A drone enabled with universal fifth generation telemetry

Abstract

The present invention discloses a first of its kind 5G-enabled drone telemetry system. The system has an additional universal 5G telemetry and MIMOs integrated in to the landing gears. A universal 5G telemetry system is integrated into the drone, enabling real-time transmission of video camera and flight controller data to a base station via the cloud. Further, one or more 5G SIM cards with network bonding capabilities, providing optimal and stable bandwidth through a network amplifier. Also, one or more MIMO antennas positioned in the drone's landing gear cushioning, oriented downward to maintain connections at altitudes between 2 and 4 km. Further, a failsafe mechanism is provided to ensure secure operation and return to launch in case of connectivity or system faults.

Description

[0001] Description Title of Invention

[0002] A DRONE ENABLED WITH UNIVERSAL FIFTH GENERATION TELEMETRY

[0003] FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0004]

[0001] The present invention generally relates to the field of telecommunication and robotic engineering. More specifically relates to a 5G Enabled drone with universal 5G Telemetry that can fit to the present infrastructure.

[0005] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0006]

[0002] The following description provides the information that may be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.

[0003] Over the past decade, there has been a significant surge in the use of UAVs for various applications, including package delivery. Current systems primarily rely on remote piloting or pre-defined flight paths, limiting their autonomy and efficiency. However, recent technological advancements in UAV navigation, artificial intelligence, and sensor technology have opened up new possibilities for autonomous package delivery. These advancements have enabled UAVs to perceive their environment, navigate through obstacles, and execute complex delivery tasks. Despite these advancements, there is still a need for a system that can overcome certain limitations to ensure safe, efficient, and reliable package delivery.

[0007]

[0004] Prior art in the field of autonomous package delivery using UAVs has explored different approaches to address the challenges associated with this technology. Existing solutions often rely on GPS-based navigation systems, which are prone to errors in urban environments with tall buildings and signal interference. Furthermore, the limited battery life of UAVs restricts the distance they can cover, thereby reducing their delivery efficiency. Moreover, the lack of robust sense-and-avoid capabilities poses safety concerns, as UAVs may encounter obstacles or other aircraft during flight. These limitations highlight the need for an improved system that can navigate accurately in complex urban environments, optimize delivery routes, and ensure collision avoidance.

[0008]

[0005] Current technological advancements have seen the integration of computer vision systems in UAVs for enhanced perception and object recognition. These systems enable UAVs to identify landing zones, avoid obstacles, and interact with delivery recipients. Additionally, machine learning algorithms have been employed to optimize delivery routes, considering factors such as traffic conditions, weather, and delivery preferences. Furthermore, advancements in battery technology and energy management systems have increased flight durations and improved the overall efficiency of UAVs. However, challenges remain in real-time decision-making, efficient route planning, and ensuring reliable communication and coordination between multiple UAVs in a delivery fleet.

[0009]

[0006] Various limitations persist in existing UAV delivery systems. These include the inability to adapt to dynamically changing environments, lack of robust communication infrastructure for seamless operation, limited payload capacity for larger packages, and the risk of theft or damage to the delivered packages. Additionally, regulatory frameworks governing UAV operations and airspace management pose challenges for widespread adoption and scalability of autonomous delivery systems. To overcome these limitations and achieve a truly autonomous and efficient package delivery system, there is a pressing need for a comprehensive solution that integrates cutting-edge technologies in navigation, perception, decision-making, and communication.

[0010]

[0007] In light of the aforementioned limitations and challenges, there is an urgent need for a system that overcomes the existing constraints of autonomous package delivery using UAVs. This system should incorporate advanced algorithms for precise navigation and obstacle avoidance, optimize delivery routes in real-time, leverage artificial intelligence for intelligent decision-making, ensure secure communication and coordination among UAVs, and comply with regulatory requirements. Such a system would revolutionize the package delivery industry, offering increased efficiency, reduced costs, and improved customer satisfaction.

[0011] SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

[0012]

[0008] According to an embodiment, the present invention discloses a 5G- enabled drone telemetry system. The system comprises a drone equipped with various components, including a flight controller, GPS, ESCs, motors, sensors, cameras, and MIMO antennas. The flight controller provides control and stabilization of the drone's flight, while the GPS enables location tracking. The ESCs control the motor speed, and the motors facilitate propulsion. The sensors collect environmental data, and the cameras capture video footage. The MIMO antennas enable wireless communication.

[0013]

[0009] The 5G-enabled drone telemetry system further includes a universal 5G telemetry system integrated into the drone. This integration enables real-time transmission of video camera and flight controller data to a base station via the cloud. The universal 5G telemetry system is designed as a single compact unit, ensuring efficient operation and reduced weight. It is also compatible with various flight controllers through a UART connection.

[0014]

[0010] The system incorporates one or more 5G SIM cards with network bonding capabilities to provide optimal bandwidth through a network amplifier. The universal 5G telemetry system conducts signal tests on all SIM cards, collects data from the GPS and flight controller, and determines the best 5G route for autonomous missions.

[0015]

[0011] To maintain connections at altitudes between 2 and 4 km, the system includes one or more MIMO antennas positioned in the drone's landing gear cushioning. These antennas are equipped with beamforming capabilities to maintain optimal connections with ground-based MIMO antennas.

[0016]

[0012] In the event of connectivity or system faults, the system incorporates failsafe mechanisms to ensure secure operation and return to launch. For instance, if the telemetry signal strength is low, the system activates a circular flight pattern with a radius of 10 meters. If telemetry signal is not received, the system initiates a return to launch procedure. Additionally, in case of critical system failures or loss of telemetry signal, a parachute deployment system can be activated.

[0017]

[0013] In another aspect, the flight controller of the 5G-enabled drone telemetry system includes an integrated inertial measurement unit (IMU) for precise attitude and orientation estimation during flight. This ensures accurate and stable flight performance.

[0018]

[0014] The universal 5G telemetry system further comprises an onboard processor for data compression and encoding, optimizing bandwidth usage during transmission. This enhances the efficiency of real-time telemetry and video transmission.

[0019]

[0015] The MIMO antennas are equipped with signal tracking capabilities to adaptively adjust antenna orientation and beamforming, ensuring continuous and reliable connectivity even in dynamic environments.

[0020]

[0016] The failsafe mechanisms of the system also include the establishment of a peer-to-peer connection with nearby drones equipped with compatible telemetry systems. This allows for collaborative mission planning and coordination, expanding the capabilities and effectiveness of the drone system.

[0017] In summary, according to an embodiment, the 5G-enabled drone telemetry system and method disclosed in the invention provide enhanced capabilities for real-time telemetry and video transmission. The system's integration of advanced technologies such as 5G, MIMO antennas, failsafe mechanisms, and collaborative mission planning enables secure and efficient operation of drones in various applications.

[0021]

[0018] It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are provided as examples and can be further modified or adapted based on specific requirements and embodiments of the invention. The carpooling system and method offer a comprehensive and secure solution for carpooling, addressing concerns related to safety, convenience, and cost-sharing while fostering a sense of community among users.

[0022]

[0019] These together with other objects of the invention, along with the various features of novelty which characterize the invention, are pointed out with particularity in the disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and the specific objects attained by its uses, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which there are illustrated preferred embodiments of the invention.

[0023] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024]

[0020] The invention will be better understood and objects other than those set forth above will become apparent when consideration is given to the following detailed description thereof. Such description makes reference to the annexed drawings wherein:

[0025]

[0021] FIG. 1, illustrates a block diagram / Architecture of a telemetry system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026]

[0022] FIG. 2, illustrates a flow diagram of the telemetry system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027]

[0023] FIG. 3, illustrates a network architecture of the telemetry system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028]

[0024] FIG. 4, illustrates a detailed system architecture of the telemetry system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029]

[0025] FIG. 5, illustrates a failsafe after signal drops to a 5mbps or less in the telemetry system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] FIG. 6, illustrates a landing gears and antenna of an unmanned aerial vehicle of the telemetry system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030]

[0027] FIG. 7 illustrates another landing gears and antenna, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031]

[0028] FIG. 8, illustrates another landing gears at an inclination, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0029] While the present invention is described herein by way of example using embodiments and illustrative drawings, those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention is not limited to the embodiments of drawing or drawings described and are not intended to represent the scale of the various components. Further, some components that may form a part of the invention may not be illustrated in certain figures, for ease of illustration, and such omissions do not limit the embodiments outlined in any way. It should be understood that the drawings and detailed description thereto are not intended to limit the invention to the particular form disclosed, but on the contrary, the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. As used throughout this description, the word "may" is used in a permissive sense (i.e. meaning having the potential to), rather than the mandatory sense, (i.e. meaning must). Further, the words "a" or "an" mean "at least one” and the word “plurality” means “one or more” unless otherwise mentioned. Furthermore, the terminology and phraseology used herein is solely used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as limiting in scope. Language such as "including," "comprising," "having," "containing," or "involving," and variations thereof, is intended to be broad and encompass the subject matter listed thereafter, equivalents, and additional subject matter not recited, and is not intended to exclude other additives, components, integers or steps. Likewise, the term "comprising" is considered synonymous with the terms "including" or "containing" for applicable legal purposes. Any discussion of documents, acts, materials, devices, articles and the like is included in the specification solely for the purpose of providing a context for the present invention. It is not suggested or represented that any or all of these matters form part of the prior art base or were common general knowledge in the field relevant to the present invention.

[0030] In this disclosure, whenever a composition or an element or a group of elements is preceded with the transitional phrase “comprising”, it is understood that we also contemplate the same composition, element or group of elements with transitional phrases “consisting of”, “consisting”, “selected from the group of consisting of, “including”, or “is” preceding the recitation of the composition, element or group of elements and vice versa.

[0033]

[0031] Referring to FIGS. 1 -5, a system for autonomous package delivery using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is disclosed.

[0034]

[0032] As shown in FIG. 1 , a block diagram / Architecture of a telemetry system, which shows the internal structure of the telemetry system. Starting from the right side, there are 4 SMA connectors which can be connected to different MIMOs which are integrated into the landing gears. The SMA connectors come from 5G data card where we can connect upto 4 SIM cards from different telecom service provider. This data card will receive the signal from MIMOs and filter the appropriate band according to the SIM. This bandwidth then gets amplified. In the next phase there is an onboard computer which work on network bonding as well as video processing and receive telemetry data from flight controller and upload the same to cloud using 5G network and mavlink protocol. Below there are video input pins which have provision for 2 cameras, one for HDMI and another for USB, but this is not limited to this and there can be provision for CSI, MIPI and ethernet. On the above there are pins for GPS input which is bypassed and the onboard computer do the geotagging of the individual network speed and store it in the memory and also upload it in the cloud.

[0035]

[0033] Now coming to FIG. 2, which illustrates a flow diagram of the telemetry system, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.

[0036]

[0034] Further to FIG. 3, which depicts a network architecture of the telemetry system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; This image represents the network architecture where a drone is imagined to be flying at a height of 80 to 100mt above the ground and the towers containing MIMOs at a maximum height of 65Mt. The idea behind the image is to show that there are very low to zero number of barriers between the MIMOs and the drone which first of all declares it a zero-interference zone. There are arrows drawn on the ground MIMOs which clearly shows that the beam formation reduced as it goes up. The drone MIMOs angle ensure that majority of the beams fall on the ground and on ground MIMOs. The same will also work for drone which are flying at a height more than 1 KM also. The downtilt angle of ground MIMOs will fail to reach that height but the drone MIMOs downtilt angle will ensure that it gets connected to the ground MIMOs even at greater height and with zero to no interference.

[0037]

[0035] Furthermore to FIG. 4, illustrates a detailed system architecture of the telemetry system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; In this image the whole architecture is shown where the telemetry system role will comes into play. Here the telemetry is shown how it is connected to the flight controller system, MIMOs, cloud network, Camera and GPS. Further the MIMOs are getting network from the ground MIMOs. The uploaded data is visualized in the ground control station software.

[0036] FIG. 5, illustrates a failsafe after signal drops to a 5mbps or less in the telemetry system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; Here the drone can be seen to make a circle of preferably, but not limited to, radius 10 meter. In this mode the drone is ensured to have visual sensors and obstacle sensors active.

[0038]

[0037] The system comprises a plurality of UAVs, each equipped with perception sensors, navigation systems, and communication modules. These components enable the UAVs to effectively perceive their surroundings, navigate through various environments, and communicate with a central control unit. The central control unit is responsible for receiving delivery requests, determining optimal delivery routes, and assigning delivery tasks to the UAVs.

[0038] In one embodiment, an artificial intelligence module implemented within the central control unit facilitates intelligent decision-making for route optimization and obstacle avoidance. The Al module takes into account various factors, including traffic conditions, weather conditions, package priority, and recipient preferences. By dynamically adjusting and optimizing the delivery routes in real-time, the system ensures efficient and timely delivery while minimizing the risks associated with obstacles or adverse conditions.

[0039]

[0039] To facilitate seamless communication and coordination, the system incorporates a robust communication infrastructure. This infrastructure enables real-time communication between the UAVs and the central control unit, allowing for updates, instructions, and status monitoring during the delivery process. Furthermore, a secure data storage and retrieval system ensures the safe storage and accessibility of delivery-related information, maintaining the integrity and privacy of sensitive data.

[0040] In another aspect, the present invention introduces an apparatus for autonomous package delivery. The apparatus includes a delivery platform mounted on a UAV, featuring a secure storage compartment for packages and a mechanism for depositing packages at delivery locations. The delivery platform is further equipped with a computer vision system to identify suitable landing zones and interact with delivery recipients.

[0040]

[0041] In one embodiment, the secure storage compartment of the delivery platform is designed to prevent theft or tampering of packages during transportation. Additionally, an authentication mechanism is integrated into the apparatus to verify the identity of the delivery recipient before depositing the package. Sensors incorporated into the delivery platform detect the weight and dimensions of packages, ensuring compatibility and safe transport. Furthermore, a feedback mechanism allows for delivery confirmation to the central control unit, enabling real-time updates of the delivery status.

[0041]

[0042] The system operates as follows: Upon receiving a delivery request, the central control unit analyzes the request and determines the most suitable UAV for the task based on proximity, availability, and load capacity. The Al module considers various factors such as traffic conditions, weather forecasts, and package priority to determine the optimal delivery route. Once the assignment is made, the central control unit communicates the delivery task details to the assigned UAV.

[0042]

[0043] The UAV, equipped with perception sensors, scans its surroundings to ensure safe navigation and obstacle avoidance. The UAV's navigation system utilizes GPS, inertial sensors, and other position tracking technologies to accurately determine its location and follow the assigned route. The communication module facilitates continuous communication with the central control unit, enabling the exchange of real-time updates and instructions.

[0043]

[0044] As the UAV approaches the delivery location, its computer vision system identifies suitable landing zones, ensuring a safe and precise landing. The secure storage compartment of the delivery platform holds the package securely throughout the transportation process, protecting it from theft or tampering. Upon reaching the delivery location, the UAV employs the mechanism for depositing packages to safely place the package at the designated spot.

[0044]

[0045] Before depositing the package, the authentication mechanism within the apparatus verifies the identity of the delivery recipient. This ensures that the package is delivered to the intended recipient and reduces the risk of misplacement or unauthorized access. The weight and dimension sensors on the delivery platform ensure compatibility and safe transport of packages, preventing damage caused by exceeding weight limits or improper storage.

[0045]

[0046] Once the package is successfully delivered, the feedback mechanism relays the delivery confirmation to the central control unit. This enables realtime updates of the delivery status, providing accurate information to both the delivery recipient and the central control unit. The central control unit can track the progress of multiple deliveries simultaneously and handle any exceptions or deviations from the planned routes.

[0046]

[0047] The present invention addresses the challenges associated with autonomous package delivery by introducing a comprehensive system and apparatus. The system utilizes advanced perception sensors, navigation systems, and communication modules to enable efficient and reliable delivery operations. The integration of an artificial intelligence module ensures optimal route planning and obstacle avoidance, resulting in improved delivery efficiency and customer satisfaction. The apparatus, with its secure storage, authentication, and feedback mechanisms, provides a reliable platform for autonomous package delivery. The disclosed invention overcomes the limitations of existing technologies and offers a robust solution to meet the increasing demand for efficient and autonomous package delivery systems.

[0047]

[0048] The system comprises a fleet of UAVs, each equipped with perception sensors, navigation systems, and communication modules. These components allow the UAVs to perceive their surroundings, navigate through diverse environments, and communicate with a central control unit.

[0048]

[0049] The central control unit acts as the nerve center of the system, responsible for receiving delivery requests and coordinating the delivery tasks. It determines optimal delivery routes based on various factors such as traffic conditions, weather forecasts, package priority, and recipient preferences. The central control unit utilizes an artificial intelligence module to facilitate intelligent decision-making, route optimization, and obstacle avoidance.

[0049]

[0050] To establish seamless communication and coordination, the system incorporates a robust communication infrastructure. This infrastructure enables real-time communication between the UAVs and the central control unit, allowing for updates, instructions, and status monitoring during the delivery process. Additionally, a secure data storage and retrieval system ensures the safe storage and accessibility of delivery-related information, maintaining the integrity and privacy of sensitive data.

[0051] In terms of the apparatus, the invention introduces a delivery platform mounted on each UAV. The delivery platform features a secure storage compartment for packages and a mechanism for depositing packages at delivery locations. It also incorporates a computer vision system to identify suitable landing zones and interact with delivery recipients.

[0050]

[0052] The secure storage compartment of the delivery platform is designed to prevent theft or tampering of packages during transportation. An authentication mechanism is integrated into the apparatus to verify the identity of the delivery recipient before depositing the package. Sensors within the delivery platform detect the weight and dimensions of packages, ensuring compatibility and safe transport. Furthermore, a feedback mechanism allows for delivery confirmation to the central control unit, enabling real-time updates of the delivery status.

[0051]

[0053] In operation, upon receiving a delivery request, the central control unit analyzes the request and assigns the task to the most suitable UAV based on proximity, availability, and load capacity. The Al module within the central control unit considers various factors such as traffic conditions, weather forecasts, and package priority to determine the optimal delivery route. Once the assignment is made, the central control unit communicates the delivery task details to the assigned UAV.

[0052]

[0054] Equipped with perception sensors, the UAV scans its surroundings to ensure safe navigation and obstacle avoidance. The UAV's navigation system utilizes GPS, inertial sensors, and other position tracking technologies to accurately determine its location and follow the assigned route. The communication module facilitates continuous communication with the central control unit, enabling the exchange of real-time updates and instructions.

[0055] As the UAV approaches the delivery location, its computer vision system identifies suitable landing zones, ensuring a safe and precise landing. The secure storage compartment of the delivery platform securely holds the package throughout the transportation process, protecting it from theft or tampering. Upon reaching the delivery location, the UAV employs the mechanism for depositing packages to safely place the package at the designated spot.

[0053]

[0056] Before depositing the package, the authentication mechanism within the apparatus verifies the identity of the delivery recipient. This step ensures that the package is delivered to the intended recipient and reduces the risk of misplacement or unauthorized access. The weight and dimension sensors on the delivery platform ensure compatibility and safe transport of packages, preventing damage caused by exceeding weight limits or improper storage.

[0054]

[0057] Once the package is successfully delivered, the feedback mechanism relays the delivery confirmation to the central control unit. This enables realtime updates of the delivery status, providing accurate information to both the delivery recipient and the central control unit. The central control unit can track the progress of multiple deliveries simultaneously and handle any exceptions or deviations from the planned routes.

[0055]

[0058] Overall, the disclosed invention presents a comprehensive system and apparatus for autonomous package delivery using UAVs. By leveraging advanced technologies such as perception sensors, navigation systems, communication modules, and artificial intelligence, the system offers an efficient and reliable solution for package delivery. The secure storage, authentication, and feedback mechanisms incorporated into the apparatus ensure the safety and accuracy of the delivery process. The disclosed invention overcomes the limitations of existing technologies and meets the growing demand for autonomous and efficient package delivery systems.

[0056]

[0059] Currently, there are two categories of telemetry available. The first type focuses solely on data transmission and can cover distances ranging from 100 to 200 kilometers. However, the challenge arises when dealing with video telemetry, which operates at 5Ghz and has limited range capabilities. The most advanced video data telemetry for drones can reach distances of up to 20 kilometers, but the quality of the transmitted data is lower, and there is a higher latency involved.

[0057]

[0060] In ideal conditions, such as an area with minimal interference and a clear line of sight, the data transmission is reliable. However, in practical scenarios like urban environments, the maximum distance achievable is reduced significantly by approximately 80 to 90 percent. Beyond 4 kilometers, the ability to monitor the video footage becomes extremely challenging. This limitation poses a significant obstacle for drones engaged in manual or semi-autonomous missions where real-time video data is crucial for providing the pilot with accurate information.

[0058]

[0061] The constrained range of UAV control exacerbates this issue. When conducting essential surveillance over a location situated more than 10 kilometers away from a ground station, the pilot's actions heavily rely on the received video data. Unfortunately, under conditions of moderate to severe interference, the existing systems fail to transmit video data suitable for realtime control of the Unmanned Aerial System (UAS).

[0062] Drones equipped with 4G or 5G telemetry often encounter difficulties when operating at higher altitudes. This issue arises due to the configuration of the telecom service provider's infrastructure, which primarily caters to groundlevel users. Typically, the MIMOs (Multiple Input Multiple Output) and antennas installed on towers are tilted downwards to focus on the majority of consumers located at ground level or around 30 to 40 feet above the ground. The angle at which the antennas are positioned, known as the "down tilt angle," is carefully set to ensure that the main beam targets the main population.

[0059]

[0063] However, this setup poses challenges for drones flying between 50 and 120 meters in the air. At these altitudes, drones may experience weak or no signal reception since the antennas' beams are primarily directed towards ground-level users. This phenomenon is similar to the loss of network connectivity experienced by passengers in airplanes shortly after takeoff, where network signals rapidly diminish. The root cause of this disruption is the same as mentioned earlier: the configuration of the telecom infrastructure.

[0060]

[0064] To enable drones to operate effectively within the 5G network's airspace, a new infrastructure is necessary. However, this infrastructure comes at a higher cost for the telecom service provider. In this case, the primary users of the new system will be droning companies, rather than traditional mobile phone users. As a result, network providers will charge drone companies higher fees compared to regular mobile users in order to generate profits. Consequently, this increased cost will ultimately be passed on to the clients of drone firms who rent or utilize drones for applications requiring real-time, high-resolution video data transmission using 5G telemetry.

[0065] It is important to note that the functionality of telemetry is entirely reliant on the role played by the telecom service provider in developing the required infrastructure. Without the necessary additional infrastructure, telemetry alone is rendered ineffective.

[0061]

[0066] In one embodiment, a 5G drone telemetry system is introduced, enabling the transmission of video camera and flight controller data from the drone to the base station via the cloud. Utilizing the power of the 5G network, data is uploaded to the cloud and streamed in real time from various locations worldwide. The telemetry system is designed to leverage the existing 5G infrastructure established by telecom companies, ensuring a consistently high and stable bandwidth. The drone itself is equipped with essential components including the flight controller, GPS, ESCs, motors, sensors, cameras, and a universal 5G telemetry system.

[0062]

[0067] In another embodiment, any flight controller can be seamlessly connected to the universal 5G telemetry system using a UART (5v, RX, TX, CTS, RTS, GND) connection. To facilitate this connection, an extension board with two standard UART connections and the necessary wiring for compatibility with any flight controller is provided. One end of the extension board is linked to the telemetry system, simplifying the connection process regardless of the flight controller's pin configuration. Additionally, the telemetry system utilizes GPS input and output pins to bypass the telemetry's GPS data and directly provide it to the flight controller.

[0063]

[0068] The telemetry network incorporates spaces for four 5G SIM cards, each accompanied by a 5G data card. The system employs network bonding on all four SIM cards, combining network resources to achieve optimal bandwidth. Furthermore, a network amplifier enhances the signal strength. The MIMO antennas, crucial for the system's performance, are attached to the drone's landing gear cushioning. The incorporation of MIMOs adds weight to the drone, necessitating careful consideration. The MIMO antennas are equipped with a spring suspension mechanism linked to a fiberglass enclosure, ensuring their protection even in the event of a crash landing. To maximize bandwidth at higher altitudes, the MIMOs are oriented downward, establishing beamforming connections between the drone's MIMOs and the ground-based MIMOs, enabling reliable communication within altitudes ranging from 2 to 4 km.

[0064]

[0069] Data from the flight controller is acquired using the telemetry system, uploaded to the cloud, and displayed in the ground control station. All communication between components is facilitated using the Mavlink protocol. Additionally, the telemetry system serves additional unique functions. It conducts signal tests on all SIMs every second and gathers data from the bypassed GPS and flight controller, including latitude, longitude, and altitude. This information proves valuable in determining the most optimal 5G route for autonomous missions.

[0065]

[0070] In one embodiment, the novel features of the invention are its ability to provide a universal telemetry system that can be connected to any flight controller using a UART connection, the utilization of the Mavlink protocol for seamless communication between the flight controller and the ground station, the implementation of network bonding to ensure higher bandwidth by combining resources from four 5G SIM cards, and the integration of MIMOs into the landing gears to enhance signal reception without significantly increasing the drone's weight.

[0071] In one embodiment, the telemetry system offers universality by enabling connectivity with any flight controller worldwide. This is achieved through the provision of two types of wires, compatible with the JST SH and JST GH series connectors commonly used in flight controllers such as APM, Pixhawk 2.1.8, and others. The telemetry system leverages the widely adopted Mavlink protocol for communication between the flight controller and the ground station, facilitating easy integration with most flight controllers.

[0066]

[0072] In one embodiment, the telemetry system ensures higher bandwidth by utilizing four 5G SIM cards and network bonding. By receiving networks from multiple telecom service providers, the system maximizes the chances of receiving increased bandwidth. The incorporation of network amplification and support for both Non-Stand Alone (NSA) and Stand Alone (SA) networks allows the telemetry to adapt to various network configurations. Additionally, the inclusion of 4G LTE network capability ensures seamless connectivity even if 5G networks are unavailable. The telemetry system supports SIM cards from JIG, Airtel, and VI, covering a wide range of network bands and providing extensive network coverage.

[0067]

[0073] In one embodiment, the telemetry system addresses the challenge of incorporating MIMOs for 5G without significantly impacting drone endurance and flying altitude. By integrating antennas and MIMOs into the landing gears, the system optimizes space and reduces weight. The downward orientation of the transmitters and receivers, along with the curved arc formation of the antennas, ensures efficient signal reception. The fiberglass enclosure and retraction system protect the MIMOs from load and impact, allowing for safe landings. This approach distinguishes the invention by combining landing gear antennae with MIMOs, providing improved performance and reduced weight compared to standalone MIMOs.

[0068]

[0074] In one embodiment, the invention introduces geotagging techniques to associate network bandwidth with geographical metadata. By constantly monitoring network bandwidth and capturing latitude, longitude, and altitude data from GPS and flight controllers, the telemetry system records this information along with each SIM card's network speed. The collected data is sent to the ground station and stored externally, enabling the creation of a 5G mission pathway based on precise network speed information. This novel approach ensures a consistently strong network connection throughout the entire mission.

[0069]

[0075] In one embodiment, the telemetry system incorporates a failsafe mechanism specifically designed for 5G connectivity. By integrating a network monitoring system and 5G failsafe into the telemetry, the invention introduces enhanced safety features. The ground station receives real-time data and voice commands, such as "The Signal is Weakening" for gradual network bandwidth decreases and "Signal Strength Dropping Suddenly" for rapid drops exceeding 50 Mbps. In the event of a complete network loss, the failsafe triggers the drone to hover for five seconds before initiating a circular flight path with a ten-meter radius. If network connectivity is restored, the drone resumes its mission; otherwise, it returns to the launch site for landing.

[0070]

[0076] In one exemplary embodiment, a camera drone equipped with 5G technology is presented. This drone is designed to operate in cities with 5G connectivity, utilizing 5G telemetry for seamless communication. The drone can connect to four distinct Telecom Service Providers (TSPs), ensuring a consistent and high bandwidth throughout its operation. With this capability, the drone can effectively fly up to 2 km while maintaining a reliable network connection.

[0071]

[0077] In another exemplary embodiment, a logistics drone empowered by 5G technology is introduced. By harnessing the potential of the 5G network, this drone enables swift and efficient package delivery services. In the future, logistics operations will include rapid deliveries, such as food, groceries, and courier services, both within and between cities. The integration of 5G telemetry in these drones ensures optimal performance and control, regardless of the location of the delivery headquarters.

[0072]

[0078] In one embodiment, a universal 5G telemetry system is presented. This system supports the Mavlink protocol, enabling seamless communication between the telemetry and any UAV flight controller that also utilizes this protocol. Companies developing new flight controllers can incorporate this telemetry system, ensuring compatibility and ease of integration.

[0073]

[0079] In another embodiment, the concept of air cabs is introduced. These passenger aerial vehicles are designed to transport individuals or groups within and between cities for shorter distances. By utilizing the universal 5G telemetry system, these air cabs can establish a reliable connection with the ground, enhancing their services. Additionally, the telemetry system enables in-flight WiFi capabilities, allowing passengers to stream content seamlessly using the network provided by the telemetry.

[0074]

[0080] In one exemplary embodiment, the drones which are used for agricultural spraying will have this 5G telemetry and can get connected to the 5G network. This will help in connecting the system to internet where government entities, private entities can regulate the drone or get the real time data of the spraying system and spraying quality. This will help in generating utility reports in real time and this data will help the governing bodies to monitor drones from another state or another country. Drones which are used for crop health monitoring can also use the same for transmission of the data to the ground. As the 5G provides higher bandwidth, it can help in edge computing or cloud computing and send the post possessed videos to the ground station. UAVs which have higher flying time and flying speed like flying wing, VTOL, fixed wing, Tailsitter or other similar models can use this technology and fly to 20 to 30 kms and do surveying and can send continuous real-time high- resolution video data to the ground station.

[0075]

[0081] In one exemplary embodiment, the landing gears of the drone are enhanced by incorporating Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology. The objective is to reduce the additional weight added by MIMOs, thereby improving the drone's endurance and payload capacity. The landing gear is constructed with aluminium rods and an additional foam cushion. The circular aluminium rod is modified by adding a layer of FR4 Glass Epoxy A grade material and installing multiple transceivers over it. The rod is supported by three springs arranged in a line with a higher stiffness value. Under normal conditions, the springs compress slightly due to the drone's weight, providing adequate support. In the event of an impact landing, the load is transferred to the springs, reducing the force on the drone and the antennas. Fibreglass covers the antennas, and the rod is divided into upper and lower sections. A zigzag-patterned silicone layer covers the division between the two pieces, and the entire cylinder construction is protected by a thick layer of foam. This design ensures the safety and integrity of the drone. Despite being placed on the ground, the antennas can receive their full bandwidth due to their low ground clearance. The ground clearance depends on the foam thickness and cylinder diameter, while the impact is absorbed by the upper aluminium plate. The MIMOs, positioned at a 45-degree angle, provide wide coverage by directing their main beam downward.

[0076]

[0082] In order to perform network geotagging, GPS data is required. Advanced GPS modules like Neo 3 offer additional features such as LEDs and a safety switch. To utilize such GPS modules, a bypass system is implemented. The GPS module typically has various pins, including GND, BUZZER, SAFE_VCC, Safety_SW_LED, Safety_SW, SDA, SCL, RX, TX, 5V. However, for collecting latitude and longitude data, only RX, TX, SDA, SCL, 5V, and GND are necessary. The remaining pins are directly connected to the output line without any processing. In GPS modules that lack safety and LED pins, the latitude and longitude data can be obtained from the telemetry data received from the flight controller, along with altitude information.

[0077]

[0083] Various failsafe mechanisms are integrated into the telemetry system. If the telemetry signal falls below 5 megabits per second, the drone will autonomously initiate a circular flight path with a radius of 10 meters. If the signal is regained, the drone will resume its original trajectory, or the operator can regain manual control. In the event of an unrecoverable signal loss with a minimum speed of 5 Mbps, the drone will initiate the Return to Launch (RTL) capability. The pilot has the ability to activate or deactivate RTL while the drone is returning. If the signal strength gradually decreases, the voice command "The signal is weakening" is relayed to the Ground Control Station (GCS). Similarly, if the signal strength rapidly drops at a rate exceeding 50 Mbps, the telemetry system issues the voice command "Signal Strength Dropping Suddenly." In the case of a signal strength of zero or less than 5 Mbps, the drone immediately halts and declares "Signal Blackspot." After five seconds, the drone automatically initiates the failsafe procedure, circling in place. During this time, the drone attempts to re-establish a connection while circling or returns to the launch site to safely land.

[0078]

[0084] In one exemplary embodiment, the present invention may be applicable for, but not limited to, drone delivery, surveillance, logistics, and agricultural spraying drones, crop health monitoring drones for precision agriculture using 5G.

[0079]

[0085] It should be understood that the above detailed description is provided as an example, and the carpooling system and method can be further modified or adapted based on specific requirements and embodiments of the invention. The described features collectively contribute to a comprehensive carpooling solution, ensuring security, convenience, and cost-sharing benefits for users while promoting a greener and more sustainable mode of transportation.

[0080]

[0086] While the present invention has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it should be understood that the embodiments are illustrative and that the scope of the invention is not limited to these embodiments. Many variations, modifications, additions and improvements to the embodiments described above are possible. It is contemplated that these variations, modifications, additions and improvements fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

Claims:1 . A 5G-enabled drone telemetry system comprising: a drone equipped with a flight controller, GPS, ESCs, motors, sensors, cameras, and MIMO antennas, wherein the flight controller provides control and stabilization of the drone's flight, the GPS enables location tracking, the ESCs control the motor speed, the motors facilitate propulsion, the sensors collect environmental data, the cameras capture video footage, and the MIMO antennas enable wireless communication; a universal 5G telemetry system integrated into the drone, enabling realtime transmission of video camera and flight controller data to a base station via the cloud, wherein the universal 5G telemetry system is integrated into a single compact unit for efficient operation and reduced weight, facilitating compatibility with various flight controllers through a UART connection; one or more 5G SIM cards with network bonding capabilities, providing optimal bandwidth through a network amplifier, wherein the universal 5G telemetry system conducts signal tests on all SIM cards, collects meta data from the GPS and flight controller, stores the geotagged data and determines the best 5G route for autonomous missions;One or more MIMO antennas positioned in the drone's landing gear cushioning, oriented downward to maintain connections at altitudes between 2 and 4 km, wherein the one or more MIMO antennas are equipped with beamforming capabilities to maintain optimal connections with ground-based MIMO antennas; anda failsafe mechanism to ensure secure operation and return to launch in case of connectivity or system faults, wherein the failsafe mechanisms include activating a circular flight pattern with a radius of 10 meters in case of low telemetry signal strength and initiating a return to launch procedure if telemetry signal is not received.

2. The 5G-enabled drone telemetry system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the flight controller includes an integrated inertial measurement unit (IMU) for precise attitude and orientation estimation during flight.

3. The 5G-enabled drone telemetry system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the universal 5G telemetry system further comprises an onboard processor for data compression and encoding to optimize bandwidth usage during transmission.

4. The 5G-enabled drone telemetry system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the MIMO antennas are further equipped with signal tracking capabilities to adaptively adjust antenna orientation and beamforming to maintain optimal connectivity.

5. The 5G-enabled drone telemetry system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the failsafe mechanisms further include activating a parachute deployment system in case of critical system failures or loss of telemetry signal.

6. The 5G-enabled drone telemetry system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the universal 5G telemetry system is configured to establish a peer-to-peerconnection with nearby drones equipped with compatible telemetry systems for collaborative mission planning and coordination.

7. A method for enabling real-time telemetry and video transmission in a 5G- enabled drone system, comprising: equipping a drone with a flight controller, GPS, ESCs, motors, sensors, cameras, and MIMO antennas; integrating a universal 5G telemetry system into the drone, facilitating real-time transmission of video camera and flight controller data to a base station via the cloud; conducting signal tests on multiple 5G SIM cards with network bonding capabilities to determine the best 5G route for autonomous missions; orienting MIMO antennas downward in the drone's landing gear cushioning, equipped with beamforming capabilities for optimal connectivity at altitudes between 2 and 4 km; and implementing failsafe mechanisms to ensure secure operation and return to launch in case of connectivity or system faults.Dated this 01stday of July 2023Subham AcharyaSignature of Applicant

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