Vacuum circuit breaker

Abstract

Provided in the present disclosure is a vacuum circuit breaker, comprising: a solid-insulation-embedded pole (200). The solid-insulation-embedded pole (200) comprises a static conductive assembly (210) and a dynamic conductive assembly (220), the dynamic conductive assembly (220) being configured to adjustably move towards the static conductive assembly (210) and come into contact with the static conductive assembly (210) thus realizing a closing action of the vacuum circuit breaker. The solid-insulation-embedded pole (200) further comprises an energy-absorption buffering mechanism, the energy-absorption buffering mechanism comprising a first movable member and a second movable member, wherein the first movable member is located on the side of the static conductive assembly (210) facing away from the dynamic conductive assembly (220), and the second movable member is located on the side of the static conductive assembly (210) facing away from the dynamic conductive assembly (220) and is movably connected to the static conductive assembly (210), the second movable member being movably connected to the first movable member; the energy-absorption buffering mechanism is used for absorbing impact energy generated when the static conductive assembly (210) comes into contact with the dynamic conductive assembly (220). By means of the above design, the present disclosure uses the design of movable connection between the first movable member and static conductive assembly (210) and the design of movable connection between the second movable member and first movable member to construct a buffering structure having two degrees of freedom, thus achieving a buffer function in the aforementioned two degrees of freedom.

Description

vacuum circuit breaker

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This disclosure claims priority based on Chinese application No. 202311140290.5 filed on September 5, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of electric control devices, and in particular to a vacuum circuit breaker. Background Art

[0004] In today's world, major changes unseen in a century are accelerating. Climate change and turbulent situations have brought severe challenges to the survival and development of all mankind. The global energy industry chain and supply chain have suffered severe impacts, international energy prices have fluctuated at a high level, the energy supply and demand landscape has undergone profound adjustments, and a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial revolution has been in-depth development. The safe, efficient, green and low-carbon transformation of energy and power systems and digital and intelligent technological innovation have become global development trends.

[0005] At present, the new power system that my country is comprehensively advocating and vigorously developing is based on the basic premise of ensuring energy and power security, the primary goal of meeting the power demand for high-quality economic and social development, the main task of building a high-proportion new energy supply and consumption system, the strong support of multi-directional coordination and flexible interaction of source, grid, load and storage, the hub platform of strong, intelligent and flexible power grid, and the basic guarantee of technological innovation and institutional mechanism innovation. This new era power system is an important component of the new energy system and a key carrier for achieving the "dual carbon" goal.

[0006] The core goal of building a new power system is clean and low-carbon. In the new power system, non-fossil energy power generation will gradually become the main body of installed capacity and electricity. Various clean energy sources such as nuclear, hydro, wind, light, and storage will develop synergistically and complementary. While the proportion of fossil energy power generation installed capacity and power generation will decline, under the guidance of new low-carbon, zero-carbon, and negative carbon technologies, the total carbon emissions of the power system will gradually reach the "dual carbon" target requirements.

[0007] The current application of new energy technologies in the power sector has promoted the development of renewable energy, maintaining a rapid growth trend in installed capacity and power generation from renewable energy. However, the future large-scale grid integration of wind and solar power will pose significant challenges to the current grid's operational safety, regulation capabilities, and power quality, highlighting prominent issues that urgently need to be addressed through technological development and innovation. In the new power system, renewable energy will gradually become the primary power source of the system by improving its reliable support capabilities. Large power sources, large grids, and distributed power systems will coexist, and multiple grid configurations will coexist. Furthermore, in the new power system, flexible generation technologies for different types of units, flexible energy storage technologies for different timescales and scales, and flexible AC and DC transmission technologies will be widely adopted, making the backbone grid more flexible and capable of supporting the integration of a high proportion of renewable energy into the system and external transmission and consumption.

[0008] Switchgear, including circuit breakers, is a critical component of power system control and protection. The new power system, while evolving from conventional systems, possesses fundamentally different characteristics. Equipment manufacturing has largely replaced resource-based systems, placing higher demands on transmission and consumption switchgear, necessitating more breakthrough technologies.

[0009] However, during the closing and opening processes of existing vacuum circuit breakers, the operating mechanism transmits motion and force to the dynamic conductive components of the main circuit. This creates collisions between the dynamic and static conductive components, transferring force and energy. This causes repeated oscillations of the dynamic and static conductive components during the closing process, manifesting electrically as a "springing" phenomenon in the closing and opening of the circuit, known as closing bounce or opening rebound. Specifically, the dynamic and static conductive components of existing vacuum circuit breaker structures use a rigid connection method. During the operation of the vacuum circuit breaker, there is a "rigid collision" phenomenon. Therefore, during the closing process, if the vibration mode happens to be within the natural frequency band, this "rigid collision" can easily produce "resonance", causing the vacuum circuit breaker's characteristic parameters to exceed the standard.

[0010] Summary of the Invention

[0011] A main purpose of the present disclosure is to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art and provide a vacuum circuit breaker that can alleviate the problem of characteristic parameter exceeding the standard caused by the collision caused by the closing action.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the present disclosure adopts the following technical solutions:

[0013] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a vacuum circuit breaker is provided, comprising a static conductive component and a dynamic conductive component, wherein the dynamic conductive component is configured to be adjustably moved toward the static conductive component and contact the static conductive component to achieve a closing action of the vacuum circuit breaker; wherein the sealed pole further comprises a buffer energy absorption mechanism, wherein the buffer energy absorption mechanism comprises a first movable member and a second movable member; the first movable member is located on a side of the static conductive component facing away from the dynamic conductive component; the second movable member is located on a side of the static conductive component facing away from the dynamic conductive component and is movably connected to the static conductive component, and the second movable member is movably connected to the first movable member; wherein the buffer energy absorption mechanism is used to absorb impact energy generated when the static conductive component contacts the dynamic conductive component.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein: the first movable part is provided with a through hole in the vertical direction; the buffer energy absorption mechanism further includes at least one buffer energy absorption component, and the buffer energy absorption component includes a limit sleeve, a connecting member, the second movable part and an elastic member; the limit sleeve is partially passed through the through hole, and the end of the limit sleeve facing away from the static conductive component extends out of the top opening of the through hole; the connecting member has a limit cap and a connecting rod, the outer diameter of the limit cap is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting rod, the connecting rod is partially passed through the limit sleeve, and the connecting rod One end of the rod facing away from the static conductive component extends out of the limit sleeve and is connected to the limit cap, and one end of the connecting rod facing the static conductive component extends out of the limit sleeve and is connected to the static conductive component; the second movable part is movably connected to the connecting rod and is located between the limit cap and the limit sleeve; the elastic part is connected between the second movable part and the top opening of the through hole; wherein, when the vacuum circuit breaker is not closed, the elastic part is in a compressed state, so that the second movable part abuts against the bottom of the limit cap and has a gap with the limit sleeve.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first movable member is a heat sink.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first movable part is a radiator, and a receiving groove is provided on the top surface of the radiator. The top opening of the through hole is located at the bottom of the receiving groove, and the portion of the buffer energy absorption component located on the side of the through hole facing away from the static conductive component is accommodated in the receiving groove and does not extend out of the radiator.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the cross-sectional area of ​​the through hole is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the accommodating groove, so that a portion of the bottom of the accommodating groove where no through hole is provided is formed with a step surface; wherein the elastic member is connected between the second movable member and the step surface.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat sink is made of a heat-conducting material; and / or an insulating layer is provided on the surface of the heat sink.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat sink has heat dissipation fins.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the second movable member is a gasket.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the second movable part is a gasket, which is sleeved on the connecting rod and located between the limiting cap and the limiting sleeve. The thickness of the gasket is smaller than the distance between the limiting cap and the limiting sleeve, so that the gasket can slide along the connecting rod between the limiting cap and the limiting sleeve.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the limiting sleeve and the connecting rod of the connecting member are an integral structure; or the limiting sleeve and the connecting member are two relatively independent components, and the limiting sleeve is arranged on the outer periphery of the connecting rod.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the buffer energy absorbing mechanism includes at least two buffer energy absorbing components, and the at least two buffer energy absorbing components are arranged at intervals.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the buffer energy absorption mechanism includes at least three buffer energy absorption components; wherein, taking the plane where the top surface of the static conductive component is located as the reference plane, on the reference plane, the orthographic projections of at least three of the buffer energy absorption components are respectively arranged at the end points of a regular polygon path, and the number of sides of the regular polygon is equal to the number of the buffer energy absorption components.

[0025] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the central axis of the static conductive component coincides with the central axis of the dynamic conductive component, and the geometric center of the polygonal path is located on the central axis.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the outer diameter of the connecting rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the limiting sleeve.

[0027] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the connecting member is a bolt, the nut of the bolt is the limiting cap, and the screw rod of the bolt is the connecting rod.

[0028] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the elastic member is a spring, which is wound around the outer circumference of the portion of the limiting sleeve extending out of the through hole. One end of the spring is connected to the second movable member, and the other end is connected to the top opening of the through hole.

[0029] From the above technical solutions, it can be seen that the advantages and positive effects of the vacuum circuit breaker proposed in this disclosure are:

[0030] The vacuum circuit breaker proposed in the present disclosure is provided with a buffer energy absorption mechanism on the static conductive component. The buffer energy absorption mechanism includes a first movable part and a second movable part. The first movable part is located on the side of the static conductive component facing away from the dynamic conductive component; the second movable part is located on the side of the static conductive component facing away from the dynamic conductive component and is movably connected to the static conductive component, and the second movable part is movably connected to the first movable part. Accordingly, the buffer energy absorption mechanism is used to absorb the impact energy generated when the static conductive component contacts the dynamic conductive component. Through the above design, the present disclosure utilizes the movable connection design of the first movable part and the static conductive component and the movable connection design of the second movable part and the first movable part to construct a buffer structure with two degrees of freedom, thereby realizing the buffering function in the above two degrees of freedom. When the vacuum circuit breaker is closed, the buffer energy absorption mechanism can perform multiple oscillation collisions and frictions in the above two degrees of freedom, thereby completely absorbing and consuming the surplus energy generated by the closing action and transmitted to the static conductive component, avoiding "resonance" and thus avoiding the problem of exceeding the characteristic parameters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] FIG1 is a schematic perspective structural diagram of a vacuum circuit breaker according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0032] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sealed pole shown in FIG1 ;

[0033] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of FIG2 from a top view;

[0034] FIG4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of the embedded pole shown in FIG2 in an unclosed state;

[0035] FIG5 is an enlarged schematic diagram of portion A in FIG4 ;

[0036] FIG6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of the embedded pole shown in FIG2 in a closed state;

[0037] FIG7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of portion B in FIG6 ;

[0038] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the travel displacement curve of the closing and opening movement components of the vacuum circuit breaker;

[0039] FIG9 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the elastic member;

[0040] FIG10 is a schematic diagram comparing the closing bounce time of the existing solution and the present disclosure;

[0041] FIG11 is a schematic diagram comparing the closing overshoot of the existing solution and the present disclosure;

[0042] FIG12 is a schematic diagram comparing the overshoot and rebound of the tripping operation between the prior art solution and the present invention.

[0043] The description of the accompanying drawings is as follows:

[0044] 100. Base;

[0045] 200. Sealed pole;

[0046] 210. Static conductive components;

[0047] 220. Dynamic conductive components;

[0048] 230.Interrupter;

[0049] 240. Bellows;

[0050] 250. Radiator;

[0051] 251.Through hole;

[0052] 252. Receiving tank;

[0053] 2521. Step surface;

[0054] 253. Radiating fins;

[0055] 261. Limit sleeve;

[0056] 262. Connectors;

[0057] 2621. Limit cap;

[0058] 2622. Connecting rod;

[0059] 263. Gasket;

[0060] 264. Elastic parts;

[0061] 300. Operation panel;

[0062] D1.Thickness;

[0063] D2. Spacing;

[0064] G. Gap;

[0065] L. Move up the spacing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. Like reference numerals in the figures represent like or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.

[0067] Referring to Figure 1, a representative perspective view of the vacuum circuit breaker disclosed herein is shown. In this exemplary embodiment, the vacuum circuit breaker disclosed herein is described using a medium-voltage circuit breaker as an example. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications, additions, substitutions, deletions, or other variations may be made to the following specific embodiments to apply the relevant designs of this disclosure to other types of circuit breaker equipment. These variations remain within the scope of the principles of the vacuum circuit breaker disclosed herein.

[0068] As shown in FIG1 , in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the vacuum circuit breaker proposed in the present disclosure includes a base 100, a sealed pole 200, and an operating panel 300. The sealed pole 200 is arranged on the base 100, and the number of the sealed poles 200 is not limited to three as shown in the figure. The operating panel 300 is arranged on the base 100 and is located on the side of the sealed pole 200. The sealed pole 200 includes a static conductive component 210, a dynamic conductive component 220, an arc extinguishing chamber 230, and a bellows 240. The static conductive component 210 and the dynamic conductive component 220 are partially located in the arc extinguishing chamber 230, and the bellows 240 is arranged at the lower end of the dynamic conductive component 220. The static conductive component 210 may include a static contact, a static conductive rod, and a static terminal structure. The dynamic conductive component 220 may include a dynamic contact, a dynamic conductive rod, and a dynamic terminal structure. With reference to Figures 2 to 7, Figure 2 is a representative schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the embedded pole 200; Figure 3 is a representative schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a portion of the structure of the embedded pole 200 from a top view; Figure 4 is a representative schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of the embedded pole 200 in an unclosed state; Figure 5 is a representative enlarged schematic diagram of portion A in Figure 4; Figure 6 is a representative schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of the embedded pole 200 in a closed state; and Figure 7 is a representative enlarged schematic diagram of portion B in Figure 6. The following will describe in detail the structure, connection method, and functional relationship of the main components of the vacuum circuit breaker proposed in the present disclosure in conjunction with the above-mentioned figures.

[0069] As shown in Figures 1 to 7, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the static conductive component 210 is arranged above the dynamic conductive component 220, and the dynamic conductive component 220 can be adjusted to move toward the static conductive component 210 and contact the static conductive component 210 to achieve the closing action of the vacuum circuit breaker. Among them, the sealed pole 200 also includes a buffer energy absorption mechanism, which includes a first movable part and a second movable part. The first movable part is located on the side of the static conductive component 210 that is away from the dynamic conductive component 220, that is, the first movable part has no direct connection with the static conductive component 210. The second movable part is located on the side of the static conductive component 210 that is away from the dynamic conductive component 220 and is movably connected to the static conductive component 210, and the second movable part is movably connected to the first movable part. On this basis, the buffer energy absorption mechanism can absorb the impact energy generated when the static conductive component 210 contacts the dynamic conductive component 220. Through the above design, the present disclosure utilizes the movable connection design between the first movable part and the static conductive component 210 and the movable connection design between the second movable part and the first movable part to construct a buffer structure with two degrees of freedom, thereby realizing the buffering function in the above two degrees of freedom. When the vacuum circuit breaker is closed, the buffer energy absorption mechanism can perform multiple oscillation collisions and frictions in the above two degrees of freedom, thereby completely absorbing and consuming the surplus energy generated by the closing action and transmitted to the static conductive component 210, avoiding "resonance" and thus avoiding the problem of exceeding the characteristic parameters. Furthermore, in order to solve the "resonance" problem, compared with the existing solution that adopts the correlation design of the various components of the vacuum circuit breaker itself based on complex formula calculations, the present disclosure directly utilizes the original heat dissipation structure and gasket on the basis of not affecting the original design parameters of the various components of the vacuum circuit breaker (such as the static conductive component 210, the dynamic conductive component 220, etc.), and changes its arrangement, introduces an elastomer to give it two degrees of freedom, that is, a "non-embedded" buffering energy absorption mechanism is used to realize a buffering function based on two degrees of freedom, that is, it does not change the original motion chain, nor does it change the insulation performance and heat dissipation performance of the original whole system, and further improves the buffering effect.

[0070] As shown in Figures 4 to 7, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first movable member is a heat sink 250, which is provided with a through hole 251 along the vertical direction. The buffering energy absorption mechanism further includes at least one buffering energy absorption component, each of which includes a limiting sleeve 261, a connecting member 262, the aforementioned second movable member, and an elastic member 264. Specifically, the limiting sleeve 261 is partially inserted into the through hole 251, and the upper end of the limiting sleeve 261 (i.e., the end of the limiting sleeve 261 facing away from the static conductive component 210) extends out of the top opening of the through hole 251. The connecting member 262 includes a limiting cap 2621 and a connecting rod 2622. The outer diameter of the limiting cap 2621 is larger than that of the connecting rod 2622. The connecting rod 2622 is partially inserted into the limiting sleeve 261. The upper end of the connecting rod 2622 (i.e., the end of the connecting rod 2622 facing away from the static conductive assembly 210) extends out of the limiting sleeve 261 and is connected to the limiting cap 2621. The lower end of the connecting rod 2622 (i.e., the end of the connecting rod 2622 facing the static conductive assembly 210) extends out of the limiting sleeve 261 and is connected to the static conductive assembly 210. The second movable member is a gasket 263, which is sleeved on the connecting rod 2622 and located between the limiting cap 2621 and the limiting sleeve 261. The thickness D1 of the gasket 263 is less than the distance D2 between the limiting cap 2621 and the limiting sleeve 261. The elastic member 264 is connected between the gasket 263 and the top opening of the through hole 251. On this basis, when the vacuum circuit breaker is not closed, the elastic member 264 is in a compressed state, so that the gasket 263 abuts against the bottom of the limiting cap 2621 and has a gap G with the limiting sleeve 261. Through the above design, the present disclosure adopts the heat sink 250 and the gasket 263 as the first movable member and the second movable member respectively, and adopts the limiting sleeve 261, the connecting member 262 and the elastic member 264 for sliding sleeve connection and elastic connection, thereby realizing the design of "the heat sink 250 is carried on the static conductive component 210, the gasket 263 is set on the top of the static conductive component 210 via the connecting member 262 and is movably connected to the static conductive component 210, and the gasket 263 is movably connected to the heat sink 250 via the elastic member 264".

[0071] Specifically, because the buffer energy absorbing assembly of the present disclosure utilizes an elastic member 264, the buffer energy absorbing assembly has a second degree of freedom, that is, the buffer energy absorbing assembly has two degrees of freedom, one of which exists between the heat sink 250 and the static conductive assembly 210, and the other between the gasket 263, the connector 262, and the limiting sleeve 261. Accordingly, in the initial state, that is, when the vacuum circuit breaker is not closed, the elastic member 264 is in a compressed state. Under the action of the pre-compression force F0, the elastic member 264 can maintain pressure on the heat sink 250, ensuring reliable contact between the heat sink 250 and the static conductive assembly 210. During the operation of the vacuum circuit breaker, taking the closing operation as an example: the operating mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker transmits motion and force to the dynamic conductive component 220, so that the dynamic conductive component 220 has a certain speed and moves toward the static conductive component 210 until the two are in contact. At the moment of collision, since the radiator 250 has no direct connection with the static conductive component 210, the radiator 250 will produce a slight upward movement (for example, the upward movement distance L of the radiator 250 relative to the static conductive component 210 shown in Figure 7) or it can be understood as an upward movement trend. During the contact process between the dynamic conductive component 220 and the static conductive component 210, the dynamic conductive component 220 and the static conductive component 210 "collide". Due to the use of a buffer energy absorption mechanism, the energy of the above collision will be transferred to the heat sink 250 and the buffer energy absorption mechanism through the static conductive component 210. The heat sink 250 obtains initial energy. Under the action of the elastic member 264, according to the amount of input energy, oscillation and collision will occur between the heat sink 250 and the static conductive component 210, between the gasket 263 and the connector 262, and between the gasket 263 and the limit sleeve 261. Finally, the excess energy is completely absorbed and consumed through several collisions and frictions. Since the buffer energy absorption mechanism of the present disclosure has two degrees of freedom, under the same excess energy, the excess energy can be exhausted in a shorter time through the simultaneous action of the two degrees of freedom. As shown in Figures 2 to 7, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the top surface of the heat sink 250 can be provided with a receiving groove 252. On this basis, the top opening of the through hole 251 can be located at the bottom of the receiving groove 252, and the portion of the buffer energy absorbing assembly located above the through hole 251 (i.e., the side of the through hole 251 facing away from the static conductive assembly) (e.g., the elastic member 264, the gasket 263, a portion of the limiting sleeve 261, the limiting cap 2621 of the connector 262, and a portion of the connecting rod 2622) is accommodated in the receiving groove 252 without extending beyond the heat sink 250. Through the above design, the present disclosure can utilize the receiving groove 252 to accommodate the above-mentioned structure of the buffer energy absorbing assembly, thereby preventing the buffer energy absorbing assembly from extending beyond the top of the overall structure of the sealed pole 200, further optimizing the structural integrity of the vacuum circuit breaker and reducing space occupancy.

[0072] As shown in Figures 5 and 7, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the cross-sectional area of ​​the through hole 251 can be smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the receiving groove 252, so that the portion of the bottom of the receiving groove 252 where the through hole 251 is not provided is formed with a stepped surface 2521. On this basis, the end of the elastic member 264 so-called "connected to the top opening of the through hole 251" can specifically be connected to the stepped surface 2521. Through the above design, the present disclosure can further facilitate the arrangement of the elastic member 264 and optimize the force applied to the elastic member 264. Accordingly, the elastic deformation of the elastic member 264 is utilized to store excess energy, and through repeated oscillation, the collision energy between the dynamic conductive component 220 and the static conductive component 210 is more fully absorbed and consumed.

[0073] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the material of the heat sink 250 can be a thermally conductive material, and the thermally conductive material can be, for example, but not limited to, a metal material. Accordingly, since the material of the heat sink 250 is a thermally conductive material and is in contact with the static conductive component 210, the present disclosure can increase the heat transfer between the static conductive component 210 and the heat sink 250, thereby utilizing the heat sink 250 to achieve heat dissipation, further improving the heat dissipation performance of the vacuum circuit breaker, and ensuring that the temperature rise performance of the vacuum circuit breaker during operation meets the product use requirements. In some embodiments, the thermally conductive material can also be other non-metallic materials, which can be thermally conductive materials with insulating properties. In this case, the heat sink 250 can provide heat dissipation and also ensure insulation performance.

[0074] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, an insulating layer may be provided on the surface of the heat sink 250. Accordingly, the present disclosure can further improve the insulation performance by utilizing the insulating layer.

[0075] As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat sink 250 may have heat dissipation fins 253 .

[0076] As shown in Figures 5 and 7, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the limiting sleeve 261 and the connecting member 262 can be two relatively independent components, that is, the limiting sleeve 261 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the connecting rod 2622. In some embodiments, the limiting sleeve 261 and the connecting rod 2622 can also be an integral structure, which is not limited to this embodiment.

[0077] As shown in Figures 4 to 7, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the buffering energy absorbing mechanism may include two buffering energy absorbing components, which are arranged at intervals. Through the above design, the present disclosure utilizes two buffering energy absorbing components to provide a more uniform buffering energy absorbing effect, optimize the stress state, and enhance the overall stability of the structure. In some embodiments, the buffering energy absorbing mechanism may also include only one buffering energy absorbing component, or include three or more buffering energy absorbing components arranged at intervals, and is not limited to this embodiment.

[0078] For example, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the buffer energy absorbing mechanism may include four buffer energy absorbing components, two of which can be observed in the cross-sectional structures shown in the above-mentioned figures. Specifically, taking the plane where the top surface of the static conductive component 210 is located as the reference plane, on this reference plane, the orthographic projections of the four buffer energy absorbing components are respectively arranged at the four end positions of a square path, that is, the four buffer energy absorbing components are respectively arranged at the end points of a regular polygon path whose number of sides is equal to the number of buffer energy absorbing components. Through the above design, the present disclosure can utilize multiple buffer energy absorbing components to make the buffer energy absorbing effect provided by the buffer energy absorbing mechanism more uniform, optimize the stress state, and enhance the overall stability of the structure. In some embodiments, the buffer energy absorbing mechanism may also include three, five or more buffer energy absorbing components, and the orthographic projections of these buffer energy absorbing components are respectively arranged at the end points of a regular polygon path, and the number of sides of the regular polygon is equal to the number of buffer energy absorbing components. Of course, the buffer energy absorbing mechanism may also include only one or two buffer energy absorbing components, and is not limited to this embodiment.

[0079] Based on the design of the buffering energy absorption mechanism comprising at least three buffering energy absorption components, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the central axis of the static conductive component 210 coincides with the central axis of the dynamic conductive component 220. The geometric center of the polygonal path formed by the at least three buffering energy absorption components can be located on this central axis. This design can ensure that the buffering energy absorption mechanism provides a more uniform buffering energy absorption effect, further optimize the stress state, and further enhance the overall stability of the structure.

[0080] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the outer diameter of the connecting rod 2622 can be smaller than the inner diameter of the limiting sleeve 261. This design further ensures that when the limiting sleeve 261 moves relative to the connecting rod 2622 along with the radiator 250, the frictional resistance between the limiting sleeve 261 and the connecting rod 2622 is low, or no frictional contact occurs. This helps the elastic member 264 more fully absorb collision energy, reduces wear, and prolongs its service life.

[0081] As shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 7 , in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the connecting member 262 may be a bolt, the nut of the bolt is the aforementioned limiting cap 2621 , and the screw rod of the bolt is the aforementioned connecting rod 2622 .

[0082] Based on the design of connector 262 as a bolt, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the screw can have a threaded section and a smooth section. The threaded section is the lower end of the screw and has threads on its outer periphery. The screw is threadedly connected to the static conductive component via the threaded section. The smooth section is unthreaded, and the screw is inserted through the stop sleeve 261 and gasket 263 via the smooth section. Through this design, the present disclosure further avoids the portion of the screw that passes through the stop sleeve 261 and gasket 263 from being threaded, thereby preventing damage to the components caused by friction between the threads and the stop sleeve 261 and gasket 263, further improving the service life.

[0083] As shown in Figures 4 to 7, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the elastic member 264 can be a spring, which is wound around the outer periphery of the portion of the limiting sleeve 261 extending out of the through hole 251, and one end of the spring is connected to the gasket 263, and the other end of the spring is connected to the top opening of the through hole 251 (for example, the above-mentioned step surface 2521). Through the above design, the present disclosure can utilize the spring to more fully absorb the collision energy. In some embodiments, when the buffer energy absorption component includes the elastic member 264, the elastic member 264 can also adopt other elastic structures, such as but not limited to springs, leaf springs, etc., and is not limited to this embodiment.

[0084] Based on the above detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, one of the theoretical foundations of the design concept of the present disclosure will be briefly introduced below.

[0085] First, in the design process of the vacuum circuit breaker described in the present disclosure, the design idea adopted is still limited to "using the correlation design of the various components of the vacuum circuit breaker itself based on complex formula calculations". Specifically, this existing idea includes: optimizing the design during the design stage of each component of the circuit breaker, such as optimizing the design of the contact spring pre-compression force and the closing spring force value of the operating mechanism, selecting appropriate contact materials and structural forms, changing the motion mass, etc. Among them, the above-mentioned design method includes analyzing multiple influencing factors such as "the initial pressure of the closing contact and the closing speed affecting the closing bounce", "the different closing phases affecting the closing bounce", and "other influencing factors". In order to analyze the above-mentioned factors, multiple complex mathematical models such as multi-physical field coupling are designed. In the process of engineering solution, one problem is often solved, and other secondary problems are introduced. Based on this, the engineering solution to "reducing the closing bounce time" is to carry out the correlation design for the functional components of the vacuum circuit breaker itself. This not only changes the original motion chain and dynamic design of the functional components of the vacuum circuit breaker itself, but also, in actual engineering applications, it is difficult to avoid solving the problem of "too long bounce time", thereby bringing about secondary new problems, such as changes in the closing and opening speeds and a reduction in the life of the circuit breaker.

[0086] In contrast, the present invention adopts a "non-embedded" design. Without affecting the original design parameters of the various components of the vacuum circuit breaker, it changes the fastening form of the original structure and introduces an "elastomer" to give the original fixed structure freedom without changing the original transmission chain and dynamic characteristics. During the collision of the moving and static contacts during closing, the excess energy can be absorbed through oscillation.

[0087] Specifically, the "non-embedded" energy buffering and absorption device disclosed herein is designed using modal analysis. Modes are the natural vibration characteristics of a structure, each with a specific natural frequency, damping ratio, and modal shape. Vibration modes are inherent, global characteristics of elastic structures. Modal analysis analyzes the characteristics of each major mode within a certain susceptible frequency range, determining the structure's actual vibration response within this frequency range under the influence of various external or internal vibration sources.

[0088] Any structure has its own vibration modes, which are summarized as follows:

[0089] A structural system theoretically has an infinite number of vibration modes, and the vibrations that contribute most to the structure are typically those at lower frequencies. A vibration mode consists of three important modal parameters: natural frequency, mode shape, and modal damping ratio. By modifying the system's modes—introducing elastic bodies, altering rigid-body modes and elastic modes—the response at specific frequencies can be altered.

[0090] The modal analysis process is as follows: Data Collection and Model Preparation: Collect data on the structure's geometry and material properties. Finite Element Model Creation: Discretize the structure into small elements, defining nodes, material properties, and boundary conditions. Stiffness and Mass Matrices: Based on the structure's geometry and material properties, calculate the stiffness and mass matrices for each element. Global Stiffness and Mass Matrices: Combine the element matrices into a global matrix based on node connectivity. Eigenvalue Problem Solving: Use numerical methods (iterative, Jacobi, or Lanczos methods) to solve the structure's eigenvalue problem. Eigenvalues ​​represent the structure's natural frequencies and mode shapes. Modal Parameter Calculation: Based on the solved eigenvalues, calculate the natural frequencies, periods, and mode shapes for each mode. Modal Analysis Results: Analyze the first several modes of the structure to understand its vibration characteristics. Identify the primary vibration modes. The overall modal of the circuit breaker can ultimately be transformed into a stationary and moving mass block. The closing process is the impact of the moving part on the stationary part, resulting in different vibration characteristics in different modes. Structural design optimization to improve the frequency or response of a specific mode.

[0091] As mentioned above, the present disclosure is based on the results of the above-mentioned modal analysis. Without changing the transmission chain, the corresponding influencing factors are analyzed according to the circuit breakers of different specifications. By introducing a buffer energy absorption mechanism, the overall static mass and stiffness are changed, and by introducing a degree of freedom, excess energy is absorbed, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the bounce time.

[0092] Based on the above detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and a brief introduction to the theoretical basis of the design concept of the present disclosure, the vibration characteristics of the vacuum circuit breaker proposed in the present disclosure and its comparison and differences with existing solutions will be briefly introduced below.

[0093] As shown in Figure 8, the travel displacement curve of the vacuum circuit breaker's moving assembly during closing and opening is L3, where Ua represents the closing and opening signals. L1, L2, and L3 represent the contact closing and opening signals for a three-phase AC circuit breaker, with rising edges indicating closing. The time difference between the point at which the contacts of any phase just close and Ua is called the closing time G or the opening time H. The time difference between the moment the contacts just close and the moment they are fully and stably closed for any phase is called the closing bounce time T. The difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​at the just-closed points of the three phases is called the closing or opening synchronization. The difference between the highest point B of the moving assembly during closing and the position E after stable closing, or "BE," is called the closing overshoot. The difference E between the position of the just-closed point and the final stable position during closing is called the contact overtravel, which represents the deformation of the contact spring and ensures that the moving and static contacts have sufficient holding force in the closed position.

[0094] As shown in Figure 9, the elastic element of the buffer energy absorption component is a spring, such as a standard helical compression spring, with a free length of A, a total number of turns of N1, and an effective number of turns of N2, respectively. The spring's outer diameter is B, and the spring wire diameter is d. The pre-compression force of the compression spring in the assembled position is F0. F0 is a key parameter for ensuring the energy conversion and absorption device. F0 and other spring parameters vary depending on the specifications of the circuit breaker. When the energy absorption and buffer device has a heat dissipation function, F0 is also an important parameter for ensuring reliable contact and heat dissipation between the heat sink and the static conductive component. Other spring parameters and stiffness have a significant impact on the modal stiffness matrix of the entire system. As shown in Figure 10, Figure 10 shows the closing bounce time (ms) of a conventional circuit breaker and the present invention. The three lines from top to bottom represent the closing signals of phases A, B, and C, respectively. As can be seen, the closing bounce time of the conventional circuit breaker is relatively long, even exceeding the tolerance (greater than 2ms). In contrast, the closing bounce phenomenon of the present invention is effectively eliminated.

[0095] As shown in Figure 11, Figure 11 shows the closing overshoot (mm) of the existing circuit breaker and the present invention. The three lines from top to bottom represent the closing signals of the three phases ABC, respectively. It can be seen that for the existing circuit breaker, the closing overshoot of the product is relatively large, even out of tolerance (greater than 2mm). In contrast, the closing overshoot phenomenon is effectively eliminated in the present invention.

[0096] As shown in Figure 12, Figure 12 shows the overshoot and rebound (mm) of the opening of the conventional circuit breaker and the present invention. It can be seen that compared with the conventional circuit breaker, the amplitude of the opening rebound of the present invention is greatly reduced.

[0097] It should be noted that the vacuum circuit breakers shown in the drawings and described in this specification are only a few examples of the many types of vacuum circuit breakers that can employ the principles of the present disclosure. It should be clearly understood that the principles of the present disclosure are in no way limited to any details of the vacuum circuit breakers shown in the drawings or described in this specification, or to any components of the vacuum circuit breakers.

[0098] In summary, the vacuum circuit breaker proposed in the present disclosure is provided with a buffer energy absorption mechanism on the static conductive assembly. The buffer energy absorption mechanism includes a first movable member and a second movable member. The first movable member is located on the side of the static conductive assembly 210 facing away from the dynamic conductive assembly 220; the second movable member is located on the side of the static conductive assembly 210 facing away from the dynamic conductive assembly 220 and is movably connected to the static conductive assembly 210. The second movable member is movably connected to the first movable member. Accordingly, the buffer energy absorption mechanism is used to absorb the impact energy generated when the static conductive assembly 210 and the dynamic conductive assembly 220 come into contact. Through the above design, the present disclosure utilizes the movable connection design between the first movable member and the static conductive assembly 210 and the movable connection design between the second movable member and the first movable member to construct a buffer structure with two degrees of freedom. This structure can achieve a buffering function in these two degrees of freedom. When the vacuum circuit breaker is closed, the buffer energy absorption mechanism can undergo multiple oscillations, collisions, and friction in these two degrees of freedom, thereby completely absorbing and consuming the excess energy generated by the closing action and transmitted to the static conductive assembly, avoiding "resonance" and thus preventing the problem of excessive characteristic parameters.

[0099] While the present disclosure has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that the terms used are illustrative and exemplary rather than restrictive. Since the present disclosure can be embodied in many forms without departing from the spirit or substance of the disclosure, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited to any of the foregoing details, but should be interpreted broadly within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Therefore, all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the claims or their equivalents are intended to be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A vacuum circuit breaker, comprising a sealed pole, wherein the sealed pole comprises a static conductive component and a dynamic conductive component, wherein the dynamic conductive component is configured to adjustably move toward the static conductive component and contact the static conductive component to achieve a closing action of the vacuum circuit breaker; characterized in that: The sealed pole further includes a buffer energy absorption mechanism, and the buffer energy absorption mechanism includes: A first movable member is located on a side of the static conductive component facing away from the dynamic conductive component; and a second movable member, located at a side of the static conductive component facing away from the dynamic conductive component and movably connected to the static conductive component, and the second movable member is movably connected to the first movable member; Wherein, the buffer energy absorption mechanism is used to absorb the impact energy generated when the static conductive component contacts the dynamic conductive component.

2. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first movable member is provided with a through hole along the vertical direction; The buffering energy absorbing mechanism further comprises at least one buffering energy absorbing component, and the buffering energy absorbing component comprises a limiting sleeve, a connecting member, the second movable member and an elastic member; The limiting sleeve is partially inserted into the through hole, and one end of the limiting sleeve facing away from the static conductive component extends out of the top opening of the through hole; The connecting piece comprises a limiting cap and a connecting rod, the outer diameter of the limiting cap is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting rod, the connecting rod is partially inserted into the limiting sleeve, one end of the connecting rod facing away from the static conductive component extends out of the limiting sleeve and is connected to the limiting cap, and one end of the connecting rod facing the static conductive component extends out of the limiting sleeve and is connected to the static conductive component; The second movable member is movably connected to the connecting rod and is located between the limiting cap and the limiting sleeve; The elastic member is connected between the second movable member and the top opening of the through hole; Wherein, when the vacuum circuit breaker is not closed, the elastic member is in a compressed state, so that the second movable member abuts against the bottom of the limiting cap and has a gap with the limiting sleeve.

3. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first movable part is a heat sink.

4. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first movable part is a heat sink, a top surface of which is provided with a receiving groove, a top opening of the through hole is located at the bottom of the receiving groove, and a portion of the buffer energy absorption component located on the side of the through hole facing away from the static conductive component is received in the receiving groove and does not extend out of the heat sink.

5. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the through hole is smaller than that of the accommodating groove, so that a portion of the bottom of the accommodating groove where no through hole is provided forms a step surface; wherein the elastic member is connected between the second movable member and the step surface.

6. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat sink is made of heat-conducting material; and / or An insulating layer is provided on the surface of the radiator.

7. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat sink has heat dissipation fins.

8. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The second movable member is a gasket.

9. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second movable part is a gasket, which is sleeved on the connecting rod and located between the limiting cap and the limiting sleeve. The thickness of the gasket is smaller than the distance between the limiting cap and the limiting sleeve, so that the gasket can slide along the connecting rod between the limiting cap and the limiting sleeve.

10. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting sleeve and the connecting rod of the connecting member are an integral structure; or The limiting sleeve and the connecting piece are two relatively independent components, and the limiting sleeve is arranged on the outer periphery of the connecting rod.

11. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buffering energy absorbing mechanism comprises at least two buffering energy absorbing components, and the at least two buffering energy absorbing components are arranged at intervals.

12. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 11, characterized in that: The buffering energy absorbing mechanism comprises at least three buffering energy absorbing components; wherein, the plane where the top surface of the static conductive component is located is taken as a reference plane, and on the reference plane, the orthographic projections of at least three buffering energy absorbing components are respectively arranged at the end points of a regular polygon path, and the number of sides of the regular polygon is equal to the number of the buffering energy absorbing components.

13. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 12, characterized in that: The central axis of the static conductive component coincides with the central axis of the dynamic conductive component, and the geometric center of the polygonal path is located on the central axis.

14. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the connecting rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the limiting sleeve.

15. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting piece is a bolt, the nut of the bolt is the limiting cap, and the screw rod of the bolt is the connecting rod.

16. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic member is a spring, which is wound around the outer circumference of the portion of the limiting sleeve extending out of the through hole. One end of the spring is connected to the second movable member, and the other end is connected to the top opening of the through hole.

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