Procedure design for wireless sensing in integrated sensing and communications system
The patent addresses the challenges of wireless sensing in integrated sensing and communication systems by introducing adaptive sensing procedures and resource allocation methods, resulting in improved sensing performance and reduced complexity in B5G/6G systems.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2023/118345
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-09-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-20
AI Technical Summary
Current integrated sensing and communication systems face challenges in designing efficient procedures for wireless sensing, particularly in configuring sensing signals, scheduling, resource allocation, and beam management to support long-range radar sensing in B5G/6G systems.
The proposal involves two sensing procedures (single-stage and multiple-stage) that adaptively adjust Tx configurations and Rx operations based on changing sensing requirements and channel conditions. Additionally, four types of sensing RS resource allocation are introduced, along with 'baseline' and 'low-cost' beam management procedures to reduce resource usage and complexity.
This approach enables effective sensing and communication systems by optimizing sensing resource allocation, reducing computational complexity, and improving sensing performance across various use cases and channel conditions.
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Figure CN2023118345_20032025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
PROCEDURE DESIGN FOR WIRELESS SENSING IN INTEGRATED SENSING AND COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) , and particularly relates to reference signal design and processing schemes for long-range radar sensing in an ISAC system.BACKGROUND
[0002] The background description provided herein is for the purpose of generally presenting the context of the disclosure. Work of the presently named inventors, to the extent the work is described in this background section, as well as aspects of the description that may not otherwise qualify as prior art at the time of filing, are neither expressly nor impliedly admitted as prior art against the present disclosure.
[0003] The B5G / 6G system is envisioned to achieve radar sensing. We need to design a procedure about sensing signal configuration, scheduling, sensing resource allocation and beam management in order to enable B5G / 6G or further communication system to support sensing service.SUMMARY
[0004] Two kinds of sensing procedure (single-stage sensing and multiple-stage sensing) are proposed for different sensing use cases.
[0005] During the sensing service, Tx configurations and Rx operations shall be adaptively adjusted with the changing of sensing requirement and channel condition.
[0006] Sensing RS can be TDM or FDM with communication signal; besides, sensing RS for different sensing stage can also be TDM or FDM. Four typical types of sensing RS resource allocation are summarized.
[0007] We propose ‘baseline BM procedure’ for general sensing BM operation, and ‘low-cost BM procedure’ for sensing BM operations which can reduce sensing resource usage and computational complexity.
[0008] For baseline BM procedure, Rx side shall make Rx beam sweeping for each Tx beam, and do sensing operation simultaneously. After that, sensing results on all BPLs will be integrated, and target related information is determined.
[0009] We propose three low-cost BM procedures, which include procedure for fixed location and orientation, staged procedure and procedure with RSRP-based BM.
[0010] We design a strategy of BM procedure decision to select procedure considering both sensing performance and requirement and sensing resource usage and complexity.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] Various embodiments of this disclosure that are proposed as examples will be described in detail with reference to the following figures, wherein like numerals reference like elements, and wherein:
[0012] Fig. 1 shows two typical sensing scenarios of the integrated sensing and communication system according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
[0013] Fig. 2 shows flowchart of single-stage and multiple-stage sensing procedure.
[0014] Fig. 3 shows flowchart of multiple-stage sensing procedure.
[0015] Fig. 4 shows an example of sensing RS resource allocation of TDM type.
[0016] Fig. 5 shows an example of sensing RS resource allocation of FDM type.
[0017] Fig. 6 shows an example of sensing RS resource allocation of TDM and FDM type.
[0018] Fig. 7 shows an example of sensing RS resource allocation of sub6G and mmW.
[0019] Fig. 8 shows an example of baseline BM procedure for single-stage sensing.
[0020] Fig. 9 shows an example of baseline BM procedure for multi-stage sensing.
[0021] Fig. 10 summarizes more options of Tx beam and Rx beam settings of stage 2 in the example of Fig. 9.
[0022] Fig. 11 shows an example of Tx beam and Rx beam corresponding relationship for fixed location and orientation.
[0023] Fig. 12 is the flowchart of using staged procedure to reduce resource usage and complexity.
[0024] Fig. 13 is the flowchart of procedure with RSRP-based BM.
[0025] Fig. 14 shows examples of sensing procedure with RSRP-based BM.
[0026] Fig. 15 shows an example of BPLs for sensing target, LoS and interference clutter.
[0027] Fig. 16 shows an example of RSRP-based BM operation P1.
[0028] Fig. 17 shows an example of RSRP-based BM operation P2.
[0029] Fig. 18 shows an example of RSRP-based BM operation P3.
[0030] Fig. 19 shows an example of procedure with RSRP-based BM operation: BM (P1) + baseline procedure (1-stage) .
[0031] Fig. 20 shows an example of procedure with RSRP-based BM operation: BM (P1) + baseline procedure (2-stage-step1) + baseline procedure (2-stage-step2) .
[0032] Fig. 21 shows an example of procedure with RSRP-based BM operation: BM (P1) + baseline procedure (2-stage-step1) +BM (P2) +BM (P3) + baseline procedure (2-stage-step2) .
[0033] Fig. 22 shows an example of procedure with RSRP-based BM operation: baseline procedure (2-stage-step1) +BM (P2) +BM (P3) + baseline procedure (2-stage-step2) .
[0034] Fig. 23 shows an example of procedure with RSRP-based BM operation: BM (P1) + baseline procedure (2-stage-step2) (Known target location) .
[0035] Fig. 24 shows an example of procedure with RSRP-based BM operation: BM (P1) +BM(P2) +BM (P3) + baseline procedure (2-stage-step2) (Known target location) .
[0036] Fig. 25 shows an exemplary block diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0037] Sensing use cases can be classified as the following four kinds of scenarios. (1) Periodically detect targets within specified range for a long time, and estimate related information of targets simultaneously. For example, intrusion detection, UAV / car / pedestrian monitor and counting. (2) Given the approximate location of target, periodically estimate related information of target for a long time. For example, respiration detection. (3) Detect targets through a large range scanning, and then track the targets, and / or make high precision estimation. For example, target detection and tracking, high precision estimation (range / velocity / angle) . (4) Given the approximate location of target, make high precision estimation for a long or short time. For example, gesture recognition.
[0038] The four kinds of scenarios can map to two kinds of sensing procedure: single-stage sensing and multiple-stage sensing. (1) single-stage (A, B) : need one kind of sensing operation for sensing service, and one stage corresponds to the sensing operation. Also support link adaptation (Tx configurations and Rx operations are adjusted with the change of sensing requirement and channel condition) . E. g., periodic target detection or monitoring. (2) multiple-stage (C, D) : need multiple kinds of sensing operation for sensing service, and multiple stages corresponds to these operations. Tx configurations and Rx operations change for different stage. E. g., periodic target detection or monitoring and aperiodic target refining or tracking.
[0039] For example, the sensing purpose may change from target detection to target tracking or target refining. And it can use exhaustive beam sweeping for target detection in the first stage to cover the whole sensing area, and can use fewer beams in the second stage based on the sensing results (e.g., the rough sensing target location) of the first stage, which benefit resource and complexity reduction. Another example is on link adaptation. When channel condition change, sensing RS shall be reconfigured (e.g., RS pattern, BW, Tx beam number or direction, etc. ) to ensure sensing quality.
[0040] During the progress of sensing service, sensing requirements and channel condition may be changed. Sensing requirements and channel conditions include sensing service type, sensing performance requirements, channel condition, sensing resource constrain, transceiver complexity constrain, etc. Tx configuration of sensing RS shall be changed following the change of requirement and conditions. Corresponding to the change of Tx configurations, Rx operations shall also be changed.
[0041] Tx configurations changes include:
[0042] - Sensing RS pattern (time and frequency domain pattern, sequence)
[0043] - Symbol number and interval (within CPI)
[0044] - RS period
[0045] - SCS
[0046] - BW
[0047] - Power per RE
[0048] - Tx beam width, Tx beam number, Tx beam direction
[0049] Rx operations changes include:
[0050] - Sensing algo corresponding to different Tx configurations
[0051] - Rx beam width, Rx beam number, Rx beam direction
[0052] Note: in current stage, RS configuration changing because of link adaptation is by RRC reconfiguration or by activating / indicating new RS (through RRC / MAC-CE / DCI) . In the future, we can consider the method of directly adjusting the RS configurations through DCI (like PDCCH indicates the configuration of PDSCH) .
[0053] Fig. 1 shows two examples of sensing RS configuration and reconfiguration, activation and de-activation procedure for single-stage and multiple-stage sensing respectively. In the very beginning, all sensing RS are configured, including periodic (P) , semi-persistent (SP) and aperiodic (AP) sensing RS.During the ongoing of sensing service, the RRC may reconfigure the sensing RS (e.g., RS#1’ ) for link adaptation. Also, P / SP / AO sensing RS (e.g., RS#2) can be activated or indicated by RRC, MAC-CE or DCI for new sensing purpose.
[0054] The flowchart of single-stage and multiple-stage sensing procedure are illustrated in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
[0055] About sensing RS resource allocation, Sensing RS can be TDM or FDM with communication signal; besides, sensing RS for different sensing stage (e.g., multiple-stage) can also be TDM or FDM.
[0056] Several typical types of sensing RS resource allocation are illustrated here. We assume periodic sensing RS for single-stage sensing and step 1 of multiple-stage sensing, aperiodic sensing RS for other steps of multiple-stage sensing in the following examples. But the resource allocation types are compatible with all P / SP / AP RS.
[0057] · Type 1: TDM (fig. 4)
[0058] – sensing RS is TDM with communication signal; sensing RS for different sensing stage is TDM.
[0059] · Type 2: FDM (fig. 5)
[0060] – sensing RS is FDM with communication signal; sensing RS is allocated on multiple carriers for multi-CC sensing
[0061] – Note: BM operation on comm. carrier and sensing carrier may be different, so two carriers need to do BM separately
[0062] · Type 3: TDM+FDM (fig. 6)
[0063] – sensing RS is TDM and FDM with communication signal; sensing RS is allocated on multiple carriers for multi-CC sensing
[0064] · Type 4: sub6G+mmW (fig. 7)
[0065] – sensing RS of step1 is TDM with communication signal on sub6G; sensing RS of step2 is on mmW
[0066] As for sensing, beam management can not only bring in Tx and Rx beamforming gain, but also scan target within 3D region of sensing area through Tx and Rx beam sweeping. We propose ‘baseline BM procedure’ for general sensing BM operation, and ‘low-cost BM procedure’ for sensing BM operations which can reduce sensing resource usage and computational complexity. And we also provide a strategy to decide the BM procedure based on sensing use cases, channel condition and other factors.
[0067] Sensing RS shall be configured with one or multiple Tx beams to cover the whole sensing area. Tx beam number, beamwidth and beam direction depend on frequency band (e.g., sub6G, mmW) , sensing area, required beamforming gain, etc.
[0068] During the sensing procedure, if without prior information (e.g., the corresponding relationship of Tx beam and Rx beam) , Rx side shall make Rx beam sweeping (that it, try all possible Rx beams) for each Tx beam, and do sensing operation (e.g., 2D-FFT, MUSIC and other sensing algorithm) simultaneously. That is, sensing operation is done on all possible beam-pair-links (BPLs) . After that, sensing results on all BPLs will be integrated, and target related information is determined.
[0069] Rx beam number, beamwidth and beam direction depend on frequency band (e.g., sub6G, mmW) , required beamforming gain, sensing accuracy requirement, Rx device capability, etc.
[0070] Regarding as the prior information, it refers to the corresponding relationship of Tx beam and Rx beam. For example, if the location and orientation of Tx and Rx transceiver is fixed (e.g., mono-static sensing, or bi-static sensing of two Base stations) , Rx side has opportunity to confirm the specific Rx beams for each Tx beam in advance, while not trying all possible Rx beams. The detail sensing operation for the scenario which having the prior information is summarized in low-cost BM procedure.
[0071] Fig. 8 is an example of baseline BM procedure for single-stage sensing. Sensing service is based on the periodic sensing RS, which has 4 Tx beams and 4 symbols for each Tx beam. In Rx side, 4 Rx beams (beam-book based) are used for each Tx beam. That is, there are total 16 possible BPLs. When sensing service is triggered, sensing operation (e.g., 2D-FFT) is done on all 16 BPLs. And 16 sensing results are integrated to get the target information based on certain integration algorithm.
[0072] Another example is a baseline procedure of multiple-stage sensing. In Fig. 9, stage 1 is based on periodic sensing RS#1. BM and sensing operation are the same as single-stage sensing of Fig. 8. Stage 2 is based on aperiodic sensing RS#2, which has 3 fine Tx beams and has QCL relationship with BM RS#1 (e.g., Tx beam#1 of RS#1) . In Rx sides, one coarse Rx beam is used, which corresponds to Tx beam#1 based on the result of stage 1 operation. So, in stage 2, sensing operation (e.g., 2D-FFT) is done on 3 BPLs (3 fine Tx beams *1 coarse Rx beam) .
[0073] As the above example, for multiple-stage sensing, beam number / beamwidth / beam direction of Tx beams and Rx beams may be different for different stages. It is because we can use BM result in previous stage to help decide the Tx beam configurations and Rx beam settings of next stage. Sensing RS of step n (n>1) can have QCL relationship with sensing RS of previous stages (e.g., n-1, n-2, etc. ) . Rx beams used in step n is decided based on the BM result of previous stages (e.g., n-1, n-2, etc. ) .
[0074] Table 1 summarizes more options of Tx beam and Rx beam settings of stage 2 in the example of Fig. 9. And Fig. 10 illustrates these options. Without loss of generality, the options in table 1 can be used in other stages (stage n, n>2) .
[0075] Table. 1
[0076] Baseline BM procedure can provide good sensing performance, but needs large RS resource and high computational complexity to try all possible BPLs.
[0077] The first low-cost procedure is procedure for fixed location and orientation. If location or orientation of Tx and Rx nodes is not fixed (e.g., UE’s location and orientation are variable) , we have to try all possible BPLs to cover the whole sensing area, in order to avoid missing targets. But if location and orientation of Tx and Rx node are fixed (e.g., base station based bi-static sensing, mono-static sensing) , we can know the spatial relationship of Tx beam and Rx beam in advance. Rx side doesn’t need to try all Rx beams for each Tx beam. In the left figure of Fig. 11, Rx beam#0~2 corresponds to Tx beam#0~2 respectively since they have the same beam direction and beamwidth. Rx side doesn’ t need to try Rx beam#1 and #2 for Tx beam#0 since their directions are different. In the right figure, Rx side will use Rx beam#0 for Tx beam#0 and #1, and use Rx beam#1 for Tx beam#2 and #3, since Tx beam and Rx beam beamwidth are different. So for this scenario, Tx beam and Rx beam don’ t have to be one-to-one correspondence. It can be one Tx beam corresponding to multiple Rx beams, or one Rx beam corresponding to multiple Tx beams. But we have to ensure the paired Tx beams and Rx beams are spatial corresponding.
[0078] This method needs to pre-define Tx beams and Rx beams’ direction and order, and inform Tx node and Rx node respectively. Tx node can send signaling to inform Rx node each Tx beam’a ngle (ToD, ToA) and beamwidth. Rx node uses the information to set the corresponding Rx beam.
[0079] Another low-cost procedure is staged procedure. We can use the multiple-stage sensing procedure to reduce RS resource usage and complexity. In stage 1, coarse Tx beams and coarse Rx beams are used to get rough target information. In stage 2, we can use fewer coarse Tx beams and coarse Rx beams for target tracking, or use fewer fine Tx and Rx beams for target refining, based on the result of stage 1 (e.g., rough target location information) . Since stage 1 is based on coarse beam (beamwidth is big) , Tx and Rx beam number is fewer; Since stage 2 is based on the rough target information of stage 1, Tx and Rx beam number is also fewer. In this way, RS resource and complexity can be reduced.
[0080] In this way, resource and complexity can be reduced, compared with directly using many Tx and Rx beam sweeping in single-stage sensing. Fig. 12 is the flowchart of using staged procedure to reduce resource usage and complexity.
[0081] Another low-cost solution is to insert RSRP-based BM operations to the baseline procedure, or replace some stage of baseline procedure. RSRP-based BM operations use L1-RSRP / SNR or target-related-SNR (sensing SNR, definition of sensing SNR is TBD) to try all possible BPLs which cover the whole sensing area. The operations are similar as BM operations of communication (e.g., P1, P2, P3) . It can find candidate BPLs which cover sensing targets. Based on the candidate BPLs, the following baseline procedure can reduce RS usage and complexity (configuring fewer Tx beams, and knowing corresponding Rx beam for each Tx beam) . Since the calculation of RSRP / SNR only needs fewer symbols (e.g., 1 symbol) , this operation will not take many RS resource. Besides, the complexity of calculation of RSRP / SNR is lower than that of sensing operation (e.g., 2D-FFT) .
[0082] RSRP-based BM is based on BM RS which may be different with sensing RS, since it doesn’t need multiple symbols for coherent processing. We don’t exclude the case of sensing RS and BM RS sharing the same RS, although it is not the most efficient way.
[0083] Sensing BM RS can be shared with communication BM RS, since their operations are quite similar. But it can also be specially configured as an individual RS.
[0084] Similar as communication, RSRP-based BM operations include P1, P2 and P3 for different purpose. For example, P1 try all Tx and Rx BPLs to find the best BPLs; P2 fix Rx beam to search the best Tx beams; P3 fix Tx beam to search the best Rx beams. There are still some differences with communication. For some sensing modes (e.g., mono-static sensing, base station based bi-static sensing) , there aren’t BM RS scheduling and BM results reporting procedure like BS and UE. But the concept of whole procedure is the same as communication b / w BS and UE.
[0085] Fig. 13 is the flowchart of procedure with RSRP-based BM. BM stage sweeps all possible Tx and Rx BPLs and obtains the candidate BPLs (which may cover targets, e.g., sensing SNR>threshold, or all BPLs) based on L1-RSRP / SNR or sensing SNR. Rx node informs the BPLs to Tx node, and maintain these BPLs in Rx node locally. Next, Tx node configures sensing RS based on the candidate BPLs, and Rx node uses corresponding Rx beams based on locally buffered BPLs information of BM stage. Sensing RS shall have QCL relationship with BM RS (some of Tx beams) which are used in the BM stage.
[0086] Fig. 14 illustrates the above procedure and lists the possible Tx beam configurations and Rx beam settings of BM stage and sensing stage.
[0087] In RSRP-based BM stage,
[0088] · BM operation is based on sensing BM RS, for example, P1 / P2 / P3 procedure in communication BM.
[0089] · Obtain candidate Tx-Rx BPLs (which may cover targets, e.g., sensing SNR>threshold, or all BPLs) based on L1-RSRP / SNR or target-related-SNR (sensing SNR) .
[0090] · Rx node informs Tx node the candidate BPLs, and locally maintain the candidate BPLs.
[0091] In sensing stage (baseline procedure) ,
[0092] · Tx side configures sensing RS based on the result of BM stage. Sensing RS may be configured with fewer Tx beams, or finer Tx beams (within the scope of candidate coarse Tx beams obtained in BM stage) . Sensing RS has QCL relationship with BM RS.
[0093] · Rx node makes sensing operation on the configured sensing RS, based on the locally buffered Rx beams (or finer Rx beams) .
[0094] Using RSRP / SNR to select the candidate BPLs may have the possibility of missing sensing target. For example, in Fig. 15, assume LOS and interference clutter are very strong. The strongest 2 BPLs are: (Tx beam1, Rx beam1) , (Tx beam2, Rx beam3) . But the best BPLs for target sensing are: (Tx beam1, Rx beam2) , (Tx beam2, Rx beam2) . It is because RSRP / SNR cannot directly indicate the strength of target, especially when LOS and interference clutter are very strong. It will lead to false target (because of strong interference clutter) or missing target (BPL is not optimal and small beamforming gain for sensing) .
[0095] But if using target-related-SNR (sensing SNR) , it can release this issue, since target-related-SNR has removed the impact of LoS and interference clutter. But calculating sensing SNR with fewer RS symbols and low complexity algorithm (like L1-RSRP calculation in comm. BM procedure) is not easy.
[0096] Here we give examples to show how RSRP-based BM operations are inserted into baseline procedure, or replace some operations of baseline procedure. We use P1 / P2 / P3 as RSRP-based BM operations. But as mentioned before, we just borrow the concept, and the detail operations don’ t have to be identical with P1 / P2 / P3.
[0097] · Examples of procedure with RSRP-based BM operations
[0098] – BM (P1) + baseline procedure (1-stage)
[0099] – BM (P1) + baseline procedure (2-stage-step1) + baseline procedure (2-stage-step2)
[0100] – BM (P1) + baseline procedure (2-stage-step1) + BM (P2) +BM (P3) + baseline procedure (2-stage-step2)
[0101] – baseline procedure (2-stage-step1) + BM (P2) + BM (P3) + baseline procedure (2-stage-step2)
[0102] – BM (P1) + baseline procedure (2-stage-step2)
[0103] – BM (P1) + BM (P2) + BM (P3) + baseline procedure (2-stage-step2)
[0104] Fig. 16~18 are examples of RSRP-based BM operations (P1, P2, P3) .
[0105] Fig. 19~24 illustrate all examples of procedure with RSRP-based BM operations.
[0106] Here we design a strategy to decide the BM procedure based on sensing use cases, channel condition and other conditions. For details, the conditions at least include sensing mode (mono-static, bi-static) , sensing node (fixed location / orientation or not) , target strong or weak, sensing use cases requirements (periodic / aperiodic, accuracy, resolution, etc. ) .
[0107] Take mono-static sensing as an example, since Tx beam and Rx beam direction is the same, number of possible BPLs are smaller than bi-static. The required RS resource and computational complexity are smaller than bi-static. So baseline procedure is more suitable for mono-static sensing. But low-cost procedure (e.g., staged procedure) is also possible to be applied, especially when Tx beam number is large.
[0108] For bi-static sensing, if Tx node and Rx node location and orientation is fixed (e.g., BS based bi-static sensing) , we can pre-define the Tx beams and Rx beams sweeping direction and order, and don’t need to try all possible BPLs. That is, we can apply the procedure for fixed location and orientation in this scenario. If Tx and Rx node location and orientation is not fixed, we will determine the procedure considering other conditions.
[0109] The strategy of BM procedure decision can be summarized as below.
[0110] · Step 1: collect all related conditions (summarized in Table. 2) which may impact the selection of sensing procedure.
[0111] · Step 2: define procedure selection rule (e.g., performance first, cost / complexity first, or performance and cost / complexity tradeoff)
[0112] · Step 3: based on the rule, determine the procedure. The procedure includes,
[0113] – Baseline procedure
[0114] – Procedure for fixed location and orientation
[0115] – Staged procedure
[0116] – Procedure with RSRP-based BM
[0117] Table 3 gives some examples of procedure selection for some typical scenarios. The selection is based on the rule of performance first.
[0118] Table. 2
[0119] Table. 3
[0120] Corresponding to the proposed sensing procedure, we need to design new BM related RRC configuration and MAC-CE / DCI activation / indication signaling. Sensing signal, which is used for sensing operation, usually is sensing reference signal (sensing RS) . For example, sensing RS is TDMed with communication signal. Sensing RS can be cell specific signal (e.g., SSB, TRS in communication, or RS which is specific designed for sensing) , or UE specific signal (e.g., new CSI-RS for sensing) . NW needs to indicate ‘sensing signal’ (sensing RS) to UE, and informs UE do related sensing operations.
[0121] Regarding with BM related capability report, in communication, Nfactor=8 is defined, it is fixed value and implies the number of UE Rx beams (coarse Rx beam) . Sensing shall have the similar parameter to indicate number of coarse Rx beams used for sensing. It can a fixed value which is pre-defined in spec, or it can be configure through RRC. Besides, since sensing area may be changed for different use cases or different sensing stages, this value can be reconfigured to different values. Besides, communication BM will report capability of number of fine Rx beam to inform gNB how many resources are allocated for P3. For sensing, it shall report the similar capability to inform Tx node, to support the scenarios or sensing stages which UE needs to sweep fine Rx beams.
[0122] On TCI state, For communication BM, all TCI states are in tci-StatesToAddModList of PDSCH-config. Communication’s purpose is for data reception, so after BM operations on BM RS, PDSCH / PDCCH can know their Rx beam based on TCI states. For sensing, there isn’ t PDSCH / PDCCH reception, all operations are based on sensing RS or sensing BM RS. So it can also use the framework of communication (e.g., P1, P2, P3 procedure) , and just don’ t need the step of PDSCH / PDCCH reception (indicate TCI state) . For sensing, there will be a sensing-config, which includes TCI state for sensing only. And it indicates the QCL relationships b / w sensing RSs and sensing BM RSs (e.g., TCI state includes virtual sensing RS (beam angle, beamwidth) , sensing RS, sensing BM RS, or no QCL relationship (source RS) ) .
[0123] Regarding with BPL report and target information maintenance, Different with communication, sensing shall maintain each target’s Tx beam and Rx beam, while not just Tx beam, since two targets may have the same Tx beam while different Rx beam.
[0124] In order to inform Tx node to configure enough RS resource for further target tracking / refining, Rx node needs to report information like the following,
[0125] – Tx beam 1 → target 1 → Rx beam1
[0126] → target 2 → Rx beam 2
[0127] – Tx beam 3 → target 3 → Rx beam 3
[0128] In Rx node local, related information shall also be maintained for the following sensing stage operation.
[0129] Fig. 25 shows an exemplary block diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The communication apparatus 800 can be configured to implement various embodiments of the disclosure described herein. The communication apparatus 800 can include a processor 810, a memory 820, and a radio frequency (RF) module 830 that are coupled together as shown in Fig. 25. In different examples, the communication apparatus 800 can be a base station, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a desktop computer, a vehicle carried device, and the like.
[0130] The processor 810 can be configured to perform various functions of the described above with reference to Figs. 1-24. The processor 810 can include signal processing circuitry to process received or to be transmitted data according to communication protocols specified in, for example, LTE and NR standards. Additionally, the processor 810 may execute program instructions, for example, stored in the memory 820, to perform functions related with different communication protocols. The processor 810 can be implemented with suitable hardware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, the processor 810 can be implemented with application specific integrated circuits (ASIC) , field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) , and the like, that includes circuitry. The circuitry can be configured to perform various functions of the processor 810.
[0131] In one example, the memory 820 can store program instructions that, when executed by the processor 810, cause the processor 810 to perform various functions as described herein. The memory 820 can include a read only memory (ROM) , a random access memory (RAM) , a flash memory, a solid state memory, a hard disk drive, and the like.
[0132] The RF module 830 can be configured to receive a digital signal from the processor 810 and accordingly transmit a signal to a base station in a wireless communication network via an antenna 840. In addition, the RF module 830 can be configured to receive a wireless signal from a base station and accordingly generate a digital signal which is provided to the processor 810. The RF module 830 can include digital to analog / analog to digital converters (DAC / ADC) , frequency down / up converters, filters, and amplifiers for reception and transmission operations. For example, the RF module 830 can include converter circuits, filter circuits, amplification circuits, and the like, for processing signals on different carriers or bandwidth parts.
[0133] The communication apparatus 800 can optionally include other components, such as input and output devices, additional CPU or signal processing circuitry, and the like. Accordingly, the communication apparatus 800 may be capable of performing other additional functions, such as executing application programs, and processing alternative communication protocols.
[0134] The processes and functions described herein can be implemented as a computer program which, when executed by one or more processors, can cause the one or more processors to perform the respective processes and functions. The computer program may be stored or distributed on a suitable medium, such as an optical storage medium or a solid-state medium supplied together with, or as part of, other hardware. The computer program may also be distributed in other forms, such as via the Internet or other wired or wireless telecommunication systems. For example, the computer program can be obtained and loaded into an apparatus, including obtaining the computer program through physical medium or distributed system, including, for example, from a server connected to the Internet.
[0135] The computer program may be accessible from a computer-readable medium providing program instructions for use by or in connection with a computer or any instruction execution system. A computer readable medium may include any apparatus that stores, communicates, propagates, or transports the computer program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer-readable medium can be magnetic, optical, electronic, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system (or apparatus or device) or a propagation medium. The computer-readable medium may include a computer-readable non-transitory storage medium such as a semiconductor or solid state memory, magnetic tape, a removable computer diskette, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , a magnetic disk and an optical disk, and the like. The computer-readable non-transitory storage medium can include all types of computer readable medium, including magnetic storage medium, optical storage medium, flash medium and solid state storage medium.
[0136] While aspects of the present disclosure have been described in conjunction with the specific embodiments thereof that are proposed as examples, alternatives, modifications, and variations to the examples may be made. Accordingly, embodiments as set forth herein are intended to be illustrative and not limiting. There are changes that may be made without departing from the scope of the claims set forth below.
Claims
1.A method, comprising:Two kinds of sensing procedure (single-stage sensing and multiple-stage sensing) are proposed for different sensing use cases.2.The method of claim 1, wherein during the sensing service, Tx configurations and Rx operations shall be adaptively adjusted with the changing of sensing requirement and channel condition.3.The method of claim 1, wherein sensing RS can be TDM or FDM with communication signal; besides, sensing RS for different sensing stage can also be TDM or FDM. Four typical types of sensing RS resource allocation are summarized.4.The method of claim 1, wherein Baseline BM procedure is proposed for general sensing BM operation, and ‘low-cost BM procedure’ for sensing BM operations which can reduce sensing resource usage and computational complexity.5.The method of claim 4, wherein for baseline BM procedure, Rx side shall make Rx beam sweeping for each Tx beam, and do sensing operation simultaneously. After that, sensing results on all BPLs will be integrated, and target related information is determined.6.The method of claim 1, wherein three low-cost BM procedures are proposed, which include procedure for fixed location and orientation, staged procedure and procedure with RSRP-based BM.7.The method of claim 1, wherein a strategy of BM procedure decision is designed to select procedure considering both sensing performance and requirement and sensing resource usage and complexity.
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