder (3) to rotate it around its own axis according to its requirements This holder (3) is used to position the rim (B) inside the surface treatment machine (A). by providing protection, the rim (B) will not slip or be unwanted during the crushing process. It prevents the rim (B) from making movements. At the same time, it allows the rim (B) to move in a controlled manner. by allowing it to be rotated, the crushing tool (4) covers all areas of the rim (B) surface 15 This enables the process to reach its destination and be applied homogeneously. Thus, both Both processing accuracy and surface finishing performance are improved. Within the scope of the invention, it is determined that the rim (B) is fixed in the correct position on the holder (3). positioned on the holder (3) to ensure that the holder (3) is on the rim (B) If the surface grips in the desired position, it closes and the pressure inside the holder (3) is 20 It contains at least one air vent that allows for the creation of an increase in pressure. Within the scope of the invention, it is determined that the rim (B) is correctly placed and fixed on the holder (3). At least one air hole on the holder (3) so that it can be checked This air vent is positioned so that the retainer (3) can position the surface of the rim (B) in the desired position. When it is gripped, it closes completely and as a result the 25 inside the holder (3) This allows the air pressure to increase. The increase in pressure causes the rim (B) to move correctly. It serves as feedback indicating that it is connected in the correct position. If the rim (B) is correct If not positioned correctly, the air vent will not close and the pressure inside the holder (3) will not increase. And this situation is detected by the control unit as an incorrect connection. Thus, the process... The cycle is 30 only if the rim (B) is correctly and securely fixed. By initiating this process, both transaction accuracy and operational safety are improved. 9 The invention involves taking the rims (B) from the waiting area and bringing them to the surface as shown in figures 1-4. positioning the holder (3) inside the machining machine (A) and the operation enabling the removal of the completed rims (B) from the surface treatment machine (A). It includes at least one second robotic arm (6). Within the scope of the invention, the surface treatment process is automated and 5 as shown in figures 1–4. At least one second robotic arm (6) to ensure uninterrupted operation This second robotic arm (6) is used to position the rims (B) before processing. taken from the waiting area and into the holder (3) inside the surface treatment machine (A). It ensures that it is positioned correctly. After the process is completed, the surface of the rims (B) The safe removal of the processing machine (A) from inside is again done by this second robotic arm 10 (6) is carried out through. Thus, the transport, positioning and (B) of the rims Extraction processes are automated without the need for operator intervention. This is being implemented; both operational efficiency is increased and human error and workplace accidents are reduced. The risk is minimized. The invention is the end connection of the rims (B) to the second robotic arm (6) 15 as shown in figures 1-4. It contains at least one claw (7) that enables it to be carried on it. Within the scope of the invention, the wheels (B) are designed to be safe and controlled, as shown in figures 1–4. positioned at the end connection of the second robotic arm (6) so that it can be moved in this way There is at least one clamp (7). This clamp (7) holds the rim (B) in place before processing. Taking from the area, place it in the correct position in the holder (3) inside the surface treatment machine (A) 20 transmit and when the process is complete, remove the rim (B) from the surface treatment machine (A). It grips again. The clamp (7) structure prevents the rim (B) from slipping during transport, designed to prevent it from falling or being mispositioned, second working in harmony with the movements of the robotic arm (6) the wheels (B) are automatically and precisely This allows it to be transported in this way. Thus, the rim (B) enters and exits the machining process 25 the stages are seamless, safe and require no operator intervention. It can be accomplished. Within the scope of the invention, the oil flowing through the lubrication channel on the crushing tool (4) or the hydraulic fluid is collected, filtered, and then channeled into the aforementioned lubrication channel. It includes at least one recycling line that allows for redirection. 30 Within the scope of the invention, the spherical ball is lubricated through the lubrication channel on the crushing tool (4). The diverted oil or hydraulic fluid, after leaving the surface during the process, returns to a point of origin. It is collected via the conversion line. This collected liquid is then used by the surface treatment machine (A). The water is passed through a filtering unit inside, removing dirt, metal particles, or other contaminants. It is purified from other unwanted substances. The filtered fluid is then reused. It is redirected to the lubrication channel and made reusable. This is the recycling line. Thanks to this, oil consumption is reduced, environmental waste generation is limited, and lubrication is improved. The quality and continuity of the crushing process are ensured by providing a constant and clean flow throughout the process. is being increased. Within the scope of the invention, between the crushing tool (4) and the end connection of the first robotic arm (5) the pressure force applied to the surface by the positioned and mentioned crushing team (4) It contains at least one sensor element that enables the measurement of its value. 10 Within the scope of the invention, the pressing force applied by the crushing tool (4) to the surface is accurate and continuous. In order to be able to follow this, the end connection of this crushing tool (4) and the first robotic arm (5) At least one sensor element is located between them. This sensor element is positioned within the crushing tool. (4) Control by sensing the force values ​​that occur when the rim (B) surface comes into contact. It provides feedback to the unit. Thus, the amount of pressure force applied during the process is 15%. Whether it is at the target level can be checked instantly, and action can be taken if necessary. The stability of the surface treatment process is ensured by automatically adjusting the parameters. Repeatability is ensured. Sensor element structure, surface improvement. This contributes to a homogeneous effect and increases process safety. The scope of protection of the invention is specified in the claims attached hereto, and these detailed 20 The explanation cannot be limited to those given for illustrative purposes. Because a technically skilled person... the person, without deviating from the main theme of the invention, in light of what has been described above, similar It is clear that these structures can emerge.

Claims

11 REQUESTS 1. The invention describes the application of a controlled pressure force to the surface of an aluminum rim (B) to create a rim (B). reducing residual stresses on the surface, increasing fatigue resistance, and The surface treatment machine (A) enables the reduction of microsurface roughness, Feature; 5  The entire rim (B) is connected via a sphere that can rotate freely around its center. applying a constant compressive force along the surface geometry and this This reduces residual stresses on the rim (B) surface, fatigue enabling increased strength and reduced microsurface roughness. at least one overwhelming team (4), 10  with the rim (B) surface located at the end of the mentioned crushing team (4) capable of rotating at point contact and with high pressure carbide or special alloy to provide strength and wear resistance spherical ball made of steel,  To prevent wear of the aforementioned spherical ball bearing, use oil or hydraulic fluid. 15 will direct the liquid towards the surface of the spherical ball. At least one lubrication channel located on the crushing tool (4) as shown,  all the reliefs on the surface of the rim (B) of the mentioned crushing team (4), applying pressure perpendicular to the geometries of cavities, curves and channels It has six-axis movement capability to provide and has 20 The first robotic arm (5) carrying the aforementioned overwhelming team (4),  Mounting the operational components of the surface treatment machine (A) on it a machine base (1),  located on the edge regions of the machine base (1) and surface treatment unwanted fluid or particles formed inside machine (A) 25 at least one side wall (2) which prevents substances from splashing into the outside environment.  Enabling the entry and exit of the rims (B) to the surface treatment machine (A) and side that can be automatically switched on and off during the work cycle at least one door (21) configured on the wall (2),  With the rim (B) positioned on the machine base (1), the surface is 30 The rim (B) is fixed during the working cycle (A) of the machining machine. at least that allows the rim (B) to be held and rotated on its own axis a holder (3), 12  Ensure that the rim (B) is fixed in the correct position on the holder (3). positioned on the holder (3) to ensure that the holder is not (3) closes when the rim (B) surface grips in the desired position. at least one that allows an increase in pressure inside the holder (3) air vent, 5  The rims are taken from the waiting area (B) to the surface treatment machine (A) positioning on the holder (3) inside and completing the process enabling the removal of the rims (B) from the surface treatment machine (A) at least one second robotic arm (6),  Carrying the rims (B) on the end connection of the second robotic arm (6) 10 at least one clamp (7) that provides  oil or hydraulic fluid flowing through the lubrication channel on the crushing tool (4) the collection and filtering of the fluid and then the lubrication in question at least one recycling line that redirects it back to the channel It is characterized by its inclusion. 15 2. Surface treatment machine (A) conforming to claim 1, its feature is; crushing tool (4) and first located between the end connections of the robotic arm (5) and the aforementioned crushing tool (4) at least one that enables the measurement of the value of the pressure force applied to the surface. It includes a sensor element.

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