A ceramic cavity filter, an antenna filter unit and a radio device comprising the filter
The ceramic cavity filter, with its three-layer structure and metalized via holes, addresses the limitations of existing filters by providing a compact, tunable, and high-performance solution for advanced antenna systems and macro radio systems.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2023/108167
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-07-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing filters, such as metal cavity filters and dielectric filters, face challenges in achieving small size, high Q value, tunability, and low loss, which are essential for advanced antenna systems and macro radio systems.
A ceramic cavity filter is proposed, comprising a three-layer structure of ceramic dielectric layers with metal layers on the top and bottom surfaces and metallized via holes on the side surfaces, allowing for the formation of resonant cavities and enabling frequency tuning through laser engraving.
The ceramic cavity filter achieves miniaturization, low weight, low loss, tunability, high efficiency, and reliability, making it suitable for multi-channel or multi-band base station products.
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Figure CN2023108167_23012025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
A CERAMIC CAVITY FILTER, AN ANTENNA FILTER UNIT AND A RADIO DEVICE COMPRISING THE FILTERTechnical Field
[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to the technical field of communication device, and more particularly, to a ceramic cavity filter, an antenna filter unit and a radio device comprising the filter.Background
[0002] This section introduces aspects that may facilitate better understanding of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the statements of this section are to be read in this light and are not to be understood as admissions about what is in the prior art or what is not in the prior art.
[0003] With the development of mobile communication technology, a trend of miniaturization and integration is showed. Filter Unit (FU) as a key component mainly plays the role of frequency selection and it usually located in the front of radio. The quality of the FU affects the performance of the whole communication system.
[0004] At present, the filters used in base stations are mainly metal cavity filters and dielectric filters. The advantages of metal cavity filter are high quality value (Q value) , filtering accuracy, good stability and reliability, and tunability, which is suitable for various working environments. However, the disadvantages are large volume, heavy weight, large dielectric loss and high cost. Dielectric filter is designed and manufactured by using the characteristics of low loss, high dielectric constant, low frequency-temperature coefficient, and thermal expansion coefficient of dielectric materials (usually ceramics) and can withstand high power. The main advantages of dielectric filter are large power capacity and low insertion loss, but there are two major disadvantages: first, it occupies a large volume of the system compared with integrated circuits; second, dielectric filters are generally discrete devices and cannot be integrated with signal processing circuits.
[0005] Thus, there is a need to seek for a filter solution for the purpose of providing advanced antenna systems (AAS) , Macro radio systems or radios with small filter size, improved Q value and / or reduced filter loss.Summary
[0006] This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.
[0007] Nowadays, Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) and High Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (HTCC) have been widely used in communication manufacturing. LTCC technology is a way to manufacturer multilayer circuits from ceramic substrates. LTCC devices are produced by applying conductive, dielectric, and resistive metal pastes on each ceramic substrate sheet or tape as needed and then pressed together in a specified sequence, laminating them together. Modules made using LTCC technology have a hermetic and monolithic structure. This ceramic sheet of printed metal is then fired or ‘sintered’ which takes place at ‘low temperatures’ of about 850℃ (less than 1000℃) . This temperature range allows for the addition of low-resistivity conductor materials such as silver and gold instead of the molybdenum and tungsten materials typically used with HTCC processes. As to HTCC process, the ceramic sheets are fired or ‘sintered’ at ‘high temperatures’ of usually more than 1200℃.
[0008] LTCC process can be applied to the production of filters. However, as the volume decreases, traditional LTCC filters with finite size resonant structures inevitably have low Q values, and the performance of the filter deteriorates, resulting in low efficiency and energy conservation of BS. More importantly, existing LTCC filters are not tunable, making manufacturing relatively difficult. The existing HTCC filters also have similar problems.
[0009] One of the objects of the disclosure is to provide an improved solution for obtaining a small, tunable, high integrated and high-performance filter.
[0010] According to a first aspect of the disclosure, there is provided a ceramic cavity filter, comprising a first ceramic dielectric layer, a second ceramic dielectric layer and a third ceramic dielectric layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, and one or more cavities, formed in the second ceramic dielectric layer; wherein the first ceramic dielectric layer includes a metal layer covering its bottom surface and the third ceramic dielectric layer includes a metal layer covering its top surface, and wherein the second ceramic dielectric layer comprises a metal layer covered on its side surface or metallized via holes surround cavities.
[0011] In an embodiment of the disclosure, each of the first to third ceramic dielectric layers is formed by one or more ceramic substrates.
[0012] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the filter is formed through an LTCC process.
[0013] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the filter is formed through a HTCC process.
[0014] In an embodiment of the disclosure, one or more ceramic substrates are LTCC substrates or HTCC substrates.
[0015] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the metal layer of the first ceramic dielectric layer is covered on the bottom surface of the lowest ceramic substrate and the metal layer of the third ceramic dielectric layer is covered on the top surface of the highest ceramic substrate.
[0016] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the dielectric constants of the first to third ceramic dielectric layers are the same or different.
[0017] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the one or more cavities and the metal layers form corresponding one or more resonant cavities.
[0018] In an embodiment of the disclosure, air is inside the cavity.
[0019] In an embodiment of the disclosure, at least one of the one or more cavities is filled with a dielectric material with a lower or higher dielectric constant than the second ceramic dielectric layer
[0020] In an embodiment of the disclosure, a first input-output end and a second input-output end, respectively used as an input / output end and a corresponding output / input end of the filter.
[0021] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the first input-output end and the second input-output end are both located in the same or different layer of the first and the third ceramic dielectric layer.
[0022] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the first input-output end and the second input-output end are respectively connected with different cavities, and the cavity connected to the first input-output end is coupled to the next cavity in turn through a coupling window until it is coupled to the cavity connected to the second input-output end.
[0023] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the metal layer of the first or the third ceramic dielectric layer is engraved by laser to realize tuning function.
[0024] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the three ceramic cavity layers with the metal layers and the cavities form the ceramic cavity filter by LTCC or HTCC process, or the three ceramic cavity layers with the metal layers, metallized via holes and the cavities form the ceramic cavity filter by LTCC or HTCC process.
[0025] According to a second aspect of the disclosure, there is provided an antenna filter unit comprising at least one ceramic cavity filter as said in the above.
[0026] According to a third aspect of the disclosure, there is provided a radio device comprising at least one filter one ceramic cavity filter as said in the above.
[0027] According to the present disclosure, it provides a ceramic cavity filter with high integration and low loss, which can easily form a cavity through the middle layer of a three-layer structure, so as to simply form a resonant unit with the top metal layer and the bottom metal layer. Through LTCC or HTCC process, the filter can use single or multiple ceramic substrates to form each layer of the three-layer structures with different sizes and thicknesses. Moreover, the top or bottom metal layer of the filter can also be engraved by laser to realize the frequency tuning.
[0028] The ceramic cavity filter realizes miniaturization of the cavity filter, and has low weight, low loss, tunability, high efficiency and reliability. The filter of the present disclosure can be used in multi-channel or multi-band base station products such as AAS systems or radio systems.Brief Description of the Drawings
[0029] These and other objects, features and advantages of the disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments thereof, which are to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
[0030] FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a ceramic cavity filter according to an aspect of the disclosure;
[0031] FIG. 2 schematically shows a plurality of LTCC (or HTCC) substrates of each ceramic dielectric layer from a side view; and
[0032] FIG. 3 schematically shows a top view of a second ceramic dielectric layer with metallized via holes.Detailed Description
[0033] The embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only for the purpose of enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the present disclosure, rather than suggesting any limitations on the scope of the present disclosure. Reference throughout this specification to features, advantages, or similar language does not imply that all of the features and advantages that may be realized with the present disclosure should be or are in any single embodiment of the disclosure. Rather, language referring to the features and advantages is understood to mean that a specific feature, advantage, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Furthermore, the described features, advantages, and characteristics of the disclosure may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Those skilled in the relevant art will recognize that the disclosure may be practiced without one or more of the specific features or advantages of a particular embodiment. In other instances, additional features and advantages may be recognized in certain embodiments that may not be present in all embodiments of the disclosure.
[0034] Generally, all terms used herein are to be interpreted according to their ordinary meaning in the relevant technical field, unless a different meaning is clearly given and / or is implied from the context in which it is used. All references to a / an / the element, apparatus, component, means, step, etc. are to be interpreted openly as referring to at least one instance of the element, apparatus, component, means, step, etc., unless explicitly stated otherwise. Any feature of any of the embodiments disclosed herein may be applied to any other embodiment, wherever appropriate. Likewise, any advantage of any of the embodiments may apply to any other embodiments, and vice versa. Other objectives, features and advantages of the enclosed embodiments will be apparent from the following description.
[0035] In view of the shortcomings of the metal cavity filter and the dielectric filter, the present disclosure proposes a ceramic cavity filter which is easy to produce in a small size, has reliable and excellent RF performance with a high Q value and can be tuned conveniently.
[0036] FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a ceramic cavity filter according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1, the ceramic cavity filter comprises a first ceramic dielectric layer 1, a second ceramic dielectric layer 2 and a third ceramic dielectric layer 3. The first, second and third ceramic dielectric layers are stacked together from top to bottom. The dielectric constants of the first to third ceramic dielectric layers are the same or different. The first to third ceramic dielectric layers all have a certain thickness. As shown in Fig. 2, Each of the layers can be composed of one or more LTCC substrates (or HTCC substrates) respectively. The number of substrates that make up each layer can be determined according to actual needs.
[0037] The first ceramic dielectric layer comprises a metal layer 12, which is covered on the bottom surface of the first ceramic dielectric layer. The third ceramic dielectric layer also comprises a metal layer 32, which is covered on the top surface of the third ceramic dielectric layer. This means that metal layers are located between the first ceramic dielectric layer and the second ceramic dielectric layer, and between the third ceramic dielectric layer and the second ceramic dielectric layer, respectively. The whole side of the second ceramic dielectric layer 2 are covered with a metal layer 22.
[0038] If the first ceramic dielectric layer composes multiple LTCC substrates, the bottom surface of the lowest ceramic substrate is coated with the metal layer. If the third ceramic dielectric layer composes multiple LTCC substrates, the top surface of the highest ceramic substrate is coated with the metal layer. The second ceramic dielectric layer can compose multiple LTCC substrates. The multiple LTCC substrates of the second ceramic dielectric layer are laminated. The one or more cavities are hollowed out in the laminated substrates. Alternatively, the one or more cavities can be hollowed out in each LTCC substrates before they are laminated. The cavities completely penetrate through the second dielectric layer and contact with the metal layers of the first ceramic dielectric layer and the third ceramic dielectric layer. Then three layers of LTCC substrates are stacked together from top to bottom according to the order of the first to third ceramic dielectric layers, and then laminated. After the substrates of the second ceramic layer are laminated, or after all substrates of the three layers are laminated, a metal layer is coated on the side of the second ceramic dielectric layer. The metal layers can be coated on the ceramic dielectric layer through printing, spraying or other conventional technical means. The laminated LTCC substrates with the metal layers and the cavities are co-fired to form an LTCC cavity filter. A HTCC cavity filter is also made in a similar way, except that LTCC substrate is replaced by HTCC substrate.
[0039] It can be understood the substrates except the bottom one of the first layer, the top one of the third layer and those of the second layer can be used for bearing or containing other electronic components through the LTCC or HTCC progress.
[0040] The metal layers of the first to third ceramic dielectric layers enclose a resonant space, and they form one or more corresponding resonant cavities with one or more cavities of the second ceramic dielectric layer. The metal layer of the first or the third ceramic dielectric layer can be engraved by laser to realize tuning function. Different pattern of the metal layer of the first or the third ceramic dielectric layer may represent different resonant frequency.
[0041] Alternatively, the metal layer on the side surface of the second ceramic dielectric layer can be replaced by metallized via holes 22’ as shown in FIG. 3. Surround the cavities at a certain distance from the side of the second ceramic dielectric layer, metallized via holes 22’ are punched at a certain distance apart so as to form via fences. The via fences as side walls and the metal layers of the first and third ceramic dielectric layers as horizon walls enclose a resonant space. They form one or more corresponding resonant cavities with one or more cavities of the second ceramic dielectric layer. And correspondingly the laminated LTCC substrates with the metal layers of the first and third layers, metallized via holes of the second layers and the cavities are co-fired to form an LTCC cavity filter.
[0042] Although it is shown in FIG. 1 that a plane shape of the first, second and third ceramic dielectric layers is a rectangle, it can be understood that the first, second and third ceramic dielectric layers can be shaped as an arbitrary shape, such as a circle. It can be understood that when the plane shape of the first, second and third ceramic dielectric layers is a rectangle, the filter will be a cuboid, and when the plane shape of the first, second and third ceramic dielectric layers is a circle, the filter will be a cylinder.
[0043] There are one or more cavities formed in the second ceramic dielectric layer. Although it is shown in FIG. 1 that there are six cavities in the second ceramic dielectric layers, it can be understood that the number of the cavities could be arbitrary according to practical needs. For example, there could be just one cavity in the second ceramic dielectric layer. Also, there could be two or more cavities in the second ceramic dielectric layer. Generally, multiple cavities will have better filtering performance comparing with one cavity. The cavity can be formed by completely hollowing out the second ceramic dielectric layer, and its plane shape can be arbitrary, such as roughly rectangular, circular or elliptical etc. The size of each cavity can be set according to actual needs.
[0044] Usually, air is inside each cavity. Alternatively, a dielectric material with a lower or higher dielectric constant than the second ceramic dielectric layer can be filled into one or more cavities. For example, all the cavities can be full of air or the material with lower or higher dielectric constant than the second ceramic dielectric layer. Or air, the dielectric material with a lower dielectric constant and the dielectric material with a higher dielectric constant can be distributed into different cavities according to the actual needs.
[0045] The metal layers of the first to third ceramic dielectric layers and the one or more cavities in the second ceramic layer form the corresponding one or more corresponding resonant cavities 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5, 2-6. According to the direction of signal transmission, each resonant cavity is coupled through a coupling window in turn. As shown in Fig. 1, the resonant cavity 2-1 is coupled to the resonant cavity 2-2 through the coupling window 2-12, the resonant cavity 2-2 is coupled to the resonant cavity 2-3 through the coupling window 2-23, the resonant cavity 2-3 is coupled to the resonant cavity 2-4 through the coupling window 2-34, the resonant cavity 2-4 is coupled to the resonant cavity 2-5 through the coupling window 2-45, and the resonant cavity 2-5 is coupled to the resonant cavity 2-6 through the coupling window 2-56.
[0046] A first input-output end 3-2 is connected to the first resonant cavity, e.g. the resonant cavity 2-1. And a corresponding second input-output end 3-4 is connected to the last resonant cavity, e.g. the resonant cavity 2-6. If the first input-output end is used as an input end feeder, the second input-output end will be used as an output end feeder, and vice versa. The signal is input from the first input-output terminal, then sequentially from the first resonant cavity to the last resonant cavity, and finally output from the second input-output terminal.
[0047] The pattern of the first input-output end 3-2 and the second input-output end 3-4 through the metal layers could be arbitrary shape, e.g. the circle shown in Fig. 1. The pattern 3-1 and the pattern 3-3 is used for isolating input-output ends with the metal layer by removing the metal corresponding to the pattern 3-1 and the pattern 3-3 from the metal layer. The pattern 3-1 and the pattern 3-3 could be arbitrary shape, e.g. the rectangle shown in Fig. 1.
[0048] The first input-output end 3-2 and the second input-output end 3-4 can be located on the same layer or different layer. The cavities from the one connected with the first input-output end 3-2 to the one connected with the second input-output end 3-4 can be arranged with different distribution in the second ceramic dielectric layer.
[0049] In addition to forming a plurality of ceramic cavity filters in the above manner, the multiple LTCC or HTCC substrates can also carry other circuit elements to form a multilayer three-dimensional circuit substrate and realize the combination of active and passive devices. In an embodiment, an antenna filter unit or a radio device can be made with at least one filter as said in the above.
[0050] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms “up / upper” , “down / downwards” , “top” , “bottom” , “inward” , “outward” , “horizontal” , “vertical” and so on is based on the orientation or position relationship when the filter is placed in a position as shown, only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the filter or element must have a specific orientation, or must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. They should not be interpreted as limitative for the inventions revealed in the present disclosure.
[0051] References in the present disclosure to “an embodiment” , “another embodiment” and so on, indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to implement such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0052] It should be understood that, although the terms “first” , “second” and so on may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the disclosure. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed terms.
[0053] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof. The terms “connect” , “connects” , “connecting” and / or “connected” used herein cover the direct and / or indirect connection between two elements.
[0054] The present disclosure includes any novel feature or combination of features disclosed herein either explicitly or any generalization thereof. Various modifications and adaptations to the foregoing exemplary embodiments of this disclosure may become apparent to those skilled in the relevant arts in view of the foregoing description, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, any and all modifications will still fall within the scope of the non-Limiting and exemplary embodiments of this disclosure.
Claims
1.A ceramic cavity filter, comprises:a first ceramic dielectric layer (1) , a second ceramic dielectric layer (2) and a third ceramic dielectric layer (3) which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom; andone or more cavities (2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5, 2-6) , formed in the second ceramic dielectric layer (2) ;wherein the first ceramic dielectric layer (1) includes a metal layer (12) covering its bottom surface and the third ceramic dielectric layer (3) includes a metal layer (32) covering its top surface;wherein the second ceramic dielectric layer (2) includes a metal layer (22) covered on its side surface or metallized via holes (22’) surround cavities.2.The filter according to claim 1, wherein each of the first to third ceramic dielectric layers is formed by one or more ceramic substrates.3.The filter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein one or more ceramic substrates are Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic, LTCC, substrates or High Temperature Co-fired Ceramic, HTCC, substrates.4.The filter according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the metal layer (12) of the first ceramic dielectric layer (1) is covered on the bottom surface of the lowest ceramic substrate and the metal layer (32) of the third ceramic dielectric layer (3) is covered on the top surface of the highest ceramic substrate.5.The filter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the dielectric constants of the first to third ceramic dielectric layers are the same or different.6.The filter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the one or more cavities and the metal layers (12, 22, 32) of the three layers form corresponding one or more resonant cavities; or the one or more cavities, the metal layers (12, 32) of the first and third layers and the metalized via holes (22’) form corresponding one or more resonant cavities.7.The filter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein air is inside the cavity.8.The filter according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein at least one of the one or more cavities is filled with a dielectric material with a lower or higher dielectric constant than the second ceramic dielectric layer (2) .9.The filter according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising: a first input-output end (3-2) and a second input-output end (3-4) , respectively used as an input / output end and a corresponding output / input end of the filter.10.The filter according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first input-output end (3-2) and the second input-output end (3-4) are both located in the same or different layer of the first and the third ceramic dielectric layer.11.The filter according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the first input-output end and the second input-output end are respectively connected with different cavities, and the cavity connected to the first input-output end is coupled to the next cavity in turn through a coupling window until it is coupled to the cavity connected to the second input-output end.12.The filter according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the metal layer of the first or the third ceramic dielectric layer is engraved by laser to realize tuning function.13.The filter according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the three ceramic cavity layers with the metal layers and the cavities form the ceramic cavity filter by LTCC or HTCC process, or the three ceramic cavity layers with the metal layers, metallized via holes and the cavities form the ceramic cavity filter by LTCC or HTCC process.14.An antenna filter unit comprising at least one filter according to any one of claims 1 to 13.15.A radio device comprising at least one filter according to any one of claims 1 to 13.
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