Antenna unit, antenna device and communication device

Abstract

An antenna unit, an antenna device and a communication device, which relate to the technical field of communication. The antenna unit comprises: a radiation patch and a parasitic patch, which are stacked and separated from each other, wherein a plurality of feed ports and a plurality of gap slots are provided on the radiation patch, the openings of the plurality of gap slots face different feed ports, and the gap slots are slot-shaped gaps running through the radiation patch in a first direction, the first direction being a direction in which the radiation patch points to the parasitic patch; and the radiation patch is in the shape of a polygon, at least two feed ports are arranged on different diagonal lines of the polygon, and the feed ports located on different diagonal lines are used for transmitting electrical signals having the same amplitude but different phases.

Description

Antenna unit, antenna device, and communication device

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This disclosure claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on July 28, 2023, with application number 202310944940.5 and titled “Antenna Unit, Antenna Device, and Communication Device,” the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this disclosure. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna unit, an antenna device, and a communication device. Background Art

[0004] With the widespread adoption of fourth-generation mobile communication technology and the rapid development of fifth-generation mobile communication technology, the number of mobile communication devices is increasing, and users are placing higher demands on mobile communication data transmission rates. Antennas are a crucial component of mobile communications, responsible for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic waves, and their performance has a significant impact on the entire communication system.

[0005] Overview

[0006] The present disclosure provides an antenna unit, comprising: a radiating patch and a parasitic patch stacked and separated from each other, wherein the radiating patch is provided with a plurality of feeding ports and a plurality of slots, wherein the slot openings of the plurality of slots face different feeding ports, and the slots are slot-shaped slots that penetrate the radiating patch in a first direction, where the first direction is the direction from the radiating patch to the parasitic patch;

[0007] The radiation patch is in the shape of a polygon, and at least two feeding ports are arranged on different diagonals of the polygon. The feeding ports located on different diagonals are used to transmit electrical signals with the same amplitude and different phases.

[0008] In some embodiments, the slot is axisymmetric with respect to a first diagonal line, and a feeding port to which the slot opening faces is provided on the first diagonal line.

[0009] In some embodiments, the plurality of feeding ports are arranged axially symmetrically, and the axis of symmetry is the axis of symmetry of the polygon.

[0010] In some embodiments, the polygon includes a long side and a short side, and the multiple feeding ports are arranged near the same short side.

[0011] In some embodiments, the feeding ports located on the same diagonal line are used to transmit electrical signals with the same amplitude and phase, and the feeding ports located on different diagonals are used to transmit electrical signals with the same amplitude and opposite phase.

[0012] In some embodiments, the antenna unit further includes:

[0013] a dielectric plate, disposed on a side of the radiation patch facing away from the parasitic patch; and

[0014] a reflector, arranged on a side of the dielectric plate facing away from the radiation patch;

[0015] In the orthographic projection on the reflector, the radiation patch is located within the range of the dielectric plate, the dielectric plate is located within the range of the parasitic patch, and the parasitic patch is located within the range of the reflector.

[0016] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the slot is U-shaped, V-shaped, semicircular, semi-elliptical, or semi-polygonal, and the cross-sectional shape is a cross-sectional shape of the slot perpendicular to the first direction.

[0017] In some embodiments, the distance between the bottom of the slot and the feeding port is greater than or equal to 5 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm; and / or

[0018] The slit width of the slit groove is greater than or equal to 0.9 mm and less than or equal to 1.1 mm; and / or

[0019] The ratio of the bottom length of the slit groove to the wall length of the slit groove is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.62; and / or

[0020] The radiation patch is in a rectangular shape, and the ratio of the lengths of two adjacent sides of the rectangle is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 1.06.

[0021] The present disclosure provides an antenna device, comprising at least one array element, wherein the array element comprises one or more antenna units as described in any one of the items, and the multiple antenna units located in the same array element are arranged sequentially along a third direction.

[0022] In some embodiments, the array element includes a plurality of antenna units arranged coplanarly; and

[0023] The radiation patch is in the shape of a polygon, and the multiple feeding ports located in the same antenna unit are arranged close to the first side of the polygon. The direction in which the geometric center of the polygon points to the first side is the second direction. The first directions of the multiple antenna units arranged coplanar are the same, and the second directions of the multiple antenna units arranged coplanar are the same.

[0024] In some embodiments, the array element further includes:

[0025] The decoupling structure is centrally arranged between two adjacent antenna units and is separated from the two adjacent antenna units.

[0026] In some embodiments, the array element further includes: a bottom plate disposed between two adjacent antenna units, the decoupling structure being located on a side of the bottom plate close to the radiation patch;

[0027] The decoupling structure includes one or more metal plates, which are arranged along a third direction and spaced apart from each other.

[0028] In some embodiments, the length of the metal plate in the fourth direction is the same as the size of the antenna unit in the fourth direction, and the fourth direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the third direction; and / or

[0029] The distance between two adjacent metal plates is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm; and / or

[0030] The ratio of the thickness of the metal plate in the first direction to the width of the metal plate in the third direction is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1; and / or

[0031] The number of metal plates in the same decoupling structure is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 8.

[0032] In some embodiments, the array element further includes a bottom plate disposed between two adjacent antenna units, and the decoupling structure is located on a side of the bottom plate close to the radiation patch;

[0033] The decoupling structure includes: one or more E-shaped structures, and a grounding post connecting a grounding point of the E-shaped structure and the base plate, wherein the E-shaped structure is arranged parallel to the base plate, and the multiple E-shaped structures are spaced apart from each other in a plane parallel to the base plate and arranged sequentially in a fourth direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction and the third direction;

[0034] The opening of the E-shaped structure is oriented along a fourth direction, and the openings of the plurality of E-shaped structures are oriented in the same direction.

[0035] In some embodiments, the E-shaped structure includes a bottom edge extending along a third direction, and three interdigitated fingers located on the same side of the bottom plate and spaced apart from each other, and the grounding point is provided on the interdigitated fingers;

[0036] wherein the ratio of the spacing between two adjacent interdigits to the width of the bottom edge in the third direction is greater than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.65; and / or

[0037] The ratio of the length of the interdigital finger in the fourth direction to the width of the base in the third direction is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 1.1; and / or

[0038] The ratio of the distance between the bottom edge and the grounding point to the width of the bottom edge in the third direction is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.525; and / or

[0039] The ratio of the width of the interdigital fingers in the third direction to the width of the base in the third direction is greater than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.2; and / or

[0040] The width of the bottom edge in the third direction is greater than or equal to 0.09λ and less than or equal to 0.11λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device; and / or

[0041] The spacing between two adjacent E-shaped structures is greater than or equal to 0.1λ and less than or equal to 0.2λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device; and / or

[0042] The number of E-type structures in the same decoupling structure is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 3.

[0043] In some embodiments, the decoupling structure includes:

[0044] One or more coupled bend resonators, the coupled bend resonators being arranged parallel to the radiating patch, the multiple coupled bend resonators being spaced apart from each other in a plane parallel to the radiating patch and arranged sequentially in a fourth direction, the fourth direction being perpendicular to the first direction and the third direction;

[0045] The coupled bend resonator includes: two bend units, each bend unit including a first extension portion, a second extension portion, and a bend portion located between the first extension portion and the second extension portion, the first extension portion and the second extension portion both extending along a fourth direction, two ends of the bend portion respectively connected to the middle position of the first extension portion and the end portion of the second extension portion, the two bend units share the same second extension portion, and the first extension portions of the two bend units are located on opposite sides of the second extension portion, and the bend portions of the two bend units are connected to different ends of the second extension portion.

[0046] In some embodiments, the bent portion has a third extending portion parallel to the first extending portion and the second extending portion;

[0047] wherein the ratio of the distance between the first extension portion and the third extension portion to the length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.15; and / or

[0048] The ratio of the distance between the third extension portion and the second extension portion to the length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 0.14 and less than or equal to 0.165; and / or

[0049] The ratio of the width of the first extension portion in the third direction to the length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 0.08 and less than or equal to 0.1; and / or

[0050] The ratio of the length of the second extension portion in the fourth direction to the length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 1.1 and less than or equal to 1.25; and / or

[0051] The ratio of the width of the second extension portion in the third direction to the length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 0.04 and less than or equal to 0.05; and / or

[0052] The length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 0.07λ and less than or equal to 0.08λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device; and / or

[0053] The spacing between two adjacent coupled folded resonators is greater than or equal to 0.1λ and less than or equal to 0.15λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device; and / or

[0054] The number of coupled bend resonators in the same decoupling structure is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 3.

[0055] In some embodiments, in the first direction, a ratio of a height of the decoupling structure to a height of the parasitic patch is greater than or equal to 0.8 and less than or equal to 1.2.

[0056] In some embodiments, the array element includes a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, and the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are located in different planes.

[0057] In some embodiments, the radiation patch is in the shape of a polygon, the multiple feeding ports located in the same antenna unit are arranged near a first side of the polygon, and the direction in which the geometric center of the polygon points to the first side is the second direction;

[0058] The angle between the first direction of the first antenna unit and the first direction of the second antenna unit is equal to the angle between the second direction of the first antenna unit and the second direction of the second antenna unit, and the angle is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°.

[0059] In some implementations, within the same array element, the distance between two adjacent antenna units is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 50 mm.

[0060] In some embodiments, the antenna device includes N array elements, the N array elements are arranged along different sides of a regular N-gon, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3; and

[0061] The parasitic patch of the antenna unit is located on a side of the radiation patch away from the geometric center of the regular N-gon.

[0062] In some embodiments, the third direction of the array element is perpendicular to the plane where the regular N-gon is located.

[0063] In some embodiments, the radiation patch is in the shape of a polygon, the multiple feeding ports located in the same antenna unit are arranged near a first side of the polygon, and the direction in which the geometric center of the polygon points to the first side is the second direction;

[0064] In the N array elements, the second directions of the antenna units are all along the clockwise direction or the counterclockwise direction.

[0065] In some embodiments, a ratio of a side length of the regular N-gon to a dimension of the array element along a direction in which the side length extends is greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 1.35.

[0066] The present disclosure provides a communication device, comprising: the antenna device according to any one of the items; and a feeding network connected to a feeding port of the antenna unit, for feeding an electrical signal into the feeding port.

[0067] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present disclosure. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present disclosure, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present disclosure more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present disclosure are listed below.

[0068] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or related technologies, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or related technologies. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without inventive efforts. It should be noted that the scales in the drawings are for illustration only and do not represent the actual scale.

[0070] FIG1 exemplarily shows a cross-sectional structural diagram of an antenna unit provided by the present disclosure;

[0071] FIG2 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a planar structure of an antenna unit provided by the present disclosure;

[0072] FIG3 exemplarily shows a simulation result of an antenna unit provided by the present disclosure;

[0073] FIG4 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a planar structure of a first type of array element;

[0074] FIG5 exemplarily shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the first type of array element;

[0075] FIG6 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a planar structure of a second type of array element;

[0076] FIG7 exemplarily shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a second type of array element;

[0077] FIG8 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a planar structure of a third type of array element;

[0078] FIG9 exemplarily shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a third type of array element;

[0079] FIG10 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a fourth type of array element from a first viewing angle;

[0080] FIG11 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a fourth type of array element from a second viewing angle;

[0081] FIG12 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a first viewing angle in which the first type of array elements are arranged along a regular quadrilateral;

[0082] FIG13 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a second viewing angle in which the first type of array elements are arranged along a regular quadrilateral;

[0083] FIG14 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a second viewing angle in which the first type of array elements are arranged along a regular triangle;

[0084] FIG15 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a second type of array elements arranged along a regular quadrilateral from a first viewing angle;

[0085] FIG16 exemplarily shows a second perspective schematic diagram of the second type of array elements arranged along a regular quadrilateral;

[0086] FIG17 exemplarily shows a second perspective schematic diagram of the second type of array elements arranged along a regular triangle;

[0087] FIG18 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a third type of array elements arranged along a regular quadrilateral from a first viewing angle;

[0088] FIG19 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a second viewing angle in which the third type of array elements are arranged along a regular quadrilateral;

[0089] FIG20 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a second viewing angle of a third type of array elements arranged along a regular triangle;

[0090] FIG21 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a fourth type of array elements arranged along a regular quadrilateral from a second viewing angle;

[0091] FIG22 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a fourth type of array elements arranged along a regular triangle from a second viewing angle;

[0092] FIG23 exemplarily shows simulation results of several antenna devices.

[0093] Detailed description

[0094] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present disclosure without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0095] The present disclosure provides an antenna unit, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, which includes: a radiation patch 11 and a parasitic patch 12 that are stacked and separated from each other, the radiation patch 11 is provided with multiple feeding ports 13 and multiple slots 14, the slot openings of the multiple slots 14 face different feeding ports 13, the slots 14 are slot-shaped slots that pass through the radiation patch 11 in a first direction f1, and the first direction f1 is the direction from the radiation patch 11 to the parasitic patch 12.

[0096] The radiation patch 11 is in the shape of a polygon, and at least two feeding ports 13 are arranged on different diagonals of the polygon. The feeding ports 13 located on different diagonals are used to transmit electrical signals with the same amplitude and different phases.

[0097] As shown in FIG. 1 , the slot-shaped gap is a through hole that penetrates the radiation patch 11 in the first direction f1 .

[0098] For example, as shown in Figure 2, the radiating patch 11 is rectangular in shape with two diagonals: a diagonal connecting the upper left corner and the lower right corner, i.e., the upper left-lower right diagonal, and a diagonal connecting the upper right corner and the lower left corner, i.e., the upper right-lower left diagonal. The radiating patch 11 is provided with two feeding ports 13: the right feeding port 13 is provided on the upper left-lower right diagonal, and the left feeding port 13 is provided on the upper right-lower left diagonal. Thus, by applying electrical signals of the same amplitude but different phases to the feeding ports 13 located on different diagonals, ±45° dual polarization can be achieved.

[0099] Furthermore, as shown in FIG2 , two slots 14 are provided on the radiation patch 11 , the slot opening of the right slot 14 faces the right feeding port 13 , and the slot opening of the left slot 14 faces the left feeding port 13 .

[0100] When an electrical signal is fed into feed port 13, electromagnetic energy is radiated through radiating patch 11 and parasitic patch 12. The antenna unit provided herein, by providing a slot 14 on radiating patch 11 with its opening facing feed port 13, can change the impedance of radiating patch 11, thereby widening the impedance bandwidth of the antenna unit. Impedance bandwidth refers to the frequency range within which the impedance of the antenna unit does not vary within a certain range within a certain frequency range, i.e., the frequency range within which the antenna can operate normally, facilitating the realization of a dual-polarization broadband microstrip antenna.

[0101] By adjusting the size of radiating patch 11, such as the side length of a polygonal radiating patch 11, multimode excitation can be generated, broadening the impedance bandwidth of the antenna unit. Parasitic patch 12 forms a parasitic capacitor with radiating patch 11. By adjusting the size of this parasitic capacitance, the gain of the antenna unit can be increased and the resonant frequency of the antenna unit can be adjusted.

[0102] For example, the cross-section of the slot 14 is U-shaped (as shown in FIG2 ), V-shaped, semicircular, semi-elliptical, or half or part of a polygon such as a semi-rectangular shape.

[0103] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2 , the slot 14 is axisymmetric with respect to the first diagonal line, and the first diagonal line is provided with a feeding port 13 toward which the slot opening of the slot 14 faces.

[0104] As shown in Figure 2, the first diagonal line can be any diagonal line of the polygon. For each slot 14, the slot opening of the slot 14 faces a corresponding feeding port 13, the first diagonal line of the slot 14 is the diagonal line where the feeding port 13 corresponding to the slot 14 is located, and the slot 14 is symmetrical about its first diagonal line.

[0105] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2, two slots 14 are provided on the radiation patch 11, and the slot opening of the right slot slot 14 faces the feeding port 13 on the right, and the first diagonal line of the right slot slot 14 is the upper left-lower right diagonal line, that is, the right slot slot 14 is symmetrical about the upper left-lower right diagonal line. Similarly, the slot opening of the left slot slot 14 faces the feeding port 13 on the left, and the first diagonal line of the left slot slot 14 is the upper right-lower left diagonal line, that is, the left slot slot 14 is symmetrical about the upper right-lower left diagonal line.

[0106] In some embodiments, the plurality of feeding ports 13 are arranged axially symmetrically, and the axis of symmetry is a polygonal axis of symmetry.

[0107] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG2 , the radiation patch 11 is rectangular in shape and has two feeding ports 13 . The symmetry axis of the two feeding ports 13 is the midline connecting the midpoints of the upper and lower sides of the rectangle, which is also the symmetry axis of the rectangle.

[0108] In some embodiments, the polygon includes a long side and a short side, and the plurality of feeding ports 13 are disposed near the same short side.

[0109] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG2 , the radiation patch 11 is in the shape of a rectangle, and two feeding ports 13 are provided on the radiation patch 11 . The two feeding ports 13 are provided near the same short side of the rectangle (such as the lower short side in FIG2 ).

[0110] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2 , feed ports 13 located on the same diagonal are used to transmit electrical signals with the same amplitude and phase, while feed ports 13 located on different diagonals are used to transmit electrical signals with the same amplitude and opposite phase. This facilitates multi-mode excitation and broadens the impedance bandwidth of the antenna unit.

[0111] For example, as shown in FIG2 , the radiating patch 11 is provided with two feeding ports 13 . The two feeding ports 13 are located on different diagonals and are used to transmit electrical signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases. In other words, the two feeding ports 13 are fed in an equal-radius, anti-phase feeding manner.

[0112] In some embodiments, the antenna unit further includes: a dielectric plate 15, disposed on the side of the radiating patch 11 away from the parasitic patch 12; and a reflector 16, disposed on the side of the dielectric plate 15 away from the radiating patch 11; in the orthographic projection on the reflector 16, the radiating patch 11 is located within the range of the dielectric plate 15, the dielectric plate 15 is located within the range of the parasitic patch 12, and the parasitic patch 12 is located within the range of the reflector 16.

[0113] By providing a larger reflector plate 16 , the downward radiation of the radiation patch 11 can be reflected back, which is beneficial to improving the gain of the antenna unit.

[0114] The antenna unit provided by the present disclosure can be integrally formed using a PCB printing process, which is conducive to achieving an antenna unit with low cost, low processing difficulty, low profile and small volume.

[0115] Exemplarily, the radiation patch 11 , the parasitic patch 12 , and the reflector 16 are all made of copper plates, and the dielectric plate 15 is made of an epoxy plate (FR-4).

[0116] In some embodiments, in the orthographic projection on the reflector 16 , the parasitic patch 12 , the radiation patch 11 , the dielectric plate 15 , and the reflector 16 have the same shape.

[0117] Exemplarily, the parasitic patch 12 , the radiation patch 11 , the dielectric plate 15 and the reflector 16 are all rectangular or square in shape, and the width-to-length ratio and the direction in which the long sides extend of the rectangles are the same, as shown in FIG2 .

[0118] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG2 , the parasitic patch 12 is rectangular in shape, and the ratio of two adjacent sides of the rectangular parasitic patch 12 , ie, L1 / L2 , is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 1.06.

[0119] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 2 , the dielectric plate 15 is rectangular in shape, and the ratio of two adjacent sides of the rectangular dielectric plate 15 , ie, L3 / L4 , is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 1.06.

[0120] For example, as shown in Figure 2, the radiation patch 11 is rectangular in shape, and the ratio of the lengths of two adjacent sides of the rectangular radiation patch 11, namely, L5 / L6, is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 1.06. By adjusting the lengths of the two adjacent sides L5 and L6 of the rectangle, multi-mode excitation can be generated.

[0121] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 2 , the reflective plate 16 is rectangular in shape, and the ratio of two adjacent sides of the rectangular reflective plate 16 , ie, L10 / L11 , is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 1.06.

[0122] For example, as shown in FIG2 , the dielectric plate 15 and the radiation patch 11 are both rectangular in shape, and the ratio of the length of the side of the mutually parallel rectangular dielectric plate 15 to the side of the rectangular radiation patch 11 is 1.10 to 1.35:1 to 1.05, such as L3:L5=1.10 to 1.35:1 to 1.05, or L4:L6=1.10 to 1.35:1 to 1.05.

[0123] For example, as shown in FIG2 , the dielectric plate 15 and the reflective plate 16 are both rectangular in shape, and the ratio of the length of the parallel sides of the rectangular dielectric plate 15 to the length of the parallel sides of the rectangular reflective plate 16 is 1 to 1.17:1.4 to 2.0, such as L3:L10=1 to 1.17:1.4 to 2.0, and L4:L11=1 to 1.17:1.4 to 2.0.

[0124] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG2 , a distance L9 between the bottom of the slot 14 and the feeding port 13 is greater than or equal to 5 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm.

[0125] In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the spacing between two structures refers to the minimum distance between the two structures.

[0126] 2 , the slit width W1 of the slit groove 14 is greater than or equal to 0.9 mm and less than or equal to 1.1 mm, wherein the slit width is the width of the slit groove 14 perpendicular to the extending direction of the slit.

[0127] For example, as shown in FIG2 , the ratio of the bottom side length L7 of the slit groove 14 to the side length L8 of the groove wall is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.62. The bottom side length L7 is the dimension of the bottom of the slit groove 14 parallel to the direction in which the slit extends, and the side length L8 is the dimension of the groove wall of the slit groove 14 parallel to the direction in which the slit extends.

[0128] Furthermore, the ratio of the bottom side length L7 of the slit groove 14 to the side length L8 of the groove wall is L7:L8=1-1.05:1.7-2.0.

[0129] Figure 3 shows the S-parameter simulation results of the antenna unit provided by the present disclosure, as well as the horizontal and vertical pattern simulation results. As can be seen in the upper figure of Figure 3, within the operating frequency band of the antenna unit, S11 < -14dB and S21 < -20dB, indicating that the antenna unit has good radiation performance.

[0130] The present disclosure provides an antenna device, as shown in Figures 4 to 22, which includes at least one array element 41, and the array element 41 includes one or more antenna units 42 provided in any embodiment. Multiple antenna units 42 located in the same array element 41 are arranged in sequence along the third direction f3.

[0131] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the antenna device provided by the present disclosure has the advantages of the above-mentioned antenna unit 42. The antenna device provided by the present disclosure is conducive to realizing an omnidirectional array antenna with high performance.

[0132] Exemplarily, one array element 41 may include one antenna unit 42 , two antenna units 42 (as shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 22 ), or three or more antenna units 42 , which is not limited in the present disclosure.

[0133] Exemplarily, the antenna device may include one array element 41 (as shown in Figures 4 to 11), two array elements 41, three array elements 41 (as shown in Figures 14, 17, 20, and 22), four array elements 41 (as shown in Figures 12 to 13, 15 to 16, 18 to 19, and 21), or more array elements 41, which is not limited in the present disclosure.

[0134] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4 to 9 , an array element 41 includes multiple coplanar antenna units 42. Furthermore, the radiating patch 11 is polygonal in shape, and the multiple feed ports 13 within the same antenna unit 42 are positioned near a first side S1 of the polygon. The geometric center O of the polygon points toward the first side S1 in a second direction f2. The multiple coplanar antenna units 42 have the same first direction f1 and the same second direction f2.

[0135] For example, in Figures 4 to 9, in each antenna unit 42, the radiation patch 11 is rectangular in shape, and the two feeding ports 13 are both arranged close to the lower side (i.e., the first side S1) of the rectangular radiation patch 11. Accordingly, the second direction f2 is the direction from the center of the rectangle to the lower side.

[0136] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 9 , the array element 41 includes two coplanarly arranged antenna units 42 , wherein the first directions f1 of the two antenna units 42 are parallel to each other, and the second directions f2 of the two antenna units 42 are parallel to each other.

[0137] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 9 , the array element 41 further includes: a decoupling structure 44 , which is centrally disposed between two adjacent antenna units 42 and is separated from the two adjacent antenna units 42 .

[0138] By providing a decoupling structure 44 between two adjacent antenna units 42 , electromagnetic mutual interference between the two adjacent antenna units 42 can be reduced.

[0139] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 7 , the array element 41 further includes a bottom plate 43 disposed between two adjacent antenna units 42 , and the decoupling structure 44 is located on a side of the bottom plate 43 close to the radiation patch 11 .

[0140] Exemplarily, as shown in Figures 4 to 7, the distance between two adjacent antenna units 42 is D1, and a base plate 43 with a width of D1 and a length of L10 can be provided, and the decoupling structure 44 can be centrally arranged on one side of the base plate 43 close to the radiation patch 11.

[0141] Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 5, Figure 7 or Figure 9, the antenna unit 42 also includes a reflector 16 located on the side of the radiation patch 11 away from the parasitic patch 12, and in the same array element 41, the reflector 16 and the base plate 43 of multiple antenna units 42 are interconnected to form an integrated structure and are located in the same plane.

[0142] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the decoupling structure 44 includes: one or more metal plates 45 , wherein the plurality of metal plates 45 are arranged along the third direction f3 and are spaced apart from each other.

[0143] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG4 and FIG5 , the metal plate 45 is vertically and centrally disposed on the surface of the bottom plate 43 on the side close to the radiation patch 11 . The metal plate 45 may be, for example, a copper plate.

[0144] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG4 , the length of the metal plate 45 in the fourth direction f4 is the same as the size of the antenna unit 42 in the fourth direction f4 , for example, both are L10 , and the fourth direction f4 is perpendicular to the first direction f1 and the third direction f3 .

[0145] Exemplarily, the first direction f1, the third direction f3, and the fourth direction f4 are perpendicular to each other.

[0146] 5 , the ratio of the width D2 of the metal plate 45 in the third direction f3 to the thickness H1 of the metal plate 45 in the first direction f1 is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.75, that is, D2:H1=0.5-0.75:1.

[0147] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG5 , the distance D3 between two adjacent metal plates 45 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0148] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG4 and FIG5 , the number of metal plates 45 in the same decoupling structure 44 is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 8. The number of metal plates 45 in the decoupling structure 44 shown in FIG4 and FIG5 is 4.

[0149] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the decoupling structure 44 includes: one or more E-type structures 61, and a grounding column 62 connecting the grounding point G1 of the E-type structure 61 and the base plate 43. The E-type structure 61 is arranged parallel to the base plate 43. The multiple E-type structures 61 are separated from each other in a plane parallel to the base plate 43 and are arranged in sequence in a fourth direction f4. The fourth direction f4 is perpendicular to the first direction f1 and the third direction f3. The openings of the E-type structures 61 are oriented along the fourth direction f4, and the openings of the multiple E-type structures 61 are oriented in the same direction.

[0150] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG6 , the second direction f2 is parallel to the fourth direction f4 , and the opening direction of the E-shaped structure 61 may be the same as (as shown in FIG6 ) or opposite to the second direction f2 .

[0151] For example, the material of the E-shaped structure 61 may be copper foil, which is not limited in the present disclosure.

[0152] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6 , the E-shaped structure 61 includes a bottom edge 611 extending along a third direction f3, and three interdigitated fingers 612 located on the same side of the bottom plate 43 and spaced apart from each other. The grounding point G1 is disposed on the interdigitated fingers 612, for example, on the center interdigitated finger 612. The interdigitated fingers 612 extend, for example, along a fourth direction f4 and are perpendicular to the bottom plate 43.

[0153] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6 , the ratio of the distance L16 between two adjacent fingers 612 to the width L15 of the bottom edge 611 in the third direction f3 is greater than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.65.

[0154] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6 , the ratio of the length L17 of the fingers 612 in the fourth direction f4 to the width L15 of the base 611 in the third direction f3 is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 1.1.

[0155] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6 , a ratio of a distance L18 between the bottom edge 611 and the grounding point G1 to a width L15 of the bottom edge 611 in the third direction f3 is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.525.

[0156] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6 , a ratio of a width D4 of the interdigital finger 612 in the third direction f3 to a width L15 of the bottom edge 611 in the third direction f3 is greater than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.2.

[0157] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6 , a width L15 of the bottom edge 611 in the third direction f3 is greater than or equal to 0.09λ and less than or equal to 0.11λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device.

[0158] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6 , a distance D5 between two adjacent E-shaped structures 61 is greater than or equal to 0.1λ and less than or equal to 0.2λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device.

[0159] In some embodiments, the number of E-type structures 61 located in the same decoupling structure 44 is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 3. The decoupling structure 44 shown in FIG. 6 includes three E-type structures 61 .

[0160] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 8 and 9, the decoupling structure 44 includes: one or more coupled bent resonators 81, which are arranged parallel to the base plate 43, and the multiple coupled bent resonators 81 are separated from each other in a plane parallel to the base plate 43 and arranged in sequence in a fourth direction f4, and the fourth direction f4 is perpendicular to the first direction f1 and the third direction f3.

[0161] Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 8, the coupled bending resonator 81 includes: two bending units 82, the bending unit 82 includes a first extension portion 821, a second extension portion 822, and a bending portion 823 located between the first extension portion 821 and the second extension portion 822, the first extension portion 821 and the second extension portion 822 both extend along the fourth direction f4, the two ends of the bending portion 823 are respectively connected to the middle position of the first extension portion 821 and the end of the second extension portion 822, the two bending units 82 share the same second extension portion 822, and the first extension portions 821 of the two bending units 82 are located on opposite sides of the second extension portion 822, and the bending portions 823 of the two bending units 82 are connected to different ends of the second extension portion 822.

[0162] Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 8, the bending portions 823 of the two bending units 82 are located on the left and right sides of the common second extension portion 822, the bending portion 823 on the left is connected to the upper end of the common second extension portion 822, and the bending portion 823 on the right is connected to the lower end of the common second extension portion 822.

[0163] For example, the material of the coupled fold resonator 81 may be copper foil, which is not limited in the present disclosure.

[0164] Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 8, the bending portion 823 includes: a third extension portion 824 parallel to the first extension portion 821 and the second extension portion 822, a first connecting portion 825 connected between the first extension portion 821 and the third extension portion 824, and a second connecting portion 826 connected between the second extension portion 822 and the third extension portion 824. The extension direction of the first connecting portion 825 and the second connecting portion 826 can, for example, be parallel to the third direction f3.

[0165] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8 , a ratio of a distance L22 between the first extension portion 821 and the third extension portion 824 to a length L21 of the first extension portion 821 in the fourth direction f4 is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.15.

[0166] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8 , the ratio of the distance L23 between the third extension portion 824 and the second extension portion 822 to the length L21 of the first extension portion 821 in the fourth direction f4 is greater than or equal to 0.14 and less than or equal to 0.165. The distance between the third extension portion 824 and the second extension portion 822 can be, for example, the maximum distance between the third extension portion 824 and the second extension portion 822.

[0167] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8 , a ratio of a width L24 of the first extension portion 821 in the third direction f3 to a length L21 of the first extension portion 821 in the fourth direction f4 is greater than or equal to 0.08 and less than or equal to 0.1.

[0168] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8 , a ratio of a length L25 of the second extension portion 822 in the fourth direction f4 to a length L21 of the first extension portion 821 in the fourth direction f4 is greater than or equal to 1.1 and less than or equal to 1.25.

[0169] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8 , a ratio of a width L26 of the second extension portion 822 in the third direction f3 to a length L21 of the first extension portion 821 in the fourth direction f4 is greater than or equal to 0.04 and less than or equal to 0.05.

[0170] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8 , a length L21 of the first extension portion 821 in the fourth direction f4 is greater than or equal to 0.07λ and less than or equal to 0.08λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device.

[0171] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8 , the spacing D6 between two adjacent coupled meander resonators 81 is greater than or equal to 0.1λ and less than or equal to 0.15λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device.

[0172] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8 , the number of coupled bend resonators 81 in the same decoupling structure 44 is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 3. As shown in FIG8 , the number of coupled bend resonators 81 in the decoupling structure 44 is 2.

[0173] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5 , FIG. 7 or FIG. 9 , in the first direction f1 , the ratio of the height H1 of the decoupling structure 44 to the height H2 of the parasitic patch 12 is greater than or equal to 0.8 and less than or equal to 1.2. For example, the ratio may be 1.0.

[0174] 5 , 7 or 9 , the height H1 of the decoupling structure 44 may be the distance between the surface of the decoupling structure 44 facing away from the reflector 16 (or the bottom edge 611) and the reflector 16 (or the bottom edge 611), and the height H2 of the parasitic patch 12 may be the distance between the surface of the parasitic patch 12 facing away from the reflector 16 (or the bottom edge 611) and the reflector 16 (or the bottom edge 611).

[0175] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , the array element 41 includes a first antenna unit 421 and a second antenna unit 422 , and the first antenna unit 421 and the second antenna unit 422 are located in different planes.

[0176] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG10 , the radiation patch 11 is in the shape of a polygon, and the multiple feeding ports 13 within the same antenna unit 42 are arranged close to the first side S1 of the polygon, and the direction in which the geometric center O of the polygon points to the first side S1 is the second direction f2.

[0177] For example, in FIG10 , in each antenna unit 42 , the radiation patch 11 is rectangular in shape, and the two feeding ports 13 are both arranged close to the lower side (i.e., the first side S1) of the rectangular radiation patch 11. Accordingly, the second direction f2 is the direction from the center of the rectangle to the lower side.

[0178] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG10 , the angle between the first direction f1 of the first antenna unit 421 and the first direction f1 of the second antenna unit 422 is equal to the angle between the second direction f2 of the first antenna unit 421 and the second direction f2 of the second antenna unit 422, and the angle α is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°.

[0179] In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 10 and 11, on the basis of the coplanar arrangement of the first antenna unit 421 and the second antenna unit 422, the first antenna unit 421 can be rotated by a preset angle α about an axis parallel to the third direction f3 to obtain the first antenna unit 421 and the second antenna unit 422 with an included angle α.

[0180] Exemplarily, the preset angle can be 60°, and accordingly, the angle between the first antenna unit 421 and the second antenna unit 422 is 60°, that is, the angle between the first direction f1 of the first antenna unit 421 and the first direction f1 of the second antenna unit 422 is 60°, and the angle between the second direction f2 of the first antenna unit 421 and the second direction f2 of the second antenna unit 422 is 60°.

[0181] In some embodiments, within the same array element 41 , the distance between two adjacent antenna units 42 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 50 mm.

[0182] For example, in Figures 4 and 5, the spacing between two adjacent antenna units 42 is greater than or equal to 13 mm and less than or equal to 45 mm; in Figures 6 and 7, the spacing between two adjacent antenna units 42 is greater than or equal to 20 mm and less than or equal to 42 mm; in Figures 8 and 9, the spacing between two adjacent antenna units 42 is greater than or equal to 25 mm and less than or equal to 45 mm; in Figures 10 and 11, the spacing between two adjacent antenna units 42 is greater than or equal to 30 mm and less than or equal to 42 mm, or greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 15 mm.

[0183] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 12 to 22, the antenna device includes N array elements 41, which are arranged along different sides of a regular N-gon 131, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3; and the parasitic patch 12 of the antenna unit 42 is located on a side of the radiation patch 11 away from the geometric center of the regular N-gon 131.

[0184] Exemplarily, the N array elements 41 are centrally arranged along different sides of the regular N-gon 131 .

[0185] For example, the first direction f1 of the antenna unit 42 may be directed along the geometric center of the regular N-gon 131 toward the side of the antenna unit 42. That is, for the antenna unit 42 in the array element 41, the radiating patch 11 is disposed near the geometric center of the regular N-gon 131, while the parasitic patch 12 is disposed away from the geometric center of the regular N-gon 131.

[0186] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 12 to FIG. 13 , FIG. 15 to FIG. 16 , FIG. 18 to FIG. 19 and FIG. 21 , four array elements 41 are arranged along different sides of a regular quadrilateral, with one array element 41 being arranged on each side.

[0187] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 14 , FIG. 17 , FIG. 20 and FIG. 22 , three array elements 41 are arranged along different sides of a regular triangle, with one array element 41 being arranged on each side.

[0188] Among them, the structure of the array element 41 in Figures 12 to 14 can be as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the structure of the array element 41 in Figures 15 to 17 can be as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the structure of the array element 41 in Figures 18 to 20 can be as shown in Figures 8 and 9, and the structure of the array element 41 in Figures 21 to 22 can be as shown in Figures 10 and 11.

[0189] 13 to 14, 16 to 17, and 19 to 22 are schematic cross-sectional structural diagrams or top views of the antenna device perpendicular to the third direction f3, and FIG12, 15 and 18 are side views of the antenna device.

[0190] In some embodiments, the third direction f3 of the array element 41 is perpendicular to the plane where the regular N-gon 131 is located.

[0191] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 12 to FIG. 22 , the sides of two adjacent array elements 41 close to each other are the sides of the array elements 41 along the third direction f3 , such as the long sides of the array elements 41 shown in FIG. 12 , FIG. 15 and FIG. 18 .

[0192] In some embodiments, the radiating patch 11 is polygonal in shape, and multiple feed ports 13 within the same antenna unit 42 are positioned near the first side S1 of the polygon. The direction in which the polygon's geometric center O points toward the first side S1 is the second direction f2. As shown in Figures 13-14, 16-17, and 19-22, in the N array elements 41, the second direction f2 of the antenna unit 42 is either clockwise (as shown in Figures 13-14, 16-17, and 19-20) or counterclockwise (as shown in Figures 21-22).

[0193] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 12 to FIG. 22 , the array elements 41 located in the same regular N-gon 131 have the same structure.

[0194] In some embodiments, each array element 41 disposed on a regular N-gon 131 includes a first antenna unit 421 and a second antenna unit 422 with an included angle α. As shown in Figures 21 and 22, regular N-gon 131 includes a first sub-regular N-gon 211 and a second sub-regular N-gon 212. The first antenna unit 421 is disposed on each side of the first sub-regular N-gon 211, and the second antenna unit 422 is disposed on each side of the second sub-regular N-gon 212.

[0195] Referring to FIG23 , several directional patterns of antenna devices are shown. FIGs. a to j are, respectively, directional patterns in which the spacing between two adjacent antenna units 42 in FIG13 , FIG14 , FIG16 , FIG17 , FIG19 , FIG20 , and FIG21 is greater than or equal to 30 mm and less than or equal to 42 mm, the spacing between two adjacent antenna units 42 in FIG22 is greater than or equal to 30 mm and less than or equal to 42 mm, the spacing between two adjacent antenna units 42 in FIG21 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 15 mm, and the spacing between two adjacent antenna units 42 in FIG22 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 15 mm.

[0196] As shown in Figures a and b in Figure 23, the minimum gain of 360° omnidirectional coverage is ≮5dB; as shown in Figures c and d, the minimum gain of 360° omnidirectional coverage is ≮5dB; as shown in Figures e and f, the minimum gain of 360° omnidirectional coverage is ≮4dB; as shown in Figures g and h, the minimum gain of 360° omnidirectional coverage is ≮4dB; as shown in Figures i and j, the gain fluctuation of 360° omnidirectional coverage is ≤0.3dB.

[0197] Based on the above pattern simulation results, it can be found that within an array element 41, when the spacing between two adjacent antenna elements 42 is large, such as when the spacing between two adjacent antenna elements 42 is greater than or equal to 13 mm and less than or equal to 45 mm, the antenna gain is high. Within an array element 41, when the spacing between two adjacent antenna elements 42 is small, such as when the spacing between two adjacent antenna elements 42 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 15 mm, the gain uniformity across different angles is good, with gain fluctuations across different angles ≤0.3 dB.

[0198] In some embodiments, the ratio of the side length L12 of the regular N-gon 131 to the dimension of the array element 41 along the direction in which the side length extends is greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 1.35.

[0199] The antenna device provided by the present invention realizes omnidirectional gain coverage under horizontal and vertical dual polarization by carrying out array design of dual-polarization broadband microstrip antennas, can achieve high gain performance of ≥4dB, achieve gain fluctuation ≯0.3dB, and realize omnidirectional high gain or low gain fluctuation within a wide frequency range. Compared with existing dual-polarization omnidirectional antennas, it can achieve low cost, small size and high performance.

[0200] The present disclosure provides a communication device, comprising: an antenna device as provided in any embodiment; and a feeding network connected to a feeding port of the antenna unit, for feeding an electrical signal into the feeding port.

[0201] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the communication device provided by the present disclosure has the advantages of the above-mentioned antenna device.

[0202] In the present disclosure, “a plurality of” means two or more, and “at least one” means one or more, unless otherwise clearly defined.

[0203] In the present disclosure, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper" and "lower" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the present disclosure.

[0204] As used herein, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0205] References herein to "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiments," "one or more embodiments," "an example," "an example," "some examples," and the like are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic associated with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. Schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be included in any one or more embodiments or examples in any suitable manner.

[0206] In this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, but do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0207] When describing some embodiments, the expressions "coupled" and "connected" may be used. For example, when describing some embodiments, the term "connected" may be used to indicate that two or more components are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other. For another example, when describing some embodiments, the term "coupled" may be used to indicate that two or more components are in direct physical or electrical contact. However, the term "coupled" or "communicatively coupled" may also mean that two or more components are not in direct contact with each other, but still cooperate or interact with each other. The embodiments disclosed herein are not necessarily limited to the contents of this document.

[0208] “At least one of A, B and C” has the same meaning as “at least one of A, B or C” and both include the following combinations of A, B and C: A only, B only, C only, the combination of A and B, the combination of A and C, the combination of B and C, and the combination of A, B and C.

[0209] “A and / or B” includes the following three combinations: A only, B only, and a combination of A and B.

[0210] As used herein, the term "if" is optionally interpreted to mean "when" or "upon" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting," depending on the context. Similarly, the phrases "if it is determined that" or "if [stated condition or event] is detected" are optionally interpreted to mean "upon determining" or "in response to determining" or "upon detecting [stated condition or event]" or "in response to detecting [stated condition or event]," depending on the context.

[0211] The use of "for" or "configured to" herein is intended to be open and inclusive language that does not exclude devices adapted or configured to perform additional tasks or steps.

[0212] The use of "based on" or "according to" in this document is intended to be open and inclusive. A process, step, calculation, or other action based on one or more stated conditions or values ​​may, in practice, be based on other conditions or values ​​beyond the stated values. A process, step, calculation, or other action based on one or more stated conditions or values ​​may, in practice, be based on other conditions or values ​​beyond the stated values.

[0213] As used herein, "about," "substantially," or "approximately" includes the stated value and an average value that is within an acceptable range of deviation from the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art taking into account the measurements in question and the errors associated with the measurement of the particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system).

[0214] As used herein, "parallel", "perpendicular", "equal", and "flush" include the situations described and situations similar to the situations described, the range of which is within an acceptable deviation range, wherein the acceptable deviation range is as determined by a person of ordinary skill in the art taking into account the measurement in question and the errors associated with the measurement of the specific quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, "parallel" includes absolute parallelism and approximate parallelism, wherein the acceptable deviation range of approximate parallelism can be, for example, a deviation within 5°; "perpendicular" includes absolute perpendicularity and approximate perpendicularity, wherein the acceptable deviation range of approximate perpendicularity can also be, for example, a deviation within 5°. "Equal" includes absolute equality and approximate equality, wherein the acceptable deviation range of approximate equality can be, for example, the difference between the two being equal is less than or equal to 5% of either one. "Flush" includes absolute equality and approximate flushness, wherein the acceptable deviation range of approximate flushness can be, for example, the distance between the two being flush is less than or equal to 5% of either one's size.

[0215] It will be understood that when a layer or element is referred to as being on another layer or substrate, it can be directly on the other layer or substrate, or intervening layers may be present therebetween.

[0216] Exemplary embodiments are described herein with reference to cross-sectional and / or plan views that are idealized exemplary drawings. In the drawings, the thicknesses of layers and regions are exaggerated for clarity. Therefore, variations in shape relative to the drawings due to, for example, manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances are contemplated. Therefore, the exemplary embodiments should not be construed as limited to the shapes of the regions shown herein, but rather include deviations in shape due to, for example, manufacturing. For example, an etched region shown as a rectangle will typically have curved features. Therefore, the regions shown in the drawings are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the actual shape of regions of the device and are not intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the thickness of a film layer refers to the dimension of the film layer in the direction normal to it.

[0217] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure, rather than to limit them. Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An antenna unit, comprising: A radiation patch and a parasitic patch are stacked and separated from each other, the radiation patch is provided with a plurality of feeding ports and a plurality of slots, the slots of the plurality of slots face different feeding ports, the slots are slot-shaped slots that penetrate the radiation patch in a first direction, and the first direction is the direction in which the radiation patch points to the parasitic patch; The radiation patch is in the shape of a polygon, and at least two feeding ports are arranged on different diagonals of the polygon. The feeding ports located on different diagonals are used to transmit electrical signals with the same amplitude and different phases.

2. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The slot is symmetrical with respect to a first diagonal line, and a feeding port to which the slot opening faces is arranged on the first diagonal line.

3. The antenna unit according to claim 2, wherein: The multiple feeding ports are arranged axially symmetrically, and the axis of symmetry is the axis of symmetry of the polygon.

4. The antenna unit according to claim 3, wherein: The polygon includes a long side and a short side, and the multiple feeding ports are arranged close to the same short side.

5. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The feeding ports located on the same diagonal line are used to transmit electrical signals with the same amplitude and the same phase, and the feeding ports located on different diagonals are used to transmit electrical signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases.

6. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The antenna unit also includes: a dielectric plate, disposed on a side of the radiation patch away from the parasitic patch; and A reflector plate, arranged on a side of the dielectric plate away from the radiation patch; In the orthographic projection on the reflector, the radiation patch is located within the range of the dielectric plate, the dielectric plate is located within the range of the parasitic patch, and the parasitic patch is located within the range of the reflector.

7. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The cross-sectional shape of the slot groove is U-shaped, V-shaped, semicircular, semi-elliptical or semi-polygonal, and the cross-sectional shape is a cross-sectional shape of the slot groove perpendicular to the first direction.

8. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The distance between the bottom of the slot and the feeding port is greater than or equal to 5 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm; and / or The slit width of the slit groove is greater than or equal to 0.9 mm and less than or equal to 1.1 mm; and / or The ratio of the length of the bottom of the slot to the length of the slot wall is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.62; and / or The radiation patch is in a rectangular shape, and the ratio of two adjacent sides in the rectangle is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 1.

06.

9. An antenna device, comprising at least one array element, wherein the array element comprises one or more antenna units according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and multiple antenna units located in the same array element are arranged in sequence along a third direction.

10. The antenna device according to claim 9, wherein: The array element comprises a plurality of antenna units arranged in a coplanar manner; and The radiation patch is in the shape of a polygon, and multiple feeding ports located in the same antenna unit are arranged close to the first side of the polygon. The direction in which the geometric center of the polygon points to the first side is the second direction. The first directions of the multiple antenna units arranged coplanarly are the same, and the second directions of the multiple antenna units arranged coplanarly are the same.

11. The antenna device according to claim 10, wherein: The array element also includes: The decoupling structure is centrally arranged between two adjacent antenna units and is separated from the two adjacent antenna units.

12. The antenna device according to claim 11, wherein: The array element further comprises: a bottom plate arranged between two adjacent antenna units, the decoupling structure being located on a side of the bottom plate close to the radiation patch; The decoupling structure includes: one or more metal plates, and the plurality of metal plates are arranged along a third direction and are spaced apart from each other.

13. The antenna device according to claim 12, wherein: The length of the metal plate in the fourth direction is the same as the size of the antenna unit in the fourth direction, and the fourth direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the third direction; and / or The distance between two adjacent metal plates is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm; and / or The ratio of the thickness of the metal plate in the first direction to the width of the metal plate in the third direction is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1; and / or The number of metal plates in the same decoupling structure is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 8.

14. The antenna device according to claim 11, wherein: The array element further comprises a bottom plate arranged between two adjacent antenna units, and the decoupling structure is located on a side of the bottom plate close to the radiation patch; The decoupling structure includes: one or more E-type structures, and a grounding post connecting a grounding point of the E-type structure and the bottom plate, the E-type structure is arranged parallel to the bottom plate, the multiple E-type structures are arranged separately from each other in a plane parallel to the bottom plate, and are arranged in sequence in a fourth direction, the fourth direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the third direction; The opening direction of the E-shaped structure is along the fourth direction, and the opening directions of the plurality of E-shaped structures are the same.

15. The antenna device according to claim 14, wherein: The E-shaped structure includes a bottom edge extending along a third direction, and three interdigitated fingers located on the same side of the bottom plate and separated from each other, and the grounding point is arranged on the interdigitated fingers; The ratio of the spacing between two adjacent interdigits to the width of the bottom edge in the third direction is greater than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.65; and / or The ratio of the length of the fork in the fourth direction to the width of the base in the third direction is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 1.1; and / or The ratio of the distance between the bottom edge and the grounding point to the width of the bottom edge in the third direction is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.525; and / or The ratio of the width of the interdigital fingers in the third direction to the width of the base in the third direction is greater than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.2; and / or The width of the bottom edge in the third direction is greater than or equal to 0.09λ and less than or equal to 0.11λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device; and / or The distance between two adjacent E-shaped structures is greater than or equal to 0.1λ and less than or equal to 0.2λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device; and / or The number of E-type structures in the same decoupling structure is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 3.

16. The antenna device according to claim 11, wherein: The decoupling structure comprises: One or more coupled bent resonators, wherein the coupled bent resonators are arranged parallel to the radiation patch, the multiple coupled bent resonators are arranged separately from each other in a plane parallel to the radiation patch, and are arranged in sequence in a fourth direction, and the fourth direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the third direction; The coupled bending resonator includes: two bending units, the bending unit includes a first extension portion, a second extension portion, and a bending portion located between the first extension portion and the second extension portion, the first extension portion and the second extension portion both extend along a fourth direction, two ends of the bending portion are respectively connected to the middle position of the first extension portion and the end of the second extension portion, the two bending units share the same second extension portion, and the first extension portions of the two bending units are located on opposite sides of the second extension portion, and the bending portions of the two bending units are connected to different ends of the second extension portion.

17. The antenna device according to claim 14, wherein: The bending portion has a third extending portion parallel to the first extending portion and the second extending portion; wherein the ratio of the distance between the first extension portion and the third extension portion to the length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.15; and / or The ratio of the distance between the third extension portion and the second extension portion to the length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 0.14 and less than or equal to 0.165; and / or The ratio of the width of the first extension portion in the third direction to the length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 0.08 and less than or equal to 0.1; and / or A ratio of a length of the second extension portion in the fourth direction to a length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 1.1 and less than or equal to 1.25; and / or The ratio of the width of the second extending portion in the third direction to the length of the first extending portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 0.04 and less than or equal to 0.05; and / or The length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 0.07λ and less than or equal to 0.08λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device; and / or The spacing between two adjacent coupled folded resonators is greater than or equal to 0.1λ and less than or equal to 0.15λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device; and / or The number of coupled folded resonators in the same decoupling structure is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 3.

18. The antenna device according to claim 11, wherein: In the first direction, a ratio of a height of the decoupling structure to a height of the parasitic patch is greater than or equal to 0.8 and less than or equal to 1.

2.

19. The antenna device according to claim 9, wherein: The array element includes a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, and the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are located in different planes.

20. The antenna device according to claim 19, wherein: The radiation patch is in a polygonal shape, a plurality of feeding ports in the same antenna unit are arranged close to a first side of the polygon, and a direction in which the geometric center of the polygon points to the first side is a second direction; The angle between the first direction of the first antenna unit and the first direction of the second antenna unit is equal to the angle between the second direction of the first antenna unit and the second direction of the second antenna unit, and the angle is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°.

21. The antenna device according to claim 9, wherein: In the same array element, the distance between two adjacent antenna units is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 50 mm.

22. The antenna device according to any one of claims 9 to 21, wherein: The antenna device comprises N array elements, the N array elements are arranged along different sides of a regular N-gon, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3; and The parasitic patch of the antenna unit is located on a side of the radiation patch away from the geometric center of the regular N-gon.

23. The antenna device according to claim 22, wherein: The third direction of the array element is perpendicular to the plane where the regular N-gon is located.

24. The antenna device according to claim 22, wherein: The radiation patch is in a polygonal shape, a plurality of feeding ports in the same antenna unit are arranged close to a first side of the polygon, and a direction in which the geometric center of the polygon points to the first side is a second direction; In the N array elements, the second directions of the antenna units are all along the clockwise direction or the counterclockwise direction.

25. The antenna device according to claim 22, wherein: The ratio of the side length of the regular N-gon to the dimension of the array element along the direction in which the side length extends is greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 1.

35.

26. A communication device, comprising: The antenna device according to any one of claims 9 to 25; as well as A feeding network is connected to the feeding port of the antenna unit and is used to feed an electrical signal to the feeding port.

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