Electric power measurement and control apparatus, and power generation system

Abstract

Provided in the present application are an electric power measurement and control apparatus, and a power generation system. The electric power measurement and control apparatus is applied to the power generation system. The power generation system comprises a plurality of power conversion devices and a switch device, wherein the switch device is used for controlling connection and disconnection between the power conversion devices and a power grid, and output ends of the power conversion devices are connected to the power grid by means of a grid connection point. The electric power measurement and control apparatus comprises a first chip and a second chip, wherein an electric power measurement and control function module of the first chip acquires electrical data of the grid connection point, and sends a first control signal to the power conversion devices and the switch device on the basis of the electrical data of the grid connection point; an SCADA function module and an EMS function module of the second chip acquire electrical data of the plurality of power conversion devices and electrical data of the switch device, and generate a second control signal on the basis of the electrical data of the plurality of power conversion devices, the electrical data of the switch device and the electrical data of the grid connection point; and the electric power measurement and control function module sends a third control signal to the power conversion devices and the switch device on the basis of the second control signal. By using the present application, the cost and complexity of a power generation system can be reduced.

Description

Power measurement and control equipment and power generation system

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on September 4, 2023, with application number 202311138525.7, and priority to the Chinese patent application entitled “Power Measurement and Control Device and Power Generation System”, all contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of electric power automation monitoring equipment, and in particular to an electric power measurement and control device and a power generation system. Background Art

[0003] With the widespread adoption of new energy technologies, a large number of large and medium-sized power stations, including photovoltaic and solar-energy storage systems, as well as small distributed power stations, industrial, commercial, and household power stations, and microgrids have emerged. Among these, large and medium-sized power stations have generating capacities of 20MW or even over 100MW, while small distributed power stations typically range from 1MW to 20MW, and industrial, commercial, and household power stations typically have generating capacities of less than 1MW.

[0004] In order to meet the power operation control of the power station and the operation monitoring, management and operation and maintenance requirements of the microgrid, the power station and microgrid are usually equipped with two types of control devices and systems, namely power measurement and control devices and control systems with data acquisition functions (SCADA, Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) and energy management (EMS, Energy Management System) functions. Among them, the power measurement and control device can meet the acquisition and control requirements of milliseconds or less, and its requirements for speed, real-time and reliability are relatively high. The control system with SCADA and EMS functions can meet the acquisition and optimization control requirements of seconds or minutes, and its requirements for speed, real-time and reliability are relatively low. Specifically, the control system with SCADA and EMS functions mainly performs long-term data acquisition and storage management on the power station and microgrid, and performs high-computing AI optimization calculations in the long-period dimension, and then performs parameter optimization calibration or control on the power station and microgrid to improve the life or power generation of the power station and microgrid. The above-mentioned power stations and microgrids are equipped with power measurement and control devices and control systems with SCADA and EMS functions to meet their different needs for speed, real-time and reliability.

[0005] The above-mentioned control systems with SCADA and EMS functions are usually built in a monitoring room or a centralized control room, deployed on independent servers, and equipped with large or medium-sized database systems, monitoring LCD displays, workbenches, etc. Control systems with SCADA and EMS functions are generally large in size, consume high power, and require fan-cooled computer servers. For a few large power plants or microgrids, the cost and complexity of configuring two types of control devices and computer server monitoring systems are acceptable. However, for a large number of small and medium-sized power plants or microgrids, the cost of configuring two types of control devices and computer server monitoring systems is too high, and the engineering implementation and information exchange are complex, which is not conducive to the development of the industry. In addition, for simple sites, there are also single-board card structures to form devices to reduce the cost of power supply and deployment; as well as distributed applications in special scenarios, high-reliability redundant dual machines, simple human-machine HMI displays, and flexible application deployment requirements.

[0006] In summary, it is particularly important to reduce the total cost and deployment complexity of power stations and microgrids containing solar power, storage, or diesel generators while meeting the acquisition, communication, and display needs of different scenarios, as well as high reliability and application deployment flexibility.

[0007] Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present application provides an electric power measurement and control device and a power generation system, which can reduce the cost and complexity of the power generation system.

[0009] In a first aspect, the present application provides a power measurement and control device, which is applied to a power generation system. The power generation system includes multiple power conversion devices and switching devices, the switching devices being used to control the connection and disconnection of the multiple power conversion devices with the power grid, and the output terminals of the multiple power conversion devices being used to connect to the power grid via a grid connection point. The power measurement and control device includes a first chip and a second chip. The first chip includes a power measurement and control functional module, which is used to obtain the electrical status of the grid connection point and, based on the electrical status of the grid connection point, sends a first control signal to the multiple power conversion devices and switching devices. The first chip is also used to transmit electrical data of the grid connection point to the second chip via a communication interface. The second chip includes a SCADA and EMS functional module, which is used to obtain electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices and switching devices and generate a second control signal based on the electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices, the switching devices, and the grid connection point. The second chip also transmits a second control signal to the first chip via a communication interface, or the second chip is also used to transmit electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices and switching devices to the first chip via a communication interface. The power measurement and control function module is also used to send a third control signal to multiple power conversion devices and switching devices based on the electrical data of multiple power conversion devices and the electrical data of switching devices received by the second chip through the communication interface, or based on the second control signal received by the second chip through the communication interface.

[0010] In this embodiment, the power measurement and control device integrates the SCADA and EMS functions and the power measurement and control function on two internal chips respectively. Compared with the dual control system in the existing power generation system, which is bulky, has high system cost and complexity, the device size can be greatly reduced, and a large number of power supply circuits and auxiliary circuits can be saved. Therefore, the power measurement and control device can effectively reduce the cost and complexity of the power generation system.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in a first possible implementation, data transmission between the first chip and the second chip includes real-time communication and non-real-time communication, and a data transmission frequency of the real-time communication is greater than a data transmission frequency of the non-real-time communication.

[0012] In this embodiment, the communication between the two chips is divided into real-time communication and non-real-time communication, which is conducive to meeting the different transmission requirements of the two types of data: real-time communication data and non-real-time communication data.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect or the first possible implementation of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation, the power measurement and control device includes at least one control board, and the first chip and the second chip are installed on the same control board; or the first chip and the second chip are installed on different control boards.

[0014] In this embodiment, the power measurement and control device places the first and second chips on two independent peripheral circuit boards, enabling independent arrangement or combination of the functions on the two boards. This improves project implementation flexibility and reduces costs. Furthermore, by placing the first and second chips on the same independent peripheral circuit board, they can share some chips, interfaces, and circuits, effectively reducing the cost and size of the power measurement and control device.

[0015] In combination with the second possible implementation of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation, a power supply interface is provided on the control board, and the power supply interface is used to connect to a power source.

[0016] In this embodiment, an independent external power supply interface is provided on the control board, which supports the independent power supply operation of a single control board without a bus backplane board, which can effectively reduce the cost of the power measurement and control device and reduce the size of the power measurement and control device.

[0017] In combination with the second possible implementation of the first aspect or the third possible implementation of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation, a power board power supply interface is provided on the control board, and the power board power supply interface is used to supply power to the control board through the power board when the power board is connected.

[0018] In this embodiment, the board in the power measurement and control device can be powered by an external power supply located outside the power measurement and control device as well as a power board inside the power measurement and control device. The power supply mode of the board is diverse and flexible.

[0019] In combination with any one of the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect to the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner, a communication interface is provided on the control board, and the control board is used to transmit data with a first device through the communication interface, and the first device is other equipment in the power generation system except the power measurement and control device.

[0020] In this embodiment, the power measurement and control device realizes communication between control boards by setting a communication interface on the control board. Since the communication between control boards is mainly based on a communication network (such as Ethernet) rather than traditional bus, shared memory and other board interaction technologies, it is conducive to the distributed deployment of boards and is not limited by physical distance layout.

[0021] In combination with any one of the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect to the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner, the control board is also provided with a human-machine display interface, and the second chip is used to display electrical data of multiple power conversion devices, switching devices and grid connection points on the display device through the human-machine display interface.

[0022] In this embodiment, the power measurement and control device sets a human-machine display interface (such as an HDMI interface) on the control board, so that the power measurement and control device can display directly on an external display (such as a laptop display) through the human-machine display interface, without the need to equip the power generation system with a special display, which is beneficial to reducing the cost of the power generation system.

[0023] In combination with any one of the first aspect to the sixth possible implementation of the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation, the communication network between the first chip and the second chip is the same as the communication network between the power measurement and control device and other equipment in the power generation system except the power measurement and control device.

[0024] In this embodiment, when it is necessary to perform master-slave distributed expansion of the power generation system, since the communication network between the internal chips in the power measurement and control device is the same as the external communication network of the power measurement and control device, the problem of large software and hardware development workload caused by the differences in internal and external physical communication links and protocols during distributed expansion can be avoided, which facilitates the master-slave distributed expansion of the power generation system, thereby effectively improving the distributed expansion efficiency.

[0025] In combination with the fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, in an eighth possible implementation, the communication interface includes an Ethernet interface.

[0026] In combination with any one of the first aspect to the eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a ninth possible implementation manner, the second control signal includes a control signal generated by the SCADA and EMS functional modules for logical control or artificial intelligence (AI) control of multiple power conversion devices and switching devices, wherein the logical control includes a preset startup strategy control, a preset shutdown strategy control, a preset active power decomposition and distribution strategy control, a preset reactive power decomposition and distribution strategy control, a preset frequency and voltage stability strategy control, a grid connection point tripping / closing control, or power adjustment control for a single power conversion device, and the AI ​​control includes a power generation power prediction control, a power generation amount prediction control, or an equipment life prediction control of the power conversion device.

[0027] In combination with any one of the first aspect to the ninth possible implementation of the first aspect, in a tenth possible implementation, the power conversion device is a photovoltaic inverter. The SCADA and EMS functional modules are configured to obtain electrical data from multiple photovoltaic inverters, electrical data from switchgear, and electrical data from the power generation system, and to generate a second control signal based on the electrical data from the multiple photovoltaic inverters, the electrical data from the switchgear, the electrical data from the grid connection point, and the electrical data from the power generation system. In this implementation, the power measurement and control device is applicable to a photovoltaic power generation system.

[0028] In combination with the tenth possible implementation of the first aspect, in an eleventh possible implementation, the real-time communication data includes electrical data of the grid connection point, and the non-real-time communication data includes electrical data of the power generation system and electrical data of the photovoltaic inverter.

[0029] In combination with the tenth possible implementation of the first aspect or the eleventh possible implementation of the first aspect, in the twelfth possible implementation, the electrical data of the grid-connected point includes the current, voltage or power of the grid-connected point, the electrical data of the power generation system includes the system capacity or the primary rated value and secondary rated value of the measuring transformer of the grid-connected point, and the electrical data of the photovoltaic inverter includes the rated voltage, rated current, rated power or configuration file of the photovoltaic inverter.

[0030] In combination with any one of the first aspect to the ninth possible implementation of the first aspect, in a thirteenth possible implementation, the power conversion device is an energy storage inverter, and the power generation system further includes an energy storage battery, which is connected to the input end of the energy storage inverter. The SCADA and EMS functional modules are used to obtain electrical data of multiple energy storage inverters, electrical data of switchgear, and electrical data of energy storage batteries, and generate a second control signal based on the electrical data of multiple energy storage inverters, electrical data of switchgear, electrical data of the grid connection point, and electrical data of the energy storage battery. In this implementation, the power measurement and control device is applicable to an energy storage power generation system.

[0031] In conjunction with the thirteenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the fourteenth possible implementation manner, the electrical state of the energy storage battery includes the current, voltage, charge and discharge power, charge and discharge status, battery temperature, battery remaining capacity, battery health status, battery cumulative charge capacity, or battery cumulative discharge capacity of the energy storage battery; the electrical data of the grid connection point includes the current, voltage, or power of the grid connection point; and the electrical data of the energy storage converter includes the rated voltage, rated current, rated power, or configuration file of the energy storage converter. Real-time communication data includes the charge and discharge power or charge and discharge status of the energy storage battery, the current, voltage, or power of the grid connection point; and non-real-time communication data includes the current, voltage, battery temperature, battery remaining capacity, battery health status, battery cumulative charge capacity, or battery cumulative discharge capacity of the energy storage battery.

[0032] In combination with any one of the first aspect to the ninth possible implementation of the first aspect, in a fifteenth possible implementation, the power conversion device is a generator set, and the output ends of the multiple generator sets are also used to connect to load devices. The SCADA and EMS functional modules are used to obtain electrical data from the multiple generator sets, electrical data from the switchgear, and electrical data from the load devices, and generate a second control signal based on the electrical data from the multiple generator sets, the electrical data from the switchgear, the electrical data from the grid connection point, and the electrical data from the load devices. In this implementation, the power measurement and control device is applicable to power generation systems where the generator sets are located, such as wind power generation systems, diesel power generation systems, hydropower generation systems, and thermal power generation systems.

[0033] In combination with the fifteenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a sixteenth possible implementation manner, the electrical state of the generator set includes the output current, output voltage, generated power, generated power status, available power, or maximum power of the generator set; the electrical state of the load device includes the device status, current power, maximum power, or minimum power of the load device; the electrical data of the grid connection point includes the current, voltage, or power of the grid connection point; and the electrical data of the generator set includes the rated voltage, rated current, rated power, or configuration file of the generator set. Real-time communication data includes the generated power or generated power status of the generator set, the device status or current power of the load device, and the current, voltage, or power of the grid connection point; non-real-time communication data includes the output current, output voltage, available power, maximum power, and cumulative generated power of the generator set, as well as the maximum power, minimum power, or cumulative used power of the load device, and the rated voltage, rated current, rated power, or configuration file of the generator set.

[0034] In a second aspect, the present application provides a power measurement and control device, which is applied to a power generation system, wherein the power generation system includes multiple power conversion devices and switching devices, the switching devices are used to control the on and off of the multiple power conversion devices and the power grid, and the output ends of the multiple power conversion devices are used to connect to the power grid through the grid connection point. The power measurement and control device includes a first chip, the first chip includes multiple cores and a bus, and the multiple cores include a SCADA functional module, an EMS functional module, and a power measurement and control functional module. Among them, the multiple cores are used to transmit data through the bus. The power measurement and control functional module is used to obtain electrical data of the grid connection point and send a first control signal to the multiple power conversion devices and switching devices based on the electrical data of the grid connection point. The power measurement and control functional module is also used to send the electrical data of the grid connection point to the SCADA functional module via the bus. The SCADA functional module is used to obtain electrical data of multiple power conversion devices and electrical data of the switching devices. The EMS functional module is used to generate a second control signal based on the electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices, the electrical data of the switching devices, and the electrical data of the grid connection point obtained by the SCADA functional module. The EMS functional module is further configured to send a second control signal to the power measurement and control functional module via the bus, or the EMS functional module is further configured to send electrical data of multiple power conversion devices and electrical data of switch devices to the power measurement and control functional module via the bus. The power measurement and control functional module is further configured to send a third control signal to the multiple power conversion devices and switch devices based on the electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices and electrical data of the switch devices received from the EMS functional module via the bus, or based on the second control signal received from the EMS functional module via the bus.

[0035] In this embodiment, the power measurement and control device integrates the SCADA and EMS functions and the power measurement and control functions on different cores of the same chip. Compared with the dual control system in the existing power generation system, which is bulky, has high system cost and complexity, the device size can be greatly reduced, and a large number of power supply circuits and auxiliary circuits can be saved. Therefore, the power measurement and control device can effectively reduce the cost and complexity of the power generation system.

[0036] In combination with the second aspect, in a first possible implementation, data transmission between multiple cores includes real-time communication and non-real-time communication, and a data transmission frequency of the real-time communication is greater than a data transmission frequency of the non-real-time communication.

[0037] In this embodiment, the communication between multiple cores is divided into real-time communication and non-real-time communication, which is conducive to meeting the different transmission requirements of the two types of data: real-time communication data and non-real-time communication data.

[0038] In combination with the second aspect or the first possible implementation of the second aspect, in a second possible implementation, the power measurement and control device includes at least one control board, the at least one control board includes a first control board, and the first chip is installed on the first control board.

[0039] In this embodiment, the power measurement and control device can realize independent arrangement or combination of functions on the board by placing the first chip on an independent peripheral circuit board card, which is conducive to improving project implementation flexibility and reducing costs.

[0040] In combination with the second possible implementation of the second aspect, in a third possible implementation, a power supply interface is provided on the first control board, and the power supply interface is used to connect to a power source.

[0041] In this embodiment, an independent external power supply interface is provided on the control board, which supports the independent power supply operation of a single control board without a bus backplane board, which can effectively reduce the cost of the power measurement and control device and reduce the size of the power measurement and control device.

[0042] In combination with the second possible implementation of the second aspect or the third possible implementation of the second aspect, in a fourth possible implementation, the power measurement and control device also includes a power board, and a power board power supply interface is provided on the first control board. The power board power supply interface is used to supply power to the first control board through the power board when the power board is connected.

[0043] In this embodiment, the board in the power measurement and control device can be powered by an external power supply located outside the power measurement and control device as well as a power board inside the power measurement and control device. The power supply mode of the board is diverse and flexible.

[0044] In combination with any one of the second possible implementation manner of the second aspect to the fourth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner, a communication interface is provided on the control board, and the control board is used to transmit data with a first device through the communication interface, and the first device is other equipment in the power generation system except the power measurement and control device.

[0045] In this embodiment, the power measurement and control device realizes communication between control boards by setting a communication interface on the control board. Since the communication between control boards is mainly based on a communication network (such as Ethernet) rather than traditional bus, shared memory and other board interaction technologies, it is conducive to the distributed deployment of boards and is not limited by physical distance layout.

[0046] In combination with the fifth possible implementation of the second aspect, in a sixth possible implementation, the communication interface includes an Ethernet interface.

[0047] In combination with any one of the second possible implementation manner of the second aspect to the sixth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner, the first control board is also provided with a human-machine display interface, and the first chip is used to display electrical data of multiple power conversion devices, switching devices and grid connection points on a display device through the human-machine display interface.

[0048] In this embodiment, the power measurement and control device sets a human-machine display interface (such as an HDMI interface) on the control board, so that the power measurement and control device can display directly on an external display (such as a laptop display) through the human-machine display interface, without the need to equip the power generation system with a special display, which is beneficial to reducing the cost of the power generation system.

[0049] In combination with any one of the second aspect to the seventh possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in an eighth possible implementation manner, the second control signal includes a control signal generated by the EMS functional module for logical control or artificial intelligence (AI) control of multiple power conversion devices and switching devices, wherein the logical control includes a preset startup strategy control, a preset shutdown strategy control, a preset active power decomposition and delivery strategy control, a preset reactive power decomposition and delivery strategy control, a preset frequency and voltage stability strategy control, a grid connection point tripping / closing control, or power adjustment control for a single power conversion device, and the AI ​​control includes a power generation power prediction control, a power generation amount prediction control, or an equipment life prediction control of the power conversion device.

[0050] In combination with any one of the second aspect to the eighth possible implementation of the second aspect, in a ninth possible implementation, the power conversion device is a photovoltaic inverter. The SCADA function module is used to obtain electrical data of multiple photovoltaic inverters, electrical data of switchgear, electrical data of grid connection points, and electrical data of power generation systems. The EMS function module is used to generate a second control signal based on the electrical data of multiple photovoltaic inverters, electrical data of switchgear, electrical data of grid connection points, and electrical data of power generation systems obtained by the SCADA function module. In this implementation, the power measurement and control device is applicable to a photovoltaic power generation system.

[0051] In combination with the ninth possible implementation of the second aspect, in a tenth possible implementation, the real-time communication data includes electrical data of the grid connection point, and the non-real-time communication data includes electrical data of the power generation system and electrical data of the photovoltaic inverter.

[0052] In combination with the ninth possible implementation of the second aspect or the tenth possible implementation of the second aspect, in the eleventh possible implementation, the electrical data of the grid connection point includes the current, voltage or power of the grid connection point, the electrical data of the power generation system includes the system capacity or the primary rated value and secondary rated value of the measuring transformer of the grid connection point, and the electrical data of the photovoltaic inverter includes the rated voltage, rated current, rated power or configuration file of the photovoltaic inverter.

[0053] In combination with any one of the second aspect to the eighth possible implementation of the second aspect, in a twelfth possible implementation, the power conversion device is an energy storage converter, the power generation system further includes an energy storage battery, and the energy storage battery is connected to the input end of the energy storage converter. The SCADA function module is used to obtain electrical data of multiple energy storage converters, electrical data of switching devices, electrical data of grid connection points, and electrical data of energy storage batteries. The EMS function module is used to generate a second control signal based on the electrical data of multiple energy storage converters, electrical data of switching devices, electrical data of grid connection points, and electrical data of energy storage batteries obtained by the SCADA function module. In this embodiment, the power measurement and control device is suitable for an energy storage power generation system.

[0054] In conjunction with the twelfth possible implementation of the second aspect, in the thirteenth possible implementation, the electrical state of the energy storage battery includes the current, voltage, charge and discharge power, charge and discharge status, battery temperature, battery remaining capacity, battery health status, battery cumulative charge capacity, or battery cumulative discharge capacity of the energy storage battery; the electrical data of the grid connection point includes the current, voltage, or power of the grid connection point; and the electrical data of the energy storage converter includes the rated voltage, rated current, rated power, or configuration file of the energy storage converter. Real-time communication data includes the charge and discharge power or charge and discharge status of the energy storage battery, the current, voltage, or power of the grid connection point; and non-real-time communication data includes the current, voltage, battery temperature, battery remaining capacity, battery health status, battery cumulative charge capacity, or battery cumulative discharge capacity of the energy storage battery.

[0055] In combination with any one of the second aspect to the eighth possible implementation of the second aspect, in a fourteenth possible implementation, the power conversion device is a generator set, and the output ends of the multiple generator sets are also used to connect load devices. The SCADA and EMS functional modules are used to obtain electrical data of the multiple generator sets, electrical data of the switchgear, electrical data of the grid connection point, and electrical data of the load devices. The EMS functional module is used to generate a second control signal based on the electrical data of the multiple generator sets, electrical data of the switchgear, electrical data of the grid connection point, and electrical data of the load devices obtained by the SCADA functional module. In this embodiment, the power measurement and control device is applicable to power generation systems where generator sets such as wind power generation systems, diesel power generation systems, hydropower generation systems, and thermal power generation systems are located.

[0056] In conjunction with the fourteenth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a fifteenth possible implementation manner, the electrical state of the generator set includes the output current, output voltage, generated power, generated power status, available power, or maximum power of the generator set; the electrical state of the load device includes the device status, current power, maximum power, or minimum power of the load device; the electrical data of the grid connection point includes the current, voltage, or power of the grid connection point; and the electrical data of the generator set includes the rated voltage, rated current, rated power, or configuration file of the generator set. The real-time communication data includes the generated power or generated power status of the generator set, the device status or current power of the load device, and the current, voltage, or power of the grid connection point; the non-real-time communication data includes the output current, output voltage, available power, maximum power, and cumulative generated power of the generator set, as well as the maximum power, minimum power, or cumulative used power of the load device, and the rated voltage, rated current, rated power, or configuration file of the generator set.

[0057] In a third aspect, the present application provides a power generation system, which includes a power measurement and control device, a switch device, and multiple power conversion devices. The switch device is used to control the connection and disconnection of the multiple power conversion devices with the power grid. The output ends of the multiple power conversion devices are used to connect to the power grid through the grid connection point. The power measurement and control device includes a first chip and a second chip. The first chip includes a power measurement and control functional module, which is used to obtain electrical data of the grid connection point and send a first control signal to the multiple power conversion devices and the switch device based on the electrical data of the grid connection point. The first chip also sends the electrical data of the grid connection point to the second chip via a communication interface. The second chip includes a data acquisition function (SCADA, Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) and an energy management (EMS, Energy Management System) functional module. The SCADA and EMS functional modules are used to obtain electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices and the switch device, and generate a second control signal based on the electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices, the switch device, and the grid connection point. The second chip also sends a second control signal to the first chip via the communication interface, or the second chip is also used to send the electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices and the switch device to the first chip via the communication interface. The power measurement and control function module is also used to send a third control signal to multiple power conversion devices and switching devices based on the electrical data of multiple power conversion devices and the electrical data of switching devices received by the second chip through the communication interface, or based on the second control signal received by the second chip through the communication interface.

[0058] In this embodiment, the power measurement and control device integrates the SCADA and EMS functions and the power measurement and control function on two internal chips respectively. Compared with the dual control system in the existing power generation system, which is bulky, has high system cost and complexity, the device size can be greatly reduced, and a large number of power supply circuits and auxiliary circuits can be saved. Therefore, the power measurement and control device can effectively reduce the cost and complexity of the power generation system.

[0059] In combination with the third aspect, in a first possible implementation, data transmission between the first chip and the second chip includes real-time communication and non-real-time communication, and a data transmission frequency of the real-time communication is greater than a data transmission frequency of the non-real-time communication.

[0060] In this embodiment, the communication between the two chips is divided into real-time communication and non-real-time communication, which is conducive to meeting the different transmission requirements of the two types of data: real-time communication data and non-real-time communication data.

[0061] In combination with the third aspect or the first possible implementation of the third aspect, in a second possible implementation, the power measurement and control device includes at least one control board, and the first chip and the second chip are installed on the same control board; or the first chip and the second chip are installed on different control boards.

[0062] In this embodiment, the power measurement and control device places the first and second chips on two independent peripheral circuit boards, enabling independent arrangement or combination of the functions on the two boards. This improves project implementation flexibility and reduces costs. Furthermore, by placing the first and second chips on the same independent peripheral circuit board, they can share some chips, interfaces, and circuits, effectively reducing the cost and size of the power measurement and control device.

[0063] In combination with the second possible implementation of the third aspect, in a third possible implementation, a power supply interface is provided on the control board, and the power supply interface is used to connect to a power source.

[0064] In this embodiment, an independent external power supply interface is provided on the control board, which supports the independent power supply operation of a single control board without a bus backplane board, which can effectively reduce the cost of the power measurement and control device and reduce the size of the power measurement and control device.

[0065] In combination with the second possible implementation of the third aspect or the third possible implementation of the third aspect, in a fourth possible implementation, a power board power supply interface is provided on the control board, and the power board power supply interface is used to supply power to the control board through the power board when the power board is connected.

[0066] In this embodiment, the board in the power measurement and control device can be powered by an external power supply located outside the power measurement and control device as well as a power board inside the power measurement and control device. The power supply mode of the board is diverse and flexible.

[0067] In combination with any one of the second possible implementation of the third aspect to the fourth possible implementation of the third aspect, in a fifth possible implementation, a communication interface is provided on the control board, and the control board is used to transmit data with a first device through the communication interface, and the first device is other equipment in the power generation system except the power measurement and control device.

[0068] In this embodiment, the power measurement and control device realizes communication between control boards by setting a communication interface on the control board. Since the communication between control boards is mainly based on a communication network (such as Ethernet) rather than traditional bus, shared memory and other board interaction technologies, it is conducive to the distributed deployment of boards and is not limited by physical distance layout.

[0069] In combination with any one of the second possible implementation manner of the third aspect to the fifth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner, the control board is also provided with a human-machine display interface, and the second chip is used to display electrical data of multiple power conversion devices, switching devices and grid connection points on the display device through the human-machine display interface.

[0070] In this embodiment, the power measurement and control device sets a human-machine display interface (such as an HDMI interface) on the control board, so that the power measurement and control device can display directly on an external display (such as a laptop display) through the human-machine display interface, without the need to equip the power generation system with a special display, which is beneficial to reducing the cost of the power generation system.

[0071] In combination with any one of the second possible implementation manner of the third aspect to the sixth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner, a fault alarm output interface is provided on the control board, and the power generation system further includes a redundant device of the power measurement and control device, and the redundant device is provided with a signal input interface. The fault alarm output interface is used to output a first alarm signal to the redundant device in the event of a failure or power outage of the power measurement and control device. The redundant device is used to send a first control signal to a plurality of power conversion devices and switching devices based on the acquired electrical data of the grid connection point when the signal input interface receives the first alarm signal, or send a third control signal to a plurality of power conversion devices and switching devices based on the received second control signal; or send a second control signal based on the acquired electrical data of a plurality of power conversion devices, the electrical data of the switching device, and the electrical data of the grid connection point.

[0072] In this implementation, the fault alarm output interface and signal input interface provided on the control board enable redundancy even on a single control board, meeting the requirements for compact installation, low cost, and high-performance redundancy. Furthermore, both control boards communicate via the fault alarm output interface and signal input interface, enabling highly reliable fault detection and high-speed switching, surpassing the reliability and switching performance of pure data communication methods.

[0073] In combination with any one of the third aspect to the seventh possible implementation of the third aspect, in an eighth possible implementation, the communication network between the first chip and the second chip is the same as the communication network between the power measurement and control device and other equipment in the power generation system except the power measurement and control device.

[0074] In this embodiment, when it is necessary to perform master-slave distributed expansion of the power generation system, since the communication network between the internal chips in the power measurement and control device is the same as the external communication network of the power measurement and control device, the problem of large software and hardware development workload caused by the differences in internal and external physical communication links and protocols during distributed expansion can be avoided, which facilitates the master-slave distributed expansion of the power generation system, thereby effectively improving the distributed expansion efficiency.

[0075] In combination with the fifth possible implementation of the third aspect, in a ninth possible implementation, the communication interface includes an Ethernet interface.

[0076] In combination with any one of the third aspects to the ninth possible implementation scheme of the third aspect, in a tenth possible implementation scheme, the second control signal includes a control signal generated by the SCADA and EMS functional modules for logical control or artificial intelligence (AI) control of multiple power conversion devices and switching devices, wherein the logical control includes a preset startup strategy control, a preset shutdown strategy control, a preset active power decomposition and distribution strategy control, a preset reactive power decomposition and distribution strategy control, a preset frequency and voltage stability strategy control, a grid connection point tripping / closing control, or power adjustment control for a single power conversion device, and the AI ​​control includes a power generation power prediction control, a power generation amount prediction control, or an equipment life prediction control of the power conversion device.

[0077] In combination with any one of the third aspect to the tenth possible implementation of the third aspect, in an eleventh possible implementation, the power conversion device is a photovoltaic inverter. The SCADA and EMS functional modules are configured to obtain electrical data from multiple photovoltaic inverters, electrical data from switchgear, and electrical data from the power generation system, and to generate a second control signal based on the electrical data from the multiple photovoltaic inverters, the electrical data from the switchgear, the electrical data from the grid connection point, and the electrical data from the power generation system. In this implementation, the power measurement and control device is applicable to a photovoltaic power generation system.

[0078] In combination with the eleventh possible implementation of the third aspect, in a twelfth possible implementation, the real-time communication data includes electrical data of the grid connection point, and the non-real-time communication data includes electrical data of the power generation system and electrical data of the photovoltaic inverter.

[0079] In combination with the eleventh possible implementation of the third aspect or the twelfth possible implementation of the first aspect, in the thirteenth possible implementation, the electrical data of the grid-connected point includes the current, voltage or power of the grid-connected point, the electrical data of the power generation system includes the system capacity or the primary rated value and secondary rated value of the measuring transformer of the grid-connected point, and the electrical data of the photovoltaic inverter includes the rated voltage, rated current, rated power or configuration file of the photovoltaic inverter.

[0080] In combination with any one of the third aspect to the tenth possible implementation of the third aspect, in a fourteenth possible implementation, the power conversion device is an energy storage inverter, and the power generation system further includes an energy storage battery, which is connected to the input end of the energy storage inverter. The SCADA and EMS functional modules are used to obtain electrical data of multiple energy storage inverters, electrical data of switchgear, and electrical data of energy storage batteries, and generate a second control signal based on the electrical data of multiple energy storage inverters, electrical data of switchgear, electrical data of the grid connection point, and electrical data of the energy storage battery. In this implementation, the power measurement and control device is applicable to an energy storage power generation system.

[0081] In conjunction with the fourteenth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in a fifteenth possible implementation manner, the electrical state of the energy storage battery includes the current, voltage, charge and discharge power, charge and discharge status, battery temperature, battery remaining capacity, battery health status, battery cumulative charge capacity, or battery cumulative discharge capacity of the energy storage battery; the electrical data of the grid connection point includes the current, voltage, or power of the grid connection point; and the electrical data of the energy storage converter includes the rated voltage, rated current, rated power, or configuration file of the energy storage converter. Real-time communication data includes the charge and discharge power or charge and discharge status of the energy storage battery, the current, voltage, or power of the grid connection point; and non-real-time communication data includes the current, voltage, battery temperature, battery remaining capacity, battery health status, battery cumulative charge capacity, or battery cumulative discharge capacity of the energy storage battery.

[0082] In combination with any one of the third aspect to the tenth possible implementation of the third aspect, in a sixteenth possible implementation, the power conversion device is a generator set, and the output ends of the multiple generator sets are also used to connect to load devices. The SCADA and EMS functional modules are used to obtain electrical data from the multiple generator sets, electrical data from the switchgear, and electrical data from the load devices, and generate a second control signal based on the electrical data from the multiple generator sets, the electrical data from the switchgear, the electrical data from the grid connection point, and the electrical data from the load devices. In this implementation, the power measurement and control device is applicable to power generation systems where the generator sets are located, such as wind power generation systems, diesel power generation systems, hydropower generation systems, and thermal power generation systems.

[0083] In combination with the sixteenth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in the seventeenth possible implementation manner, the electrical state of the generator set includes the output current, output voltage, generated power, generated power status, available power, or maximum power of the generator set; the electrical state of the load device includes the device status, current power, maximum power, or minimum power of the load device; the electrical data of the grid connection point includes the current, voltage, or power of the grid connection point; and the electrical data of the generator set includes the rated voltage, rated current, rated power, or configuration file of the generator set. The real-time communication data includes the generated power or generated power status of the generator set, the device status or current power of the load device, and the current, voltage, or power of the grid connection point; the non-real-time communication data includes the output current, output voltage, available power, maximum power, and cumulative generated power of the generator set, as well as the maximum power, minimum power, or cumulative used power of the load device, and the rated voltage, rated current, rated power, or configuration file of the generator set. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0084] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a power generation system provided by the present application;

[0085] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power generation system provided by the present application;

[0086] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power measurement and control device provided by the present application;

[0087] FIG4 is another structural diagram of the power measurement and control device provided by the present application;

[0088] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the distributed deployment of the control board provided in the present application;

[0089] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single control board provided by the present application;

[0090] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a redundant structure of a single control board provided by the present application;

[0091] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of another redundant structure of a single control board provided by the present application;

[0092] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the redundant structure of the dual control board provided in the present application;

[0093] FIG10 is another structural diagram of the power measurement and control device provided by the present application;

[0094] FIG11 is another structural diagram of the power measurement and control device provided by the present application;

[0095] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a second chip provided by the present application;

[0096] FIG13 is another structural diagram of the power measurement and control device provided by the present application;

[0097] FIG14 is another structural diagram of the power measurement and control device provided by the present application;

[0098] FIG15 is another structural diagram of the power measurement and control device provided in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0099] The power generation system provided in this application can be applied to various application fields such as the field of new energy intelligent microgrid, the field of power transmission and distribution, the field of new energy (such as the field of photovoltaic power station grid connection, the field of wind power station grid connection), the field of photovoltaic power generation, the field of photovoltaic storage power generation, the field of energy storage power generation, the field of wind power generation, etc. The power generation system provided in this application can be a photovoltaic power generation system, an energy storage power generation system, a wind power generation system, a diesel power generation system, a hydropower generation system and a thermal power generation system, etc., and can be applied to different application scenarios, such as photovoltaic power supply scenarios (including large photovoltaic power station scenarios, small and medium-sized distributed photovoltaic power station scenarios and household photovoltaic system scenarios, etc.), photovoltaic storage power supply scenarios (including large photovoltaic storage power station scenarios, small and medium-sized distributed photovoltaic storage power station scenarios and household photovoltaic storage power generation system scenarios, etc.), energy storage power supply scenarios, wind power supply scenarios, diesel power supply scenarios, hydropower supply scenarios and thermal power supply scenarios, etc. The following is an example of photovoltaic power supply scenarios.

[0100] Refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the power generation system provided in this application. In a photovoltaic power supply scenario, the power generation system provided in this application can be the photovoltaic power generation system shown in Figure 1. The power generation system includes a power conversion device and a switching device. The power conversion device and switching device provided in this application can be the photovoltaic inverter and grid-connected switch shown in Figure 1, respectively. As shown in Figure 1, the photovoltaic power generation system includes photovoltaic inverters 11, ..., photovoltaic inverters 1n, a grid-connected switch, and a power measurement and control device, where n is an integer greater than 1. The input end of each of the n photovoltaic inverters is connected to a photovoltaic string. The output ends of the n photovoltaic inverters are connected in parallel to the bus BUS and then connected to the AC power grid or local load through the grid-connected switch and the grid connection point G. The power measurement and control device includes a first chip and a second chip, wherein the first chip includes a power measurement and control functional module, which is used to obtain electrical data from the grid connection point and send a first control signal to the n photovoltaic inverters and grid-connected switches based on the electrical data from the grid connection point. The first chip is also used to send the electrical data of the grid connection point to the second chip via a communication interface. The second chip includes a SCADA and EMS functional module, which is used to obtain electrical data of each photovoltaic inverter and the electrical data of the switchgear in the above-mentioned n photovoltaic inverters, and generate a second control signal based on the electrical data of each photovoltaic inverter, the electrical data of the switchgear, and the electrical data of the grid connection point. The second chip is also used to send the second control signal to the first chip via the communication interface, or the second chip is also used to send the electrical data of each photovoltaic inverter and the electrical data of the switchgear in the n photovoltaic inverters to the first chip via the communication interface. The power measurement and control functional module is also used to send a third control signal to each photovoltaic inverter and switchgear in the n photovoltaic inverters based on the electrical data of each photovoltaic inverter and the electrical data of the switchgear in the n photovoltaic inverters sent by the second chip via the communication interface, or based on the second control signal received by the second chip via the communication interface.

[0101] It is understandable that the power measurement and control device integrates the SCADA and EMS functions and the power measurement and control functions on two internal chips. Compared with the dual control systems in the existing power generation system, which are bulky, have high system costs and complexity, the device size can be greatly reduced, and a large number of power supply circuits and auxiliary circuits can be saved. Therefore, the power measurement and control device can effectively reduce the cost and complexity of the photovoltaic power generation system. The above is only an example of the application scenarios of the power generation system provided by this application, not an exhaustive list. This application does not limit the application scenarios.

[0102] The working principles of the power generation system and power measurement and control device provided in this application are illustrated below with reference to Figures 2 to 13.

[0103] Refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power generation system provided in this application. As shown in Figure 2, the power generation system 1 includes power conversion devices 11, ..., power conversion devices 1n, a power measurement and control device 2, and a switch device 3, where n is an integer greater than 1. The output ends of the above-mentioned n power conversion devices are connected to the power grid through the switch device 3 and the grid connection point G. Among them, the power conversion devices include photovoltaic inverters, energy storage converters (Power Conversion System, PCS), or generator sets, etc. The generator sets include wind turbines, diesel generators, hydropower generators, thermal generators, etc. When the power conversion device is a photovoltaic inverter or PCS, the input ends of the above-mentioned n power conversion devices are connected to a DC power supply. Specifically, when the power conversion device is a photovoltaic inverter, the DC power supply includes a photovoltaic string; when the power conversion device is a PCS, the DC power supply includes an energy storage battery cluster. The switch device 3 includes a circuit breaker, knife switch, and other disconnecting devices for the power line, which is used to control the connection and disconnection between the above-mentioned n power conversion devices and the power grid. Optionally, the switch device 3 can also be connected between the output terminals of the n power conversion devices and the internal collection line to control the on / off state between the n power converters and the internal collection line, thereby achieving on / off control between the n power converters and the power grid. The power measurement and control device 2 is an electronic device that can collect, convert, calculate, and transform AC or DC electrical quantities of power nodes in the power generation system, such as grid connection points, transmission line points, busbar and bus tie switches, into digital signals through data collection, conversion, calculation, or direct collection of digital current transformer digital signals and voltage transformer digital signals to achieve information collection, processing, and transmission of information from primary and secondary equipment in the power generation system. It can also send and receive telemetry, telesignaling, remote control, and remote adjustment signals in its internal automation system to achieve control of the controlled objects. Specifically, the power measurement and control device 2 provides real-time power collection and control functions (i.e., power measurement and control functions) for each power node and primary equipment for power generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption based on current, voltage, and switch status. Typical applications include transformers, busbars, line measurement and control devices, relay protection devices, grounding line selection devices, fault recorders, frequency modulation devices, grid synchronization devices, voltage paralleling devices, etc., and are usually used in power generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption systems with voltage levels of 220V / 380V, 10kV, 35kV, 110kV or above. Among them, primary equipment refers to high-voltage electrical equipment directly used in the production process of producing, transmitting, and distributing electric energy, and secondary equipment refers to low-voltage electrical equipment required to monitor, control, regulate, and protect the operation of primary equipment, as well as provide operating conditions or production command signals to operation and maintenance personnel. The power grid includes AC power grid and DC power grid.

[0104] Please also refer to Figure 3, which is a structural diagram of the power measurement and control device provided in this application. As shown in Figure 3, the power measurement and control device 2 includes a first chip 21 and a second chip 22. The first chip 21 and the second chip 22 communicate with each other through a communication interface. The first chip 21 includes a power measurement and control functional module, which is used to obtain the electrical data of the grid connection point G and send a first control signal to the above-mentioned n power conversion devices and switching devices 3 based on the electrical data of the grid connection point G. The electrical data of the grid connection point G is the electrical state of the grid connection point G, and the electrical state of the grid connection point G includes the current, voltage or power of the grid connection point G. When the power grid is an AC power grid, the electrical state of the grid connection point G also includes the frequency of the grid connection point G.

[0105] Specifically, the power measurement and control functional module is used to sample one or more power nodes in a single-phase or three-phase power system, such as the grid connection point, the transmission line point, the power generation equipment outlet, the busbar bus tie switch, etc., at a frequency of not less than 1000 Hz through AC / DC analog or digital sampling modules or circuits, as well as digital signal input DI / digital signal output DO modules (or circuits), or analog signal input AI / analog signal output AO modules (or circuits), as well as computing and processing chips and auxiliary circuits. After converting the sampled analog quantities into digital quantities, the power measurement and control functional module calculates the amplitude, power, frequency, and phase angle of the current / voltage. Based on the collected or calculated values, i.e., the electrical data of the power node and the fixed values ​​or parameters stored in the device, it sends a first control signal to the power conversion device (such as a photovoltaic inverter / PCS, etc.) and switch device 3 in the power generation system 1. The first control signal is used to output digital signals or perform communication control and recording on the power conversion device and switch device 3 in the power generation system 1. The digital signal output DO or communication control and recording here include but are not limited to power limit control, constant power control, constant voltage control, power oscillation suppression, virtual inertia control, grid-connected and off-grid synchronous closing, microgrid frequency and voltage stability control, current, voltage or frequency, power under- or over-measurement alarm or protection, fault recording, fault disconnection, etc.

[0106] Optionally, the power measurement and control functional module is also used to send a third control signal to the above-mentioned n power conversion devices and switch devices 3 based on the second control signal received by the second chip 22 and sent through the communication interface. The second control signal includes a control signal generated by the SCADA and EMS functional modules for logical control or artificial intelligence (AI) control of the above-mentioned n power conversion devices and switch devices 3, that is, a logic control signal or an AI control signal. Here, for the description of the logic control and AI control, please refer to the description of the subsequent embodiments, which will not be expanded here. The third control signal may be the same as or different from the second control signal. For example, the second control signal may be a power limiting control signal, and the third control signal may be a more specific control signal contained in the power limiting control signal, such as a voltage limiting control signal or a current limiting control signal.

[0107] Optionally, the power measurement and control functional module is further configured to receive the electrical data of the n power conversion devices and the electrical data of the switch device 3 sent by the second chip 22 via the communication interface, and send a third control signal to the n power conversion devices and the switch device 3. Exemplarily, the third control signal includes a control signal generated by the power measurement and control functional module through logic control or AI control of the n power conversion devices and the switch device 3.

[0108] Optionally, the first chip 21 may also include at least one of a fast power control module, a quasi-synchronous closing module, a grid-connected / off-grid control module, and a frequency and voltage stability control module. Among them, the fast power control module is used to quickly distribute and forward active and reactive power. The quasi-synchronous closing module is used to detect the voltage levels on the power station side and the grid side, and to achieve synchronous closing when the amplitude difference, frequency difference, and phase difference of the voltages on both sides meet the closing conditions. The grid-connected / off-grid control module is used for planned or unplanned grid-connected to off-grid control. The frequency and voltage stability control module is used to take load control measures to maintain frequency stability when the frequency fluctuation exceeds the stability limit; when the voltage fluctuation exceeds the stability limit, measures such as reactive equipment switching are taken to maintain voltage stability.

[0109] The second chip 22 includes a SCADA and EMS functional module, which is used to obtain the electrical data of the above-mentioned n power conversion devices and the electrical data of the switch device 3, as well as receive the electrical data of the grid connection point G sent by the first chip 21, and generate a second control signal based on the electrical data of the above-mentioned n power conversion devices, the electrical data of the switch device 3, and the electrical data of the grid connection point G. Specifically, the SCADA and EMS functional module is used to perform logic control or AI control on the above-mentioned n power conversion devices and the switch device 3 based on the electrical data of the above-mentioned n power conversion devices, the electrical data of the switch device 3, and the electrical data of the grid connection point G, and generate a second control signal based on the logic control or AI control, i.e., a logic control signal corresponding to the logic control or an AI control signal corresponding to the AI ​​control. Among them, the electrical data of the power conversion device includes preset electrical parameters and electrical status, and the preset electrical parameters of the power conversion device include the rated voltage, rated current, rated power or configuration file of the power conversion device. The electrical status of the power conversion device includes the current, voltage or power of the power conversion device. When the power grid is an AC power grid, the preset electrical parameters of the power conversion device may also include the rated frequency of the power conversion device, and the electrical state of the power conversion device may also include the frequency of the power conversion device. The electrical data of the switching device 3 include the on / off state of the switching device 3, the voltage on both sides of the switching device 3, etc. The logic control may be preset, and the logic control includes the preset startup strategy control, preset shutdown strategy control, preset active power decomposition and distribution strategy control, preset reactive power decomposition and distribution strategy control, preset frequency and voltage stability strategy control, grid connection point tripping / closing control, or power adjustment control for a single power conversion device, etc. The logic control can be displayed on the human-machine logic development configuration screen for staff to read, modify and debug. AI control includes power generation prediction control, power generation prediction control, or equipment life prediction control of the power conversion device.

[0110] When the type of power generation system 1 is different, the functions of the SCADA and EMS functional modules will differ, as follows:

[0111] In one embodiment, the power generation system 1 is a photovoltaic power generation system, and the power conversion device is a photovoltaic inverter. The SCADA and EMS functional modules are configured to obtain electrical data from the n photovoltaic inverters, electrical data from the switchgear 3, and electrical data from the photovoltaic power generation system, and generate a second control signal based on the electrical data from the n photovoltaic inverters, electrical data from the switchgear 3, electrical data from the grid connection point G, and electrical data from the photovoltaic power generation system. The electrical data from the photovoltaic power generation system may be preset electrical parameters of the photovoltaic power generation system, including system capacity and primary and secondary rated values ​​of a grid connection point measuring transformer. The grid connection point measuring transformer corresponds to the voltage transformer or current transformer shown in FIG2 . The electrical data from the photovoltaic inverter includes preset electrical parameters and electrical status, including the rated voltage, rated current, rated power, or configuration file of the photovoltaic inverter. The configuration file includes, for example, a communication configuration file, a defined point table, or a communication protocol. The electrical status of the photovoltaic inverter includes, for example, the voltage, current, or power of the photovoltaic inverter.

[0112] In one embodiment, the power generation system 1 is an energy storage power generation system, the power conversion device is a PCS, and the energy storage power generation system further includes an energy storage battery, which is connected to the input terminal of the PCS. The SCADA and EMS modules are used to obtain the electrical data of the n PCSs, the electrical data of the switchgear 3, and the electrical data of the energy storage battery, and generate a second control signal based on the electrical data of the n PCSs, the electrical data of the switchgear 3, the electrical data of the grid connection point G, and the electrical data of the energy storage battery. The electrical data of the energy storage battery can be the electrical status of the energy storage battery, and the electrical status of the energy storage battery includes the current, voltage, charge and discharge power, charge and discharge status, battery temperature, remaining battery capacity, battery health status, cumulative charge capacity, or cumulative discharge capacity of the battery. The electrical data of the PCS includes preset electrical parameters and electrical status, and the preset electrical parameters of the PCS include the rated voltage, rated current, rated power, or configuration file of the PCS. The electrical status of the PCS includes the voltage, current, or power of the PCS, etc.

[0113] In one embodiment, the power generation system 1 is a system composed of generator sets, and the power conversion device is a generator set. In addition to being connected to the power grid via the grid connection point G, the output end of the generator set is also connected to a load device. The SCADA and EMS modules are used to obtain the electrical data of the n generator sets, the electrical data of the switchgear 3, and the electrical data of the load devices, and generate a second control signal based on the electrical data of the n generator sets, the electrical data of the switchgear 3, the electrical data of the grid connection point G, and the electrical data of the load devices. The electrical data of the generator sets may be the electrical status of the generator sets, including the output current, output voltage, generated power, generated power status, available power, or maximum power of the generator sets. The electrical data of the load devices may be the electrical status of the load devices, including the device status, current power, maximum power, or minimum power of the load devices. The electrical data of the generator sets include preset electrical parameters and electrical status. The preset electrical parameters of the generator sets include the rated voltage, rated current, rated power, or configuration file of the generator sets, and the electrical status of the generator sets includes the voltage, current, or power of the generator sets.

[0114] Specifically, the SCADA and EMS functional modules include SCADA functional modules and EMS functional modules. Among them, the SCADA functional module is used to communicate directly or indirectly with photovoltaic inverters, PCS and battery management systems (BMS), oil / gas generators, wind turbines and other power generation equipment in the power generation system through one or more communication technologies including Ethernet, RS-485, CAN, PLC, RS-232, Wifi, 5G, 4G, Bluetooth, Greentooth and Profibus technologies, as well as circuit breakers, knife switches and other disconnecting devices of power lines in the power generation system, as well as other reactive devices such as capacitors or reactors contained in the power generation system, or to detect and control through the input DI / AI or output DO / AO of the power measurement and control device, and realize the functions of signal status acquisition, storage and human-machine display interface of key equipment in the system. Among them, the signal status of key equipment includes the electrical data of power conversion equipment and switching equipment in the power generation system. The human-machine display interface functions include, but are not limited to: direct display of the system's main wiring diagram, simulation diagram, trend diagram, report display, fault display, and alarm screen data driven by real-time data on an external display via the human-machine display interface provided by the device, or indirect display and human-machine operation based on the communication interface provided by the device (such as an Ethernet interface). In addition, after receiving the electrical data of the grid connection point G transmitted by the first chip 21, the SCADA function module implements storage and human-machine display interface functions for the electrical data of the grid connection point G.

[0115] The EMS functional module is used to perform logic control or AI control on the power generation equipment (including power conversion equipment) and switching equipment in the power generation system based on the data obtained by the SCADA functional module. Exemplarily, the EMS functional module is used to realize the start-up, shutdown, active power decomposition and distribution, reactive power decomposition and distribution, frequency stability control, voltage stability control, or photovoltaic energy storage coordinated economic dispatch control functions for each power generation equipment in the power generation system. The EMS functional module may also include the state estimation of the past, current and future power generation power, power generation, electrochemical energy storage or fossil energy storage energy, and equipment life of each sub-component of the power generation system, system economic analysis and graphical (such as curves, pie charts or bar charts) data display, revenue management and other functions.

[0116] Optionally, the second chip 22 may also include an AI artificial intelligence functional module, which is used for artificial intelligence prediction and control based on the current and historical data of the power generation system, and mathematical modeling and solution through deep learning of neural networks, including but not limited to photovoltaic / storage power generation prediction, load power prediction, electricity market price prediction, energy storage battery remaining power / energy storage battery health status prediction, energy storage battery system safety and performance status diagnosis and evaluation, photovoltaic storage and charging system equipment status full life cycle diagnosis, optimization or artificial intelligence control based on the above-mentioned related predictions, optimization or artificial intelligence control based on diagnosis results, and optimization or artificial intelligence control based on cycle or full life cycle economy.

[0117] Optionally, the second chip 22 may also include an intelligent operation and maintenance auxiliary service function module, which is used to assist in system operation and maintenance, offline maintenance strategy push, data and operation and maintenance management services, public cloud / private cloud interface services, power production plan / maintenance plan operation ticket services and other auxiliary services.

[0118] Furthermore, due to the high power of the second chip 22, a heat sink can be attached to the second chip 22 using thermally conductive silicone rubber to achieve fanless heat dissipation. Heat dissipation holes can be provided on the upper side and on the left and right structural members of the heat sink. This allows the power measurement and control device 2 to dissipate heat without the need for additional fans, even when it incorporates SCADA and EMS functions.

[0119] The data transmission between the second chip 22 and the first chip 21 includes real-time communication and non-real-time communication. The communication frequency of the real-time communication is higher than that of the non-real-time communication. The real-time communication and the non-real-time communication use different communication protocols.

[0120] Specifically, the power measurement and control device 2 can be divided into at least two categories based on the data type, granularity, and communication frequency requirements of the interactive synchronization data between the second chip 22 and the first chip 21, such as real-time communication data and non-real-time communication data. Among them, real-time communication data refers to Boolean, integer, floating-point, and simple Struct structure data with high communication frequency (i.e., short synchronization time), high real-time requirements, and small data granularity, including but not limited to the electrical status of the grid connection point, such as the current amplitude, voltage amplitude, frequency, and power of the grid connection point. Non-real-time communication data mainly refers to data with a communication frequency lower than that of real-time communication data (i.e., the synchronization time is longer than the synchronization time of real-time communication data), relatively weak real-time requirements, and its data form, in addition to Boolean, integer, floating-point, and simple Struct structure data, also includes large data structure Struct, large block memory or file, stream data, etc., including but not limited to configuration files of the second chip 22 and the first chip 21, parameter settings (including but not limited to communication point table configuration files, COMTRADE recording configuration files, GOOSE input and output configuration files), etc. Exemplarily, when the power conversion device is a photovoltaic inverter, the real-time communication data includes the electrical status of the grid connection point G, and the non-real-time data includes the electrical data of the photovoltaic power generation system and the preset electrical parameters of the photovoltaic inverter. When the power conversion device is a PCS, the real-time communication data includes the electrical status of the grid connection point G, the charge and discharge power or charge and discharge status of the energy storage battery, and the non-real-time communication data includes the energy storage battery current, voltage, battery temperature, remaining battery capacity, battery health status, cumulative battery charge or cumulative battery discharge capacity, and the preset electrical parameters of the PCS. When the power conversion device is a generator in a generator set, the real-time communication data includes the electrical status of the grid connection point G, the generated power or generated status of the generator set, and the device status or current power of the load device. The non-real-time communication data includes the preset electrical parameters of the generator set, the generator set's output current, output voltage, available power, maximum power or cumulative generated power, and the maximum power, minimum power or cumulative power usage of the load device.

[0121] Based on the classification of synchronized data exchanged between the second chip 22 and the first chip 21, the power measurement and control device 2 can divide the communication between the second chip 22 and the first chip 21 into real-time communication and non-real-time communication. The communication frequency of real-time communication is greater than that of non-real-time communication, and real-time communication and non-real-time communication use different communication protocols. Exemplarily, real-time communication refers to communication with a data transmission interval of less than 10ms (or 1s) and continuous data transmission. Non-real-time communication refers to communication with a data transmission interval of greater than or equal to 10ms (or 1s) and non-continuous data transmission. The power measurement and control device 2 also includes a primary communication circuit, which is connected to the communication interface of the first chip 21 and the communication interface of the second chip 22 and is used to support communication between the second chip 22 and the first chip 21. Here, the chip communication interface can be understood as the chip's communication terminal. Optionally, the power measurement and control device 2 also includes a backup communication circuit, which is connected to the communication interface of the first chip 21 and the communication interface of the second chip 22 and is also used to support communication between the second chip 22 and the first chip 21. The backup communication circuit is different from the primary communication circuit. Exemplarily, the communication protocol used for real-time communication may be GOOSE or UDP communication protocol, and the communication protocol used for non-real-time communication may be TCP communication protocol. Correspondingly, the primary communication circuit may be a 4-pair 8-wire circuit of 100M, 100M or above Ethernet, and the backup communication circuit may be CAN, IIC, SPI, RS-485 or other proprietary bus circuits, or shared memory circuits. In addition, the real-time communication and non-real-time communication between the second chip 22 and the first chip 21 share the same physical communication medium. Exemplarily, when the primary communication circuit is a 4-pair 8-wire circuit of 100M, 100M or above Ethernet, the physical communication media for the real-time communication and non-real-time communication between the second chip 22 and the first chip 21 are both twisted pair and optical fiber.

[0122] As can be appreciated, the communication circuits between the second chip 22 and the first chip 21 are diverse and highly flexible. Furthermore, the communication between the second chip 22 and the first chip 21 is divided into real-time and non-real-time communication, which facilitates meeting the different transmission requirements of real-time and non-real-time data. Furthermore, the independent operation of the second chip 22 and the first chip 21 based on communication can achieve the same reliability as the traditional EMS server + controller solution. If one of the two chips fails or malfunctions, it does not affect the operation of the other chip, thereby improving the operational stability of the power measurement and control device 2. Furthermore, the communication between the second chip 22 and the first chip 21 is primarily based on Ethernet, rather than traditional inter-CPU interaction technologies such as buses and shared memory, which facilitates distributed chip deployment and is not restricted by physical distance layout. Finally, the real-time and non-real-time communication between the first chip 21 and the second chip 22 share the same physical communication medium. Compared to solutions that deploy two different communication media for real-time and non-real-time communication, sharing the same driver can reduce hardware costs, reduce development workload, and improve communication efficiency.

[0123] An exemplary real-time communication scenario between the two chips is as follows: the power measurement and control functional module in the first chip 21 acquires electrical data from the grid connection point G, such as the real-time current and voltage of the grid connection point G, and calculates the real-time power of the grid connection point G based on the acquired real-time voltage and current of the grid connection point G. The module then transmits the real-time power of the grid connection point G to the second chip 22 using the GOOSE or UDP communication protocol. The EMS functional module in the second chip 22 determines target operating parameters, such as the target output voltage, for the n power conversion devices based on the real-time power and target power of the grid connection point G, and transmits the target output voltage of the power conversion device to the first chip 21 using the GOOSE or UDP communication protocol. The first chip 21 transmits the target output voltage to each power conversion device in the power generation system 1 using the GOOSE or UDP communication protocol. Each power conversion device then controls its output voltage based on the target output voltage to ensure that the power at the grid connection point G reaches the target power. This enables real-time communication between the second chip 22 and the first chip 21, and enables the power measurement and control device 2 to rapidly control each power conversion device. For another example, after the second chip 22 starts working, it sends its own heartbeat to the first chip 21 every 5 ms.

[0124] Exemplarily, the non-real-time communication scenario between the two chips is as follows: after the power measurement and control device is started, various configuration files are exchanged between the first chip 21 and the second chip 22 for the first time; after a period of time, when the relevant configuration of any one of the first chip 21 and the second chip 22 is updated, non-real-time update synchronization will be triggered; in addition, some information such as power statistics will also be refreshed within a certain period; and the operation and action record information of some devices will also be synchronously updated within a certain period.

[0125] In addition, the communication network between the second chip 22 and the first chip 21 is the same as the communication network between the power measurement and control device 2 and other devices in the power generation system 1 except the power measurement and control device 2. For example, the communication network between the second chip 22 and the first chip 21 is Ethernet, and the communication network between the power measurement and control device 2 and other devices in the power generation system 1 except the power measurement and control device 2 (such as power conversion equipment) is also Ethernet. Furthermore, when it is necessary to perform a master-slave distributed expansion of the power generation system 1, because the communication network between the internal chips in the power measurement and control device 2 is the same as the external communication network of the power measurement and control device 2, the problem of a large software and hardware development workload during distributed expansion due to differences in internal and external physical communication links and protocols can be avoided, thereby facilitating the master-slave distributed expansion of the power generation system 1, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of distributed expansion.

[0126] In the embodiment of the present application, the power measurement and control device 2 integrates the SCADA and EMS functions and the power measurement and control functions on the internal second chip 22 and the first chip 21 respectively. Compared with the dual control system in the power generation system in the prior art, which is bulky, has high system cost and complexity, the equipment size can be greatly reduced, and a large number of power supply circuits and auxiliary circuits can be saved. Therefore, the power measurement and control device 2 can effectively reduce the cost and complexity of the power generation system 1.

[0127] The power measurement and control device 2 includes at least one control board. Exemplarily, the at least one control board includes a first control board and a second control board, and the first chip 21 and the second chip 22 are respectively installed on the first control board and the second control board. For details, please refer to the power measurement and control device shown in Figure 4. As shown in Figure 4, compared with the power measurement and control device 2 shown in Figure 3, the first chip 21 and the second chip 22 in the power measurement and control device 2 shown in Figure 4 are respectively arranged on the first control board and the second control board. Specifically, the power measurement and control device 2 shown in Figure 4 also includes a first control board and a second control board, the second chip 22 is arranged on the first control board, and the first chip 21 is arranged on the second control board. The board here is a type of printed circuit board (PCB board for short), which is manufactured with a core and can be inserted into the slot of the main circuit board of the computer. The board here can also be understood as a plug-in.

[0128] The first control board and the second control board may also be provided with a complex programmable logic device (CPLD) / field programmable gate array (FPGA) chip, a network switching chip and auxiliary circuits. The first control board may also be provided with an analog-to-digital conversion chip. Among them, the CPLD / FPGA chip is used to support Ethernet storm filtering. The network switching chip is an integrated circuit chip used for network switching. It is a core component of the network switch and can realize functions such as data packet forwarding and routing. The principle of the network switching chip is to realize communication between network devices by forwarding data packets from one port to another. The auxiliary circuit is used to solve the chip's power supply, signal input and output channels, cache and other requirements. Optionally, the first control board and the second control board may also be provided with a communication chip. Exemplarily, the communication chip includes a Wifi / 4G / 5G chip.

[0129] The power measurement and control device 2 also includes a bus backplane board, on which a communication circuit between the first control board and the second control board is provided. The communication circuit includes one or more wiring circuits based on FE or GE Ethernet, as well as other optional spare CAN, IIC, SPI or other proprietary bus communication circuits. In addition, the bus backplane board can also be provided with a power supply, other inter-plug-in signal routing, and at least 4 indicator lights. Exemplarily, the indicator lights on the bus backplane board can be used to indicate the operating status, communication status, etc. of the bus backplane board. It can be understood that the boards other than the bus backplane board in the power measurement and control device 1 are all connected through the bus backplane board, and can be freely and independently replaced according to actual application requirements, thereby increasing the convenience of combination and reducing the overall application cost of the power measurement and control device 2.

[0130] The communication between the first control board and the second control board can be implemented based on the communication circuit on the bus backplane board. The communication data between the first control board and the second control board can be divided into real-time communication data and non-real-time communication data. Correspondingly, the communication between the first control board and the second control board can be divided into real-time communication and non-real-time communication. Here, for a detailed description of the communication data type, communication protocol, and communication circuit between the first control board and the second control board, please refer to the corresponding description of the communication part between the second chip 22 and the first chip 21 in the power measurement and control device 2 shown in Figure 3, which will not be repeated here. It can be understood that the independent operation between the first control board and the second control board based on communication can achieve the same reliability as the traditional EMS server + controller solution. When one of the two control boards fails or is abnormal in operation, it does not affect the operation of the other normal control board, which can improve the working stability of the power measurement and control device 2. In addition, the communication between the two control boards is divided into real-time communication and non-real-time communication, which is conducive to meeting the different transmission requirements of the two types of data: real-time communication data and non-real-time communication data.

[0131] The communication between the first control board and the second control board can be realized based on an invisible communication circuit (such as 100M or 1000M Ethernet wiring) on ​​the bus backplane board, or based on an explicit communication interface.

[0132] Specifically, the first control board is also provided with a communication interface, and the first control board is used to transmit data with the second control board through the communication interface, and to transmit data with the first device through the communication interface. The first device is other devices in the power generation system 1 except the power measurement and control device 2. In other words, the communication interface on the first control board can support communication between the first control board and the second control board, and support communication between the first control board and the first device. Correspondingly, the second control board is also provided with a communication interface, and the second control board is used to transmit data with the first control board through the communication interface, and to transmit data with the first device through the communication interface. In other words, the communication interface on the second control board can support communication between the second control board and the first control board, and support communication between the second control board and the first device. Exemplarily, the communication interfaces on the first control board and the second control board are both Ethernet interfaces, and the Ethernet interface provides a multi-link instantiated communication soft bus that includes two or more Ethernet communication protocols, GOOSE / UDP and TCP. Furthermore, the communication network between the two control boards is identical to the external communication network of the power measurement and control device 2, facilitating the master-slave distributed expansion of the power generation system 1, thereby effectively improving distributed expansion efficiency. The number of communication interfaces on the first control board and the second control board may be one or more, and this is not a limitation of this application.

[0133] It can be understood that the communication between the above two control boards is mainly based on a communication network (such as Ethernet) rather than traditional bus, shared memory and other board interaction technologies, which is conducive to the distributed deployment of boards and is not limited by physical distance layout.

[0134] For example, please refer to Figure 5, which is a structural diagram of the distributed deployment of the control board provided in this application. As shown in Figure 5, the first control board and the second control board can both be located in the system-level controller, or they can be located in the system-level controller and the simple distributed terminal or the distributed measurement and control terminal respectively. The following is an introduction taking the first control board and the second control board as examples where they are located in different devices. The second control board is located in the system-level controller, and multiple first control boards are located in multiple simple distributed terminals and multiple distributed measurement and control terminals respectively. Among them, the simple distributed terminal and the distributed measurement and control terminal are both power measurement and control devices, the simple distributed terminal only includes the first control board, and the distributed measurement and control terminal includes, in addition to the first control board, an AC sampling board and other boards. When the distance between the system-level controller and the simple distributed terminal and the distributed measurement and control terminal is close (such as within 50 meters), the communication between the second control board in the system-level controller and the first control board in the simple distributed terminal and the first control board in the distributed measurement and control device can be realized based on the communication interface set on each control board. When the distance between the system-level controller and the simple distributed terminal and the distributed measurement and control terminal is relatively far (e.g., greater than 50 meters), the communication between the second control board in the system-level controller and the first control board in the simple distributed terminal and the first control board in the distributed measurement and control device can be based on the communication interface provided on each control board and implemented through a switch. Furthermore, the first control board and the second control board in the present application do not need to be distinguished as being located in the same chassis or in different chassis, facilitating distributed deployment without distinguishing between on-site and remote deployment. The extended signal processing of the power generation system 1 is facilitated by normalization, which is beneficial for the power generation system 1 to achieve advanced, high-speed, and complex system functions.

[0135] Referring again to FIG. 4 , as shown in FIG. 4 , both the first control board and the second control board are further provided with a power supply interface. This power supply interface is used to supply power to the control board where the power supply interface is located, when connected to an external power source. It will be appreciated that the independent power supply interfaces provided on both the first and second control boards support independent power supply operation of a single control board without a bus backplane board, effectively reducing the cost and size of the power measurement and control device 2 .

[0136] Optionally, the first control board and the second control board may also be provided with a power board power supply interface, which is used to supply power to the control board where the power board power supply interface is located through the power board when the power board is connected. When a power supply is provided on the bus backplane board, the power board is a bus backplane board, which is also provided with a plurality of power output interfaces, which are used to supply power to other boards except the bus backplane board; when a power supply is not provided on the bus backplane board, the power measurement and control device 2 also includes a power board, which is used to provide power to the entire power measurement and control device 2, which is provided with two input ports, which respectively support AC input and DC input. In addition, the power board is also provided with a plurality of power output interfaces, which are used to supply power to other boards except the power board. It can be understood that the boards in the power measurement and control device 2 can be powered by an external power supply located outside the power measurement and control device 2 as well as by a power supply board inside the power measurement and control device 2. The power supply methods of the boards are diverse and highly flexible.

[0137] Both the first and second control boards are equipped with a fault alarm output interface and a signal input interface. The power generation system 1 also includes a redundant device for the power measurement and control device 2. The redundant device for the power measurement and control device 2 has the same circuit structure and functions as the power measurement and control device 2, and is equipped with a signal input interface. The fault alarm output interface of either the first or second control board is configured to output a first alarm signal to the redundant device for the power measurement and control device 2 in the power generation system 1 in the event of a fault or power outage in the power measurement and control device 2. Upon receiving the first alarm signal via its signal input interface, the redundant device for the power measurement and control device 2 transmits a first control signal to the n power conversion devices and switch devices 3 based on the acquired electrical data of the grid connection point G, or transmits a third control signal to the n power conversion devices and switch devices 3 based on the received second control signal. Alternatively, the redundant device performs logic control or AI control on the n power conversion devices and switch devices 3 based on the acquired electrical data of the n power conversion devices, the electrical data of the switch devices 3, and the electrical data of the grid connection point G. Here, the power measurement and control device 2 is the host machine, and the redundant device of the power measurement and control device 2 is the standby machine. Correspondingly, the signal input interface on any one of the first control board and the second control board is used to receive the second alarm signal sent when the redundant device of the power measurement and control device 2 fails or loses power. When the power measurement and control device 2 receives the second alarm signal at its signal input interface, it sends a first control signal to the above-mentioned n power conversion devices and switch devices 3 based on the acquired electrical data of the grid connection point G, or sends a third control signal to the above-mentioned n power conversion devices and switch devices 3 based on the received second control signal; or performs logic control or AI control on the above-mentioned n power conversion devices and switch devices 3 based on the acquired electrical data of the above-mentioned n power conversion devices, the electrical data of the switch device 3 and the electrical data of the grid connection point G. Here, the power measurement and control device 2 is the standby machine, and the redundant device of the power measurement and control device 2 is the host machine. It is understandable that by providing a device fault alarm output interface and a signal input interface on the control board, the redundant device of the power measurement and control device can promptly take over the power measurement and control work when the power measurement and control device fails or loses power, thereby improving the stability of the power generation system 1. Exemplarily, the fault alarm output interface provided by the present application can be a normally closed DO, the first alarm signal and the second alarm signal can be a voltage signal or a current signal, and the signal input interface is DI. Here, the present application does not limit the number of fault alarm output interfaces and the number of signal input interfaces on the first control board and the second control board. It is understandable that the above two control boards are both provided with a fault alarm output interface and a signal input interface, so that the independent boards can also maintain good fault detection and signal acquisition functions.

[0138] Furthermore, thanks to the fault alarm output and signal input interfaces provided on the two control boards, a single control board can also support redundancy, meeting the requirements for small-size installation, low cost, and high-performance redundancy. The following description begins with a schematic diagram of the two control boards, followed by a schematic diagram of their redundant architecture.

[0139] For example, please refer to Figure 6, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single control board provided in this application. As shown in Figure 6, the second control board is provided with a second chip 22, a fault alarm output interface, a signal input interface, a communication interface and a power supply interface. The first control board is provided with a first chip 21, a fault alarm output interface, a signal input interface, a communication interface, a power supply interface and an analog-to-digital conversion chip. Optionally, both the first control board and the second control board can be provided with a power board power supply interface. Here, either the first control board and the second control board can constitute a separate controller. For the functions of the various interfaces and various chips provided on the above two control boards, please refer to the description of the corresponding parts in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0140] For example, please refer to Figure 7, which is a schematic diagram of a redundant structure of a single control board provided in the present application. As shown in Figure 7, the two second control boards are respectively located on the first control board host and the first control board standby. The second control board in the second control board host is provided with a signal input interface, a fault alarm output interface and at least three network communication interfaces, wherein the at least three network communication interfaces correspond to at least three Fast Ethernet (FE) ports in Figure 7. For example, the three FE ports are respectively used to support communication between the second control board host and the second control board standby, support communication between the second control board host and other northbound devices or systems, and support communication between the second control board host and southbound data acquisition or other devices.

[0141] The second control board in the second control board standby machine is provided with a signal input interface, a fault alarm output interface, and at least three network communication interfaces, wherein the at least three network communication interfaces correspond to the at least three Fast Ethernet (FE) ports in Figure 7. For example, the three FE ports are respectively used to support communication between the second control board standby machine and the second control board host machine, support communication between the second control board standby machine and other northbound devices or systems, and support communication between the second control board standby machine and southbound data acquisition or other devices.

[0142] The signal input interface of the second control board standby machine is connected to the fault alarm output interface of the second control board host machine, and the fault alarm output interface of the second control board standby machine is connected to the signal input interface of the second control board host machine.

[0143] After the second control board is operational, it begins acquiring electrical data from each southbound data acquisition or other device and, based on this data, performs logical or AI control on each southbound data acquisition or other device. After the second control board is operational, it begins acquiring electrical data from each southbound data acquisition or other device. In the event of a failure or power outage, the second control board outputs a first alarm signal to the signal input interface of the second control board's backup device via its fault alarm output interface. Upon receiving the first alarm signal through its signal input interface, the second control board's backup device performs logical or AI control on each southbound data acquisition or other device based on the acquired electrical data from each southbound data acquisition or other device, thereby taking over the operations of the first control board. The primary and backup roles of the second control board's primary and backup devices can be switched. The specific implementation of how the second control board's primary device takes over from the backup device in the event of a failure or power outage will not be described here. Consequently, a single second control board can support redundancy, meeting the requirements for compact installation and low-cost, high-performance redundancy.

[0144] For example, please refer to Figure 8, which is another redundant structure diagram of a single control board provided in the present application. As shown in Figure 8, the two first control boards are respectively located in the first control board host and the first control board standby. The first control board in the first control board host is provided with a signal input interface, a fault alarm output interface and at least two communication interfaces, wherein the at least two communication interfaces correspond to at least two FE ports in Figure 8. For example, the two FE ports are respectively used to support communication between the first control board host and the first control board standby, and to support communication between the first control board host and the northbound host or standby containing the second control board.

[0145] The first control board in the first control board standby machine is provided with a signal input interface, a fault alarm output interface, and at least two communication interfaces, wherein the at least two communication interfaces correspond to the at least two FE ports in Figure 8. For example, the two FE ports are used to support communication between the first control board standby machine and the first control board host, and to support communication between the first control board standby machine and the northbound host or standby machine including the second control board.

[0146] The signal input interface of the first control board standby machine is connected to the fault alarm output interface of the first control board main machine, and the fault alarm output interface of the first control board standby machine is connected to the signal input interface of the first control board main machine.

[0147] After the first control board is in operation as a main unit, it begins collecting electrical data from power nodes (such as grid connection points). Based on the electrical data from the power nodes, it sends a first control signal to the primary PTs, primary CTs, circuit breakers, switches, or other devices to control the operating status of these devices. A primary PT refers to a device connected to the primary side of a voltage transformer, and a primary CT refers to a device connected to the primary side of a current transformer. After the first control board is in operation as a standby unit, it begins collecting electrical data from power nodes.

[0148] In the event of a failure or power outage, the first control board host outputs a first alarm signal to the signal input interface of the first control board standby machine through its own fault alarm output interface. When the first control board standby machine receives the first alarm signal at its signal input interface, it sends a first control signal to the above-mentioned primary PT, primary CT, circuit breaker, knife switch or other equipment based on the collected electrical data of the power node to control the working status of the above-mentioned primary PT, primary CT, circuit breaker, knife switch or other equipment to take over the work of the first control board host. Here, the master and standby identities of the second control board host and the second control board standby machine can be switched. The specific implementation method of the first control board standby machine taking over the first control board standby machine in the event of a failure or power outage will not be demonstrated here. It can be further seen that a single first control board can also support redundancy to meet the requirements of small-size installation and low-cost, high-performance redundancy.

[0149] For example, please refer to Figure 9, which is a schematic diagram of the redundant structure of the dual control board provided in this application. As shown in Figure 9, the controller host and the controller standby machine both include a first control board, a second control board, and a bus backplane board. The first control board in the controller host is provided with a signal input interface, a fault alarm output interface, and at least three communication interfaces, wherein the at least three communication interfaces correspond to the at least three FE ports in Figure 9. For example, the three FE ports on the first control board are respectively used to support communication between the first control board in the controller host and the first control board in the controller standby machine, support communication between the first control board in the controller host and other northbound devices or systems, support communication between the first control board in the controller host and southbound data acquisition or other devices, and support communication between the first control board in the controller host and the second control board. The second control board in the controller host is provided with a signal input interface, a fault alarm output interface, and at least one communication interface, wherein at least one communication interface corresponds to at least one FE port in Figure 9. For example, one FE port on the second control board is used for communication between the second control board in the controller host and the first control board. The bus backplane board in the controller host is provided with a multi-link instantiated communication soft bus including two or more Ethernet communication protocols of GOOSE / UDP and TCP, which is used to support communication between the first control board and the second control board in the controller host.

[0150] The first control board in the standby controller is provided with a signal input interface, a fault alarm output interface, and at least three communication interfaces, wherein the at least three communication interfaces correspond to the at least three FE ports in FIG9 . Exemplarily, the three FE ports are used to support communication between the first control board in the standby controller and the first control board in the main controller, support communication between the first control board in the standby controller and other northbound devices or systems, support communication between the first control board in the standby controller and southbound data acquisition or other devices, and support communication between the first control board in the standby controller and the second control board. The second control board in the standby controller is provided with a signal input interface, a fault alarm output interface, and at least one communication interface, wherein the at least one communication interface corresponds to the at least one FE port in FIG9 . Exemplarily, one FE port on the second control board is used for communication between the second control board in the standby controller and the first control board. The bus backplane board in the controller standby machine is provided with a multi-link instantiated communication soft bus including two or more Ethernet communication protocols of GOOSE / UDP and TCP, which is used to support communication between the first control board and the second control board in the controller standby machine.

[0151] The signal input interface on the first control board in the controller standby machine is connected to the fault alarm output interface on the first control board in the controller host, and the fault alarm output interface on the first control board in the controller standby machine is connected to the signal input interface on the first control board in the controller host.

[0152] After the controller host starts working, the first control board in the controller host starts to collect electrical data from the power nodes, and based on the electrical data from the power nodes, sends a first control signal to the southbound data acquisition or other equipment to control the working status of the above-mentioned southbound data acquisition or other equipment. The second control board in the controller host starts to obtain the electrical data of each southbound data acquisition or other equipment, and based on the electrical data of each southbound data acquisition or other equipment, performs logic control or AI control on each southbound data acquisition or other equipment. After the controller standby machine starts working, the first control board in the controller standby machine starts to collect electrical data from the power nodes, and the second control board in the controller standby machine starts to obtain electrical data from each southbound data acquisition or other equipment.

[0153] When the first control board of the controller host fails or loses power, the controller host outputs a first alarm signal to the signal input interface of the first control board in the controller standby machine through its own fault alarm output interface. When the first control board in the controller standby machine receives the first alarm signal at its signal input interface, it sends a first control signal to the southbound data acquisition or other equipment based on the collected electrical data of the power node to control the working state of the above-mentioned southbound data acquisition or other equipment, thereby taking over the work of the first control board in the controller host. Here, the master-standby identities of the first control board in the controller host and the first control board in the controller standby machine can be switched. The specific implementation method of the first control board in the controller host taking over the first control board in the controller standby machine when the first control board in the controller standby machine fails or loses power will not be described in detail here.

[0154] The signal input interface on the second control board in the standby controller is connected to the fault alarm output interface on the second control board in the main controller. The fault alarm output interface on the second control board in the standby controller is also connected to the signal input interface on the second control board in the main controller. In the event of a fault or power outage on its second control board, the main controller outputs a first alarm signal to the signal input interface of the second control board in the standby controller via its own fault alarm output interface. Upon receiving the first alarm signal, the second control board in the standby controller performs logic control or AI control of each southbound data acquisition or other device based on the acquired electrical data from that device, thereby taking over the operation of the second control board in the main controller. The master and standby roles of the second control board in the main controller and the second control board in the standby controller can be switched. The specific implementation of the second control board in the main controller taking over the role of the second control board in the standby controller in the event of a fault or power outage will not be described in detail here. Understandably, traditional solutions for EMS redundancy and controller redundancy achieve redundancy at both ends, resulting in high costs and complex communication and control schemes. However, in the present embodiment, the power generation system, based on two controller modules, achieves the redundancy that traditional solutions require, requiring two sets of redundancy modules at both the upper and lower levels. This significantly reduces redundancy costs, complexity, and installation costs.

[0155] In summary, the embodiment shown in FIG7 is a dual second control board redundancy solution, the embodiment shown in FIG8 is a dual first control board redundancy solution, and the embodiment shown in FIG9 is a whole-machine redundancy solution. The redundancy solutions provided by this application are diverse and highly flexible. In addition, the control boards in this application all interact with each other through the fault alarm output interface and the signal input interface, which can achieve high-reliability fault detection and high-speed switching, and have higher reliability and switching performance than those based on pure data communication methods.

[0156] In addition, at least one of the first and second control boards shown in FIG4 is also provided with a human-machine display interface. For ease of description, the following describes the human-machine display interface function provided by the power measurement and control device 2, taking as an example a case where the first control board is provided with a human-machine display interface, the communication chip on the first control board is a Wi-Fi chip, and the communication interfaces on the first and second control boards are Ethernet interfaces, in conjunction with the structural schematic diagram of the power measurement and control device shown in FIG10.

[0157] As shown in Figure 10, the first control board, the second control board, and the bus backplane board are all equipped with indicator lights. For power generation system 1, which has a small capacity and no operational display requirements, power measurement and control device 2 only provides indicator lights, allowing the device's status to be determined.

[0158] The second control board is also provided with a Wifi chip or an Ethernet interface. The second control board provides the WebService human-machine display interface Http protocol through the Ethernet interface, and supports screen and human-machine operation interface services based on common Internet browser software on an external laptop or computer workstation. The second control board also supports App application screens or human-machine interface services based on wireless communication for mobile phones or tablet devices by using an optional Wifi chip. When the customer does not have high requirements for operation display, the power measurement and control device 2 can establish a wireless communication connection with a mobile phone or tablet APP based on the Wifi chip, or establish a communication connection with a laptop or desktop computer based on the Ethernet interface. It is only necessary to complete the project commissioning and customized parameter configuration through a normal browser through the mobile phone or tablet APP, laptop or desktop WebUI service at the initial start of the project. After commissioning, the laptop can be withdrawn and reconnected when needed, without any additional human-machine display costs.

[0159] The second control board is also equipped with a human-machine display interface (HMI). This HMI interface can be one or a combination of VGA, DVI, HDMI, DP, and Type C interfaces. The plug-in software provides the display data protocol for the corresponding interface. If the customer has special LCD or other display requirements for power generation system 1, power generation system 1 can be configured with an LCD or other display. The power measurement and control device 2 can display acquired data (such as electrical data from grid connection point G, the electrical data of the n power conversion devices, and the electrical data of the switchgear) directly on the display through the HMI.

[0160] In large and medium-sized power generation systems, when customers have dedicated EMS or SCADA service requirements, Ethernet communication data transmission can be carried out through the Ethernet interface on the second control board, and independent communication display can be performed on the EMS monitoring and display equipment selected in the power generation system.

[0161] When the second control board is not included in the power measurement and control device 2, an Ethernet interface can also be configured on the first control board. The second control board provides a WebService human-machine display interface (Http protocol) through the Ethernet interface, supporting screen and human-machine operation interface services based on common Internet browser software on an external laptop or computer workstation.

[0162] In practical applications, the indicator light display, mobile and tablet app display, and WebUI display provided by the power measurement and control device 2 have significantly lower failure rates than traditional LCD displays, resulting in higher reliability. The mobile and tablet app display, WebUI display, and display via the optional EMS monitoring and display device are virtually unrestricted by distance and are easy to use. The human-machine interface provided by the power measurement and control device 2 is flexible and expandable with optional LCD displays, meeting high-end display requirements.

[0163] It can be understood that the power measurement and control device 2 can provide various forms of display and configuration operation human-machine services based on the existing hardware interface of the controller, such as WebUI, Wifi+App, etc., so as to meet the customer's display solutions of different dimensions, different distances and different costs, thereby improving the display flexibility of the power measurement and control device 2 and reducing the display cost.

[0164] Referring again to Figure 4 , the power measurement and control device 2 can also include an AC sampling card and an extended input / output interface card. The AC sampling card is equipped with at least three secondary voltage transformers, at least three secondary current transformers, and current / voltage input terminals. The extended input / output interface card provides expansion terminals for either DI or DO ports, or AI / AO ports, or a combination of these two or more.

[0165] In the embodiment of the present application, the power measurement and control device 2 integrates the SCADA and EMS functions, as well as the power measurement and control functions, into the internal second chip 22 and first chip 21, respectively. Compared to the large, high-cost, and complex dual-control systems in the prior art power generation system, the device size can be significantly reduced, and a large number of power supply circuits and auxiliary circuits can be saved. Therefore, the power measurement and control device 2 can effectively reduce the cost and complexity of the power generation system. In addition, by placing the second chip 22 and the first chip 21 on two independent peripheral circuit boards, the functions of the two boards can be independently arranged or combined, which is conducive to improving project implementation flexibility and reducing costs.

[0166] In the present application, in addition to setting the first chip 21 and the second chip 22 on two control boards of the power measurement and control device 2 respectively, the first chip 21 and the second chip 22 can also be set on the same control board of the power measurement and control device 2.

[0167] Refer to Figure 11, which is another structural schematic diagram of the power measurement and control device provided by the present application. As shown in Figure 11, the second chip 22 and the first chip 21 are both arranged on the first control board. Here, for the description of the second chip 22 and the first chip 21, please refer to the description of the corresponding parts in the power measurement and control device 2 shown in Figure 3, which will not be repeated here. Optionally, the first control board is also provided with a CPLD / FPGA chip, a network switching chip, an analog-to-digital conversion chip, a communication chip and an auxiliary circuit. Here, for the description of the CPLD / FPGA chip, the network switching chip, the analog-to-digital conversion chip, the auxiliary circuit and the communication chip, please refer to the description of the corresponding parts in the power measurement and control device 2 shown in Figure 4, which will not be repeated here.

[0168] The first control board is also provided with a communication interface, which is used to transmit data with the first device through the communication interface. The first device is other equipment in the power generation system 1 except the power measurement and control device 2. In other words, the communication interface is used to support communication between the first control board and the first device. Exemplarily, the communication interfaces on the first control board are all Ethernet interfaces, which provide a multi-link instantiated communication soft bus that includes two or more Ethernet communication protocols such as GOOSE / UDP and TCP. In addition, the external communication network of the power measurement and control device 2 is the same as the communication network (such as Ethernet) between the above-mentioned two chips, which facilitates the master-slave distributed expansion of the power generation system 1, thereby effectively providing distributed expansion efficiency. Here, the number of communication interfaces on the first control board can be one or more, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0169] The first control board is also provided with a human-machine display interface, and the first chip 21 is used to perform human-machine display on the display device through the human-machine display interface. Here, for a description of the human-machine display interface and the human-machine display performed by the first control board through the non-human-machine display interface, please refer to the corresponding description of Figure 10, which will not be repeated here.

[0170] The first control board is also provided with a power supply interface, which is used to supply power to the first control board via the external power supply when connected to an external power supply. Optionally, the first control board may also be provided with a power board power supply interface, which is used to supply power to the first control board via the power board when connected to a power board. For a detailed description of the power supply interface and the power board power supply interface, please refer to the description of the corresponding portion of the power measurement and control device 2 shown in FIG4 , which will not be repeated here.

[0171] The first control board is also provided with a fault alarm output interface and a signal input interface. The power generation system 1 also includes a redundant device for the power measurement and control device 2, which is provided with a signal input interface. The fault alarm output interface on the first control board is used to output a first alarm signal to the redundant backup device of the power measurement and control device 2 in the power generation system 1 in the event of a fault or power outage in the power measurement and control device 2. When the redundant device of the power measurement and control device 2 receives the first alarm signal at its signal input interface, it sends a first control signal to the n power conversion devices and switch devices 3 based on the acquired electrical data of the grid connection point G, or sends a third control signal to the n power conversion devices and switch devices 3 based on the received second control signal; or it performs logical control or AI control on the n power conversion devices and switch devices 3 based on the acquired electrical data of the n power conversion devices, the electrical data of the switch devices 3, and the electrical data of the grid connection point G. Here, the power measurement and control device 2 is the host device, and the redundant device of the power measurement and control device 2 is the backup device. Correspondingly, the signal input interface on the first control board is used to receive a second alarm signal sent when the redundant device of the power measurement and control device 2 fails or loses power. When the power measurement and control device 2 receives the second alarm signal at its signal input interface, it sends a first control signal to the n power conversion devices and switch devices 3 based on the acquired electrical data of the grid connection point G, or sends a third control signal to the n power conversion devices and switch devices 3 based on the received second control signal; or it performs logic control or AI control on the n power conversion devices and switch devices 3 based on the acquired electrical data of the n power conversion devices, the electrical data of the switch devices 3, and the electrical data of the grid connection point G. Here, the power measurement and control device 2 is the backup device, and the redundant device of the power measurement and control device 2 is the main device. It can be understood that by providing a device failure alarm output interface and a signal input interface on the control board, the redundant device of the power measurement and control device can promptly take over the power measurement and control work when the power measurement and control device fails or loses power, thereby improving the stability of the power generation system 1. For example, the fault alarm output interface provided in this application can be a normally closed DO, the first alarm signal and the second alarm signal can be voltage signals or current signals, and the signal input interface is a DI. Here, this application does not limit the number of fault alarm output interfaces and signal input interfaces on the first control board. It is understood that the first control board is provided with a fault alarm output interface and a signal input interface, so that the independent board can also maintain good fault detection and signal acquisition functions.

[0172] In addition, based on the fault alarm output interface and signal input interface set on the first control board, the power measurement and control device 2 shown in Figure 11 is suitable for the redundancy scheme shown in Figure 9, so it can also support redundancy and meet the redundancy requirements of small size installation and low cost and high performance.

[0173] It should be noted that the second chip 22 in the power measurement and control device 2 shown in FIG11 includes an AI artificial intelligence functional module. The AI ​​artificial intelligence functional module can also be located separately in a third chip in the power measurement and control device 2 that is different from the second chip 22 and the first chip 21. The third chip can be located together with the second chip 22 and the first chip 21 on the first control board, or it can be located on a second control board in the power measurement and control device 2 that is different from the first control board.

[0174] In the embodiment of the present application, the power measurement and control device 2 integrates the SCADA and EMS functions, as well as the power measurement and control functions, into the internal second chip 22 and first chip 21, respectively. Compared to the dual control systems in the prior art power generation systems, which are bulky, have high system costs and complexity, the device size can be significantly reduced, and a large number of power supply circuits and auxiliary circuits can be saved. Therefore, the power measurement and control device 2 can effectively reduce the cost and complexity of the power generation system. In addition, by placing the second chip 22 and the first chip 21 on the same independent peripheral circuit board, the second chip 22 and the first chip 21 can share some chips, interfaces, and circuits, thereby effectively reducing the cost of the power measurement and control device 2 and reducing the size of the power measurement and control device 2.

[0175] In addition, the functional modules such as the SCADA functional module, the EMS functional module and the AI ​​artificial intelligence functional module included in the second chip 22 provided by the present application (i.e., service feature components) are independently deployed through microservice technology and message bus technology. Please refer to Figure 12 for details. Figure 12 is a structural diagram of the second chip provided by the present application. As shown in Figure 12, the processor CPU of the second chip 22 includes a SCADA functional module, an EMS functional module, an AI artificial intelligence functional module, a bus and a multi-core (corresponding to Core0 to Core5 in Figure 11). The functional modules such as the SCADA functional module, the EMS functional module and the AI ​​artificial intelligence functional module included in the processor CPU of the second chip 22 are independently deployable through microservice technology and message bus technology, and can be flexibly bound to multi-core resources to achieve reasonable allocation and utilization of processor resources. Among them, the message bus technology can adopt communication between multi-cores based on shared memory, or can adopt communication technology based on socket mode. Exemplarily, the SCADA functional module adopts GOOSE and TCP Ethernet communication mode to communicate with the first chip 21, and also adopts the same communication mode to communicate with external devices, and provides communication data to other devices or systems to the north. The EMS functional module uses data from the SCADA functional module as input based on logic control technology or model predictive control (MPC) technology to make control decisions for the power generation system and send instructions via the bus. The AI ​​functional module uses data from the SCADA functional module as input and implements AI services based on big data analysis, deep learning, or solver technology. These services include load forecasting, power generation forecasting, energy storage estimation, or system status estimation. The relevant results are output to the EMS functional module for more advanced and sophisticated functional implementation.

[0176] As can be understood, the SCADA, EMS, and AI modules in the second chip 22 are deployed based on a microservices architecture, which can conserve and fully utilize resources such as CPU and memory, improve resource support for required functional modules, and minimize the cross-influence of unrelated modules. Furthermore, the independent development and deployment of related modules reduces coupling with other modules, thereby improving development and testing efficiency.

[0177] It should be noted that the above-mentioned power measurement and control device 2 is introduced by taking the SCADA and EMS functions and the power measurement and control functions as the internal second chip 22 and the first chip 21 as an example, that is, taking multiple CPUs as an example. The power measurement and control device 2 in this application is also applicable to the single-CPU multi-core solution.

[0178] Referring to Figure 13, Figure 13 is another structural schematic diagram of the power measurement and control device provided by the present application. As shown in Figure 13, the power measurement and control device 2 includes a first chip 21, and the first chip 21 includes multiple cores and a bus. Data is transmitted between the multiple cores through the bus, and the multiple cores include a SCADA functional module, an EMS functional module, and a power measurement and control functional module. Exemplarily, the first chip 21 includes a first core and a second core, the first core includes a SCADA functional module and an EMS functional module, and the second core includes a power measurement and control functional module. Optionally, the first chip 21 includes a first core, a second core, and a third core, wherein the first core includes a SCADA functional module, the second core includes an EMS functional module, and the third core includes a power measurement and control functional module.

[0179] Among them, the power measurement and control function module is used to obtain the electrical data of the grid connection point G, and based on the electrical data of the grid connection point G, send a first control signal to the above-mentioned n power conversion devices and the switch device 3; the power measurement and control function module is also used to send the electrical data of the grid connection point G to the SCADA function module via the bus. The SCADA function module is used to obtain the electrical data of the above-mentioned n power conversion devices and the electrical data of the switch device 3, as well as receive the electrical data of the grid connection point G sent by the power measurement and control function module, and send the electrical data of the above-mentioned n power conversion devices, the electrical data of the switch device 3, and the electrical data of the grid connection point G to the EMS function module via the bus. The EMS function module is used to generate a second control signal based on the electrical data of the above-mentioned n power conversion devices, the electrical data of the switch device 3, and the electrical data of the grid connection point G obtained by the SCADA function module, and send the second control signal to the power measurement and control function module via the bus. Specifically, the EMS functional module is used to perform logic control or AI control on the n power conversion devices and the switch device 3 based on the electrical data of the n power conversion devices, the electrical data of the switch device 3, and the electrical data of the grid connection point G, and send a second control signal generated based on the logic control or AI control to the power measurement and control functional module via the bus, that is, a logic control signal corresponding to the logic control or an AI control signal corresponding to the AI ​​control. Alternatively, the EMS functional module is also used to send the electrical data of multiple power conversion devices and the electrical data of the switch device to the power measurement and control functional module via the bus. The power measurement and control functional module is also used to send a third control signal to the n power conversion devices and the switch device 3 based on the electrical data of the n power conversion devices and the electrical data of the switch device 3 received from the EMS functional module via the bus, or based on the second control signal received from the EMS functional module via the bus. The bus can be CAN, IIC, SPI, RS-485, or other proprietary bus circuits.

[0180] Optionally, the first core further includes an AI function module or a smart operation and maintenance auxiliary service function module, and the second core further includes at least one of a fast power control module, a quasi-synchronous closing module, a grid-connected / off-grid control module, and a frequency and voltage stability control module.

[0181] Here, for the detailed description of each functional module included in the first core and the second core, please refer to the description of the corresponding part in the power measurement and control device 2 shown in FIG3 , which will not be repeated here.

[0182] Data transmission between multiple cores includes real-time communication and non-real-time communication. The communication frequency of real-time communication is greater than that of non-real-time communication. For example, real-time communication is communication with a data transmission interval of less than 10ms (or 1s) and continuous data transmission. Non-real-time communication is communication with a data transmission interval of greater than or equal to 10ms (or 1s) and non-continuous data transmission.

[0183] The power measurement and control device 2 can be divided into at least two categories based on the data type, granularity, and communication frequency requirements for the interactive synchronization data between multiple cores: real-time communication data and non-real-time communication data. For a detailed description of real-time communication data, non-real-time communication data, and application scenarios for real-time and non-real-time communication between multiple cores, please refer to the corresponding description of the power measurement and control device 2 shown in Figure 3 and will not be repeated here.

[0184] In an embodiment of the present application, the power measurement and control device 2 integrates the SCADA and EMS functions and the power measurement and control function on different cores of the same chip. Compared with the dual control system in the prior art that is bulky, has high system cost and complexity in the power generation system, the equipment size can be greatly reduced, and a large number of power supply circuits and auxiliary circuits can be saved. Therefore, the power measurement and control device 2 can effectively reduce the cost and complexity of the power generation system 1.

[0185] The power measurement and control device 2 includes at least one control board. Exemplarily, the at least one control board includes a first control board, and the first chip 21 is installed on the first control board. For details, please refer to the power measurement and control device shown in Figure 14. As shown in Figure 14, the first control board can also be provided with a CPLD / FPGA chip, a network switching chip, an auxiliary circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion chip, a communication chip, a fault alarm output interface, a signal input interface, a communication interface, and a power supply interface. Optionally, the first control board can also be provided with a communication chip and a power supply interface. Here, for the description of the CPLD / FPGA chip, the network switching chip, the analog-to-digital conversion chip, the auxiliary circuit, the communication chip, the fault alarm output interface, the signal input interface, and the power supply interface, please refer to the description of the corresponding parts in the power measurement and control device 2 shown in Figure 4, which will not be repeated here.

[0186] The first control board is used to transmit data with a first device via a communication interface. The first device is a device other than the power measurement and control device 2 in the power generation system 1. Exemplarily, the communication interface is an Ethernet interface that provides a multi-link instantiated communication soft bus that includes two or more Ethernet communication protocols, including GOOSE / UDP and TCP. The number of communication interfaces on the first control board can be one or more, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0187] The first control board is also provided with a human-machine display interface, and the first chip 21 is used to perform human-machine display on the display device through the human-machine display interface. Here, for a description of the human-machine display interface and the human-machine display performed by the first control board through the non-human-machine display interface, please refer to the corresponding description of Figure 10, which will not be repeated here.

[0188] The power measurement and control device 2 can also include a power supply board, an AC sampling board and an extended input and output interface board. Here, for the description of the power supply board, the AC sampling board and the extended input and output interface board, please refer to the description of the corresponding parts in the power measurement and control device 2 shown in Figure 4, which will not be repeated here.

[0189] In an embodiment of the present application, the power measurement and control device 2 integrates the SCADA and EMS functions and the power measurement and control function on different cores of the same chip. Compared with the dual control system in the prior art that is bulky, has high system cost and complexity in the power generation system, the equipment size can be greatly reduced, and a large number of power supply circuits and auxiliary circuits can be saved. Therefore, the power measurement and control device 2 can effectively reduce the cost and complexity of the power generation system 1.

[0190] In addition, the power measurement and control device 2 provided in the present application is usually installed in a power distribution cabinet or a power standard panel cabinet. The chassis structure of the power measurement and control device 2 has no fan, a protection level of not less than IP20, an operating temperature range of not less than -25°C to 55°C, and meets the safety regulations and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements of the industry's power measurement and control devices. In addition, the chassis and surface plug-in structural parts of the power measurement and control device 2 provide the above-mentioned board installation, heat dissipation, and indication display, and the container space with external installation can be a flat plug-in or vertical plug-in structure. For example, please refer to Figure 15, which is another structural schematic diagram of the power measurement and control device provided in the present application. As shown in Figure 15, (a) in Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the front of the power measurement and control device 2, and (b) in Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the back of the power measurement and control device 2. As can be seen from (b) in Figure 15, the power measurement and control device includes MCB, SCB, ACB, IOB and PWR, among which SCB corresponds to the first control board card in the power measurement and control device 2 shown in Figure 4, MCB corresponds to the second control board card in the power measurement and control device 2 shown in Figure 4, ACB corresponds to the AC sampling board card in the power measurement and control device 2 shown in Figure 4, IOB corresponds to the extended input and output port board card in the power measurement and control device 2 shown in Figure 4, and PWR corresponds to the power supply board card in the power measurement and control device 2 shown in Figure 4.

[0191] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A power measurement and control device, characterized in that: The power measurement and control device is applied to a power generation system, the power generation system includes a plurality of power conversion devices and a switch device, the switch device is used to control the on and off of the plurality of power conversion devices and a power grid, the output ends of the plurality of power conversion devices are used to connect the power grid through a grid connection point, the power measurement and control device includes a first chip and a second chip, wherein: The first chip includes a power measurement and control function module, the power measurement and control function module is used to obtain electrical data of the grid connection point, and send a first control signal to the multiple power conversion devices and the switch device based on the electrical data of the grid connection point; The first chip is also used to send the electrical data of the grid connection point to the second chip through the communication interface; The second chip includes a data acquisition function (SCADA, Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) and an energy management (EMS, Energy Management System) function module, and the SCADA and EMS function modules are used to obtain the electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices and the electrical data of the switch device, and generate a second control signal based on the electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices, the electrical data of the switch device and the electrical data of the grid connection point; the second chip is also used to send the second control signal to the first chip through the communication interface, or the second chip is also used to send the electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices and the electrical data of the switch device to the first chip through the communication interface; The power measurement and control function module is also used to send a third control signal to the multiple power conversion devices and the switching device based on the electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices, the electrical data of the switching device or the second control signal received by the second chip through the communication interface.

2. The power measurement and control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data transmission between the first chip and the second chip includes: real-time communication and non-real-time communication, and the data transmission frequency of the real-time communication is greater than the data transmission frequency of the non-real-time communication.

3. The power measurement and control device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The power measurement and control device includes at least one control board, and the first chip and the second chip are installed on the same control board; or the first chip and the second chip are installed on different control boards.

4. The power measurement and control device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control board is provided with a power supply interface, and the power supply interface is used to connect a power source.

5. The power measurement and control device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The electric power measurement and control device also includes a power board. The control board is provided with a power board power supply interface. The power board power supply interface is used to supply power to the control board through the power board when the power board is connected.

6. The power measurement and control device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The control board is provided with the communication interface, and the control board is used to transmit data with a first device through the communication interface. The first device is other equipment in the power generation system except the power measurement and control device.

7. The power measurement and control device according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: The control board is also provided with a human-machine display interface, and the second chip is used to display the electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices, the switch device and the grid connection point on a display device through the human-machine display interface.

8. The power measurement and control device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The communication network between the first chip and the second chip is the same as the communication network between the power measurement and control device and other equipment in the power generation system except the power measurement and control device.

9. The power measurement and control device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The communication interface includes an Ethernet interface.

10. The power measurement and control device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The second control signal includes a control signal generated by the SCADA and EMS functional modules performing logical control or artificial intelligence (AI) control on the multiple power conversion devices and the switching devices, wherein the logical control includes a preset startup strategy control, a preset shutdown strategy control, a preset active power decomposition and delivery strategy control, a preset reactive power decomposition and delivery strategy control, a preset frequency and voltage stability strategy control, a grid connection point tripping / closing control, or a power adjustment control for a single power conversion device, and the AI ​​control includes a power generation prediction control, a power generation prediction control, or an equipment life prediction control of the power conversion device.

11. The power measurement and control device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The power conversion device is a photovoltaic inverter; The SCADA and EMS functional modules are used to obtain the electrical data of the multiple photovoltaic inverters, the electrical data of the switching devices, and the electrical data of the power generation system, and generate the second control signal based on the electrical data of the multiple photovoltaic inverters, the electrical data of the switching devices, the electrical data of the grid connection point, and the electrical data of the power generation system.

12. The power measurement and control device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The real-time communication data includes the electrical data of the grid connection point, and the non-real-time communication data includes the electrical data of the power generation system and the electrical data of the photovoltaic inverter.

13. The power measurement and control device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: The electrical data of the grid connection point includes the current, voltage or power of the grid connection point, the electrical data of the power generation system includes the system capacity or the primary rated value and the secondary rated value of the grid connection point measuring transformer, and the electrical data of the photovoltaic inverter includes the rated voltage, rated current, rated power or configuration file of the photovoltaic inverter.

14. The power measurement and control device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The power conversion device is an energy storage converter, and the power generation system further comprises an energy storage battery, which is connected to the input end of the energy storage converter; The SCADA and EMS functional modules are used to obtain the electrical data of the multiple energy storage inverters, the electrical data of the switch devices, and the electrical data of the energy storage batteries, and generate the second control signal based on the electrical data of the multiple energy storage inverters, the electrical data of the switch devices, the electrical data of the grid connection point, and the electrical data of the energy storage batteries.

15. The power measurement and control device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The electrical data of the energy storage battery includes the current, voltage, charge and discharge power, charge and discharge state, battery temperature, battery remaining power, battery health status, battery cumulative charge power or battery cumulative discharge power of the energy storage battery; the electrical data of the grid connection point includes the current, voltage or power of the grid connection point; the electrical data of the energy storage inverter includes the rated voltage, rated current, rated power or configuration file of the energy storage inverter; The real-time communication data includes the charging and discharging power or charging and discharging status of the energy storage battery, the current, voltage or power of the grid connection point, and the non-real-time communication data includes the current, voltage, battery temperature, remaining battery power, battery health status, cumulative charging power of the battery or cumulative discharging power of the battery, the rated voltage, rated current, rated power or configuration file of the energy storage inverter.

16. The power measurement and control device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The power conversion device is a generator set, and the output ends of the multiple generator sets are also used to connect load equipment; The SCADA and EMS functional modules are used to obtain the electrical data of the multiple generator sets, the electrical data of the switch devices, and the electrical data of the load devices, and generate the second control signal based on the electrical data of the multiple generator sets, the electrical data of the switch devices, the electrical data of the grid connection point, and the electrical data of the load devices.

17. The power measurement and control device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The electrical data of the generator set includes the output current, output voltage, generated power, generated power status, available power or maximum power of the generator set; the electrical data of the load device includes the device status, current power, maximum power or minimum power of the load device; the electrical data of the grid connection point includes the current, voltage or power of the grid connection point; the electrical data of the generator set includes the rated voltage, rated current, rated power or configuration file of the generator set; The real-time communication data includes the power generation power or power generation status of the generator set, the equipment status or current power of the load equipment, and the current, voltage or power of the grid connection point; the non-real-time communication data includes the output current, output voltage, available power, maximum power or cumulative power generation of the generator set, the maximum power, minimum power or cumulative power usage of the load equipment, and the rated voltage, rated current, rated power or configuration file of the generator set.

18. A power measurement and control device, characterized in that: The power measurement and control device is applied to a power generation system, the power generation system includes a plurality of power conversion devices and a switch device, the switch device is used to control the on and off of the plurality of power conversion devices and the power grid, the output ends of the plurality of power conversion devices are used to connect the power grid through a grid connection point, the power measurement and control device includes a first chip, the first chip includes a plurality of cores and a bus, the plurality of cores include a SCADA function module, an EMS function module and a power measurement and control function module, wherein: The power measurement and control function module is used to obtain the electrical data of the grid connection point, and send a first control signal to the multiple power conversion devices and the switch device based on the electrical data of the grid connection point; The power measurement and control function module is also used to send the electrical data of the grid connection point to the SCADA function module through the bus; The SCADA function module is used to obtain the electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices and the electrical data of the switch device; The EMS function module is used to generate a second control signal based on the electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices, the electrical data of the switch device and the electrical data of the grid connection point obtained by the SCADA function module; the EMS function module is also used to send the second control signal to the power measurement and control function module through the bus, or the EMS function module is also used to send the electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices and the electrical data of the switch device to the power measurement and control function module through the bus; The power measurement and control functional module is also used to send a third control signal to the multiple power conversion devices and the switching device based on the electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices, the electrical data of the switching device or the second control signal received from the EMS functional module through the bus.

19. The power measurement and control device according to claim 18, characterized in that: The multi-core data transmission includes: real-time communication and non-real-time communication, and the data transmission frequency of the real-time communication is greater than the data transmission frequency of the non-real-time communication.

20. A power generation system, characterized in that: The power generation system includes a power measurement and control device, a switch device and a plurality of power conversion devices, wherein the switch device is used to control the on and off of the plurality of power conversion devices and the power grid, and the output ends of the plurality of power conversion devices are used to connect the power grid through a grid connection point, and the power measurement and control device includes a first chip and a second chip, wherein: The first chip includes a power measurement and control function module, the power measurement and control function module is used to obtain electrical data of the grid connection point, and send a first control signal to the multiple power conversion devices and the switch device based on the electrical data of the grid connection point; The first chip is also used to send the electrical data of the grid connection point to the second chip through the communication interface; The second chip includes a data acquisition function (SCADA, Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) and an energy management (EMS, Energy Management System) function module, and the SCADA and EMS function modules are used to obtain the electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices and the electrical data of the switch device, and generate a second control signal based on the electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices, the electrical data of the switch device and the electrical data of the grid connection point; the second chip is also used to send the second control signal to the first chip through the communication interface, or the second chip is also used to send the electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices and the electrical data of the switch device to the first chip through the communication interface; The power measurement and control function module is also used to send a third control signal to the multiple power conversion devices and the switching device based on the electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices, the electrical data of the switching device or the second control signal received by the second chip through the communication interface.

21. The power generation system according to claim 20, characterized in that: The power measurement and control device includes at least one control board, and the first chip and the second chip are installed on the same control board; or the first chip and the second chip are installed on different control boards.

22. The power measurement and control device according to claim 21, characterized in that: The control board is provided with a fault alarm output interface, and the power generation system further comprises a redundant device of the power measurement and control device, and the redundant device is provided with a signal input interface, wherein: The fault alarm output interface is used to output a first alarm signal to the redundant device when the power measurement and control device fails or loses power; The redundant device is used to send a first control signal to the multiple power conversion devices and the switching device based on the acquired electrical data of the grid-connected point when the signal input interface receives the first alarm signal, or send a third control signal to the multiple power conversion devices and the switching device based on the received second control signal; or send the second control signal based on the acquired electrical data of the multiple power conversion devices, the electrical data of the switching device and the electrical data of the grid-connected point.

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